deepdoc-lib 0.2.0__py3-none-any.whl

deepdoc/vision/operators.py

@@ -0,0 +1,733 @@
+#
+#  Copyright 2024 The InfiniFlow Authors. All Rights Reserved.
+#
+#  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+#  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+#  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+#  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+#  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+#  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+#  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+#  limitations under the License.
+#
+
+import logging
+import sys
+import ast
+import six
+import cv2
+import numpy as np
+import math
+from PIL import Image
+
+
+class DecodeImage:
+    """ decode image """
+
+    def __init__(self,
+                 img_mode='RGB',
+                 channel_first=False,
+                 ignore_orientation=False,
+                 **kwargs):
+        self.img_mode = img_mode
+        self.channel_first = channel_first
+        self.ignore_orientation = ignore_orientation
+
+    def __call__(self, data):
+        img = data['image']
+        if six.PY2:
+            assert isinstance(img, str) and len(
+                img) > 0, "invalid input 'img' in DecodeImage"
+        else:
+            assert isinstance(img, bytes) and len(
+                img) > 0, "invalid input 'img' in DecodeImage"
+        img = np.frombuffer(img, dtype='uint8')
+        if self.ignore_orientation:
+            img = cv2.imdecode(img, cv2.IMREAD_IGNORE_ORIENTATION |
+                               cv2.IMREAD_COLOR)
+        else:
+            img = cv2.imdecode(img, 1)
+        if img is None:
+            return None
+        if self.img_mode == 'GRAY':
+            img = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_GRAY2BGR)
+        elif self.img_mode == 'RGB':
+            assert img.shape[2] == 3, 'invalid shape of image[%s]' % (
+                img.shape)
+            img = img[:, :, ::-1]
+
+        if self.channel_first:
+            img = img.transpose((2, 0, 1))
+
+        data['image'] = img
+        return data
+
+
+class StandardizeImag:
+    """normalize image
+    Args:
+        mean (list): im - mean
+        std (list): im / std
+        is_scale (bool): whether need im / 255
+        norm_type (str): type in ['mean_std', 'none']
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, mean, std, is_scale=True, norm_type='mean_std'):
+        self.mean = mean
+        self.std = std
+        self.is_scale = is_scale
+        self.norm_type = norm_type
+
+    def __call__(self, im, im_info):
+        """
+        Args:
+            im (np.ndarray): image (np.ndarray)
+            im_info (dict): info of image
+        Returns:
+            im (np.ndarray):  processed image (np.ndarray)
+            im_info (dict): info of processed image
+        """
+        im = im.astype(np.float32, copy=False)
+        if self.is_scale:
+            scale = 1.0 / 255.0
+            im *= scale
+
+        if self.norm_type == 'mean_std':
+            mean = np.array(self.mean)[np.newaxis, np.newaxis, :]
+            std = np.array(self.std)[np.newaxis, np.newaxis, :]
+            im -= mean
+            im /= std
+        return im, im_info
+
+
+class NormalizeImage:
+    """ normalize image such as subtract mean, divide std
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, scale=None, mean=None, std=None, order='chw', **kwargs):
+        if isinstance(scale, str):
+            try:
+                scale = float(scale)
+            except ValueError:
+                if '/' in scale:
+                    parts = scale.split('/')
+                    scale = ast.literal_eval(parts[0]) / ast.literal_eval(parts[1])
+                else:
+                    scale = ast.literal_eval(scale)
+        self.scale = np.float32(scale if scale is not None else 1.0 / 255.0)
+        mean = mean if mean is not None else [0.485, 0.456, 0.406]
+        std = std if std is not None else [0.229, 0.224, 0.225]
+
+        shape = (3, 1, 1) if order == 'chw' else (1, 1, 3)
+        self.mean = np.array(mean).reshape(shape).astype('float32')
+        self.std = np.array(std).reshape(shape).astype('float32')
+
+    def __call__(self, data):
+        img = data['image']
+        from PIL import Image
+        if isinstance(img, Image.Image):
+            img = np.array(img)
+        assert isinstance(img,
+                          np.ndarray), "invalid input 'img' in NormalizeImage"
+        data['image'] = (
+            img.astype('float32') * self.scale - self.mean) / self.std
+        return data
+
+
+class ToCHWImage:
+    """ convert hwc image to chw image
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, **kwargs):
+        pass
+
+    def __call__(self, data):
+        img = data['image']
+        from PIL import Image
+        if isinstance(img, Image.Image):
+            img = np.array(img)
+        data['image'] = img.transpose((2, 0, 1))
+        return data
+
+
+class KeepKeys:
+    def __init__(self, keep_keys, **kwargs):
+        self.keep_keys = keep_keys
+
+    def __call__(self, data):
+        data_list = []
+        for key in self.keep_keys:
+            data_list.append(data[key])
+        return data_list
+
+
+class Pad:
+    def __init__(self, size=None, size_div=32, **kwargs):
+        if size is not None and not isinstance(size, (int, list, tuple)):
+            raise TypeError("Type of target_size is invalid. Now is {}".format(
+                type(size)))
+        if isinstance(size, int):
+            size = [size, size]
+        self.size = size
+        self.size_div = size_div
+
+    def __call__(self, data):
+
+        img = data['image']
+        img_h, img_w = img.shape[0], img.shape[1]
+        if self.size:
+            resize_h2, resize_w2 = self.size
+            assert (
+                img_h < resize_h2 and img_w < resize_w2
+            ), '(h, w) of target size should be greater than (img_h, img_w)'
+        else:
+            resize_h2 = max(
+                int(math.ceil(img.shape[0] / self.size_div) * self.size_div),
+                self.size_div)
+            resize_w2 = max(
+                int(math.ceil(img.shape[1] / self.size_div) * self.size_div),
+                self.size_div)
+        img = cv2.copyMakeBorder(
+            img,
+            0,
+            resize_h2 - img_h,
+            0,
+            resize_w2 - img_w,
+            cv2.BORDER_CONSTANT,
+            value=0)
+        data['image'] = img
+        return data
+
+
+class LinearResize:
+    """resize image by target_size and max_size
+    Args:
+        target_size (int): the target size of image
+        keep_ratio (bool): whether keep_ratio or not, default true
+        interp (int): method of resize
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, target_size, keep_ratio=True, interp=cv2.INTER_LINEAR):
+        if isinstance(target_size, int):
+            target_size = [target_size, target_size]
+        self.target_size = target_size
+        self.keep_ratio = keep_ratio
+        self.interp = interp
+
+    def __call__(self, im, im_info):
+        """
+        Args:
+            im (np.ndarray): image (np.ndarray)
+            im_info (dict): info of image
+        Returns:
+            im (np.ndarray):  processed image (np.ndarray)
+            im_info (dict): info of processed image
+        """
+        assert len(self.target_size) == 2
+        assert self.target_size[0] > 0 and self.target_size[1] > 0
+        _im_channel = im.shape[2]
+        im_scale_y, im_scale_x = self.generate_scale(im)
+        im = cv2.resize(
+            im,
+            None,
+            None,
+            fx=im_scale_x,
+            fy=im_scale_y,
+            interpolation=self.interp)
+        im_info['im_shape'] = np.array(im.shape[:2]).astype('float32')
+        im_info['scale_factor'] = np.array(
+            [im_scale_y, im_scale_x]).astype('float32')
+        return im, im_info
+
+    def generate_scale(self, im):
+        """
+        Args:
+            im (np.ndarray): image (np.ndarray)
+        Returns:
+            im_scale_x: the resize ratio of X
+            im_scale_y: the resize ratio of Y
+        """
+        origin_shape = im.shape[:2]
+        _im_c = im.shape[2]
+        if self.keep_ratio:
+            im_size_min = np.min(origin_shape)
+            im_size_max = np.max(origin_shape)
+            target_size_min = np.min(self.target_size)
+            target_size_max = np.max(self.target_size)
+            im_scale = float(target_size_min) / float(im_size_min)
+            if np.round(im_scale * im_size_max) > target_size_max:
+                im_scale = float(target_size_max) / float(im_size_max)
+            im_scale_x = im_scale
+            im_scale_y = im_scale
+        else:
+            resize_h, resize_w = self.target_size
+            im_scale_y = resize_h / float(origin_shape[0])
+            im_scale_x = resize_w / float(origin_shape[1])
+        return im_scale_y, im_scale_x
+
+
+class Resize:
+    def __init__(self, size=(640, 640), **kwargs):
+        self.size = size
+
+    def resize_image(self, img):
+        resize_h, resize_w = self.size
+        ori_h, ori_w = img.shape[:2]  # (h, w, c)
+        ratio_h = float(resize_h) / ori_h
+        ratio_w = float(resize_w) / ori_w
+        img = cv2.resize(img, (int(resize_w), int(resize_h)))
+        return img, [ratio_h, ratio_w]
+
+    def __call__(self, data):
+        img = data['image']
+        if 'polys' in data:
+            text_polys = data['polys']
+
+        img_resize, [ratio_h, ratio_w] = self.resize_image(img)
+        if 'polys' in data:
+            new_boxes = []
+            for box in text_polys:
+                new_box = []
+                for cord in box:
+                    new_box.append([cord[0] * ratio_w, cord[1] * ratio_h])
+                new_boxes.append(new_box)
+            data['polys'] = np.array(new_boxes, dtype=np.float32)
+        data['image'] = img_resize
+        return data
+
+
+class DetResizeForTest:
+    def __init__(self, **kwargs):
+        super(DetResizeForTest, self).__init__()
+        self.resize_type = 0
+        self.keep_ratio = False
+        if 'image_shape' in kwargs:
+            self.image_shape = kwargs['image_shape']
+            self.resize_type = 1
+            if 'keep_ratio' in kwargs:
+                self.keep_ratio = kwargs['keep_ratio']
+        elif 'limit_side_len' in kwargs:
+            self.limit_side_len = kwargs['limit_side_len']
+            self.limit_type = kwargs.get('limit_type', 'min')
+        elif 'resize_long' in kwargs:
+            self.resize_type = 2
+            self.resize_long = kwargs.get('resize_long', 960)
+        else:
+            self.limit_side_len = 736
+            self.limit_type = 'min'
+
+    def __call__(self, data):
+        img = data['image']
+        src_h, src_w, _ = img.shape
+        if sum([src_h, src_w]) < 64:
+            img = self.image_padding(img)
+
+        if self.resize_type == 0:
+            # img, shape = self.resize_image_type0(img)
+            img, [ratio_h, ratio_w] = self.resize_image_type0(img)
+        elif self.resize_type == 2:
+            img, [ratio_h, ratio_w] = self.resize_image_type2(img)
+        else:
+            # img, shape = self.resize_image_type1(img)
+            img, [ratio_h, ratio_w] = self.resize_image_type1(img)
+        data['image'] = img
+        data['shape'] = np.array([src_h, src_w, ratio_h, ratio_w])
+        return data
+
+    def image_padding(self, im, value=0):
+        h, w, c = im.shape
+        im_pad = np.zeros((max(32, h), max(32, w), c), np.uint8) + value
+        im_pad[:h, :w, :] = im
+        return im_pad
+
+    def resize_image_type1(self, img):
+        resize_h, resize_w = self.image_shape
+        ori_h, ori_w = img.shape[:2]  # (h, w, c)
+        if self.keep_ratio is True:
+            resize_w = ori_w * resize_h / ori_h
+            N = math.ceil(resize_w / 32)
+            resize_w = N * 32
+        ratio_h = float(resize_h) / ori_h
+        ratio_w = float(resize_w) / ori_w
+        img = cv2.resize(img, (int(resize_w), int(resize_h)))
+        # return img, np.array([ori_h, ori_w])
+        return img, [ratio_h, ratio_w]
+
+    def resize_image_type0(self, img):
+        """
+        resize image to a size multiple of 32 which is required by the network
+        args:
+            img(array): array with shape [h, w, c]
+        return(tuple):
+            img, (ratio_h, ratio_w)
+        """
+        limit_side_len = self.limit_side_len
+        h, w, c = img.shape
+
+        # limit the max side
+        if self.limit_type == 'max':
+            if max(h, w) > limit_side_len:
+                if h > w:
+                    ratio = float(limit_side_len) / h
+                else:
+                    ratio = float(limit_side_len) / w
+            else:
+                ratio = 1.
+        elif self.limit_type == 'min':
+            if min(h, w) < limit_side_len:
+                if h < w:
+                    ratio = float(limit_side_len) / h
+                else:
+                    ratio = float(limit_side_len) / w
+            else:
+                ratio = 1.
+        elif self.limit_type == 'resize_long':
+            ratio = float(limit_side_len) / max(h, w)
+        else:
+            raise Exception('not support limit type, image ')
+        resize_h = int(h * ratio)
+        resize_w = int(w * ratio)
+
+        resize_h = max(int(round(resize_h / 32) * 32), 32)
+        resize_w = max(int(round(resize_w / 32) * 32), 32)
+
+        try:
+            if int(resize_w) <= 0 or int(resize_h) <= 0:
+                return None, (None, None)
+            img = cv2.resize(img, (int(resize_w), int(resize_h)))
+        except BaseException:
+            logging.exception("{} {} {}".format(img.shape, resize_w, resize_h))
+            sys.exit(0)
+        ratio_h = resize_h / float(h)
+        ratio_w = resize_w / float(w)
+        return img, [ratio_h, ratio_w]
+
+    def resize_image_type2(self, img):
+        h, w, _ = img.shape
+
+        resize_w = w
+        resize_h = h
+
+        if resize_h > resize_w:
+            ratio = float(self.resize_long) / resize_h
+        else:
+            ratio = float(self.resize_long) / resize_w
+
+        resize_h = int(resize_h * ratio)
+        resize_w = int(resize_w * ratio)
+
+        max_stride = 128
+        resize_h = (resize_h + max_stride - 1) // max_stride * max_stride
+        resize_w = (resize_w + max_stride - 1) // max_stride * max_stride
+        img = cv2.resize(img, (int(resize_w), int(resize_h)))
+        ratio_h = resize_h / float(h)
+        ratio_w = resize_w / float(w)
+
+        return img, [ratio_h, ratio_w]
+
+
+class E2EResizeForTest:
+    def __init__(self, **kwargs):
+        super(E2EResizeForTest, self).__init__()
+        self.max_side_len = kwargs['max_side_len']
+        self.valid_set = kwargs['valid_set']
+
+    def __call__(self, data):
+        img = data['image']
+        src_h, src_w, _ = img.shape
+        if self.valid_set == 'totaltext':
+            im_resized, [ratio_h, ratio_w] = self.resize_image_for_totaltext(
+                img, max_side_len=self.max_side_len)
+        else:
+            im_resized, (ratio_h, ratio_w) = self.resize_image(
+                img, max_side_len=self.max_side_len)
+        data['image'] = im_resized
+        data['shape'] = np.array([src_h, src_w, ratio_h, ratio_w])
+        return data
+
+    def resize_image_for_totaltext(self, im, max_side_len=512):
+        h, w, _ = im.shape
+        resize_w = w
+        resize_h = h
+        ratio = 1.25
+        if h * ratio > max_side_len:
+            ratio = float(max_side_len) / resize_h
+        resize_h = int(resize_h * ratio)
+        resize_w = int(resize_w * ratio)
+
+        max_stride = 128
+        resize_h = (resize_h + max_stride - 1) // max_stride * max_stride
+        resize_w = (resize_w + max_stride - 1) // max_stride * max_stride
+        im = cv2.resize(im, (int(resize_w), int(resize_h)))
+        ratio_h = resize_h / float(h)
+        ratio_w = resize_w / float(w)
+        return im, (ratio_h, ratio_w)
+
+    def resize_image(self, im, max_side_len=512):
+        """
+        resize image to a size multiple of max_stride which is required by the network
+        :param im: the resized image
+        :param max_side_len: limit of max image size to avoid out of memory in gpu
+        :return: the resized image and the resize ratio
+        """
+        h, w, _ = im.shape
+
+        resize_w = w
+        resize_h = h
+
+        # Fix the longer side
+        if resize_h > resize_w:
+            ratio = float(max_side_len) / resize_h
+        else:
+            ratio = float(max_side_len) / resize_w
+
+        resize_h = int(resize_h * ratio)
+        resize_w = int(resize_w * ratio)
+
+        max_stride = 128
+        resize_h = (resize_h + max_stride - 1) // max_stride * max_stride
+        resize_w = (resize_w + max_stride - 1) // max_stride * max_stride
+        im = cv2.resize(im, (int(resize_w), int(resize_h)))
+        ratio_h = resize_h / float(h)
+        ratio_w = resize_w / float(w)
+
+        return im, (ratio_h, ratio_w)
+
+
+class KieResize:
+    def __init__(self, **kwargs):
+        super(KieResize, self).__init__()
+        self.max_side, self.min_side = kwargs['img_scale'][0], kwargs[
+            'img_scale'][1]
+
+    def __call__(self, data):
+        img = data['image']
+        points = data['points']
+        src_h, src_w, _ = img.shape
+        im_resized, scale_factor, [ratio_h, ratio_w
+                                   ], [new_h, new_w] = self.resize_image(img)
+        resize_points = self.resize_boxes(img, points, scale_factor)
+        data['ori_image'] = img
+        data['ori_boxes'] = points
+        data['points'] = resize_points
+        data['image'] = im_resized
+        data['shape'] = np.array([new_h, new_w])
+        return data
+
+    def resize_image(self, img):
+        norm_img = np.zeros([1024, 1024, 3], dtype='float32')
+        scale = [512, 1024]
+        h, w = img.shape[:2]
+        max_long_edge = max(scale)
+        max_short_edge = min(scale)
+        scale_factor = min(max_long_edge / max(h, w),
+                           max_short_edge / min(h, w))
+        resize_w, resize_h = int(w * float(scale_factor) + 0.5), int(h * float(
+            scale_factor) + 0.5)
+        max_stride = 32
+        resize_h = (resize_h + max_stride - 1) // max_stride * max_stride
+        resize_w = (resize_w + max_stride - 1) // max_stride * max_stride
+        im = cv2.resize(img, (resize_w, resize_h))
+        new_h, new_w = im.shape[:2]
+        w_scale = new_w / w
+        h_scale = new_h / h
+        scale_factor = np.array(
+            [w_scale, h_scale, w_scale, h_scale], dtype=np.float32)
+        norm_img[:new_h, :new_w, :] = im
+        return norm_img, scale_factor, [h_scale, w_scale], [new_h, new_w]
+
+    def resize_boxes(self, im, points, scale_factor):
+        points = points * scale_factor
+        img_shape = im.shape[:2]
+        points[:, 0::2] = np.clip(points[:, 0::2], 0, img_shape[1])
+        points[:, 1::2] = np.clip(points[:, 1::2], 0, img_shape[0])
+        return points
+
+
+class SRResize:
+    def __init__(self,
+                 imgH=32,
+                 imgW=128,
+                 down_sample_scale=4,
+                 keep_ratio=False,
+                 min_ratio=1,
+                 mask=False,
+                 infer_mode=False,
+                 **kwargs):
+        self.imgH = imgH
+        self.imgW = imgW
+        self.keep_ratio = keep_ratio
+        self.min_ratio = min_ratio
+        self.down_sample_scale = down_sample_scale
+        self.mask = mask
+        self.infer_mode = infer_mode
+
+    def __call__(self, data):
+        imgH = self.imgH
+        imgW = self.imgW
+        images_lr = data["image_lr"]
+        transform2 = ResizeNormalize(
+            (imgW // self.down_sample_scale, imgH // self.down_sample_scale))
+        images_lr = transform2(images_lr)
+        data["img_lr"] = images_lr
+        if self.infer_mode:
+            return data
+
+        images_HR = data["image_hr"]
+        _label_strs = data["label"]
+        transform = ResizeNormalize((imgW, imgH))
+        images_HR = transform(images_HR)
+        data["img_hr"] = images_HR
+        return data
+
+
+class ResizeNormalize:
+    def __init__(self, size, interpolation=Image.BICUBIC):
+        self.size = size
+        self.interpolation = interpolation
+
+    def __call__(self, img):
+        img = img.resize(self.size, self.interpolation)
+        img_numpy = np.array(img).astype("float32")
+        img_numpy = img_numpy.transpose((2, 0, 1)) / 255
+        return img_numpy
+
+
+class GrayImageChannelFormat:
+    """
+    format gray scale image's channel: (3,h,w) -> (1,h,w)
+    Args:
+        inverse: inverse gray image
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, inverse=False, **kwargs):
+        self.inverse = inverse
+
+    def __call__(self, data):
+        img = data['image']
+        img_single_channel = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
+        img_expanded = np.expand_dims(img_single_channel, 0)
+
+        if self.inverse:
+            data['image'] = np.abs(img_expanded - 1)
+        else:
+            data['image'] = img_expanded
+
+        data['src_image'] = img
+        return data
+
+
+class Permute:
+    """permute image
+    Args:
+        to_bgr (bool): whether convert RGB to BGR
+        channel_first (bool): whether convert HWC to CHW
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, ):
+        super(Permute, self).__init__()
+
+    def __call__(self, im, im_info):
+        """
+        Args:
+            im (np.ndarray): image (np.ndarray)
+            im_info (dict): info of image
+        Returns:
+            im (np.ndarray):  processed image (np.ndarray)
+            im_info (dict): info of processed image
+        """
+        im = im.transpose((2, 0, 1)).copy()
+        return im, im_info
+
+
+class PadStride:
+    """ padding image for model with FPN, instead PadBatch(pad_to_stride) in original config
+    Args:
+        stride (bool): model with FPN need image shape % stride == 0
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, stride=0):
+        self.coarsest_stride = stride
+
+    def __call__(self, im, im_info):
+        """
+        Args:
+            im (np.ndarray): image (np.ndarray)
+            im_info (dict): info of image
+        Returns:
+            im (np.ndarray):  processed image (np.ndarray)
+            im_info (dict): info of processed image
+        """
+        coarsest_stride = self.coarsest_stride
+        if coarsest_stride <= 0:
+            return im, im_info
+        im_c, im_h, im_w = im.shape
+        pad_h = int(np.ceil(float(im_h) / coarsest_stride) * coarsest_stride)
+        pad_w = int(np.ceil(float(im_w) / coarsest_stride) * coarsest_stride)
+        padding_im = np.zeros((im_c, pad_h, pad_w), dtype=np.float32)
+        padding_im[:, :im_h, :im_w] = im
+        return padding_im, im_info
+
+
+def decode_image(im_file, im_info):
+    """read rgb image
+    Args:
+        im_file (str|np.ndarray): input can be image path or np.ndarray
+        im_info (dict): info of image
+    Returns:
+        im (np.ndarray):  processed image (np.ndarray)
+        im_info (dict): info of processed image
+    """
+    if isinstance(im_file, str):
+        with open(im_file, 'rb') as f:
+            im_read = f.read()
+        data = np.frombuffer(im_read, dtype='uint8')
+        im = cv2.imdecode(data, 1)  # BGR mode, but need RGB mode
+        im = cv2.cvtColor(im, cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGB)
+    else:
+        im = im_file
+    im_info['im_shape'] = np.array(im.shape[:2], dtype=np.float32)
+    im_info['scale_factor'] = np.array([1., 1.], dtype=np.float32)
+    return im, im_info
+
+
+def preprocess(im, preprocess_ops):
+    # process image by preprocess_ops
+    im_info = {
+        'scale_factor': np.array(
+            [1., 1.], dtype=np.float32),
+        'im_shape': None,
+    }
+    im, im_info = decode_image(im, im_info)
+    for operator in preprocess_ops:
+        im, im_info = operator(im, im_info)
+    return im, im_info
+
+
+def nms(bboxes, scores, iou_thresh):
+    import numpy as np
+    x1 = bboxes[:, 0]
+    y1 = bboxes[:, 1]
+    x2 = bboxes[:, 2]
+    y2 = bboxes[:, 3]
+    areas = (y2 - y1) * (x2 - x1)
+
+    indices = []
+    index = scores.argsort()[::-1]
+    while index.size > 0:
+        i = index[0]
+        indices.append(i)
+        x11 = np.maximum(x1[i], x1[index[1:]])
+        y11 = np.maximum(y1[i], y1[index[1:]])
+        x22 = np.minimum(x2[i], x2[index[1:]])
+        y22 = np.minimum(y2[i], y2[index[1:]])
+        w = np.maximum(0, x22 - x11 + 1)
+        h = np.maximum(0, y22 - y11 + 1)
+        overlaps = w * h
+        ious = overlaps / (areas[i] + areas[index[1:]] - overlaps)
+        idx = np.where(ious <= iou_thresh)[0]
+        index = index[idx + 1]
+    return indices