crypto-com-sdk 0.0.13__py3-none-any.whl → 0.0.15__py3-none-any.whl

cryptocom/ccxt/pro/cryptocom.py

@@ -0,0 +1,1326 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+# PLEASE DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE, IT IS GENERATED AND WILL BE OVERWRITTEN:
+# https://github.com/ccxt/ccxt/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-code
+
+import ccxt.async_support
+from ccxt.async_support.base.ws.cache import ArrayCache, ArrayCacheBySymbolById, ArrayCacheBySymbolBySide, ArrayCacheByTimestamp
+import hashlib
+from ccxt.base.types import Any, Balances, Int, Market, Num, Order, OrderBook, OrderSide, OrderType, Position, Str, Strings, Ticker, Tickers, Trade
+from ccxt.async_support.base.ws.client import Client
+from typing import List
+from ccxt.base.errors import ExchangeError
+from ccxt.base.errors import AuthenticationError
+from ccxt.base.errors import NetworkError
+from ccxt.base.errors import ChecksumError
+
+
+from ccxt.async_support import cryptocom as cryptocomAsync
+
+
+class cryptocom(cryptocomAsync):
+
+    def describe(self) -> Any:
+        return self.deep_extend(super(cryptocom, self).describe(), {
+            'has': {
+                'ws': True,
+                'watchBalance': True,
+                'watchTicker': True,
+                'watchTickers': True,
+                'watchBidsAsks': True,
+                'watchMyTrades': True,
+                'watchTrades': True,
+                'watchTradesForSymbols': True,
+                'watchOrderBook': True,
+                'watchOrderBookForSymbols': True,
+                'watchOrders': True,
+                'watchOHLCV': True,
+                'watchPositions': True,
+                'createOrderWs': True,
+                'cancelOrderWs': True,
+                'cancelAllOrders': True,
+            },
+            'urls': {
+                'api': {
+                    'ws': {
+                        'public': 'wss://stream.crypto.com/exchange/v1/market',
+                        'private': 'wss://stream.crypto.com/exchange/v1/user',
+                    },
+                },
+                'test': {
+                    'public': 'wss://uat-stream.3ona.co/exchange/v1/market',
+                    'private': 'wss://uat-stream.3ona.co/exchange/v1/user',
+                },
+            },
+            'options': {
+                'watchPositions': {
+                    'fetchPositionsSnapshot': True,  # or False
+                    'awaitPositionsSnapshot': True,  # whether to wait for the positions snapshot before providing updates
+                },
+                'watchOrderBook': {
+                    'checksum': True,
+                },
+            },
+            'streaming': {
+            },
+        })
+
+    async def pong(self, client, message):
+        # {
+        #     "id": 1587523073344,
+        #     "method": "public/heartbeat",
+        #     "code": 0
+        # }
+        try:
+            await client.send({'id': self.safe_integer(message, 'id'), 'method': 'public/respond-heartbeat'})
+        except Exception as e:
+            error = NetworkError(self.id + ' pong failed with error ' + self.json(e))
+            client.reset(error)
+
+    async def watch_order_book(self, symbol: str, limit: Int = None, params={}) -> OrderBook:
+        """
+        watches information on open orders with bid(buy) and ask(sell) prices, volumes and other data
+
+        https://exchange-docs.crypto.com/exchange/v1/rest-ws/index.html#book-instrument_name
+
+        :param str symbol: unified symbol of the market to fetch the order book for
+        :param int [limit]: the maximum amount of order book entries to return
+        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
+        :param str [params.bookSubscriptionType]: The subscription type. Allowed values: SNAPSHOT full snapshot. This is the default if not specified. SNAPSHOT_AND_UPDATE delta updates
+        :param int [params.bookUpdateFrequency]: Book update interval in ms. Allowed values: 100 for snapshot subscription 10 for delta subscription
+        :returns dict: A dictionary of `order book structures <https://docs.ccxt.com/#/?id=order-book-structure>` indexed by market symbols
+        """
+        return await self.watch_order_book_for_symbols([symbol], limit, params)
+
+    async def un_watch_order_book(self, symbol: str, params={}) -> Any:
+        """
+        unWatches information on open orders with bid(buy) and ask(sell) prices, volumes and other data
+
+        https://exchange-docs.crypto.com/exchange/v1/rest-ws/index.html#book-instrument_name
+
+        :param str symbol: unified symbol of the market to fetch the order book for
+        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
+        :param str [params.bookSubscriptionType]: The subscription type. Allowed values: SNAPSHOT full snapshot. This is the default if not specified. SNAPSHOT_AND_UPDATE delta updates
+        :param int [params.bookUpdateFrequency]: Book update interval in ms. Allowed values: 100 for snapshot subscription 10 for delta subscription
+        :returns dict: A dictionary of `order book structures <https://docs.ccxt.com/#/?id=order-book-structure>` indexed by market symbols
+        """
+        return await self.un_watch_order_book_for_symbols([symbol], params)
+
+    async def watch_order_book_for_symbols(self, symbols: List[str], limit: Int = None, params={}) -> OrderBook:
+        """
+        watches information on open orders with bid(buy) and ask(sell) prices, volumes and other data
+
+        https://exchange-docs.crypto.com/exchange/v1/rest-ws/index.html#book-instrument_name
+
+        :param str[] symbols: unified array of symbols
+        :param int [limit]: the maximum amount of order book entries to return
+        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
+        :param str [params.bookSubscriptionType]: The subscription type. Allowed values: SNAPSHOT full snapshot. This is the default if not specified. SNAPSHOT_AND_UPDATE delta updates
+        :param int [params.bookUpdateFrequency]: Book update interval in ms. Allowed values: 100 for snapshot subscription 10 for delta subscription
+        :returns dict: A dictionary of `order book structures <https://docs.ccxt.com/#/?id=order-book-structure>` indexed by market symbols
+        """
+        await self.load_markets()
+        symbols = self.market_symbols(symbols)
+        topics = []
+        messageHashes = []
+        if not limit:
+            limit = 50
+        topicParams = self.safe_value(params, 'params')
+        if topicParams is None:
+            params['params'] = {}
+        bookSubscriptionType = None
+        bookSubscriptionType2 = None
+        bookSubscriptionType, params = self.handle_option_and_params(params, 'watchOrderBook', 'bookSubscriptionType', 'SNAPSHOT_AND_UPDATE')
+        bookSubscriptionType2, params = self.handle_option_and_params(params, 'watchOrderBookForSymbols', 'bookSubscriptionType', bookSubscriptionType)
+        params['params']['bookSubscriptionType'] = bookSubscriptionType2
+        bookUpdateFrequency = None
+        bookUpdateFrequency2 = None
+        bookUpdateFrequency, params = self.handle_option_and_params(params, 'watchOrderBook', 'bookUpdateFrequency')
+        bookUpdateFrequency2, params = self.handle_option_and_params(params, 'watchOrderBookForSymbols', 'bookUpdateFrequency', bookUpdateFrequency)
+        if bookUpdateFrequency2 is not None:
+            params['params']['bookSubscriptionType'] = bookUpdateFrequency2
+        for i in range(0, len(symbols)):
+            symbol = symbols[i]
+            market = self.market(symbol)
+            currentTopic = 'book' + '.' + market['id'] + '.' + str(limit)
+            messageHash = 'orderbook:' + market['symbol']
+            messageHashes.append(messageHash)
+            topics.append(currentTopic)
+        orderbook = await self.watch_public_multiple(messageHashes, topics, params)
+        return orderbook.limit()
+
+    async def un_watch_order_book_for_symbols(self, symbols: List[str], params={}) -> OrderBook:
+        """
+        unWatches information on open orders with bid(buy) and ask(sell) prices, volumes and other data
+
+        https://exchange-docs.crypto.com/exchange/v1/rest-ws/index.html#book-instrument_name
+
+        :param str[] symbols: unified array of symbols
+        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
+        :param int [params.limit]: orderbook limit, default is 50
+        :param str [params.bookSubscriptionType]: The subscription type. Allowed values: SNAPSHOT full snapshot. This is the default if not specified. SNAPSHOT_AND_UPDATE delta updates
+        :param int [params.bookUpdateFrequency]: Book update interval in ms. Allowed values: 100 for snapshot subscription 10 for delta subscription
+        :returns dict: A dictionary of `order book structures <https://docs.ccxt.com/#/?id=order-book-structure>` indexed by market symbols
+        """
+        await self.load_markets()
+        symbols = self.market_symbols(symbols)
+        topics = []
+        subMessageHashes = []
+        messageHashes = []
+        limit = self.safe_integer(params, 'limit', 50)
+        topicParams = self.safe_value(params, 'params')
+        if topicParams is None:
+            params['params'] = {}
+        bookSubscriptionType = None
+        bookSubscriptionType2 = None
+        bookSubscriptionType, params = self.handle_option_and_params(params, 'watchOrderBook', 'bookSubscriptionType', 'SNAPSHOT_AND_UPDATE')
+        bookSubscriptionType2, params = self.handle_option_and_params(params, 'watchOrderBookForSymbols', 'bookSubscriptionType', bookSubscriptionType)
+        params['params']['bookSubscriptionType'] = bookSubscriptionType2
+        bookUpdateFrequency = None
+        bookUpdateFrequency2 = None
+        bookUpdateFrequency, params = self.handle_option_and_params(params, 'watchOrderBook', 'bookUpdateFrequency')
+        bookUpdateFrequency2, params = self.handle_option_and_params(params, 'watchOrderBookForSymbols', 'bookUpdateFrequency', bookUpdateFrequency)
+        if bookUpdateFrequency2 is not None:
+            params['params']['bookSubscriptionType'] = bookUpdateFrequency2
+        for i in range(0, len(symbols)):
+            symbol = symbols[i]
+            market = self.market(symbol)
+            currentTopic = 'book' + '.' + market['id'] + '.' + str(limit)
+            messageHash = 'orderbook:' + market['symbol']
+            subMessageHashes.append(messageHash)
+            messageHashes.append('unsubscribe:' + messageHash)
+            topics.append(currentTopic)
+        return await self.un_watch_public_multiple('orderbook', symbols, messageHashes, subMessageHashes, topics, params)
+
+    def handle_delta(self, bookside, delta):
+        price = self.safe_float(delta, 0)
+        amount = self.safe_float(delta, 1)
+        count = self.safe_integer(delta, 2)
+        bookside.storeArray([price, amount, count])
+
+    def handle_deltas(self, bookside, deltas):
+        for i in range(0, len(deltas)):
+            self.handle_delta(bookside, deltas[i])
+
+    def handle_order_book(self, client: Client, message):
+        #
+        # snapshot
+        #    {
+        #        "instrument_name":"LTC_USDT",
+        #        "subscription":"book.LTC_USDT.150",
+        #        "channel":"book",
+        #        "depth":150,
+        #        "data": [
+        #             {
+        #                 "bids": [
+        #                     [122.21, 0.74041, 4]
+        #                 ],
+        #                 "asks": [
+        #                     [122.29, 0.00002, 1]
+        #                 ]
+        #                 "t": 1648123943803,
+        #                 "s":754560122
+        #             }
+        #         ]
+        #    }
+        #  update
+        #    {
+        #        "instrument_name":"BTC_USDT",
+        #        "subscription":"book.BTC_USDT.50",
+        #        "channel":"book.update",
+        #        "depth":50,
+        #        "data":[
+        #           {
+        #              "update":{
+        #                 "asks":[
+        #                    [
+        #                       "43755.46",
+        #                       "0.10000",
+        #                       "1"
+        #                    ],
+        #                    ...
+        #                 ],
+        #                 "bids":[
+        #                    [
+        #                       "43737.46",
+        #                       "0.14096",
+        #                       "1"
+        #                    ],
+        #                    ...
+        #                 ]
+        #              },
+        #              "t":1704484068898,
+        #              "tt":1704484068892,
+        #              "u":78795598253024,
+        #              "pu":78795598162080,
+        #              "cs":-781431132
+        #           }
+        #        ]
+        #    }
+        #
+        marketId = self.safe_string(message, 'instrument_name')
+        market = self.safe_market(marketId)
+        symbol = market['symbol']
+        data = self.safe_value(message, 'data')
+        data = self.safe_value(data, 0)
+        timestamp = self.safe_integer(data, 't')
+        if not (symbol in self.orderbooks):
+            limit = self.safe_integer(message, 'depth')
+            self.orderbooks[symbol] = self.counted_order_book({}, limit)
+        orderbook = self.orderbooks[symbol]
+        channel = self.safe_string(message, 'channel')
+        nonce = self.safe_integer_2(data, 'u', 's')
+        books = data
+        if channel == 'book':  # snapshot
+            orderbook.reset({})
+            orderbook['symbol'] = symbol
+            orderbook['timestamp'] = timestamp
+            orderbook['datetime'] = self.iso8601(timestamp)
+            orderbook['nonce'] = nonce
+        else:
+            books = self.safe_value(data, 'update', {})
+            previousNonce = self.safe_integer(data, 'pu')
+            currentNonce = orderbook['nonce']
+            if currentNonce != previousNonce:
+                checksum = self.handle_option('watchOrderBook', 'checksum', True)
+                if checksum:
+                    raise ChecksumError(self.id + ' ' + self.orderbook_checksum_message(symbol))
+        self.handle_deltas(orderbook['asks'], self.safe_value(books, 'asks', []))
+        self.handle_deltas(orderbook['bids'], self.safe_value(books, 'bids', []))
+        orderbook['nonce'] = nonce
+        self.orderbooks[symbol] = orderbook
+        messageHash = 'orderbook:' + symbol
+        client.resolve(orderbook, messageHash)
+
+    async def watch_trades(self, symbol: str, since: Int = None, limit: Int = None, params={}) -> List[Trade]:
+        """
+        get the list of most recent trades for a particular symbol
+
+        https://exchange-docs.crypto.com/exchange/v1/rest-ws/index.html#trade-instrument_name
+
+        :param str symbol: unified symbol of the market to fetch trades for
+        :param int [since]: timestamp in ms of the earliest trade to fetch
+        :param int [limit]: the maximum amount of trades to fetch
+        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
+        :returns dict[]: a list of `trade structures <https://docs.ccxt.com/#/?id=public-trades>`
+        """
+        return await self.watch_trades_for_symbols([symbol], since, limit, params)
+
+    async def un_watch_trades(self, symbol: str, params={}) -> List[Trade]:
+        """
+        get the list of most recent trades for a particular symbol
+
+        https://exchange-docs.crypto.com/exchange/v1/rest-ws/index.html#trade-instrument_name
+
+        :param str symbol: unified symbol of the market to fetch trades for
+        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
+        :returns dict[]: a list of `trade structures <https://docs.ccxt.com/#/?id=public-trades>`
+        """
+        return await self.un_watch_trades_for_symbols([symbol], params)
+
+    async def watch_trades_for_symbols(self, symbols: List[str], since: Int = None, limit: Int = None, params={}) -> List[Trade]:
+        """
+        get the list of most recent trades for a particular symbol
+
+        https://exchange-docs.crypto.com/exchange/v1/rest-ws/index.html#trade-instrument_name
+
+        :param str[] symbols: unified symbol of the market to fetch trades for
+        :param int [since]: timestamp in ms of the earliest trade to fetch
+        :param int [limit]: the maximum amount of trades to fetch
+        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
+        :returns dict[]: a list of `trade structures <https://docs.ccxt.com/#/?id=public-trades>`
+        """
+        await self.load_markets()
+        symbols = self.market_symbols(symbols)
+        topics = []
+        for i in range(0, len(symbols)):
+            symbol = symbols[i]
+            market = self.market(symbol)
+            currentTopic = 'trade' + '.' + market['id']
+            topics.append(currentTopic)
+        trades = await self.watch_public_multiple(topics, topics, params)
+        if self.newUpdates:
+            first = self.safe_value(trades, 0)
+            tradeSymbol = self.safe_string(first, 'symbol')
+            limit = trades.getLimit(tradeSymbol, limit)
+        return self.filter_by_since_limit(trades, since, limit, 'timestamp', True)
+
+    async def un_watch_trades_for_symbols(self, symbols: List[str], params={}) -> Any:
+        """
+        get the list of most recent trades for a particular symbol
+
+        https://exchange-docs.crypto.com/exchange/v1/rest-ws/index.html#trade-instrument_name
+
+        :param str[] [symbols]: list of unified market symbols to unwatch trades for
+        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
+        :returns dict[]: a list of `trade structures <https://docs.ccxt.com/#/?id=public-trades>`
+        """
+        await self.load_markets()
+        symbols = self.market_symbols(symbols)
+        topics = []
+        messageHashes = []
+        for i in range(0, len(symbols)):
+            symbol = symbols[i]
+            market = self.market(symbol)
+            currentTopic = 'trade' + '.' + market['id']
+            messageHashes.append('unsubscribe:trades:' + market['symbol'])
+            topics.append(currentTopic)
+        return await self.un_watch_public_multiple('trades', symbols, messageHashes, topics, topics, params)
+
+    def handle_trades(self, client: Client, message):
+        #
+        # {
+        #     "code": 0,
+        #     "method": "subscribe",
+        #     "result": {
+        #       "instrument_name": "BTC_USDT",
+        #       "subscription": "trade.BTC_USDT",
+        #       "channel": "trade",
+        #       "data": [
+        #             {
+        #                 "dataTime":1648122434405,
+        #                 "d":"2358394540212355488",
+        #                 "s":"SELL",
+        #                 "p":42980.85,
+        #                 "q":0.002325,
+        #                 "t":1648122434404,
+        #                 "i":"BTC_USDT"
+        #              }
+        #              (...)
+        #       ]
+        # }
+        #
+        channel = self.safe_string(message, 'channel')
+        marketId = self.safe_string(message, 'instrument_name')
+        symbolSpecificMessageHash = self.safe_string(message, 'subscription')
+        market = self.safe_market(marketId)
+        symbol = market['symbol']
+        stored = self.safe_value(self.trades, symbol)
+        if stored is None:
+            limit = self.safe_integer(self.options, 'tradesLimit', 1000)
+            stored = ArrayCache(limit)
+            self.trades[symbol] = stored
+        data = self.safe_value(message, 'data', [])
+        dataLength = len(data)
+        if dataLength == 0:
+            return
+        parsedTrades = self.parse_trades(data, market)
+        for j in range(0, len(parsedTrades)):
+            stored.append(parsedTrades[j])
+        channelReplaced = channel.replace('.' + marketId, '')
+        client.resolve(stored, symbolSpecificMessageHash)
+        client.resolve(stored, channelReplaced)
+
+    async def watch_my_trades(self, symbol: Str = None, since: Int = None, limit: Int = None, params={}) -> List[Trade]:
+        """
+        watches information on multiple trades made by the user
+
+        https://exchange-docs.crypto.com/exchange/v1/rest-ws/index.html#user-trade-instrument_name
+
+        :param str symbol: unified market symbol of the market trades were made in
+        :param int [since]: the earliest time in ms to fetch trades for
+        :param int [limit]: the maximum number of trade structures to retrieve
+        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
+        :returns dict[]: a list of `trade structures <https://docs.ccxt.com/#/?id=trade-structure>`
+        """
+        await self.load_markets()
+        market = None
+        if symbol is not None:
+            market = self.market(symbol)
+            symbol = market['symbol']
+        messageHash = 'user.trade'
+        messageHash = (messageHash + '.' + market['id']) if (market is not None) else messageHash
+        trades = await self.watch_private_subscribe(messageHash, params)
+        if self.newUpdates:
+            limit = trades.getLimit(symbol, limit)
+        return self.filter_by_symbol_since_limit(trades, symbol, since, limit, True)
+
+    async def watch_ticker(self, symbol: str, params={}) -> Ticker:
+        """
+        watches a price ticker, a statistical calculation with the information calculated over the past 24 hours for a specific market
+
+        https://exchange-docs.crypto.com/exchange/v1/rest-ws/index.html#ticker-instrument_name
+
+        :param str symbol: unified symbol of the market to fetch the ticker for
+        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
+        :returns dict: a `ticker structure <https://docs.ccxt.com/#/?id=ticker-structure>`
+        """
+        await self.load_markets()
+        market = self.market(symbol)
+        messageHash = 'ticker' + '.' + market['id']
+        return await self.watch_public(messageHash, params)
+
+    async def un_watch_ticker(self, symbol: str, params={}) -> Any:
+        """
+        unWatches a price ticker, a statistical calculation with the information calculated over the past 24 hours for a specific market
+
+        https://exchange-docs.crypto.com/exchange/v1/rest-ws/index.html#ticker-instrument_name
+
+        :param str symbol: unified symbol of the market to fetch the ticker for
+        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
+        :returns dict: a `ticker structure <https://docs.ccxt.com/#/?id=ticker-structure>`
+        """
+        await self.load_markets()
+        market = self.market(symbol)
+        subMessageHash = 'ticker' + '.' + market['id']
+        messageHash = 'unsubscribe:ticker:' + market['symbol']
+        return await self.un_watch_public_multiple('ticker', [market['symbol']], [messageHash], [subMessageHash], [subMessageHash], params)
+
+    async def watch_tickers(self, symbols: Strings = None, params={}) -> Tickers:
+        """
+        watches a price ticker, a statistical calculation with the information calculated over the past 24 hours for all markets of a specific list
+
+        https://exchange-docs.crypto.com/exchange/v1/rest-ws/index.html#ticker-instrument_name
+
+        :param str[] symbols: unified symbol of the market to fetch the ticker for
+        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
+        :returns dict: a `ticker structure <https://docs.ccxt.com/#/?id=ticker-structure>`
+        """
+        await self.load_markets()
+        symbols = self.market_symbols(symbols, None, False)
+        messageHashes = []
+        marketIds = self.market_ids(symbols)
+        for i in range(0, len(marketIds)):
+            marketId = marketIds[i]
+            messageHashes.append('ticker.' + marketId)
+        url = self.urls['api']['ws']['public']
+        id = self.nonce()
+        request: dict = {
+            'method': 'subscribe',
+            'params': {
+                'channels': messageHashes,
+            },
+            'nonce': id,
+        }
+        ticker = await self.watch_multiple(url, messageHashes, self.extend(request, params), messageHashes)
+        if self.newUpdates:
+            result: dict = {}
+            result[ticker['symbol']] = ticker
+            return result
+        return self.filter_by_array(self.tickers, 'symbol', symbols)
+
+    async def un_watch_tickers(self, symbols: Strings = None, params={}) -> Any:
+        """
+        unWatches a price ticker
+
+        https://exchange-docs.crypto.com/exchange/v1/rest-ws/index.html#ticker-instrument_name
+
+        :param str[] symbols: unified symbol of the market to fetch the ticker for
+        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
+        :returns dict: a `ticker structure <https://docs.ccxt.com/#/?id=ticker-structure>`
+        """
+        await self.load_markets()
+        symbols = self.market_symbols(symbols, None, False)
+        messageHashes = []
+        subMessageHashes = []
+        marketIds = self.market_ids(symbols)
+        for i in range(0, len(marketIds)):
+            marketId = marketIds[i]
+            symbol = symbols[i]
+            subMessageHashes.append('ticker.' + marketId)
+            messageHashes.append('unsubscribe:ticker:' + symbol)
+        return await self.un_watch_public_multiple('ticker', symbols, messageHashes, subMessageHashes, subMessageHashes, params)
+
+    def handle_ticker(self, client: Client, message):
+        #
+        #     {
+        #       "instrument_name": "ETHUSD-PERP",
+        #       "subscription": "ticker.ETHUSD-PERP",
+        #       "channel": "ticker",
+        #       "data": [
+        #         {
+        #           "h": "2400.20",
+        #           "l": "2277.10",
+        #           "a": "2335.25",
+        #           "c": "-0.0022",
+        #           "b": "2335.10",
+        #           "bs": "5.4000",
+        #           "k": "2335.16",
+        #           "ks": "1.9970",
+        #           "i": "ETHUSD-PERP",
+        #           "v": "1305697.6462",
+        #           "vv": "3058704939.17",
+        #           "oi": "161646.3614",
+        #           "t": 1726069647560
+        #         }
+        #       ]
+        #     }
+        #
+        self.handle_bid_ask(client, message)
+        messageHash = self.safe_string(message, 'subscription')
+        marketId = self.safe_string(message, 'instrument_name')
+        market = self.safe_market(marketId)
+        data = self.safe_value(message, 'data', [])
+        for i in range(0, len(data)):
+            ticker = data[i]
+            parsed = self.parse_ws_ticker(ticker, market)
+            symbol = parsed['symbol']
+            self.tickers[symbol] = parsed
+            client.resolve(parsed, messageHash)
+
+    def parse_ws_ticker(self, ticker: dict, market: Market = None) -> Ticker:
+        #
+        #     {
+        #       "h": "2400.20",
+        #       "l": "2277.10",
+        #       "a": "2335.25",
+        #       "c": "-0.0022",
+        #       "b": "2335.10",
+        #       "bs": "5.4000",
+        #       "k": "2335.16",
+        #       "ks": "1.9970",
+        #       "i": "ETHUSD-PERP",
+        #       "v": "1305697.6462",
+        #       "vv": "3058704939.17",
+        #       "oi": "161646.3614",
+        #       "t": 1726069647560
+        #     }
+        #
+        timestamp = self.safe_integer(ticker, 't')
+        marketId = self.safe_string(ticker, 'i')
+        market = self.safe_market(marketId, market, '_')
+        quote = self.safe_string(market, 'quote')
+        last = self.safe_string(ticker, 'a')
+        return self.safe_ticker({
+            'symbol': market['symbol'],
+            'timestamp': timestamp,
+            'datetime': self.iso8601(timestamp),
+            'high': self.safe_number(ticker, 'h'),
+            'low': self.safe_number(ticker, 'l'),
+            'bid': self.safe_number(ticker, 'b'),
+            'bidVolume': self.safe_number(ticker, 'bs'),
+            'ask': self.safe_number(ticker, 'k'),
+            'askVolume': self.safe_number(ticker, 'ks'),
+            'vwap': None,
+            'open': None,
+            'close': last,
+            'last': last,
+            'previousClose': None,
+            'change': None,
+            'percentage': self.safe_string(ticker, 'c'),
+            'average': None,
+            'baseVolume': self.safe_string(ticker, 'v'),
+            'quoteVolume': self.safe_string(ticker, 'vv') if (quote == 'USD') else None,
+            'info': ticker,
+        }, market)
+
+    async def watch_bids_asks(self, symbols: Strings = None, params={}) -> Tickers:
+        """
+
+        https://exchange-docs.crypto.com/exchange/v1/rest-ws/index.html#ticker-instrument_name
+
+        watches best bid & ask for symbols
+        :param str[] symbols: unified symbol of the market to fetch the ticker for
+        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
+        :returns dict: a `ticker structure <https://docs.ccxt.com/#/?id=ticker-structure>`
+        """
+        await self.load_markets()
+        symbols = self.market_symbols(symbols, None, False)
+        messageHashes = []
+        topics = []
+        marketIds = self.market_ids(symbols)
+        for i in range(0, len(marketIds)):
+            marketId = marketIds[i]
+            messageHashes.append('bidask.' + symbols[i])
+            topics.append('ticker.' + marketId)
+        url = self.urls['api']['ws']['public']
+        id = self.nonce()
+        request: dict = {
+            'method': 'subscribe',
+            'params': {
+                'channels': topics,
+            },
+            'nonce': id,
+        }
+        newTickers = await self.watch_multiple(url, messageHashes, self.extend(request, params), messageHashes)
+        if self.newUpdates:
+            tickers: dict = {}
+            tickers[newTickers['symbol']] = newTickers
+            return tickers
+        return self.filter_by_array(self.bidsasks, 'symbol', symbols)
+
+    def handle_bid_ask(self, client: Client, message):
+        data = self.safe_list(message, 'data', [])
+        ticker = self.safe_dict(data, 0, {})
+        parsedTicker = self.parse_ws_bid_ask(ticker)
+        symbol = parsedTicker['symbol']
+        self.bidsasks[symbol] = parsedTicker
+        messageHash = 'bidask.' + symbol
+        client.resolve(parsedTicker, messageHash)
+
+    def parse_ws_bid_ask(self, ticker, market=None):
+        marketId = self.safe_string(ticker, 'i')
+        market = self.safe_market(marketId, market)
+        symbol = self.safe_string(market, 'symbol')
+        timestamp = self.safe_integer(ticker, 't')
+        return self.safe_ticker({
+            'symbol': symbol,
+            'timestamp': timestamp,
+            'datetime': self.iso8601(timestamp),
+            'ask': self.safe_string(ticker, 'k'),
+            'askVolume': self.safe_string(ticker, 'ks'),
+            'bid': self.safe_string(ticker, 'b'),
+            'bidVolume': self.safe_string(ticker, 'bs'),
+            'info': ticker,
+        }, market)
+
+    async def watch_ohlcv(self, symbol: str, timeframe='1m', since: Int = None, limit: Int = None, params={}) -> List[list]:
+        """
+        watches historical candlestick data containing the open, high, low, and close price, and the volume of a market
+
+        https://exchange-docs.crypto.com/exchange/v1/rest-ws/index.html#candlestick-time_frame-instrument_name
+
+        :param str symbol: unified symbol of the market to fetch OHLCV data for
+        :param str timeframe: the length of time each candle represents
+        :param int [since]: timestamp in ms of the earliest candle to fetch
+        :param int [limit]: the maximum amount of candles to fetch
+        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
+        :returns int[][]: A list of candles ordered, open, high, low, close, volume
+        """
+        await self.load_markets()
+        market = self.market(symbol)
+        symbol = market['symbol']
+        interval = self.safe_string(self.timeframes, timeframe, timeframe)
+        messageHash = 'candlestick' + '.' + interval + '.' + market['id']
+        ohlcv = await self.watch_public(messageHash, params)
+        if self.newUpdates:
+            limit = ohlcv.getLimit(symbol, limit)
+        return self.filter_by_since_limit(ohlcv, since, limit, 0, True)
+
+    async def un_watch_ohlcv(self, symbol: str, timeframe='1m', params={}) -> Any:
+        """
+        unWatches historical candlestick data containing the open, high, low, and close price, and the volume of a market
+
+        https://exchange-docs.crypto.com/exchange/v1/rest-ws/index.html#candlestick-time_frame-instrument_name
+
+        :param str symbol: unified symbol of the market to fetch OHLCV data for
+        :param str timeframe: the length of time each candle represents
+        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
+        :returns int[][]: A list of candles ordered, open, high, low, close, volume
+        """
+        await self.load_markets()
+        market = self.market(symbol)
+        symbol = market['symbol']
+        interval = self.safe_string(self.timeframes, timeframe, timeframe)
+        subMessageHash = 'candlestick' + '.' + interval + '.' + market['id']
+        messageHash = 'unsubscribe:ohlcv:' + market['symbol'] + ':' + timeframe
+        subExtend = {
+            'symbolsAndTimeframes': [[market['symbol'], timeframe]],
+        }
+        return await self.un_watch_public_multiple('ohlcv', [market['symbol']], [messageHash], [subMessageHash], [subMessageHash], params, subExtend)
+
+    def handle_ohlcv(self, client: Client, message):
+        #
+        #  {
+        #       "instrument_name": "BTC_USDT",
+        #       "subscription": "candlestick.1m.BTC_USDT",
+        #       "channel": "candlestick",
+        #       "depth": 300,
+        #       "interval": "1m",
+        #       "data": [[Object]]
+        #   }
+        #
+        messageHash = self.safe_string(message, 'subscription')
+        marketId = self.safe_string(message, 'instrument_name')
+        market = self.safe_market(marketId)
+        symbol = market['symbol']
+        interval = self.safe_string(message, 'interval')
+        timeframe = self.find_timeframe(interval)
+        self.ohlcvs[symbol] = self.safe_value(self.ohlcvs, symbol, {})
+        stored = self.safe_value(self.ohlcvs[symbol], timeframe)
+        if stored is None:
+            limit = self.safe_integer(self.options, 'OHLCVLimit', 1000)
+            stored = ArrayCacheByTimestamp(limit)
+            self.ohlcvs[symbol][timeframe] = stored
+        data = self.safe_value(message, 'data')
+        for i in range(0, len(data)):
+            tick = data[i]
+            parsed = self.parse_ohlcv(tick, market)
+            stored.append(parsed)
+        client.resolve(stored, messageHash)
+
+    async def watch_orders(self, symbol: Str = None, since: Int = None, limit: Int = None, params={}) -> List[Order]:
+        """
+        watches information on multiple orders made by the user
+
+        https://exchange-docs.crypto.com/exchange/v1/rest-ws/index.html#user-order-instrument_name
+
+        :param str symbol: unified market symbol of the market orders were made in
+        :param int [since]: the earliest time in ms to fetch orders for
+        :param int [limit]: the maximum number of order structures to retrieve
+        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
+        :returns dict[]: a list of `order structures <https://docs.ccxt.com/#/?id=order-structure>`
+        """
+        await self.load_markets()
+        market = None
+        if symbol is not None:
+            market = self.market(symbol)
+            symbol = market['symbol']
+        messageHash = 'user.order'
+        messageHash = (messageHash + '.' + market['id']) if (market is not None) else messageHash
+        orders = await self.watch_private_subscribe(messageHash, params)
+        if self.newUpdates:
+            limit = orders.getLimit(symbol, limit)
+        return self.filter_by_symbol_since_limit(orders, symbol, since, limit, True)
+
+    def handle_orders(self, client: Client, message, subscription=None):
+        #
+        #    {
+        #        "method": "subscribe",
+        #        "result": {
+        #          "instrument_name": "ETH_CRO",
+        #          "subscription": "user.order.ETH_CRO",
+        #          "channel": "user.order",
+        #          "data": [
+        #            {
+        #              "status": "ACTIVE",
+        #              "side": "BUY",
+        #              "price": 1,
+        #              "quantity": 1,
+        #              "order_id": "366455245775097673",
+        #              "client_oid": "my_order_0002",
+        #              "create_time": 1588758017375,
+        #              "update_time": 1588758017411,
+        #              "type": "LIMIT",
+        #              "instrument_name": "ETH_CRO",
+        #              "cumulative_quantity": 0,
+        #              "cumulative_value": 0,
+        #              "avg_price": 0,
+        #              "fee_currency": "CRO",
+        #              "time_in_force":"GOOD_TILL_CANCEL"
+        #            }
+        #          ],
+        #          "channel": "user.order.ETH_CRO"
+        #        }
+        #    }
+        #
+        channel = self.safe_string(message, 'channel')
+        symbolSpecificMessageHash = self.safe_string(message, 'subscription')
+        orders = self.safe_value(message, 'data', [])
+        ordersLength = len(orders)
+        if ordersLength > 0:
+            if self.orders is None:
+                limit = self.safe_integer(self.options, 'ordersLimit', 1000)
+                self.orders = ArrayCacheBySymbolById(limit)
+            stored = self.orders
+            parsed = self.parse_orders(orders)
+            for i in range(0, len(parsed)):
+                stored.append(parsed[i])
+            client.resolve(stored, symbolSpecificMessageHash)
+            # non-symbol specific
+            client.resolve(stored, channel)  # channel might have a symbol-specific suffix
+            client.resolve(stored, 'user.order')
+
+    async def watch_positions(self, symbols: Strings = None, since: Int = None, limit: Int = None, params={}) -> List[Position]:
+        """
+        watch all open positions
+
+        https://exchange-docs.crypto.com/exchange/v1/rest-ws/index.html#user-position_balance
+
+        :param str[] [symbols]: list of unified market symbols to watch positions for
+        :param int [since]: the earliest time in ms to fetch positions for
+        :param int [limit]: the maximum number of positions to retrieve
+        :param dict params: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
+        :returns dict[]: a list of `position structure <https://docs.ccxt.com/en/latest/manual.html#position-structure>`
+        """
+        await self.load_markets()
+        await self.authenticate()
+        url = self.urls['api']['ws']['private']
+        id = self.nonce()
+        request: dict = {
+            'method': 'subscribe',
+            'params': {
+                'channels': ['user.position_balance'],
+            },
+            'nonce': id,
+        }
+        messageHash = 'positions'
+        symbols = self.market_symbols(symbols)
+        if not self.is_empty(symbols):
+            messageHash = '::' + ','.join(symbols)
+        client = self.client(url)
+        self.set_positions_cache(client, symbols)
+        fetchPositionsSnapshot = self.handle_option('watchPositions', 'fetchPositionsSnapshot', True)
+        awaitPositionsSnapshot = self.handle_option('watchPositions', 'awaitPositionsSnapshot', True)
+        if fetchPositionsSnapshot and awaitPositionsSnapshot and self.positions is None:
+            snapshot = await client.future('fetchPositionsSnapshot')
+            return self.filter_by_symbols_since_limit(snapshot, symbols, since, limit, True)
+        newPositions = await self.watch(url, messageHash, self.extend(request, params))
+        if self.newUpdates:
+            return newPositions
+        return self.filter_by_symbols_since_limit(self.positions, symbols, since, limit, True)
+
+    def set_positions_cache(self, client: Client, type, symbols: Strings = None):
+        fetchPositionsSnapshot = self.handle_option('watchPositions', 'fetchPositionsSnapshot', False)
+        if fetchPositionsSnapshot:
+            messageHash = 'fetchPositionsSnapshot'
+            if not (messageHash in client.futures):
+                client.future(messageHash)
+                self.spawn(self.load_positions_snapshot, client, messageHash)
+        else:
+            self.positions = ArrayCacheBySymbolBySide()
+
+    async def load_positions_snapshot(self, client, messageHash):
+        positions = await self.fetch_positions()
+        self.positions = ArrayCacheBySymbolBySide()
+        cache = self.positions
+        for i in range(0, len(positions)):
+            position = positions[i]
+            contracts = self.safe_number(position, 'contracts', 0)
+            if contracts > 0:
+                cache.append(position)
+        # don't remove the future from the .futures cache
+        future = client.futures[messageHash]
+        future.resolve(cache)
+        client.resolve(cache, 'positions')
+
+    def handle_positions(self, client, message):
+        #
+        #    {
+        #        "subscription": "user.position_balance",
+        #        "channel": "user.position_balance",
+        #        "data": [{
+        #            "balances": [{
+        #                "instrument_name": "USD",
+        #                "quantity": "8.9979961950886",
+        #                "update_timestamp_ms": 1695598760597,
+        #            }],
+        #            "positions": [{
+        #                "account_id": "96a0edb1-afb5-4c7c-af89-5cb610319e2c",
+        #                "instrument_name": "LTCUSD-PERP",
+        #                "type": "PERPETUAL_SWAP",
+        #                "quantity": "1.8",
+        #                "cost": "114.766",
+        #                "open_position_pnl": "-0.0216206",
+        #                "session_pnl": "0.00962994",
+        #                "update_timestamp_ms": 1695598760597,
+        #                "open_pos_cost": "114.766",
+        #            }],
+        #        }],
+        #    }
+        #
+        # each account is connected to a different endpoint
+        # and has exactly one subscriptionhash which is the account type
+        data = self.safe_value(message, 'data', [])
+        firstData = self.safe_value(data, 0, {})
+        rawPositions = self.safe_value(firstData, 'positions', [])
+        if self.positions is None:
+            self.positions = ArrayCacheBySymbolBySide()
+        cache = self.positions
+        newPositions = []
+        for i in range(0, len(rawPositions)):
+            rawPosition = rawPositions[i]
+            position = self.parse_position(rawPosition)
+            newPositions.append(position)
+            cache.append(position)
+        messageHashes = self.find_message_hashes(client, 'positions::')
+        for i in range(0, len(messageHashes)):
+            messageHash = messageHashes[i]
+            parts = messageHash.split('::')
+            symbolsString = parts[1]
+            symbols = symbolsString.split(',')
+            positions = self.filter_by_array(newPositions, 'symbol', symbols, False)
+            if not self.is_empty(positions):
+                client.resolve(positions, messageHash)
+        client.resolve(newPositions, 'positions')
+
+    async def watch_balance(self, params={}) -> Balances:
+        """
+        watch balance and get the amount of funds available for trading or funds locked in orders
+
+        https://exchange-docs.crypto.com/exchange/v1/rest-ws/index.html#user-balance
+
+        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
+        :returns dict: a `balance structure <https://docs.ccxt.com/#/?id=balance-structure>`
+        """
+        messageHash = 'user.balance'
+        return await self.watch_private_subscribe(messageHash, params)
+
+    def handle_balance(self, client: Client, message):
+        #
+        #     {
+        #         "id": 1,
+        #         "method": "subscribe",
+        #         "code": 0,
+        #         "result": {
+        #             "subscription": "user.balance",
+        #             "channel": "user.balance",
+        #             "data": [
+        #                 {
+        #                     "total_available_balance": "5.84684368",
+        #                     "total_margin_balance": "5.84684368",
+        #                     "total_initial_margin": "0",
+        #                     "total_maintenance_margin": "0",
+        #                     "total_position_cost": "0",
+        #                     "total_cash_balance": "6.44412101",
+        #                     "total_collateral_value": "5.846843685",
+        #                     "total_session_unrealized_pnl": "0",
+        #                     "instrument_name": "USD",
+        #                     "total_session_realized_pnl": "0",
+        #                     "position_balances": [
+        #                         {
+        #                             "quantity": "0.0002119875",
+        #                             "reserved_qty": "0",
+        #                             "collateral_weight": "0.9",
+        #                             "collateral_amount": "5.37549592",
+        #                             "market_value": "5.97277325",
+        #                             "max_withdrawal_balance": "0.00021198",
+        #                             "instrument_name": "BTC",
+        #                             "hourly_interest_rate": "0"
+        #                         },
+        #                     ],
+        #                     "total_effective_leverage": "0",
+        #                     "position_limit": "3000000",
+        #                     "used_position_limit": "0",
+        #                     "total_borrow": "0",
+        #                     "margin_score": "0",
+        #                     "is_liquidating": False,
+        #                     "has_risk": False,
+        #                     "terminatable": True
+        #                 }
+        #             ]
+        #         }
+        #     }
+        #
+        messageHash = self.safe_string(message, 'subscription')
+        data = self.safe_value(message, 'data', [])
+        positionBalances = self.safe_value(data[0], 'position_balances', [])
+        self.balance['info'] = data
+        for i in range(0, len(positionBalances)):
+            balance = positionBalances[i]
+            currencyId = self.safe_string(balance, 'instrument_name')
+            code = self.safe_currency_code(currencyId)
+            account = self.account()
+            account['total'] = self.safe_string(balance, 'quantity')
+            account['used'] = self.safe_string(balance, 'reserved_qty')
+            self.balance[code] = account
+            self.balance = self.safe_balance(self.balance)
+        client.resolve(self.balance, messageHash)
+        messageHashRequest = self.safe_string(message, 'id')
+        client.resolve(self.balance, messageHashRequest)
+
+    async def create_order_ws(self, symbol: str, type: OrderType, side: OrderSide, amount: float, price: Num = None, params={}) -> Order:
+        """
+
+        https://exchange-docs.crypto.com/exchange/v1/rest-ws/index.html#private-create-order
+
+        create a trade order
+        :param str symbol: unified symbol of the market to create an order in
+        :param str type: 'market' or 'limit'
+        :param str side: 'buy' or 'sell'
+        :param float amount: how much of currency you want to trade in units of base currency
+        :param float [price]: the price at which the order is to be fulfilled, in units of the quote currency, ignored in market orders
+        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
+        :returns dict: an `order structure <https://docs.ccxt.com/#/?id=order-structure>`
+        """
+        await self.load_markets()
+        params = self.create_order_request(symbol, type, side, amount, price, params)
+        request: dict = {
+            'method': 'private/create-order',
+            'params': params,
+        }
+        messageHash = self.nonce()
+        return await self.watch_private_request(messageHash, request)
+
+    def handle_order(self, client: Client, message):
+        #
+        #    {
+        #        "id": 1,
+        #        "method": "private/create-order",
+        #        "code": 0,
+        #        "result": {
+        #            "client_oid": "c5f682ed-7108-4f1c-b755-972fcdca0f02",
+        #            "order_id": "18342311"
+        #        }
+        #    }
+        #
+        messageHash = self.safe_string(message, 'id')
+        rawOrder = self.safe_value(message, 'result', {})
+        order = self.parse_order(rawOrder)
+        client.resolve(order, messageHash)
+
+    async def cancel_order_ws(self, id: str, symbol: Str = None, params={}) -> Order:
+        """
+        cancels an open order
+
+        https://exchange-docs.crypto.com/exchange/v1/rest-ws/index.html#private-cancel-order
+
+        :param str id: the order id of the order to cancel
+        :param str [symbol]: unified symbol of the market the order was made in
+        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
+        :returns dict: An `order structure <https://docs.ccxt.com/#/?id=order-structure>`
+        """
+        await self.load_markets()
+        params = self.extend({
+            'order_id': id,
+        }, params)
+        request: dict = {
+            'method': 'private/cancel-order',
+            'params': params,
+        }
+        messageHash = self.nonce()
+        return await self.watch_private_request(messageHash, request)
+
+    async def cancel_all_orders_ws(self, symbol: Str = None, params={}):
+        """
+        cancel all open orders
+
+        https://exchange-docs.crypto.com/exchange/v1/rest-ws/index.html#private-cancel-all-orders
+
+        :param str symbol: unified market symbol of the orders to cancel
+        :param dict [params]: extra parameters specific to the exchange API endpoint
+        :returns dict} Returns exchange raw message {@link https://docs.ccxt.com/#/?id=order-structure:
+        """
+        await self.load_markets()
+        market = None
+        request: dict = {
+            'method': 'private/cancel-all-orders',
+            'params': self.extend({}, params),
+        }
+        if symbol is not None:
+            market = self.market(symbol)
+            request['params']['instrument_name'] = market['id']
+        messageHash = self.nonce()
+        return await self.watch_private_request(messageHash, request)
+
+    def handle_cancel_all_orders(self, client: Client, message):
+        #
+        #    {
+        #        "id": 1688914586647,
+        #        "method": "private/cancel-all-orders",
+        #        "code": 0
+        #    }
+        #
+        messageHash = self.safe_string(message, 'id')
+        client.resolve(message, messageHash)
+
+    async def watch_public(self, messageHash, params={}):
+        url = self.urls['api']['ws']['public']
+        id = self.nonce()
+        request: dict = {
+            'method': 'subscribe',
+            'params': {
+                'channels': [messageHash],
+            },
+            'nonce': id,
+        }
+        message = self.extend(request, params)
+        return await self.watch(url, messageHash, message, messageHash)
+
+    async def watch_public_multiple(self, messageHashes, topics, params={}):
+        url = self.urls['api']['ws']['public']
+        id = self.nonce()
+        request: dict = {
+            'method': 'subscribe',
+            'params': {
+                'channels': topics,
+            },
+            'nonce': id,
+        }
+        message = self.deep_extend(request, params)
+        return await self.watch_multiple(url, messageHashes, message, messageHashes)
+
+    async def un_watch_public_multiple(self, topic: str, symbols: List[str], messageHashes: List[str], subMessageHashes: List[str], topics: List[str], params={}, subExtend={}):
+        url = self.urls['api']['ws']['public']
+        id = self.nonce()
+        request: dict = {
+            'method': 'unsubscribe',
+            'params': {
+                'channels': topics,
+            },
+            'nonce': id,
+            'id': str(id),
+        }
+        subscription = {
+            'id': str(id),
+            'topic': topic,
+            'symbols': symbols,
+            'subMessageHashes': subMessageHashes,
+            'messageHashes': messageHashes,
+        }
+        message = self.deep_extend(request, params)
+        return await self.watch_multiple(url, messageHashes, message, messageHashes, self.extend(subscription, subExtend))
+
+    async def watch_private_request(self, nonce, params={}):
+        await self.authenticate()
+        url = self.urls['api']['ws']['private']
+        request: dict = {
+            'id': nonce,
+            'nonce': nonce,
+        }
+        message = self.extend(request, params)
+        return await self.watch(url, str(nonce), message, True)
+
+    async def watch_private_subscribe(self, messageHash, params={}):
+        await self.authenticate()
+        url = self.urls['api']['ws']['private']
+        id = self.nonce()
+        request: dict = {
+            'method': 'subscribe',
+            'params': {
+                'channels': [messageHash],
+            },
+            'nonce': id,
+        }
+        message = self.extend(request, params)
+        return await self.watch(url, messageHash, message, messageHash)
+
+    def handle_error_message(self, client: Client, message):
+        #
+        #    {
+        #        "id": 0,
+        #        "code": 10004,
+        #        "method": "subscribe",
+        #        "message": "invalid channel {"channels":["trade.BTCUSD-PERP"]}"
+        #    }
+        #
+        id = self.safe_string(message, 'id')
+        errorCode = self.safe_string(message, 'code')
+        try:
+            if errorCode and errorCode != '0':
+                feedback = self.id + ' ' + self.json(message)
+                self.throw_exactly_matched_exception(self.exceptions['exact'], errorCode, feedback)
+                messageString = self.safe_value(message, 'message')
+                if messageString is not None:
+                    self.throw_broadly_matched_exception(self.exceptions['broad'], messageString, feedback)
+                raise ExchangeError(feedback)
+            return False
+        except Exception as e:
+            if isinstance(e, AuthenticationError):
+                messageHash = 'authenticated'
+                client.reject(e, messageHash)
+                if messageHash in client.subscriptions:
+                    del client.subscriptions[messageHash]
+            else:
+                client.reject(e, id)
+            return True
+
+    def handle_subscribe(self, client: Client, message):
+        methods: dict = {
+            'candlestick': self.handle_ohlcv,
+            'ticker': self.handle_ticker,
+            'trade': self.handle_trades,
+            'book': self.handle_order_book,
+            'book.update': self.handle_order_book,
+            'user.order': self.handle_orders,
+            'user.trade': self.handle_trades,
+            'user.balance': self.handle_balance,
+            'user.position_balance': self.handle_positions,
+        }
+        result = self.safe_value_2(message, 'result', 'info')
+        channel = self.safe_string(result, 'channel')
+        if (channel is not None) and channel.find('user.trade') > -1:
+            # channel might be user.trade.BTC_USDT
+            self.handle_trades(client, result)
+        if (channel is not None) and channel.startswith('user.order'):
+            # channel might be user.order.BTC_USDT
+            self.handle_orders(client, result)
+        method = self.safe_value(methods, channel)
+        if method is not None:
+            method(client, result)
+
+    def handle_message(self, client: Client, message):
+        #
+        # ping
+        #    {
+        #        "id": 1587523073344,
+        #        "method": "public/heartbeat",
+        #        "code": 0
+        #    }
+        # auth
+        #     {id: 1648132625434, method: "public/auth", code: 0}
+        # ohlcv
+        #    {
+        #        "code": 0,
+        #        "method": "subscribe",
+        #        "result": {
+        #          "instrument_name": "BTC_USDT",
+        #          "subscription": "candlestick.1m.BTC_USDT",
+        #          "channel": "candlestick",
+        #          "depth": 300,
+        #          "interval": "1m",
+        #          "data": [[Object]]
+        #        }
+        #      }
+        # ticker
+        #    {
+        #        "info":{
+        #           "instrument_name":"BTC_USDT",
+        #           "subscription":"ticker.BTC_USDT",
+        #           "channel":"ticker",
+        #           "data":[{}]
+        #
+        # handle unsubscribe
+        # {"id":1725448572836,"method":"unsubscribe","code":0}
+        #
+        if self.handle_error_message(client, message):
+            return
+        method = self.safe_string(message, 'method')
+        methods: dict = {
+            '': self.handle_ping,
+            'public/heartbeat': self.handle_ping,
+            'public/auth': self.handle_authenticate,
+            'private/create-order': self.handle_order,
+            'private/cancel-order': self.handle_order,
+            'private/cancel-all-orders': self.handle_cancel_all_orders,
+            'private/close-position': self.handle_order,
+            'subscribe': self.handle_subscribe,
+            'unsubscribe': self.handle_unsubscribe,
+        }
+        callMethod = self.safe_value(methods, method)
+        if callMethod is not None:
+            callMethod(client, message)
+
+    async def authenticate(self, params={}):
+        self.check_required_credentials()
+        url = self.urls['api']['ws']['private']
+        client = self.client(url)
+        messageHash = 'authenticated'
+        future = client.future(messageHash)
+        authenticated = self.safe_value(client.subscriptions, messageHash)
+        if authenticated is None:
+            method = 'public/auth'
+            nonce = str(self.nonce())
+            auth = method + nonce + self.apiKey + nonce
+            signature = self.hmac(self.encode(auth), self.encode(self.secret), hashlib.sha256)
+            request: dict = {
+                'id': nonce,
+                'nonce': nonce,
+                'method': method,
+                'api_key': self.apiKey,
+                'sig': signature,
+            }
+            message = self.extend(request, params)
+            self.watch(url, messageHash, message, messageHash)
+        return await future
+
+    def handle_ping(self, client: Client, message):
+        self.spawn(self.pong, client, message)
+
+    def handle_authenticate(self, client: Client, message):
+        #
+        #  {id: 1648132625434, method: "public/auth", code: 0}
+        #
+        future = self.safe_value(client.futures, 'authenticated')
+        future.resolve(True)
+
+    def handle_unsubscribe(self, client: Client, message):
+        id = self.safe_string(message, 'id')
+        keys = list(client.subscriptions.keys())
+        for i in range(0, len(keys)):
+            messageHash = keys[i]
+            if not (messageHash in client.subscriptions):
+                continue
+                # the previous iteration can have deleted the messageHash from the subscriptions
+            if messageHash.startswith('unsubscribe'):
+                subscription = client.subscriptions[messageHash]
+                subId = self.safe_string(subscription, 'id')
+                if id != subId:
+                    continue
+                messageHashes = self.safe_list(subscription, 'messageHashes', [])
+                subMessageHashes = self.safe_list(subscription, 'subMessageHashes', [])
+                for j in range(0, len(messageHashes)):
+                    unsubHash = messageHashes[j]
+                    subHash = subMessageHashes[j]
+                    self.clean_unsubscription(client, subHash, unsubHash)
+                self.clean_cache(subscription)