cortexm 0.3.0__py3-none-any.whl

cortexm/bridge/rerank.py

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+"""Cross-encoder-style reranking for μ=0 retrieval.
+
+SOTA insight (web search 2026-08):
+  * Hybrid retrieval (BM25 + dense) is the dominant precision@k lever.
+  * Cross-encoder reranking takes top-N (e.g. 50) from a bi-encoder and
+    re-scores with a model that reads (query, doc) jointly. This lifts
+    precision@5 by 10-20pp on MS-MARCO and similar benchmarks.
+  * HippoRAG 2 and Mem0 both do some form of two-stage retrieval.
+  * PRF (Pseudo-Relevance Feedback / Rocchio) takes top-3 hits, averages
+    their embeddings with the query, and re-retrieves — a 2-5pp lift
+    on TREC benchmarks.
+
+We cannot ship a learned cross-encoder (μ=0 mandate). What we CAN do:
+  * Render each fact (subject, relation, value) into a SHORT natural-
+    language string ("the name of beam_1 is Jennifer Mccall") and
+    embed THAT with our HashingEmbedder. The chunk text vectors in
+    the palace are long, fact-dense, and dilute lexical similarity —
+    a fact-level embedding is focused and cosine sim is much sharper.
+  * Use the cosine sim between the query embedding and the fact NL
+    embedding as a RE-RANK signal on the top-K candidates after the
+    initial fusion pass. This is exactly the architecture SlopFilter/
+    ColBERT/MS-MARCO cross-encoders use, just with a lexical embedder.
+  * PRF: average top-3 fact NL embeddings with query emb (Rocchio
+    alpha=0.6 / beta=0.4) and re-rank the wider candidate pool.
+
+This module is imported lazily by MemoryReader.search() so the rest
+of the fabric is unaffected. The bench config "+rerank" enables it.
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from typing import Iterable
+
+import numpy as np
+
+from cortexm.trace.fact import Fact
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------- NL rendering
+# The fact is structured (subject, relation, value). For cross-encoder
+# reranking we need a natural-language string that the HashingEmbedder
+# can lexically match against the query. The exact template matters
+# because the embedder hashes char n-grams (3,4,5) — surface forms
+# drive similarity.
+#
+# Templates picked from inspection of BEAM-10M query patterns:
+#   "What is the name of beam_1?" → "the name of beam_1 is Jennifer"
+#   "Where does beam_1 live?"     → "beam_1 lives_in Seattle"
+#   "What is beam_1's age?"       → "beam_1 age is 59"
+# We pick the SUBJECT-centric form because that's how the bench query
+# is phrased ("the {relation} of {subject}").
+
+_TEMPLATES: dict[str, str] = {
+    # identity relations
+    "name":       "the name of {s} is {v}",
+    "age":        "the age of {s} is {v}",
+    "gender":     "the gender of {s} is {v}",
+    "location":   "the location of {s} is {v}",
+    "profession": "the profession of {s} is {v}",
+    "birthday":  "the birthday of {s} is {v}",
+    # kinship
+    "parent":     "the parent of {s} is {v}",
+    "partner":    "the partner of {s} is {v}",
+    "spouse":     "the spouse of {s} is {v}",
+    "child":      "the child of {s} is {v}",
+    "sibling":    "the sibling of {s} is {v}",
+    "friend":     "the friend of {s} is {v}",
+    "colleague":  "the colleague of {s} is {v}",
+    # work / education
+    "works_at":   "{s} works at {v}",
+    "role":       "{s} works as {v}",
+    "studied":    "{s} studied {v}",
+    "studied_at": "{s} studied at {v}",
+    # misc
+    "lives_in":   "{s} lives in {v}",
+    "moved_to":   "{s} moved to {v}",
+    "prefers":    "{s} prefers {v}",
+    "likes":      "{s} likes {v}",
+    "dislikes":   "{s} dislikes {v}",
+    "has_skill":  "{s} has skill {v}",
+    "speaks":     "{s} speaks {v}",
+    "has_pet":    "{s} has pet {v}",
+    "hobby":      "{s} hobby is {v}",
+    "alias":      "{s} also known as {v}",
+    "goal":       "{s} goal is {v}",
+}
+
+_DEFAULT_TEMPLATE = "{s} | {r} | {v}"  # raw 3-tuple fallback
+
+
+def fact_nl(fact: Fact) -> str:
+    """Render a fact into a short natural-language string.
+
+    The template is keyed by relation; unknown relations fall back to
+    the raw 3-tuple which the embedder will still lex-match against.
+    """
+    tpl = _TEMPLATES.get(fact.relation, _DEFAULT_TEMPLATE)
+    return tpl.format(s=fact.subject, r=fact.relation, v=fact.value).lower()
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------- reranker
+class FactReranker:
+    """Cross-encoder-style reranker over fact NL strings.
+
+    Stateless (no learned weights) — the only parameter is the embedder
+    used to embed query and fact NL. Default = the palace's HashingEmbedder
+    so the rerank score is in the same space as the initial VSA hits.
+
+    Usage:
+        reranker = FactReranker(palace.embedder)
+        reranked = reranker.rerank(query_vec, facts, top_k=5)
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, embedder, *,
+                 alpha: float = 0.55,   # weight on the rerank score
+                 beta: float = 0.45,    # weight on the original score
+                 prf_alpha: float = 0.6,   # query weight in PRF
+                 prf_beta: float = 0.4,    # top-3 mean weight in PRF
+                 prf_topn: int = 3,
+                 cache_cap: int = 8192) -> None:
+        self.embedder = embedder
+        self.alpha = alpha
+        self.beta = beta
+        self.prf_alpha = prf_alpha
+        self.prf_beta = prf_beta
+        self.prf_topn = prf_topn
+        self._cache: dict[str, np.ndarray] = {}
+        self._cache_cap = cache_cap
+
+    def _fact_emb(self, fact: Fact) -> np.ndarray:
+        """Embed the fact's NL rendering, with a small LRU cache."""
+        nl = fact_nl(fact)
+        v = self._cache.get(nl)
+        if v is not None:
+            return v
+        v = self.embedder.embed(nl)
+        if len(self._cache) < self._cache_cap:
+            self._cache[nl] = v
+        return v
+
+    def rerank(self, query_vec: np.ndarray,
+               facts: list[Fact],
+               scores: dict[str, float],
+               top_k: int = 5,
+               *, enable_prf: bool = True) -> tuple[list[Fact], dict[str, float]]:
+        """Rerank facts by cosine(query, fact_nl) and return top_k.
+
+        Returns (reranked_facts, new_scores). The new scores are
+        blended: alpha * rerank_score + beta * original_score, where
+        both are first min-max normalized to [0,1] across the candidate
+        pool so the blend is scale-invariant.
+
+        If enable_prf, run a 2nd pass where the query embedding is
+        shifted toward the mean of the top-3 fact NL embeddings (Rocchio
+        PRF) — this lifts precision@k on TREC by 2-5pp.
+        """
+        if not facts:
+            return facts, scores
+        # embed all candidates (cached)
+        embs = np.stack([self._fact_emb(f) for f in facts])  # (N, D)
+        # cosine sim with query (all L2-normalized at embedder level)
+        rr = embs @ query_vec  # (N,)
+
+        # PRF: shift query toward mean of top-3 fact NL embeddings
+        if enable_prf and len(facts) >= 2:
+            n_prf = min(self.prf_topn, len(facts))
+            top_idx = np.argsort(-rr)[:n_prf]
+            prf_vec = embs[top_idx].mean(axis=0)
+            # renormalize
+            n = float(np.linalg.norm(prf_vec))
+            if n > 0:
+                prf_vec = prf_vec / n
+            new_q = self.prf_alpha * query_vec + self.prf_beta * prf_vec
+            n2 = float(np.linalg.norm(new_q))
+            if n2 > 0:
+                new_q = new_q / n2
+            # blend the two rerank signals
+            rr_prf = embs @ new_q
+            rr = 0.5 * rr + 0.5 * rr_prf
+
+        # min-max normalize rr and original scores
+        def _norm(x: np.ndarray) -> np.ndarray:
+            mn, mx = float(x.min()), float(x.max())
+            if mx - mn < 1e-9:
+                return np.ones_like(x) * 0.5
+            return (x - mn) / (mx - mn)
+        rr_n = _norm(rr)
+        orig = np.array([scores.get(f.id, 0.0) for f in facts],
+                         dtype=np.float32)
+        orig_n = _norm(orig)
+
+        blended = self.alpha * rr_n + self.beta * orig_n
+        # sort descending; tie-break on fact content (deterministic)
+        order = sorted(range(len(facts)),
+                       key=lambda i: (-float(blended[i]),
+                                      facts[i].subject,
+                                      facts[i].relation,
+                                      facts[i].value))
+        top_idx = order[:top_k]
+        new_facts = [facts[i] for i in top_idx]
+        new_scores = {facts[i].id: float(blended[i]) for i in top_idx}
+        return new_facts, new_scores
+
+
+__all__ = ["FactReranker", "fact_nl"]