claude-mpm 4.20.3__py3-none-any.whl → 4.25.10__py3-none-any.whl

claude_mpm/skills/bundled/tauri/tauri-state-management.md

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+---
+name: tauri-state-management
+description: Advanced state management in Tauri using Arc, Mutex, RwLock, DashMap for concurrent access patterns and complex state architectures
+version: 1.0.0
+category: development
+author: Claude MPM Team
+license: MIT
+progressive_disclosure:
+  entry_point:
+    summary: "Advanced Tauri state patterns: Arc/Mutex, RwLock for read-heavy, DashMap for lock-free maps, multi-state management"
+    when_to_use: "When managing complex shared state, high-concurrency scenarios, or multiple independent state containers"
+    quick_start: "1. Choose container (Mutex/RwLock/DashMap) 2. Define state struct 3. Register with .manage() 4. Access via State<'_, T>"
+context_limit: 600
+tags:
+  - tauri
+  - state
+  - concurrency
+  - arc
+  - mutex
+  - rwlock
+  - dashmap
+requires_tools: []
+---
+
+# Tauri Advanced State Management
+
+## State Container Patterns
+
+### Arc<Mutex<T>> - Basic Exclusive Access
+
+Best for: Infrequent writes, occasional reads, simple synchronization
+
+```rust
+use std::sync::Arc;
+use tokio::sync::Mutex;
+
+pub struct AppState {
+    pub database: Arc<Mutex<Database>>,
+    pub config: Arc<Mutex<Config>>,
+}
+
+impl AppState {
+    pub fn new() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            database: Arc::new(Mutex::new(Database::new())),
+            config: Arc::new(Mutex::new(Config::default())),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[tauri::command]
+async fn update_config(
+    key: String,
+    value: String,
+    state: tauri::State<'_, AppState>,
+) -> Result<(), String> {
+    let mut config = state.config.lock().await;
+    config.set(&key, value);
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[tauri::command]
+async fn get_config_value(
+    key: String,
+    state: tauri::State<'_, AppState>,
+) -> Result<Option<String>, String> {
+    let config = state.config.lock().await;
+    Ok(config.get(&key).cloned())
+}
+```
+
+**Key Points**:
+- `Arc` enables shared ownership across async tasks
+- `Mutex` provides exclusive access (one writer OR one reader at a time)
+- Use tokio's `Mutex` (not std) for async contexts
+- Always `.await` on lock acquisition
+
+### Arc<RwLock<T>> - Read-Heavy Workloads
+
+Best for: Frequent reads, rare writes, read-dominant patterns
+
+```rust
+use std::sync::Arc;
+use tokio::sync::RwLock;
+
+pub struct CacheState {
+    pub cache: Arc<RwLock<HashMap<String, CachedData>>>,
+    pub stats: Arc<RwLock<CacheStats>>,
+}
+
+#[tauri::command]
+async fn get_cached_data(
+    key: String,
+    state: tauri::State<'_, CacheState>,
+) -> Result<Option<CachedData>, String> {
+    // Read lock - multiple concurrent readers allowed
+    let cache = state.cache.read().await;
+    Ok(cache.get(&key).cloned())
+}
+
+#[tauri::command]
+async fn update_cache(
+    key: String,
+    data: CachedData,
+    state: tauri::State<'_, CacheState>,
+) -> Result<(), String> {
+    // Write lock - exclusive access
+    let mut cache = state.cache.write().await;
+    cache.insert(key, data);
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[tauri::command]
+async fn get_stats(
+    state: tauri::State<'_, CacheState>,
+) -> Result<CacheStats, String> {
+    // Read lock doesn't block other readers
+    let stats = state.stats.read().await;
+    Ok(stats.clone())
+}
+```
+
+**Key Points**:
+- `read()` allows multiple concurrent readers
+- `write()` requires exclusive access
+- Perfect for caches, configuration, read-heavy data
+- Readers don't block other readers
+
+### Arc<DashMap<K, V>> - Lock-Free Concurrent Map
+
+Best for: High-concurrency, frequent map operations, no lock contention
+
+```rust
+use std::sync::Arc;
+use dashmap::DashMap;
+
+pub struct SessionState {
+    pub sessions: Arc<DashMap<String, Session>>,
+    pub active_connections: Arc<DashMap<String, Connection>>,
+}
+
+impl SessionState {
+    pub fn new() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            sessions: Arc::new(DashMap::new()),
+            active_connections: Arc::new(DashMap::new()),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[tauri::command]
+async fn create_session(
+    session_id: String,
+    state: tauri::State<'_, SessionState>,
+) -> Result<(), String> {
+    // No explicit locking needed
+    state.sessions.insert(
+        session_id.clone(),
+        Session::new(session_id)
+    );
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[tauri::command]
+async fn get_session(
+    session_id: String,
+    state: tauri::State<'_, SessionState>,
+) -> Result<Option<Session>, String> {
+    // Returns Option without holding lock
+    Ok(state.sessions.get(&session_id)
+        .map(|entry| entry.value().clone()))
+}
+
+#[tauri::command]
+async fn remove_session(
+    session_id: String,
+    state: tauri::State<'_, SessionState>,
+) -> Result<(), String> {
+    state.sessions.remove(&session_id);
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[tauri::command]
+async fn list_active_sessions(
+    state: tauri::State<'_, SessionState>,
+) -> Result<Vec<String>, String> {
+    // Iterate without holding global lock
+    Ok(state.sessions.iter()
+        .map(|entry| entry.key().clone())
+        .collect())
+}
+```
+
+**Key Points**:
+- No explicit `.lock()` needed
+- Lock-free concurrent operations
+- Better performance under high concurrency
+- Use for session management, caches, registries
+
+**Add to Cargo.toml**:
+```toml
+[dependencies]
+dashmap = "6.0"
+```
+
+## Complex State Architectures
+
+### Multi-State Pattern
+
+```rust
+// Separate concerns into different state containers
+pub struct DatabaseState {
+    pub pool: Arc<Mutex<DbPool>>,
+    pub migrations: Arc<Mutex<MigrationTracker>>,
+}
+
+pub struct UIState {
+    pub theme: Arc<RwLock<Theme>>,
+    pub preferences: Arc<RwLock<Preferences>>,
+    pub window_states: Arc<DashMap<String, WindowState>>,
+}
+
+pub struct AuthState {
+    pub sessions: Arc<DashMap<String, Session>>,
+    pub tokens: Arc<RwLock<TokenManager>>,
+}
+
+// Register all states
+fn main() {
+    tauri::Builder::default()
+        .manage(DatabaseState::new())
+        .manage(UIState::new())
+        .manage(AuthState::new())
+        .invoke_handler(tauri::generate_handler![
+            /* commands */
+        ])
+        .run(tauri::generate_context!())
+        .expect("error while running tauri application");
+}
+
+// Access multiple states in one command
+#[tauri::command]
+async fn authenticated_query(
+    query: String,
+    session_id: String,
+    db_state: tauri::State<'_, DatabaseState>,
+    auth_state: tauri::State<'_, AuthState>,
+) -> Result<Vec<Row>, String> {
+    // Validate session
+    let session = auth_state.sessions.get(&session_id)
+        .ok_or("Invalid session")?;
+
+    // Execute query
+    let pool = db_state.pool.lock().await;
+    pool.query(&query).await
+        .map_err(|e| e.to_string())
+}
+```
+
+### Nested State with Interior Mutability
+
+```rust
+use std::sync::Arc;
+use tokio::sync::RwLock;
+
+pub struct User {
+    pub id: String,
+    pub name: String,
+    pub last_active: Arc<RwLock<SystemTime>>,
+}
+
+pub struct AppState {
+    pub users: Arc<DashMap<String, User>>,
+}
+
+#[tauri::command]
+async fn update_user_activity(
+    user_id: String,
+    state: tauri::State<'_, AppState>,
+) -> Result<(), String> {
+    // Get user from DashMap
+    if let Some(user_entry) = state.users.get(&user_id) {
+        // Update nested RwLock without locking entire map
+        let mut last_active = user_entry.last_active.write().await;
+        *last_active = SystemTime::now();
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}
+```
+
+## Advanced Patterns
+
+### State with Cleanup
+
+```rust
+pub struct ResourceState {
+    pub connections: Arc<DashMap<String, Connection>>,
+}
+
+impl ResourceState {
+    pub async fn cleanup_expired(&self) {
+        let now = SystemTime::now();
+        self.connections.retain(|_k, v| {
+            !v.is_expired(now)
+        });
+    }
+}
+
+// Background cleanup task
+#[tauri::command]
+async fn start_cleanup_task(
+    state: tauri::State<'_, ResourceState>,
+) -> Result<(), String> {
+    let state_clone = state.inner().clone();
+
+    tokio::spawn(async move {
+        loop {
+            tokio::time::sleep(Duration::from_secs(60)).await;
+            state_clone.cleanup_expired().await;
+        }
+    });
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+```
+
+### State Initialization with Dependencies
+
+```rust
+pub struct AppState {
+    pub db: Arc<Mutex<Database>>,
+    pub cache: Arc<RwLock<Cache>>,
+}
+
+impl AppState {
+    pub async fn new(config: &Config) -> Result<Self, String> {
+        // Initialize with dependencies
+        let db = Database::connect(&config.db_url)
+            .await
+            .map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
+
+        let cache = Cache::with_capacity(config.cache_size);
+
+        Ok(Self {
+            db: Arc::new(Mutex::new(db)),
+            cache: Arc::new(RwLock::new(cache)),
+        })
+    }
+}
+
+// In main.rs
+fn main() {
+    let config = Config::load().expect("Failed to load config");
+
+    let runtime = tokio::runtime::Runtime::new()
+        .expect("Failed to create runtime");
+
+    let state = runtime.block_on(async {
+        AppState::new(&config).await
+            .expect("Failed to initialize state")
+    });
+
+    tauri::Builder::default()
+        .manage(state)
+        .invoke_handler(tauri::generate_handler![/* commands */])
+        .run(tauri::generate_context!())
+        .expect("error while running tauri application");
+}
+```
+
+### Transactional State Updates
+
+```rust
+#[tauri::command]
+async fn transfer_funds(
+    from_account: String,
+    to_account: String,
+    amount: f64,
+    state: tauri::State<'_, BankState>,
+) -> Result<(), String> {
+    // Lock both accounts to prevent race conditions
+    let mut accounts = state.accounts.write().await;
+
+    let from_balance = accounts.get_mut(&from_account)
+        .ok_or("Source account not found")?;
+
+    if *from_balance < amount {
+        return Err("Insufficient funds".to_string());
+    }
+
+    *from_balance -= amount;
+
+    let to_balance = accounts.get_mut(&to_account)
+        .ok_or("Destination account not found")?;
+
+    *to_balance += amount;
+
+    // Both updates succeed or both fail (atomic)
+    Ok(())
+}
+```
+
+## Lock Management Best Practices
+
+### ❌ Holding Locks Across Await Points
+
+```rust
+// WRONG - Lock held across await (potential deadlock)
+#[tauri::command]
+async fn bad_pattern(
+    state: tauri::State<'_, AppState>,
+) -> Result<(), String> {
+    let mut data = state.data.lock().await;
+    // Lock is held here
+    expensive_async_operation().await?;  // Deadlock risk!
+    data.update();
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+// CORRECT - Release lock before await
+#[tauri::command]
+async fn good_pattern(
+    state: tauri::State<'_, AppState>,
+) -> Result<(), String> {
+    let result = expensive_async_operation().await?;
+
+    {
+        let mut data = state.data.lock().await;
+        data.update_with(result);
+    }  // Lock released here
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+```
+
+### ✅ Minimizing Lock Scope
+
+```rust
+#[tauri::command]
+async fn optimized_read(
+    key: String,
+    state: tauri::State<'_, AppState>,
+) -> Result<String, String> {
+    // Clone only what you need, release lock immediately
+    let value = {
+        let cache = state.cache.read().await;
+        cache.get(&key).cloned()
+    };  // Lock released here
+
+    match value {
+        Some(v) => Ok(v),
+        None => {
+            // Compute without holding lock
+            let computed = compute_value(&key).await?;
+
+            // Lock only for insertion
+            {
+                let mut cache = state.cache.write().await;
+                cache.insert(key, computed.clone());
+            }
+
+            Ok(computed)
+        }
+    }
+}
+```
+
+### ✅ Using Try-Lock for Non-Blocking
+
+```rust
+use tokio::sync::Mutex;
+
+#[tauri::command]
+async fn try_update(
+    state: tauri::State<'_, AppState>,
+) -> Result<String, String> {
+    // Try to acquire lock without blocking
+    match state.data.try_lock() {
+        Ok(mut data) => {
+            data.update();
+            Ok("Updated".to_string())
+        }
+        Err(_) => {
+            // Lock is held, don't wait
+            Ok("Busy, try again later".to_string())
+        }
+    }
+}
+```
+
+## Decision Matrix
+
+| Use Case | Container | Reason |
+|----------|-----------|--------|
+| Simple shared data | `Arc<Mutex<T>>` | Easy, works for everything |
+| Frequent reads, rare writes | `Arc<RwLock<T>>` | Concurrent readers |
+| High-concurrency map | `Arc<DashMap<K,V>>` | Lock-free operations |
+| Session management | `Arc<DashMap<K,V>>` | Concurrent access |
+| Configuration cache | `Arc<RwLock<T>>` | Many readers, few writers |
+| Database connection | `Arc<Mutex<T>>` | Exclusive access needed |
+| Active connections | `Arc<DashMap<K,V>>` | High concurrency |
+| User preferences | `Arc<RwLock<T>>` | Read-heavy |
+
+## Performance Considerations
+
+### Benchmarking State Access
+
+```rust
+use std::time::Instant;
+
+#[tauri::command]
+async fn benchmark_state_access(
+    iterations: usize,
+    state: tauri::State<'_, AppState>,
+) -> Result<BenchmarkResults, String> {
+    let start = Instant::now();
+
+    for _ in 0..iterations {
+        let _data = state.data.read().await;
+        // Simulate work
+    }
+
+    let duration = start.elapsed();
+
+    Ok(BenchmarkResults {
+        iterations,
+        total_ms: duration.as_millis(),
+        avg_us: duration.as_micros() / iterations as u128,
+    })
+}
+```
+
+## Common Pitfalls
+
+❌ **Using std::sync::Mutex in async code**:
+```rust
+use std::sync::Mutex;  // WRONG for async
+
+// Use tokio's Mutex instead
+use tokio::sync::Mutex;  // CORRECT for async
+```
+
+❌ **Not using Arc for shared state**:
+```rust
+// WRONG - Mutex alone doesn't provide shared ownership
+pub struct AppState {
+    data: Mutex<Data>,  // Can't clone/share
+}
+
+// CORRECT - Arc enables shared ownership
+pub struct AppState {
+    data: Arc<Mutex<Data>>,  // Can clone Arc, share across tasks
+}
+```
+
+❌ **Forgetting to .await lock acquisition**:
+```rust
+// WRONG - forgot .await
+let data = state.data.lock();  // Returns Future, not MutexGuard
+
+// CORRECT
+let data = state.data.lock().await;
+```
+
+## Summary
+
+- **`Arc<Mutex<T>>`** - General purpose, exclusive access
+- **`Arc<RwLock<T>>`** - Read-heavy workloads, concurrent readers
+- **`Arc<DashMap<K,V>>`** - Lock-free maps, high concurrency
+- **Minimize lock scope** - Hold locks for shortest time possible
+- **Don't hold locks across await** - Deadlock risk
+- **Use multiple states** - Separate concerns for better granularity
+- **Always use tokio's Mutex/RwLock** - Not std's version in async