capytaine 3.0.0a1__cp38-cp38-macosx_15_0_x86_64.whl

capytaine/meshes/predefined/__init__.py

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+# Copyright (C) 2017-2022 Matthieu Ancellin
+# See LICENSE file at <https://github.com/capytaine/capytaine>
+
+from capytaine.meshes.predefined.cylinders import mesh_disk, mesh_horizontal_cylinder, mesh_vertical_cylinder
+from capytaine.meshes.predefined.spheres import mesh_sphere
+from capytaine.meshes.predefined.rectangles import mesh_rectangle, mesh_parallelepiped

capytaine/meshes/predefined/cylinders.py

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+"""Generate meshes of cylinders and disks"""
+# Copyright (C) 2017-2025 Matthieu Ancellin
+# See LICENSE file at <https://github.com/capytaine/capytaine>
+
+import logging
+from itertools import product
+
+import numpy as np
+from numpy import pi, cos, sin
+
+from capytaine.meshes.meshes import Mesh
+from capytaine.meshes.symmetric_meshes import RotationSymmetricMesh, ReflectionSymmetricMesh
+
+LOG = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+def mesh_disk(*, radius=1.0, center=(0, 0, 0), normal=(0, 0, 1),
+        resolution=(3, 6), faces_max_radius=None,
+        reflection_symmetry=False, axial_symmetry=False, name=None, _theta_max=2*pi):
+    """(One-sided) disk.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    radius : float, optional
+        radius of the disk
+    center : 3-ple or array of shape (3,), optional
+        position of the geometric center of the disk
+    normal: 3-ple of floats, optional
+        normal vector, default: along x axis
+    resolution : 2-ple of int, optional
+        number of panels along a radius and around the disk
+    faces_max_radius : float, optional
+        maximal radius of a panel. (Default: no maximal radius.)
+        If the provided resolution is too coarse, the number of panels is
+        changed to fit the constraint on the maximal radius.
+    axial_symmetry : bool, optional
+        if True, returns an AxialSymmetricMesh
+    reflection_symmetry : bool, optional
+        if True, returns a ReflectionSymmetricMesh
+    name : str, optional
+        a string naming the mesh
+    _theta_max: float, optional
+        internal parameter, to return an arc circle instead of a full circle
+    """
+    assert radius > 0, "Radius of the disk mesh should be given as a positive value."
+
+    assert len(resolution) == 2, "Resolution of a disk should be given as a couple of values."
+    assert all([h > 0 for h in resolution]), "Resolution of the disk mesh should be given as positive values."
+    assert all([i == int(i) for i in resolution]), "Resolution of a disk should be given as integer values."
+
+    assert len(center) == 3, "Position of the center of a disk should be given a 3-ple of values."
+
+    nr, ntheta = resolution
+    if faces_max_radius is not None:
+        # The biggest cell is on the side of the disk.
+        # Assuming it is a rectangle of sides radius/nr and perimeter/ntheta
+        estimated_max_radius = np.hypot(radius/nr, 2*pi*radius/ntheta)/2
+        if estimated_max_radius > faces_max_radius:
+            nr = int(np.ceil(radius / (np.sqrt(2) * faces_max_radius)))
+            ntheta = int(np.ceil(2*pi*radius / (np.sqrt(2) * faces_max_radius)))
+
+    if reflection_symmetry and axial_symmetry:
+        raise NotImplementedError("Disks with both symmetries have not been implemented.")
+
+    LOG.debug(f"New disk of radius {radius} and resolution {resolution}, named {name}.")
+
+    if reflection_symmetry:
+        if ntheta % 2 == 1:
+            raise ValueError("To use the reflection symmetry of the mesh, "
+                             "it should have an even number of panels in this direction.")
+
+        half_mesh = mesh_disk(radius=radius, _theta_max=_theta_max/2, resolution=(nr, ntheta//2),
+                center=(0, 0, 0), normal=(0, 0, 1),
+                reflection_symmetry=False, axial_symmetry=False, name=f"half_of_{name}")
+        mesh = ReflectionSymmetricMesh(half_mesh, plane='xOz', name=name)
+
+    elif axial_symmetry:
+        mesh_slice = mesh_disk(radius=radius, _theta_max=_theta_max/ntheta, resolution=(nr, 1),
+                center=(0, 0, 0), normal=(0, 0, 1),
+                reflection_symmetry=False, axial_symmetry=False, name=f"slice_of_{name}")
+        mesh = RotationSymmetricMesh(mesh_slice, axis='z+', n=ntheta, name=name)
+
+    else:
+        theta_range = np.linspace(0, _theta_max, ntheta+1)
+        r_range = np.linspace(0.0, radius, nr+1)
+        nodes = np.array([(0, r*sin(t), -r*cos(t)) for (r, t) in product(r_range, theta_range)])
+        panels = np.array([(j+i*(ntheta+1), j+1+i*(ntheta+1), j+1+(i+1)*(ntheta+1), j+(i+1)*(ntheta+1))
+                                for (i, j) in product(range(0, nr), range(0, ntheta))])
+
+        mesh = Mesh(nodes, panels, name=name)
+
+    mesh = mesh.rotated_such_that_vectors_are_aligned(mesh.faces_normals[0], normal)
+    mesh = mesh.translated(center, name=name)
+    return mesh
+
+
+def mesh_vertical_cylinder(*, length=10.0, radius=1.0, center=(0, 0, 0),
+        resolution=(2, 8, 10), faces_max_radius=None,
+        axial_symmetry=False, reflection_symmetry=False, name=None, _theta_max=2*pi):
+    """Vertical cylinder.
+
+    Total number of panels = (2*resolution[0] + resolution[2])*resolution[1]
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    length : float, optional
+        length of the cylinder
+    radius : float, optional
+        radius of the cylinder
+    center : 3-ple or array of shape (3,), optional
+        position of the geometric center of the cylinder
+    resolution : 3-ple of int, optional
+        (number of panel along a radius at the end, number of panels around a slice, number of slices)
+        Mnemonic: same ordering as the cylindrical coordinates (nr, ntheta, nz)
+    faces_max_radius : float, optional
+        maximal radius of a panel. (Default: no maximal radius.)
+        If the provided resolution is too coarse, the number of panels is
+        changed to fit the constraint on the maximal radius.
+    axial_symmetry : bool, optional
+        if True, returns an AxialSymmetricMesh
+    reflection_symmetry : bool, optional
+        if True, returns a ReflectionSymmetricMesh
+    name : str, optional
+        a string naming the mesh
+    _theta_max: float, optional
+        internal parameter, to return an arc circle instead of a full circle
+    """
+    assert length > 0, "Length of a cylinder should be given as a positive value."
+    assert radius > 0, "Radius of a cylinder should be given as a positive value."
+
+    assert len(resolution) == 3, "Resolution of a cylinder should be given as a 3-ple of values."
+    assert all([h >= 0 for h in resolution]), "Resolution of a cylinder should be given as positive values."
+    assert all([i == int(i) for i in resolution]), "Resolution of a cylinder should be given as integer values."
+
+    assert len(center) == 3, "Position of the center of a cylinder should be given a 3-ple of values."
+
+    nr, ntheta, nz = resolution
+    if faces_max_radius is not None:
+        dr, dtheta, dz = radius/nr, 2*pi*radius/ntheta, length/nz
+        estimated_max_radius = max(
+                np.hypot(dr, dtheta)/2,  # Panel on disk side
+                np.hypot(dtheta, dz)/2,  # Panel on cylinder itself
+                )
+        if estimated_max_radius > faces_max_radius:
+            nr = int(np.ceil(radius / (np.sqrt(2) * faces_max_radius)))
+            ntheta = 2*int(np.ceil(pi*radius / (np.sqrt(2) * faces_max_radius)))
+            nz = int(np.ceil(length / (np.sqrt(2) * faces_max_radius)))
+
+    LOG.debug(f"New vertical cylinder of length {length}, radius {radius} and resolution {resolution}, named {name}.")
+
+    if reflection_symmetry and axial_symmetry:
+        raise NotImplementedError("Vertical cylinders with both symmetries have not been implemented.")
+
+    if reflection_symmetry:
+        if ntheta % 2 == 1:
+            raise ValueError("To use the reflection symmetry of the mesh, "
+                             "it should have an even number of panels in this direction.")
+
+        half_cylinder = mesh_vertical_cylinder(length=length, radius=radius, center=(0, 0, 0),
+                resolution=(nr, ntheta//2, nz), reflection_symmetry=False, axial_symmetry=False,
+                name=f"half_{name}", _theta_max=_theta_max/2)
+
+        mesh = ReflectionSymmetricMesh(half_cylinder, plane='yOz', name=name)
+
+    elif axial_symmetry:
+
+        mesh_slice = mesh_vertical_cylinder(length=length, radius=radius, resolution=(nr, 1, nz), center=(0, 0, 0),
+                reflection_symmetry=False, axial_symmetry=False, name=f"slice_of_{name}", _theta_max=_theta_max/ntheta)
+        mesh = RotationSymmetricMesh(mesh_slice, axis='z+', n=ntheta, name=name)
+
+    else:
+        theta_range = np.linspace(0, _theta_max, ntheta+1)
+        z_range = np.linspace(-length/2, length/2, nz+1)
+        if nr > 0:
+            r_range = np.linspace(0.0, radius, nr+1)
+            nodes = np.concatenate([
+                np.array([(r*sin(t), r*cos(t), -length/2) for (r, t) in product(r_range, theta_range)]),
+                np.array([(radius*sin(t), radius*cos(t), z) for (z, t) in product(z_range, theta_range)]),
+                np.array([(r*sin(t), r*cos(t), length/2) for (r, t) in product(r_range[::-1], theta_range)]),
+                ])
+        else:
+            r_range = np.array([])
+            nodes = np.array([(radius*sin(t), radius*cos(t), z) for (z, t) in product(z_range, theta_range)])
+        panels = np.array([(j+i*(ntheta+1), j+(i+1)*(ntheta+1), j+1+(i+1)*(ntheta+1), j+1+i*(ntheta+1), )
+                                for (i, j) in product(range(nz+2*(len(r_range))), range(ntheta))])
+
+        mesh = Mesh(nodes, panels, name=name)
+
+    mesh = mesh.translated(center, name=name)
+    return mesh
+
+
+def mesh_horizontal_cylinder(*, length=10.0, radius=1.0, center=(0, 0, 0),
+        resolution=(2, 8, 10), faces_max_radius=None,
+        reflection_symmetry=False, name=None, _theta_max=2*pi):
+    """Cylinder aligned along Ox axis.
+
+    Total number of panels = (2*resolution[0] + resolution[2])*resolution[1]
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    length : float, optional
+        length of the cylinder
+    radius : float, optional
+        radius of the cylinder
+    center : 3-ple or array of shape (3,), optional
+        position of the geometric center of the cylinder
+    resolution : 3-ple of int, optional
+        (number of panel along a radius at the end, number of panels around a slice, number of slices)
+        Mnemonic: same ordering as the cylindrical coordinates (nr, ntheta, nz)
+    faces_max_radius : float, optional
+        maximal radius of a panel. (Default: no maximal radius.)
+        If the provided resolution is too coarse, the number of panels is
+        changed to fit the constraint on the maximal radius.
+    reflection_symmetry : bool, optional
+        if True, returns a ReflectionSymmetricMesh
+    translation_symmetry : bool, optional
+        if True, uses a TranslationalSymmetricMesh internally for the main part of the cylinder
+    name : str, optional
+        a string naming the mesh
+    _theta_max: float, optional
+        internal parameter, to return an arc circle instead of a full circle
+    """
+
+    assert length > 0, "Length of a cylinder should be given as a positive value."
+    assert radius > 0, "Radius of a cylinder should be given as a positive value."
+
+    assert len(resolution) == 3, "Resolution of a cylinder should be given as a 3-ple of values."
+    assert all([h >= 0 for h in resolution]), "Resolution of a cylinder should be given as positive values."
+    assert all([i == int(i) for i in resolution]), "Resolution of a cylinder should be given as integer values."
+
+    assert len(center) == 3, "Position of the center of a cylinder should be given a 3-ple of values."
+
+    LOG.debug(f"New horizontal cylinder of length {length}, radius {radius} and resolution {resolution}, named {name}.")
+
+    nr, ntheta, nx = resolution
+    if faces_max_radius is not None:
+        dr, dtheta, dx = radius/nr, 2*pi*radius/ntheta, length/nx
+        estimated_max_radius = max(
+                np.hypot(dr, dtheta)/2,  # Panel on disk side
+                np.hypot(dtheta, dx)/2,  # Panel on cylinder itself
+                )
+        if estimated_max_radius > faces_max_radius:
+            nr = int(np.ceil(radius / (np.sqrt(2) * faces_max_radius)))
+            ntheta = 2*int(np.ceil(pi*radius / (np.sqrt(2) * faces_max_radius)))
+            nx = int(np.ceil(length / (np.sqrt(2) * faces_max_radius)))
+
+    if reflection_symmetry:
+        if ntheta % 2 == 1:
+            raise ValueError("To use the reflection symmetry of the mesh, "
+                             "it should have an even number of panels in this direction.")
+
+        half_cylinder = mesh_horizontal_cylinder(
+                length=length, radius=radius, center=(0, 0, 0),
+                resolution=(nr, ntheta//2, nx),
+                reflection_symmetry=False,
+                name=f"half_{name}", _theta_max=_theta_max/2,
+                )
+
+        mesh = ReflectionSymmetricMesh(half_cylinder, plane='xOz', name=name)
+
+    else: # General case
+        theta_range = np.linspace(0, _theta_max, ntheta+1)
+        x_range = np.linspace(-length/2, length/2, nx+1)
+        nodes = np.array([(x, radius*sin(t), -radius*cos(t)) for (x, t) in product(x_range, theta_range)])
+
+        panels = np.array([(i+j*(ntheta+1), i+1+j*(ntheta+1), i+1+(j+1)*(ntheta+1), i+(j+1)*(ntheta+1))
+                            for (i, j) in product(range(ntheta), range(nx))])
+
+        mesh = Mesh(nodes, panels, name=f"open_{name}")
+
+        if nr > 0:
+            side = mesh_disk(radius=radius, center=(-length/2, 0, 0), normal=(-1, 0, 0),
+                             reflection_symmetry=False, resolution=(nr, ntheta), name=f"side_of_{name}",
+                             _theta_max=_theta_max)
+            other_side = side.mirrored('yOz', name=f"other_side_of_{name}")
+            mesh = Mesh.join_meshes(mesh, side, other_side, name=name)
+
+    mesh = mesh.translated(center, name=name)
+    return mesh

capytaine/meshes/predefined/rectangles.py

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+"""Generate rectangular bodies."""
+# Copyright (C) 2017-2024 Matthieu Ancellin
+# See LICENSE file at <https://github.com/capytaine/capytaine>
+
+import logging
+from itertools import product
+
+import numpy as np
+
+from capytaine.meshes.meshes import Mesh
+from capytaine.meshes.symmetric_meshes import ReflectionSymmetricMesh
+
+LOG = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+def mesh_rectangle(*, size=(5.0, 5.0), center=(0.0, 0.0, 0.0),
+        resolution=(5, 5), faces_max_radius=None,
+        normal=(0.0, 0.0, 1.0),
+        reflection_symmetry=False,
+        name=None):
+    """One-sided rectangle.
+
+    By default, the rectangle is horizontal, the normals are oriented upwards.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    size : couple of floats, optional
+        dimensions of the rectangle (width and height)
+    center : 3-ple of floats, optional
+        position of the geometric center of the rectangle, default: (0, 0, 0)
+    resolution : couple of ints, optional
+        number of faces along each of the two directions
+    faces_max_radius : float, optional
+        maximal radius of a panel. (Default: no maximal radius.)
+        If the provided resolution is too coarse, the number of panels is
+        changed to fit the constraint on the maximal radius.
+    normal: 3-ple of floats, optional
+        normal vector, default: (0, 0, 1)
+    reflection_symmetry : bool, optional
+        if True, use the reflection symmetry to speed up the computations
+    name : string, optional
+        a name for the body
+    """
+
+    assert len(size) == 2, "Size of a rectangle should be given as a couple of values."
+    assert all([h > 0 for h in size]), "Size of the rectangle mesh should be given as positive values."
+
+    assert len(resolution) == 2, "Resolution of a rectangle should be given as a couple a values."
+    assert all([h > 0 for h in resolution]), "Resolution of the rectangle mesh should be given as positive values."
+    assert all([i == int(i) for i in resolution]), "Resolution of a rectangle should be given as integer values."
+
+    assert len(center) == 3, "Position of the center of a rectangle should be given a 3-ple of values."
+
+    width, height = size
+    nw, nh = resolution
+
+    if faces_max_radius is not None:
+        estimated_max_radius = np.hypot(width/nw, height/nh)/2
+        if estimated_max_radius > faces_max_radius:
+            nw = int(np.ceil(width / (np.sqrt(2) * faces_max_radius)))
+            nh = int(np.ceil(height / (np.sqrt(2) * faces_max_radius)))
+
+    if reflection_symmetry:
+        if nw % 2 == 1:
+            raise ValueError("To define a rectangle mesh with reflection symmetry, "
+                             "it should have an even number of panels in this direction.")
+
+        if not np.isclose(center[1], 0.0) or not np.isclose(normal[1], 0.0):
+            raise ValueError("To define a rectangle mesh with reflection symmetry, "
+                             "its center should be in the xOz plane (that is y=0) "
+                             "and so should also be its normal vector.")
+
+        half_mesh = mesh_rectangle(size=(width/2, height), resolution=(nw//2, nh),
+                                   center=(0, -width/4, 0), normal=normal,
+                                   reflection_symmetry=False,
+                                   name=f"half_of_{name}")
+        mesh = ReflectionSymmetricMesh(half_mesh, plane='xOz', name=name)
+
+    else:
+        y_range = np.linspace(-width/2, width/2, nw+1)
+        z_range = np.linspace(-height/2, height/2, nh+1)
+        nodes = np.array(list(product([0.0], y_range, z_range)), dtype=float)
+        panels = np.array([(j+i*(nh+1), j+1+i*(nh+1), j+1+(i+1)*(nh+1), j+(i+1)*(nh+1))
+                             for (i, j) in product(range(nw), range(nh))])
+
+        mesh = Mesh(nodes, panels, name=name)
+        mesh = mesh.rotated_such_that_vectors_are_aligned(mesh.faces_normals[0], normal)
+
+    mesh = mesh.translated(center, name=name)
+    return mesh
+
+
+def mesh_parallelepiped(size=(1.0, 1.0, 1.0), center=(0, 0, 0),
+                        resolution=(4, 4, 4), faces_max_radius=None,
+                        missing_sides=set(), reflection_symmetry=False,
+                        name=None):
+    """Six rectangles forming a parallelepiped.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    size : 3-ple of floats, optional
+        dimensions of the parallelepiped (width, thickness, height) for coordinates (x, y, z).
+    center : 3-ple of floats, optional
+        coordinates of the geometric center of the parallelepiped
+    resolution : 3-ple of ints, optional
+        number of faces along the three directions
+    faces_max_radius : float, optional
+        maximal radius of a panel. (Default: no maximal radius.)
+        If the provided resolution is too coarse, the number of panels is
+        changed to fit the constraint on the maximal radius.
+    missing_sides : set of string, optional
+        if one of the keyword "top", "bottom", "front", "back", "left", "right" is in the set,
+        then the corresponding side is not included in the parallelepiped.
+        May be ignored when building a mesh with a symmetry.
+    reflection_symmetry : bool, optional
+        use xOz and yOz symmetry plane to generate the mesh
+    name : string, optional
+        a name for the body
+    """
+
+    assert len(size) == 3, "Size of a rectangular parallelepiped should be given as a 3-ple of values."
+    assert all([h > 0 for h in size]), "Size of the rectangular mesh should be given as positive values."
+
+    assert len(resolution) == 3, "Resolution of a rectangular parallelepiped should be given as a 3-ple a values."
+    assert all([h > 0 for h in resolution]), "Resolution of the rectangular parallelepiped mesh " \
+                                             "should be given as positive values."
+    assert all([i == int(i) for i in resolution]), "Resolution of a rectangular parallelepiped " \
+                                                   "should be given as integer values."
+
+    assert len(center) == 3, "Position of the center of a parallelepiped should be given a 3-ple of values."
+
+    width, thickness, height = size
+    nw, nth, nh = resolution
+
+    if faces_max_radius is not None:
+        dw, dh, dth = width/nw, height/nh, thickness/nth
+        estimated_max_radius = max(
+                np.hypot(dw, dh)/2,
+                np.hypot(dw, dth)/2,
+                np.hypot(dth, dh)/2,
+                )
+        if estimated_max_radius > faces_max_radius:
+            nw = int(np.ceil(width / (np.sqrt(2) * faces_max_radius)))
+            nth = int(np.ceil(thickness / (np.sqrt(2) * faces_max_radius)))
+            nh = int(np.ceil(height / (np.sqrt(2) * faces_max_radius)))
+
+    if reflection_symmetry:
+        if (nw % 2 == 1 or nth % 2 == 1):
+            raise ValueError("To define a parallelepiped mesh with reflection symmetry, "
+                             "it should have an even number of panels in both direction.")
+
+        if not np.isclose(center[0], 0.0) or not np.isclose(center[1], 0.0):
+            raise ValueError("To define a rectangle mesh with reflection symmetry, "
+                             "its center should be on the Oz axis (that is x=0 and y=0).")
+
+        missing_sides_in_quarter = missing_sides | {"right", "back"}
+        quarter_mesh = mesh_parallelepiped(
+                size=(width/2, thickness/2, height), resolution=(nw//2, nth//2, nh),
+                center=(-width/4, -thickness/4, 0), missing_sides=missing_sides_in_quarter,
+                reflection_symmetry=False,
+                name=f"quarter_of_{name}"
+                )
+
+        half_mesh = ReflectionSymmetricMesh(quarter_mesh, plane='yOz', name=f"half_of_{name}")
+        mesh = ReflectionSymmetricMesh(half_mesh, plane='xOz', name=f"{name}")
+
+    else:
+
+        sides = []
+        if "left" not in missing_sides:
+            sides.append(
+                    mesh_rectangle(size=(thickness, height), resolution=(nth, nh), center=(-width/2, 0, 0),
+                        normal=(-1, 0, 0), name=f"left_of_{name}")
+                    )
+        if "right" not in missing_sides:
+            sides.append(
+                    mesh_rectangle(size=(thickness, height), resolution=(nth, nh), center=(width/2, 0, 0),
+                        normal=(1, 0, 0), name=f"right_of_{name}")
+                    )
+        if "front" not in missing_sides:
+            sides.append(
+                    mesh_rectangle(size=(width, height), resolution=(nw, nh), center=(0, -thickness/2, 0),
+                        normal=(0, -1, 0), name=f"front_of_{name}")
+                    )
+        if "back" not in missing_sides:
+            sides.append(
+                    mesh_rectangle(size=(width, height), resolution=(nw, nh), center=(0, thickness/2, 0),
+                        normal=(0, 1, 0), name=f"back_of_{name}")
+                    )
+        if "top" not in missing_sides:
+            sides.append(
+                    mesh_rectangle(size=(thickness, width), resolution=(nth, nw), center=(0, 0, height/2),
+                        normal=(0, 0, 1), name=f"top_of_{name}")
+                    )
+        if "bottom" not in missing_sides:
+            sides.append(
+                    mesh_rectangle(size=(thickness, width), resolution=(nth, nw), center=(0, 0, -height/2),
+                        normal=(0, 0, -1), name=f"bottom_of_{name}")
+                    )
+        mesh = Mesh.join_meshes(*sides, name=name)
+
+    mesh = mesh.translated(center, name=name)
+    return mesh

capytaine/meshes/predefined/spheres.py

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+"""Generate spherical bodies."""
+# Copyright (C) 2017-2024 Matthieu Ancellin
+# See LICENSE file at <https://github.com/capytaine/capytaine>
+
+import logging
+
+import numpy as np
+from numpy import pi
+
+from capytaine.meshes.symmetric_meshes import RotationSymmetricMesh
+
+LOG = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+def mesh_sphere(*, radius=1.0, center=(0.0, 0.0, 0.0),
+        resolution=(10, 10), faces_max_radius=None,
+        axial_symmetry=False, name=None):
+    """Sphere
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    radius : float
+        radius of the sphere
+    center : 3-ple or array of shape (3,)
+        position of the geometric center of the sphere
+    resolution : couple of ints
+        number of panels along a meridian (or number of parallels-1) and
+        along a parallel (or number of meridians-1)
+    faces_max_radius : float, optional
+        maximal radius of a panel. (Default: no maximal radius.)
+        If the provided resolution is too coarse, the number of panels is
+        changed to fit the constraint on the maximal radius.
+    axial_symmetry : bool
+        if True, use the axial symmetry to build the mesh (default: False)
+    name : string
+        a name identifying the sphere (default: "sphere_id" where id is an unique integer).
+    """
+
+    ntheta, nphi = resolution
+    if faces_max_radius is not None:
+        perimeter = 2*np.pi*radius
+        estimated_max_radius = np.hypot(perimeter/ntheta, perimeter/nphi)/2
+        if estimated_max_radius > faces_max_radius:
+            ntheta = nphi = int(np.ceil(perimeter / (np.sqrt(2)*faces_max_radius)))
+
+    theta = np.linspace(0.0, pi, ntheta+1)
+    points_on_a_meridian = radius * np.stack([np.sin(theta), np.zeros_like(theta), -np.cos(theta)], axis=1)
+
+    mesh = RotationSymmetricMesh.from_profile_points(points_on_a_meridian, n=nphi, name=name)
+
+    if not axial_symmetry:
+        mesh = mesh.merged()
+
+    mesh = mesh.translated(center, name=name)
+    return mesh