attune-ai 2.0.0__py3-none-any.whl

attune/memory/cross_session.py

@@ -0,0 +1,845 @@
+"""Cross-Session Agent Communication Protocol.
+
+This module enables agents across different Claude Code sessions to communicate
+and coordinate via Redis-backed short-term memory.
+
+Features:
+- Session discovery and announcement
+- Priority-based conflict resolution
+- Task queue coordination
+- Shared state management
+- Agent-to-agent signaling
+
+Requires Redis (not available in mock mode).
+
+Copyright 2025-2026 Smart AI Memory, LLC
+Licensed under Fair Source 0.9
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import json
+import os
+import secrets
+import threading
+import time
+from collections.abc import Callable
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+from datetime import datetime, timedelta
+from enum import Enum
+from typing import Any
+
+import structlog
+
+from .short_term import AccessTier, AgentCredentials, RedisShortTermMemory
+
+logger = structlog.get_logger(__name__)
+
+
+# === Constants ===
+
+CHANNEL_SESSIONS = "empathy:sessions"
+KEY_ACTIVE_AGENTS = "empathy:active_agents"
+KEY_SERVICE_LOCK = "empathy:service_lock"
+KEY_SERVICE_HEARTBEAT = "empathy:service_heartbeat"
+
+HEARTBEAT_INTERVAL_SECONDS = 30
+STALE_THRESHOLD_SECONDS = 90
+SERVICE_LOCK_TTL_SECONDS = 60
+
+
+class SessionType(Enum):
+    """Type of session/agent."""
+
+    CLAUDE = "claude"  # Interactive Claude Code session
+    SERVICE = "service"  # Background service/daemon
+    WORKER = "worker"  # Task worker agent
+
+
+class ConflictStrategy(Enum):
+    """Strategy for resolving conflicts between agents."""
+
+    PRIORITY_BASED = "priority"  # Higher access tier wins
+    FIRST_WRITE_WINS = "first_write"  # First to write wins
+    LAST_WRITE_WINS = "last_write"  # Last to write wins
+
+
+@dataclass
+class SessionInfo:
+    """Information about an active session."""
+
+    agent_id: str
+    session_type: SessionType
+    access_tier: AccessTier
+    capabilities: list[str]
+    started_at: datetime
+    last_heartbeat: datetime
+    metadata: dict[str, Any] = field(default_factory=dict)
+
+    def to_dict(self) -> dict[str, Any]:
+        """Convert to dictionary for storage."""
+        return {
+            "agent_id": self.agent_id,
+            "session_type": self.session_type.value,
+            "access_tier": self.access_tier.value,
+            "capabilities": self.capabilities,
+            "started_at": self.started_at.isoformat(),
+            "last_heartbeat": self.last_heartbeat.isoformat(),
+            "metadata": self.metadata,
+        }
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_dict(cls, data: dict[str, Any]) -> SessionInfo:
+        """Create from dictionary."""
+        return cls(
+            agent_id=data["agent_id"],
+            session_type=SessionType(data["session_type"]),
+            access_tier=AccessTier(data["access_tier"]),
+            capabilities=data.get("capabilities", []),
+            started_at=datetime.fromisoformat(data["started_at"]),
+            last_heartbeat=datetime.fromisoformat(data["last_heartbeat"]),
+            metadata=data.get("metadata", {}),
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def is_stale(self) -> bool:
+        """Check if session is stale (no recent heartbeat)."""
+        threshold = datetime.now() - timedelta(seconds=STALE_THRESHOLD_SECONDS)
+        return self.last_heartbeat < threshold
+
+
+@dataclass
+class ConflictResult:
+    """Result of a conflict resolution."""
+
+    winner_agent_id: str
+    loser_agent_id: str
+    resource_key: str
+    strategy_used: ConflictStrategy
+    reason: str
+
+
+def generate_agent_id(session_type: SessionType) -> str:
+    """Generate a unique agent ID.
+
+    Format: {session_type}_{timestamp}_{random_suffix}
+    Example: claude_20260120_a1b2c3
+    """
+    timestamp = datetime.now().strftime("%Y%m%d%H%M%S")
+    suffix = secrets.token_hex(3)  # 6 character hex string
+    return f"{session_type.value}_{timestamp}_{suffix}"
+
+
+class CrossSessionCoordinator:
+    """Coordinator for cross-session agent communication.
+
+    This class manages session discovery, conflict resolution, and
+    coordination between agents across different Claude Code sessions.
+
+    Requires Redis - not available in mock mode.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        memory: RedisShortTermMemory,
+        session_type: SessionType = SessionType.CLAUDE,
+        access_tier: AccessTier = AccessTier.CONTRIBUTOR,
+        capabilities: list[str] | None = None,
+        auto_announce: bool = True,
+    ):
+        """Initialize cross-session coordinator.
+
+        Args:
+            memory: RedisShortTermMemory instance (must not be mock)
+            session_type: Type of this session
+            access_tier: Access tier for this session
+            capabilities: List of capabilities this session supports
+            auto_announce: Whether to announce presence on init
+        """
+        if memory.use_mock:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "Cross-session communication requires Redis. "
+                "Mock mode does not support cross-session features."
+            )
+
+        self._memory = memory
+        self._session_type = session_type
+        self._access_tier = access_tier
+        self._capabilities = capabilities or ["stash", "retrieve", "queue", "signal"]
+
+        # Generate unique agent ID
+        self._agent_id = generate_agent_id(session_type)
+        self._credentials = AgentCredentials(
+            agent_id=self._agent_id,
+            tier=access_tier,
+        )
+
+        # Session info
+        self._session_info = SessionInfo(
+            agent_id=self._agent_id,
+            session_type=session_type,
+            access_tier=access_tier,
+            capabilities=self._capabilities,
+            started_at=datetime.now(),
+            last_heartbeat=datetime.now(),
+        )
+
+        # Heartbeat thread
+        self._heartbeat_thread: threading.Thread | None = None
+        self._heartbeat_stop = threading.Event()
+
+        # Event handlers
+        self._on_session_joined: list[Callable[[SessionInfo], None]] = []
+        self._on_session_left: list[Callable[[str], None]] = []
+
+        # Auto-announce if requested
+        if auto_announce:
+            self.announce()
+            self.start_heartbeat()
+
+        logger.info(
+            "cross_session_coordinator_initialized",
+            agent_id=self._agent_id,
+            session_type=session_type.value,
+            access_tier=access_tier.name,
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def agent_id(self) -> str:
+        """Get this session's agent ID."""
+        return self._agent_id
+
+    @property
+    def credentials(self) -> AgentCredentials:
+        """Get this session's credentials."""
+        return self._credentials
+
+    @property
+    def session_info(self) -> SessionInfo:
+        """Get this session's info."""
+        return self._session_info
+
+    # === Session Discovery ===
+
+    def announce(self) -> None:
+        """Announce this session's presence to other sessions."""
+        client = self._memory._client
+        if client is None:
+            return
+
+        # Update active agents registry
+        session_data = json.dumps(self._session_info.to_dict())
+        client.hset(KEY_ACTIVE_AGENTS, self._agent_id, session_data)
+
+        # Publish announcement to sessions channel
+        announcement = {
+            "event": "session_joined",
+            "session": self._session_info.to_dict(),
+        }
+        client.publish(CHANNEL_SESSIONS, json.dumps(announcement))
+
+        logger.info(
+            "session_announced",
+            agent_id=self._agent_id,
+            session_type=self._session_type.value,
+        )
+
+    def depart(self) -> None:
+        """Announce this session's departure."""
+        self.stop_heartbeat()
+
+        client = self._memory._client
+        if client is None:
+            return
+
+        # Remove from active agents registry
+        client.hdel(KEY_ACTIVE_AGENTS, self._agent_id)
+
+        # Publish departure to sessions channel
+        departure = {
+            "event": "session_left",
+            "agent_id": self._agent_id,
+        }
+        client.publish(CHANNEL_SESSIONS, json.dumps(departure))
+
+        logger.info("session_departed", agent_id=self._agent_id)
+
+    def get_active_sessions(self) -> list[SessionInfo]:
+        """Get all active sessions.
+
+        Returns:
+            List of SessionInfo for all active sessions
+        """
+        client = self._memory._client
+        if client is None:
+            return []
+
+        sessions = []
+        all_agents = client.hgetall(KEY_ACTIVE_AGENTS)
+
+        for agent_id, session_data in all_agents.items():
+            try:
+                # Decode bytes if necessary
+                if isinstance(agent_id, bytes):
+                    agent_id = agent_id.decode()
+                if isinstance(session_data, bytes):
+                    session_data = session_data.decode()
+
+                info = SessionInfo.from_dict(json.loads(session_data))
+
+                # Skip stale sessions
+                if info.is_stale:
+                    # Clean up stale session
+                    client.hdel(KEY_ACTIVE_AGENTS, agent_id)
+                    logger.debug("cleaned_stale_session", agent_id=agent_id)
+                    continue
+
+                sessions.append(info)
+            except (json.JSONDecodeError, KeyError, ValueError) as e:
+                logger.warning(
+                    "invalid_session_data",
+                    agent_id=agent_id,
+                    error=str(e),
+                )
+
+        return sessions
+
+    def get_session(self, agent_id: str) -> SessionInfo | None:
+        """Get info for a specific session.
+
+        Args:
+            agent_id: Agent ID to look up
+
+        Returns:
+            SessionInfo if found and not stale, None otherwise
+        """
+        client = self._memory._client
+        if client is None:
+            return None
+
+        session_data = client.hget(KEY_ACTIVE_AGENTS, agent_id)
+        if session_data is None:
+            return None
+
+        try:
+            if isinstance(session_data, bytes):
+                session_data = session_data.decode()
+            info = SessionInfo.from_dict(json.loads(session_data))
+            return info if not info.is_stale else None
+        except (json.JSONDecodeError, KeyError, ValueError):
+            return None
+
+    # === Heartbeat ===
+
+    def start_heartbeat(self) -> None:
+        """Start the heartbeat thread."""
+        if self._heartbeat_thread is not None:
+            return
+
+        self._heartbeat_stop.clear()
+        self._heartbeat_thread = threading.Thread(
+            target=self._heartbeat_loop,
+            daemon=True,
+            name=f"heartbeat-{self._agent_id}",
+        )
+        self._heartbeat_thread.start()
+        logger.debug("heartbeat_started", agent_id=self._agent_id)
+
+    def stop_heartbeat(self) -> None:
+        """Stop the heartbeat thread."""
+        if self._heartbeat_thread is None:
+            return
+
+        self._heartbeat_stop.set()
+        self._heartbeat_thread.join(timeout=5)
+        self._heartbeat_thread = None
+        logger.debug("heartbeat_stopped", agent_id=self._agent_id)
+
+    def _heartbeat_loop(self) -> None:
+        """Heartbeat loop - runs in background thread."""
+        while not self._heartbeat_stop.wait(HEARTBEAT_INTERVAL_SECONDS):
+            self._send_heartbeat()
+
+    def _send_heartbeat(self) -> None:
+        """Send a heartbeat update."""
+        client = self._memory._client
+        if client is None:
+            return
+
+        # Update last heartbeat
+        self._session_info.last_heartbeat = datetime.now()
+        session_data = json.dumps(self._session_info.to_dict())
+        client.hset(KEY_ACTIVE_AGENTS, self._agent_id, session_data)
+
+    # === Conflict Resolution ===
+
+    def resolve_conflict(
+        self,
+        resource_key: str,
+        other_agent_id: str,
+        strategy: ConflictStrategy = ConflictStrategy.PRIORITY_BASED,
+    ) -> ConflictResult:
+        """Resolve a conflict between this session and another.
+
+        Args:
+            resource_key: Key of the contested resource
+            other_agent_id: Agent ID of the other party
+            strategy: Strategy to use for resolution
+
+        Returns:
+            ConflictResult with winner and loser
+        """
+        other_session = self.get_session(other_agent_id)
+
+        if strategy == ConflictStrategy.PRIORITY_BASED:
+            return self._resolve_by_priority(resource_key, other_session)
+        elif strategy == ConflictStrategy.FIRST_WRITE_WINS:
+            return self._resolve_first_write(resource_key, other_session)
+        else:  # LAST_WRITE_WINS
+            return self._resolve_last_write(resource_key, other_session)
+
+    def _resolve_by_priority(
+        self,
+        resource_key: str,
+        other_session: SessionInfo | None,
+    ) -> ConflictResult:
+        """Resolve conflict using priority (access tier)."""
+        my_tier = self._access_tier.value
+        other_tier = other_session.access_tier.value if other_session else 0
+        other_id = other_session.agent_id if other_session else "unknown"
+
+        if my_tier > other_tier:
+            winner, loser = self._agent_id, other_id
+            reason = f"Higher tier ({self._access_tier.name} > {other_session.access_tier.name if other_session else 'N/A'})"
+        elif my_tier < other_tier:
+            winner, loser = other_id, self._agent_id
+            reason = f"Higher tier ({other_session.access_tier.name if other_session else 'N/A'} > {self._access_tier.name})"
+        else:
+            # Equal tier - use timestamp (first write wins)
+            if other_session and other_session.started_at < self._session_info.started_at:
+                winner, loser = other_id, self._agent_id
+                reason = "Equal tier, earlier session wins"
+            else:
+                winner, loser = self._agent_id, other_id
+                reason = "Equal tier, earlier session wins"
+
+        return ConflictResult(
+            winner_agent_id=winner,
+            loser_agent_id=loser,
+            resource_key=resource_key,
+            strategy_used=ConflictStrategy.PRIORITY_BASED,
+            reason=reason,
+        )
+
+    def _resolve_first_write(
+        self,
+        resource_key: str,
+        other_session: SessionInfo | None,
+    ) -> ConflictResult:
+        """Resolve conflict using first-write-wins."""
+        # Check who owns the resource
+        client = self._memory._client
+        if client is None:
+            return ConflictResult(
+                winner_agent_id=self._agent_id,
+                loser_agent_id=other_session.agent_id if other_session else "unknown",
+                resource_key=resource_key,
+                strategy_used=ConflictStrategy.FIRST_WRITE_WINS,
+                reason="No Redis connection - local wins",
+            )
+
+        # Try to get lock on resource
+        lock_key = f"empathy:lock:{resource_key}"
+        acquired = client.setnx(lock_key, self._agent_id)
+
+        if acquired:
+            client.expire(lock_key, 300)  # 5 minute lock
+            winner, loser = self._agent_id, other_session.agent_id if other_session else "unknown"
+            reason = "First to acquire lock"
+        else:
+            current_owner = client.get(lock_key)
+            if isinstance(current_owner, bytes):
+                current_owner = current_owner.decode()
+            winner = current_owner or "unknown"
+            loser = self._agent_id
+            reason = "Lock already held"
+
+        return ConflictResult(
+            winner_agent_id=winner,
+            loser_agent_id=loser,
+            resource_key=resource_key,
+            strategy_used=ConflictStrategy.FIRST_WRITE_WINS,
+            reason=reason,
+        )
+
+    def _resolve_last_write(
+        self,
+        resource_key: str,
+        other_session: SessionInfo | None,
+    ) -> ConflictResult:
+        """Resolve conflict using last-write-wins (current writer wins)."""
+        return ConflictResult(
+            winner_agent_id=self._agent_id,
+            loser_agent_id=other_session.agent_id if other_session else "unknown",
+            resource_key=resource_key,
+            strategy_used=ConflictStrategy.LAST_WRITE_WINS,
+            reason="Last write wins - current writer takes precedence",
+        )
+
+    # === Distributed Locking ===
+
+    def acquire_lock(
+        self,
+        resource_key: str,
+        timeout_seconds: int = 300,
+    ) -> bool:
+        """Acquire a distributed lock on a resource.
+
+        Args:
+            resource_key: Key of the resource to lock
+            timeout_seconds: Lock timeout in seconds
+
+        Returns:
+            True if lock acquired, False otherwise
+        """
+        client = self._memory._client
+        if client is None:
+            return False
+
+        lock_key = f"empathy:lock:{resource_key}"
+        acquired = client.setnx(lock_key, self._agent_id)
+
+        if acquired:
+            client.expire(lock_key, timeout_seconds)
+            logger.debug(
+                "lock_acquired",
+                resource_key=resource_key,
+                agent_id=self._agent_id,
+            )
+
+        return bool(acquired)
+
+    def release_lock(self, resource_key: str) -> bool:
+        """Release a distributed lock.
+
+        Args:
+            resource_key: Key of the resource to unlock
+
+        Returns:
+            True if lock released, False if not owner
+        """
+        client = self._memory._client
+        if client is None:
+            return False
+
+        lock_key = f"empathy:lock:{resource_key}"
+        current_owner = client.get(lock_key)
+
+        if current_owner:
+            if isinstance(current_owner, bytes):
+                current_owner = current_owner.decode()
+            if current_owner == self._agent_id:
+                client.delete(lock_key)
+                logger.debug(
+                    "lock_released",
+                    resource_key=resource_key,
+                    agent_id=self._agent_id,
+                )
+                return True
+
+        return False
+
+    def check_lock(self, resource_key: str) -> str | None:
+        """Check who holds a lock on a resource.
+
+        Args:
+            resource_key: Key of the resource
+
+        Returns:
+            Agent ID of lock holder, or None if unlocked
+        """
+        client = self._memory._client
+        if client is None:
+            return None
+
+        lock_key = f"empathy:lock:{resource_key}"
+        owner = client.get(lock_key)
+
+        if owner:
+            if isinstance(owner, bytes):
+                return owner.decode()
+            return str(owner)
+
+        return None
+
+    # === Event Handlers ===
+
+    def on_session_joined(self, handler: Callable[[SessionInfo], None]) -> None:
+        """Register handler for when a session joins.
+
+        Args:
+            handler: Callback receiving SessionInfo of joining session
+        """
+        self._on_session_joined.append(handler)
+
+    def on_session_left(self, handler: Callable[[str], None]) -> None:
+        """Register handler for when a session leaves.
+
+        Args:
+            handler: Callback receiving agent_id of departing session
+        """
+        self._on_session_left.append(handler)
+
+    def subscribe_to_sessions(self) -> None:
+        """Subscribe to session events (join/leave).
+
+        Note: This blocks and should be called in a separate thread.
+        """
+        client = self._memory._client
+        if client is None:
+            return
+
+        pubsub = client.pubsub()
+        pubsub.subscribe(CHANNEL_SESSIONS)
+
+        for message in pubsub.listen():
+            if message["type"] != "message":
+                continue
+
+            try:
+                data = message["data"]
+                if isinstance(data, bytes):
+                    data = data.decode()
+                event = json.loads(data)
+
+                if event.get("event") == "session_joined":
+                    session_info = SessionInfo.from_dict(event["session"])
+                    for joined_handler in self._on_session_joined:
+                        joined_handler(session_info)
+                elif event.get("event") == "session_left":
+                    agent_id = event["agent_id"]
+                    for left_handler in self._on_session_left:
+                        left_handler(agent_id)
+            except (json.JSONDecodeError, KeyError, ValueError) as e:
+                logger.warning("invalid_session_event", error=str(e))
+
+    # === Cleanup ===
+
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        """Clean up and depart."""
+        self.depart()
+
+
+# === Background Service ===
+
+
+class BackgroundService:
+    """Background service daemon for cross-session coordination.
+
+    This service runs persistently to:
+    - Maintain registry of active sessions
+    - Aggregate results from completed tasks
+    - Clean up stale session data
+    - Coordinate conflict resolution
+    - Promote patterns to long-term memory (when ready)
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        memory: RedisShortTermMemory,
+        auto_start_on_connect: bool = True,
+    ):
+        """Initialize background service.
+
+        Args:
+            memory: RedisShortTermMemory instance
+            auto_start_on_connect: Start automatically when first session connects
+        """
+        if memory.use_mock:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "Background service requires Redis. "
+                "Mock mode does not support cross-session features."
+            )
+
+        self._memory = memory
+        self._auto_start = auto_start_on_connect
+        self._coordinator: CrossSessionCoordinator | None = None
+        self._running = False
+        self._service_thread: threading.Thread | None = None
+        self._stop_event = threading.Event()
+
+        logger.info("background_service_initialized")
+
+    @property
+    def is_running(self) -> bool:
+        """Check if service is running."""
+        return self._running
+
+    def start(self) -> bool:
+        """Start the background service.
+
+        Returns:
+            True if started, False if already running or couldn't acquire lock
+        """
+        if self._running:
+            logger.warning("service_already_running")
+            return False
+
+        # Try to acquire service lock (only one service can run)
+        if not self._acquire_service_lock():
+            logger.warning("service_lock_held_by_another")
+            return False
+
+        # Create coordinator for service
+        self._coordinator = CrossSessionCoordinator(
+            memory=self._memory,
+            session_type=SessionType.SERVICE,
+            access_tier=AccessTier.STEWARD,
+            capabilities=["coordinate", "aggregate", "cleanup", "promote"],
+            auto_announce=True,
+        )
+
+        # Start service loop
+        self._running = True
+        self._stop_event.clear()
+        self._service_thread = threading.Thread(
+            target=self._service_loop,
+            daemon=True,
+            name="empathy-service",
+        )
+        self._service_thread.start()
+
+        logger.info(
+            "background_service_started",
+            agent_id=self._coordinator.agent_id,
+        )
+        return True
+
+    def stop(self) -> None:
+        """Stop the background service."""
+        if not self._running:
+            return
+
+        self._stop_event.set()
+
+        if self._service_thread:
+            self._service_thread.join(timeout=10)
+            self._service_thread = None
+
+        if self._coordinator:
+            self._coordinator.close()
+            self._coordinator = None
+
+        self._release_service_lock()
+        self._running = False
+
+        logger.info("background_service_stopped")
+
+    def _acquire_service_lock(self) -> bool:
+        """Try to acquire the service lock."""
+        client = self._memory._client
+        if client is None:
+            return False
+
+        # Use SETNX for atomic lock acquisition
+        acquired = client.setnx(KEY_SERVICE_LOCK, os.getpid())
+        if acquired:
+            client.expire(KEY_SERVICE_LOCK, SERVICE_LOCK_TTL_SECONDS)
+        return bool(acquired)
+
+    def _release_service_lock(self) -> None:
+        """Release the service lock."""
+        client = self._memory._client
+        if client:
+            client.delete(KEY_SERVICE_LOCK)
+
+    def _refresh_service_lock(self) -> None:
+        """Refresh the service lock TTL."""
+        client = self._memory._client
+        if client:
+            client.expire(KEY_SERVICE_LOCK, SERVICE_LOCK_TTL_SECONDS)
+            client.set(KEY_SERVICE_HEARTBEAT, datetime.now().isoformat())
+
+    def _service_loop(self) -> None:
+        """Main service loop."""
+        cleanup_interval = 60  # Clean up stale sessions every 60 seconds
+        last_cleanup = time.time()
+
+        while not self._stop_event.wait(10):  # Check every 10 seconds
+            try:
+                # Refresh service lock
+                self._refresh_service_lock()
+
+                # Periodic cleanup
+                if time.time() - last_cleanup > cleanup_interval:
+                    self._cleanup_stale_sessions()
+                    last_cleanup = time.time()
+
+            except Exception as e:
+                logger.exception("service_loop_error", error=str(e))
+
+    def _cleanup_stale_sessions(self) -> None:
+        """Clean up stale session data."""
+        if not self._coordinator:
+            return
+
+        # Get all sessions (this already cleans stale ones)
+        sessions = self._coordinator.get_active_sessions()
+        logger.debug(
+            "cleanup_completed",
+            active_sessions=len(sessions),
+        )
+
+    def get_status(self) -> dict[str, Any]:
+        """Get service status.
+
+        Returns:
+            Dict with service status information
+        """
+        status: dict[str, Any] = {
+            "running": self._running,
+            "agent_id": self._coordinator.agent_id if self._coordinator else None,
+            "active_sessions": 0,
+        }
+
+        if self._coordinator:
+            sessions = self._coordinator.get_active_sessions()
+            status["active_sessions"] = len(sessions)
+            status["sessions"] = [s.to_dict() for s in sessions]
+
+        return status
+
+
+# === Convenience Functions ===
+
+
+def check_redis_cross_session_support(memory: RedisShortTermMemory) -> bool:
+    """Check if Redis supports cross-session communication.
+
+    Args:
+        memory: RedisShortTermMemory instance
+
+    Returns:
+        True if Redis is available and not in mock mode
+    """
+    return not memory.use_mock and memory._client is not None
+
+
+def get_or_start_service(memory: RedisShortTermMemory) -> BackgroundService | None:
+    """Get existing service or start a new one.
+
+    Args:
+        memory: RedisShortTermMemory instance
+
+    Returns:
+        BackgroundService if started/running, None if unavailable
+    """
+    if not check_redis_cross_session_support(memory):
+        return None
+
+    service = BackgroundService(memory)
+    if service.start():
+        return service
+
+    # Service already running elsewhere
+    return None