amps-python-client 5.3.4.1__zip

amps-python-client-5.3.4.1/src/cpp/src/tcps.c

@@ -0,0 +1,1894 @@
+/*//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2010-2023 60East Technologies Inc., All Rights Reserved.
+//
+// This computer software is owned by 60East Technologies Inc. and is
+// protected by U.S. copyright laws and other laws and by international
+// treaties.  This computer software is furnished by 60East Technologies
+// Inc. pursuant to a written license agreement and may be used, copied,
+// transmitted, and stored only in accordance with the terms of such
+// license agreement and with the inclusion of the above copyright notice.
+// This computer software or any other copies thereof may not be provided
+// or otherwise made available to any other person.
+//
+// U.S. Government Restricted Rights.  This computer software: (a) was
+// developed at private expense and is in all respects the proprietary
+// information of 60East Technologies Inc.; (b) was not developed with
+// government funds; (c) is a trade secret of 60East Technologies Inc.
+// for all purposes of the Freedom of Information Act; and (d) is a
+// commercial item and thus, pursuant to Section 12.212 of the Federal
+// Acquisition Regulations (FAR) and DFAR Supplement Section 227.7202,
+// Government's use, duplication or disclosure of the computer software
+// is subject to the restrictions set forth by 60East Technologies Inc..
+//
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// */
+#if _MSC_VER < 1400
+  /*support for visual c++ 2003 */
+  #define _WIN32_WINNT 0x0400
+#endif
+#include <amps/amps_impl.h>
+#include <amps/amps_ssl.h>
+#include <amps/ampsuri.h>
+#if __STDC_VERSION__ >= 201100
+#include <stdatomic.h>
+#include <stdbool.h>
+#define AMPS_IEX(ptr, value) atomic_exchange_explicit((ptr), (value), memory_order_acq_rel)
+#define AMPS_IEX_GET(ptr, value) atomic_exchange_explicit((ptr), (value), memory_order_acq_rel)
+#define AMPS_IEX_LONG(ptr, value) atomic_exchange_explicit((ptr), (value), memory_order_acq_rel)
+#define AMPS_FETCH_ADD(ptr, value) atomic_fetch_add_explicit((ptr), (value), memory_order_acq_rel)
+#define AMPS_FETCH_SUB(ptr, value) atomic_fetch_sub_explicit((ptr), (value), memory_order_acq_rel)
+#elif defined(_WIN32)
+#ifdef _WIN64
+  #define AMPS_IEX(ptr,value) _InterlockedExchange64((LONG64*)(ptr), (LONG64)(value))
+  #define AMPS_IEX_GET(ptr,value) _InterlockedExchange64((LONG64*)(ptr), (LONG64)(value))
+  #define AMPS_IEX_LONG(ptr,value) _InterlockedExchange((ptr), (value))
+  #define AMPS_FETCH_ADD(ptr, value) InterlockedExchangeAdd64((LONGLONG volatile*)(ptr), (LONGLONG)(value))
+  #define AMPS_FETCH_SUB(ptr, value) InterlockedExchangeAdd64((LONGLONG volatile*)(ptr), (LONGLONG)(-1 * (value)))
+#else
+  #define AMPS_IEX(ptr,value) _InterlockedExchange((long*)(ptr), (LONG)(value))
+  #define AMPS_IEX_GET(ptr,value) _InterlockedExchange((long*)(ptr), (LONG)(value))
+  #define AMPS_IEX_LONG(ptr,value) _InterlockedExchange((ptr), (LONG)(value))
+  #define AMPS_FETCH_ADD(ptr, value) InterlockedExchangeAdd((LONG volatile*)(ptr), (LONG)(value))
+  #define AMPS_FETCH_SUB(ptr, value) InterlockedExchangeAdd((LONG volatile*)(ptr), (LONG)(-1 * (value)))
+#endif
+#else
+#define AMPS_IEX(ptr, value) (void)__sync_lock_test_and_set((ptr), (value))
+#define AMPS_IEX_GET(ptr, value) __sync_lock_test_and_set((ptr), (value))
+#define AMPS_IEX_LONG(ptr, value) (void)__sync_lock_test_and_set((ptr), (value))
+#define AMPS_FETCH_ADD(ptr, value) __sync_fetch_and_add((ptr), (value))
+#define AMPS_FETCH_SUB(ptr, value) __sync_fetch_and_sub((ptr), (value))
+#endif
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+
+/* Causes linked programs to add ws2_32.lib which is required by
+ * this module. If you'd like to turn this off, define the macro
+ * AMPS_WINDOWS_NO_DEFAULT_LIBS.
+ */
+#ifndef AMPS_WINDOWS_NO_DEFAULT_LIBS
+  #pragma comment(lib,"ws2_32.lib")
+#endif
+
+#include <Ws2tcpip.h>
+#define GET_ERRNO (WSAGetLastError())
+#define SOCK_ERRORCODE(x) WSA##x
+#define AMPS_INITLOCK(x) InitializeCriticalSection(x)
+#define AMPS_LOCK(x) EnterCriticalSection(x)
+/* defined in tcp.c */
+int amps_win_spin_lock(LPCRITICAL_SECTION x);
+#define AMPS_SPIN_LOCK(x) amps_win_spin_lock(x)
+#define AMPS_SPIN_LOCK_UNLIMITED(x) EnterCriticalSection(x)
+#define AMPS_UNLOCK(x) LeaveCriticalSection(x)
+#define AMPS_KILLLOCK(x) DeleteCriticalSection(x)
+int tcpsThreadTimeoutMillis = 10000;
+#define AMPS_JOIN_DECLARE() \
+  DWORD tid = (DWORD)0; \
+  HANDLE tidH = (HANDLE)0
+
+#define AMPS_JOIN(x) \
+  tid = (DWORD)AMPS_IEX(&x, 0); \
+  tidH = (HANDLE)AMPS_IEX(&x##H, 0); \
+  if (tid != 0 && tid != GetCurrentThreadId()) \
+  { \
+    if(WAIT_TIMEOUT == WaitForSingleObject(tidH, tcpsThreadTimeoutMillis)) \
+    { \
+      TerminateThread(tidH, -1); \
+    } \
+  }
+#define AMPS_SLEEP(x) \
+  Sleep(x)
+#define SHUT_RDWR SD_BOTH
+#else
+#define GET_ERRNO (errno)
+#define SOCK_ERRORCODE(x) x
+#include <pthread.h>
+
+static pthread_mutexattr_t _mutexattr_recursive;
+#define AMPS_INITLOCK(x) { \
+    pthread_mutexattr_init(&_mutexattr_recursive); \
+    pthread_mutexattr_settype(&_mutexattr_recursive, PTHREAD_MUTEX_RECURSIVE);\
+    pthread_mutex_init(x, &_mutexattr_recursive); }
+#define AMPS_LOCK(x) pthread_mutex_lock(x)
+#define AMPS_SPIN_LOCK(x) amps_spin_lock_counted(x)
+#define AMPS_SPIN_LOCK_UNLIMITED(x) amps_spin_lock_unlimited(x)
+
+#define AMPS_UNLOCK(x) pthread_mutex_unlock(x)
+#define AMPS_KILLLOCK(x) pthread_mutex_destroy(x)
+#define AMPS_JOIN_DECLARE() \
+  pthread_t tid = (pthread_t)0;
+
+#if __STDC_VERSION__ >= 201100
+#define AMPS_JOIN(x) \
+  tid = atomic_exchange((&x), (pthread_t)0); \
+  if(tid!=(pthread_t)0 && tid!=pthread_self()) \
+  { \
+    pthread_join(tid, NULL); \
+  }
+#else
+#define AMPS_JOIN(x) \
+  tid = AMPS_FETCH_ADD(&x, (pthread_t)0); \
+  if(tid!=(pthread_t)0 && tid!=pthread_self()) \
+  { \
+    if(__sync_bool_compare_and_swap(&x, tid, (pthread_t)0)) \
+    { \
+      pthread_join(tid, NULL); \
+    } \
+  }
+#endif
+
+#define AMPS_SLEEP(x) { \
+    static struct timespec ts = { x/1000, (x%1000) * 1000000 }; \
+    nanosleep(&ts, NULL); }
+#endif
+
+typedef struct
+{
+  amps_thread_created_callback threadCreatedCallback;
+  void* threadCreatedCallbackUserData;
+  char* buf;
+  amps_int64_t serializer;
+  amps_handler messageHandler;
+  void* messageHandlerUserData;
+  amps_transport_filter_function filterFunction;
+  void* filterUserData;
+
+  amps_predisconnect_handler predisconnectHandler;
+  void* predisconnectHandlerUserData;
+  amps_handler disconnectHandler;
+  void* disconnectHandlerUserData;
+  amps_uint64_t readTimeoutMillis;
+  amps_uint64_t idleTimeMillis;
+#if __STDC_VERSION__ >= 201100
+  atomic_int_fast64_t threadCreatedCallbackResult;
+  _Atomic unsigned connectionVersion;
+#else
+#if defined(_WIN32) && !defined(_WIN64)
+  volatile long threadCreatedCallbackResult;
+#else
+  volatile amps_int64_t threadCreatedCallbackResult;
+#endif
+  volatile unsigned connectionVersion;
+#endif
+
+  size_t capacity;
+#if __STDC_VERSION__ >= 201100
+  _Atomic AMPS_SOCKET fd;
+  _Atomic(_amps_SSL*)  ssl;
+  atomic_bool disconnecting;
+  atomic_bool destroying;
+#else
+  volatile AMPS_SOCKET fd;
+  _amps_SSL*  ssl;
+  volatile long disconnecting;
+  volatile long destroying;
+#endif
+#ifdef _WIN32
+  CRITICAL_SECTION lock;
+  CRITICAL_SECTION sendLock;
+#if __STDC_VERSION__ >= 201100
+  _Atomic DWORD thread;
+  _Atomic HANDLE threadH;
+#else
+  volatile DWORD thread;
+  volatile HANDLE threadH;
+#endif
+#else
+  pthread_mutex_t lock;
+  pthread_mutex_t sendLock;
+#if __STDC_VERSION__ >= 201100
+  _Atomic pthread_t thread;
+#else
+  volatile pthread_t thread;
+#endif
+#endif
+  char lastErrorBuf[1024];
+}
+amps_tcps_t;
+
+const amps_char* amps_tcps_get_last_error(
+  amps_handle transport)
+{
+  return ((amps_tcps_t*)transport)->lastErrorBuf;
+}
+
+void amps_tcps_set_error(
+  amps_tcps_t* transport,
+  const amps_char* buffer)
+{
+  _AMPS_SNPRINTF(transport->lastErrorBuf, sizeof(transport->lastErrorBuf), "%s", buffer);
+  transport->lastErrorBuf[sizeof(transport->lastErrorBuf) - 1] = '\0';
+}
+
+void amps_tcps_set_socket_error(
+  amps_tcps_t* transport,
+  int errorCode)
+{
+#ifdef _WIN32
+  char localBuf[256];
+  FormatMessageA(FORMAT_MESSAGE_FROM_SYSTEM, NULL, errorCode, 0, localBuf, sizeof(localBuf), NULL);
+  amps_tcps_set_error(transport, localBuf);
+#else
+  amps_tcps_set_error(transport, strerror(errorCode));
+#endif
+}
+
+void amps_tcps_set_hostname_error(
+  amps_tcps_t* transport,
+  int rc,
+  int errorCode)
+{
+#ifdef _WIN32
+  amps_tcps_set_socket_error(transport, errorCode);
+#else
+  strncpy(transport->lastErrorBuf, gai_strerror(rc), sizeof(transport->lastErrorBuf));
+  transport->lastErrorBuf[sizeof(transport->lastErrorBuf) - 1] = '\0';
+#endif
+}
+
+void amps_tcps_set_error_stack_error(amps_tcps_t* transport)
+{
+  char buffer[256];
+  _amps_ERR_error_string_n(_amps_ERR_get_error(), buffer, 256);
+  amps_tcps_set_error(transport, buffer);
+}
+
+void amps_tcps_set_ssl_error(amps_tcps_t* transport,
+                             int rc,
+                             int sysError)
+{
+  char buffer[256];
+  if (!transport->ssl)
+  {
+    _AMPS_SNPRINTF(buffer, 256, "SSL error, SSL is closing");
+    amps_tcps_set_error(transport, buffer);
+    return;
+  }
+  int sslError = _amps_SSL_get_error(transport->ssl, rc);
+  unsigned long errorQueue = 0;
+  switch (sslError)
+  {
+  case AMPS_SSL_ERROR_SSL:
+    amps_tcps_set_error_stack_error(transport);
+    break;
+  case AMPS_SSL_ERROR_SYSCALL:
+    errorQueue = _amps_ERR_get_error();
+    if (errorQueue)
+    {
+      _amps_ERR_error_string_n(errorQueue, buffer, 256);
+      amps_tcps_set_error(transport, buffer);
+    }
+    else if (rc == 0 || sysError == 0)
+    {
+      amps_tcps_set_error(transport, "An unexpected disconnect occurred.");
+    }
+    else
+    {
+      amps_tcps_set_socket_error(transport, sysError);
+    }
+    break;
+  default:
+    _AMPS_SNPRINTF(buffer, 256, "Unexpected SSL error %d", sslError);
+    amps_tcps_set_error(transport, buffer);
+    return;
+  }
+}
+
+void
+amps_tcps_noop_filter_function(const unsigned char* data, size_t length, short direction, void* userdata)
+{;}
+
+void amps_tcps_atfork_handler(amps_tcps_t* transport_, int code_)
+{
+  switch (code_)
+  {
+  case 0:
+    break;
+  case 1:
+    break;
+  case 2:
+    /* Reinitialize the transport lock in the forked child */
+    AMPS_INITLOCK(&transport_->lock);
+    break;
+  }
+}
+
+amps_handle amps_tcps_create(void)
+{
+  amps_tcps_t* transport = (amps_tcps_t*)malloc(sizeof(amps_tcps_t));
+
+  if (transport != NULL)
+  {
+    memset(transport, 0, sizeof(amps_tcps_t));
+    transport->fd = AMPS_INVALID_SOCKET;
+    transport->ssl = NULL;
+    AMPS_INITLOCK(&transport->lock);
+    AMPS_INITLOCK(&transport->sendLock);
+#if __STDC_VERSION__ >= 201100
+    transport->disconnecting = false;
+    transport->destroying = false;
+#endif
+    transport->filterFunction = &amps_tcps_noop_filter_function;
+    amps_atfork_add(transport, (_amps_atfork_callback_function)amps_tcps_atfork_handler);
+  }
+
+  return transport;
+}
+#ifdef _WIN32
+  DWORD amps_tcps_threaded_reader(void* userData);
+#else
+  void* amps_tcps_threaded_reader(void* userData);
+#endif
+
+int
+amps_tcps_opt_parse(const char* val, size_t valLen, int* parsed)
+{
+  size_t i;
+  if (valLen == 4 && memcmp(val, "true", 4) == 0)
+  {
+    *parsed = 1;
+    return 1;
+  }
+  else if (valLen == 5 && memcmp(val, "false", 5) == 0)
+  {
+    *parsed = 0;
+    return 1;
+  }
+  else
+  {
+    *parsed = 0;
+    for (i = 0; i < valLen ; i++)
+    {
+      *parsed *= 10;
+      if (val[i] >= '0' && val[i] <= '9')
+      {
+        *parsed += val[i] - '0';
+      }
+      else
+      {
+        return 0;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  return 1;
+}
+
+amps_result
+amps_tcps_apply_socket_property(AMPS_SOCKET fd, const char* key, size_t keyLen, const
+                                char* val, size_t valLen)
+{
+  int value = 0, level = SOL_SOCKET, optname;
+  unsigned int optValueSize = sizeof(int);
+  char* optValuePtr = (char*)&value;
+  struct linger lingerStruct;
+  if (keyLen == 4 && memcmp(key, "bind", keyLen) == 0)
+  {
+    struct addrinfo* pAddrInfo = NULL, addrhints;
+    char addr[256] = { 0 };
+    char port[256] = { 0 };
+    size_t addrLen = valLen, portLen = 0;
+    char* portStr = (char*)(memchr((void*)val, ':', valLen));
+    char* ipv6Str = (char*)(memchr((void*)val, '[', valLen));
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+    int addrFamily = 0;
+    WSAPROTOCOL_INFOW localProto;
+    int localProtoLen = sizeof(WSAPROTOCOL_INFO);
+    if (getsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_PROTOCOL_INFO, (char*)&localProto, &localProtoLen) == SOCKET_ERROR)
+    {
+      return AMPS_E_URI;
+    }
+    addrFamily = localProto.iAddressFamily;
+#elif !defined(__APPLE__)
+    int addrFamily = 0;
+    socklen_t addrFamilyLen = sizeof(addrFamily);
+    if (getsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, AMPS_SO_DOMAIN, (void*)&addrFamily, &addrFamilyLen) < 0)
+    {
+      return AMPS_E_URI;
+    }
+#endif
+
+    if (ipv6Str)
+    {
+      ++ipv6Str;
+      char* ipv6StrEnd = (char*)(memchr((void*)ipv6Str, ']', (size_t)(val + valLen - ipv6Str)));
+      if (!ipv6StrEnd)
+      {
+        return AMPS_E_URI;
+      }
+      addrLen = (size_t)(ipv6StrEnd - ipv6Str);
+      memcpy(addr, ipv6Str, addrLen);
+      addr[addrLen] = '\0';
+
+      if ((size_t)(val + valLen - ++ipv6StrEnd) < valLen && *ipv6StrEnd == ':')
+      {
+        portLen = (size_t)(val + valLen - ++ipv6StrEnd);
+        memcpy(port, ipv6StrEnd, portLen);
+        port[portLen] = '\0';
+      }
+    }
+    else if (portStr)
+    {
+      addrLen = (size_t)(portStr - val);
+      portLen = (size_t)(val + valLen - ++portStr);
+      memcpy(addr, val, addrLen);
+      addr[addrLen] = '\0';
+      memcpy(port, portStr, portLen);
+      port[portLen] = '\0';
+    }
+    else
+    {
+      memcpy(addr, val, addrLen);
+      addr[addrLen] = '\0';
+    }
+
+    /* use getaddrinfo() to find an appropriate address */
+    memset(&addrhints, 0, sizeof(struct addrinfo));
+    addrhints.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM;
+    addrhints.ai_protocol = 0;
+#ifndef __APPLE__
+    addrhints.ai_family = addrFamily; // match the family of the socket
+#else
+    if (ipv6Str)
+    {
+      addrhints.ai_family = AF_INET6;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+      addrhints.ai_family = AF_INET;
+    }
+#endif
+    addrhints.ai_flags = (AI_V4MAPPED | AI_ADDRCONFIG | AI_PASSIVE);
+
+    int rc = getaddrinfo(addr, port, &addrhints, &pAddrInfo);
+    if (rc != 0 || pAddrInfo == NULL)
+    {
+      if (pAddrInfo)
+      {
+        freeaddrinfo(pAddrInfo);
+      }
+      return AMPS_E_URI;
+    }
+
+    if (bind(fd, pAddrInfo->ai_addr, (socklen_t)pAddrInfo->ai_addrlen) != 0)
+    {
+      freeaddrinfo(pAddrInfo);
+      return AMPS_E_URI;
+    }
+    freeaddrinfo(pAddrInfo);
+    return AMPS_E_OK;
+  }
+  else if (keyLen == 18 && memcmp(key, "ip_protocol_prefer", keyLen) == 0)
+  {
+    // no-op; handled in the connect function
+    return AMPS_E_OK;
+  }
+  else if (keyLen == 3 && memcmp(key, "sni", keyLen) == 0)
+  {
+    // no-op; handled in amps_tcps_apply_ssl_properties
+    return AMPS_E_OK;
+  }
+  // properties after this point must only be boolean or numeric
+  if (!amps_tcps_opt_parse(val, valLen, &value))
+  {
+    return AMPS_E_URI;
+  }
+  if (keyLen == 10 && memcmp(key, "tcp_rcvbuf", keyLen) == 0)
+  {
+    optname = SO_RCVBUF;
+  }
+  else if (keyLen == 13 && memcmp(key, "tcp_keepalive", keyLen) == 0 )
+  {
+    optname = SO_KEEPALIVE;
+  }
+  else if (keyLen == 10 && memcmp(key, "tcp_sndbuf", keyLen) == 0)
+  {
+    optname = SO_SNDBUF;
+  }
+  else if (keyLen == 11 && memcmp(key, "tcp_nodelay", keyLen) == 0)
+  {
+    optname = TCP_NODELAY;
+    level = IPPROTO_TCP;
+  }
+  else if (keyLen == 10 && memcmp(key, "tcp_linger", keyLen) == 0)
+  {
+    optname = SO_LINGER;
+    lingerStruct.l_onoff = value != 0;
+    lingerStruct.l_linger = (u_short)value;
+    optValuePtr = (char*)&lingerStruct;
+    optValueSize = sizeof(struct linger);
+  }
+  else if (keyLen == 6 && memcmp(key, "pretty", keyLen) == 0)
+  {
+    // no-op; handled in C++ layer
+    return AMPS_E_OK;
+  }
+  else
+  {
+    return AMPS_E_URI;
+  }
+
+  /* set it */
+  if (setsockopt(fd, level, optname, optValuePtr, optValueSize))
+  {
+    return AMPS_E_URI;
+  }
+  return AMPS_E_OK;
+}
+
+amps_result
+amps_tcps_apply_socket_properties(AMPS_SOCKET fd, const char* uri,
+                                  size_t uriLength, amps_uri_state* uriState)
+{
+  const char* key = NULL;
+  size_t keyLength = 0;
+  /* First, enable tcp_keepalive by default */
+  int value = 1;
+  unsigned int optValueSize = sizeof(int);
+  char* optValuePtr = (char*)&value;
+  if (setsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_KEEPALIVE, optValuePtr, optValueSize))
+  {
+    return AMPS_E_URI;
+  }
+  /* Now, parse the rest of the URI */
+  while (uriState->part_id < AMPS_URI_ERROR)
+  {
+    amps_uri_parse(uri, uriLength, uriState);
+    if (uriState->part_id == AMPS_URI_OPTION_KEY)
+    {
+      key = uriState->part;
+      keyLength = uriState->part_length;
+    }
+    else if (uriState->part_id == AMPS_URI_OPTION_VALUE)
+    {
+      if (amps_tcps_apply_socket_property(fd, key, keyLength,
+                                          uriState->part, uriState->part_length) != AMPS_E_OK)
+      {
+        return AMPS_E_URI;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  if (uriState->part_id == AMPS_URI_ERROR)
+  {
+    return AMPS_E_URI;
+  }
+  return AMPS_E_OK;
+}
+
+int
+amps_tcps_apply_ssl_properties(_amps_SSL *ssl, const char* uri,
+                               size_t uriLength, amps_uri_state* uriState)
+{
+  int rc = 1;
+  const char *key = NULL;
+  size_t keyLength = 0;
+  while (uriState->part_id < AMPS_URI_ERROR)
+  {
+    amps_uri_parse(uri, uriLength, uriState);
+    if (uriState->part_id == AMPS_URI_OPTION_KEY)
+    {
+      key = uriState->part;
+      keyLength = uriState->part_length;
+    }
+    else if (uriState->part_id == AMPS_URI_OPTION_VALUE)
+    {
+      if (keyLength == 3 && memcmp(key, "sni", keyLength) == 0)
+      {
+        char* hostname = (char*)malloc(uriState->part_length + 1);
+        memcpy(hostname, uriState->part, uriState->part_length);
+        hostname[uriState->part_length] = '\0';
+        rc = _amps_SSL_ctrl(ssl, AMPS_SSL_CTRL_SET_TLSEXT_HOSTNAME, AMPS_TLSEXT_NAMETYPE_host_name, hostname);
+        free(hostname);
+        if (rc != 1)
+        {
+          return rc;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  return rc;
+}
+
+amps_result amps_tcps_set_idle_time(amps_handle transport, int idleTimeMillis);
+amps_result amps_tcps_connect(amps_handle transport, const amps_char* address)
+{
+  AMPS_JOIN_DECLARE();
+  amps_tcps_t* me = (amps_tcps_t*)transport;
+  char* host = NULL, *port = NULL, *protocol = NULL;
+  amps_uri_state uri_state_socket_props, uri_state_addr_props, uri_state_ssl_props;
+  amps_ip_protocol_preference ip_proto_prefer = AMPS_DEFAULT_IP_PROTOCOL_PREFERENCE;
+  int ip_proto_pref_override = 0;
+  int rc, sysError, i;
+  amps_result result = AMPS_E_OK;
+  struct addrinfo* pAddrInfo = NULL, addrhints;
+  size_t address_length = 0;
+  AMPS_SOCKET fd = AMPS_INVALID_SOCKET;
+  _amps_SSL* ssl = 0;
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+  WSADATA wsaData;
+  rc = WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2, 2), &wsaData);
+  if (rc != 0)
+  {
+    amps_tcps_set_error(me, "Windows Sockets could not be started.");
+    return AMPS_E_MEMORY;
+  }
+#endif
+
+  AMPS_LOCK(&me->lock);
+#ifndef _WIN32
+  pthread_cleanup_push(amps_cleanup_unlock_mutex, (void*)&me->lock);
+#endif
+  /* if we were previously marked as disconnecting, forget that. */
+  AMPS_IEX_LONG(&me->disconnecting, 0);
+  AMPS_LOCK(&me->sendLock);
+#ifndef _WIN32
+  pthread_cleanup_push(amps_cleanup_unlock_mutex, (void*)&me->sendLock);
+#endif
+  fd = AMPS_IEX_GET(&me->fd, AMPS_INVALID_SOCKET);
+  ssl = (_amps_SSL*)AMPS_IEX_GET(&me->ssl, 0);
+
+  /* were we previously connected?  go ahead and close that. */
+  if (ssl)
+  {
+    rc = _amps_SSL_shutdown(ssl);
+#ifdef _WIN32
+    sysError = GetLastError();
+#else
+    sysError = errno;
+#endif
+    if (rc < 0)
+    {
+      amps_tcps_set_ssl_error(me, rc, sysError);
+    }
+  }
+  if (fd != AMPS_INVALID_SOCKET)
+  {
+    /* this is a reconnect */
+    shutdown(fd, SHUT_RDWR);
+    closesocket(fd);
+    fd = AMPS_INVALID_SOCKET;
+  }
+  AMPS_JOIN(me->thread);
+  if (ssl)
+  {
+    _amps_SSL_free(ssl);
+    ssl = 0;
+  }
+
+  /* parse out the address */
+  memset(&uri_state_socket_props, 0, sizeof(amps_uri_state));
+  memset(&uri_state_addr_props, 0, sizeof(amps_uri_state));
+  memset(&uri_state_ssl_props, 0, sizeof(amps_uri_state));
+  address_length = strlen(address);
+  while (uri_state_addr_props.part_id < AMPS_URI_ERROR)
+  {
+    amps_uri_parse(address, address_length, &uri_state_addr_props);
+    switch (uri_state_addr_props.part_id)
+    {
+    case AMPS_URI_PROTOCOL:
+      protocol = _AMPS_STRNDUP(uri_state_addr_props.part, uri_state_addr_props.part_length);
+      me->serializer = amps_message_get_protocol(protocol);
+      if (me->serializer == -1)
+      {
+        amps_tcps_set_error(me,
+                            "The URI specified an unavailable protocol.");
+        result = AMPS_E_URI;
+        goto error;
+      }
+      memcpy(&uri_state_socket_props, &uri_state_addr_props, sizeof(amps_uri_state));
+      memcpy(&uri_state_ssl_props, &uri_state_addr_props, sizeof(amps_uri_state));
+      break;
+    case AMPS_URI_HOST:
+      host = _AMPS_STRNDUP(uri_state_addr_props.part, uri_state_addr_props.part_length);
+      break;
+    case AMPS_URI_PORT:
+      port = _AMPS_STRNDUP(uri_state_addr_props.part, uri_state_addr_props.part_length);
+      break;
+    case AMPS_URI_OPTION_KEY:
+      if (uri_state_addr_props.part_length == 18 && memcmp(uri_state_addr_props.part, "ip_protocol_prefer", uri_state_addr_props.part_length) == 0)
+      {
+        ip_proto_pref_override = 1;
+      }
+      break;
+    case AMPS_URI_OPTION_VALUE:
+      if (ip_proto_pref_override)
+      {
+        if (uri_state_addr_props.part_length == 4 && memcmp(uri_state_addr_props.part, "ipv4", uri_state_addr_props.part_length) == 0)
+        {
+          ip_proto_prefer = AMPS_PREFER_IPV4;
+        }
+        else if (uri_state_addr_props.part_length == 4 && memcmp(uri_state_addr_props.part, "ipv6", uri_state_addr_props.part_length) == 0)
+        {
+          ip_proto_prefer = AMPS_PREFER_IPV6;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+          amps_tcps_set_error(me,
+                              "The URI specified an invalid ip protocol preference.");
+          result = AMPS_E_URI;
+          goto error;
+        }
+      }
+      break;
+    default:
+      break;
+    }
+  }
+  if (uri_state_addr_props.part_id == AMPS_URI_ERROR)
+  {
+    amps_tcps_set_error(me, "URI format invalid.");
+    result = AMPS_E_URI;
+    goto error;
+  }
+
+  /* use getaddrinfo() to find an appropriate address */
+  memset(&addrhints, 0, sizeof(struct addrinfo));
+  addrhints.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM;
+  addrhints.ai_protocol = 0;
+  addrhints.ai_flags = (AI_V4MAPPED | AI_ADDRCONFIG);
+  addrhints.ai_family = ip_proto_prefer == AMPS_PREFER_IPV6 ? AF_INET6 : AF_INET; /* Try the preferred protocol first */
+
+  rc = getaddrinfo(host, port, &addrhints, &pAddrInfo);
+#ifdef _WIN32
+  sysError = GetLastError();
+  if (rc == EAI_FAMILY || rc == EAI_NONAME || rc == EAI_AGAIN || rc == EAI_SERVICE)
+#else
+  sysError = errno;
+  if (rc == EAI_ADDRFAMILY || rc == EAI_NONAME || rc == EAI_AGAIN || rc == EAI_SERVICE)
+#endif
+  {
+    // didn't find any addresses of the preferred protocol, try the other one.
+    addrhints.ai_family = ip_proto_prefer == AMPS_PREFER_IPV6 ? AF_INET : AF_INET6;
+    rc = getaddrinfo(host, port, &addrhints, &pAddrInfo);
+#ifdef _WIN32
+    sysError = GetLastError();
+#else
+    sysError = errno;
+#endif
+    if (rc != 0)
+    {
+      /* Try preferred protocol again without AI_ADDRCONFIG */
+      addrhints.ai_flags = AI_V4MAPPED;
+      addrhints.ai_family = ip_proto_prefer == AMPS_PREFER_IPV6 ? AF_INET6 : AF_INET;
+      rc = getaddrinfo(host, port, &addrhints, &pAddrInfo);
+#ifdef _WIN32
+      sysError = GetLastError();
+#else
+      sysError = errno;
+#endif
+    }
+  }
+  if (rc != 0)
+  {
+    result = AMPS_E_CONNECTION_REFUSED;
+    amps_tcps_set_hostname_error(me, rc, sysError);
+    freeaddrinfo(pAddrInfo);
+    goto error;
+  }
+
+  me->fd = socket(pAddrInfo->ai_family, pAddrInfo->ai_socktype, pAddrInfo->ai_protocol);
+#ifdef _WIN32
+  sysError = GetLastError();
+#else
+  sysError = errno;
+#endif
+  if (me->fd == AMPS_INVALID_SOCKET)
+  {
+    freeaddrinfo(pAddrInfo);
+    amps_tcps_set_socket_error(me, sysError);
+    result = AMPS_E_CONNECTION_REFUSED;
+    goto error;
+  }
+
+  /* apply socket properties */
+  if (amps_tcps_apply_socket_properties(me->fd, address, address_length, &uri_state_socket_props) != AMPS_E_OK)
+  {
+    freeaddrinfo(pAddrInfo);
+    fd = AMPS_IEX_GET(&me->fd, AMPS_INVALID_SOCKET);
+    amps_tcps_set_error(me, "The URI specified invalid properties.");
+    result = AMPS_E_URI;
+    goto error;
+  }
+#ifdef __APPLE__
+  rc = 1; /* Set NOSIGPIPE to ON */
+  if (setsockopt(me->fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_NOSIGPIPE, &rc, sizeof(rc)) < 0)
+  {
+    freeaddrinfo(pAddrInfo);
+    fd = AMPS_IEX_GET(&me->fd, AMPS_INVALID_SOCKET);
+    amps_tcps_set_error(me, "Failed to set no SIGPIPE.");
+    result = AMPS_E_CONNECTION;
+    goto error;
+  }
+#endif
+
+  rc = connect(me->fd, pAddrInfo->ai_addr,
+               (socklen_t)pAddrInfo->ai_addrlen);
+#ifdef _WIN32
+  sysError = GetLastError();
+#else
+  sysError = errno;
+#endif
+  freeaddrinfo(pAddrInfo);
+  if (rc == -1)
+  {
+    fd = AMPS_IEX_GET(&me->fd, AMPS_INVALID_SOCKET);
+    amps_tcps_set_socket_error(me, sysError);
+    result = AMPS_E_CONNECTION_REFUSED;
+    goto error;
+  }
+
+  /* On first use, initialize an SSL context if one hasn't been created. */
+  if (!_amps_ssl_ctx)
+  {
+    rc = amps_ssl_init(NULL);
+    if (rc)
+    {
+      fd = AMPS_IEX_GET(&me->fd, AMPS_INVALID_SOCKET);
+      amps_tcps_set_error(me, "Could not initialize an SSL context.");
+      result = AMPS_E_SSL;
+      goto error;
+    }
+  }
+  /* Handshake via SSL */
+  _amps_ERR_clear_error();
+  if (!me->ssl)
+  {
+    me->ssl = _amps_SSL_new(_amps_ssl_ctx);
+  }
+  if (me->ssl == 0)
+  {
+    fd = AMPS_IEX_GET(&me->fd, AMPS_INVALID_SOCKET);
+    amps_tcps_set_error_stack_error(me);
+    result = AMPS_E_SSL;
+    goto error;
+  }
+
+  rc = _amps_SSL_set_fd(me->ssl, (int)me->fd);
+#ifdef _WIN32
+  sysError = GetLastError();
+#else
+  sysError = errno;
+#endif
+  if (rc != 1)
+  {
+    fd = AMPS_IEX_GET(&me->fd, AMPS_INVALID_SOCKET);
+    ssl = (_amps_SSL*)AMPS_IEX_GET(&me->ssl, 0);
+    amps_tcps_set_ssl_error(me, rc, sysError);
+    result = AMPS_E_SSL;
+    goto error;
+  }
+
+  rc = amps_tcps_apply_ssl_properties(me->ssl, address, address_length, &uri_state_ssl_props);
+#ifdef _WIN32
+  sysError = GetLastError();
+#else
+  sysError = errno;
+#endif
+  if (rc != 1)
+  {
+    fd = AMPS_IEX_GET(&me->fd, AMPS_INVALID_SOCKET);
+    ssl = (_amps_SSL*)AMPS_IEX_GET(&me->ssl, 0);
+    amps_tcps_set_ssl_error(me, rc, sysError);
+    result = AMPS_E_SSL;
+    goto error;
+  }
+
+  _amps_SSL_ctrl(me->ssl, AMPS_SSL_CTRL_MODE, AMPS_SSL_AUTO_RETRY, NULL);
+
+  rc = _amps_SSL_connect(me->ssl);
+#ifdef _WIN32
+  sysError = GetLastError();
+#else
+  sysError = errno;
+#endif
+  if (rc != 1)
+  {
+    fd = AMPS_IEX_GET(&me->fd, AMPS_INVALID_SOCKET);
+    ssl = (_amps_SSL*)AMPS_IEX_GET(&me->ssl, 0);
+    amps_tcps_set_ssl_error(me, rc, sysError);
+    result = AMPS_E_SSL;
+    goto error;
+  }
+
+  // tcps transport must use read with a timeout.
+  amps_tcps_set_idle_time(transport, 100);
+
+  /* Increase the connection version now, so that anyone else attempting a reconnect knows
+   * that they may not need to. */
+  me->connectionVersion++;
+  result = AMPS_E_OK;
+
+  /*  and, start up a new reader thread */
+  if (me->threadCreatedCallback)
+  {
+    AMPS_IEX(&me->threadCreatedCallbackResult, -1);
+  }
+#ifdef _WIN32
+  me->threadH = CreateThread(NULL, 0,
+                             (LPTHREAD_START_ROUTINE)amps_tcps_threaded_reader,
+                             me, CREATE_SUSPENDED, (LPDWORD)&me->thread);
+  /* Now that me->thread is populated, we can start the thread.
+   * important to do it in two steps, since we use me->thread as a poor-man's cancellation mechanism */
+  if (me->threadH)
+  {
+    ResumeThread(me->threadH);
+  }
+  else
+  {
+    fd = AMPS_IEX_GET(&me->fd, AMPS_INVALID_SOCKET);
+    ssl = (_amps_SSL*)AMPS_IEX_GET(&me->ssl, 0);
+    amps_tcps_set_error(me, "Failed to create thread for receive");
+    result = AMPS_E_MEMORY;
+    goto error;
+  }
+
+#else
+  rc = pthread_create((pthread_t*)(&me->thread), NULL,
+                      &amps_tcps_threaded_reader, me);
+  if (rc != 0)
+  {
+    fd = AMPS_IEX_GET(&me->fd, AMPS_INVALID_SOCKET);
+    ssl = AMPS_IEX_GET(&me->ssl, 0);
+    amps_tcps_set_error(me, "Failed to create thread for receive");
+    result = AMPS_E_MEMORY;
+    goto error;
+  }
+#endif
+  for (i = 0; i < AMPS_THREAD_START_TIMEOUT && me->threadCreatedCallbackResult == -1; ++i)
+  {
+    AMPS_SLEEP(4);
+  }
+  result = (amps_result)me->threadCreatedCallbackResult;
+  if (me->threadCreatedCallbackResult == -1)
+  {
+    amps_tcps_set_error(me, "Thread created callback failed to return in a timely manner or returned -1.");
+    result = AMPS_E_MEMORY;
+  }
+  if (result != AMPS_E_OK)
+  {
+    fd = AMPS_IEX_GET(&me->fd, AMPS_INVALID_SOCKET);
+    ssl = (_amps_SSL*)AMPS_IEX_GET(&me->ssl, 0);
+    amps_tcps_set_error(me, "Thread creation callback failed");
+  }
+
+error:
+  if (result != AMPS_E_OK)
+  {
+    if (ssl)
+    {
+      rc = _amps_SSL_shutdown(ssl);
+#ifdef _WIN32
+      sysError = GetLastError();
+#else
+      sysError = errno;
+#endif
+      if (rc < 0)
+      {
+        amps_tcps_set_ssl_error(me, rc, sysError);
+      }
+    }
+    if (fd != AMPS_INVALID_SOCKET)
+    {
+      shutdown(fd, SHUT_RDWR);
+      closesocket(fd);
+    }
+    if (ssl)
+    {
+      _amps_SSL_free(ssl);
+      ssl = 0;
+    }
+#ifdef _WIN32
+    me->thread = 0;
+#else
+    me->thread = (pthread_t)0;
+#endif
+  }
+  free(protocol);
+  free(host);
+  free(port);
+  AMPS_UNLOCK(&me->sendLock);
+  AMPS_UNLOCK(&me->lock);
+#ifndef _WIN32
+  pthread_cleanup_pop(0);
+  pthread_cleanup_pop(0);
+#endif
+  return result;
+
+}
+
+amps_result amps_tcps_set_receiver(amps_handle transport, amps_handler receiver, void* userData)
+{
+  amps_tcps_t* me = (amps_tcps_t*)transport;
+  me->messageHandlerUserData = userData;
+  me->messageHandler = receiver;
+  return AMPS_E_OK;
+}
+
+amps_result amps_tcps_set_predisconnect(amps_handle transport,
+                                        amps_predisconnect_handler receiver,
+                                        void* userData)
+{
+  amps_tcps_t* me = (amps_tcps_t*)transport;
+  me->predisconnectHandlerUserData = userData;
+  me->predisconnectHandler = receiver;
+  return AMPS_E_OK;
+}
+
+amps_result amps_tcps_set_disconnect(amps_handle transport, amps_handler receiver, void* userData)
+{
+  amps_tcps_t* me = (amps_tcps_t*)transport;
+  me->disconnectHandlerUserData = userData;
+  me->disconnectHandler = receiver;
+  return AMPS_E_OK;
+}
+
+void amps_tcps_close(amps_handle transport)
+{
+  AMPS_JOIN_DECLARE();
+  amps_tcps_t* me = (amps_tcps_t*)transport;
+  AMPS_SOCKET fd = AMPS_INVALID_SOCKET;
+  _amps_SSL* ssl = 0;
+  AMPS_IEX_LONG(&me->disconnecting, 1);
+  AMPS_LOCK(&me->sendLock);
+#ifndef _WIN32
+  pthread_cleanup_push(amps_cleanup_unlock_mutex, (void*)&me->sendLock);
+#endif
+  fd = AMPS_IEX_GET(&me->fd, AMPS_INVALID_SOCKET);
+  ssl = (_amps_SSL*)AMPS_IEX_GET(&me->ssl, 0);
+  AMPS_UNLOCK(&me->sendLock);
+#ifndef _WIN32
+  pthread_cleanup_pop(0);
+#endif
+  AMPS_SPIN_LOCK_UNLIMITED(&me->lock);
+#ifndef _WIN32
+  pthread_cleanup_push(amps_cleanup_unlock_mutex, (void*)&me->lock);
+#endif
+  if (ssl)
+  {
+    int rc = _amps_SSL_shutdown(ssl);
+#ifdef _WIN32
+    int sysError = GetLastError();
+#else
+    int sysError = errno;
+#endif
+    if (rc == 0 && fd != AMPS_INVALID_SOCKET)
+    {
+      // attempt to wait for the server to send back the matching close notify.
+      struct timeval tv;
+      fd_set readfds, exceptfds;
+      tv.tv_sec = 0;
+      tv.tv_usec = 10000;
+      FD_ZERO(&readfds);
+      FD_SET(fd, &readfds);
+      FD_ZERO(&exceptfds);
+      FD_SET(fd, &exceptfds);
+#ifdef _WIN32
+      select(1, &readfds, 0, &exceptfds, &tv);
+#else
+      select(fd + 1, &readfds, 0, &exceptfds, &tv);
+#endif
+      rc = _amps_SSL_shutdown(ssl);
+    }
+    if (rc < 0)
+    {
+      amps_tcps_set_ssl_error(me, rc, sysError);
+    }
+  }
+  if (fd != AMPS_INVALID_SOCKET)
+  {
+    shutdown(fd, SHUT_RDWR);
+    closesocket(fd);
+  }
+  if (ssl)
+  {
+    _amps_SSL_free(ssl);
+  }
+  AMPS_UNLOCK(&me->lock);
+#ifndef _WIN32
+  pthread_cleanup_pop(0);
+#endif
+  AMPS_JOIN(me->thread);
+}
+
+void amps_tcps_destroy(amps_handle transport)
+{
+  AMPS_JOIN_DECLARE();
+  amps_tcps_t* me = (amps_tcps_t*)transport;
+  AMPS_SOCKET fd = AMPS_INVALID_SOCKET;
+  _amps_SSL* ssl = 0;
+  amps_atfork_remove(me, (_amps_atfork_callback_function)amps_tcps_atfork_handler);
+  AMPS_LOCK(&me->sendLock);
+#ifndef _WIN32
+  pthread_cleanup_push(amps_cleanup_unlock_mutex, (void*)&me->sendLock);
+#endif
+  fd = AMPS_IEX_GET(&me->fd, AMPS_INVALID_SOCKET);
+  ssl = (_amps_SSL*)AMPS_IEX_GET(&me->ssl, 0);
+  AMPS_UNLOCK(&me->sendLock);
+#ifndef _WIN32
+  pthread_cleanup_pop(0);
+#endif
+  AMPS_LOCK(&me->lock);
+#ifndef _WIN32
+  pthread_cleanup_push(amps_cleanup_unlock_mutex, (void*)&me->lock);
+#endif
+#if __STDC_VERSION__ >= 201100
+  me->destroying = true;
+  me->disconnecting = true;
+#else
+  AMPS_IEX_LONG(&me->destroying, 1);
+  AMPS_IEX_LONG(&me->disconnecting, 1);
+#endif
+  if (ssl)
+  {
+    int rc = _amps_SSL_shutdown(ssl);
+#ifdef _WIN32
+    int sysError = GetLastError();
+#else
+    int sysError = errno;
+#endif
+    if (rc == 0 && fd != AMPS_INVALID_SOCKET)
+    {
+      // attempt to wait for the server to send back the matching close notify.
+      struct timeval tv;
+      fd_set readfds, exceptfds;
+      tv.tv_sec = 0;
+      tv.tv_usec = 10000;
+      FD_ZERO(&readfds);
+      FD_SET(fd, &readfds);
+      FD_ZERO(&exceptfds);
+      FD_SET(fd, &exceptfds);
+#ifdef _WIN32
+      select(1, &readfds, 0, &exceptfds, &tv);
+#else
+      select(fd + 1, &readfds, 0, &exceptfds, &tv);
+#endif
+      rc = _amps_SSL_shutdown(ssl);
+    }
+    if (rc < 0)
+    {
+      amps_tcps_set_ssl_error(me, rc, sysError);
+    }
+  }
+  if (fd != AMPS_INVALID_SOCKET)
+  {
+    shutdown(fd, SHUT_RDWR);
+    closesocket(fd);
+  }
+  if (ssl)
+  {
+    _amps_SSL_free(ssl);
+  }
+
+  AMPS_UNLOCK(&me->lock);
+#ifndef _WIN32
+  pthread_cleanup_pop(0);
+#endif
+  AMPS_JOIN(me->thread);
+  AMPS_SLEEP(1);
+  free(me->buf);
+  /* Hopefully, nobody else is using me right now. */
+
+  AMPS_KILLLOCK(&me->lock);
+  AMPS_KILLLOCK(&me->sendLock);
+
+  free(me);
+}
+
+/* called with me->lock not already taken */
+amps_result amps_tcps_handle_disconnect(
+  amps_tcps_t* me, unsigned failedConnectionVersion)
+{
+  AMPS_SOCKET fd = AMPS_INVALID_SOCKET;
+  _amps_SSL* ssl = 0;
+#ifndef _WIN32
+  int cancelState = 0;
+  int unusedCancelState = 0;
+#endif
+  amps_result result = AMPS_E_OK;
+  AMPS_LOCK(&me->sendLock);
+#ifndef _WIN32
+  pthread_cleanup_push(amps_cleanup_unlock_mutex, (void*)&me->sendLock);
+#endif
+  fd = AMPS_IEX_GET(&me->fd, AMPS_INVALID_SOCKET);
+  ssl = (_amps_SSL*)AMPS_IEX_GET(&me->ssl, 0);
+  AMPS_UNLOCK(&me->sendLock);
+#ifndef _WIN32
+  pthread_cleanup_pop(0);
+#endif
+  /* close what we have right now. */
+  if (ssl)
+  {
+    int rc = _amps_SSL_shutdown(ssl);
+#ifdef _WIN32
+    int sysError = GetLastError();
+#else
+    int sysError = errno;
+#endif
+    if (rc == 0 && fd != AMPS_INVALID_SOCKET)
+    {
+      // attempt to wait for the server to send back the matching close notify.
+      struct timeval tv;
+      fd_set readfds, exceptfds;
+      tv.tv_sec = 0;
+      tv.tv_usec = 10000;
+      FD_ZERO(&readfds);
+      FD_SET(fd, &readfds);
+      FD_ZERO(&exceptfds);
+      FD_SET(fd, &exceptfds);
+#ifdef _WIN32
+      select(1, &readfds, 0, &exceptfds, &tv);
+#else
+      select(fd + 1, &readfds, 0, &exceptfds, &tv);
+#endif
+      rc = _amps_SSL_shutdown(ssl);
+    }
+    if (rc < 0)
+    {
+      amps_tcps_set_ssl_error(me, rc, sysError);
+    }
+  }
+  if (fd != AMPS_INVALID_SOCKET)
+  {
+    shutdown(fd, SHUT_RDWR);
+    closesocket(fd);
+  }
+  if (ssl)
+  {
+    _amps_SSL_free(ssl);
+  }
+
+  /* first let waiters know that we've failed. */
+  me->predisconnectHandler(me, failedConnectionVersion, me->predisconnectHandlerUserData);
+
+  /* Now take the lock on self.
+   * Use a spin, the only case where it might fail should be if a recv
+   * thread ends up here while a send thread is already handling disconnect
+   * and it is trying to join this thread in disconnect. */
+  if (AMPS_SPIN_LOCK(&me->lock) == 0)
+  {
+    return AMPS_E_RETRY;
+  }
+#ifndef _WIN32
+  pthread_cleanup_push(amps_cleanup_unlock_mutex, (void*)&me->lock);
+#endif
+
+  /* if we're being destroyed, get out of here; don't worry about unlocking */
+  if (me->destroying)
+  {
+    result = AMPS_E_DISCONNECTED; return result;
+  }
+
+  /* a new connection is available.  let someone else try. */
+  if (failedConnectionVersion != me->connectionVersion)
+  {
+    result = AMPS_E_RETRY;
+    goto error;
+  }
+
+  /* if we're disconnecting, get out of here; don't reconnect */
+  if (me->disconnecting)
+  {
+    result = AMPS_E_DISCONNECTED;
+    goto error;
+  }
+
+#ifndef _WIN32
+  pthread_setcancelstate(PTHREAD_CANCEL_DISABLE, &cancelState);
+#endif
+  /* Call the disconect handler. */
+  result = me->disconnectHandler(me, me->disconnectHandlerUserData);
+#ifndef _WIN32
+  pthread_setcancelstate(cancelState, &unusedCancelState);
+#endif
+  if (result == AMPS_E_OK)
+  {
+    result = AMPS_E_RETRY;
+  }
+
+error:
+#ifndef _WIN32
+  pthread_setcancelstate(PTHREAD_CANCEL_DISABLE, &cancelState);
+#endif
+  AMPS_UNLOCK(&me->lock);
+#ifndef _WIN32
+  pthread_cleanup_pop(0);
+  pthread_setcancelstate(cancelState, &unusedCancelState);
+#endif
+
+  return result;
+}
+
+void amps_tcps_handle_stream_corruption(
+  amps_tcps_t* me, unsigned failedConnectionVersion)
+{
+  amps_tcps_set_error(me, "The connection appears corrupt.  Disconnecting.");
+  amps_tcps_handle_disconnect(me, failedConnectionVersion);
+}
+
+
+amps_result
+amps_tcps_send_with_version(amps_handle transport,
+                            amps_handle message,
+                            unsigned* version_out)
+{
+  amps_result result = AMPS_E_OK;
+  amps_tcps_t* me = (amps_tcps_t*)transport;
+  size_t len = 16 * 1024;
+  int bytesWritten = -1;
+  unsigned int bytesWrittenN = 0;
+  int bytesSent = 0;
+
+  *version_out = me->connectionVersion;
+
+  if (me->disconnecting)
+  {
+    amps_tcps_set_error(me, "Disconnecting.");
+    return AMPS_E_DISCONNECTED;
+  }
+
+  if (me->fd == AMPS_INVALID_SOCKET)
+  {
+    amps_tcps_set_error(me, "Not connected.");
+    return AMPS_E_DISCONNECTED;
+  }
+
+  /* serialize */
+  AMPS_LOCK(&me->sendLock);
+#ifndef _WIN32
+  pthread_cleanup_push(amps_cleanup_unlock_mutex, (void*)&me->sendLock);
+#endif
+  if (me->ssl == 0)
+  {
+    amps_tcps_set_error(me, "Not connected.");
+    result = AMPS_E_CONNECTION;
+    goto error;
+  }
+  while (bytesWritten < 0)
+  {
+    if (me->buf == NULL)
+    {
+      me->buf = (char*)malloc(len);
+      if (me->buf == NULL)
+      {
+        amps_tcps_set_error(me, "Unable to allocate memory to send message.");
+        result = AMPS_E_MEMORY;
+        goto error;
+      }
+      me->capacity = len;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+      len = me->capacity;
+    }
+    /* reserve 4 bytes for the length of the message */
+    bytesWritten = amps_message_serialize(message, me->serializer, (me->buf) + 4, len - 4);
+    /* amps_message_serialize could have written 0 bytes.
+     * who are we to judge?  If it returns less than 0,
+     * there wasn't enough room. */
+    if (bytesWritten >= 0)
+    {
+      break;
+    }
+    /* free this buffer, allocate a larger buffer next time */
+    free(me->buf);
+    me->capacity = 0;
+    me->buf = NULL;
+    len = (size_t)((double)len * 1.5);
+  }
+  /* once we're done, we don't free buf -- it hangs around until we need it next time.
+   * record the message length all up in the first 4 bytes. */
+  bytesWrittenN = htonl((unsigned int)bytesWritten);
+  me->filterFunction((const unsigned char*)(me->buf + 4), (size_t)bytesWritten, 0, me->filterUserData);
+  *((unsigned int*)(me->buf)) = bytesWrittenN;
+  bytesWritten += 4;
+  /*now, send */
+  while (bytesSent < bytesWritten)
+  {
+    int bytesWrittenThisTime;
+    bytesWrittenThisTime = _amps_SSL_write(me->ssl, (me->buf) + bytesSent, bytesWritten - bytesSent);
+    if (bytesWrittenThisTime <= 0)
+    {
+      /* record the error */
+      amps_tcps_set_error(me, "The connection is closed.");
+      result = AMPS_E_DISCONNECTED;
+      goto error;
+    }
+    bytesSent += bytesWrittenThisTime;
+  }
+error:
+  AMPS_UNLOCK(&me->sendLock);
+#ifndef _WIN32
+  pthread_cleanup_pop(0);
+#endif
+
+  return result;
+}
+
+amps_result
+amps_tcps_send(amps_handle transport,
+               amps_handle message)
+{
+  unsigned version_out;
+  return amps_tcps_send_with_version(transport, message, &version_out);
+}
+
+/* Returns # bytes read, 0 if a timeout occurred without a read,
+ * and <0 if an error occurred.
+ */
+int amps_tcps_locked_read(amps_tcps_t* me_,
+                          char* readPoint_,
+                          int bytes_)
+{
+  int rc = 0;
+  int errorcode = 0;
+  int fd = (int)me_->fd;
+  int locked = 0;
+
+  while (locked == 0)
+  {
+    if (me_->disconnecting || fd != me_->fd || !me_->ssl
+#ifdef _WIN32
+        || me_->thread != GetCurrentThreadId()  /* our cancellation mechanism on win32 */
+#else
+        || me_->thread != pthread_self()
+#endif
+        || me_->destroying || fd == AMPS_INVALID_SOCKET)
+    {
+      return 0;
+    }
+    locked = (int)AMPS_SPIN_LOCK(&me_->sendLock);
+  }
+  if (me_->disconnecting || fd != me_->fd || !me_->ssl
+#ifdef _WIN32
+      || me_->thread != GetCurrentThreadId()  /* our cancellation mechanism on win32 */
+#else
+      || me_->thread != pthread_self()
+#endif
+      || me_->destroying || fd == AMPS_INVALID_SOCKET)
+  {
+    AMPS_UNLOCK(&me_->sendLock);
+    return 0;
+  }
+  // Use select to wait for data if none already exists on the ssl.
+  if (!_amps_SSL_pending(me_->ssl))
+  {
+    struct timeval tv;
+    fd_set readfds, exceptfds;
+    tv.tv_sec = 0;
+    tv.tv_usec = 1000;
+    FD_ZERO(&readfds);
+    FD_SET(fd, &readfds);
+    FD_ZERO(&exceptfds);
+    FD_SET(fd, &exceptfds);
+    AMPS_UNLOCK(&me_->sendLock);
+#ifdef _WIN32
+    if (select(1, &readfds, 0, &exceptfds, &tv) == 0)
+#else
+    if (select(fd + 1, &readfds, 0, &exceptfds, &tv) == 0)
+#endif
+    {
+      return 0;
+    }
+    AMPS_LOCK(&me_->sendLock);
+    if (me_->disconnecting || fd != me_->fd || !me_->ssl
+#ifdef _WIN32
+        || me_->thread != GetCurrentThreadId()  /* our cancellation mechanism on win32 */
+#else
+        || me_->thread != pthread_self()
+#endif
+        || me_->destroying || fd == AMPS_INVALID_SOCKET)
+    {
+      AMPS_UNLOCK(&me_->sendLock);
+      return 0;
+    }
+  }
+
+#ifndef _WIN32
+  pthread_cleanup_push(amps_cleanup_unlock_mutex, (void*)&me_->sendLock);
+#endif
+  rc = _amps_SSL_read(me_->ssl, readPoint_, bytes_);
+  errorcode = rc <= 0 ? _amps_SSL_get_error(me_->ssl, rc) : 0;
+
+  AMPS_UNLOCK(&me_->sendLock);
+#ifndef _WIN32
+  pthread_cleanup_pop(0);
+#endif
+
+  if (rc <= 0)
+  {
+    if (errorcode == AMPS_SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ)
+    {
+      return 0;
+    }
+    // End of stream
+    return -1;
+  }
+  return rc;
+}
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+DWORD amps_tcps_threaded_reader(void* userData)
+{
+  DWORD self = GetCurrentThreadId();
+  HANDLE selfH = GetCurrentThread();
+  amps_tcps_t* me = (amps_tcps_t*)userData;
+  if (me->threadCreatedCallback)
+  {
+    amps_result result = me->threadCreatedCallback(selfH,
+                                                   me->threadCreatedCallbackUserData);
+    AMPS_IEX(&me->threadCreatedCallbackResult, (long)result);
+    if (result != AMPS_E_OK)
+    {
+      return (DWORD)0;
+    }
+  }
+  else
+  {
+    AMPS_IEX(&me->threadCreatedCallbackResult, (long)AMPS_E_OK);
+  }
+#else
+void* amps_tcps_threaded_reader(void* userData)
+{
+  int unusedCancelState = 0;
+  amps_tcps_t* me = (amps_tcps_t*)userData;
+  /* Wait for pthread_create to set me->thread */
+  while (me->thread != pthread_self()
+         && !me->disconnecting
+         && !me->destroying)
+  {
+    AMPS_SLEEP(5);
+  }
+  if (me->threadCreatedCallback)
+  {
+    amps_result result = me->threadCreatedCallback(me->thread,
+                                                   me->threadCreatedCallbackUserData);
+    AMPS_IEX(&me->threadCreatedCallbackResult, (long)result);
+    if (result != AMPS_E_OK)
+    {
+      return NULL;
+    }
+  }
+  else
+  {
+    AMPS_IEX(&me->threadCreatedCallbackResult, (long)AMPS_E_OK);
+  }
+#endif
+  unsigned char* buffer, *newBuffer, *end, *readPoint, *parsePoint;
+
+  unsigned int msglenN;
+  unsigned long msglen, currentPosition, bytesRead = 0;
+  int received;
+  int cancelState = 0;
+  const size_t BUFFER_SIZE = 16 * 1024;
+  const unsigned MAX_MESSAGE_SIZE = 1024 * 1024 * 1024;
+  amps_uint64_t lastReadTime = 0;
+  amps_uint64_t lastIdleTime = 0;
+  amps_handle   message;
+
+  /* capture the connection version we are using now. */
+  unsigned connectionVersion = me->connectionVersion;
+  AMPS_SOCKET fd = me->fd;
+
+  lastReadTime = amps_now();
+  lastIdleTime = lastReadTime;
+
+#ifndef _WIN32
+  pthread_setcancelstate(PTHREAD_CANCEL_DISABLE, &cancelState);
+#endif
+  message = amps_message_create(NULL);
+  buffer = (unsigned char*)malloc(BUFFER_SIZE);
+#ifndef _WIN32
+  pthread_cleanup_push(amps_message_destroy, (void*)message);
+  pthread_cleanup_push(amps_cleanup_free_buffer, (void*)(&buffer));
+  pthread_setcancelstate(cancelState, &unusedCancelState);
+#endif
+  if (!buffer)
+  {
+    amps_tcps_handle_disconnect(me, connectionVersion);
+    goto cleanup;
+  }
+
+  end = buffer + BUFFER_SIZE;
+  readPoint = buffer;
+  parsePoint = buffer;
+
+  /* while we're open and not disconnecting */
+  while (connectionVersion == me->connectionVersion
+         && !me->disconnecting
+         && fd == me->fd
+#ifdef _WIN32
+         && me->thread == GetCurrentThreadId()  /* our cancellation mechanism on win32 */
+#else
+         && me->thread == pthread_self()
+#endif
+        )
+  {
+    if (me->destroying)
+    {
+      goto cleanup;
+    }
+    if (me->idleTimeMillis > 0 &&
+        (amps_now() - lastIdleTime) > me->idleTimeMillis)
+    {
+      lastIdleTime = amps_now();
+#ifndef _WIN32
+      cancelState = 0;
+      pthread_setcancelstate(PTHREAD_CANCEL_DISABLE, &cancelState);
+#endif
+      me->messageHandler(0L,
+                         me->messageHandlerUserData);
+#ifndef _WIN32
+      pthread_setcancelstate(cancelState, &unusedCancelState);
+#endif
+    }
+
+    received = amps_tcps_locked_read(me, (char*) readPoint, (int)(end - readPoint));
+
+    if (received > 0)
+    {
+      /* Call filter function without the 4 byte size */
+      me->filterFunction(readPoint, (size_t)received, 1, me->filterUserData);
+      readPoint += received;
+      lastReadTime = amps_now();
+    }
+    else if (received < 0)
+    {
+      int errorcode = GET_ERRNO;
+      if (errorcode == SOCK_ERRORCODE(EINTR))
+      {
+        continue;
+      }
+      /* disconnect if not a timeout error, or the user only set a read timeout, or the
+       * read timeout has been exceeded. */
+      if ( (errorcode != SOCK_ERRORCODE(ETIMEDOUT) && errorcode != SOCK_ERRORCODE(EWOULDBLOCK))
+           || me->idleTimeMillis == 0
+           || (me->readTimeoutMillis && amps_now() - lastReadTime > me->readTimeoutMillis))
+      {
+        if (!me->disconnecting)
+        {
+          amps_tcps_handle_disconnect(me, connectionVersion);
+        }
+        goto cleanup;
+      }
+      continue;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    while (readPoint >= parsePoint + 4 &&
+           fd == me->fd &&
+           me->connectionVersion == connectionVersion)
+    {
+      msglenN = *(unsigned int*)parsePoint;
+      msglen = ntohl(msglenN);
+      if (msglen > MAX_MESSAGE_SIZE)
+      {
+        amps_tcps_handle_stream_corruption(me, connectionVersion);
+        goto cleanup;
+      }
+      if (readPoint >= (parsePoint + msglen + 4))
+      {
+        /* there are enough bytes to parse this guy. */
+        parsePoint += 4;
+        if (amps_message_pre_deserialize(message, me->serializer,
+                                         (amps_char*)parsePoint, msglen) == AMPS_E_OK)
+        {
+          currentPosition = 0;
+          while (currentPosition < msglen &&
+                 fd == me->fd &&
+                 me->connectionVersion == connectionVersion)
+          {
+            if (amps_message_deserialize(message, me->serializer,
+                                         currentPosition,
+                                         &bytesRead) != AMPS_E_OK)
+            {
+              amps_tcps_handle_stream_corruption(me, connectionVersion);
+              goto cleanup;
+            }
+            if (me->messageHandler)
+            {
+#ifndef _WIN32
+              cancelState = 0;
+              pthread_setcancelstate(PTHREAD_CANCEL_DISABLE, &cancelState);
+#endif
+              me->messageHandler(message,
+                                 me->messageHandlerUserData);
+#ifndef _WIN32
+              pthread_setcancelstate(cancelState, &unusedCancelState);
+#endif
+            }
+            currentPosition += bytesRead;
+          }
+        }
+        else
+        {
+          amps_tcps_handle_stream_corruption(me, connectionVersion);
+          goto cleanup;
+        }
+        parsePoint += msglen;
+      }
+      else if (end < buffer + msglen + 4)
+      {
+        /* this message is larger than the buffer
+           * resize to 2* larger of this message or current buffer size */
+        size_t newLength = end < buffer + (msglen * 2) ?
+                           msglen * 2 : (size_t)(end - buffer);
+        newBuffer = (unsigned char*)malloc( newLength );
+        if (newBuffer == NULL)
+        {
+          assert(readPoint >= parsePoint);
+          /* stream broken */
+          amps_tcps_handle_disconnect(me, connectionVersion);
+          goto cleanup;
+        }
+        memcpy(newBuffer, parsePoint, (size_t)(readPoint - parsePoint));
+        readPoint = newBuffer + (readPoint - parsePoint);
+        parsePoint = newBuffer;
+#ifndef _WIN32
+        cancelState = 0;
+        pthread_setcancelstate(PTHREAD_CANCEL_DISABLE, &cancelState);
+#endif
+        free(buffer);
+        buffer = newBuffer;
+#ifndef _WIN32
+        pthread_setcancelstate(cancelState, &unusedCancelState);
+#endif
+        end = newBuffer + newLength;
+        assert(readPoint >= parsePoint);
+        break;
+      }
+      else
+      {
+        /* Need to read more data to finish this message
+         * Move what we have to the front of the buffer. */
+        break;
+      }
+    } /*while(readPoint >= parsePoint + 4) */
+    if (readPoint > parsePoint)
+    {
+      memmove(buffer, parsePoint, (size_t)(readPoint - parsePoint));
+    }
+    readPoint = buffer + (readPoint - parsePoint);
+    parsePoint = buffer;
+  } /* while(fd == me->fd) */
+cleanup:
+#ifndef _WIN32
+  cancelState = 0;
+  pthread_setcancelstate(PTHREAD_CANCEL_DISABLE, &cancelState);
+  pthread_cleanup_pop(0);
+  pthread_cleanup_pop(0);
+#endif
+  amps_message_destroy(message);
+  free(buffer);
+  if (me->destroying)
+  {
+    return 0;
+  }
+#ifndef _WIN32
+  pthread_t tid = pthread_self();
+#if __STDC_VERSION__ >= 201100
+  if (atomic_compare_exchange_strong(&(me->thread), &tid, (pthread_t)0))
+  {
+    pthread_detach(tid);
+  }
+#else
+  if (__sync_bool_compare_and_swap(&(me->thread), tid, 0))
+  {
+    pthread_detach(tid);
+  }
+#endif
+#endif
+
+  return 0;
+}
+
+amps_result
+amps_tcps_attempt_reconnect(amps_handle transport, unsigned version)
+{
+  amps_result res;
+  amps_tcps_t* me = (amps_tcps_t*)transport;
+  if (version == 0)
+  {
+    version = me->connectionVersion;
+  }
+  res = amps_tcps_handle_disconnect(me, version);
+  return res;
+}
+
+/* public-api -- get a socket */
+AMPS_SOCKET
+amps_tcps_get_socket(amps_handle transport)
+{
+  amps_tcps_t* me = (amps_tcps_t*)transport;
+  return me->fd;
+}
+
+void* amps_tcps_get_SSL(amps_handle transport)
+{
+  amps_tcps_t* me = (amps_tcps_t*)transport;
+  return me->ssl;
+}
+
+amps_result
+amps_tcps_update_read_timeout(amps_tcps_t* me)
+{
+  int timeout = (int)((me->readTimeoutMillis && me->idleTimeMillis) ?
+                      AMPS_MIN(me->readTimeoutMillis, me->idleTimeMillis) :
+                      AMPS_MAX(me->readTimeoutMillis, me->idleTimeMillis));
+  int rc = 0;
+#ifdef _WIN32
+  DWORD timeoutMillis = timeout;
+  rc = setsockopt(me->fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVTIMEO,
+                  (const char*)&timeoutMillis, sizeof(DWORD));
+  int sysError = GetLastError();
+#else
+  struct timeval tv;
+  tv.tv_sec = timeout / 1000;
+  tv.tv_usec = (timeout % 1000) * 1000;
+  rc = setsockopt(me->fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVTIMEO, &tv, sizeof(struct timeval));
+  int sysError = errno;
+#endif
+  if (rc == -1)
+  {
+    amps_tcps_set_socket_error(me, sysError);
+    return AMPS_E_USAGE;
+  }
+  return AMPS_E_OK;
+}
+amps_result
+amps_tcps_set_read_timeout(amps_handle transport, int readTimeout)
+{
+  amps_tcps_t* me = (amps_tcps_t*)transport;
+  me->readTimeoutMillis = (amps_uint64_t)readTimeout * 1000;
+  return amps_tcps_update_read_timeout(me);
+}
+
+
+void
+amps_tcps_set_filter_function(amps_handle transport, amps_transport_filter_function filterFunction_, void* userdata_)
+{
+  amps_tcps_t* me = (amps_tcps_t*)transport;
+  me->filterUserData = userdata_;
+  me->filterFunction = filterFunction_ ? filterFunction_ : amps_tcps_noop_filter_function;
+}
+
+void
+amps_tcps_set_thread_created_callback(amps_handle transport_, amps_thread_created_callback threadCreatedCallback_, void* userdata_)
+{
+  amps_tcps_t* me = (amps_tcps_t*)transport_;
+  me->threadCreatedCallbackUserData = userdata_;
+  me->threadCreatedCallback = threadCreatedCallback_;
+}
+
+amps_result
+amps_tcps_set_idle_time(amps_handle transport, int millis)
+{
+  amps_tcps_t* me = (amps_tcps_t*)transport;
+  if (!me->idleTimeMillis || (amps_uint64_t)millis < me->idleTimeMillis)
+  {
+    me->idleTimeMillis = (amps_uint64_t)millis;
+  }
+  return amps_tcps_update_read_timeout(me);
+}