ai-edge-torch-nightly 0.3.0.dev20240910__py3-none-any.whl → 0.3.0.dev20240913__py3-none-any.whl

ai_edge_torch/generative/layers/attention.py

@@ -12,16 +12,16 @@
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
 # ==============================================================================
-# Common building blocks for Attention layer.
 
-from typing import Optional, Tuple
+"""Common building blocks for Attention layer."""
 
-import ai_edge_torch.generative.layers.builder as builder
-from ai_edge_torch.generative.layers.kv_cache import KVCache
+from typing import Optional, Tuple, Union
+
+from ai_edge_torch.generative.layers import builder
+from ai_edge_torch.generative.layers import kv_cache as kv_utils
+from ai_edge_torch.generative.layers import scaled_dot_product_attention as sdpa
 import ai_edge_torch.generative.layers.model_config as cfg
 import ai_edge_torch.generative.layers.rotary_position_embedding as rotary_pos_emb
-from ai_edge_torch.generative.layers.scaled_dot_product_attention import scaled_dot_product_attention  # NOQA
-from ai_edge_torch.generative.layers.scaled_dot_product_attention import scaled_dot_product_attention_with_hlfb  # NOQA
 import torch
 from torch import nn
 
@@ -55,29 +55,35 @@ def _embed_rope(
 
 class TransformerBlock(nn.Module):
 
-  def __init__(self, config: cfg.ModelConfig) -> None:
+  def __init__(
+      self,
+      config: cfg.TransformerBlockConfig,
+      model_config: cfg.ModelConfig,
+  ) -> None:
     """Initialize an instance of the TransformerBlock.
 
     Args:
-      config (cfg.ModelConfig): the configuration object for this transformer
-        block.
+      config (cfg.TransformerBlockConfig): the configuration object for this
+        transformer block.
+      model_config (cfg.ModelConfig): the configuration object for the model
+        this transformer block belongs to.
     """
-
     super().__init__()
     self.pre_atten_norm = builder.build_norm(
-        config.embedding_dim, config.pre_attention_norm_config
+        model_config.embedding_dim,
+        config.pre_attention_norm_config,
     )
     self.atten_func = CausalSelfAttention(
-        config.batch_size,
-        config.embedding_dim,
+        model_config.batch_size,
+        model_config.embedding_dim,
         config.attn_config,
-        config.kv_cache_max,
-        config.enable_hlfb,
+        model_config.enable_hlfb,
     )
     self.post_atten_norm = builder.build_norm(
-        config.embedding_dim, config.post_attention_norm_config
+        model_config.embedding_dim,
+        config.post_attention_norm_config,
     )
-    self.ff = builder.build_ff(config.embedding_dim, config.ff_config)
+    self.ff = builder.build_ff(model_config.embedding_dim, config.ff_config)
     self.config = config
 
   def forward(
@@ -86,7 +92,8 @@ class TransformerBlock(nn.Module):
       rope: Optional[Tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor]] = None,
       mask: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None,
       input_pos: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None,
-  ) -> torch.Tensor:
+      kv_cache: kv_utils.KVCacheEntry = None,
+  ) -> Union[torch.Tensor, Tuple[torch.Tensor, kv_utils.KVCacheEntry]]:
     """Forward function of the TransformerBlock.
 
     Args:
@@ -94,24 +101,34 @@ class TransformerBlock(nn.Module):
       rope (Tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor]): the input rope tensor.
       mask (torch.Tensor): the optional mask tensor.
       input_pos (torch.Tensor): the optional input position tensor.
+      kv_cache (KVCacheEntry): the optional kv cache entry.
 
     Returns:
-      output activation from this transformer block.
+      output activation from this transformer block, and updated kv cache (if
+      passed in).
     """
-
+    kv = None
     if self.config.parallel_residual:
       x_norm = self.pre_atten_norm(x)
-      attn_out = self.atten_func(x_norm, rope, mask, input_pos)
+      atten_func_out = self.atten_func(x_norm, rope, mask, input_pos, kv_cache)
+      if kv_cache is None:
+        attn_out = atten_func_out
+      else:
+        attn_out, kv = atten_func_out
       ff_out = self.ff(x_norm)
       output = x + attn_out + ff_out
     else:
       x_norm = self.pre_atten_norm(x)
-      attn_out = self.atten_func(x_norm, rope, mask, input_pos)
+      atten_func_out = self.atten_func(x_norm, rope, mask, input_pos, kv_cache)
+      if kv_cache is None:
+        attn_out = atten_func_out
+      else:
+        attn_out, kv = atten_func_out
       x = x + attn_out
       x_norm = self.post_atten_norm(x)
       output = x + self.ff(x_norm)
 
-    return output
+    return output if kv is None else (output, kv)
 
 
 class CausalSelfAttention(nn.Module):
@@ -121,7 +138,6 @@ class CausalSelfAttention(nn.Module):
       batch_size: int,
       dim: int,
       config: cfg.AttentionConfig,
-      kv_cache_max: int,
       enable_hlfb: bool,
   ) -> None:
     """Initialize an instance of CausalSelfAttention.
@@ -130,12 +146,9 @@ class CausalSelfAttention(nn.Module):
       batch_size (int): batch size of the input tensor.
       dim (int): causal attention's input/output dimmension.
       config (cfg.AttentionConfig): attention specific configurations.
-      kv_cache_max (int): determines the size of the KV Cache buffer, if
-        enabled.
       enable_hlfb (bool): whether hlfb is enabled or not.
     """
     super().__init__()
-    self.config = config
     self.kv_cache = None
     self.batch_size = batch_size
     qkv_shape = (
@@ -147,21 +160,13 @@ class CausalSelfAttention(nn.Module):
     self.output_projection = nn.Linear(
         output_shape, dim, bias=config.output_proj_use_bias
     )
-
-    # Build a k/v cache with size (batch_size, kv_cache_max, n_heads, head_dim).
-    if config.enable_kv_cache:
-      self.kv_cache = KVCache(
-          batch_size,
-          kv_cache_max,
-          config.num_query_groups,
-          config.head_dim,
-          enable_hlfb,
-      )
-
-    if enable_hlfb:
-      self.sdpa_func = scaled_dot_product_attention_with_hlfb
-    else:
-      self.sdpa_func = scaled_dot_product_attention
+    self.config = config
+    self.enable_hlfb = enable_hlfb
+    self.sdpa_func = (
+        sdpa.scaled_dot_product_attention_with_hlfb
+        if enable_hlfb
+        else sdpa.scaled_dot_product_attention
+    )
 
   def forward(
       self,
@@ -169,7 +174,8 @@ class CausalSelfAttention(nn.Module):
       rope: Optional[Tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor]] = None,
       mask: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None,
       input_pos: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None,
-  ) -> torch.Tensor:
+      kv_cache: Optional[kv_utils.KVCacheEntry] = None,
+  ) -> Union[torch.Tensor, Tuple[torch.Tensor, kv_utils.KVCacheEntry]]:
     """Forward function of the CausalSelfAttention layer, which can support
 
        MQA, GQA and MHA.
@@ -179,9 +185,11 @@ class CausalSelfAttention(nn.Module):
       rope (Tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor]): the input rope tensor.
       mask (torch.Tensor): the optional mask tensor.
       input_pos (torch.Tensor): the optional input position tensor.
+      kv_cache (KVCacheEntry): The KV cache entry corresponding to this module.
 
     Returns:
-      output activation from this self attention layer.
+      output activation from this self attention layer, and the updated
+        KV Cach Entry (if passed in).
     """
     # Batch size, sequence length, embedding dimensionality.
     B, T, E = x.size()
@@ -224,9 +232,11 @@ class CausalSelfAttention(nn.Module):
     n_elem = int(self.config.rotary_percentage * self.config.head_dim)
     q, k = _embed_rope(q, k, n_elem, rope)
 
-    if self.kv_cache is not None:
-      # TODO(haoliang): Handle when execeeding max sequence length.
-      k, v = self.kv_cache.update_cache(input_pos, k, v)
+    if kv_cache is not None:
+      kv_cache = kv_utils.update(
+          kv_cache, input_pos, k, v, enable_hlfb=self.enable_hlfb
+      )
+      k, v = kv_cache.k_cache, kv_cache.v_cache
 
     y = self.sdpa_func(
         q,
@@ -240,7 +250,7 @@ class CausalSelfAttention(nn.Module):
 
     # Compute the output projection.
     y = self.output_projection(y)
-    return y
+    return y if kv_cache is None else (y, kv_cache)
 
 
 class SelfAttention(CausalSelfAttention):
@@ -251,16 +261,19 @@ class SelfAttention(CausalSelfAttention):
       x: torch.Tensor,
       rope: Optional[Tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor]] = None,
       input_pos: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None,
-  ) -> torch.Tensor:
+      kv_cache: Optional[kv_utils.KVCacheEntry] = None,
+  ) -> Union[torch.Tensor, Tuple[torch.Tensor, kv_utils.KVCacheEntry]]:
     """Forward function of the SelfAttention layer, which can support MQA, GQA and MHA.
 
     Args:
       x (torch.Tensor): the input tensor.
       rope (Tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor]): the input rope tensor.
       input_pos (torch.Tensor): the optional input position tensor.
+      kv_cache (KVCacheEntry): The KV cache entry corresponding to this module.
 
     Returns:
-      output activation from this self attention layer.
+      output activation from this self attention layer, and the updated
+        KV Cach Entry (if passed in).
     """
     B, T, _ = x.size()
     return super().forward(
@@ -279,9 +292,8 @@ class CrossAttention(nn.Module):
       query_dim: int,
       cross_dim: int,
       config: cfg.AttentionConfig,
-      kv_cache_max: int,
       enable_hlfb: bool,
-  ) -> None:
+  ):
     """Initialize an instance of CrossAttention.
 
     Args:
@@ -289,8 +301,6 @@ class CrossAttention(nn.Module):
       query_dim (int): query tensor's dimension.
       cross_dim (int): cross attention's dimensions, for key and value tensors.
       config (cfg.AttentionConfig): attention specific configurations.
-      kv_cache_max (int): determines the size of the KV Cache buffer, if
-        enabled.
       enable_hlfb (bool): whether hlfb is enabled or not.
     """
     super().__init__()
@@ -309,21 +319,11 @@ class CrossAttention(nn.Module):
         query_dim, query_dim, bias=config.output_proj_use_bias
     )
 
-    self.kv_cache = None
-    # Build a k/v cache with size (batch_size, kv_cache_max, n_heads, head_dim).
-    if config.enable_kv_cache:
-      self.kv_cache = KVCache(
-          batch_size,
-          kv_cache_max,
-          config.num_query_groups,
-          self.config.head_dim,
-          enable_hlfb,
-      )
-
-    if enable_hlfb:
-      self.sdpa_func = scaled_dot_product_attention_with_hlfb
-    else:
-      self.sdpa_func = scaled_dot_product_attention
+    self.sdpa_func = (
+        sdpa.scaled_dot_product_attention_with_hlfb
+        if enable_hlfb
+        else sdpa.scaled_dot_product_attention
+    )
 
   def forward(
       self,
@@ -332,6 +332,7 @@ class CrossAttention(nn.Module):
       rope: Optional[Tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor]] = None,
       mask: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None,
       input_pos: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None,
+      kv_cache: Optional[kv_utils.KVCacheEntry] = None,
   ):
     """Forward function of the CrossAttention layer.
 
@@ -342,6 +343,7 @@ class CrossAttention(nn.Module):
       mask (torch.Tensor): the optional mask tensor can be broadcaseted to shape
         [B, n_heads, target_seq_len, source_seq_len].
       input_pos (torch.Tensor): the optional input position tensor.
+      kv_cache (KVCacheEntry): The KV cache entry corresponding to this module.
 
     Returns:
       output activation from this cross attention layer.
@@ -363,9 +365,11 @@ class CrossAttention(nn.Module):
     n_elem = int(self.config.rotary_percentage * self.config.head_dim)
     q, k = _embed_rope(q, k, n_elem, rope)
 
-    if self.kv_cache is not None:
-      # TODO(haoliang): Handle when execeeding max sequence length.
-      k, v = self.kv_cache.update_cache(input_pos, k, v)
+    if kv_cache is not None:
+      kv_cache = kv_utils.update(
+          kv_cache, input_pos, k, v, enable_hlfb=self.enable_hlfb
+      )
+      k, v = kv_cache.k_cache, kv_cache.v_cache
     if mask is None:
       mask = torch.zeros(
           (batch_size, 1, target_seq_len, source_seq_len), dtype=torch.float32
@@ -375,4 +379,4 @@ class CrossAttention(nn.Module):
 
     # Compute the output projection.
     y = self.output_projection(y)
-    return y
+    return y if kv_cache is None else (y, kv_cache)

ai_edge_torch/generative/layers/builder.py

@@ -59,9 +59,11 @@ def build_norm(dim: int, config: cfg.NormalizationConfig):
         zero_centered_gamma=config.zero_centered,
     )
   elif config.type == cfg.NormalizationType.LAYER_NORM:
-    return nn.LayerNorm(dim, eps=config.epsilon)
+    return normalization.LayerNorm(dim, config.epsilon, config.enable_hlfb)
   elif config.type == cfg.NormalizationType.GROUP_NORM:
-    return nn.GroupNorm(config.group_num, dim, config.epsilon)
+    return normalization.GroupNorm(
+        config.group_num, dim, config.epsilon, config.enable_hlfb
+    )
   else:
     raise ValueError("Unsupported norm type.")
 
@@ -71,7 +73,7 @@ def build_ff(dim: int, config: cfg.FeedForwardConfig):
 
   Args:
     dim (int): dimension of the input tensor.
-    config (`ModelConfig` object): the model configuration.
+    config (`FeedForwardConfig` object): the model configuration.
 
   Returns:
     The constructed `nn.Module` feedforward layer.

ai_edge_torch/generative/layers/kv_cache.py

@@ -12,72 +12,184 @@
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
 # ==============================================================================
-# `nn.Module` which implements a KV cache.
 
-from ai_edge_torch.hlfb import StableHLOCompositeBuilder
+"""Utility functions for externalized KV Cache."""
+
+import dataclasses
+from typing import List, Tuple
+
+from ai_edge_torch import hlfb
+from ai_edge_torch.generative.layers import model_config
 import torch
-from torch import nn
+import torch.utils._pytree as pytree
 
+BATCH_SIZE = 1
 
-class KVCache(nn.Module):
 
-  def __init__(
-      self, batch_size, kv_cache_max, n_heads, head_dim, enable_hlfb=False
-  ):
-    """Initializes the KVCache layer.
+@dataclasses.dataclass
+class KVCacheEntry:
+  """A single cache entry that includes K and V caches.
 
-    Args:
-      batch_size (int): batch size. Currently only batch size 1 is supported.
-      kv_cache_max (int): the max length of KV cache.
-      n_heads (int): number of kv heads.
-      head_dim (int): the head dimension size.
-      enable_hlfb (bool): whether hlfb is enabled or not.
-    """
-    super().__init__()
-    cache_shape = (batch_size, kv_cache_max, n_heads, head_dim)
-    self.register_buffer("k_cache", torch.zeros(cache_shape), persistent=False)
-    self.register_buffer("v_cache", torch.zeros(cache_shape), persistent=False)
-    self.enable_hlfb = enable_hlfb
-    self.kv_cache_max = kv_cache_max
+  The chaches are built based on the provided config with the shape of
+  (batch_size=1, kv_cache_max, num_query_groups, head_dim).
+  """
 
-  def update_cache(self, input_pos, k_val, v_val):
-    """Update an entry in the KV cache.
+  k_cache: torch.Tensor
+  v_cache: torch.Tensor
 
-    Args:
-      input_pos (torch.Tensor): the input position.
-      k_val (torch.Tensor): the new `key` value.
-      v_val (torch.Tensor): the new `value` value.
+  @classmethod
+  def from_model_config(
+      cls,
+      kv_cache_max: int,
+      config: model_config.AttentionConfig,
+      dtype: torch.dtype = torch.float32,
+      device: torch.device = None,
+  ) -> "KVCacheEntry":
+    """Build an instance of the class based on model config."""
+    shape = (BATCH_SIZE, kv_cache_max, config.num_query_groups, config.head_dim)
+    k = torch.zeros(shape, dtype=dtype, device=device)
+    v = torch.zeros(shape, dtype=dtype, device=device)
+    obj = cls(k_cache=k, v_cache=v)
+    return obj
 
-    Returns:
-      The updated key and value tensor.
-    """
-    if self.enable_hlfb:
-      return self.update_cache_with_hlfb(input_pos, k_val, v_val)
 
-    updated_k = self.k_cache.index_copy_(1, input_pos, k_val)
-    updated_v = self.v_cache.index_copy_(1, input_pos, v_val)
-    # Here we need a clone otherwise dynamo export will fail.
-    return torch.clone(updated_k), torch.clone(updated_v)
+@dataclasses.dataclass
+class KVCache:
+  """A utility class for holding KV cache entries per layer."""
 
-  def update_cache_with_hlfb(self, input_pos, k_val, v_val):
-    """Update an entry in the KV cache and enable high-level function boundary.
+  caches: Tuple[KVCacheEntry, ...]
+
+  @classmethod
+  def from_model_config(
+      cls,
+      config: model_config.ModelConfig,
+      dtype: torch.dtype = torch.float32,
+      device: torch.device = None,
+  ) -> "KVCache":
+    """Build an instance of the class based on model config.
 
     Args:
-      input_pos (torch.Tensor): the input position.
-      k_val (torch.Tensor): the new `key` value.
-      v_val (torch.Tensor): the new `value` value.
+        config (ModelConfig): Model config used for building the cache.
+        dtype (torch.dtype, optional): The data type of the cache tensor.
+          Defaults to torch.float32.
+        device (torch.device, optional): The device placement of the cache
+          tensors. Defaults to None.
 
     Returns:
-      The updated key and value tensor.
+        KVCache: The created cache object.
     """
+    caches = [
+        KVCacheEntry.from_model_config(
+            config.kv_cache_max,
+            config.block_config(idx).attn_config,
+            dtype,
+            device,
+        )
+        for idx in range(config.num_layers)
+    ]
+    obj = cls(caches=tuple(caches))
+    return obj
 
-    builder = StableHLOCompositeBuilder(
-        name="odml.update_kv_cache", attr={"kv_cache_max": self.kv_cache_max}
-    )
-    k_cache, v_cache, input_pos, k_val, v_val = builder.mark_inputs(
-        self.k_cache, self.v_cache, input_pos, k_val, v_val
+  def flatten(self) -> List[torch.Tensor]:
+    """Flatten the cache entries into a list of tensors with order k_i, v_i."""
+    flattened, _ = _flatten_kvc(self)
+    return flattened
+
+
+def _flatten_kvc(kvc: KVCache) -> Tuple[List[str], List[str]]:
+  flattened = []
+  flat_names = []
+  none_names = []
+  for i, kv_entry in enumerate(kvc.caches):
+    flattened.append(kv_entry.k_cache)
+    flat_names.append(f"k_{i}")
+    flattened.append(kv_entry.v_cache)
+    flat_names.append(f"v_{i}")
+  return flattened, [flat_names, none_names]
+
+
+def _flatten_kvc_with_keys(kvc: KVCache) -> Tuple[List, List]:
+  flattened, (flat_names, none_names) = _flatten_kvc(kvc)
+  return [
+      (pytree.MappingKey(k), v) for k, v in zip(flat_names, flattened)
+  ], flat_names
+
+
+def _unflatten_kvc(
+    values: List[torch.Tensor], context: Tuple[List, List]
+) -> KVCache:
+  assert len(values) % 2 == 0, "Found odd number of K and V entries."
+  num_layers = len(values) // 2
+  flat_names = context[0]
+  kv_entries = []
+  for i in range(num_layers):
+    k_cache_idx = flat_names.index(f"k_{i}")
+    v_cache_idx = flat_names.index(f"v_{i}")
+    kv_entries.append(
+        KVCacheEntry(k_cache=values[k_cache_idx], v_cache=values[v_cache_idx])
     )
-    updated_k = k_cache.index_copy_(1, input_pos, k_val)
-    updated_v = v_cache.index_copy_(1, input_pos, v_val)
-    updated_k, updated_v = builder.mark_outputs(updated_k, updated_v)
-    return updated_k, updated_v
+  obj = KVCache(tuple(kv_entries))
+  return obj
+
+
+pytree.register_pytree_node(
+    KVCache,
+    _flatten_kvc,
+    _unflatten_kvc,
+    flatten_with_keys_fn=_flatten_kvc_with_keys,
+    serialized_type_name="",
+)
+
+
+def update(
+    cache: KVCacheEntry,
+    input_pos: torch.Tensor,
+    k_slice: torch.Tensor,
+    v_slice: torch.Tensor,
+    enable_hlfb: bool = True,
+) -> KVCacheEntry:
+  """Out of place update of Cache buffer.
+
+  Args:
+      cache (KVCacheEntry): The original cache buffer.
+      input_pos (torch.Tensor): The update slice positions.
+      k_slice (torch.Tensor): The K slice to be updated in the new cache.
+      v_slice (torch.Tensor): The V slice to be updated in the new cache.
+      enable_hlfb (bool, optional): Whether the op is annotated for export with
+        High Level Function Boundary. Defaults to True.
+
+  Returns:
+      KVCacheEntry: The updated KVCache entry based on the passed inputs.
+  """
+  update_func = _update_kv_hlfb_impl if enable_hlfb else _update_kv_base_impl
+  return update_func(cache, input_pos, k_slice, v_slice)
+
+
+def _update_kv_base_impl(
+    cache: KVCacheEntry,
+    input_pos: torch.Tensor,
+    k_slice: torch.Tensor,
+    v_slice: torch.Tensor,
+) -> KVCacheEntry:
+  """Update the cache buffer without High Level Function Boundary annotation."""
+  k = cache.k_cache.index_copy(1, input_pos, k_slice)
+  v = cache.v_cache.index_copy(1, input_pos, v_slice)
+  updated_cache = KVCacheEntry(k, v)
+  return updated_cache
+
+
+def _update_kv_hlfb_impl(
+    cache: KVCacheEntry,
+    input_pos: torch.Tensor,
+    k_slice: torch.Tensor,
+    v_slice: torch.Tensor,
+) -> KVCacheEntry:
+  """Update the cache buffer with High Level Function Boundary annotation."""
+  builder = hlfb.StableHLOCompositeBuilder(name="odml.update_external_kv_cache")
+  k_cache, v_cache, input_pos, k_slice, v_slice = builder.mark_inputs(
+      cache.k_cache, cache.v_cache, input_pos, k_slice, v_slice
+  )
+  k = k_cache.index_copy(1, input_pos, k_slice)
+  v = v_cache.index_copy(1, input_pos, v_slice)
+  k, v = builder.mark_outputs(k, v)
+  return KVCacheEntry(k, v)

ai_edge_torch/generative/layers/model_config.py

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 from dataclasses import dataclass
 from dataclasses import field
 import enum
-from typing import Optional, Sequence
+from typing import Optional, Sequence, Union
 
 
 @enum.unique
@@ -85,8 +85,8 @@ class AttentionConfig:
   relative_attention_max_distance: int = 0
   # Softcap on the output logits.
   logit_softcap: Optional[float] = None
-  # The types of attention used in the layers of the model.
-  attn_types: Optional[Sequence[AttentionType]] = None
+  # The type of attention.
+  attn_type: Optional[AttentionType] = None
   # The size of the sliding window used for local attention.
   sliding_window_size: Optional[int] = None
 
@@ -104,6 +104,7 @@ class NormalizationConfig:
   """Normalizater parameters."""
 
   type: NormalizationType = NormalizationType.NONE
+  enable_hlfb: bool = False
   epsilon: float = 1e-5
   zero_centered: bool = False
   # Number of groups used in group normalization.
@@ -129,13 +130,8 @@ class FeedForwardConfig:
 
 
 @dataclass
-class ModelConfig:
-  """Base configurations for building a transformer architecture."""
-
-  vocab_size: int
-  num_layers: int
-  max_seq_len: int
-  embedding_dim: int
+class TransformerBlockConfig:
+  """TransformerBlock module's parameters."""
 
   attn_config: AttentionConfig
   ff_config: FeedForwardConfig
@@ -147,15 +143,33 @@ class ModelConfig:
   post_attention_norm_config: NormalizationConfig = field(
       default_factory=NormalizationConfig
   )
+  # If set to True, only attn_config.pre_attention_norm is applied to the input
+  # and the decode's output is computed as `output = input + attn_out + ff_out`
+  # where attention and feed forward are called with pre_attention_norm's
+  # output.
+  parallel_residual: bool = False
+  # The Attention computation will include relative positional bias.
+  relative_attention: bool = False
+
+
+@dataclass
+class ModelConfig:
+  """Base configurations for building a transformer architecture."""
+
+  vocab_size: int
+  num_layers: int
+  max_seq_len: int
+  embedding_dim: int
+
+  # TransformerBlockConfig for each layer block. If a single
+  # TransformerBlockConfig is provided, it will be used for all layers.
+  block_configs: Union[TransformerBlockConfig, Sequence[TransformerBlockConfig]]
+
   # The normalization applied before LM head.
   final_norm_config: NormalizationConfig = field(
       default_factory=NormalizationConfig
   )
 
-  # If set to True, only pre_attention_norm is applied to the input and the
-  # decode's output is computed as `output = input + attn_out + ff_out` where
-  # attention and feed forward are called with pre_attention_norm's output.
-  parallel_residual: bool = False
   # Use bias term within LLM's HEAD.
   lm_head_use_bias: bool = False
   # Whether to turn on high-level function boundary.
@@ -164,9 +178,6 @@ class ModelConfig:
   # The maximum sequence length of the KV cache. Should not exceed max_seq_len.
   kv_cache_max_len: int = 0
 
-  # The Attention computation will include relative positional bias.
-  relative_attention: bool = False
-
   # Default batch size of the exported model. Default value is 1.
   batch_size: int = 1
 
@@ -177,5 +188,13 @@ class ModelConfig:
   def kv_cache_max(self) -> int:
     if self.kv_cache_max_len > 0:
       return self.kv_cache_max_len
-    else:
-      return self.max_seq_len
+    return self.max_seq_len
+
+  def block_config(self, idx: int) -> TransformerBlockConfig:
+    if isinstance(self.block_configs, TransformerBlockConfig):
+      return self.block_configs
+    if idx < 0 or idx >= len(self.block_configs):
+      raise ValueError(
+          f"Index {idx} is out of range for layer configs: {self.block_configs}"
+      )
+    return self.block_configs[idx]