agent-os-kernel 1.1.0__py3-none-any.whl → 1.3.0__py3-none-any.whl

modules/control-plane/src/agent_control_plane/governance_layer.py

@@ -0,0 +1,432 @@
+"""
+Governance Layer - Ethical Alignment and Advanced Safety
+
+The Governance Layer provides enhanced safety mechanisms beyond basic policy
+enforcement, including ethical alignment, bias detection, and privacy controls.
+
+Research Foundations:
+    - Ethical AI frameworks from "Responsible AI Governance: A Review" 
+      (ScienceDirect, 2024)
+    - Constitutional AI and value alignment approaches
+    - Bias detection and mitigation techniques
+    - Privacy-preserving computation from "Privacy in Agentic Systems" 
+      (arXiv:2409.1087, 2024)
+    - Red-teaming methodologies from "Red-Teaming Agentic AI" (arXiv:2511.21990)
+
+See docs/RESEARCH_FOUNDATION.md for complete references.
+"""
+
+from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Callable, Set
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+from enum import Enum
+from datetime import datetime
+import re
+
+
+class AlignmentPrinciple(Enum):
+    """Core ethical principles for agent alignment"""
+    HARM_PREVENTION = "harm_prevention"
+    FAIRNESS = "fairness"
+    TRANSPARENCY = "transparency"
+    PRIVACY = "privacy"
+    ACCOUNTABILITY = "accountability"
+    HUMAN_OVERSIGHT = "human_oversight"
+
+
+class BiasType(Enum):
+    """Types of bias to detect and mitigate"""
+    DEMOGRAPHIC = "demographic"
+    CONFIRMATION = "confirmation"
+    SELECTION = "selection"
+    ANCHORING = "anchoring"
+    AVAILABILITY = "availability"
+
+
+class PrivacyLevel(Enum):
+    """Privacy protection levels"""
+    PUBLIC = "public"
+    INTERNAL = "internal"
+    CONFIDENTIAL = "confidential"
+    RESTRICTED = "restricted"
+
+
+@dataclass
+class AlignmentRule:
+    """
+    A rule for ethical alignment.
+    
+    Attributes:
+        rule_id: Unique identifier
+        principle: Which ethical principle this enforces
+        description: What the rule does
+        validator: Function to check compliance
+        severity: How critical this rule is (0.0-1.0)
+    """
+    rule_id: str
+    principle: AlignmentPrinciple
+    description: str
+    validator: Callable[[Dict[str, Any]], bool]
+    severity: float = 1.0
+    metadata: Dict[str, Any] = field(default_factory=dict)
+
+
+@dataclass
+class BiasDetectionResult:
+    """Result of bias detection analysis"""
+    has_bias: bool
+    bias_types: List[BiasType]
+    confidence: float
+    details: Dict[str, Any]
+    recommendations: List[str]
+
+
+@dataclass
+class PrivacyAnalysis:
+    """Result of privacy analysis"""
+    privacy_level: PrivacyLevel
+    contains_pii: bool
+    pii_types: List[str]
+    risk_score: float
+    recommendations: List[str]
+
+
+class GovernanceLayer:
+    """
+    Enhanced governance layer for ethical AI operations.
+    
+    Features:
+    - Constitutional AI-inspired value alignment
+    - Bias detection and mitigation
+    - Privacy-preserving computation hooks
+    - Human-in-the-loop intervention points
+    - Comprehensive audit trail for compliance
+    
+    Usage:
+        governance = GovernanceLayer()
+        
+        # Add alignment rules
+        governance.add_alignment_rule(
+            principle=AlignmentPrinciple.HARM_PREVENTION,
+            description="Prevent harmful content generation",
+            validator=check_harmful_content
+        )
+        
+        # Check alignment before execution
+        result = governance.check_alignment(request_data)
+        if not result["aligned"]:
+            # Handle misalignment
+            pass
+        
+        # Detect bias
+        bias_result = governance.detect_bias(text_content)
+        
+        # Analyze privacy
+        privacy_result = governance.analyze_privacy(data)
+    """
+    
+    def __init__(self):
+        self._alignment_rules: Dict[str, AlignmentRule] = {}
+        self._bias_patterns: Dict[BiasType, List[str]] = self._load_bias_patterns()
+        self._pii_patterns: Dict[str, str] = self._load_pii_patterns()
+        self._audit_log: List[Dict[str, Any]] = []
+        
+    def add_alignment_rule(
+        self,
+        principle: AlignmentPrinciple,
+        description: str,
+        validator: Callable[[Dict[str, Any]], bool],
+        severity: float = 1.0,
+        metadata: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None
+    ) -> str:
+        """
+        Add an ethical alignment rule.
+        
+        Args:
+            principle: Which principle this enforces
+            description: What the rule does
+            validator: Function to check compliance
+            severity: How critical (0.0-1.0)
+            metadata: Additional metadata
+            
+        Returns:
+            rule_id of the added rule
+        """
+        import uuid
+        rule_id = str(uuid.uuid4())
+        
+        rule = AlignmentRule(
+            rule_id=rule_id,
+            principle=principle,
+            description=description,
+            validator=validator,
+            severity=severity,
+            metadata=metadata or {}
+        )
+        
+        self._alignment_rules[rule_id] = rule
+        return rule_id
+    
+    def check_alignment(
+        self,
+        context: Dict[str, Any]
+    ) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        """
+        Check if a request aligns with ethical principles.
+        
+        Args:
+            context: Request context to evaluate
+            
+        Returns:
+            {
+                "aligned": bool,
+                "violations": List[Dict],
+                "severity": float
+            }
+        """
+        violations = []
+        max_severity = 0.0
+        
+        for rule_id, rule in self._alignment_rules.items():
+            try:
+                if not rule.validator(context):
+                    violations.append({
+                        "rule_id": rule_id,
+                        "principle": rule.principle.value,
+                        "description": rule.description,
+                        "severity": rule.severity
+                    })
+                    max_severity = max(max_severity, rule.severity)
+            except Exception as e:
+                # Log but don't fail on validator errors
+                self._log_audit_event({
+                    "event": "validator_error",
+                    "rule_id": rule_id,
+                    "error": str(e)
+                })
+        
+        return {
+            "aligned": len(violations) == 0,
+            "violations": violations,
+            "severity": max_severity
+        }
+    
+    def detect_bias(
+        self,
+        text: str,
+        context: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None
+    ) -> BiasDetectionResult:
+        """
+        Detect potential bias in text content.
+        
+        This is a simplified implementation. In production, would use
+        ML models trained on bias detection datasets.
+        
+        Args:
+            text: Text to analyze
+            context: Additional context
+            
+        Returns:
+            BiasDetectionResult with findings
+        """
+        detected_biases = []
+        details = {}
+        recommendations = []
+        
+        # Pattern-based detection (simplified)
+        for bias_type, patterns in self._bias_patterns.items():
+            matches = []
+            for pattern in patterns:
+                if re.search(pattern, text, re.IGNORECASE):
+                    matches.append(pattern)
+            
+            if matches:
+                detected_biases.append(bias_type)
+                details[bias_type.value] = matches
+                recommendations.append(
+                    f"Review content for {bias_type.value} bias"
+                )
+        
+        return BiasDetectionResult(
+            has_bias=len(detected_biases) > 0,
+            bias_types=detected_biases,
+            confidence=0.7 if detected_biases else 0.0,
+            details=details,
+            recommendations=recommendations
+        )
+    
+    def analyze_privacy(
+        self,
+        data: Dict[str, Any]
+    ) -> PrivacyAnalysis:
+        """
+        Analyze data for privacy concerns and PII.
+        
+        Args:
+            data: Data to analyze
+            
+        Returns:
+            PrivacyAnalysis with findings
+        """
+        pii_found = []
+        risk_score = 0.0
+        recommendations = []
+        
+        # Convert data to string for pattern matching
+        data_str = str(data)
+        
+        # Check for PII patterns
+        for pii_type, pattern in self._pii_patterns.items():
+            if re.search(pattern, data_str, re.IGNORECASE):
+                pii_found.append(pii_type)
+                risk_score += 0.2
+        
+        # Determine privacy level
+        if len(pii_found) >= 3:
+            privacy_level = PrivacyLevel.RESTRICTED
+            risk_score = min(risk_score, 1.0)
+        elif len(pii_found) >= 1:
+            privacy_level = PrivacyLevel.CONFIDENTIAL
+        elif "internal" in data_str.lower():
+            privacy_level = PrivacyLevel.INTERNAL
+        else:
+            privacy_level = PrivacyLevel.PUBLIC
+        
+        if pii_found:
+            recommendations.append(
+                f"Found PII: {', '.join(pii_found)}. Consider redaction or encryption."
+            )
+            recommendations.append(
+                "Apply differential privacy or secure computation if possible."
+            )
+        
+        return PrivacyAnalysis(
+            privacy_level=privacy_level,
+            contains_pii=len(pii_found) > 0,
+            pii_types=pii_found,
+            risk_score=risk_score,
+            recommendations=recommendations
+        )
+    
+    def request_human_review(
+        self,
+        request_id: str,
+        reason: str,
+        context: Dict[str, Any]
+    ) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        """
+        Request human review for a decision.
+        
+        This is a hook for human-in-the-loop patterns.
+        In production, would integrate with approval systems.
+        
+        Args:
+            request_id: ID of the request
+            reason: Why review is needed
+            context: Request context
+            
+        Returns:
+            Review request details
+        """
+        review_request = {
+            "request_id": request_id,
+            "reason": reason,
+            "context": context,
+            "timestamp": datetime.now().isoformat(),
+            "status": "pending"
+        }
+        
+        self._log_audit_event({
+            "event": "human_review_requested",
+            **review_request
+        })
+        
+        return review_request
+    
+    def get_audit_log(
+        self,
+        limit: Optional[int] = None
+    ) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
+        """Get governance audit log"""
+        if limit:
+            return self._audit_log[-limit:]
+        return self._audit_log.copy()
+    
+    def _log_audit_event(self, event: Dict[str, Any]):
+        """Internal audit logging"""
+        event["timestamp"] = datetime.now().isoformat()
+        self._audit_log.append(event)
+    
+    def _load_bias_patterns(self) -> Dict[BiasType, List[str]]:
+        """
+        Load bias detection patterns.
+        
+        In production, would load from comprehensive bias datasets.
+        """
+        return {
+            BiasType.DEMOGRAPHIC: [
+                r'\b(all|every) (men|women|people) (are|do)\b',
+                r'\btypical (man|woman)\b',
+            ],
+            BiasType.CONFIRMATION: [
+                r'\bproves? (that|what)\b',
+                r'\bobviously\b',
+                r'\bclearly shows?\b',
+            ],
+            BiasType.SELECTION: [
+                r'\bonly (consider|look at)\b',
+                r'\bignore (other|alternative)\b',
+            ],
+        }
+    
+    def _load_pii_patterns(self) -> Dict[str, str]:
+        """
+        Load PII detection patterns.
+        
+        In production, would use more sophisticated NER models.
+        """
+        return {
+            "email": r'\b[A-Za-z0-9._%+-]+@[A-Za-z0-9.-]+\.[A-Z|a-z]{2,}\b',
+            "ssn": r'\b\d{3}-\d{2}-\d{4}\b',
+            "phone": r'\b\d{3}[-.]?\d{3}[-.]?\d{4}\b',
+            "credit_card": r'\b\d{4}[- ]?\d{4}[- ]?\d{4}[- ]?\d{4}\b',
+            "ip_address": r'\b\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\b',
+        }
+
+
+def create_default_governance() -> GovernanceLayer:
+    """
+    Create a governance layer with default alignment rules.
+    
+    Returns:
+        GovernanceLayer with standard rules configured
+    """
+    governance = GovernanceLayer()
+    
+    # Harm prevention
+    def check_no_harmful_content(context: Dict[str, Any]) -> bool:
+        """Basic harmful content check"""
+        content = str(context.get("content", "")).lower()
+        harmful_keywords = ["violence", "harm", "illegal", "exploit"]
+        return not any(keyword in content for keyword in harmful_keywords)
+    
+    governance.add_alignment_rule(
+        principle=AlignmentPrinciple.HARM_PREVENTION,
+        description="Prevent generation of harmful content",
+        validator=check_no_harmful_content,
+        severity=1.0
+    )
+    
+    # Privacy protection
+    def check_privacy_compliance(context: Dict[str, Any]) -> bool:
+        """Check for privacy compliance"""
+        analysis = governance.analyze_privacy(context)
+        return analysis.privacy_level != PrivacyLevel.RESTRICTED
+    
+    governance.add_alignment_rule(
+        principle=AlignmentPrinciple.PRIVACY,
+        description="Ensure privacy protection compliance",
+        validator=check_privacy_compliance,
+        severity=0.9
+    )
+    
+    return governance