Mesa 3.0.0__py3-none-any.whl → 3.0.0a1__py3-none-any.whl

mesa/examples/advanced/sugarscape_g1mt/agents.py

@@ -1,344 +0,0 @@
-import math
-
-from mesa.experimental.cell_space import CellAgent, FixedAgent
-
-
-# Helper function
-def get_distance(cell_1, cell_2):
-    """
-    Calculate the Euclidean distance between two positions
-
-    used in trade.move()
-    """
-
-    x1, y1 = cell_1.coordinate
-    x2, y2 = cell_2.coordinate
-    dx = x1 - x2
-    dy = y1 - y2
-    return math.sqrt(dx**2 + dy**2)
-
-
-class Resource(FixedAgent):
-    """
-    Resource:
-    - contains an amount of sugar and spice
-    - grows 1 amount of sugar at each turn
-    - grows 1 amount of spice at each turn
-    """
-
-    def __init__(self, model, max_sugar, max_spice, cell):
-        super().__init__(model)
-        self.sugar_amount = max_sugar
-        self.max_sugar = max_sugar
-        self.spice_amount = max_spice
-        self.max_spice = max_spice
-        self.cell = cell
-
-    def step(self):
-        """
-        Growth function, adds one unit of sugar and spice each step up to
-        max amount
-        """
-        self.sugar_amount = min([self.max_sugar, self.sugar_amount + 1])
-        self.spice_amount = min([self.max_spice, self.spice_amount + 1])
-
-
-class Trader(CellAgent):
-    """
-    Trader:
-    - has a metabolism of sugar and spice
-    - harvest and trade sugar and spice to survive
-    """
-
-    def __init__(
-        self,
-        model,
-        cell,
-        sugar=0,
-        spice=0,
-        metabolism_sugar=0,
-        metabolism_spice=0,
-        vision=0,
-    ):
-        super().__init__(model)
-        self.cell = cell
-        self.sugar = sugar
-        self.spice = spice
-        self.metabolism_sugar = metabolism_sugar
-        self.metabolism_spice = metabolism_spice
-        self.vision = vision
-        self.prices = []
-        self.trade_partners = []
-
-    def get_resource(self, cell):
-        for agent in cell.agents:
-            if isinstance(agent, Resource):
-                return agent
-        raise Exception(f"Resource agent not found in the position {cell.coordinate}")
-
-    def get_trader(self, cell):
-        """
-        helper function used in self.trade_with_neighbors()
-        """
-
-        for agent in cell.agents:
-            if isinstance(agent, Trader):
-                return agent
-
-    def is_occupied_by_other(self, cell):
-        """
-        helper function part 1 of self.move()
-        """
-
-        if cell is self.cell:
-            # agent's position is considered unoccupied as agent can stay there
-            return False
-        # get contents of each cell in neighborhood
-        return any(isinstance(a, Trader) for a in cell.agents)
-
-    def calculate_welfare(self, sugar, spice):
-        """
-        helper function
-
-        part 2 self.move()
-        self.trade()
-        """
-
-        # calculate total resources
-        m_total = self.metabolism_sugar + self.metabolism_spice
-        # Cobb-Douglas functional form; starting on p. 97
-        # on Growing Artificial Societies
-        return sugar ** (self.metabolism_sugar / m_total) * spice ** (
-            self.metabolism_spice / m_total
-        )
-
-    def is_starved(self):
-        """
-        Helper function for self.maybe_die()
-        """
-
-        return (self.sugar <= 0) or (self.spice <= 0)
-
-    def calculate_MRS(self, sugar, spice):
-        """
-        Helper function for
-          - self.trade()
-          - self.maybe_self_spice()
-
-        Determines what trader agent needs and can give up
-        """
-
-        return (spice / self.metabolism_spice) / (sugar / self.metabolism_sugar)
-
-    def calculate_sell_spice_amount(self, price):
-        """
-        helper function for self.maybe_sell_spice() which is called from
-        self.trade()
-        """
-
-        if price >= 1:
-            sugar = 1
-            spice = int(price)
-        else:
-            sugar = int(1 / price)
-            spice = 1
-        return sugar, spice
-
-    def sell_spice(self, other, sugar, spice):
-        """
-        used in self.maybe_sell_spice()
-
-        exchanges sugar and spice between traders
-        """
-
-        self.sugar += sugar
-        other.sugar -= sugar
-        self.spice -= spice
-        other.spice += spice
-
-    def maybe_sell_spice(self, other, price, welfare_self, welfare_other):
-        """
-        helper function for self.trade()
-        """
-
-        sugar_exchanged, spice_exchanged = self.calculate_sell_spice_amount(price)
-
-        # Assess new sugar and spice amount - what if change did occur
-        self_sugar = self.sugar + sugar_exchanged
-        other_sugar = other.sugar - sugar_exchanged
-        self_spice = self.spice - spice_exchanged
-        other_spice = other.spice + spice_exchanged
-
-        # double check to ensure agents have resources
-
-        if (
-            (self_sugar <= 0)
-            or (other_sugar <= 0)
-            or (self_spice <= 0)
-            or (other_spice <= 0)
-        ):
-            return False
-
-        # trade criteria #1 - are both agents better off?
-        both_agents_better_off = (
-            welfare_self < self.calculate_welfare(self_sugar, self_spice)
-        ) and (welfare_other < other.calculate_welfare(other_sugar, other_spice))
-
-        # trade criteria #2 is their mrs crossing with potential trade
-        mrs_not_crossing = self.calculate_MRS(
-            self_sugar, self_spice
-        ) > other.calculate_MRS(other_sugar, other_spice)
-
-        if not (both_agents_better_off and mrs_not_crossing):
-            return False
-
-        # criteria met, execute trade
-        self.sell_spice(other, sugar_exchanged, spice_exchanged)
-
-        return True
-
-    def trade(self, other):
-        """
-        helper function used in trade_with_neighbors()
-
-        other is a trader agent object
-        """
-
-        # sanity check to verify code is working as expected
-        assert self.sugar > 0
-        assert self.spice > 0
-        assert other.sugar > 0
-        assert other.spice > 0
-
-        # calculate marginal rate of substitution in Growing Artificial Societies p. 101
-        mrs_self = self.calculate_MRS(self.sugar, self.spice)
-        mrs_other = other.calculate_MRS(other.sugar, other.spice)
-
-        # calculate each agents welfare
-        welfare_self = self.calculate_welfare(self.sugar, self.spice)
-        welfare_other = other.calculate_welfare(other.sugar, other.spice)
-
-        if math.isclose(mrs_self, mrs_other):
-            return
-
-        # calculate price
-        price = math.sqrt(mrs_self * mrs_other)
-
-        if mrs_self > mrs_other:
-            # self is a sugar buyer, spice seller
-            sold = self.maybe_sell_spice(other, price, welfare_self, welfare_other)
-            # no trade - criteria not met
-            if not sold:
-                return
-        else:
-            # self is a spice buyer, sugar seller
-            sold = other.maybe_sell_spice(self, price, welfare_other, welfare_self)
-            # no trade - criteria not met
-            if not sold:
-                return
-
-        # Capture data
-        self.prices.append(price)
-        self.trade_partners.append(other.unique_id)
-
-        # continue trading
-        self.trade(other)
-
-    ######################################################################
-    #                                                                    #
-    #                      MAIN TRADE FUNCTIONS                          #
-    #                                                                    #
-    ######################################################################
-
-    def move(self):
-        """
-        Function for trader agent to identify optimal move for each step in 4 parts
-        1 - identify all possible moves
-        2 - determine which move maximizes welfare
-        3 - find closest best option
-        4 - move
-        """
-
-        # 1. identify all possible moves
-
-        neighboring_cells = [
-            cell
-            for cell in self.cell.get_neighborhood(self.vision, include_center=True)
-            if not self.is_occupied_by_other(cell)
-        ]
-
-        # 2. determine which move maximizes welfare
-
-        welfares = [
-            self.calculate_welfare(
-                self.sugar + self.get_resource(cell).sugar_amount,
-                self.spice + self.get_resource(cell).spice_amount,
-            )
-            for cell in neighboring_cells
-        ]
-
-        # 3. Find closest best option
-
-        # find the highest welfare in welfares
-        max_welfare = max(welfares)
-        # get the index of max welfare cells
-        candidate_indices = [
-            i for i in range(len(welfares)) if math.isclose(welfares[i], max_welfare)
-        ]
-
-        # convert index to positions of those cells
-        candidates = [neighboring_cells[i] for i in candidate_indices]
-
-        min_dist = min(get_distance(self.cell, cell) for cell in candidates)
-
-        final_candidates = [
-            cell
-            for cell in candidates
-            if math.isclose(get_distance(self.cell, cell), min_dist, rel_tol=1e-02)
-        ]
-        # 4. Move Agent
-        self.cell = self.random.choice(final_candidates)
-
-    def eat(self):
-        patch = self.get_resource(self.cell)
-        if patch.sugar_amount > 0:
-            self.sugar += patch.sugar_amount
-            patch.sugar_amount = 0
-        self.sugar -= self.metabolism_sugar
-
-        if patch.spice_amount > 0:
-            self.spice += patch.spice_amount
-            patch.spice_amount = 0
-        self.spice -= self.metabolism_spice
-
-    def maybe_die(self):
-        """
-        Function to remove Traders who have consumed all their sugar or spice
-        """
-
-        if self.is_starved():
-            self.remove()
-
-    def trade_with_neighbors(self):
-        """
-        Function for trader agents to decide who to trade with in three parts
-
-        1- identify neighbors who can trade
-        2- trade (2 sessions)
-        3- collect data
-        """
-
-        neighbor_agents = [
-            self.get_trader(cell)
-            for cell in self.cell.get_neighborhood(radius=self.vision)
-            if self.is_occupied_by_other(cell)
-        ]
-
-        if len(neighbor_agents) == 0:
-            return
-
-            # iterate through traders in neighboring cells and trade
-        for a in neighbor_agents:
-            self.trade(a)
-
-        return

mesa/examples/advanced/sugarscape_g1mt/app.py

@@ -1,62 +0,0 @@
-import numpy as np
-import solara
-from matplotlib.figure import Figure
-
-from mesa.examples.advanced.sugarscape_g1mt.agents import Trader
-from mesa.examples.advanced.sugarscape_g1mt.model import SugarscapeG1mt
-from mesa.visualization import SolaraViz, make_plot_component
-
-
-def SpaceDrawer(model):
-    def portray(g):
-        layers = {
-            "sugar": [[np.nan for j in range(g.height)] for i in range(g.width)],
-            "spice": [[np.nan for j in range(g.height)] for i in range(g.width)],
-            "trader": {"x": [], "y": [], "c": "tab:red", "marker": "o", "s": 10},
-        }
-
-        for agent in g.all_cells.agents:
-            i, j = agent.cell.coordinate
-            if isinstance(agent, Trader):
-                layers["trader"]["x"].append(i)
-                layers["trader"]["y"].append(j)
-            else:
-                # Don't visualize resource with value <= 1.
-                layers["sugar"][i][j] = (
-                    agent.sugar_amount if agent.sugar_amount > 1 else np.nan
-                )
-                layers["spice"][i][j] = (
-                    agent.spice_amount if agent.spice_amount > 1 else np.nan
-                )
-        return layers
-
-    fig = Figure()
-    ax = fig.subplots()
-    out = portray(model.grid)
-    # Sugar
-    # Important note: imshow by default draws from upper left. You have to
-    # always explicitly specify origin="lower".
-    im = ax.imshow(out["sugar"], cmap="spring", origin="lower")
-    fig.colorbar(im, orientation="vertical")
-    # Spice
-    ax.imshow(out["spice"], cmap="winter", origin="lower")
-    # Trader
-    ax.scatter(**out["trader"])
-    ax.set_axis_off()
-    return solara.FigureMatplotlib(fig)
-
-
-model_params = {
-    "width": 50,
-    "height": 50,
-}
-
-model1 = SugarscapeG1mt(50, 50)
-
-page = SolaraViz(
-    model1,
-    components=[SpaceDrawer, make_plot_component(["Trader", "Price"])],
-    name="Sugarscape {G1, M, T}",
-    play_interval=150,
-)
-page  # noqa

mesa/examples/advanced/sugarscape_g1mt/model.py

@@ -1,180 +0,0 @@
-from pathlib import Path
-
-import numpy as np
-
-import mesa
-from mesa.examples.advanced.sugarscape_g1mt.agents import Resource, Trader
-from mesa.experimental.cell_space import OrthogonalVonNeumannGrid
-
-
-# Helper Functions
-def flatten(list_of_lists):
-    """
-    helper function for model datacollector for trade price
-    collapses agent price list into one list
-    """
-    return [item for sublist in list_of_lists for item in sublist]
-
-
-def geometric_mean(list_of_prices):
-    """
-    find the geometric mean of a list of prices
-    """
-    return np.exp(np.log(list_of_prices).mean())
-
-
-def get_trade(agent):
-    """
-    For agent reporters in data collector
-
-    return list of trade partners and None for other agents
-    """
-    if isinstance(agent, Trader):
-        return agent.trade_partners
-    else:
-        return None
-
-
-class SugarscapeG1mt(mesa.Model):
-    """
-    Manager class to run Sugarscape with Traders
-    """
-
-    def __init__(
-        self,
-        width=50,
-        height=50,
-        initial_population=200,
-        endowment_min=25,
-        endowment_max=50,
-        metabolism_min=1,
-        metabolism_max=5,
-        vision_min=1,
-        vision_max=5,
-        enable_trade=True,
-        seed=None,
-    ):
-        super().__init__(seed=seed)
-        # Initiate width and height of sugarscape
-        self.width = width
-        self.height = height
-        # Initiate population attributes
-        self.initial_population = initial_population
-        self.endowment_min = endowment_min
-        self.endowment_max = endowment_max
-        self.metabolism_min = metabolism_min
-        self.metabolism_max = metabolism_max
-        self.vision_min = vision_min
-        self.vision_max = vision_max
-        self.enable_trade = enable_trade
-        self.running = True
-
-        # initiate mesa grid class
-        self.grid = OrthogonalVonNeumannGrid((self.width, self.height), torus=False)
-        # initiate datacollector
-        self.datacollector = mesa.DataCollector(
-            model_reporters={
-                "Trader": lambda m: len(m.agents_by_type[Trader]),
-                "Trade Volume": lambda m: sum(
-                    len(a.trade_partners) for a in m.agents_by_type[Trader]
-                ),
-                "Price": lambda m: geometric_mean(
-                    flatten([a.prices for a in m.agents_by_type[Trader]])
-                ),
-            },
-            agent_reporters={"Trade Network": lambda a: get_trade(a)},
-        )
-
-        # read in landscape file from supplmentary material
-        sugar_distribution = np.genfromtxt(Path(__file__).parent / "sugar-map.txt")
-        spice_distribution = np.flip(sugar_distribution, 1)
-
-        for cell in self.grid.all_cells:
-            max_sugar = sugar_distribution[cell.coordinate]
-            max_spice = spice_distribution[cell.coordinate]
-            Resource(self, max_sugar, max_spice, cell)
-
-        for _ in range(self.initial_population):
-            # get agent position
-            x = self.random.randrange(self.width)
-            y = self.random.randrange(self.height)
-            # see Growing Artificial Societies p. 108 for initialization
-            # give agents initial endowment
-            sugar = int(self.random.uniform(self.endowment_min, self.endowment_max + 1))
-            spice = int(self.random.uniform(self.endowment_min, self.endowment_max + 1))
-            # give agents initial metabolism
-            metabolism_sugar = int(
-                self.random.uniform(self.metabolism_min, self.metabolism_max + 1)
-            )
-            metabolism_spice = int(
-                self.random.uniform(self.metabolism_min, self.metabolism_max + 1)
-            )
-            # give agents vision
-            vision = int(self.random.uniform(self.vision_min, self.vision_max + 1))
-
-            cell = self.grid[(x, y)]
-            # create Trader object
-            Trader(
-                self,
-                cell,
-                sugar=sugar,
-                spice=spice,
-                metabolism_sugar=metabolism_sugar,
-                metabolism_spice=metabolism_spice,
-                vision=vision,
-            )
-
-    def step(self):
-        """
-        Unique step function that does staged activation of sugar and spice
-        and then randomly activates traders
-        """
-        # step Resource agents
-        self.agents_by_type[Resource].do("step")
-
-        # step trader agents
-        # to account for agent death and removal we need a separate data structure to
-        # iterate
-        trader_shuffle = self.agents_by_type[Trader].shuffle()
-
-        for agent in trader_shuffle:
-            agent.prices = []
-            agent.trade_partners = []
-            agent.move()
-            agent.eat()
-            agent.maybe_die()
-
-        if not self.enable_trade:
-            # If trade is not enabled, return early
-            self.datacollector.collect(self)
-            return
-
-        trader_shuffle = self.agents_by_type[Trader].shuffle()
-
-        for agent in trader_shuffle:
-            agent.trade_with_neighbors()
-
-        # collect model level data
-        self.datacollector.collect(self)
-        """
-        Mesa is working on updating datacollector agent reporter
-        so it can collect information on specific agents from
-        mesa.time.RandomActivationByType.
-
-        Please see issue #1419 at
-        https://github.com/projectmesa/mesa/issues/1419
-        (contributions welcome)
-
-        Below is one way to update agent_records to get specific Trader agent data
-        """
-        # Need to remove excess data
-        # Create local variable to store trade data
-        agent_trades = self.datacollector._agent_records[self.steps]
-        # Get rid of all None to reduce data storage needs
-        agent_trades = [agent for agent in agent_trades if agent[2] is not None]
-        # Reassign the dictionary value with lean trade data
-        self.datacollector._agent_records[self.steps] = agent_trades
-
-    def run_model(self, step_count=1000):
-        for _ in range(step_count):
-            self.step()

mesa/examples/advanced/sugarscape_g1mt/sugar-map.txt

@@ -1,50 +0,0 @@
-0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
-0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2
-0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2
-0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2
-0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2
-0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2
-0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 2
-0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 2
-0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 3
-0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 3
-0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 3
-0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 3
-0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 3
-0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 3
-0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 2
-0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 2
-1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2
-1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2
-1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2
-1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2
-1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2
-1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
-1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1
-1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1
-1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1
-1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1
-1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
-2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
-2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
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