EvoScientist 0.0.1.dev3__py3-none-any.whl → 0.1.0rc1__py3-none-any.whl

EvoScientist/skills/peft/SKILL.md

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----
-name: peft
-description: Parameter-efficient fine-tuning for LLMs using LoRA, QLoRA, and 25+ methods. Use when fine-tuning large models (7B-70B) with limited GPU memory, when you need to train <1% of parameters with minimal accuracy loss, or for multi-adapter serving. HuggingFace's official library integrated with transformers ecosystem.
-version: 1.0.0
-author: Orchestra Research
-license: MIT
-tags: [Fine-Tuning, PEFT, LoRA, QLoRA, Parameter-Efficient, Adapters, Low-Rank, Memory Optimization, Multi-Adapter]
-dependencies: [peft>=0.13.0, transformers>=4.45.0, torch>=2.0.0, bitsandbytes>=0.43.0]
----
-
-# PEFT (Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning)
-
-Fine-tune LLMs by training <1% of parameters using LoRA, QLoRA, and 25+ adapter methods.
-
-## When to use PEFT
-
-**Use PEFT/LoRA when:**
-- Fine-tuning 7B-70B models on consumer GPUs (RTX 4090, A100)
-- Need to train <1% parameters (6MB adapters vs 14GB full model)
-- Want fast iteration with multiple task-specific adapters
-- Deploying multiple fine-tuned variants from one base model
-
-**Use QLoRA (PEFT + quantization) when:**
-- Fine-tuning 70B models on single 24GB GPU
-- Memory is the primary constraint
-- Can accept ~5% quality trade-off vs full fine-tuning
-
-**Use full fine-tuning instead when:**
-- Training small models (<1B parameters)
-- Need maximum quality and have compute budget
-- Significant domain shift requires updating all weights
-
-## Quick start
-
-### Installation
-
-```bash
-# Basic installation
-pip install peft
-
-# With quantization support (recommended)
-pip install peft bitsandbytes
-
-# Full stack
-pip install peft transformers accelerate bitsandbytes datasets
-```
-
-### LoRA fine-tuning (standard)
-
-```python
-from transformers import AutoModelForCausalLM, AutoTokenizer, TrainingArguments, Trainer
-from peft import get_peft_model, LoraConfig, TaskType
-from datasets import load_dataset
-
-# Load base model
-model_name = "meta-llama/Llama-3.1-8B"
-model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained(model_name, torch_dtype="auto", device_map="auto")
-tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(model_name)
-tokenizer.pad_token = tokenizer.eos_token
-
-# LoRA configuration
-lora_config = LoraConfig(
-    task_type=TaskType.CAUSAL_LM,
-    r=16,                          # Rank (8-64, higher = more capacity)
-    lora_alpha=32,                 # Scaling factor (typically 2*r)
-    lora_dropout=0.05,             # Dropout for regularization
-    target_modules=["q_proj", "v_proj", "k_proj", "o_proj"],  # Attention layers
-    bias="none"                    # Don't train biases
-)
-
-# Apply LoRA
-model = get_peft_model(model, lora_config)
-model.print_trainable_parameters()
-# Output: trainable params: 13,631,488 || all params: 8,043,307,008 || trainable%: 0.17%
-
-# Prepare dataset
-dataset = load_dataset("databricks/databricks-dolly-15k", split="train")
-
-def tokenize(example):
-    text = f"### Instruction:\n{example['instruction']}\n\n### Response:\n{example['response']}"
-    return tokenizer(text, truncation=True, max_length=512, padding="max_length")
-
-tokenized = dataset.map(tokenize, remove_columns=dataset.column_names)
-
-# Training
-training_args = TrainingArguments(
-    output_dir="./lora-llama",
-    num_train_epochs=3,
-    per_device_train_batch_size=4,
-    gradient_accumulation_steps=4,
-    learning_rate=2e-4,
-    fp16=True,
-    logging_steps=10,
-    save_strategy="epoch"
-)
-
-trainer = Trainer(
-    model=model,
-    args=training_args,
-    train_dataset=tokenized,
-    data_collator=lambda data: {"input_ids": torch.stack([f["input_ids"] for f in data]),
-                                 "attention_mask": torch.stack([f["attention_mask"] for f in data]),
-                                 "labels": torch.stack([f["input_ids"] for f in data])}
-)
-
-trainer.train()
-
-# Save adapter only (6MB vs 16GB)
-model.save_pretrained("./lora-llama-adapter")
-```
-
-### QLoRA fine-tuning (memory-efficient)
-
-```python
-from transformers import AutoModelForCausalLM, BitsAndBytesConfig
-from peft import get_peft_model, LoraConfig, prepare_model_for_kbit_training
-
-# 4-bit quantization config
-bnb_config = BitsAndBytesConfig(
-    load_in_4bit=True,
-    bnb_4bit_quant_type="nf4",           # NormalFloat4 (best for LLMs)
-    bnb_4bit_compute_dtype="bfloat16",   # Compute in bf16
-    bnb_4bit_use_double_quant=True       # Nested quantization
-)
-
-# Load quantized model
-model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained(
-    "meta-llama/Llama-3.1-70B",
-    quantization_config=bnb_config,
-    device_map="auto"
-)
-
-# Prepare for training (enables gradient checkpointing)
-model = prepare_model_for_kbit_training(model)
-
-# LoRA config for QLoRA
-lora_config = LoraConfig(
-    r=64,                              # Higher rank for 70B
-    lora_alpha=128,
-    lora_dropout=0.1,
-    target_modules=["q_proj", "v_proj", "k_proj", "o_proj", "gate_proj", "up_proj", "down_proj"],
-    bias="none",
-    task_type="CAUSAL_LM"
-)
-
-model = get_peft_model(model, lora_config)
-# 70B model now fits on single 24GB GPU!
-```
-
-## LoRA parameter selection
-
-### Rank (r) - capacity vs efficiency
-
-| Rank | Trainable Params | Memory | Quality | Use Case |
-|------|-----------------|--------|---------|----------|
-| 4 | ~3M | Minimal | Lower | Simple tasks, prototyping |
-| **8** | ~7M | Low | Good | **Recommended starting point** |
-| **16** | ~14M | Medium | Better | **General fine-tuning** |
-| 32 | ~27M | Higher | High | Complex tasks |
-| 64 | ~54M | High | Highest | Domain adaptation, 70B models |
-
-### Alpha (lora_alpha) - scaling factor
-
-```python
-# Rule of thumb: alpha = 2 * rank
-LoraConfig(r=16, lora_alpha=32)  # Standard
-LoraConfig(r=16, lora_alpha=16)  # Conservative (lower learning rate effect)
-LoraConfig(r=16, lora_alpha=64)  # Aggressive (higher learning rate effect)
-```
-
-### Target modules by architecture
-
-```python
-# Llama / Mistral / Qwen
-target_modules = ["q_proj", "v_proj", "k_proj", "o_proj", "gate_proj", "up_proj", "down_proj"]
-
-# GPT-2 / GPT-Neo
-target_modules = ["c_attn", "c_proj", "c_fc"]
-
-# Falcon
-target_modules = ["query_key_value", "dense", "dense_h_to_4h", "dense_4h_to_h"]
-
-# BLOOM
-target_modules = ["query_key_value", "dense", "dense_h_to_4h", "dense_4h_to_h"]
-
-# Auto-detect all linear layers
-target_modules = "all-linear"  # PEFT 0.6.0+
-```
-
-## Loading and merging adapters
-
-### Load trained adapter
-
-```python
-from peft import PeftModel, AutoPeftModelForCausalLM
-from transformers import AutoModelForCausalLM
-
-# Option 1: Load with PeftModel
-base_model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained("meta-llama/Llama-3.1-8B")
-model = PeftModel.from_pretrained(base_model, "./lora-llama-adapter")
-
-# Option 2: Load directly (recommended)
-model = AutoPeftModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained(
-    "./lora-llama-adapter",
-    device_map="auto"
-)
-```
-
-### Merge adapter into base model
-
-```python
-# Merge for deployment (no adapter overhead)
-merged_model = model.merge_and_unload()
-
-# Save merged model
-merged_model.save_pretrained("./llama-merged")
-tokenizer.save_pretrained("./llama-merged")
-
-# Push to Hub
-merged_model.push_to_hub("username/llama-finetuned")
-```
-
-### Multi-adapter serving
-
-```python
-from peft import PeftModel
-
-# Load base with first adapter
-model = AutoPeftModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained("./adapter-task1")
-
-# Load additional adapters
-model.load_adapter("./adapter-task2", adapter_name="task2")
-model.load_adapter("./adapter-task3", adapter_name="task3")
-
-# Switch between adapters at runtime
-model.set_adapter("task1")  # Use task1 adapter
-output1 = model.generate(**inputs)
-
-model.set_adapter("task2")  # Switch to task2
-output2 = model.generate(**inputs)
-
-# Disable adapters (use base model)
-with model.disable_adapter():
-    base_output = model.generate(**inputs)
-```
-
-## PEFT methods comparison
-
-| Method | Trainable % | Memory | Speed | Best For |
-|--------|------------|--------|-------|----------|
-| **LoRA** | 0.1-1% | Low | Fast | General fine-tuning |
-| **QLoRA** | 0.1-1% | Very Low | Medium | Memory-constrained |
-| AdaLoRA | 0.1-1% | Low | Medium | Automatic rank selection |
-| IA3 | 0.01% | Minimal | Fastest | Few-shot adaptation |
-| Prefix Tuning | 0.1% | Low | Medium | Generation control |
-| Prompt Tuning | 0.001% | Minimal | Fast | Simple task adaptation |
-| P-Tuning v2 | 0.1% | Low | Medium | NLU tasks |
-
-### IA3 (minimal parameters)
-
-```python
-from peft import IA3Config
-
-ia3_config = IA3Config(
-    target_modules=["q_proj", "v_proj", "k_proj", "down_proj"],
-    feedforward_modules=["down_proj"]
-)
-model = get_peft_model(model, ia3_config)
-# Trains only 0.01% of parameters!
-```
-
-### Prefix Tuning
-
-```python
-from peft import PrefixTuningConfig
-
-prefix_config = PrefixTuningConfig(
-    task_type="CAUSAL_LM",
-    num_virtual_tokens=20,      # Prepended tokens
-    prefix_projection=True       # Use MLP projection
-)
-model = get_peft_model(model, prefix_config)
-```
-
-## Integration patterns
-
-### With TRL (SFTTrainer)
-
-```python
-from trl import SFTTrainer, SFTConfig
-from peft import LoraConfig
-
-lora_config = LoraConfig(r=16, lora_alpha=32, target_modules="all-linear")
-
-trainer = SFTTrainer(
-    model=model,
-    args=SFTConfig(output_dir="./output", max_seq_length=512),
-    train_dataset=dataset,
-    peft_config=lora_config,  # Pass LoRA config directly
-)
-trainer.train()
-```
-
-### With Axolotl (YAML config)
-
-```yaml
-# axolotl config.yaml
-adapter: lora
-lora_r: 16
-lora_alpha: 32
-lora_dropout: 0.05
-lora_target_modules:
-  - q_proj
-  - v_proj
-  - k_proj
-  - o_proj
-lora_target_linear: true  # Target all linear layers
-```
-
-### With vLLM (inference)
-
-```python
-from vllm import LLM
-from vllm.lora.request import LoRARequest
-
-# Load base model with LoRA support
-llm = LLM(model="meta-llama/Llama-3.1-8B", enable_lora=True)
-
-# Serve with adapter
-outputs = llm.generate(
-    prompts,
-    lora_request=LoRARequest("adapter1", 1, "./lora-adapter")
-)
-```
-
-## Performance benchmarks
-
-### Memory usage (Llama 3.1 8B)
-
-| Method | GPU Memory | Trainable Params |
-|--------|-----------|------------------|
-| Full fine-tuning | 60+ GB | 8B (100%) |
-| LoRA r=16 | 18 GB | 14M (0.17%) |
-| QLoRA r=16 | 6 GB | 14M (0.17%) |
-| IA3 | 16 GB | 800K (0.01%) |
-
-### Training speed (A100 80GB)
-
-| Method | Tokens/sec | vs Full FT |
-|--------|-----------|------------|
-| Full FT | 2,500 | 1x |
-| LoRA | 3,200 | 1.3x |
-| QLoRA | 2,100 | 0.84x |
-
-### Quality (MMLU benchmark)
-
-| Model | Full FT | LoRA | QLoRA |
-|-------|---------|------|-------|
-| Llama 2-7B | 45.3 | 44.8 | 44.1 |
-| Llama 2-13B | 54.8 | 54.2 | 53.5 |
-
-## Common issues
-
-### CUDA OOM during training
-
-```python
-# Solution 1: Enable gradient checkpointing
-model.gradient_checkpointing_enable()
-
-# Solution 2: Reduce batch size + increase accumulation
-TrainingArguments(
-    per_device_train_batch_size=1,
-    gradient_accumulation_steps=16
-)
-
-# Solution 3: Use QLoRA
-from transformers import BitsAndBytesConfig
-bnb_config = BitsAndBytesConfig(load_in_4bit=True, bnb_4bit_quant_type="nf4")
-```
-
-### Adapter not applying
-
-```python
-# Verify adapter is active
-print(model.active_adapters)  # Should show adapter name
-
-# Check trainable parameters
-model.print_trainable_parameters()
-
-# Ensure model in training mode
-model.train()
-```
-
-### Quality degradation
-
-```python
-# Increase rank
-LoraConfig(r=32, lora_alpha=64)
-
-# Target more modules
-target_modules = "all-linear"
-
-# Use more training data and epochs
-TrainingArguments(num_train_epochs=5)
-
-# Lower learning rate
-TrainingArguments(learning_rate=1e-4)
-```
-
-## Best practices
-
-1. **Start with r=8-16**, increase if quality insufficient
-2. **Use alpha = 2 * rank** as starting point
-3. **Target attention + MLP layers** for best quality/efficiency
-4. **Enable gradient checkpointing** for memory savings
-5. **Save adapters frequently** (small files, easy rollback)
-6. **Evaluate on held-out data** before merging
-7. **Use QLoRA for 70B+ models** on consumer hardware
-
-## References
-
-- **[Advanced Usage](references/advanced-usage.md)** - DoRA, LoftQ, rank stabilization, custom modules
-- **[Troubleshooting](references/troubleshooting.md)** - Common errors, debugging, optimization
-
-## Resources
-
-- **GitHub**: https://github.com/huggingface/peft
-- **Docs**: https://huggingface.co/docs/peft
-- **LoRA Paper**: arXiv:2106.09685
-- **QLoRA Paper**: arXiv:2305.14314
-- **Models**: https://huggingface.co/models?library=peft