BESS-JPL 1.26.0__py3-none-any.whl

BESS_JPL/canopy_energy_balance.py

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+import numpy as np
+
+from .process_paw_and_gao_LE import process_paw_and_gao_LE
+
+def canopy_energy_balance(
+        An: np.ndarray,  # net assimulation (An) [umol m-2 s-1],
+        ASW_Wm2: np.ndarray,  # total absorbed shortwave radiation by sunlit/shade canopy (ASW) [umol m-2 s-1],
+        ALW_Wm2: np.ndarray,  # total absorbed longwave radiation by sunlit/shade canopy (ALW) [umol m-2 s-1],
+        Tf_K: np.ndarray,  # leaf temperature in Kelvin
+        Ps_Pa: np.ndarray,  # surface pressure in Pascal
+        Ca: np.ndarray,  # ambient CO2 concentration [umol mol-1],
+        Ta_K: np.ndarray,  # air temperature in Kelvin
+        RH: np.ndarray,  # relative humidity as a fraction
+        VPD_Pa: np.ndarray,  # vapor pressure deficit in Pascal
+        desTa: np.ndarray,  # 1st derivative of saturated vapour pressure
+        ddesTa: np.ndarray,  # 2nd derivative of saturated vapour pressure
+        gamma: np.ndarray,  # psychrometric constant [pa K-1],
+        Cp: np.ndarray,  # specific heat of air [J kg-1 K-1],
+        rhoa: np.ndarray,  # air density [kg m-3],
+        Rc: np.ndarray,  # aerodynamic resistance [s m-1],
+        ball_berry_slope: np.ndarray,  # Ball-Berry slope [-],
+        ball_berry_intercept: np.ndarray,  # Ball-Berry intercept [-].
+        C4_photosynthesis: bool):  # flag for C4 photosynthesis
+    """
+    =============================================================================
+
+    Module     : Canopy energy balance
+    Input      : net assimulation (An) [umol m-2 s-1],
+               : total absorbed shortwave radiation by sunlit/shade canopy (ASW) [umol m-2 s-1],
+               : total absorbed longwave radiation by sunlit/shade canopy (ALW) [umol m-2 s-1],
+               : sunlit/shade leaf temperature (Tf) [K],
+               : surface pressure (Ps) [Pa],
+               : ambient CO2 concentration (Ca) [umol mol-1],
+               : air temperature (Ta) [K],
+               : relative humidity (RH) [-],
+               : water vapour deficit (VPD) [Pa],
+               : 1st derivative of saturated vapour pressure (desTa),
+               : 2nd derivative of saturated vapour pressure (ddesTa),
+               : psychrometric constant (gamma) [pa K-1],
+               : air density (rhoa) [kg m-3],
+               : aerodynamic resistance (ra) [s m-1],
+               : Ball-Berry slope (m) [-],
+               : Ball-Berry intercept (b0) [-].
+    Output     : sunlit/shade canopy net radiation (Rn) [W m-2],
+               : sunlit/shade canopy latent heat (LE) [W m-2],
+               : sunlit/shade canopy sensible heat (H) [W m-2],
+               : sunlit/shade leaf temperature (Tl) [K],
+               : stomatal resistance to vapour transfer from cell to leaf surface (rs) [s m-1],
+               : inter-cellular CO2 concentration (Ci) [umol mol-1].
+    References : Paw U, K. T., & Gao, W. (1988). Applications of solutions to non-linear energy budget equations.
+                 Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 43(2), 121�145. doi:10.1016/0168-1923(88)90087-1
+
+
+    Conversion from MatLab by Robert Freepartner, JPL/Raytheon/JaDa Systems
+    March 2020
+
+    =============================================================================
+    """
+    # Convert factor
+    cf = 0.446 * (273.15 / Tf_K) * (Ps_Pa / 101325.0)
+
+    # Stefan_Boltzmann_constant
+    sigma = 5.670373e-8  # [W m-2 K-4] (Wiki)
+
+    # Ball-Berry stomatal conductance
+    # https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/pce.12990
+    gs1 = ball_berry_slope * RH * An / Ca + ball_berry_intercept  # [mol m-2 s-1]
+
+    # intercellular CO2 concentration
+    Ci = Ca - 1.6 * An / gs1  # [umol./mol]
+
+    # constrain intercellular CO2 concentration based on ambient CO2 concentration differently depending on C3 or C4 photosynthesis
+    Ci = np.clip(Ci, 0.2 * Ca, 0.6 * Ca) if C4_photosynthesis else np.clip(Ci, 0.5 * Ca, 0.9 * Ca)
+
+    # Stomatal resistance to vapour transfer from cell to leaf surface
+    rs = 1.0 / (gs1 / cf * 1e-2)  # [s m-1]
+
+    # Stomatal H2O conductance
+    gs2 = 1.0 / rs  # [m s-1]
+
+    # Canopy net radiation
+    Rn = np.clip(ASW_Wm2 + ALW_Wm2 - 4.0 * 0.98 * sigma * (Ta_K ** 3) * (Tf_K - Ta_K), 0, None)
+
+    # TODO explore options for alternate latent heat flux models in the BESS canopy energy balance calculation
+
+    # caluclate latent heat flux using Paw and Gao (1988)
+    # https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/0168192388900871
+    LE = process_paw_and_gao_LE(
+        Rn=Rn,
+        Ta_C=Ta_K - 273.15,
+        VPD_Pa=VPD_Pa,
+        Cp=Cp,
+        rhoa=rhoa,
+        gamma=gamma,
+        Rc=Rc,
+        rs=rs,
+        desTa=desTa,
+        ddesTa=ddesTa
+    )
+
+    # update sensible heat flux
+    H = np.clip(Rn - LE, 0, Rn)
+
+    # update difference between air and canopy temperature
+    dT = np.clip(Rc / (rhoa * Cp) * H, -20, 20)  # Eq. (6)
+
+    # update canopy temperature in Kelvin
+    Tf_K = Ta_K + dT
+
+    return Rn, LE, H, Tf_K, gs2, Ci

BESS_JPL/canopy_longwave_radiation.py

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+import numpy as np
+
+def canopy_longwave_radiation(
+        LAI: np.ndarray,
+        SZA: np.ndarray,
+        Ts_K: np.ndarray,
+        Tf_K: np.ndarray,
+        Ta_K: np.ndarray,
+        epsa: np.ndarray,
+        epsf: float,
+        epss: float,
+        ALW_min: float = None,
+        intermediate_min: float = None,
+        intermediate_max: float = None):
+    """
+    =============================================================================
+
+    Module     : Canopy longwave radiation transfer
+    Description: This function calculates the absorbed longwave radiation by sunlit leaves, shaded leaves, and soil within a vegetative canopy. It also computes the longwave radiation flux densities from air, soil, and foliage. The calculations are based on radiative transfer principles and empirical coefficients derived from literature.
+
+    Inputs:
+        LAI (np.ndarray): Leaf Area Index [-], a dimensionless measure of leaf area per unit ground area.
+        SZA (np.ndarray): Solar Zenith Angle [degrees], the angle between the sun's rays and the vertical.
+        Ts_K (np.ndarray): Soil temperature [K].
+        Tf_K (np.ndarray): Foliage temperature [K].
+        Ta_K (np.ndarray): Air temperature [K].
+        epsa (np.ndarray): Clear-sky emissivity [-].
+        epsf (float): Foliage emissivity [-].
+        epss (float): Soil emissivity [-].
+        ALW_min (float, optional): Minimum threshold for absorbed longwave radiation.
+        intermediate_min (float, optional): Minimum threshold for intermediate calculations.
+        intermediate_max (float, optional): Maximum threshold for intermediate calculations.
+
+    Outputs:
+        ALW_sunlit (np.ndarray): Absorbed longwave radiation by sunlit leaves [W/m^2].
+        ALW_shaded (np.ndarray): Absorbed longwave radiation by shaded leaves [W/m^2].
+        ALW_soil (np.ndarray): Absorbed longwave radiation by soil [W/m^2].
+        Ls (np.ndarray): Longwave radiation flux density from soil [W/m^2].
+        La (np.ndarray): Longwave radiation flux density from air [W/m^2].
+        Lf (np.ndarray): Longwave radiation flux density from foliage [W/m^2].
+
+    References:
+        - Ryu, Y., Baldocchi, D. D., Kobayashi, H., et al. (2011). Integration of MODIS land and atmosphere products with a coupled-process model to estimate gross primary productivity and evapotranspiration. Remote Sensing of Environment, 115(8), 1866-1875.
+        - Wang, Y., Law, R. M., Davies, H. L., McGregor, J. L., & Abramowitz, G. (2006). The CSIRO Atmosphere Biosphere Land Exchange (CABLE) model for use in climate models and as an offline model. Geoscientific Model Development.
+
+    Conversion from MatLab by Robert Freepartner, JPL/Raytheon/JaDa Systems
+    March 2020
+
+    =============================================================================
+    """
+    # Clip SZA to a maximum of 89 degrees to avoid extreme values
+    SZA = np.clip(SZA, None, 89)
+
+    # Extinction coefficient for beam radiation (kb) based on solar zenith angle
+    # Derived from Table A1 in Ryu et al. (2011)
+    kb = 0.5 / np.cos(SZA * np.pi / 180.0)
+
+    # Extinction coefficient for longwave radiation (kd)
+    # Empirical value from Table A1 in Ryu et al. (2011)
+    kd = 0.78
+
+    # Stefan-Boltzmann constant [W m^-2 K^-4]
+    sigma = 5.670373e-8
+
+    # Longwave radiation flux densities from air, soil, and foliage
+    # Calculated using the Stefan-Boltzmann law: L = eps * sigma * T^4
+    La = np.clip(epsa * sigma * Ta_K ** 4, 0, None)  # Air
+    Ls = np.clip(epss * sigma * Ts_K ** 4, 0, None)  # Soil
+    Lf = np.clip(epsf * sigma * Tf_K ** 4, 0, None)  # Foliage
+
+    # Precompute kd * LAI for efficiency
+    kd_LAI = kd * LAI
+
+    # Difference in longwave radiation flux densities between soil and foliage
+    soil_leaf_difference = Ls - Lf
+    
+    if intermediate_min is not None:
+        soil_leaf_difference = np.clip(soil_leaf_difference, intermediate_min, None)
+
+    # Difference in longwave radiation flux densities between air and foliage
+    air_leaf_difference = La - Lf
+
+    if intermediate_min is not None:
+        air_leaf_difference = np.clip(air_leaf_difference, intermediate_min, intermediate_max)
+
+    # Absorbed longwave radiation by sunlit leaves
+    # Numerator and denominator derived from Eq. (44) in Wang et al. (2006)
+    numerator = soil_leaf_difference * kd * (np.exp(-kd_LAI) - np.exp(-kb * LAI)) / (kd - kb)
+    numerator += kd * air_leaf_difference * (1.0 - np.exp(-(kb + kd) * LAI))
+    denominator = kd + kb
+
+    if ALW_min is not None:
+        numerator = np.clip(numerator, ALW_min, None)
+
+    ALW_sunlit = numerator / denominator
+
+    # Combined longwave radiation flux densities from soil, air, and foliage
+    soil_air_leaf = Ls + La - 2 * Lf
+
+    if intermediate_min is not None or intermediate_max is not None:
+        soil_air_leaf = np.clip(soil_air_leaf, intermediate_min, intermediate_max)
+
+    # Absorbed longwave radiation by shaded leaves
+    # Derived from Eq. (45) in Wang et al. (2006)
+    ALW_shaded = (1.0 - np.exp(-kd_LAI)) * soil_air_leaf - ALW_sunlit
+
+    if ALW_min is not None:
+        ALW_shaded = np.clip(ALW_shaded, ALW_min, None)
+
+    # Absorbed longwave radiation by soil
+    # Derived from Eq. (41) in Wang et al. (2006)
+    ALW_soil = (1.0 - np.exp(-kd_LAI)) * Lf + np.exp(-kd_LAI) * La
+
+    if ALW_min is not None:
+        ALW_soil = np.clip(ALW_soil, ALW_min, None)
+
+    return ALW_sunlit, ALW_shaded, ALW_soil, Ls, La, Lf

BESS_JPL/canopy_shortwave_radiation.py

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+import numpy as np
+
+from check_distribution import check_distribution
+
+
+def canopy_shortwave_radiation(
+        PAR_diffuse_Wm2: np.ndarray,
+        PAR_direct_Wm2: np.ndarray,
+        NIR_diffuse_Wm2: np.ndarray,
+        NIR_direct_Wm2: np.ndarray,
+        UV_Wm2: np.ndarray,
+        SZA_deg: np.ndarray,
+        LAI: np.ndarray,
+        CI: np.ndarray,
+        albedo_visible: np.ndarray,
+        albedo_NIR: np.ndarray):
+    """
+    =============================================================================
+
+    Module     : Canopy radiative transfer
+    Input      : diffuse PAR radiation (PARDiff) [W m-2],
+               : direct PAR radiation (PARDir) [W m-2],
+               : diffuse NIR radiation (NIRDiff) [W m-2],
+               : direct NIR radiation (NIRDir) [W m-2],
+               : ultraviolet radiation (UV) [W m-2],
+               : solar zenith angle (SZA) [degree],
+               : leaf area index (LAI) [-],
+               : clumping index (CI) [-],
+               : visible albedo (albedo_visible) [-],
+               : NIR albedo (albedo_NIR) [-].
+    Output     : fraction of sunlit canopy (fSun) [-],
+               : total absorbed PAR by sunlit leaves (APAR_Sun) [μmol m-2 s-1],
+               : total absorbed PAR by shade leaves (APAR_Sh) [μmol m-2 s-1],
+               : total absorbed shortwave radiation by sunlit leaves (ASW_Sun) [W m-2],
+               : total absorbed shortwave radiation by shade leaves (ASW_Sh) [W m-2],
+               : total absorbed shortwave radiation by soil (ASW_Soil) [W m-2],
+               : ground heat storage (G) [W m-2].
+    References : Ryu, Y., Baldocchi, D. D., Kobayashi, H., Van Ingen, C., Li, J., Black, T. A., Beringer, J.,
+                 Van Gorsel, E., Knohl, A., Law, B. E., & Roupsard, O. (2011).
+
+                 Integration of MODIS land and atmosphere products with a coupled-process model
+                 to estimate gross primary productivity and evapotranspiration from 1 km to global scales.
+                 Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 25(GB4017), 1-24. doi:10.1029/2011GB004053.1.
+
+    Conversion from MatLab by Robert Freepartner, JPL/Raytheon/JaDa Systems
+    March 2020
+
+    =============================================================================
+    """
+    # Leaf scattering coefficients and soil reflectance (Sellers 1985)
+    SIGMA_P = 0.175
+    RHO_PSOIL = 0.15
+    SIGMA_N = 0.825
+    RHO_NSOIL = 0.30
+
+    # Extinction coefficient for diffuse and scattered diffuse PAR
+    kk_Pd = 0.72  # Table A1
+
+    # Check for None parameters
+    parameters = {
+        "PARDiff": PAR_diffuse_Wm2,
+        "PARDir": PAR_direct_Wm2,
+        "NIRDiff": NIR_diffuse_Wm2,
+        "NIRDir": NIR_direct_Wm2,
+        "UV": UV_Wm2,
+        "SZA": SZA_deg,
+        "LAI": LAI,
+        "CI": CI,
+        "albedo_visible": albedo_visible,
+        "albedo_NIR": albedo_NIR
+    }
+
+    for param_name, param_value in parameters.items():
+        check_distribution(param_value, param_name)
+        if param_value is None:
+            raise ValueError(f"The parameter '{param_name}' cannot be None.")
+
+    # Beam radiation extinction coefficient of canopy
+    kb = np.where(SZA_deg > 89, 50.0, 0.5 / np.cos(np.radians(SZA_deg)))  # Table A1
+    check_distribution(kb, "kb")
+
+    # Extinction coefficient for beam and scattered beam PAR
+    kk_Pb = np.where(SZA_deg > 89, 50.0, 0.46 / np.cos(np.radians(SZA_deg)))  # Table A1
+    check_distribution(kk_Pb, "kk_Pb")
+
+    # Extinction coefficient for beam and scattered beam NIR
+    kk_Nb = kb * np.sqrt(1.0 - SIGMA_N)  # Table A1
+    check_distribution(kk_Nb, "kk_Nb")
+
+    # Extinction coefficient for diffuse and scattered diffuse NIR
+    kk_Nd = 0.35 * np.sqrt(1.0 - SIGMA_N)  # Table A1
+    check_distribution(kk_Nd, "kk_Nd")
+
+    # Sunlit fraction
+    fSun = np.clip(1.0 / kb * (1.0 - np.exp(-kb * LAI * CI)) / LAI, 0, 1)  # Integration of Eq. (1)
+    fSun = np.where(LAI == 0, 0, fSun)  # Eq. (1)
+    check_distribution(fSun, "fSun")
+
+    # For simplicity
+    L_CI = LAI * CI
+    check_distribution(L_CI, "L_CI")
+    exp_kk_Pd_L_CI = np.exp(-kk_Pd * L_CI)
+    check_distribution(exp_kk_Pd_L_CI, "exp_kk_Pd_L_CI")
+    exp_kk_Nd_L_CI = np.exp(-kk_Nd * L_CI)
+    check_distribution(exp_kk_Nd_L_CI, "exp_kk_Nd_L_CI")
+
+    # Total absorbed incoming PAR
+    APARin_Wm2 = (1.0 - albedo_visible) * PAR_direct_Wm2 * (1.0 - np.exp(-kk_Pb * L_CI)) + (1.0 - albedo_visible) * PAR_diffuse_Wm2 * (
+            1.0 - exp_kk_Pd_L_CI)  # Eq. (2)
+    check_distribution(APARin_Wm2, "APARin_Wm2")
+
+    # Absorbed incoming beam PAR by sunlit leaves
+    APARin_sunlit_Wm2 = PAR_direct_Wm2 * (1.0 - SIGMA_P) * (1.0 - np.exp(-kb * L_CI))  # Eq. (3)
+    check_distribution(APARin_sunlit_Wm2, "APARin_sunlit_Wm2")
+
+    # Absorbed incoming diffuse PAR by sunlit leaves
+    APARin_diffuse_sunlit_Wm2 = PAR_diffuse_Wm2 * (1.0 - albedo_visible) * (1.0 - np.exp(-(kk_Pd + kb) * L_CI)) * kk_Pd / (
+            kk_Pd + kb)  # Eq. (4)
+    check_distribution(APARin_diffuse_sunlit_Wm2, "APARin_diffuse_Wm2")
+
+    # Absorbed incoming scattered PAR by sunlit leaves
+    APARin_scattered_sunlit_Wm2 = PAR_direct_Wm2 * (
+            (1.0 - albedo_visible) * (1.0 - np.exp(-(kk_Pb + kb) * L_CI)) * kk_Pb / (kk_Pb + kb) - (1.0 - SIGMA_P) * (
+            1.0 - np.exp(-2.0 * kb * L_CI)) / 2.0)  # Eq. (5)
+    APARin_scattered_sunlit_Wm2 = np.clip(APARin_scattered_sunlit_Wm2, 0, None)
+    check_distribution(APARin_scattered_sunlit_Wm2, "APARin_scattered_sunlit_Wm2")
+
+    # Absorbed incoming PAR by sunlit leaves
+    APARin_sunlit_Wm2 = APARin_sunlit_Wm2 + APARin_diffuse_sunlit_Wm2 + APARin_scattered_sunlit_Wm2  # Eq. (6)
+    check_distribution(APARin_sunlit_Wm2, "APARin_sunlit_Wm2")
+
+    # Absorbed incoming PAR by shade leaves
+    APARin_shade_Wm2 = np.clip(APARin_Wm2 - APARin_sunlit_Wm2, 0, None)  # Eq. (7)
+    check_distribution(APARin_shade_Wm2, "APARin_shade_Wm2")
+
+    # Incoming PAR at soil surface
+    PARin_soil_Wm2 = np.clip((1.0 - albedo_visible) * PAR_direct_Wm2 + (1 - albedo_visible) * PAR_diffuse_Wm2 - (APARin_sunlit_Wm2 + APARin_shade_Wm2), 0, None)
+    check_distribution(PARin_soil_Wm2, "PARin_soil_Wm2")
+
+    # Absorbed PAR by soil
+    APAR_soil_Wm2 = np.clip((1.0 - RHO_PSOIL) * PARin_soil_Wm2, 0, None)
+    check_distribution(APAR_soil_Wm2, "APAR_Soil")
+
+    # Absorbed outgoing PAR by sunlit leaves
+    APARout_sunlit_Wm2 = np.clip(PARin_soil_Wm2 * RHO_PSOIL * exp_kk_Pd_L_CI, 0, None)  # Eq. (8)
+    check_distribution(APARout_sunlit_Wm2, "APARout_sunlit_Wm2")
+
+    # Absorbed outgoing PAR by shade leaves
+    APARout_shade_Wm2 = np.clip(PARin_soil_Wm2 * RHO_PSOIL * (1 - exp_kk_Pd_L_CI), 0, None)  # Eq. (9)
+    check_distribution(APARout_shade_Wm2, "APARout_shade_Wm2")
+
+    # Total absorbed PAR by sunlit leaves
+    APAR_sunlit_Wm2 = APARin_sunlit_Wm2 + APARout_sunlit_Wm2  # Eq. (10)
+    check_distribution(APAR_sunlit_Wm2, "APAR_sunlit_Wm2")
+
+    # Total absorbed PAR by shade leaves
+    APAR_shade_Wm2 = APARin_shade_Wm2 + APARout_shade_Wm2  # Eq. (11)
+    check_distribution(APAR_shade_Wm2, "APAR_shade_Wm2")
+
+    # Absorbed incoming NIR by sunlit leaves
+    ANIRin_sunlit_Wm2 = NIR_direct_Wm2 * (1.0 - SIGMA_N) * (1.0 - np.exp(-kb * L_CI)) + NIR_diffuse_Wm2 * (1 - albedo_NIR) * (
+            1.0 - np.exp(-(kk_Nd + kb) * L_CI)) * kk_Nd / (kk_Nd + kb) + NIR_direct_Wm2 * (
+                       (1.0 - albedo_NIR) * (1.0 - np.exp(-(kk_Nb + kb) * L_CI)) * kk_Nb / (kk_Nb + kb) - (
+                       1.0 - SIGMA_N) * (1.0 - np.exp(-2.0 * kb * L_CI)) / 2.0)  # Eq. (14)
+    ANIRin_sunlit_Wm2 = np.clip(ANIRin_sunlit_Wm2, 0, None)
+    check_distribution(ANIRin_sunlit_Wm2, "ANIRin_sunlit_Wm2")
+
+    # Absorbed incoming NIR by shade leaves
+    ANIRin_shade_Wm2 = (1.0 - albedo_NIR) * NIR_direct_Wm2 * (1.0 - np.exp(-kk_Nb * L_CI)) + (1.0 - albedo_NIR) * NIR_diffuse_Wm2 * (
+            1.0 - exp_kk_Nd_L_CI) - ANIRin_sunlit_Wm2  # Eq. (15)
+    ANIRin_shade_Wm2 = np.clip(ANIRin_shade_Wm2, 0, None)
+    check_distribution(ANIRin_shade_Wm2, "ANIRin_shade_Wm2")
+
+    # Incoming NIR at soil surface
+    NIRin_soil_Wm2 = (1.0 - albedo_NIR) * NIR_direct_Wm2 + (1.0 - albedo_NIR) * NIR_diffuse_Wm2 - (ANIRin_sunlit_Wm2 + ANIRin_shade_Wm2)
+    NIRin_soil_Wm2 = np.clip(NIRin_soil_Wm2, 0, None)
+    check_distribution(NIRin_soil_Wm2, "NIRin_soil_Wm2")
+
+    # Absorbed NIR by soil
+    ANIR_soil_Wm2 = (1.0 - RHO_NSOIL) * NIRin_soil_Wm2
+    ANIR_soil_Wm2 = np.clip(ANIR_soil_Wm2, 0, None)
+    check_distribution(ANIR_soil_Wm2, "ANIR_soil_Wm2")
+
+    # Absorbed outgoing NIR by sunlit leaves
+    ANIRout_sunlit_Wm2 = NIRin_soil_Wm2 * RHO_NSOIL * exp_kk_Nd_L_CI  # Eq. (16)
+    ANIRout_sunlit_Wm2 = np.clip(ANIRout_sunlit_Wm2, 0, None)
+    check_distribution(ANIRout_sunlit_Wm2, "ANIRout_sunlit_Wm2")
+
+    # Absorbed outgoing NIR by shade leaves
+    ANIRout_Wm2 = NIRin_soil_Wm2 * RHO_NSOIL * (1.0 - exp_kk_Nd_L_CI)  # Eq. (17)
+    ANIRout_Wm2 = np.clip(ANIRout_Wm2, 0, None)
+    check_distribution(ANIRout_Wm2, "ANIRout_Wm2")
+
+    # Total absorbed NIR by sunlit leaves
+    ANIR_sunlit_Wm2 = ANIRin_sunlit_Wm2 + ANIRout_sunlit_Wm2  # Eq. (18)
+    check_distribution(ANIR_sunlit_Wm2, "ANIR_sunlit_Wm2")
+
+    # Total absorbed NIR by shade leaves
+    ANIR_shade_Wm2 = ANIRin_shade_Wm2 + ANIRout_Wm2  # Eq. (19)
+    check_distribution(ANIR_shade_Wm2, "ANIR_shade_Wm2")
+
+    # Direct UV radiation (W/m²), calculated as the proportion of total UV radiation that corresponds to direct PAR radiation.
+    # This represents the UV radiation coming directly from the sun without scattering.
+    UV_direct_Wm2 = UV_Wm2 * PAR_direct_Wm2 / (PAR_direct_Wm2 + PAR_diffuse_Wm2 + 1e-5)
+
+    # Diffuse UV radiation (W/m²), calculated as the remaining portion of total UV radiation after subtracting the direct component.
+    # This represents the UV radiation scattered in the atmosphere before reaching the canopy.
+    UV_diffuse_Wm2 = UV_Wm2 - UV_direct_Wm2
+
+    # Total absorbed UV radiation by the canopy (W/m²), combining contributions from diffuse UV radiation.
+    AUV_Wm2 = (1.0 - 0.05) * UV_diffuse_Wm2 * (1.0 - np.exp(-kk_Pb * L_CI)) + (1.0 - 0.05) * UV_diffuse_Wm2 * (1.0 - exp_kk_Pd_L_CI)
+
+    # Absorbed UV radiation by sunlit leaves (W/m²), calculated as the product of total absorbed UV radiation and the sunlit fraction.
+    # This represents the portion of UV radiation absorbed by the sunlit canopy.
+    AUV_sunlit_Wm2 = AUV_Wm2 * fSun
+
+    # Absorbed UV radiation by shaded leaves (W/m²), calculated as the product of total absorbed UV radiation and the shaded fraction.
+    # This represents the portion of UV radiation absorbed by the shaded canopy.
+    AUV_shade_Wm2 = AUV_Wm2 * (1 - fSun)
+
+    # Absorbed UV radiation by the soil (W/m²), calculated as the remaining UV radiation after accounting for absorption by the canopy.
+    # This represents the portion of UV radiation absorbed by the ground surface.
+    AUV_soil_Wm2 = (1.0 - 0.05) * UV_Wm2 - AUV_Wm2
+
+    # Ground heat storage
+    G_Wm2 = APAR_soil_Wm2 * 0.28
+    check_distribution(G_Wm2, "G_Wm2")
+
+    # Summary
+    # Total absorbed shortwave radiation by sunlit leaves (ASW_Sun_Wm2) [W/m^2].
+    # Calculated as the sum of absorbed PAR, NIR, and UV radiation by sunlit leaves.
+    ASW_sunlit_Wm2 = APAR_sunlit_Wm2 + ANIR_sunlit_Wm2 + AUV_sunlit_Wm2
+    ASW_sunlit_Wm2 = np.where(LAI == 0, 0, ASW_sunlit_Wm2)
+    check_distribution(ASW_sunlit_Wm2, "ASW_sunlit_Wm2")
+
+    # Total absorbed shortwave radiation by shaded leaves (ASW_Sh_Wm2) [W/m^2].
+    # Calculated as the sum of absorbed PAR, NIR, and UV radiation by shaded leaves.
+    ASW_shade_Wm2 = APAR_shade_Wm2 + ANIR_shade_Wm2 + AUV_shade_Wm2
+    ASW_shade_Wm2 = np.where(LAI == 0, 0, ASW_shade_Wm2)
+    check_distribution(ASW_shade_Wm2, "ASW_shade_Wm2")
+
+    # Total absorbed shortwave radiation by soil (ASW_Soil_Wm2) [W/m^2].
+    # Calculated as the sum of absorbed PAR, NIR, and UV radiation by the soil.
+    ASW_soil_Wm2 = APAR_soil_Wm2 + ANIR_soil_Wm2 + AUV_soil_Wm2
+    check_distribution(ASW_soil_Wm2, "ASW_soil_Wm2")
+
+    # Total absorbed PAR by sunlit leaves (APAR_Sun_Wm2) [W/m^2].
+    # Adjusted to zero where LAI is zero.
+    APAR_sunlit_Wm2 = np.where(LAI == 0, 0, APAR_sunlit_Wm2)
+    check_distribution(APAR_sunlit_Wm2, "APAR_sunlit_Wm2")
+
+    # Total absorbed PAR by sunlit leaves (APAR_Sun_μmolm2s1) [μmol/m^2/s].
+    # Converted from APAR_Sun_Wm2 using a factor of 4.56.
+    APAR_sunlit_μmolm2s1 = APAR_sunlit_Wm2 * 4.56
+    check_distribution(APAR_sunlit_μmolm2s1, "APAR_sunlit_μmolm2s1")
+
+    # Total absorbed PAR by shaded leaves (APAR_Sh_Wm2) [W/m^2].
+    # Adjusted to zero where LAI is zero.
+    APAR_shade_Wm2 = np.where(LAI == 0, 0, APAR_shade_Wm2)
+    check_distribution(APAR_shade_Wm2, "APAR_shade_Wm2")
+
+    # Total absorbed PAR by shaded leaves (APAR_Sh_μmolm2s1) [μmol/m^2/s].
+    # Converted from APAR_Sh_Wm2 using a factor of 4.56.
+    APAR_shade_μmolm2s1 = APAR_shade_Wm2 * 4.56
+    check_distribution(APAR_shade_μmolm2s1, "APAR_shade_μmolm2s1")
+
+    # Return values as a dictionary
+    return {
+        "fSun": fSun,
+        "APAR_sunlit_μmolm2s1": APAR_sunlit_μmolm2s1,
+        "APAR_shade_μmolm2s1": APAR_shade_μmolm2s1,
+        "ASW_sunlit_Wm2": ASW_sunlit_Wm2,
+        "ASW_shade_Wm2": ASW_shade_Wm2,
+        "ASW_soil_Wm2": ASW_soil_Wm2,
+        "G_Wm2": G_Wm2
+    }