zexus 1.7.1 → 1.7.2

package/src/zexus/blockchain/node.py

@@ -0,0 +1,666 @@
+"""
+Zexus Blockchain — Node
+
+The Node is the top-level integration point that ties together:
+  - Chain (block storage + state)
+  - Mempool (pending transactions)
+  - P2P Network (peer connectivity)
+  - Consensus Engine (block production + validation)
+
+It provides the public API used by the Zexus evaluator, CLI, and RPC.
+"""
+
+import asyncio
+import json
+import hashlib
+import time
+import threading
+import logging
+from typing import Any, Callable, Dict, List, Optional, Set
+
+from .chain import Block, BlockHeader, Chain, Mempool, Transaction, TransactionReceipt
+from .network import P2PNetwork, Message, MessageType, PeerConnection, PeerReputationManager
+from .consensus import ConsensusEngine, ProofOfWork, create_consensus
+
+# Multichain bridge (optional)
+try:
+    from .multichain import ChainRouter, BridgeContract, CrossChainMessage
+    _MULTICHAIN_AVAILABLE = True
+except ImportError:
+    _MULTICHAIN_AVAILABLE = False
+    ChainRouter = None  # type: ignore
+    BridgeContract = None  # type: ignore
+
+# RPC server (optional — requires aiohttp)
+try:
+    from .rpc import RPCServer
+    _RPC_AVAILABLE = True
+except ImportError:
+    _RPC_AVAILABLE = False
+    RPCServer = None  # type: ignore
+
+# Contract VM bridge (optional — only if the VM module is present)
+try:
+    from .contract_vm import ContractVM, ContractExecutionReceipt
+    _CONTRACT_VM_AVAILABLE = True
+except ImportError:
+    _CONTRACT_VM_AVAILABLE = False
+    ContractVM = None  # type: ignore
+    ContractExecutionReceipt = None  # type: ignore
+
+# Event indexing (optional)
+try:
+    from .events import EventIndex, LogFilter, BloomFilter, EventLog
+    _EVENTS_AVAILABLE = True
+except ImportError:
+    _EVENTS_AVAILABLE = False
+    EventIndex = None  # type: ignore
+
+logger = logging.getLogger("zexus.blockchain.node")
+
+
+class NodeConfig:
+    """Configuration for a blockchain node."""
+
+    def __init__(self, **kwargs):
+        self.chain_id: str = kwargs.get("chain_id", "zexus-mainnet")
+        self.host: str = kwargs.get("host", "0.0.0.0")
+        self.port: int = kwargs.get("port", 30303)
+        self.data_dir: Optional[str] = kwargs.get("data_dir", None)
+        self.consensus: str = kwargs.get("consensus", "pow")
+        self.consensus_params: Dict[str, Any] = kwargs.get("consensus_params", {})
+        self.miner_address: str = kwargs.get("miner_address", "")
+        self.mining_enabled: bool = kwargs.get("mining_enabled", False)
+        self.mining_interval: float = kwargs.get("mining_interval", 5.0)
+        self.max_peers: int = kwargs.get("max_peers", 25)
+        self.bootstrap_nodes: List[Dict[str, Any]] = kwargs.get("bootstrap_nodes", [])
+        self.initial_balances: Dict[str, int] = kwargs.get("initial_balances", {})
+        self.rpc_enabled: bool = kwargs.get("rpc_enabled", False)
+        self.rpc_port: int = kwargs.get("rpc_port", 8545)
+
+
+class BlockchainNode:
+    """Full blockchain node.
+    
+    Coordinates chain storage, transaction processing, P2P networking,
+    consensus, and mining into a single cohesive system.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, config: Optional[NodeConfig] = None):
+        self.config = config or NodeConfig()
+        
+        # Core components
+        self.chain = Chain(
+            chain_id=self.config.chain_id,
+            data_dir=self.config.data_dir,
+        )
+        self.mempool = Mempool()
+        self.consensus_engine: ConsensusEngine = create_consensus(
+            self.config.consensus,
+            **self.config.consensus_params,
+        )
+        self.network = P2PNetwork(
+            host=self.config.host,
+            port=self.config.port,
+            chain_id=self.config.chain_id,
+            max_peers=self.config.max_peers,
+        )
+
+        # Mining state
+        self._mining = False
+        self._mining_task: Optional[asyncio.Task] = None
+
+        # Contract VM bridge — enables smart-contract execution via
+        # the Zexus VM with real chain-backed state.
+        self.contract_vm: Optional["ContractVM"] = None
+        if _CONTRACT_VM_AVAILABLE:
+            self.contract_vm = ContractVM(
+                chain=self.chain,
+                gas_limit=self.config.consensus_params.get("gas_limit", 10_000_000),
+            )
+
+        # Event listeners
+        self._event_handlers: Dict[str, List[Callable]] = {}
+
+        # RPC server
+        self.rpc_server: Optional["RPCServer"] = None
+
+        # Event indexer
+        self.event_index: Optional["EventIndex"] = None
+        if _EVENTS_AVAILABLE:
+            self.event_index = EventIndex(data_dir=self.config.data_dir)
+
+        # Node lifecycle
+        self._running = False
+        self._loop: Optional[asyncio.AbstractEventLoop] = None
+        self._bg_thread: Optional[threading.Thread] = None
+
+    # ── Lifecycle ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    async def start(self):
+        """Start the node: initialize chain, start networking, begin mining."""
+        if self._running:
+            return
+
+        self._loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
+        self._running = True
+
+        # Initialize chain with genesis if empty
+        if not self.chain.blocks:
+            self.chain.create_genesis(
+                miner=self.config.miner_address or "0x" + "0" * 40,
+                initial_balances=self.config.initial_balances or None,
+            )
+            logger.info("Genesis block created for chain '%s'", self.config.chain_id)
+
+        # Set up network handlers
+        self._register_network_handlers()
+
+        # Start P2P network
+        for bn in self.config.bootstrap_nodes:
+            self.network.add_bootstrap_node(bn.get("host", ""), bn.get("port", 0))
+        await self.network.start()
+
+        # Start mining if enabled
+        if self.config.mining_enabled and self.config.miner_address:
+            self.start_mining()
+
+        # Start RPC server if enabled
+        if self.config.rpc_enabled and _RPC_AVAILABLE:
+            self.rpc_server = RPCServer(
+                node=self,
+                host=self.config.host,
+                port=self.config.rpc_port,
+            )
+            await self.rpc_server.start()
+            logger.info("RPC server started on port %d", self.config.rpc_port)
+
+        logger.info("Node started: chain=%s height=%d peers=%d",
+                     self.config.chain_id, self.chain.height, self.network.peer_count)
+
+    async def stop(self):
+        """Stop the node gracefully."""
+        self._running = False
+        self.stop_mining()
+        if self.rpc_server and self.rpc_server.is_running:
+            await self.rpc_server.stop()
+        await self.network.stop()
+        self.chain.close()
+        logger.info("Node stopped")
+
+    def start_sync(self):
+        """Start the node in a background thread (for non-async callers)."""
+        if self._bg_thread and self._bg_thread.is_alive():
+            return
+
+        def _run():
+            loop = asyncio.new_event_loop()
+            asyncio.set_event_loop(loop)
+            self._loop = loop
+            loop.run_until_complete(self.start())
+            loop.run_forever()
+
+        self._bg_thread = threading.Thread(target=_run, daemon=True)
+        self._bg_thread.start()
+
+    def stop_sync(self):
+        """Stop the node from the synchronous world."""
+        if self._loop and self._running:
+            asyncio.run_coroutine_threadsafe(self.stop(), self._loop)
+
+    # ── Events ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    def on(self, event: str, handler: Callable):
+        """Register an event handler. Events: new_block, new_tx, mined, sync."""
+        self._event_handlers.setdefault(event, []).append(handler)
+
+    def _emit(self, event: str, data: Any = None):
+        for handler in self._event_handlers.get(event, []):
+            try:
+                handler(data)
+            except Exception as e:
+                logger.error("Event handler error (%s): %s", event, e)
+
+    # ── Transaction API ────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    def submit_transaction(self, tx: Transaction) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        """Submit a transaction to the node.
+        
+        Validates, adds to mempool, and broadcasts to peers.
+        
+        Returns:
+            {"success": bool, "tx_hash": str, "error": str}
+        """
+        # Ensure hash
+        if not tx.tx_hash:
+            tx.compute_hash()
+
+        # Basic validation
+        if not tx.sender:
+            return {"success": False, "tx_hash": "", "error": "missing sender"}
+
+        sender_acct = self.chain.get_account(tx.sender)
+        cost = tx.value + (tx.gas_limit * tx.gas_price)
+        if sender_acct["balance"] < cost:
+            return {"success": False, "tx_hash": tx.tx_hash,
+                    "error": f"insufficient balance: need {cost}, have {sender_acct['balance']}"}
+
+        if tx.nonce < sender_acct["nonce"]:
+            return {"success": False, "tx_hash": tx.tx_hash,
+                    "error": f"nonce too low: expected >= {sender_acct['nonce']}, got {tx.nonce}"}
+
+        # Add to mempool
+        if not self.mempool.add(tx):
+            return {"success": False, "tx_hash": tx.tx_hash, "error": "mempool rejected"}
+
+        # Broadcast to peers
+        if self._loop and self.network.is_running:
+            asyncio.run_coroutine_threadsafe(
+                self.network.gossip(Message(
+                    type=MessageType.NEW_TX,
+                    payload=tx.to_dict(),
+                )),
+                self._loop,
+            )
+
+        self._emit("new_tx", tx)
+        return {"success": True, "tx_hash": tx.tx_hash, "error": ""}
+
+    def create_transaction(self, sender: str, recipient: str, value: int,
+                           data: str = "", gas_limit: int = 21_000,
+                           gas_price: int = 1) -> Transaction:
+        """Convenience: create and submit a transaction."""
+        acct = self.chain.get_account(sender)
+        tx = Transaction(
+            sender=sender,
+            recipient=recipient,
+            value=value,
+            data=data,
+            nonce=acct["nonce"],
+            gas_limit=gas_limit,
+            gas_price=gas_price,
+            timestamp=time.time(),
+        )
+        tx.compute_hash()
+        return tx
+
+    # ── Block API ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    def get_block(self, hash_or_height) -> Optional[Dict[str, Any]]:
+        """Get a block by hash or height."""
+        block = self.chain.get_block(hash_or_height)
+        return block.to_dict() if block else None
+
+    def get_latest_block(self) -> Optional[Dict[str, Any]]:
+        """Get the latest block."""
+        tip = self.chain.tip
+        return tip.to_dict() if tip else None
+
+    def get_chain_info(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        """Get combined chain + network info."""
+        info = self.chain.get_chain_info()
+        info["network"] = self.network.get_network_info()
+        info["mempool_size"] = self.mempool.size
+        info["mining"] = self._mining
+        info["consensus"] = self.config.consensus
+        return info
+
+    # ── Account API ────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    def get_balance(self, address: str) -> int:
+        return self.chain.get_account(address)["balance"]
+
+    def get_nonce(self, address: str) -> int:
+        return self.chain.get_account(address)["nonce"]
+
+    def get_account(self, address: str) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        return self.chain.get_account(address)
+
+    def fund_account(self, address: str, amount: int):
+        """Fund an account (for testnets / development)."""
+        acct = self.chain.get_account(address)
+        acct["balance"] += amount
+
+    # ── Smart Contract API ─────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    def deploy_contract(self, contract, deployer: str,
+                        gas_limit: int = 10_000_000,
+                        initial_value: int = 0) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        """Deploy a SmartContract onto the chain via the ContractVM.
+
+        Returns:
+            {"success": bool, "address": str, "error": str}
+        """
+        if self.contract_vm is None:
+            return {"success": False, "address": "", "error": "ContractVM not available"}
+
+        receipt = self.contract_vm.deploy_contract(
+            contract=contract,
+            deployer=deployer,
+            gas_limit=gas_limit,
+            initial_value=initial_value,
+        )
+        return {
+            "success": receipt.success,
+            "address": contract.address,
+            "error": receipt.error,
+            "gas_used": receipt.gas_used,
+        }
+
+    def call_contract(self, contract_address: str, action: str,
+                      args: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None,
+                      caller: str = "",
+                      gas_limit: int = 500_000,
+                      value: int = 0) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        """Execute a contract action (state-mutating).
+
+        Returns:
+            {"success": bool, "return_value": Any, "gas_used": int, ...}
+        """
+        if self.contract_vm is None:
+            return {"success": False, "error": "ContractVM not available"}
+
+        receipt = self.contract_vm.execute_contract(
+            contract_address=contract_address,
+            action=action,
+            args=args,
+            caller=caller,
+            gas_limit=gas_limit,
+            value=value,
+        )
+        return receipt.to_dict()
+
+    def static_call_contract(self, contract_address: str, action: str,
+                             args: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None,
+                             caller: str = "") -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        """Execute a read-only contract call (no state changes committed).
+
+        Returns:
+            {"success": bool, "return_value": Any, "gas_used": int, ...}
+        """
+        if self.contract_vm is None:
+            return {"success": False, "error": "ContractVM not available"}
+
+        receipt = self.contract_vm.static_call(
+            contract_address=contract_address,
+            action=action,
+            args=args,
+            caller=caller,
+        )
+        return receipt.to_dict()
+
+    # ── Mining ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    def start_mining(self):
+        """Start the mining loop."""
+        if self._mining:
+            return
+        if not self.config.miner_address:
+            raise RuntimeError("Cannot mine without a miner_address")
+        self._mining = True
+        if self._loop:
+            self._mining_task = asyncio.run_coroutine_threadsafe(
+                self._mining_loop(), self._loop
+            )
+        logger.info("Mining started (miner=%s)", self.config.miner_address[:8])
+
+    def stop_mining(self):
+        """Stop the mining loop."""
+        self._mining = False
+        if self._mining_task:
+            self._mining_task.cancel()
+            self._mining_task = None
+        logger.info("Mining stopped")
+
+    async def _mining_loop(self):
+        """Continuous mining loop."""
+        while self._mining and self._running:
+            try:
+                block = await asyncio.get_event_loop().run_in_executor(
+                    None, self._mine_one_block
+                )
+                if block:
+                    success, err = self.chain.add_block(block)
+                    if success:
+                        logger.info("Mined block %d: %s", block.header.height, block.hash[:16])
+                        self._emit("mined", block)
+                        # Broadcast new block
+                        await self.network.gossip(Message(
+                            type=MessageType.NEW_BLOCK,
+                            payload=block.to_dict(),
+                        ))
+                    else:
+                        logger.warning("Mined block rejected: %s", err)
+                else:
+                    await asyncio.sleep(self.config.mining_interval)
+            except asyncio.CancelledError:
+                break
+            except Exception as e:
+                logger.error("Mining error: %s", e)
+                await asyncio.sleep(1)
+
+    def _mine_one_block(self) -> Optional[Block]:
+        """Attempt to mine a single block."""
+        if self.mempool.size == 0:
+            return None
+        return self.consensus_engine.seal(
+            self.chain, self.mempool, self.config.miner_address
+        )
+
+    def mine_block_sync(self) -> Optional[Block]:
+        """Mine a single block synchronously (for testing/scripting)."""
+        block = self.consensus_engine.seal(
+            self.chain, self.mempool, self.config.miner_address
+        )
+        if block:
+            success, err = self.chain.add_block(block)
+            if success:
+                self._emit("mined", block)
+                # Index events from the new block
+                if self.event_index:
+                    self.event_index.index_block(block)
+                return block
+            else:
+                logger.warning("Block rejected: %s", err)
+        return None
+
+    # ── Chain Sync (Network) ───────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    def _register_network_handlers(self):
+        """Set up P2P message handlers for blockchain protocol."""
+        self.network.on(MessageType.NEW_BLOCK, self._on_new_block)
+        self.network.on(MessageType.NEW_TX, self._on_new_tx)
+        self.network.on(MessageType.GET_BLOCKS, self._on_get_blocks)
+        self.network.on(MessageType.BLOCKS, self._on_blocks)
+        self.network.on(MessageType.GET_HEADERS, self._on_get_headers)
+        self.network.on(MessageType.HEADERS, self._on_headers)
+
+    async def _on_new_block(self, msg: Message, conn: PeerConnection):
+        """Handle a NEW_BLOCK message from a peer."""
+        try:
+            block = Block.from_dict(msg.payload)
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.debug("Invalid block from %s: %s", msg.sender[:8], e)
+            return
+
+        # Skip if we already have this block
+        if block.hash in self.chain.block_index:
+            return
+
+        # Validate via consensus
+        if not self.consensus_engine.verify(block, self.chain):
+            logger.debug("Block %d from %s failed consensus", block.header.height, msg.sender[:8])
+            # Penalize peer for invalid block
+            if conn.peer_info.peer_id:
+                self.network.reputation.update(
+                    conn.peer_info, PeerReputationManager.INVALID_BLOCK,
+                    reason="failed consensus verification")
+            return
+
+        # Try to add to chain
+        success, err = self.chain.add_block(block)
+        if success:
+            logger.info("Accepted block %d from peer %s", block.header.height, msg.sender[:8])
+            self._emit("new_block", block)
+            # Reward peer for valid block
+            if conn.peer_info.peer_id:
+                self.network.reputation.update(
+                    conn.peer_info, PeerReputationManager.VALID_BLOCK,
+                    reason="valid block accepted")
+            # Remove block's txs from our mempool
+            for tx in block.transactions:
+                self.mempool.remove(tx.tx_hash)
+            # Relay to other peers
+            await self.network.gossip(msg, exclude={msg.sender})
+        else:
+            logger.debug("Block %d rejected: %s", block.header.height, err)
+            # If block is ahead of us, we might need to sync
+            if block.header.height > self.chain.height + 1:
+                await self._request_sync(conn)
+
+    async def _on_new_tx(self, msg: Message, conn: PeerConnection):
+        """Handle a NEW_TX message from a peer."""
+        try:
+            tx = Transaction(**msg.payload)
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.debug("Invalid TX from %s: %s", msg.sender[:8], e)
+            return
+
+        if self.mempool.add(tx):
+            self._emit("new_tx", tx)
+            # Reward peer for valid transaction
+            if conn.peer_info.peer_id:
+                self.network.reputation.update(
+                    conn.peer_info, PeerReputationManager.VALID_TX,
+                    reason="valid transaction")
+            # Relay
+            await self.network.gossip(msg, exclude={msg.sender})
+
+    async def _on_get_blocks(self, msg: Message, conn: PeerConnection):
+        """Respond to a GET_BLOCKS request."""
+        start_height = msg.payload.get("start", 0)
+        count = min(msg.payload.get("count", 50), 100)  # Max 100 blocks per request
+
+        blocks_data = []
+        for h in range(start_height, min(start_height + count, self.chain.height + 1)):
+            block = self.chain.get_block(h)
+            if block:
+                blocks_data.append(block.to_dict())
+
+        await conn.send(Message(
+            type=MessageType.BLOCKS,
+            payload={"blocks": blocks_data},
+        ))
+
+    async def _on_blocks(self, msg: Message, conn: PeerConnection):
+        """Handle received blocks (sync response)."""
+        blocks_data = msg.payload.get("blocks", [])
+        added = 0
+        for bd in blocks_data:
+            try:
+                block = Block.from_dict(bd)
+                if block.hash not in self.chain.block_index:
+                    if self.consensus_engine.verify(block, self.chain):
+                        success, _ = self.chain.add_block(block)
+                        if success:
+                            added += 1
+            except Exception as e:
+                logger.debug("Error processing sync block: %s", e)
+                continue
+
+        if added > 0:
+            logger.info("Synced %d blocks from peer %s (height now %d)",
+                        added, msg.sender[:8], self.chain.height)
+
+    async def _on_get_headers(self, msg: Message, conn: PeerConnection):
+        """Respond to header requests."""
+        start = msg.payload.get("start", 0)
+        count = min(msg.payload.get("count", 100), 500)
+        
+        headers = []
+        for h in range(start, min(start + count, self.chain.height + 1)):
+            block = self.chain.get_block(h)
+            if block:
+                from dataclasses import asdict
+                headers.append(asdict(block.header))
+        
+        await conn.send(Message(
+            type=MessageType.HEADERS,
+            payload={"headers": headers},
+        ))
+
+    async def _on_headers(self, msg: Message, conn: PeerConnection):
+        """Handle received headers — decide if we need full blocks."""
+        headers = msg.payload.get("headers", [])
+        if headers:
+            last = headers[-1]
+            remote_height = last.get("height", 0)
+            if remote_height > self.chain.height:
+                # Request missing blocks
+                await conn.send(Message(
+                    type=MessageType.GET_BLOCKS,
+                    payload={"start": self.chain.height + 1, "count": 50},
+                ))
+
+    async def _request_sync(self, conn: PeerConnection):
+        """Request blocks from a peer to catch up."""
+        await conn.send(Message(
+            type=MessageType.GET_BLOCKS,
+            payload={"start": self.chain.height + 1, "count": 50},
+        ))
+
+    # ── Utility ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    def validate_chain(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        """Full chain integrity check."""
+        valid, err = self.chain.validate_chain()
+        return {"valid": valid, "error": err, "height": self.chain.height}
+
+    def export_chain(self) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
+        """Export the full chain as a list of block dicts."""
+        return [b.to_dict() for b in self.chain.blocks]
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return (f"BlockchainNode(chain_id={self.config.chain_id!r}, "
+                f"height={self.chain.height}, peers={self.network.peer_count})")
+
+    # ── Multichain / Cross-chain Bridge ────────────────────────────────
+
+    def join_router(self, router: "ChainRouter") -> None:
+        """Register this node's chain with an external ChainRouter."""
+        if not _MULTICHAIN_AVAILABLE:
+            raise RuntimeError("Multichain module not available")
+        router.register_chain(self.config.chain_id, self.chain)
+        self._router = router
+        logger.info("Node %s joined ChainRouter", self.config.chain_id)
+
+    def bridge_to(
+        self,
+        other_node: "BlockchainNode",
+        router: Optional["ChainRouter"] = None,
+    ) -> "BridgeContract":
+        """Create a bridge contract between this node and *other_node*.
+
+        If no *router* is provided, a new one is created.
+
+        Returns a ``BridgeContract`` for lock-and-mint / burn-and-release.
+        """
+        if not _MULTICHAIN_AVAILABLE:
+            raise RuntimeError("Multichain module not available")
+        if router is None:
+            router = ChainRouter()
+        if self.config.chain_id not in router.chain_ids:
+            self.join_router(router)
+        if other_node.config.chain_id not in router.chain_ids:
+            other_node.join_router(router)
+        router.connect(self.config.chain_id, other_node.config.chain_id)
+        bridge = BridgeContract(
+            router=router,
+            source_chain=self.config.chain_id,
+            dest_chain=other_node.config.chain_id,
+        )
+        logger.info(
+            "Bridge created: %s <-> %s",
+            self.config.chain_id, other_node.config.chain_id,
+        )
+        return bridge