web-agent-bridge 3.4.0 → 3.9.0

package/server/services/verification.js

@@ -1,481 +1,481 @@
-/**
- * Anti-Hallucination Shield (Cross-Verification Engine)
- * ════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
- * Prevents AI agent "hallucinations" by cross-verifying data read from
- * the DOM against visual analysis (screenshots). If the agent reads a
- * price as "$10" but the screenshot shows "$100", the shield catches the
- * discrepancy and halts execution, requesting human confirmation.
- *
- * Verification layers:
- *  1. DOM vs Vision: Compare text extracted from DOM with OCR/vision output
- *  2. Price Sanity: Flag unrealistically low prices vs market averages
- *  3. Temporal Consistency: Compare with previously cached values
- *  4. Multi-Source: Cross-check across multiple page elements
- */
-
-const { db } = require('../models/db');
-const crypto = require('crypto');
-
-// ─── Schema ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
-
-db.exec(`
-  CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS verification_results (
-    id TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
-    site_id TEXT NOT NULL,
-    agent_id TEXT,
-    url TEXT,
-    verification_type TEXT NOT NULL CHECK(verification_type IN (
-      'price','text','element_presence','form_data','navigation','action_result'
-    )),
-    dom_value TEXT,
-    vision_value TEXT,
-    cached_value TEXT,
-    match_score REAL DEFAULT 0,
-    discrepancy_type TEXT CHECK(discrepancy_type IN (
-      'none','minor','major','critical','fraud_suspected'
-    )),
-    discrepancy_details TEXT DEFAULT '{}',
-    action_taken TEXT DEFAULT 'none' CHECK(action_taken IN (
-      'none','warn','halt','confirm_human','auto_correct','block'
-    )),
-    human_confirmed INTEGER DEFAULT 0,
-    created_at TEXT DEFAULT (datetime('now'))
-  );
-
-  CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS price_benchmarks (
-    id TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
-    category TEXT NOT NULL,
-    item_pattern TEXT NOT NULL,
-    avg_price REAL NOT NULL,
-    min_price REAL NOT NULL,
-    max_price REAL NOT NULL,
-    currency TEXT DEFAULT 'USD',
-    sample_count INTEGER DEFAULT 1,
-    last_updated TEXT DEFAULT (datetime('now'))
-  );
-
-  CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS verification_cache (
-    id TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
-    site_id TEXT NOT NULL,
-    url TEXT NOT NULL,
-    field_name TEXT NOT NULL,
-    field_value TEXT NOT NULL,
-    value_hash TEXT NOT NULL,
-    source TEXT DEFAULT 'dom' CHECK(source IN ('dom','vision','agent')),
-    captured_at TEXT DEFAULT (datetime('now')),
-    expires_at TEXT
-  );
-
-  CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_verif_results_site ON verification_results(site_id);
-  CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_verif_results_type ON verification_results(discrepancy_type);
-  CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_verif_cache_site ON verification_cache(site_id);
-  CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_verif_cache_url ON verification_cache(url);
-  CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_price_bench_cat ON price_benchmarks(category);
-`);
-
-// ─── Constants ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
-
-const THRESHOLDS = {
-  priceMismatchMinor: 0.05,    // 5% difference
-  priceMismatchMajor: 0.15,    // 15%
-  priceMismatchCritical: 0.50, // 50%
-  priceAnomalyLow: 0.3,       // 70% below market average
-  priceAnomalyHigh: 3.0,      // 300% above market average
-  textSimilarityOk: 0.85,     // 85% text match is acceptable
-  textSimilarityWarn: 0.60,   // Below 60% is a warning
-};
-
-// ─── Text Similarity (Levenshtein-based) ─────────────────────────────
-
-function levenshteinDistance(a, b) {
-  const m = a.length, n = b.length;
-  const dp = Array.from({ length: m + 1 }, () => Array(n + 1).fill(0));
-  for (let i = 0; i <= m; i++) dp[i][0] = i;
-  for (let j = 0; j <= n; j++) dp[0][j] = j;
-  for (let i = 1; i <= m; i++) {
-    for (let j = 1; j <= n; j++) {
-      dp[i][j] = a[i - 1] === b[j - 1]
-        ? dp[i - 1][j - 1]
-        : 1 + Math.min(dp[i - 1][j], dp[i][j - 1], dp[i - 1][j - 1]);
-    }
-  }
-  return dp[m][n];
-}
-
-function textSimilarity(a, b) {
-  if (!a || !b) return 0;
-  const cleanA = a.toString().trim().toLowerCase();
-  const cleanB = b.toString().trim().toLowerCase();
-  if (cleanA === cleanB) return 1.0;
-  const maxLen = Math.max(cleanA.length, cleanB.length);
-  if (maxLen === 0) return 1.0;
-  return 1 - levenshteinDistance(cleanA, cleanB) / maxLen;
-}
-
-// ─── Price Extraction ────────────────────────────────────────────────
-
-function extractPrice(text) {
-  if (typeof text !== 'string') return null;
-  // Match common price formats: $100, $1,000.00, 100.00$, EUR 50, etc.
-  const patterns = [
-    /[\$€£¥]\s*([\d,]+\.?\d*)/,
-    /([\d,]+\.?\d*)\s*[\$€£¥]/,
-    /(?:USD|EUR|GBP|SAR|AED)\s*([\d,]+\.?\d*)/i,
-    /([\d,]+\.?\d*)\s*(?:USD|EUR|GBP|SAR|AED)/i,
-  ];
-
-  for (const pattern of patterns) {
-    const match = text.match(pattern);
-    if (match) {
-      return parseFloat(match[1].replace(/,/g, ''));
-    }
-  }
-  return null;
-}
-
-// ─── Core Verification ───────────────────────────────────────────────
-
-function verifyPrice({ siteId, agentId, url, domValue, visionValue, category, itemName }) {
-  const id = crypto.randomBytes(12).toString('hex');
-
-  const domPrice = extractPrice(domValue);
-  const visionPrice = extractPrice(visionValue);
-
-  const result = {
-    id,
-    siteId,
-    verificationType: 'price',
-    domValue,
-    visionValue,
-    domPrice,
-    visionPrice,
-    matchScore: 1.0,
-    discrepancyType: 'none',
-    discrepancyDetails: {},
-    actionTaken: 'none',
-    checks: []
-  };
-
-  // Check 1: DOM vs Vision price match
-  if (domPrice !== null && visionPrice !== null) {
-    const priceDiff = Math.abs(domPrice - visionPrice);
-    const relativeDiff = domPrice > 0 ? priceDiff / domPrice : 0;
-
-    result.matchScore = 1 - relativeDiff;
-
-    if (relativeDiff > THRESHOLDS.priceMismatchCritical) {
-      result.discrepancyType = 'critical';
-      result.actionTaken = 'halt';
-      result.discrepancyDetails.domVsVision = {
-        difference: priceDiff,
-        relativeDifference: Math.round(relativeDiff * 100) + '%',
-        message: `CRITICAL: DOM shows $${domPrice} but visual shows $${visionPrice}. ` +
-          `Possible deceptive pricing or site error. Operation halted.`
-      };
-      result.checks.push({ check: 'dom_vs_vision', status: 'FAIL', severity: 'critical' });
-    } else if (relativeDiff > THRESHOLDS.priceMismatchMajor) {
-      result.discrepancyType = 'major';
-      result.actionTaken = 'confirm_human';
-      result.discrepancyDetails.domVsVision = {
-        difference: priceDiff,
-        relativeDifference: Math.round(relativeDiff * 100) + '%',
-        message: `WARNING: Price mismatch detected. DOM: $${domPrice}, Visual: $${visionPrice}. ` +
-          `Requesting human confirmation before proceeding.`
-      };
-      result.checks.push({ check: 'dom_vs_vision', status: 'WARN', severity: 'major' });
-    } else if (relativeDiff > THRESHOLDS.priceMismatchMinor) {
-      result.discrepancyType = 'minor';
-      result.actionTaken = 'warn';
-      result.discrepancyDetails.domVsVision = {
-        difference: priceDiff,
-        message: `Minor price variance: DOM $${domPrice} vs Visual $${visionPrice}. May be rounding.`
-      };
-      result.checks.push({ check: 'dom_vs_vision', status: 'OK', severity: 'minor' });
-    } else {
-      result.checks.push({ check: 'dom_vs_vision', status: 'PASS', severity: 'none' });
-    }
-  }
-
-  // Check 2: Price sanity vs market benchmarks
-  const effectivePrice = domPrice || visionPrice;
-  if (effectivePrice !== null && category) {
-    const benchmark = db.prepare(`
-      SELECT * FROM price_benchmarks
-      WHERE category = ? AND item_pattern LIKE ?
-      ORDER BY sample_count DESC LIMIT 1
-    `).get(category, `%${(itemName || '').slice(0, 20)}%`);
-
-    if (benchmark) {
-      const ratio = effectivePrice / benchmark.avg_price;
-
-      if (ratio < THRESHOLDS.priceAnomalyLow) {
-        result.discrepancyType = result.discrepancyType === 'none' ? 'major' : result.discrepancyType;
-        result.actionTaken = result.actionTaken === 'none' ? 'confirm_human' : result.actionTaken;
-        result.discrepancyDetails.marketAnomaly = {
-          price: effectivePrice,
-          marketAvg: benchmark.avg_price,
-          ratio: Math.round(ratio * 100) / 100,
-          message: `Suspiciously low price ($${effectivePrice}) vs market average ($${benchmark.avg_price}). ` +
-            `Could be a scam, error, or genuine deal. Verify manually.`
-        };
-        result.checks.push({ check: 'market_benchmark', status: 'WARN', severity: 'major' });
-      } else if (ratio > THRESHOLDS.priceAnomalyHigh) {
-        result.discrepancyDetails.marketAnomaly = {
-          price: effectivePrice,
-          marketAvg: benchmark.avg_price,
-          ratio: Math.round(ratio * 100) / 100,
-          message: `Price ($${effectivePrice}) is ${Math.round(ratio)}x market average ($${benchmark.avg_price}).`
-        };
-        result.checks.push({ check: 'market_benchmark', status: 'WARN', severity: 'minor' });
-      } else {
-        result.checks.push({ check: 'market_benchmark', status: 'PASS', severity: 'none' });
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
-  // Check 3: Temporal consistency (compare with cached values)
-  if (effectivePrice !== null && url) {
-    const cached = db.prepare(`
-      SELECT * FROM verification_cache
-      WHERE site_id = ? AND url = ? AND field_name = 'price'
-      ORDER BY captured_at DESC LIMIT 1
-    `).get(siteId, url);
-
-    if (cached) {
-      const cachedPrice = extractPrice(cached.field_value);
-      if (cachedPrice !== null) {
-        const temporalDiff = Math.abs(effectivePrice - cachedPrice) / cachedPrice;
-        if (temporalDiff > 0.5) {
-          result.discrepancyDetails.temporalChange = {
-            currentPrice: effectivePrice,
-            previousPrice: cachedPrice,
-            previousDate: cached.captured_at,
-            changePct: Math.round(temporalDiff * 100) + '%',
-            message: `Price changed ${Math.round(temporalDiff * 100)}% since last check. ` +
-              `Was $${cachedPrice}, now $${effectivePrice}.`
-          };
-          result.checks.push({ check: 'temporal_consistency', status: 'WARN', severity: 'minor' });
-        } else {
-          result.checks.push({ check: 'temporal_consistency', status: 'PASS', severity: 'none' });
-        }
-      }
-    }
-
-    // Cache current value
-    const cacheId = crypto.randomBytes(12).toString('hex');
-    const cacheExpiry = new Date(Date.now() + 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000).toISOString();
-    const valueHash = crypto.createHash('sha256').update(String(effectivePrice)).digest('hex');
-    db.prepare(`
-      INSERT OR REPLACE INTO verification_cache
-      (id, site_id, url, field_name, field_value, value_hash, source, expires_at)
-      VALUES (?, ?, ?, 'price', ?, ?, 'dom', ?)
-    `).run(cacheId, siteId, url, String(effectivePrice), valueHash, cacheExpiry);
-  }
-
-  // Persist result
-  db.prepare(`
-    INSERT INTO verification_results
-    (id, site_id, agent_id, url, verification_type, dom_value, vision_value,
-     match_score, discrepancy_type, discrepancy_details, action_taken)
-    VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, 'price', ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
-  `).run(
-    id, siteId, agentId || null, url || null,
-    domValue, visionValue,
-    Math.round(result.matchScore * 1000) / 1000,
-    result.discrepancyType,
-    JSON.stringify(result.discrepancyDetails),
-    result.actionTaken
-  );
-
-  return result;
-}
-
-// ─── Text Verification ───────────────────────────────────────────────
-
-function verifyText({ siteId, agentId, url, domValue, visionValue, fieldName }) {
-  const id = crypto.randomBytes(12).toString('hex');
-
-  const similarity = textSimilarity(domValue, visionValue);
-
-  let discrepancyType = 'none';
-  let actionTaken = 'none';
-  let message = '';
-
-  if (similarity < THRESHOLDS.textSimilarityWarn) {
-    discrepancyType = 'major';
-    actionTaken = 'confirm_human';
-    message = `Text mismatch: DOM reads "${domValue}" but visual shows "${visionValue}" ` +
-      `(${Math.round(similarity * 100)}% match). Human confirmation required.`;
-  } else if (similarity < THRESHOLDS.textSimilarityOk) {
-    discrepancyType = 'minor';
-    actionTaken = 'warn';
-    message = `Slight text variance: "${domValue}" vs "${visionValue}" ` +
-      `(${Math.round(similarity * 100)}% match).`;
-  }
-
-  db.prepare(`
-    INSERT INTO verification_results
-    (id, site_id, agent_id, url, verification_type, dom_value, vision_value,
-     match_score, discrepancy_type, discrepancy_details, action_taken)
-    VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, 'text', ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
-  `).run(
-    id, siteId, agentId || null, url || null,
-    domValue, visionValue,
-    Math.round(similarity * 1000) / 1000,
-    discrepancyType,
-    JSON.stringify({ message, similarity }),
-    actionTaken
-  );
-
-  return {
-    id,
-    matchScore: Math.round(similarity * 100),
-    discrepancyType,
-    actionTaken,
-    message: message || 'Text verified successfully.',
-    verified: discrepancyType === 'none'
-  };
-}
-
-// ─── Full Page Verification ──────────────────────────────────────────
-
-function verifyPage({ siteId, agentId, url, domData, visionData }) {
-  const results = { checks: [], overallScore: 100, actionRequired: 'none', details: [] };
-
-  // Verify prices
-  if (domData.prices && visionData.prices) {
-    for (let i = 0; i < Math.min(domData.prices.length, visionData.prices.length); i++) {
-      const priceCheck = verifyPrice({
-        siteId, agentId, url,
-        domValue: domData.prices[i],
-        visionValue: visionData.prices[i],
-        category: domData.category,
-        itemName: domData.itemNames?.[i]
-      });
-      results.checks.push(priceCheck);
-      if (priceCheck.discrepancyType !== 'none') {
-        results.overallScore -= priceCheck.discrepancyType === 'critical' ? 40 : priceCheck.discrepancyType === 'major' ? 20 : 5;
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
-  // Verify key text elements
-  if (domData.texts && visionData.texts) {
-    for (let i = 0; i < Math.min(domData.texts.length, visionData.texts.length); i++) {
-      const textCheck = verifyText({
-        siteId, agentId, url,
-        domValue: domData.texts[i],
-        visionValue: visionData.texts[i],
-        fieldName: `text_${i}`
-      });
-      results.checks.push(textCheck);
-      if (!textCheck.verified) results.overallScore -= 10;
-    }
-  }
-
-  results.overallScore = Math.max(0, results.overallScore);
-
-  if (results.overallScore < 30) results.actionRequired = 'block';
-  else if (results.overallScore < 60) results.actionRequired = 'confirm_human';
-  else if (results.overallScore < 80) results.actionRequired = 'warn';
-
-  return results;
-}
-
-// ─── Market Benchmark Management ─────────────────────────────────────
-
-function updateBenchmark(category, itemPattern, price) {
-  const existing = db.prepare(`
-    SELECT * FROM price_benchmarks WHERE category = ? AND item_pattern = ?
-  `).get(category, itemPattern);
-
-  if (existing) {
-    const newCount = existing.sample_count + 1;
-    const newAvg = (existing.avg_price * existing.sample_count + price) / newCount;
-    const newMin = Math.min(existing.min_price, price);
-    const newMax = Math.max(existing.max_price, price);
-
-    db.prepare(`
-      UPDATE price_benchmarks
-      SET avg_price = ?, min_price = ?, max_price = ?,
-          sample_count = ?, last_updated = datetime('now')
-      WHERE id = ?
-    `).run(newAvg, newMin, newMax, newCount, existing.id);
-  } else {
-    const id = crypto.randomBytes(12).toString('hex');
-    db.prepare(`
-      INSERT INTO price_benchmarks (id, category, item_pattern, avg_price, min_price, max_price, sample_count)
-      VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, 1)
-    `).run(id, category, itemPattern, price, price, price);
-  }
-}
-
-// ─── Human Confirmation ──────────────────────────────────────────────
-
-function confirmVerification(verificationId, humanApproved) {
-  db.prepare(`
-    UPDATE verification_results
-    SET human_confirmed = ?, action_taken = CASE WHEN ? = 1 THEN 'none' ELSE 'block' END
-    WHERE id = ?
-  `).run(humanApproved ? 1 : 0, humanApproved ? 1 : 0, verificationId);
-
-  return { confirmed: true, approved: humanApproved };
-}
-
-// ─── Shield Stats ────────────────────────────────────────────────────
-
-function getShieldStats(siteId) {
-  const stats = db.prepare(`
-    SELECT
-      COUNT(*) as total_checks,
-      SUM(CASE WHEN discrepancy_type = 'none' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) as passed,
-      SUM(CASE WHEN discrepancy_type = 'minor' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) as minor_issues,
-      SUM(CASE WHEN discrepancy_type = 'major' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) as major_issues,
-      SUM(CASE WHEN discrepancy_type = 'critical' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) as critical_issues,
-      SUM(CASE WHEN discrepancy_type = 'fraud_suspected' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) as fraud_suspected,
-      SUM(CASE WHEN action_taken = 'halt' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) as halted_operations,
-      SUM(CASE WHEN action_taken = 'block' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) as blocked_operations,
-      AVG(match_score) as avg_match_score
-    FROM verification_results
-    WHERE site_id = ?
-  `).get(siteId);
-
-  return {
-    ...stats,
-    avg_match_score: stats.avg_match_score ? Math.round(stats.avg_match_score * 100) : 100,
-    integrity_rating: stats.total_checks > 0
-      ? Math.round((stats.passed / stats.total_checks) * 100)
-      : 100
-  };
-}
-
-function getGlobalShieldStats() {
-  return db.prepare(`
-    SELECT
-      COUNT(*) as total_checks,
-      SUM(CASE WHEN discrepancy_type = 'none' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) as passed,
-      SUM(CASE WHEN action_taken = 'halt' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) as threats_blocked,
-      SUM(CASE WHEN action_taken = 'confirm_human' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) as human_reviews,
-      COUNT(DISTINCT site_id) as sites_verified
-    FROM verification_results
-  `).get();
-}
-
-// ─── Cleanup ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
-
-function cleanupExpiredCache() {
-  return db.prepare("DELETE FROM verification_cache WHERE expires_at < datetime('now')").run();
-}
-
-module.exports = {
-  verifyPrice,
-  verifyText,
-  verifyPage,
-  updateBenchmark,
-  confirmVerification,
-  getShieldStats,
-  getGlobalShieldStats,
-  cleanupExpiredCache,
-  extractPrice,
-  textSimilarity
-};
+/**
+ * Anti-Hallucination Shield (Cross-Verification Engine)
+ * ════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
+ * Prevents AI agent "hallucinations" by cross-verifying data read from
+ * the DOM against visual analysis (screenshots). If the agent reads a
+ * price as "$10" but the screenshot shows "$100", the shield catches the
+ * discrepancy and halts execution, requesting human confirmation.
+ *
+ * Verification layers:
+ *  1. DOM vs Vision: Compare text extracted from DOM with OCR/vision output
+ *  2. Price Sanity: Flag unrealistically low prices vs market averages
+ *  3. Temporal Consistency: Compare with previously cached values
+ *  4. Multi-Source: Cross-check across multiple page elements
+ */
+
+const { db } = require('../models/db');
+const crypto = require('crypto');
+
+// ─── Schema ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+db.exec(`
+  CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS verification_results (
+    id TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
+    site_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+    agent_id TEXT,
+    url TEXT,
+    verification_type TEXT NOT NULL CHECK(verification_type IN (
+      'price','text','element_presence','form_data','navigation','action_result'
+    )),
+    dom_value TEXT,
+    vision_value TEXT,
+    cached_value TEXT,
+    match_score REAL DEFAULT 0,
+    discrepancy_type TEXT CHECK(discrepancy_type IN (
+      'none','minor','major','critical','fraud_suspected'
+    )),
+    discrepancy_details TEXT DEFAULT '{}',
+    action_taken TEXT DEFAULT 'none' CHECK(action_taken IN (
+      'none','warn','halt','confirm_human','auto_correct','block'
+    )),
+    human_confirmed INTEGER DEFAULT 0,
+    created_at TEXT DEFAULT (datetime('now'))
+  );
+
+  CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS price_benchmarks (
+    id TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
+    category TEXT NOT NULL,
+    item_pattern TEXT NOT NULL,
+    avg_price REAL NOT NULL,
+    min_price REAL NOT NULL,
+    max_price REAL NOT NULL,
+    currency TEXT DEFAULT 'USD',
+    sample_count INTEGER DEFAULT 1,
+    last_updated TEXT DEFAULT (datetime('now'))
+  );
+
+  CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS verification_cache (
+    id TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
+    site_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+    url TEXT NOT NULL,
+    field_name TEXT NOT NULL,
+    field_value TEXT NOT NULL,
+    value_hash TEXT NOT NULL,
+    source TEXT DEFAULT 'dom' CHECK(source IN ('dom','vision','agent')),
+    captured_at TEXT DEFAULT (datetime('now')),
+    expires_at TEXT
+  );
+
+  CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_verif_results_site ON verification_results(site_id);
+  CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_verif_results_type ON verification_results(discrepancy_type);
+  CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_verif_cache_site ON verification_cache(site_id);
+  CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_verif_cache_url ON verification_cache(url);
+  CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_price_bench_cat ON price_benchmarks(category);
+`);
+
+// ─── Constants ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+const THRESHOLDS = {
+  priceMismatchMinor: 0.05,    // 5% difference
+  priceMismatchMajor: 0.15,    // 15%
+  priceMismatchCritical: 0.50, // 50%
+  priceAnomalyLow: 0.3,       // 70% below market average
+  priceAnomalyHigh: 3.0,      // 300% above market average
+  textSimilarityOk: 0.85,     // 85% text match is acceptable
+  textSimilarityWarn: 0.60,   // Below 60% is a warning
+};
+
+// ─── Text Similarity (Levenshtein-based) ─────────────────────────────
+
+function levenshteinDistance(a, b) {
+  const m = a.length, n = b.length;
+  const dp = Array.from({ length: m + 1 }, () => Array(n + 1).fill(0));
+  for (let i = 0; i <= m; i++) dp[i][0] = i;
+  for (let j = 0; j <= n; j++) dp[0][j] = j;
+  for (let i = 1; i <= m; i++) {
+    for (let j = 1; j <= n; j++) {
+      dp[i][j] = a[i - 1] === b[j - 1]
+        ? dp[i - 1][j - 1]
+        : 1 + Math.min(dp[i - 1][j], dp[i][j - 1], dp[i - 1][j - 1]);
+    }
+  }
+  return dp[m][n];
+}
+
+function textSimilarity(a, b) {
+  if (!a || !b) return 0;
+  const cleanA = a.toString().trim().toLowerCase();
+  const cleanB = b.toString().trim().toLowerCase();
+  if (cleanA === cleanB) return 1.0;
+  const maxLen = Math.max(cleanA.length, cleanB.length);
+  if (maxLen === 0) return 1.0;
+  return 1 - levenshteinDistance(cleanA, cleanB) / maxLen;
+}
+
+// ─── Price Extraction ────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+function extractPrice(text) {
+  if (typeof text !== 'string') return null;
+  // Match common price formats: $100, $1,000.00, 100.00$, EUR 50, etc.
+  const patterns = [
+    /[\$€£¥]\s*([\d,]+\.?\d*)/,
+    /([\d,]+\.?\d*)\s*[\$€£¥]/,
+    /(?:USD|EUR|GBP|SAR|AED)\s*([\d,]+\.?\d*)/i,
+    /([\d,]+\.?\d*)\s*(?:USD|EUR|GBP|SAR|AED)/i,
+  ];
+
+  for (const pattern of patterns) {
+    const match = text.match(pattern);
+    if (match) {
+      return parseFloat(match[1].replace(/,/g, ''));
+    }
+  }
+  return null;
+}
+
+// ─── Core Verification ───────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+function verifyPrice({ siteId, agentId, url, domValue, visionValue, category, itemName }) {
+  const id = crypto.randomBytes(12).toString('hex');
+
+  const domPrice = extractPrice(domValue);
+  const visionPrice = extractPrice(visionValue);
+
+  const result = {
+    id,
+    siteId,
+    verificationType: 'price',
+    domValue,
+    visionValue,
+    domPrice,
+    visionPrice,
+    matchScore: 1.0,
+    discrepancyType: 'none',
+    discrepancyDetails: {},
+    actionTaken: 'none',
+    checks: []
+  };
+
+  // Check 1: DOM vs Vision price match
+  if (domPrice !== null && visionPrice !== null) {
+    const priceDiff = Math.abs(domPrice - visionPrice);
+    const relativeDiff = domPrice > 0 ? priceDiff / domPrice : 0;
+
+    result.matchScore = 1 - relativeDiff;
+
+    if (relativeDiff > THRESHOLDS.priceMismatchCritical) {
+      result.discrepancyType = 'critical';
+      result.actionTaken = 'halt';
+      result.discrepancyDetails.domVsVision = {
+        difference: priceDiff,
+        relativeDifference: Math.round(relativeDiff * 100) + '%',
+        message: `CRITICAL: DOM shows $${domPrice} but visual shows $${visionPrice}. ` +
+          `Possible deceptive pricing or site error. Operation halted.`
+      };
+      result.checks.push({ check: 'dom_vs_vision', status: 'FAIL', severity: 'critical' });
+    } else if (relativeDiff > THRESHOLDS.priceMismatchMajor) {
+      result.discrepancyType = 'major';
+      result.actionTaken = 'confirm_human';
+      result.discrepancyDetails.domVsVision = {
+        difference: priceDiff,
+        relativeDifference: Math.round(relativeDiff * 100) + '%',
+        message: `WARNING: Price mismatch detected. DOM: $${domPrice}, Visual: $${visionPrice}. ` +
+          `Requesting human confirmation before proceeding.`
+      };
+      result.checks.push({ check: 'dom_vs_vision', status: 'WARN', severity: 'major' });
+    } else if (relativeDiff > THRESHOLDS.priceMismatchMinor) {
+      result.discrepancyType = 'minor';
+      result.actionTaken = 'warn';
+      result.discrepancyDetails.domVsVision = {
+        difference: priceDiff,
+        message: `Minor price variance: DOM $${domPrice} vs Visual $${visionPrice}. May be rounding.`
+      };
+      result.checks.push({ check: 'dom_vs_vision', status: 'OK', severity: 'minor' });
+    } else {
+      result.checks.push({ check: 'dom_vs_vision', status: 'PASS', severity: 'none' });
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Check 2: Price sanity vs market benchmarks
+  const effectivePrice = domPrice || visionPrice;
+  if (effectivePrice !== null && category) {
+    const benchmark = db.prepare(`
+      SELECT * FROM price_benchmarks
+      WHERE category = ? AND item_pattern LIKE ?
+      ORDER BY sample_count DESC LIMIT 1
+    `).get(category, `%${(itemName || '').slice(0, 20)}%`);
+
+    if (benchmark) {
+      const ratio = effectivePrice / benchmark.avg_price;
+
+      if (ratio < THRESHOLDS.priceAnomalyLow) {
+        result.discrepancyType = result.discrepancyType === 'none' ? 'major' : result.discrepancyType;
+        result.actionTaken = result.actionTaken === 'none' ? 'confirm_human' : result.actionTaken;
+        result.discrepancyDetails.marketAnomaly = {
+          price: effectivePrice,
+          marketAvg: benchmark.avg_price,
+          ratio: Math.round(ratio * 100) / 100,
+          message: `Suspiciously low price ($${effectivePrice}) vs market average ($${benchmark.avg_price}). ` +
+            `Could be a scam, error, or genuine deal. Verify manually.`
+        };
+        result.checks.push({ check: 'market_benchmark', status: 'WARN', severity: 'major' });
+      } else if (ratio > THRESHOLDS.priceAnomalyHigh) {
+        result.discrepancyDetails.marketAnomaly = {
+          price: effectivePrice,
+          marketAvg: benchmark.avg_price,
+          ratio: Math.round(ratio * 100) / 100,
+          message: `Price ($${effectivePrice}) is ${Math.round(ratio)}x market average ($${benchmark.avg_price}).`
+        };
+        result.checks.push({ check: 'market_benchmark', status: 'WARN', severity: 'minor' });
+      } else {
+        result.checks.push({ check: 'market_benchmark', status: 'PASS', severity: 'none' });
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Check 3: Temporal consistency (compare with cached values)
+  if (effectivePrice !== null && url) {
+    const cached = db.prepare(`
+      SELECT * FROM verification_cache
+      WHERE site_id = ? AND url = ? AND field_name = 'price'
+      ORDER BY captured_at DESC LIMIT 1
+    `).get(siteId, url);
+
+    if (cached) {
+      const cachedPrice = extractPrice(cached.field_value);
+      if (cachedPrice !== null) {
+        const temporalDiff = Math.abs(effectivePrice - cachedPrice) / cachedPrice;
+        if (temporalDiff > 0.5) {
+          result.discrepancyDetails.temporalChange = {
+            currentPrice: effectivePrice,
+            previousPrice: cachedPrice,
+            previousDate: cached.captured_at,
+            changePct: Math.round(temporalDiff * 100) + '%',
+            message: `Price changed ${Math.round(temporalDiff * 100)}% since last check. ` +
+              `Was $${cachedPrice}, now $${effectivePrice}.`
+          };
+          result.checks.push({ check: 'temporal_consistency', status: 'WARN', severity: 'minor' });
+        } else {
+          result.checks.push({ check: 'temporal_consistency', status: 'PASS', severity: 'none' });
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    // Cache current value
+    const cacheId = crypto.randomBytes(12).toString('hex');
+    const cacheExpiry = new Date(Date.now() + 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000).toISOString();
+    const valueHash = crypto.createHash('sha256').update(String(effectivePrice)).digest('hex');
+    db.prepare(`
+      INSERT OR REPLACE INTO verification_cache
+      (id, site_id, url, field_name, field_value, value_hash, source, expires_at)
+      VALUES (?, ?, ?, 'price', ?, ?, 'dom', ?)
+    `).run(cacheId, siteId, url, String(effectivePrice), valueHash, cacheExpiry);
+  }
+
+  // Persist result
+  db.prepare(`
+    INSERT INTO verification_results
+    (id, site_id, agent_id, url, verification_type, dom_value, vision_value,
+     match_score, discrepancy_type, discrepancy_details, action_taken)
+    VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, 'price', ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
+  `).run(
+    id, siteId, agentId || null, url || null,
+    domValue, visionValue,
+    Math.round(result.matchScore * 1000) / 1000,
+    result.discrepancyType,
+    JSON.stringify(result.discrepancyDetails),
+    result.actionTaken
+  );
+
+  return result;
+}
+
+// ─── Text Verification ───────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+function verifyText({ siteId, agentId, url, domValue, visionValue, fieldName }) {
+  const id = crypto.randomBytes(12).toString('hex');
+
+  const similarity = textSimilarity(domValue, visionValue);
+
+  let discrepancyType = 'none';
+  let actionTaken = 'none';
+  let message = '';
+
+  if (similarity < THRESHOLDS.textSimilarityWarn) {
+    discrepancyType = 'major';
+    actionTaken = 'confirm_human';
+    message = `Text mismatch: DOM reads "${domValue}" but visual shows "${visionValue}" ` +
+      `(${Math.round(similarity * 100)}% match). Human confirmation required.`;
+  } else if (similarity < THRESHOLDS.textSimilarityOk) {
+    discrepancyType = 'minor';
+    actionTaken = 'warn';
+    message = `Slight text variance: "${domValue}" vs "${visionValue}" ` +
+      `(${Math.round(similarity * 100)}% match).`;
+  }
+
+  db.prepare(`
+    INSERT INTO verification_results
+    (id, site_id, agent_id, url, verification_type, dom_value, vision_value,
+     match_score, discrepancy_type, discrepancy_details, action_taken)
+    VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, 'text', ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
+  `).run(
+    id, siteId, agentId || null, url || null,
+    domValue, visionValue,
+    Math.round(similarity * 1000) / 1000,
+    discrepancyType,
+    JSON.stringify({ message, similarity }),
+    actionTaken
+  );
+
+  return {
+    id,
+    matchScore: Math.round(similarity * 100),
+    discrepancyType,
+    actionTaken,
+    message: message || 'Text verified successfully.',
+    verified: discrepancyType === 'none'
+  };
+}
+
+// ─── Full Page Verification ──────────────────────────────────────────
+
+function verifyPage({ siteId, agentId, url, domData, visionData }) {
+  const results = { checks: [], overallScore: 100, actionRequired: 'none', details: [] };
+
+  // Verify prices
+  if (domData.prices && visionData.prices) {
+    for (let i = 0; i < Math.min(domData.prices.length, visionData.prices.length); i++) {
+      const priceCheck = verifyPrice({
+        siteId, agentId, url,
+        domValue: domData.prices[i],
+        visionValue: visionData.prices[i],
+        category: domData.category,
+        itemName: domData.itemNames?.[i]
+      });
+      results.checks.push(priceCheck);
+      if (priceCheck.discrepancyType !== 'none') {
+        results.overallScore -= priceCheck.discrepancyType === 'critical' ? 40 : priceCheck.discrepancyType === 'major' ? 20 : 5;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Verify key text elements
+  if (domData.texts && visionData.texts) {
+    for (let i = 0; i < Math.min(domData.texts.length, visionData.texts.length); i++) {
+      const textCheck = verifyText({
+        siteId, agentId, url,
+        domValue: domData.texts[i],
+        visionValue: visionData.texts[i],
+        fieldName: `text_${i}`
+      });
+      results.checks.push(textCheck);
+      if (!textCheck.verified) results.overallScore -= 10;
+    }
+  }
+
+  results.overallScore = Math.max(0, results.overallScore);
+
+  if (results.overallScore < 30) results.actionRequired = 'block';
+  else if (results.overallScore < 60) results.actionRequired = 'confirm_human';
+  else if (results.overallScore < 80) results.actionRequired = 'warn';
+
+  return results;
+}
+
+// ─── Market Benchmark Management ─────────────────────────────────────
+
+function updateBenchmark(category, itemPattern, price) {
+  const existing = db.prepare(`
+    SELECT * FROM price_benchmarks WHERE category = ? AND item_pattern = ?
+  `).get(category, itemPattern);
+
+  if (existing) {
+    const newCount = existing.sample_count + 1;
+    const newAvg = (existing.avg_price * existing.sample_count + price) / newCount;
+    const newMin = Math.min(existing.min_price, price);
+    const newMax = Math.max(existing.max_price, price);
+
+    db.prepare(`
+      UPDATE price_benchmarks
+      SET avg_price = ?, min_price = ?, max_price = ?,
+          sample_count = ?, last_updated = datetime('now')
+      WHERE id = ?
+    `).run(newAvg, newMin, newMax, newCount, existing.id);
+  } else {
+    const id = crypto.randomBytes(12).toString('hex');
+    db.prepare(`
+      INSERT INTO price_benchmarks (id, category, item_pattern, avg_price, min_price, max_price, sample_count)
+      VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, 1)
+    `).run(id, category, itemPattern, price, price, price);
+  }
+}
+
+// ─── Human Confirmation ──────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+function confirmVerification(verificationId, humanApproved) {
+  db.prepare(`
+    UPDATE verification_results
+    SET human_confirmed = ?, action_taken = CASE WHEN ? = 1 THEN 'none' ELSE 'block' END
+    WHERE id = ?
+  `).run(humanApproved ? 1 : 0, humanApproved ? 1 : 0, verificationId);
+
+  return { confirmed: true, approved: humanApproved };
+}
+
+// ─── Shield Stats ────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+function getShieldStats(siteId) {
+  const stats = db.prepare(`
+    SELECT
+      COUNT(*) as total_checks,
+      SUM(CASE WHEN discrepancy_type = 'none' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) as passed,
+      SUM(CASE WHEN discrepancy_type = 'minor' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) as minor_issues,
+      SUM(CASE WHEN discrepancy_type = 'major' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) as major_issues,
+      SUM(CASE WHEN discrepancy_type = 'critical' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) as critical_issues,
+      SUM(CASE WHEN discrepancy_type = 'fraud_suspected' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) as fraud_suspected,
+      SUM(CASE WHEN action_taken = 'halt' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) as halted_operations,
+      SUM(CASE WHEN action_taken = 'block' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) as blocked_operations,
+      AVG(match_score) as avg_match_score
+    FROM verification_results
+    WHERE site_id = ?
+  `).get(siteId);
+
+  return {
+    ...stats,
+    avg_match_score: stats.avg_match_score ? Math.round(stats.avg_match_score * 100) : 100,
+    integrity_rating: stats.total_checks > 0
+      ? Math.round((stats.passed / stats.total_checks) * 100)
+      : 100
+  };
+}
+
+function getGlobalShieldStats() {
+  return db.prepare(`
+    SELECT
+      COUNT(*) as total_checks,
+      SUM(CASE WHEN discrepancy_type = 'none' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) as passed,
+      SUM(CASE WHEN action_taken = 'halt' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) as threats_blocked,
+      SUM(CASE WHEN action_taken = 'confirm_human' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) as human_reviews,
+      COUNT(DISTINCT site_id) as sites_verified
+    FROM verification_results
+  `).get();
+}
+
+// ─── Cleanup ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+function cleanupExpiredCache() {
+  return db.prepare("DELETE FROM verification_cache WHERE expires_at < datetime('now')").run();
+}
+
+module.exports = {
+  verifyPrice,
+  verifyText,
+  verifyPage,
+  updateBenchmark,
+  confirmVerification,
+  getShieldStats,
+  getGlobalShieldStats,
+  cleanupExpiredCache,
+  extractPrice,
+  textSimilarity
+};