web-a2e 1.0.0

package/src/core/video/video.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
+/*
+ * video.hpp - Video output generation
+ *
+ * Written by
+ *  Mike Daley <michael_daley@icloud.com>
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "../mmu/mmu.hpp"
+#include "../types.hpp"
+#include <array>
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <functional>
+
+namespace a2e {
+
+class Video {
+public:
+  using CycleCallback = std::function<uint64_t()>;
+
+  Video(MMU &mmu);
+
+  // Render a complete frame to the framebuffer
+  void renderFrame();
+
+  // Force a full frame render from current memory using current video switch
+  // state, independent of beam position or CPU cycle count. Useful for
+  // debugger screen refresh after stepping.
+  void forceRenderFrame();
+
+  // Progressive rendering: render all scanlines up to the current CPU cycle
+  void renderUpToCycle(uint64_t currentCycle);
+
+  // Get the framebuffer (RGBA, 560x384)
+  const uint8_t *getFramebuffer() const { return framebuffer_.data(); }
+  uint8_t *getFramebuffer() { return framebuffer_.data(); }
+
+  // Framebuffer size
+  static constexpr size_t getFramebufferSize() { return FRAMEBUFFER_SIZE; }
+
+  // Frame dirty flag
+  bool isFrameDirty() const { return frameDirty_; }
+  void clearFrameDirty() { frameDirty_ = false; }
+  void setFrameDirty() { frameDirty_ = true; }
+
+  // Display mode info
+  VideoMode getCurrentMode() const;
+
+  // Color settings
+  void setMonochrome(bool mono) { monochrome_ = mono; }
+  bool isMonochrome() const { return monochrome_; }
+
+  void setGreenPhosphor(bool green) { greenPhosphor_ = green; }
+  bool isGreenPhosphor() const { return greenPhosphor_; }
+
+  // UK character set (like the physical switch on UK Apple IIe)
+  void setUKCharacterSet(bool uk) { ukCharSet_ = uk; }
+  bool isUKCharacterSet() const { return ukCharSet_; }
+
+  // Cycle callback for determining current position within frame
+  void setCycleCallback(CycleCallback cb) { cycleCallback_ = std::move(cb); }
+
+  // Called by MMU callback when a video-relevant soft switch changes
+  void onVideoSwitchChanged();
+
+  // Called at frame boundaries to reset the change log and snapshot state
+  void beginNewFrame(uint64_t cycleStart);
+
+private:
+  // Per-scanline segment rendering (column range within a single scanline)
+  // startCol/endCol are byte positions 0-40 (one per CPU cycle in visible area)
+  void renderText40Scanline(int scanline, int startCol, int endCol, const VideoSwitchState& vs);
+  void renderText80Scanline(int scanline, int startCol, int endCol, const VideoSwitchState& vs);
+  void renderLoResScanline(int scanline, int startCol, int endCol, const VideoSwitchState& vs);
+  void renderHiResScanline(int scanline, int startCol, int endCol, const VideoSwitchState& vs);
+  void renderDoubleLoResScanline(int scanline, int startCol, int endCol, const VideoSwitchState& vs);
+  void renderDoubleHiResScanline(int scanline, int startCol, int endCol, const VideoSwitchState& vs);
+
+  // Dispatch a scanline segment to the correct mode renderer, handling mixed mode
+  void renderScanlineSegment(int scanline, int startCol, int endCol, const VideoSwitchState& vs);
+
+  // Render a single scanline using the switch change log (progressive rendering)
+  void renderScanlineWithChanges(int scanline);
+
+  // Character rendering — single character row (1 ROM line → 2 framebuffer rows)
+  void renderCharacterLine(int col, int textRow, int charLine,
+                           uint8_t ch, bool inverse, bool flash,
+                           const VideoSwitchState& vs, bool is80col);
+
+  // Character ROM offset helper (shared between 40-col and 80-col paths)
+  struct CharROMInfo {
+    uint16_t romOffset;
+    bool needsXor;
+    bool inverse;
+  };
+  CharROMInfo getCharROMInfo(uint8_t ch, bool inverse, bool flash,
+                             const VideoSwitchState& vs) const;
+
+  // Capture current video switch state from MMU
+  VideoSwitchState captureVideoState() const;
+
+  // Pixel helpers
+  void setPixel(int x, int y, uint32_t color);
+
+  // Color helpers
+  uint32_t getLoResColor(uint8_t colorIndex) const;
+  uint32_t getMonochromeColor(bool on) const;
+
+  // Text screen address calculation
+  uint16_t getTextAddress(int row, int col) const;
+  uint16_t getHiResAddress(int row, int col) const;
+
+  // Reference to MMU for memory access
+  MMU &mmu_;
+
+  // Framebuffer (RGBA, 560x384)
+  std::array<uint8_t, FRAMEBUFFER_SIZE> framebuffer_{};
+
+  // Frame state
+  bool frameDirty_ = true;
+
+  // Flash state (toggles every ~16 frames)
+  int flashCounter_ = 0;
+  bool flashState_ = false;
+  static constexpr int FLASH_RATE = 16;
+
+  // Display options
+  bool monochrome_ = false;
+  bool greenPhosphor_ = false;
+  bool ukCharSet_ = false;  // UK character set switch
+
+  // Cycle callback for position calculation
+  CycleCallback cycleCallback_;
+
+  // Per-scanline rendering: frame start cycle and switch change log
+  uint64_t frameStartCycle_ = 0;
+  VideoSwitchState frameStartState_{};
+
+  static constexpr int MAX_SWITCH_CHANGES = 1024;
+  std::array<VideoSwitchChange, MAX_SWITCH_CHANGES> switchChanges_;
+  int switchChangeCount_ = 0;
+
+  // Progressive per-scanline rendering state
+  int lastRenderedScanline_ = -1;   // -1 means no scanlines rendered yet this frame
+  int changeIdx_ = 0;               // Current position in switch change log
+  VideoSwitchState currentRenderState_{}; // Current video state for progressive rendering
+
+  // Lookup tables
+  static constexpr std::array<int, 24> TEXT_ROW_OFFSETS = {
+      {0x000, 0x080, 0x100, 0x180, 0x200, 0x280, 0x300, 0x380,
+       0x028, 0x0A8, 0x128, 0x1A8, 0x228, 0x2A8, 0x328, 0x3A8,
+       0x050, 0x0D0, 0x150, 0x1D0, 0x250, 0x2D0, 0x350, 0x3D0}};
+};
+
+} // namespace a2e