viruagent-cli 0.4.2 → 0.5.1

package/src/providers/insta/index.js

@@ -52,8 +52,8 @@ const createInstaProvider = ({ sessionPath }) => {
 
       if (!resolved.username || !resolved.password) {
         throw new Error(
-          '인스타그램 로그인에 username/password가 필요합니다. ' +
-          '환경변수 INSTA_USERNAME / INSTA_PASSWORD를 설정해 주세요.',
+          'Instagram login requires username/password. ' +
+          'Please set the INSTA_USERNAME / INSTA_PASSWORD environment variables.',
         );
       }
 
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ const createInstaProvider = ({ sessionPath }) => {
     async getProfile({ username } = {}) {
       return withProviderSession(async () => {
         if (!username) {
-          throw new Error('username이 필요합니다.');
+          throw new Error('username is required.');
         }
         const profile = await instaApi.getProfile(username);
         return {
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ const createInstaProvider = ({ sessionPath }) => {
     async listPosts({ username, limit = 12 } = {}) {
       return withProviderSession(async () => {
         if (!username) {
-          throw new Error('username이 필요합니다.');
+          throw new Error('username is required.');
         }
         const posts = await instaApi.getUserPosts(username, limit);
         return {
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ const createInstaProvider = ({ sessionPath }) => {
             provider: 'insta',
             mode: 'post',
             status: 'invalid_post_id',
-            message: 'postId(shortcode)가 필요합니다.',
+            message: 'postId (shortcode) is required.',
           };
         }
         const post = await instaApi.getPostDetail(shortcode);
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ const createInstaProvider = ({ sessionPath }) => {
 
     async follow({ username } = {}) {
       return withProviderSession(async () => {
-        if (!username) throw new Error('username이 필요합니다.');
+        if (!username) throw new Error('username is required.');
         const profile = await instaApi.getProfile(username);
         const result = await instaApi.followUser(profile.id);
         return {
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ const createInstaProvider = ({ sessionPath }) => {
 
     async unfollow({ username } = {}) {
       return withProviderSession(async () => {
-        if (!username) throw new Error('username이 필요합니다.');
+        if (!username) throw new Error('username is required.');
         const profile = await instaApi.getProfile(username);
         const result = await instaApi.unfollowUser(profile.id);
         return {
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ const createInstaProvider = ({ sessionPath }) => {
     async like({ postId } = {}) {
       return withProviderSession(async () => {
         const shortcode = String(postId || '').trim();
-        if (!shortcode) throw new Error('postId(shortcode)가 필요합니다.');
+        if (!shortcode) throw new Error('postId (shortcode) is required.');
         const mediaId = await instaApi.getMediaIdFromShortcode(shortcode);
         const result = await instaApi.likePost(mediaId);
         return { provider: 'insta', mode: 'like', postId: shortcode, status: result.status };
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ const createInstaProvider = ({ sessionPath }) => {
     async unlike({ postId } = {}) {
       return withProviderSession(async () => {
         const shortcode = String(postId || '').trim();
-        if (!shortcode) throw new Error('postId(shortcode)가 필요합니다.');
+        if (!shortcode) throw new Error('postId (shortcode) is required.');
         const mediaId = await instaApi.getMediaIdFromShortcode(shortcode);
         const result = await instaApi.unlikePost(mediaId);
         return { provider: 'insta', mode: 'unlike', postId: shortcode, status: result.status };
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ const createInstaProvider = ({ sessionPath }) => {
 
     async likeComment({ commentId } = {}) {
       return withProviderSession(async () => {
-        if (!commentId) throw new Error('commentId가 필요합니다.');
+        if (!commentId) throw new Error('commentId is required.');
         const result = await instaApi.likeComment(commentId);
         return { provider: 'insta', mode: 'likeComment', commentId, status: result.status };
       });
@@ -195,7 +195,7 @@ const createInstaProvider = ({ sessionPath }) => {
 
     async unlikeComment({ commentId } = {}) {
       return withProviderSession(async () => {
-        if (!commentId) throw new Error('commentId가 필요합니다.');
+        if (!commentId) throw new Error('commentId is required.');
         const result = await instaApi.unlikeComment(commentId);
         return { provider: 'insta', mode: 'unlikeComment', commentId, status: result.status };
       });
@@ -206,10 +206,10 @@ const createInstaProvider = ({ sessionPath }) => {
         const shortcode = String(postId || '').trim();
         const commentText = String(text || '').trim();
         if (!shortcode) {
-          throw new Error('postId(shortcode)가 필요합니다.');
+          throw new Error('postId (shortcode) is required.');
         }
         if (!commentText) {
-          throw new Error('댓글 내용(text)이 필요합니다.');
+          throw new Error('Comment text is required.');
         }
         const mediaId = await instaApi.getMediaIdFromShortcode(shortcode);
         const result = await instaApi.addComment(mediaId, commentText);
@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@ const createInstaProvider = ({ sessionPath }) => {
     async publish({ imageUrl, imagePath, caption = '' } = {}) {
       return withProviderSession(async () => {
         if (!imageUrl && !imagePath) {
-          throw new Error('imageUrl 또는 imagePath가 필요합니다.');
+          throw new Error('Either imageUrl or imagePath is required.');
         }
         const result = await instaApi.publishPost({ imageUrl, imagePath, caption });
         return {
@@ -239,11 +239,209 @@ const createInstaProvider = ({ sessionPath }) => {
       });
     },
 
+    async sendDm({ username, threadId, text } = {}) {
+      const target = String(username || '').trim();
+      const tid = String(threadId || '').trim();
+      const msg = String(text || '').trim();
+      if (!target && !tid) throw new Error('username or threadId is required.');
+      if (!msg) throw new Error('text is required.');
+
+      const { chromium } = require('playwright');
+      const path = require('path');
+      const userDataDir = path.join(path.dirname(sessionPath), '..', 'browser-data', 'insta');
+      const fs = require('fs');
+      if (!fs.existsSync(userDataDir)) fs.mkdirSync(userDataDir, { recursive: true });
+
+      // Determine DM URL
+      let dmUrl;
+      if (tid) {
+        dmUrl = `https://www.instagram.com/direct/t/${tid}/`;
+      } else {
+        dmUrl = `https://www.instagram.com/direct/new/`;
+      }
+
+      const context = await chromium.launchPersistentContext(userDataDir, {
+        headless: true,
+        viewport: { width: 1280, height: 800 },
+      });
+
+      try {
+        const page = context.pages()[0] || await context.newPage();
+
+        if (!tid && target) {
+          // New DM: go to new message, search for user
+          await page.goto('https://www.instagram.com/direct/new/', { waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded' });
+          await page.waitForTimeout(3000);
+
+          // Search for recipient
+          const searchInput = page.locator('input[name="queryBox"]').or(page.getByPlaceholder(/검색|Search/i));
+          await searchInput.first().waitFor({ timeout: 10000 });
+          await searchInput.first().fill(target);
+          await page.waitForTimeout(2000);
+
+          // Click the user result
+          const userResult = page.locator(`text=${target}`).first();
+          await userResult.click();
+          await page.waitForTimeout(1000);
+
+          // Click chat/next button
+          const chatBtn = page.getByRole('button', { name: /채팅|Chat|다음|Next/i });
+          await chatBtn.first().click();
+          await page.waitForTimeout(2000);
+        } else {
+          await page.goto(dmUrl, { waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded' });
+          await page.waitForTimeout(3000);
+        }
+
+        // Dismiss popups
+        try {
+          const btn = page.getByRole('button', { name: /나중에|Not Now/i });
+          if (await btn.first().isVisible({ timeout: 2000 })) await btn.first().click();
+        } catch {}
+
+        // Send message
+        const input = page.locator('[role="textbox"]').first();
+        await input.waitFor({ timeout: 10000 });
+        await input.click();
+        await page.keyboard.type(msg);
+        await page.waitForTimeout(500);
+        await page.keyboard.press('Enter');
+        await page.waitForTimeout(3000);
+
+        return {
+          provider: 'insta',
+          mode: 'dm',
+          to: target || tid,
+          text: msg,
+          status: 'ok',
+        };
+      } finally {
+        await context.close();
+      }
+    },
+
+    async listMessages({ threadId } = {}) {
+      const tid = String(threadId || '').trim();
+      if (!tid) throw new Error('threadId is required.');
+
+      const { chromium } = require('playwright');
+      const path = require('path');
+      const fs = require('fs');
+      const userDataDir = path.join(path.dirname(sessionPath), '..', 'browser-data', 'insta');
+      if (!fs.existsSync(userDataDir)) fs.mkdirSync(userDataDir, { recursive: true });
+
+      const context = await chromium.launchPersistentContext(userDataDir, {
+        headless: true,
+        viewport: { width: 1280, height: 800 },
+      });
+
+      try {
+        const page = context.pages()[0] || await context.newPage();
+        await page.goto(`https://www.instagram.com/direct/t/${tid}/`, { waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded' });
+        await page.waitForTimeout(5000);
+
+        // Dismiss popups
+        try {
+          const btn = page.getByRole('button', { name: /나중에|Not Now/i });
+          if (await btn.first().isVisible({ timeout: 2000 })) await btn.first().click();
+        } catch {}
+        await page.waitForTimeout(1000);
+
+        // Extract messages from DOM
+        const messages = await page.evaluate(() => {
+          const result = [];
+          // Find message containers - Instagram uses div with role="row" or specific data attributes
+          const rows = document.querySelectorAll('div[role="row"]');
+          rows.forEach((row) => {
+            const textEl = row.querySelector('div[dir="auto"]');
+            if (!textEl) return;
+            const text = textEl.innerText?.trim();
+            if (!text) return;
+
+            // Determine if sent or received by checking position/style
+            const wrapper = row.closest('[class]');
+            const style = wrapper ? window.getComputedStyle(wrapper) : null;
+            const isSent = row.innerHTML.includes('rgb(99, 91, 255)') ||
+                           row.innerHTML.includes('#635BFF') ||
+                           row.querySelector('[style*="flex-end"]') !== null;
+
+            result.push({ text, isSent });
+          });
+          return result;
+        });
+
+        // If role="row" didn't work, try alternative extraction
+        if (messages.length === 0) {
+          const altMessages = await page.evaluate(() => {
+            const result = [];
+            const allDivs = document.querySelectorAll('div[dir="auto"]');
+            const seen = new Set();
+            allDivs.forEach((el) => {
+              const text = el.innerText?.trim();
+              if (!text || text.length > 500 || seen.has(text)) return;
+              // Skip UI elements
+              if (['메시지 입력...', '검색', 'Message...'].includes(text)) return;
+              if (el.closest('nav') || el.closest('header')) return;
+              seen.add(text);
+
+              // Check if element is in right-aligned (sent) bubble
+              const rect = el.getBoundingClientRect();
+              const isSent = rect.left > window.innerWidth / 2;
+
+              result.push({ text, isSent });
+            });
+            return result;
+          });
+          if (altMessages.length > 0) messages.push(...altMessages);
+        }
+
+        // Get thread participant name
+        const participant = await page.evaluate(() => {
+          const header = document.querySelector('header');
+          if (!header) return null;
+          const spans = header.querySelectorAll('span');
+          for (const s of spans) {
+            const t = s.innerText?.trim();
+            if (t && !['메시지', 'Direct', '뒤로'].includes(t) && t.length < 30) return t;
+          }
+          return null;
+        });
+
+        return {
+          provider: 'insta',
+          mode: 'messages',
+          threadId: tid,
+          participant,
+          totalCount: messages.length,
+          messages,
+        };
+      } finally {
+        await context.close();
+      }
+    },
+
+    async listComments({ postId } = {}) {
+      return withProviderSession(async () => {
+        const shortcode = String(postId || '').trim();
+        if (!shortcode) {
+          throw new Error('postId (shortcode) is required.');
+        }
+        const comments = await instaApi.getComments(shortcode);
+        return {
+          provider: 'insta',
+          mode: 'comments',
+          postId: shortcode,
+          totalCount: comments.length,
+          comments,
+        };
+      });
+    },
+
     async analyzePost({ postId } = {}) {
       return withProviderSession(async () => {
         const shortcode = String(postId || '').trim();
         if (!shortcode) {
-          throw new Error('postId(shortcode)가 필요합니다.');
+          throw new Error('postId (shortcode) is required.');
         }
         const analysis = await smart.analyzePost({ shortcode });
         return {
@@ -258,7 +456,7 @@ const createInstaProvider = ({ sessionPath }) => {
       return withProviderSession(async () => {
         const shortcode = String(postId || '').trim();
         if (!shortcode) {
-          throw new Error('postId(shortcode)가 필요합니다.');
+          throw new Error('postId (shortcode) is required.');
         }
         const mediaId = await instaApi.getMediaIdFromShortcode(shortcode);
         const result = await instaApi.deletePost(mediaId);
@@ -277,7 +475,7 @@ const createInstaProvider = ({ sessionPath }) => {
         provider: 'insta',
         mode: 'resolveChallenge',
         resolved,
-        message: resolved ? 'Challenge 해결 완료' : 'Challenge 해결 실패. 브라우저에서 수동으로 처리해 주세요.',
+        message: resolved ? 'Challenge resolved successfully.' : 'Challenge resolution failed. Please handle it manually in the browser.',
       };
     },
 

package/src/providers/insta/session.js

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ const loadInstaSession = (sessionPath) => {
   return Array.isArray(raw?.cookies) ? raw.cookies : null;
 };
 
-// ── Rate Limit 영속화 (userId별) ──
+// ── Rate Limit persistence (per userId) ──
 
 const loadRateLimits = (sessionPath, userId) => {
   const raw = readSessionFile(sessionPath);
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ const createInstaWithProviderSession = (askForAuthentication) => async (fn) => {
       });
 
       if (!loginResult.loggedIn) {
-        throw new Error(loginResult.message || '세션 갱신 후 로그인 상태가 확인되지 않았습니다.');
+        throw new Error(loginResult.message || 'Login status could not be confirmed after session refresh.');
       }
 
       return fn();

package/src/providers/insta/smartComment.js

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 const createSmartComment = (instaApi) => {
   const analyzePost = async ({ shortcode }) => {
-    // 1. 게시물 상세
+    // 1. Post detail
     const post = await instaApi.getPostDetail(shortcode);
     const caption = post.caption || '';
     const isVideo = post.isVideo;
@@ -8,15 +8,15 @@ const createSmartComment = (instaApi) => {
     const thumbnailUrl = post.imageUrl;
     const ownerUsername = post.owner?.username || '';
 
-    // 2. 작성자 프로필
+    // 2. Owner profile
     let ownerProfile = null;
     try {
       ownerProfile = await instaApi.getProfile(ownerUsername);
     } catch {
-      // 비공개 등 실패 무시
+      // Ignore failures (e.g., private account)
     }
 
-    // 3. 썸네일 이미지 base64 (Claude Code Vision용)
+    // 3. Thumbnail image base64 (for Claude Code Vision)
     let thumbnailBase64 = null;
     let thumbnailMediaType = 'image/jpeg';
     if (thumbnailUrl) {
@@ -29,15 +29,15 @@ const createSmartComment = (instaApi) => {
           if (ct) thumbnailMediaType = ct;
         }
       } catch {
-        // 실패해도 캡션만으로 진행
+        // Proceed with caption only on failure
       }
     }
 
     const contentType = isVideo
-      ? '영상(릴스)'
+      ? 'video (reel)'
       : mediaType?.includes('Sidecar')
-        ? '캐러셀(다중 이미지)'
-        : '사진';
+        ? 'carousel (multiple images)'
+        : 'photo';
 
     return {
       shortcode,

package/src/providers/insta/utils.js

@@ -10,10 +10,10 @@ const readInstaCredentials = () => {
 const parseInstaSessionError = (error) => {
   const message = String(error?.message || '').toLowerCase();
   return [
-    '세션 파일이 없습니다',
-    '세션에 유효한 쿠키',
-    '세션이 만료',
-    '로그인이 필요합니다',
+    'no session file found',
+    'no valid cookies in session',
+    'session expired',
+    'login required',
     'login_required',
     'checkpoint_required',
     '401',
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ const parseInstaSessionError = (error) => {
   ].some((token) => message.includes(token.toLowerCase()));
 };
 
-const buildLoginErrorMessage = (error) => String(error?.message || '세션 검증에 실패했습니다.');
+const buildLoginErrorMessage = (error) => String(error?.message || 'Session validation failed.');
 
 const sleep = (ms) => new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, ms));
 

package/src/providers/naver/auth.js

@@ -30,28 +30,28 @@ const checkLoginResult = async (page) => {
   const patterns = NAVER_LOGIN_ERROR_PATTERNS;
 
   if (content.includes(patterns.wrongPassword)) {
-    return { success: false, error: 'wrong_password', message: '비밀번호가 잘못되었습니다.' };
+    return { success: false, error: 'wrong_password', message: 'Incorrect password.' };
   }
   if (content.includes(patterns.accountProtected)) {
-    return { success: false, error: 'account_protected', message: '계정 보호조치가 활성화되어 있습니다.' };
+    return { success: false, error: 'account_protected', message: 'Account protection is enabled.' };
   }
   if (content.includes(patterns.regionBlocked)) {
-    return { success: false, error: 'region_blocked', message: '허용하지 않은 지역에서 접속이 감지되었습니다.' };
+    return { success: false, error: 'region_blocked', message: 'Access from a disallowed region was detected.' };
   }
   if (content.includes(patterns.usageRestricted)) {
-    return { success: false, error: 'usage_restricted', message: '비정상적인 활동이 감지되어 이용이 제한되었습니다.' };
+    return { success: false, error: 'usage_restricted', message: 'Abnormal activity detected. Usage has been restricted.' };
   }
   if (content.includes(patterns.twoFactor)) {
-    return { success: false, error: 'two_factor', message: '2단계 인증이 필요합니다. --manual 모드로 로그인해 주세요.' };
+    return { success: false, error: 'two_factor', message: 'Two-factor authentication required. Please log in using --manual mode.' };
   }
 
-  // 캡차 감지
+  // Captcha detection
   const hasCaptcha = patterns.captcha.some((p) => content.toLowerCase().includes(p.toLowerCase()));
   if (hasCaptcha) {
-    return { success: false, error: 'captcha', message: '캡차가 감지되었습니다. --manual 모드를 사용해 주세요.' };
+    return { success: false, error: 'captcha', message: 'Captcha detected. Please use --manual mode.' };
   }
 
-  // 성공 (운영원칙 위반 포함)
+  // Success (including operation violation notice)
   if (content.includes(patterns.operationViolation) || content.includes(patterns.newDevice)) {
     return { success: true };
   }
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ const checkLoginResult = async (page) => {
     return { success: true };
   }
 
-  return { success: false, error: 'unknown', message: '로그인 상태를 확인할 수 없습니다.' };
+  return { success: false, error: 'unknown', message: 'Unable to verify login status.' };
 };
 
 const createAskForAuthentication = ({ sessionPath, naverApi }) => async ({
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ const createAskForAuthentication = ({ sessionPath, naverApi }) => async ({
   const resolvedPassword = password || readNaverCredentials().password;
 
   if (!manual && (!resolvedUsername || !resolvedPassword)) {
-    throw new Error('네이버 로그인에 id/pw가 필요합니다. 환경변수 NAVER_USERNAME/NAVER_PASSWORD를 설정하거나 --manual 모드를 사용해 주세요.');
+    throw new Error('Naver login requires id/pw. Set the NAVER_USERNAME/NAVER_PASSWORD environment variables or use --manual mode.');
   }
 
   const browser = await chromium.launch({
@@ -102,13 +102,13 @@ const createAskForAuthentication = ({ sessionPath, naverApi }) => async ({
     if (manual) {
       console.log('');
       console.log('==============================');
-      console.log('수동 로그인 모드로 전환합니다.');
-      console.log('브라우저에서 직접 네이버 로그인을 완료해 주세요.');
-      console.log('최대 5분 내에 로그인을 완료해 주세요.');
+      console.log('Switching to manual login mode.');
+      console.log('Please complete the Naver login in the browser.');
+      console.log('Please complete the login within 5 minutes.');
       console.log('==============================');
       loginSuccess = await waitForNaverLoginFinish(page, context, 300000);
     } else {
-      // JS 인젝션으로 ID/PW 입력 (fill() 대신 — 봇 감지 우회)
+      // Inject ID/PW via JS (instead of fill() — bypasses bot detection)
       await page.evaluate((id) => {
         const el = document.getElementById('id');
         if (el) el.value = id;
@@ -121,14 +121,14 @@ const createAskForAuthentication = ({ sessionPath, naverApi }) => async ({
       }, resolvedPassword);
       await sleep(300);
 
-      // 로그인 유지 체크
+      // Check "keep me logged in"
       const keepCheck = await page.$(NAVER_LOGIN_SELECTORS.keepLogin);
       if (keepCheck) {
         await keepCheck.click().catch(() => {});
         await sleep(300);
       }
 
-      // 로그인 버튼 클릭
+      // Click login button
       const loginBtn = await page.$(NAVER_LOGIN_SELECTORS.submit);
       if (loginBtn) {
         await loginBtn.click();
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ const createAskForAuthentication = ({ sessionPath, naverApi }) => async ({
       }
       await sleep(3000);
 
-      // 결과 확인
+      // Check result
       const result = await checkLoginResult(page);
       if (!result.success) {
         throw new Error(result.message);
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ const createAskForAuthentication = ({ sessionPath, naverApi }) => async ({
 
       loginSuccess = await waitForNaverLoginFinish(page, context, 15000);
       if (!loginSuccess) {
-        // URL 기반 추가 확인
+        // Additional URL-based check
         const url = page.url();
         if (url.includes('naver.com') && !url.includes('nid.naver.com/nidlogin')) {
           loginSuccess = true;
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ const createAskForAuthentication = ({ sessionPath, naverApi }) => async ({
     }
 
     if (!loginSuccess) {
-      throw new Error('네이버 로그인에 실패했습니다. 아이디/비밀번호를 확인하거나 --manual 모드를 사용해 주세요.');
+      throw new Error('Naver login failed. Please verify your id/password or use --manual mode.');
     }
 
     await persistNaverSession(context, sessionPath);

package/src/providers/naver/editorConvert.js

@@ -60,29 +60,29 @@ const createImageComponent = (imgData) => ({
 const stripHtmlTags = (html) => html.replace(/<[^>]*>/g, '');
 
 /**
- * HTML을 네이버 에디터 컴포넌트 배열로 변환한다.
- * Primary: 네이버 API (upconvert.editor.naver.com)
- * Fallback: 커스텀 파싱
+ * Converts HTML to an array of Naver editor components.
+ * Primary: Naver API (upconvert.editor.naver.com)
+ * Fallback: Custom parsing
  */
 const convertHtmlToEditorComponents = async (naverApi, html, imageComponents = []) => {
-  // 1. 네이버 API 변환 시도
+  // 1. Try Naver API conversion
   const apiComponents = await naverApi.convertHtmlToComponents(html);
   if (Array.isArray(apiComponents) && apiComponents.length > 0) {
-    // 이미지를 글 맨 위에 배치 (티스토리 스타일)
+    // Place images at the top of the post (Tistory style)
     return [...imageComponents, ...apiComponents];
   }
 
-  // 2. Fallback: 커스텀 파싱 (이미지를 글 맨 위에 배치)
+  // 2. Fallback: Custom parsing (images placed at the top)
   const textComponents = parseHtmlToComponents(html, []);
   return [...imageComponents, ...textComponents];
 };
 
 /**
- * HTML을 수동으로 파싱하여 네이버 에디터 컴포넌트로 변환한다.
- * Python의 process_html_to_components() 포팅
+ * Manually parses HTML and converts it to Naver editor components.
+ * Ported from Python's process_html_to_components()
  */
 const parseHtmlToComponents = (html, imageComponents = []) => {
-  // heading(h1-h6) 또는 strong 태그 기준으로 분할
+  // Split by heading (h1-h6) or strong tags
   const segments = html.split(/(<h[1-6][^>]*>.*?<\/h[1-6]>|<strong>.*?<\/strong>)/is);
   const components = [];
   const images = [...imageComponents];
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ const parseHtmlToComponents = (html, imageComponents = []) => {
     const isStrong = /<strong>/i.test(trimmed);
     const isBoldSection = isHeading || isStrong;
 
-    // heading 태그 자체는 건너뛰기 (Python 코드의 continue와 동일)
+    // Skip heading tags themselves (same as Python code's continue)
     if (/^<h[1-6][^>]*>.*<\/h[1-6]>$/is.test(trimmed)) {
       const text = stripHtmlTags(trimmed);
       if (!text.trim()) continue;
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ const parseHtmlToComponents = (html, imageComponents = []) => {
           ctype: 'text',
         }));
       } else {
-        // 이미지 삽입
+        // Insert image
         if (images.length > 0) {
           components.push(images.shift());
         }
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ const parseHtmlToComponents = (html, imageComponents = []) => {
       continue;
     }
 
-    // 일반 텍스트 세그먼트
+    // Plain text segment
     const text = stripHtmlTags(trimmed);
     if (!text.trim()) continue;
 
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ const parseHtmlToComponents = (html, imageComponents = []) => {
         ctype: 'quotation',
       }));
     } else {
-      // 일반 단락: <p> 또는 <br> 기준으로 분할
+      // Regular paragraphs: split by <p> or <br>
       const paragraphs = text.split(/\n+/).filter((p) => p.trim());
       for (const para of paragraphs) {
         components.push(createTextComponent(para.trim()));
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ const parseHtmlToComponents = (html, imageComponents = []) => {
     }
   }
 
-  // 남은 이미지 append
+  // Append remaining images
   for (const img of images) {
     components.push(img);
   }
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ const parseHtmlToComponents = (html, imageComponents = []) => {
 };
 
 /**
- * API 반환 컴포넌트 사이에 이미지를 삽입한다.
+ * Intersperses images between API-returned components.
  */
 const intersperse = (components, imageComponents) => {
   if (!imageComponents.length) return components;
@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ const intersperse = (components, imageComponents) => {
     result.push(comp);
   }
 
-  // 남은 이미지 append
+  // Append remaining images
   for (const img of images) {
     result.push(img);
   }