universal-physics-tensor 3.1.0 → 5.0.0

package/dist/bridges/be82-shockley-diode.d.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+/**
+ * Inputs for {@link evaluateShockleyDiode}.
+ * @public
+ */
+export interface ShockleyDiodeInputs {
+    /** Saturation current, amperes. */
+    readonly I_s_A: number;
+    /** Bias voltage, volts. */
+    readonly V_volts: number;
+    /** Absolute temperature, kelvin. Nonzero. */
+    readonly T_K: number;
+}
+/**
+ * Result of {@link evaluateShockleyDiode}.
+ * @public
+ */
+export interface ShockleyDiodeResult {
+    readonly I_s_A: number;
+    readonly V_volts: number;
+    readonly T_K: number;
+    /** Diode current, amperes. */
+    readonly I_A: number;
+}
+/**
+ * Evaluate `I = I_s (exp(e V / (k_B T)) − 1)` with ideality 1.
+ *
+ * `e` is the elementary charge. Euler's number is `exp`, not a bare `e`.
+ *
+ * @public
+ */
+export declare function evaluateShockleyDiode({ I_s_A, V_volts, T_K }: ShockleyDiodeInputs): ShockleyDiodeResult;
+//# sourceMappingURL=be82-shockley-diode.d.ts.map

package/dist/bridges/be82-shockley-diode.d.ts.map

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
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package/dist/bridges/be82-shockley-diode.js

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+/**
+ * BE-82 — Shockley diode equation at ideality 1,
+ *   I = I_s (exp(e V / (k_B T)) − 1).
+ *
+ * Quasi-equilibrium multiplies the equilibrium flux by
+ * exp(e V / (η k_B T)). Ideality 1 sets η = 1. Detailed balance sets
+ * the reverse flux equal to the forward flux at V = 0, and low
+ * injection keeps that reverse flux under bias. Zero bias carries zero
+ * current. Ideality 2 is not this current when e V ≠ 0. Not a
+ * diffusion-length ODE. `e` is the elementary charge.
+ *
+ * The overlay formalRef is `PhysJS.ShockleyDiode.shockley_eq`.
+ *
+ * @module bridges/be82-shockley-diode
+ */
+import { E_SI, K_B_SI } from '../core/constants.js';
+/**
+ * Evaluate `I = I_s (exp(e V / (k_B T)) − 1)` with ideality 1.
+ *
+ * `e` is the elementary charge. Euler's number is `exp`, not a bare `e`.
+ *
+ * @public
+ */
+export function evaluateShockleyDiode({ I_s_A, V_volts, T_K }) {
+    if (!Number.isFinite(I_s_A)) {
+        throw new Error('evaluateShockleyDiode: I_s_A must be finite');
+    }
+    if (!Number.isFinite(V_volts)) {
+        throw new Error('evaluateShockleyDiode: V_volts must be finite');
+    }
+    if (!Number.isFinite(T_K) || T_K === 0) {
+        throw new Error('evaluateShockleyDiode: T_K must be finite and nonzero');
+    }
+    const I_A = I_s_A * (Math.exp((E_SI * V_volts) / (K_B_SI * T_K)) - 1);
+    return { I_s_A, V_volts, T_K, I_A };
+}
+//# sourceMappingURL=be82-shockley-diode.js.map

package/dist/bridges/be82-shockley-diode.js.map

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
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package/dist/bridges/be83-thomson.d.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+/**
+ * BE-83 — first Thomson relation,
+ *   μ_T = T dS/dT.
+ *
+ * The Kelvin relation Π(t) = S(t) t, which is
+ * `PhysJS.KelvinRelation.peltier_eq` read along temperature, and the
+ * Thomson split μ = dΠ/dT − S, give μ = T dS/dT by the product rule.
+ * dΠ/dT is not μ when S T ≠ 0. Not a second copy of Π = S T.
+ *
+ * The overlay formalRef is `PhysJS.Thomson.thomson_eq`.
+ *
+ * @module bridges/be83-thomson
+ */
+/**
+ * Inputs for {@link evaluateThomsonCoefficient}.
+ * @public
+ */
+export interface ThomsonCoefficientInputs {
+    /** Absolute temperature, kelvin. */
+    readonly T_K: number;
+    /**
+     * Temperature derivative of the Seebeck coefficient, volts per
+     * kelvin squared. This is S', not a sampled difference of S.
+     */
+    readonly dS_dT_V_per_K2: number;
+}
+/**
+ * Result of {@link evaluateThomsonCoefficient}.
+ * @public
+ */
+export interface ThomsonCoefficientResult {
+    readonly T_K: number;
+    readonly dS_dT_V_per_K2: number;
+    /** Thomson coefficient, volts per kelvin. */
+    readonly mu_V_per_K: number;
+}
+/**
+ * Evaluate `μ_T = T dS/dT`.
+ *
+ * The functional Kelvin relation and the Thomson split are hypotheses.
+ * This is not Π = S T.
+ *
+ * @public
+ */
+export declare function evaluateThomsonCoefficient({ T_K, dS_dT_V_per_K2, }: ThomsonCoefficientInputs): ThomsonCoefficientResult;
+//# sourceMappingURL=be83-thomson.d.ts.map

package/dist/bridges/be83-thomson.d.ts.map

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
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package/dist/bridges/be83-thomson.js

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+/**
+ * BE-83 — first Thomson relation,
+ *   μ_T = T dS/dT.
+ *
+ * The Kelvin relation Π(t) = S(t) t, which is
+ * `PhysJS.KelvinRelation.peltier_eq` read along temperature, and the
+ * Thomson split μ = dΠ/dT − S, give μ = T dS/dT by the product rule.
+ * dΠ/dT is not μ when S T ≠ 0. Not a second copy of Π = S T.
+ *
+ * The overlay formalRef is `PhysJS.Thomson.thomson_eq`.
+ *
+ * @module bridges/be83-thomson
+ */
+/**
+ * Evaluate `μ_T = T dS/dT`.
+ *
+ * The functional Kelvin relation and the Thomson split are hypotheses.
+ * This is not Π = S T.
+ *
+ * @public
+ */
+export function evaluateThomsonCoefficient({ T_K, dS_dT_V_per_K2, }) {
+    if (!Number.isFinite(T_K)) {
+        throw new Error('evaluateThomsonCoefficient: T_K must be finite');
+    }
+    if (!Number.isFinite(dS_dT_V_per_K2)) {
+        throw new Error('evaluateThomsonCoefficient: dS_dT_V_per_K2 must be finite');
+    }
+    const mu_V_per_K = T_K * dS_dT_V_per_K2;
+    return { T_K, dS_dT_V_per_K2, mu_V_per_K };
+}
+//# sourceMappingURL=be83-thomson.js.map

package/dist/bridges/be83-thomson.js.map

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
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package/dist/bridges/be84-four-point.d.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+/**
+ * BE-84 — collinear four-point sheet resistance,
+ *   R_s = (π / ln 2) (V / I).
+ *
+ * On an infinite sheet the radial field of a point current is
+ * (I R_s)/(2 π r), and the potential drop is the integral of 1/r.
+ * Probes at 0, s, 2s, and 3s, with current in at 0 and out at 3s,
+ * each contribute (I R_s/(2 π)) ln 2 on the inner pair. Superposition
+ * gives this factor. A sink at 4s gives 2π/ln 3 instead. Not
+ * `PhysJS.Crossing.antisymmetry`.
+ *
+ * The overlay formalRef is `PhysJS.FourPoint.sheet_eq`.
+ *
+ * @module bridges/be84-four-point
+ */
+/**
+ * Inputs for {@link evaluateFourPointSheet}.
+ * @public
+ */
+export interface FourPointSheetInputs {
+    /** Inner-pair voltage, volts. */
+    readonly V_volts: number;
+    /** Probe current, amperes. Nonzero. */
+    readonly I_A: number;
+}
+/**
+ * Result of {@link evaluateFourPointSheet}.
+ * @public
+ */
+export interface FourPointSheetResult {
+    readonly V_volts: number;
+    readonly I_A: number;
+    /** Sheet resistance, ohms per square. */
+    readonly R_s_ohm: number;
+}
+/**
+ * Evaluate `R_s = (π / ln 2) (V / I)` for equally spaced collinear probes.
+ *
+ * The radial 1/r field and linear superposition are hypotheses. The
+ * spacing s cancels and is not an input. A sink at 4s is not this factor.
+ *
+ * @public
+ */
+export declare function evaluateFourPointSheet({ V_volts, I_A }: FourPointSheetInputs): FourPointSheetResult;
+//# sourceMappingURL=be84-four-point.d.ts.map

package/dist/bridges/be84-four-point.d.ts.map

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
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package/dist/bridges/be84-four-point.js

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+/**
+ * BE-84 — collinear four-point sheet resistance,
+ *   R_s = (π / ln 2) (V / I).
+ *
+ * On an infinite sheet the radial field of a point current is
+ * (I R_s)/(2 π r), and the potential drop is the integral of 1/r.
+ * Probes at 0, s, 2s, and 3s, with current in at 0 and out at 3s,
+ * each contribute (I R_s/(2 π)) ln 2 on the inner pair. Superposition
+ * gives this factor. A sink at 4s gives 2π/ln 3 instead. Not
+ * `PhysJS.Crossing.antisymmetry`.
+ *
+ * The overlay formalRef is `PhysJS.FourPoint.sheet_eq`.
+ *
+ * @module bridges/be84-four-point
+ */
+/**
+ * Evaluate `R_s = (π / ln 2) (V / I)` for equally spaced collinear probes.
+ *
+ * The radial 1/r field and linear superposition are hypotheses. The
+ * spacing s cancels and is not an input. A sink at 4s is not this factor.
+ *
+ * @public
+ */
+export function evaluateFourPointSheet({ V_volts, I_A }) {
+    if (!Number.isFinite(V_volts)) {
+        throw new Error('evaluateFourPointSheet: V_volts must be finite');
+    }
+    if (!Number.isFinite(I_A) || I_A === 0) {
+        throw new Error('evaluateFourPointSheet: I_A must be finite and nonzero');
+    }
+    const R_s_ohm = (Math.PI / Math.log(2)) * (V_volts / I_A);
+    return { V_volts, I_A, R_s_ohm };
+}
+//# sourceMappingURL=be84-four-point.js.map

package/dist/bridges/be84-four-point.js.map

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
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package/dist/bridges/be85-shot-noise.d.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+/**
+ * Inputs for {@link evaluateShotNoise}.
+ * @public
+ */
+export interface ShotNoiseInputs {
+    /**
+     * Current in the Poisson mean N = (I/e) T, amperes. The theorem is
+     * linear in I. It does not take the absolute value.
+     */
+    readonly I_A: number;
+}
+/**
+ * Result of {@link evaluateShotNoise}.
+ * @public
+ */
+export interface ShotNoiseResult {
+    readonly I_A: number;
+    /** One-sided current spectral density, amperes squared per hertz. */
+    readonly S_I_A2_per_Hz: number;
+}
+/**
+ * Evaluate the one-sided spectrum `S_I = 2 e I`.
+ *
+ * `e` is the elementary charge. The two-sided convention e I is not
+ * this result.
+ *
+ * @public
+ */
+export declare function evaluateShotNoise({ I_A }: ShotNoiseInputs): ShotNoiseResult;
+//# sourceMappingURL=be85-shot-noise.d.ts.map

package/dist/bridges/be85-shot-noise.d.ts.map

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
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package/dist/bridges/be85-shot-noise.js

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+/**
+ * BE-85 — one-sided shot noise,
+ *   S_I = 2 e I.
+ *
+ * In a window of length T the count N has mean (I/e) T, and the Poisson
+ * premise is Var(N) = mean(N). Charge e scales the variance by e² and
+ * the windowed current divides by T, so Var(I) = e I / T. The one-sided
+ * bandwidth of that window is Δf = 1/(2 T), and S_I = Var(I)/Δf is
+ * 2 e I. The two-sided bandwidth Δf = 1/T gives e I. `e` is the
+ * elementary charge. Not a Fourier theorem and not Johnson–Nyquist.
+ *
+ * The overlay formalRef is `PhysJS.ShotNoise.shot_eq`.
+ *
+ * @module bridges/be85-shot-noise
+ */
+import { E_SI } from '../core/constants.js';
+/**
+ * Evaluate the one-sided spectrum `S_I = 2 e I`.
+ *
+ * `e` is the elementary charge. The two-sided convention e I is not
+ * this result.
+ *
+ * @public
+ */
+export function evaluateShotNoise({ I_A }) {
+    if (!Number.isFinite(I_A)) {
+        throw new Error('evaluateShotNoise: I_A must be finite');
+    }
+    const S_I_A2_per_Hz = 2 * E_SI * I_A;
+    return { I_A, S_I_A2_per_Hz };
+}
+//# sourceMappingURL=be85-shot-noise.js.map

package/dist/bridges/be85-shot-noise.js.map

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
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package/dist/bridges/be86-reynolds-analogy.d.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+/**
+ * BE-86 — Reynolds analogy at Prandtl number 1,
+ *   St = C_f / 2.
+ *
+ * Wall fluxes τ = μ du/dy and q = k dT/dy, with
+ * C_f = τ/(ρ U²/2), h = q/ΔT, St = h/(ρ U c_p), and Pr = μ c_p/k,
+ * satisfy St Pr = C_f/2 when the normalized wall gradients agree.
+ * That common slope is the equal-diffusivity hypothesis. At Pr = 1,
+ * St = C_f/2. Pr ≠ 1 with nonzero skin friction is not this equality.
+ * Not a Nusselt correlation.
+ *
+ * The overlay formalRef is `PhysJS.ReynoldsAnalogy.reynolds_eq`.
+ *
+ * @module bridges/be86-reynolds-analogy
+ */
+/**
+ * Inputs for {@link evaluateReynoldsAnalogy}.
+ * @public
+ */
+export interface ReynoldsAnalogyInputs {
+    /**
+     * Skin-friction coefficient. The 1/2 in the catalog equation is the
+     * normalization C_f = τ/(ρ U²/2), already inside this number.
+     */
+    readonly C_f: number;
+}
+/**
+ * Result of {@link evaluateReynoldsAnalogy}.
+ * @public
+ */
+export interface ReynoldsAnalogyResult {
+    readonly C_f: number;
+    /** Stanton number at Pr = 1 with matched wall slopes. */
+    readonly St: number;
+}
+/**
+ * Evaluate `St = C_f / 2` under the matched-slope hypothesis at Pr = 1.
+ *
+ * Prandtl number and the wall slopes are hypotheses, not inputs. The
+ * function does not accept Pr ≠ 1 and still return this equality.
+ *
+ * @public
+ */
+export declare function evaluateReynoldsAnalogy({ C_f }: ReynoldsAnalogyInputs): ReynoldsAnalogyResult;
+//# sourceMappingURL=be86-reynolds-analogy.d.ts.map

package/dist/bridges/be86-reynolds-analogy.d.ts.map

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
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package/dist/bridges/be86-reynolds-analogy.js

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+/**
+ * BE-86 — Reynolds analogy at Prandtl number 1,
+ *   St = C_f / 2.
+ *
+ * Wall fluxes τ = μ du/dy and q = k dT/dy, with
+ * C_f = τ/(ρ U²/2), h = q/ΔT, St = h/(ρ U c_p), and Pr = μ c_p/k,
+ * satisfy St Pr = C_f/2 when the normalized wall gradients agree.
+ * That common slope is the equal-diffusivity hypothesis. At Pr = 1,
+ * St = C_f/2. Pr ≠ 1 with nonzero skin friction is not this equality.
+ * Not a Nusselt correlation.
+ *
+ * The overlay formalRef is `PhysJS.ReynoldsAnalogy.reynolds_eq`.
+ *
+ * @module bridges/be86-reynolds-analogy
+ */
+/**
+ * Evaluate `St = C_f / 2` under the matched-slope hypothesis at Pr = 1.
+ *
+ * Prandtl number and the wall slopes are hypotheses, not inputs. The
+ * function does not accept Pr ≠ 1 and still return this equality.
+ *
+ * @public
+ */
+export function evaluateReynoldsAnalogy({ C_f }) {
+    if (!Number.isFinite(C_f)) {
+        throw new Error('evaluateReynoldsAnalogy: C_f must be finite');
+    }
+    return { C_f, St: C_f / 2 };
+}
+//# sourceMappingURL=be86-reynolds-analogy.js.map

package/dist/bridges/be86-reynolds-analogy.js.map

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
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package/dist/bridges/be87-capacitor-noise.d.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+/**
+ * Inputs for {@link evaluateCapacitorNoise}.
+ * @public
+ */
+export interface CapacitorNoiseInputs {
+    /** Absolute temperature, kelvin. */
+    readonly T_K: number;
+    /** Capacitance, farads. */
+    readonly C_F: number;
+}
+/**
+ * Result of {@link evaluateCapacitorNoise}.
+ * @public
+ */
+export interface CapacitorNoiseResult {
+    readonly T_K: number;
+    readonly C_F: number;
+    /** Mean square voltage, volts squared. */
+    readonly v2_V2: number;
+}
+/**
+ * Evaluate `⟨v²⟩ = k_B T / C` for one quadratic capacitor term.
+ *
+ * @public
+ */
+export declare function evaluateCapacitorNoise({ T_K, C_F }: CapacitorNoiseInputs): CapacitorNoiseResult;
+//# sourceMappingURL=be87-capacitor-noise.d.ts.map

package/dist/bridges/be87-capacitor-noise.d.ts.map

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
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package/dist/bridges/be87-capacitor-noise.js

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+/**
+ * BE-87 — mean-square voltage on one capacitor,
+ *   ⟨v²⟩ = k_B T / C.
+ *
+ * dU/dV = C V and U(0) = 0 integrate to U = (C/2) V². The normalized
+ * Boltzmann weight of that energy is the Gaussian of mean 0 and
+ * variance k_B T/C. The mean square on that law is k_B T/C, and (C/2)
+ * of it is (1/2) k_B T. (3/2) k_B T/C is not this variance. Dropping
+ * the energy half replaces it by k_B T/(2 C). Not three kinetic
+ * degrees of freedom.
+ *
+ * The overlay formalRef is `PhysJS.CapacitorNoise.noise_eq`.
+ *
+ * @module bridges/be87-capacitor-noise
+ */
+import { K_B_SI } from '../core/constants.js';
+/**
+ * Evaluate `⟨v²⟩ = k_B T / C` for one quadratic capacitor term.
+ *
+ * @public
+ */
+export function evaluateCapacitorNoise({ T_K, C_F }) {
+    if (!Number.isFinite(T_K)) {
+        throw new Error('evaluateCapacitorNoise: T_K must be finite');
+    }
+    if (!Number.isFinite(C_F) || C_F <= 0) {
+        throw new Error('evaluateCapacitorNoise: C_F must be finite and > 0');
+    }
+    const v2_V2 = (K_B_SI * T_K) / C_F;
+    return { T_K, C_F, v2_V2 };
+}
+//# sourceMappingURL=be87-capacitor-noise.js.map

package/dist/bridges/be87-capacitor-noise.js.map

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package/dist/bridges/be88-fermi-sea.d.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+/**
+ * Inputs for {@link evaluateFermiSea}.
+ * @public
+ */
+export interface FermiSeaInputs {
+    /** Number density of electrons, per cubic metre. */
+    readonly n_per_m3: number;
+    /** Isotropic effective mass, kilograms. */
+    readonly m_kg: number;
+}
+/**
+ * Result of {@link evaluateFermiSea}.
+ * @public
+ */
+export interface FermiSeaResult {
+    readonly n_per_m3: number;
+    readonly m_kg: number;
+    /** Fermi wavevector, per metre. */
+    readonly k_F_per_m: number;
+    /** Fermi energy on the isotropic parabola, joules. */
+    readonly E_F_J: number;
+    /** Fermi velocity, metres per second. */
+    readonly v_F_m_per_s: number;
+}
+/**
+ * Evaluate the two-spin Fermi sphere and the isotropic parabola at k_F.
+ *
+ * @public
+ */
+export declare function evaluateFermiSea({ n_per_m3, m_kg }: FermiSeaInputs): FermiSeaResult;
+//# sourceMappingURL=be88-fermi-sea.d.ts.map

package/dist/bridges/be88-fermi-sea.d.ts.map

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
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package/dist/bridges/be88-fermi-sea.js

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+/**
+ * BE-88 — two-spin Fermi sphere,
+ *   k_F = (3 π² n)^{1/3},
+ *   E_F = ℏ² k_F² / (2 m*),
+ *   v_F = ℏ k_F / m*.
+ *
+ * Two spin states times the sphere (4π/3) k_F³/(2π)³ give n, so
+ * k_F³ = 3 π² n. One spin is k_F³ = 6 π² n. The isotropic parabola
+ * is a hypothesis, and so are the band, the two-spin count, and
+ * T = 0. Not a lattice band. ℏ⁻² times the second derivative of
+ * that parabola is 1/m*; this evaluator does not return that curvature.
+ *
+ * The overlay formalRef is `PhysJS.FermiSea.fermi_sea`.
+ *
+ * @module bridges/be88-fermi-sea
+ */
+import { HBAR_SI } from '../core/constants.js';
+/**
+ * Evaluate the two-spin Fermi sphere and the isotropic parabola at k_F.
+ *
+ * @public
+ */
+export function evaluateFermiSea({ n_per_m3, m_kg }) {
+    if (!Number.isFinite(n_per_m3) || n_per_m3 <= 0) {
+        throw new Error('evaluateFermiSea: n_per_m3 must be finite and > 0');
+    }
+    if (!Number.isFinite(m_kg) || m_kg <= 0) {
+        throw new Error('evaluateFermiSea: m_kg must be finite and > 0');
+    }
+    const k_F_per_m = (3 * Math.PI ** 2 * n_per_m3) ** (1 / 3);
+    const E_F_J = (HBAR_SI ** 2 * k_F_per_m ** 2) / (2 * m_kg);
+    const v_F_m_per_s = (HBAR_SI * k_F_per_m) / m_kg;
+    return { n_per_m3, m_kg, k_F_per_m, E_F_J, v_F_m_per_s };
+}
+//# sourceMappingURL=be88-fermi-sea.js.map

package/dist/bridges/be88-fermi-sea.js.map

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package/dist/bridges/be89-debye-cutoff.d.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+/**
+ * BE-89 — Debye cutoff of three acoustic branches,
+ *   ω_D = v_s (6 π² n)^{1/3}.
+ *
+ * Three branches filling 3n states, 3·(4π/3) k_D³/(2π)³ = 3n, give
+ * k_D³ = 6 π² n. Equating that three-branch sum to n gives
+ * k_D³ = 2 π² n. The branch count and the common speed are hypotheses.
+ *
+ * The overlay formalRef is `PhysJS.DebyeCutoff.debye_cutoff`.
+ *
+ * @module bridges/be89-debye-cutoff
+ */
+/**
+ * Inputs for {@link evaluateDebyeCutoff}.
+ * @public
+ */
+export interface DebyeCutoffInputs {
+    /** Common acoustic speed, metres per second. */
+    readonly v_m_per_s: number;
+    /** Number density of atoms, per cubic metre. */
+    readonly n_per_m3: number;
+}
+/**
+ * Result of {@link evaluateDebyeCutoff}.
+ * @public
+ */
+export interface DebyeCutoffResult {
+    readonly v_m_per_s: number;
+    readonly n_per_m3: number;
+    /** Debye frequency of one linear branch, radians per second. */
+    readonly omega_D_rad_per_s: number;
+}
+/**
+ * Evaluate ω_D = v_s (6 π² n)^{1/3}.
+ *
+ * @public
+ */
+export declare function evaluateDebyeCutoff({ v_m_per_s, n_per_m3 }: DebyeCutoffInputs): DebyeCutoffResult;
+//# sourceMappingURL=be89-debye-cutoff.d.ts.map

package/dist/bridges/be89-debye-cutoff.d.ts.map

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
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package/dist/bridges/be89-debye-cutoff.js

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+/**
+ * BE-89 — Debye cutoff of three acoustic branches,
+ *   ω_D = v_s (6 π² n)^{1/3}.
+ *
+ * Three branches filling 3n states, 3·(4π/3) k_D³/(2π)³ = 3n, give
+ * k_D³ = 6 π² n. Equating that three-branch sum to n gives
+ * k_D³ = 2 π² n. The branch count and the common speed are hypotheses.
+ *
+ * The overlay formalRef is `PhysJS.DebyeCutoff.debye_cutoff`.
+ *
+ * @module bridges/be89-debye-cutoff
+ */
+/**
+ * Evaluate ω_D = v_s (6 π² n)^{1/3}.
+ *
+ * @public
+ */
+export function evaluateDebyeCutoff({ v_m_per_s, n_per_m3 }) {
+    if (!Number.isFinite(v_m_per_s) || v_m_per_s <= 0) {
+        throw new Error('evaluateDebyeCutoff: v_m_per_s must be finite and > 0');
+    }
+    if (!Number.isFinite(n_per_m3) || n_per_m3 <= 0) {
+        throw new Error('evaluateDebyeCutoff: n_per_m3 must be finite and > 0');
+    }
+    const omega_D_rad_per_s = v_m_per_s * (6 * Math.PI ** 2 * n_per_m3) ** (1 / 3);
+    return { v_m_per_s, n_per_m3, omega_D_rad_per_s };
+}
+//# sourceMappingURL=be89-debye-cutoff.js.map

package/dist/bridges/be89-debye-cutoff.js.map

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