universal-physics-tensor 3.0.0 → 4.0.0

package/dist/bridges/be75-london-penetration.js

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+/**
+ * BE-75 — London penetration depth,
+ *   λ_L = √(m / (μ0 n e²)).
+ *
+ * `e` is the elementary charge. The dimension matrix of `{m, μ0, n, e}`
+ * also admits `μ0 e²/m`, so units do not choose this root. Replacing `e`
+ * by `2e` is not this depth. This is not the classical skin depth.
+ *
+ * `μ0` is `1/(ε0 c²)`. The overlay formalRef is
+ * `PhysJS.LondonPenetration.depth_eq`.
+ *
+ * @module bridges/be75-london-penetration
+ */
+import { E_SI } from '../core/constants.js';
+import { MU0_SI } from '../dimensional/formula-names.js';
+/**
+ * Evaluate `λ_L = √(m / (μ0 n e²))` with `e` the elementary charge.
+ *
+ * @public
+ */
+export function evaluateLondonPenetration({ m_kg, n_per_m3, }) {
+    if (!Number.isFinite(m_kg) || m_kg <= 0) {
+        throw new Error('evaluateLondonPenetration: m_kg must be finite and > 0');
+    }
+    if (!Number.isFinite(n_per_m3) || n_per_m3 <= 0) {
+        throw new Error('evaluateLondonPenetration: n_per_m3 must be finite and > 0');
+    }
+    const lambda_m = Math.sqrt(m_kg / (MU0_SI * n_per_m3 * E_SI * E_SI));
+    return { m_kg, n_per_m3, lambda_m };
+}
+//# sourceMappingURL=be75-london-penetration.js.map

package/dist/bridges/be75-london-penetration.js.map

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
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package/dist/bridges/be76-plasma-beta.d.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+/**
+ * Inputs for {@link evaluatePlasmaBeta}.
+ * @public
+ */
+export interface PlasmaBetaInputs {
+    /** Number density, m⁻³. */
+    readonly n_per_m3: number;
+    /** Temperature, kelvin. */
+    readonly T_K: number;
+    /**
+     * Magnetic pressure, pascal. This is `B²/(2 μ0)`, not `B²/μ0`.
+     */
+    readonly p_B_Pa: number;
+}
+/**
+ * Result of {@link evaluatePlasmaBeta}.
+ * @public
+ */
+export interface PlasmaBetaResult {
+    readonly n_per_m3: number;
+    readonly T_K: number;
+    readonly p_B_Pa: number;
+    /** Dimensionless pressure ratio. */
+    readonly beta: number;
+}
+/**
+ * Evaluate `β = n k_B T / p_B`.
+ *
+ * @public
+ */
+export declare function evaluatePlasmaBeta({ n_per_m3, T_K, p_B_Pa }: PlasmaBetaInputs): PlasmaBetaResult;
+//# sourceMappingURL=be76-plasma-beta.d.ts.map

package/dist/bridges/be76-plasma-beta.d.ts.map

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
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package/dist/bridges/be76-plasma-beta.js

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+/**
+ * BE-76 — plasma beta,
+ *   β = p_gas / p_B = n k_B T / p_B,
+ * where `p_B` is {@link evaluateMagneticPressure} (`B²/(2 μ0)`).
+ *
+ * The ideal-gas closure `p_gas = n k_B T` is a hypothesis. Substituting
+ * the magnetic pressure gives `β = 2 μ0 n k_B T / B²`. Using `B²/μ0` in
+ * place of `p_B` is half of this beta. This is not a plasma-β inequality
+ * and not a unique monomial of `{n, T, B, μ0}`.
+ *
+ * The overlay formalRef is `PhysJS.PlasmaBeta.beta_eq`.
+ *
+ * @module bridges/be76-plasma-beta
+ */
+import { K_B_SI } from '../core/constants.js';
+/**
+ * Evaluate `β = n k_B T / p_B`.
+ *
+ * @public
+ */
+export function evaluatePlasmaBeta({ n_per_m3, T_K, p_B_Pa }) {
+    if (!Number.isFinite(n_per_m3)) {
+        throw new Error('evaluatePlasmaBeta: n_per_m3 must be finite');
+    }
+    if (!Number.isFinite(T_K)) {
+        throw new Error('evaluatePlasmaBeta: T_K must be finite');
+    }
+    if (!Number.isFinite(p_B_Pa) || p_B_Pa === 0) {
+        throw new Error('evaluatePlasmaBeta: p_B_Pa must be finite and nonzero');
+    }
+    const beta = (n_per_m3 * K_B_SI * T_K) / p_B_Pa;
+    return { n_per_m3, T_K, p_B_Pa, beta };
+}
+//# sourceMappingURL=be76-plasma-beta.js.map

package/dist/bridges/be76-plasma-beta.js.map

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
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package/dist/bridges/be77-hagen-poiseuille.d.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+/**
+ * BE-77 — Hagen–Poiseuille flux,
+ *   Q = π R⁴ ΔP / (8 μ L).
+ *
+ * Steady axisymmetric Newtonian flow with d/dr (r du/dr) = (G/μ) r,
+ * centerline slope 0, and no-slip u(R) = 0 integrates to the parabola.
+ * G = −ΔP/L. The flux is the integral of that profile. Darcy's
+ * definitions then give f_D Re = 64. The Fanning product is 16, and a
+ * square duct is a different eigenvalue. Neither is this flux.
+ *
+ * The overlay formalRef is `PhysJS.HagenPoiseuille.flow_eq`.
+ *
+ * @module bridges/be77-hagen-poiseuille
+ */
+/**
+ * Inputs for {@link evaluateHagenPoiseuille}.
+ * @public
+ */
+export interface HagenPoiseuilleInputs {
+    /** Pipe radius, metres. */
+    readonly R_m: number;
+    /** Pressure drop along the pipe, pascal. */
+    readonly deltaP_Pa: number;
+    /** Dynamic viscosity, pascal-seconds. Nonzero. */
+    readonly mu_Pa_s: number;
+    /** Pipe length, metres. Nonzero. */
+    readonly L_m: number;
+}
+/**
+ * Result of {@link evaluateHagenPoiseuille}.
+ * @public
+ */
+export interface HagenPoiseuilleResult {
+    readonly R_m: number;
+    readonly deltaP_Pa: number;
+    readonly mu_Pa_s: number;
+    readonly L_m: number;
+    /** Volume flux, cubic metres per second. */
+    readonly Q_m3_per_s: number;
+}
+/**
+ * Evaluate `Q = π R⁴ ΔP / (8 μ L)`.
+ *
+ * The 8 is the integral of the no-slip parabola. It is not the Fanning
+ * factor 16, and it is not a square-duct eigenvalue.
+ *
+ * @public
+ */
+export declare function evaluateHagenPoiseuille({ R_m, deltaP_Pa, mu_Pa_s, L_m, }: HagenPoiseuilleInputs): HagenPoiseuilleResult;
+//# sourceMappingURL=be77-hagen-poiseuille.d.ts.map

package/dist/bridges/be77-hagen-poiseuille.d.ts.map

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
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package/dist/bridges/be77-hagen-poiseuille.js

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+/**
+ * BE-77 — Hagen–Poiseuille flux,
+ *   Q = π R⁴ ΔP / (8 μ L).
+ *
+ * Steady axisymmetric Newtonian flow with d/dr (r du/dr) = (G/μ) r,
+ * centerline slope 0, and no-slip u(R) = 0 integrates to the parabola.
+ * G = −ΔP/L. The flux is the integral of that profile. Darcy's
+ * definitions then give f_D Re = 64. The Fanning product is 16, and a
+ * square duct is a different eigenvalue. Neither is this flux.
+ *
+ * The overlay formalRef is `PhysJS.HagenPoiseuille.flow_eq`.
+ *
+ * @module bridges/be77-hagen-poiseuille
+ */
+/**
+ * Evaluate `Q = π R⁴ ΔP / (8 μ L)`.
+ *
+ * The 8 is the integral of the no-slip parabola. It is not the Fanning
+ * factor 16, and it is not a square-duct eigenvalue.
+ *
+ * @public
+ */
+export function evaluateHagenPoiseuille({ R_m, deltaP_Pa, mu_Pa_s, L_m, }) {
+    if (!Number.isFinite(R_m) || R_m <= 0) {
+        throw new Error('evaluateHagenPoiseuille: R_m must be finite and > 0');
+    }
+    if (!Number.isFinite(deltaP_Pa)) {
+        throw new Error('evaluateHagenPoiseuille: deltaP_Pa must be finite');
+    }
+    if (!Number.isFinite(mu_Pa_s) || mu_Pa_s === 0) {
+        throw new Error('evaluateHagenPoiseuille: mu_Pa_s must be finite and nonzero');
+    }
+    if (!Number.isFinite(L_m) || L_m === 0) {
+        throw new Error('evaluateHagenPoiseuille: L_m must be finite and nonzero');
+    }
+    const Q_m3_per_s = (Math.PI * R_m ** 4 * deltaP_Pa) / (8 * mu_Pa_s * L_m);
+    return { R_m, deltaP_Pa, mu_Pa_s, L_m, Q_m3_per_s };
+}
+//# sourceMappingURL=be77-hagen-poiseuille.js.map

package/dist/bridges/be77-hagen-poiseuille.js.map

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
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package/dist/bridges/be78-euler-buckling.d.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+/**
+ * BE-78 — Euler buckling load of a pinned–pinned column,
+ *   P_cr = π² E I / L².
+ *
+ * The Euler–Bernoulli balance y'' = −ω² y with ω² = P/(E I) and pinned
+ * ends y(0) = y(L) = 0 has the eigenfunction sin(π x/L) at that load.
+ * Every nontrivial solution has ω L = n π for a nonzero integer n, so
+ * the load is at least this value. The clamped-free column is
+ * π² E I/(4 L²). That factor is not this load.
+ *
+ * The overlay formalRef is `PhysJS.EulerBuckling.critical_load`.
+ *
+ * @module bridges/be78-euler-buckling
+ */
+/**
+ * Inputs for {@link evaluateEulerBuckling}.
+ * @public
+ */
+export interface EulerBucklingInputs {
+    /** Young's modulus, pascal. */
+    readonly E_Pa: number;
+    /** Second moment of area, metres⁴. */
+    readonly I_m4: number;
+    /** Column length between pinned ends, metres. */
+    readonly L_m: number;
+}
+/**
+ * Result of {@link evaluateEulerBuckling}.
+ * @public
+ */
+export interface EulerBucklingResult {
+    readonly E_Pa: number;
+    readonly I_m4: number;
+    readonly L_m: number;
+    /** Lowest pinned–pinned critical load, newtons. */
+    readonly P_N: number;
+}
+/**
+ * Evaluate `P_cr = π² E I / L²` for pinned ends.
+ *
+ * @public
+ */
+export declare function evaluateEulerBuckling({ E_Pa, I_m4, L_m }: EulerBucklingInputs): EulerBucklingResult;
+//# sourceMappingURL=be78-euler-buckling.d.ts.map

package/dist/bridges/be78-euler-buckling.d.ts.map

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
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package/dist/bridges/be78-euler-buckling.js

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+/**
+ * BE-78 — Euler buckling load of a pinned–pinned column,
+ *   P_cr = π² E I / L².
+ *
+ * The Euler–Bernoulli balance y'' = −ω² y with ω² = P/(E I) and pinned
+ * ends y(0) = y(L) = 0 has the eigenfunction sin(π x/L) at that load.
+ * Every nontrivial solution has ω L = n π for a nonzero integer n, so
+ * the load is at least this value. The clamped-free column is
+ * π² E I/(4 L²). That factor is not this load.
+ *
+ * The overlay formalRef is `PhysJS.EulerBuckling.critical_load`.
+ *
+ * @module bridges/be78-euler-buckling
+ */
+/**
+ * Evaluate `P_cr = π² E I / L²` for pinned ends.
+ *
+ * @public
+ */
+export function evaluateEulerBuckling({ E_Pa, I_m4, L_m }) {
+    if (!Number.isFinite(E_Pa) || E_Pa <= 0) {
+        throw new Error('evaluateEulerBuckling: E_Pa must be finite and > 0');
+    }
+    if (!Number.isFinite(I_m4) || I_m4 <= 0) {
+        throw new Error('evaluateEulerBuckling: I_m4 must be finite and > 0');
+    }
+    if (!Number.isFinite(L_m) || L_m <= 0) {
+        throw new Error('evaluateEulerBuckling: L_m must be finite and > 0');
+    }
+    const P_N = (Math.PI ** 2 * E_Pa * I_m4) / (L_m * L_m);
+    return { E_Pa, I_m4, L_m, P_N };
+}
+//# sourceMappingURL=be78-euler-buckling.js.map

package/dist/bridges/be78-euler-buckling.js.map

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
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package/dist/bridges/be79-pull-in.d.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+/**
+ * Inputs for {@link evaluatePullIn}.
+ * @public
+ */
+export interface PullInInputs {
+    /** Linear spring stiffness, newtons per metre. */
+    readonly k_N_per_m: number;
+    /** Rest gap, metres. */
+    readonly g0_m: number;
+    /** Plate area, square metres. */
+    readonly A_m2: number;
+}
+/**
+ * Result of {@link evaluatePullIn}.
+ * @public
+ */
+export interface PullInResult {
+    readonly k_N_per_m: number;
+    readonly g0_m: number;
+    readonly A_m2: number;
+    /** Pull-in voltage, volts. The positive square root. */
+    readonly V_pi_V: number;
+}
+/**
+ * Evaluate `V_pi = √(8 k g0³ / (27 ε0 A))`.
+ *
+ * `ε0` is the vacuum permittivity. The gap at the fold is `2 g0/3`,
+ * not `g0/2`. Fringing is not in the theorem.
+ *
+ * @public
+ */
+export declare function evaluatePullIn({ k_N_per_m, g0_m, A_m2 }: PullInInputs): PullInResult;
+//# sourceMappingURL=be79-pull-in.d.ts.map

package/dist/bridges/be79-pull-in.d.ts.map

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
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package/dist/bridges/be79-pull-in.js

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+/**
+ * BE-79 — parallel-plate pull-in voltage,
+ *   V_pi² = 8 k g0³ / (27 ε0 A).
+ *
+ * C = ε0 A/g has dC/dg = −ε0 A/g². Equilibrium of a linear spring
+ * against the coenergy force is k(g0−g) = ε0 A V²/(2 g²). The fold is
+ * g = 2 g0/3. g = g0/2 is not the fold. Not a fringing field.
+ *
+ * The overlay formalRef is `PhysJS.PullIn.pull_in_eq`.
+ *
+ * @module bridges/be79-pull-in
+ */
+import { EPS0_SI } from '../dimensional/formula-names.js';
+/**
+ * Evaluate `V_pi = √(8 k g0³ / (27 ε0 A))`.
+ *
+ * `ε0` is the vacuum permittivity. The gap at the fold is `2 g0/3`,
+ * not `g0/2`. Fringing is not in the theorem.
+ *
+ * @public
+ */
+export function evaluatePullIn({ k_N_per_m, g0_m, A_m2 }) {
+    if (!Number.isFinite(k_N_per_m) || k_N_per_m <= 0) {
+        throw new Error('evaluatePullIn: k_N_per_m must be finite and > 0');
+    }
+    if (!Number.isFinite(g0_m) || g0_m <= 0) {
+        throw new Error('evaluatePullIn: g0_m must be finite and > 0');
+    }
+    if (!Number.isFinite(A_m2) || A_m2 <= 0) {
+        throw new Error('evaluatePullIn: A_m2 must be finite and > 0');
+    }
+    const V_pi_V = Math.sqrt((8 * k_N_per_m * g0_m ** 3) / (27 * EPS0_SI * A_m2));
+    return { k_N_per_m, g0_m, A_m2, V_pi_V };
+}
+//# sourceMappingURL=be79-pull-in.js.map

package/dist/bridges/be79-pull-in.js.map

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
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package/dist/bridges/be80-mott-gurney.d.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+/**
+ * BE-80 — Mott–Gurney current,
+ *   J = (9/8) ε μ V² / d³.
+ *
+ * Drift J = q n μ E and Poisson dE/dx = q n/ε give E dE/dx = J/(ε μ).
+ * With E(0) = 0 the integral is E²/2 = J x/(ε μ). The nonnegative root
+ * from 0 to d is this current. A factor other than 9/8 is not this
+ * current. Not Child–Langmuir.
+ *
+ * The overlay formalRef is `PhysJS.MottGurney.current_eq`.
+ *
+ * @module bridges/be80-mott-gurney
+ */
+/**
+ * Inputs for {@link evaluateMottGurney}.
+ * @public
+ */
+export interface MottGurneyInputs {
+    /**
+     * Permittivity of the solid, farads per metre. The key has no unit
+     * suffix: the evaluator takes the number in F/m.
+     */
+    readonly eps: number;
+    /** Drift mobility, square metres per volt-second. */
+    readonly mu_m2_per_Vs: number;
+    /** Applied voltage, volts. The formula uses V². */
+    readonly V_volts: number;
+    /** Thickness, metres. */
+    readonly d_m: number;
+}
+/**
+ * Result of {@link evaluateMottGurney}.
+ * @public
+ */
+export interface MottGurneyResult {
+    readonly eps: number;
+    readonly mu_m2_per_Vs: number;
+    readonly V_volts: number;
+    readonly d_m: number;
+    /** Current density, amperes per square metre. */
+    readonly J_A_per_m2: number;
+}
+/**
+ * Evaluate `J = (9/8) ε μ V² / d³`.
+ *
+ * Drift, Poisson, and the injecting contact E(0) = 0 are hypotheses.
+ * This is not the Child–Langmuir current.
+ *
+ * @public
+ */
+export declare function evaluateMottGurney({ eps, mu_m2_per_Vs, V_volts, d_m, }: MottGurneyInputs): MottGurneyResult;
+//# sourceMappingURL=be80-mott-gurney.d.ts.map

package/dist/bridges/be80-mott-gurney.d.ts.map

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
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package/dist/bridges/be80-mott-gurney.js

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+/**
+ * BE-80 — Mott–Gurney current,
+ *   J = (9/8) ε μ V² / d³.
+ *
+ * Drift J = q n μ E and Poisson dE/dx = q n/ε give E dE/dx = J/(ε μ).
+ * With E(0) = 0 the integral is E²/2 = J x/(ε μ). The nonnegative root
+ * from 0 to d is this current. A factor other than 9/8 is not this
+ * current. Not Child–Langmuir.
+ *
+ * The overlay formalRef is `PhysJS.MottGurney.current_eq`.
+ *
+ * @module bridges/be80-mott-gurney
+ */
+/**
+ * Evaluate `J = (9/8) ε μ V² / d³`.
+ *
+ * Drift, Poisson, and the injecting contact E(0) = 0 are hypotheses.
+ * This is not the Child–Langmuir current.
+ *
+ * @public
+ */
+export function evaluateMottGurney({ eps, mu_m2_per_Vs, V_volts, d_m, }) {
+    if (!Number.isFinite(eps) || eps <= 0) {
+        throw new Error('evaluateMottGurney: eps must be finite and > 0');
+    }
+    if (!Number.isFinite(mu_m2_per_Vs) || mu_m2_per_Vs <= 0) {
+        throw new Error('evaluateMottGurney: mu_m2_per_Vs must be finite and > 0');
+    }
+    if (!Number.isFinite(V_volts)) {
+        throw new Error('evaluateMottGurney: V_volts must be finite');
+    }
+    if (!Number.isFinite(d_m) || d_m <= 0) {
+        throw new Error('evaluateMottGurney: d_m must be finite and > 0');
+    }
+    const J_A_per_m2 = ((9 / 8) * eps * mu_m2_per_Vs * V_volts * V_volts) / d_m ** 3;
+    return { eps, mu_m2_per_Vs, V_volts, d_m, J_A_per_m2 };
+}
+//# sourceMappingURL=be80-mott-gurney.js.map

package/dist/bridges/be80-mott-gurney.js.map

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
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package/dist/bridges/be81-child-langmuir.d.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+/**
+ * Inputs for {@link evaluateChildLangmuir}.
+ * @public
+ */
+export interface ChildLangmuirInputs {
+    /** Particle mass, kilograms. */
+    readonly m_kg: number;
+    /** Anode voltage, volts. Must be positive so V^{3/2} is real. */
+    readonly V_volts: number;
+    /** Gap, metres. */
+    readonly d_m: number;
+}
+/**
+ * Result of {@link evaluateChildLangmuir}.
+ * @public
+ */
+export interface ChildLangmuirResult {
+    readonly m_kg: number;
+    readonly V_volts: number;
+    readonly d_m: number;
+    /** Current density, amperes per square metre. */
+    readonly J_A_per_m2: number;
+}
+/**
+ * Evaluate `J = (4 ε0 / 9) √(2 e / m) V^{3/2} / d²`.
+ *
+ * `e` is `E_SI`, the elementary charge, not an input and not Euler's
+ * number. `ε0` is the vacuum permittivity.
+ *
+ * @public
+ */
+export declare function evaluateChildLangmuir({ m_kg, V_volts, d_m }: ChildLangmuirInputs): ChildLangmuirResult;
+//# sourceMappingURL=be81-child-langmuir.d.ts.map

package/dist/bridges/be81-child-langmuir.d.ts.map

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
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package/dist/bridges/be81-child-langmuir.js

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+/**
+ * BE-81 — Child–Langmuir current,
+ *   J = (4 ε0 / 9) √(2 e / m) V^{3/2} / d².
+ *
+ * Collisionless energy (1/2) m v² = e φ, J = ρ v, and Poisson
+ * φ'' = ρ/ε0 give a current independent of x only for φ ∝ x^{4/3}.
+ * The profile φ = V (x/d)^{4/3} has cathode field 0. Poisson is not
+ * claimed at x = 0. `e` is the elementary charge. The Mott–Gurney
+ * exponent does not cancel. Not a drift-only solid.
+ *
+ * The overlay formalRef is `PhysJS.ChildLangmuir.current_eq`.
+ *
+ * @module bridges/be81-child-langmuir
+ */
+import { E_SI } from '../core/constants.js';
+import { EPS0_SI } from '../dimensional/formula-names.js';
+/**
+ * Evaluate `J = (4 ε0 / 9) √(2 e / m) V^{3/2} / d²`.
+ *
+ * `e` is `E_SI`, the elementary charge, not an input and not Euler's
+ * number. `ε0` is the vacuum permittivity.
+ *
+ * @public
+ */
+export function evaluateChildLangmuir({ m_kg, V_volts, d_m }) {
+    if (!Number.isFinite(m_kg) || m_kg <= 0) {
+        throw new Error('evaluateChildLangmuir: m_kg must be finite and > 0');
+    }
+    if (!Number.isFinite(V_volts) || V_volts <= 0) {
+        throw new Error('evaluateChildLangmuir: V_volts must be finite and > 0');
+    }
+    if (!Number.isFinite(d_m) || d_m <= 0) {
+        throw new Error('evaluateChildLangmuir: d_m must be finite and > 0');
+    }
+    const J_A_per_m2 = ((4 * EPS0_SI) / 9) * Math.sqrt((2 * E_SI) / m_kg) * V_volts ** 1.5 / d_m ** 2;
+    return { m_kg, V_volts, d_m, J_A_per_m2 };
+}
+//# sourceMappingURL=be81-child-langmuir.js.map

package/dist/bridges/be81-child-langmuir.js.map

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
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package/dist/bridges/be82-shockley-diode.d.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+/**
+ * Inputs for {@link evaluateShockleyDiode}.
+ * @public
+ */
+export interface ShockleyDiodeInputs {
+    /** Saturation current, amperes. */
+    readonly I_s_A: number;
+    /** Bias voltage, volts. */
+    readonly V_volts: number;
+    /** Absolute temperature, kelvin. Nonzero. */
+    readonly T_K: number;
+}
+/**
+ * Result of {@link evaluateShockleyDiode}.
+ * @public
+ */
+export interface ShockleyDiodeResult {
+    readonly I_s_A: number;
+    readonly V_volts: number;
+    readonly T_K: number;
+    /** Diode current, amperes. */
+    readonly I_A: number;
+}
+/**
+ * Evaluate `I = I_s (exp(e V / (k_B T)) − 1)` with ideality 1.
+ *
+ * `e` is the elementary charge. Euler's number is `exp`, not a bare `e`.
+ *
+ * @public
+ */
+export declare function evaluateShockleyDiode({ I_s_A, V_volts, T_K }: ShockleyDiodeInputs): ShockleyDiodeResult;
+//# sourceMappingURL=be82-shockley-diode.d.ts.map

package/dist/bridges/be82-shockley-diode.d.ts.map

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
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package/dist/bridges/be82-shockley-diode.js

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+/**
+ * BE-82 — Shockley diode equation at ideality 1,
+ *   I = I_s (exp(e V / (k_B T)) − 1).
+ *
+ * Quasi-equilibrium multiplies the equilibrium flux by
+ * exp(e V / (η k_B T)). Ideality 1 sets η = 1. Detailed balance sets
+ * the reverse flux equal to the forward flux at V = 0, and low
+ * injection keeps that reverse flux under bias. Zero bias carries zero
+ * current. Ideality 2 is not this current when e V ≠ 0. Not a
+ * diffusion-length ODE. `e` is the elementary charge.
+ *
+ * The overlay formalRef is `PhysJS.ShockleyDiode.shockley_eq`.
+ *
+ * @module bridges/be82-shockley-diode
+ */
+import { E_SI, K_B_SI } from '../core/constants.js';
+/**
+ * Evaluate `I = I_s (exp(e V / (k_B T)) − 1)` with ideality 1.
+ *
+ * `e` is the elementary charge. Euler's number is `exp`, not a bare `e`.
+ *
+ * @public
+ */
+export function evaluateShockleyDiode({ I_s_A, V_volts, T_K }) {
+    if (!Number.isFinite(I_s_A)) {
+        throw new Error('evaluateShockleyDiode: I_s_A must be finite');
+    }
+    if (!Number.isFinite(V_volts)) {
+        throw new Error('evaluateShockleyDiode: V_volts must be finite');
+    }
+    if (!Number.isFinite(T_K) || T_K === 0) {
+        throw new Error('evaluateShockleyDiode: T_K must be finite and nonzero');
+    }
+    const I_A = I_s_A * (Math.exp((E_SI * V_volts) / (K_B_SI * T_K)) - 1);
+    return { I_s_A, V_volts, T_K, I_A };
+}
+//# sourceMappingURL=be82-shockley-diode.js.map

package/dist/bridges/be82-shockley-diode.js.map

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
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