u1s1-cli 1.11.8 → 1.12.0

package/dist/model.js

@@ -1,12 +1,13 @@
 import { fetchModels, loadCustomEndpoints } from "./api.js";
 import { apiModelToDef, CUSTOM_ENDPOINTS, findModel, loadConfig, MODELS, persistPreferredModel, PROVIDER_ID, resolvePreferredModel, setModelsFromApi, } from "./config.js";
 import { siteLinks, siteOf } from "./site.js";
+import { tr } from "./i18n.js";
 /** Refresh official models while preserving the built-in list as an explicit offline fallback. */
 export async function refreshOfficialModels(cfg, fetcher = fetchModels) {
     try {
         const { models } = await fetcher(cfg);
         if (models.length === 0)
-            return "线上模型列表为空";
+            return tr("线上模型列表为空", "the online model list is empty");
         setModelsFromApi(models.map(apiModelToDef));
         return null;
     }
@@ -25,7 +26,7 @@ export async function modelCommand(nameOrAlias) {
         loadCustomEndpoints(cfg),
     ]);
     if (officialModelsError) {
-        console.error(`  获取线上模型列表失败，使用内置列表：${officialModelsError}`);
+        console.error(tr(`  获取线上模型列表失败，使用内置列表：${officialModelsError}`, `  Couldn't fetch the online model list; using the built-in list: ${officialModelsError}`));
     }
     const current = resolvePreferredModel(cfg);
     if (!nameOrAlias) {
@@ -34,26 +35,26 @@ export async function modelCommand(nameOrAlias) {
             const mark = current.provider === PROVIDER_ID && m.id === current.id ? "●" : " ";
             console.log(`  ${mark} ${m.aliases[0].padEnd(10)} ${m.name}`);
             // 价格来自网关目录;离线兜底目录不带价格,只列名字与提示
-            const price = m.cost ? `$${m.cost.input}/$${m.cost.output} 每百万 token` : "";
+            const price = m.cost ? tr(`$${m.cost.input}/$${m.cost.output} 每百万 token`, `$${m.cost.input}/$${m.cost.output} per 1M tokens`) : "";
             const detail = [m.note, price].filter(Boolean).join(" · ");
             if (detail)
                 console.log(`               ${detail}`);
         }
         for (const ep of CUSTOM_ENDPOINTS) {
             console.log("");
-            console.log(`  ─ 自定义端点 ${ep.name}(${ep.baseUrl},走本地直连不计费)`);
+            console.log(tr(`  ─ 自定义端点 ${ep.name}(${ep.baseUrl},走本地直连不计费)`, `  ─ Custom endpoint ${ep.name} (${ep.baseUrl}, direct connection, not billed)`));
             for (const m of ep.models) {
                 const mark = current.provider === ep.id && m.id === current.id ? "●" : " ";
                 console.log(`  ${mark} ${m.id.padEnd(10)} ${m.name === m.id ? "" : m.name}`);
             }
         }
         console.log("");
-        console.log("  切换:u1s1 model <model-id>(对话里 /model 同样会记住)");
+        console.log(tr("  切换:u1s1 model <model-id>(对话里 /model 同样会记住)", "  Switch: u1s1 model <model-id> (/model in a session is remembered too)"));
         if (CUSTOM_ENDPOINTS.length) {
-            console.log("  端点模型重名时可加限定:u1s1 model 端点名:模型id");
+            console.log(tr("  端点模型重名时可加限定:u1s1 model 端点名:模型id", "  If endpoint model names clash, qualify them: u1s1 model <endpoint>:<model-id>"));
         }
         else {
-            console.log(`  想接自己的 API(含本机 Ollama)?去 ${siteLinks(siteOf(cfg)).dashboard} 配「自定义模型端点」`);
+            console.log(tr(`  想接自己的 API(含本机 Ollama)?去 ${siteLinks(siteOf(cfg)).dashboard} 配「自定义模型端点」`, `  Want to use your own API (including local Ollama)? Add a custom model endpoint at ${siteLinks(siteOf(cfg)).dashboard}`));
         }
         console.log("");
         return;
@@ -62,14 +63,14 @@ export async function modelCommand(nameOrAlias) {
     if (!m) {
         const custom = CUSTOM_ENDPOINTS.flatMap((e) => e.models.map((x) => x.id));
         const all = [...MODELS.map((x) => x.aliases[0]), ...custom];
-        console.error(`  没有叫「${nameOrAlias}」的模型,可选:${all.join(" / ")}`);
+        console.error(tr(`  没有叫「${nameOrAlias}」的模型,可选:${all.join(" / ")}`, `  No model named "${nameOrAlias}". Available: ${all.join(" / ")}`));
         process.exit(1);
     }
     persistPreferredModel(cfg, m.provider, m.id);
     if (m.provider === PROVIDER_ID) {
-        console.log(`  ✓ 默认模型已切到 ${m.model.name}${m.model.note ? `(${m.model.note})` : ""}`);
+        console.log(tr(`  ✓ 默认模型已切到 ${m.model.name}${m.model.note ? `(${m.model.note})` : ""}`, `  ✓ Default model set to ${m.model.name}${m.model.note ? ` (${m.model.note})` : ""}`));
     }
     else {
-        console.log(`  ✓ 默认模型已切到 ${m.model.name}(自定义端点 ${m.providerName},本地直连不计费)`);
+        console.log(tr(`  ✓ 默认模型已切到 ${m.model.name}(自定义端点 ${m.providerName},本地直连不计费)`, `  ✓ Default model set to ${m.model.name} (custom endpoint ${m.providerName}, direct connection, not billed)`));
     }
 }

package/dist/nudges.d.ts

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import type { SiteId } from "./site.js";
 /**
  * 「只提示一次」的机器级标记,落在 ~/.u1s1/nudges.json,CLI 与桌面版共用
  * (桌面版经 u1s1-cli/embed 拿到同一份 helper)。值是 ISO 时间戳,便于事后
@@ -16,6 +17,11 @@ export declare const nudgesFile: string;
 export declare function readNudges(file?: string): NudgeState;
 export declare function hasNudge(key: NudgeKey, file?: string): boolean;
 export declare function markNudge(key: NudgeKey, file?: string): void;
-/** 会话里首次写/改文件后要不要提示 deploy:没提示过、也没部署过才提示。 */
-export declare function shouldShowDeployHint(file?: string): boolean;
+/**
+ * 会话里首次写/改文件后要不要提示 deploy:没提示过、也没部署过才提示。
+ * 国际站没有站点托管(网关拒绝 deploy),一律不提示。
+ */
+export declare function shouldShowDeployHint(file?: string, site?: SiteId): boolean;
+/** 老导出,固定中文;新代码用 deployHintText()(按当前语言现取)。 */
 export declare const DEPLOY_HINT_TEXT = "\u505A\u597D\u4E86\u60F3\u7ED9\u670B\u53CB\u770B\uFF1F\u8F93\u5165 /exit \u56DE\u5230\u7EC8\u7AEF,\u8FD0\u884C u1s1 deploy \u4E00\u952E\u4E0A\u7EBF";
+export declare function deployHintText(): string;

package/dist/nudges.js

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import { mkdirSync, readFileSync, writeFileSync } from "node:fs";
 import { join } from "node:path";
-import { u1s1Dir } from "./config.js";
+import { activeSite, u1s1Dir } from "./config.js";
+import { tr } from "./i18n.js";
 export const nudgesFile = join(u1s1Dir, "nudges.json");
 export function readNudges(file = nudgesFile) {
     try {
@@ -32,9 +33,27 @@ export function markNudge(key, file = nudgesFile) {
         // ignore
     }
 }
-/** 会话里首次写/改文件后要不要提示 deploy:没提示过、也没部署过才提示。 */
-export function shouldShowDeployHint(file = nudgesFile) {
+/**
+ * 会话里首次写/改文件后要不要提示 deploy:没提示过、也没部署过才提示。
+ * 国际站没有站点托管(网关拒绝 deploy),一律不提示。
+ */
+export function shouldShowDeployHint(file = nudgesFile, site) {
+    let siteId = site;
+    if (!siteId) {
+        try {
+            siteId = activeSite().id;
+        }
+        catch {
+            siteId = "cn";
+        }
+    }
+    if (siteId === "intl")
+        return false;
     const state = readNudges(file);
     return state.deploy_hint_shown === undefined && state.deploy_done === undefined;
 }
+/** 老导出,固定中文;新代码用 deployHintText()(按当前语言现取)。 */
 export const DEPLOY_HINT_TEXT = "做好了想给朋友看？输入 /exit 回到终端,运行 u1s1 deploy 一键上线";
+export function deployHintText() {
+    return tr(DEPLOY_HINT_TEXT, "Want to show it off? Type /exit to return to the terminal, then run u1s1 deploy to publish it.");
+}

package/dist/search-tools.js

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import { join } from "node:path";
 import { Readable, Transform } from "node:stream";
 import { pipeline } from "node:stream/promises";
 import { agentDir } from "./config.js";
+import { tr } from "./i18n.js";
 /**
  * 预 seed pi 的搜索组件(fd / ripgrep)到 ~/.u1s1/agent/bin。
  *
@@ -104,7 +105,7 @@ function findBinary(root, name) {
 async function install(tool, baseUrl, binName) {
     const asset = tool.asset(tool.version);
     if (!asset)
-        throw new Error(`不支持的平台 ${platform()}/${arch()}`);
+        throw new Error(tr(`不支持的平台 ${platform()}/${arch()}`, `Unsupported platform ${platform()}/${arch()}`));
     mkdirSync(binDir, { recursive: true });
     const res = await fetch(new URL(`/tools/${asset}`, baseUrl), {
         signal: AbortSignal.timeout(DOWNLOAD_TIMEOUT_MS),
@@ -114,7 +115,7 @@ async function install(tool, baseUrl, binName) {
     const declaredLength = Number(res.headers.get("content-length"));
     if (Number.isFinite(declaredLength) && declaredLength > MAX_TOOL_ARCHIVE_BYTES) {
         void res.body.cancel("tool archive exceeded limit").catch(() => { });
-        throw new Error(`下载文件超过 ${MAX_TOOL_ARCHIVE_BYTES} bytes`);
+        throw new Error(tr(`下载文件超过 ${MAX_TOOL_ARCHIVE_BYTES} bytes`, `Download exceeds ${MAX_TOOL_ARCHIVE_BYTES} bytes`));
     }
     const archive = join(binDir, asset);
     // fd/rg 并行安装,解压目录按工具名+pid 隔离,避免互踩
@@ -130,10 +131,10 @@ async function install(tool, baseUrl, binName) {
         await pipeline(Readable.fromWeb(res.body), limiter, createWriteStream(archive));
         mkdirSync(extractDir, { recursive: true });
         if (!extract(archive, extractDir))
-            throw new Error(`解压失败 ${asset}`);
+            throw new Error(tr(`解压失败 ${asset}`, `Failed to extract ${asset}`));
         const found = findBinary(extractDir, binName);
         if (!found)
-            throw new Error(`包内没有 ${binName}`);
+            throw new Error(tr(`包内没有 ${binName}`, `${binName} not found in the archive`));
         renameSync(found, join(binDir, binName));
         if (platform() !== "win32")
             chmodSync(join(binDir, binName), 0o755);
@@ -151,10 +152,10 @@ export async function ensureSearchTools(cfg) {
         if (missing.length === 0)
             return;
         // 这是新手首启最早看到的输出之一:说清是首次准备、不用管;fd/rg 等术语不外露
-        console.log("  首次运行,正在准备文件搜索组件(只需一次)…");
+        console.log(tr("  首次运行,正在准备文件搜索组件(只需一次)…", "  First run: setting up file search components (one-time)…"));
         const results = await Promise.allSettled(missing.map((t) => install(t, cfg.baseUrl, t.bin + ext)));
         if (results.some((r) => r.status === "rejected")) {
-            console.log("  部分搜索组件暂时没装上,不影响使用,之后会自动重试。");
+            console.log(tr("  部分搜索组件暂时没装上,不影响使用,之后会自动重试。", "  Some search components couldn't be installed yet. You can keep working; we'll retry automatically later."));
         }
     }
     catch {

package/dist/shell-doctor.js

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import { spawn } from "node:child_process";
 import { existsSync, mkdirSync, readFileSync, writeFileSync } from "node:fs";
 import { join, win32 } from "node:path";
 import { agentDir, agentSettingsFile } from "./config.js";
+import { tr } from "./i18n.js";
 /** System32/Sysnative 的 bash.exe 是 WSL 转发器,不是真 bash(与 pi 同款判断)。 */
 function isWslRelayBash(p) {
     const normalized = p.replace(/\//g, "\\").toLowerCase();
@@ -139,8 +140,8 @@ function persistShellPath(p) {
     return true;
 }
 function adviseInstallGitBash() {
-    console.error("  ⚠ 未找到 Git Bash,将使用 WSL 的 bash:命令会在 WSL 的 Linux 里执行,不是 Windows 本机。");
-    console.error("    建议安装 Git for Windows(PowerShell 运行: winget install --id Git.Git)后重启 u1s1。");
+    console.error(tr("  ⚠ 未找到 Git Bash,将使用 WSL 的 bash:命令会在 WSL 的 Linux 里执行,不是 Windows 本机。", "  ⚠ Git Bash not found; using WSL's bash. Commands will run inside WSL's Linux, not natively on Windows."));
+    console.error(tr("    建议安装 Git for Windows(PowerShell 运行: winget install --id Git.Git)后重启 u1s1。", "    We recommend installing Git for Windows (in PowerShell: winget install --id Git.Git), then restarting u1s1."));
 }
 export async function ensureUsableShell() {
     if (process.platform !== "win32")
@@ -164,7 +165,7 @@ export async function ensureUsableShell() {
         const candidate = await findUsableGitBash();
         if (candidate) {
             persistShellPath(candidate);
-            console.error(`  检测到 Git Bash,命令改回 Windows 本机执行: ${candidate}`);
+            console.error(tr(`  检测到 Git Bash,命令改回 Windows 本机执行: ${candidate}`, `  Found Git Bash; commands will run natively on Windows again: ${candidate}`));
             return { status: "bash", shellPath: candidate };
         }
         adviseInstallGitBash();
@@ -175,7 +176,7 @@ export async function ensureUsableShell() {
     const adopt = (candidate) => {
         persistShellPath(candidate);
         if (typeof configured === "string") {
-            console.error(`  原 shellPath 已失效,自动改用: ${candidate}`);
+            console.error(tr(`  原 shellPath 已失效,自动改用: ${candidate}`, `  The configured shellPath no longer works; switched to: ${candidate}`));
         }
         return { status: "bash", shellPath: candidate };
     };
@@ -195,14 +196,14 @@ export async function ensureUsableShell() {
         return { status: "bash", shellPath: fallback };
     }
     if (fallback) {
-        console.error(`  ⚠ 检测到的 bash(${fallback})无法执行命令,u1s1 的命令工具会全部失败。`);
+        console.error(tr(`  ⚠ 检测到的 bash(${fallback})无法执行命令,u1s1 的命令工具会全部失败。`, `  ⚠ The bash found (${fallback}) can't run commands, so all of u1s1's command tools will fail.`));
         if (isWslRelayBash(fallback)) {
-            console.error("    它是 WSL 转发器,当前默认发行版里没有 /bin/bash(docker-desktop 被设为默认时就会这样)。");
+            console.error(tr("    它是 WSL 转发器,当前默认发行版里没有 /bin/bash(docker-desktop 被设为默认时就会这样)。", "    It's the WSL relay, and the default distro has no /bin/bash (this happens when docker-desktop is the default)."));
         }
     }
     else {
-        console.error("  ⚠ 没找到 bash,u1s1 无法执行命令。");
+        console.error(tr("  ⚠ 没找到 bash,u1s1 无法执行命令。", "  ⚠ No bash found; u1s1 can't run commands."));
     }
-    console.error("    修复:PowerShell 里运行 winget install --id Git.Git 安装 Git for Windows,装完重启 u1s1。");
+    console.error(tr("    修复:PowerShell 里运行 winget install --id Git.Git 安装 Git for Windows,装完重启 u1s1。", "    Fix: in PowerShell, run winget install --id Git.Git to install Git for Windows, then restart u1s1."));
     return { status: "none" };
 }

package/dist/subagent.js

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { createAgentSession, DefaultResourceLoader, getAgentDir, hasTrustRequiringProjectResources, ModelRuntime, ProjectTrustStore, SessionManager, SettingsManager, } from "@earendil-works/pi-coding-agent";
+import { tr } from "./i18n.js";
 // ---- 子 agent spawn 基础设施:spawn_subagent 工具与 workflow runner 共用 ----
 /** 同时在跑的子 agent 上限;超额排队,防止打爆网关。 */
 export const SUBAGENT_CONCURRENCY = 4;
@@ -20,7 +21,7 @@ export function resolveStoredProjectTrust(cwd, agentDir = getAgentDir()) {
     return new ProjectTrustStore(agentDir).get(cwd) === true;
 }
 function cancelledError(signal) {
-    return new Error("已取消", { cause: signal.reason });
+    return new Error(tr("已取消", "Cancelled"), { cause: signal.reason });
 }
 /**
  * Run one prompt while preserving the reason that stopped it. AgentSession.abort()
@@ -54,7 +55,7 @@ export async function promptSubagentSession(session, task, options) {
     if (options.signal?.aborted)
         throw cancelledError(options.signal);
     if (timedOut)
-        throw new Error(`子任务超时(${options.timeoutMs}ms)`, { cause: promptError });
+        throw new Error(tr(`子任务超时(${options.timeoutMs}ms)`, `Subtask timed out (${options.timeoutMs}ms)`), { cause: promptError });
     if (promptError)
         throw promptError;
 }
@@ -72,7 +73,7 @@ function extractFinalText(messages) {
         if (text)
             return text;
     }
-    return "(子 agent 结束但没有文本输出)";
+    return tr("(子 agent 结束但没有文本输出)", "(sub-agent finished without any text output)");
 }
 /**
  * 汇总会话内全部 assistant 消息的 token 与费用。
@@ -123,7 +124,7 @@ export async function runSubagent(opts) {
             sharedModelRuntime.getModel(providerId, modelId) ??
                 (slash === -1 ? sharedModelRuntime.getModel("u1s1", opts.model) : undefined);
         if (!model)
-            throw new Error(`找不到模型 "${opts.model}"(可用 /model 查看已配置的模型)`);
+            throw new Error(tr(`找不到模型 "${opts.model}"(可用 /model 查看已配置的模型)`, `Model "${opts.model}" not found (use /model to see configured models)`));
     }
     else if (opts.parentModel) {
         // 继承主会话模型;解析不到(端点被删等)就落回默认,不硬失败

package/dist/tools.js

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import { contextProjectTrust, runPool, runSubagent, SUBAGENT_CONCURRENCY, SUBAGE
 import { Text } from "@earendil-works/pi-tui";
 import { Type } from "typebox";
 import { generateImage, renderPage, searchWeb } from "./api.js";
+import { tr } from "./i18n.js";
 const FETCH_TIMEOUT_MS = 20_000;
 const MAX_FETCH_BYTES = 2_000_000;
 const MAX_TEXT_CHARS = 30_000;
@@ -38,7 +39,7 @@ function htmlToText(html) {
 export function truncate(text) {
     if (text.length <= MAX_TEXT_CHARS)
         return text;
-    return `${text.slice(0, MAX_TEXT_CHARS)}\n\n…（内容过长已截断，共 ${text.length} 字符）`;
+    return `${text.slice(0, MAX_TEXT_CHARS)}\n\n${tr(`…（内容过长已截断，共 ${text.length} 字符）`, `… (truncated; ${text.length} characters total)`)}`;
 }
 /**
  * 长网页按 30k 字符开窗返回:光截断而不给「怎么读下一段」,模型会拿前 30k 硬答
@@ -50,10 +51,10 @@ export function windowText(text, offset) {
     const body = text.slice(start, end);
     if (start === 0 && end === text.length)
         return { text: body, truncated: false, nextOffset: null };
-    const head = start > 0 ? `（从第 ${start} 字符起继续）\n\n` : "";
+    const head = start > 0 ? tr(`（从第 ${start} 字符起继续）\n\n`, `(continuing from character ${start})\n\n`) : "";
     const tail = end < text.length
-        ? `\n\n…（内容过长已截断：本次为第 ${start}–${end} 字符，共 ${text.length} 字符；要继续读取，用同一 url 再调一次 web_fetch 并传 offset=${end}）`
-        : `\n\n（已到末尾：第 ${start}–${end} 字符，共 ${text.length} 字符）`;
+        ? tr(`\n\n…（内容过长已截断：本次为第 ${start}–${end} 字符，共 ${text.length} 字符；要继续读取，用同一 url 再调一次 web_fetch 并传 offset=${end}）`, `\n\n… (truncated: this is characters ${start}–${end} of ${text.length}; to keep reading, call web_fetch again with the same url and offset=${end})`)
+        : tr(`\n\n（已到末尾：第 ${start}–${end} 字符，共 ${text.length} 字符）`, `\n\n(end of page: characters ${start}–${end} of ${text.length})`);
     return { text: `${head}${body}${tail}`, truncated: end < text.length, nextOffset: end < text.length ? end : null };
 }
 /** 同一页面带 offset 续读时直接命中,不再重新抓取(云端渲染是按次计费的)。 */
@@ -159,7 +160,7 @@ const SEARCH_QUERY_MAX_CHARS = 100;
 export function createSearchTool(cfg) {
     return defineTool({
         name: "web_search",
-        label: "联网搜索",
+        label: tr("联网搜索", "Web search"),
         description: "Search the web for current information. Use it for anything time-sensitive or outside the codebase: library docs, error messages, latest versions, recent events. Returns a short answer plus ranked results with URLs and snippets. Follow up with web_fetch to read a promising result in full.",
         promptSnippet: "Search the internet for up-to-date information (docs, errors, versions, current events)",
         promptGuidelines: [
@@ -181,8 +182,8 @@ export function createSearchTool(cfg) {
             const [result, options, theme, context] = args;
             const d = result.details;
             const q = d?.query ? `"${previewLine(d.query, 80)}"` : "…";
-            const n = typeof d?.count === "number" ? ` · ${d.count} 条结果` : "";
-            return compactResultRender({ result, options, theme, context, summaryLine: `🔍 搜索 ${q}${n}` });
+            const n = typeof d?.count === "number" ? tr(` · ${d.count} 条结果`, ` · ${d.count} result${d.count === 1 ? "" : "s"}`) : "";
+            return compactResultRender({ result, options, theme, context, summaryLine: tr(`🔍 搜索 ${q}${n}`, `🔍 Search ${q}${n}`) });
         },
         async execute(_toolCallId, params, signal) {
             const data = await searchWeb(cfg, { query: params.query, maxResults: params.maxResults, signal });
@@ -215,7 +216,7 @@ const SUBAGENT_MAX_TASKS = 10;
 export function createSubagentTool(getParentModel) {
     return defineTool({
         name: "spawn_subagent",
-        label: "子任务",
+        label: tr("子任务", "Subtask"),
         description: "Spawn an independent sub-agent with its own context window to complete a self-contained task, then return its final answer. " +
             "Pass `tasks` (array) to run N sub-agents concurrently — ideal for embarrassingly parallel work like translating many locale files, " +
             "reviewing several files, or researching multiple directions at once. Each sub-agent can read/write files and run commands. " +
@@ -250,10 +251,10 @@ export function createSubagentTool(getParentModel) {
             const [result, options, theme, context] = args;
             const d = result.details;
             const summary = d && typeof d.count === "number"
-                ? `🤖 子任务 ×${d.count}` +
+                ? tr(`🤖 子任务 ×${d.count}`, `🤖 Subtasks ×${d.count}`) +
                     (typeof d.ok === "number" && d.failed ? ` · ✓${d.ok} ✗${d.failed}` : "") +
                     (typeof d.seconds === "number" ? ` · ${d.seconds}s` : "")
-                : "🤖 子任务";
+                : tr("🤖 子任务", "🤖 Subtask");
             return compactResultRender({ result, options, theme, context, summaryLine: summary });
         },
         async execute(_toolCallId, params, signal, _onUpdate, ctx) {
@@ -264,7 +265,7 @@ export function createSubagentTool(getParentModel) {
                 .filter(Boolean)
                 .slice(0, SUBAGENT_MAX_TASKS);
             if (list.length === 0) {
-                throw new Error("task 和 tasks 至少填一个");
+                throw new Error(tr("task 和 tasks 至少填一个", "Provide at least one of task or tasks"));
             }
             const parentModel = getParentModel();
             const timeoutMs = Math.min(60, params.timeout_minutes ?? SUBAGENT_TIMEOUT_MS / 60_000) * 60_000;
@@ -299,10 +300,13 @@ export function createSubagentTool(getParentModel) {
                     details: { ...details, seconds: undefined },
                 };
             }
-            const lines = [`共 ${list.length} 个子任务,✓${details.ok} ✗${details.failed},用时 ${seconds}s`, ""];
+            const lines = [
+                tr(`共 ${list.length} 个子任务,✓${details.ok} ✗${details.failed},用时 ${seconds}s`, `${list.length} subtasks, ✓${details.ok} ✗${details.failed}, took ${seconds}s`),
+                "",
+            ];
             outcomes.forEach((o, i) => {
-                lines.push(`## 任务 ${i + 1}/${list.length} ${o?.ok ? "✅" : "❌"}`, "");
-                lines.push(o?.ok ? o.text : `失败:${o?.text ?? "未知错误"}`, "", "---", "");
+                lines.push(tr(`## 任务 ${i + 1}/${list.length} ${o?.ok ? "✅" : "❌"}`, `## Task ${i + 1}/${list.length} ${o?.ok ? "✅" : "❌"}`), "");
+                lines.push(o?.ok ? o.text : tr(`失败:${o?.text ?? "未知错误"}`, `Failed: ${o?.text ?? "unknown error"}`), "", "---", "");
             });
             return {
                 content: [{ type: "text", text: truncate(lines.join("\n").trim()) }],
@@ -333,12 +337,13 @@ function refImageToPayload(ref) {
         return s;
     const path = resolve(s);
     if (!existsSync(path))
-        throw new Error(`参考图不存在: ${s}`);
+        throw new Error(tr(`参考图不存在: ${s}`, `Reference image not found: ${s}`));
     const mime = REF_IMAGE_MIME[extname(path).toLowerCase()];
-    if (!mime)
-        throw new Error(`参考图格式不支持: ${s}(支持 png/jpg/jpeg/webp/bmp/gif)`);
+    if (!mime) {
+        throw new Error(tr(`参考图格式不支持: ${s}(支持 png/jpg/jpeg/webp/bmp/gif)`, `Unsupported reference image format: ${s} (supported: png/jpg/jpeg/webp/bmp/gif)`));
+    }
     if (statSync(path).size > MAX_REF_IMAGE_BYTES)
-        throw new Error(`参考图超过 10MB: ${s}`);
+        throw new Error(tr(`参考图超过 10MB: ${s}`, `Reference image exceeds 10MB: ${s}`));
     return `data:${mime};base64,${readFileSync(path).toString("base64")}`;
 }
 /** 结果落盘路径:模型没指定时按时间戳起名,已存在就加序号,不覆盖旧图。 */
@@ -380,12 +385,16 @@ async function abortableDelay(ms, signal) {
 }
 class GeneratedImageTooLargeError extends Error {
 }
+function imageTooLargeMessage(maxBytes) {
+    const mib = Math.floor(maxBytes / 1024 / 1024);
+    return tr(`图片文件超过下载上限 ${mib} MiB`, `the image file exceeds the ${mib} MiB download limit`);
+}
 async function readGeneratedImageBody(resp, maxBytes) {
     const declaredLength = Number(resp.headers.get("content-length"));
     if (Number.isFinite(declaredLength) && declaredLength > maxBytes) {
         if (resp.body)
             void resp.body.cancel("generated image body limit reached").catch(() => { });
-        throw new GeneratedImageTooLargeError(`图片文件超过下载上限 ${Math.floor(maxBytes / 1024 / 1024)} MiB`);
+        throw new GeneratedImageTooLargeError(imageTooLargeMessage(maxBytes));
     }
     if (!resp.body)
         return new Uint8Array();
@@ -399,7 +408,7 @@ async function readGeneratedImageBody(resp, maxBytes) {
                 break;
             if (total + value.byteLength > maxBytes) {
                 void reader.cancel("generated image body limit reached").catch(() => { });
-                throw new GeneratedImageTooLargeError(`图片文件超过下载上限 ${Math.floor(maxBytes / 1024 / 1024)} MiB`);
+                throw new GeneratedImageTooLargeError(imageTooLargeMessage(maxBytes));
             }
             chunks.push(value);
             total += value.byteLength;
@@ -444,21 +453,22 @@ export async function downloadGeneratedImage(url, signal, options = {}) {
             if (signal.aborted)
                 throw error;
             if (error instanceof GeneratedImageTooLargeError) {
-                throw new Error(`图片已经生成,但${error.message}。不要重新调用 generate_image,可在 24 小时内手动下载: ${url}`, { cause: error });
+                throw new Error(tr(`图片已经生成,但${error.message}。不要重新调用 generate_image,可在 24 小时内手动下载: ${url}`, `The image was generated, but ${error.message}. Do not call generate_image again; it can be downloaded manually within 24 hours: ${url}`), { cause: error });
             }
             lastError = error;
             if (attempt < attempts)
                 await abortableDelay(retryDelayMs * attempt, signal);
         }
     }
-    throw new Error(`图片已经生成,但下载失败(同一地址已重试 ${attempts} 次): ${errorDetail(lastError)}。` +
-        `不要重新调用 generate_image,可在 24 小时内手动下载: ${url}`, { cause: lastError });
+    throw new Error(tr(`图片已经生成,但下载失败(同一地址已重试 ${attempts} 次): ${errorDetail(lastError)}。` +
+        `不要重新调用 generate_image,可在 24 小时内手动下载: ${url}`, `The image was generated, but downloading it failed (retried the same URL ${attempts} times): ${errorDetail(lastError)}. ` +
+        `Do not call generate_image again; it can be downloaded manually within 24 hours: ${url}`), { cause: lastError });
 }
 /** 生图工具:走 u1s1 网关代理火山方舟 Seedream,上游 key 不落到用户机器上。 */
 export function createImageTool(cfg) {
     return defineTool({
         name: "generate_image",
-        label: "生成图片",
+        label: tr("生成图片", "Generate image"),
         description: "Generate an image from a text prompt, or edit/compose existing images, using the Seedream image model. " +
             "Saves the result as a local image file and displays it directly in supported chat UIs. " +
             "Pass local file paths or http(s) URLs in `images` to edit an image or use references (style transfer, adding elements, combining up to 10 images). " +
@@ -499,7 +509,9 @@ export function createImageTool(cfg) {
             const sizeNote = result.size ? ` (${result.size})` : "";
             const mimeType = REF_IMAGE_MIME[urlExt] ?? "image/jpeg";
             return {
-                content: [{ type: "text", text: `图片已保存并在对话中展示: ${path}${sizeNote}` }],
+                content: [
+                    { type: "text", text: tr(`图片已保存并在对话中展示: ${path}${sizeNote}`, `Image saved and shown in the chat: ${path}${sizeNote}`) },
+                ],
                 // displayImage 只给 UI 预览，不放进 content：避免每轮都把整张 2K/4K
                 // 图片送回模型占用 context。pi-web-ui 会从 tool details 序列化它。
                 details: {
@@ -541,16 +553,16 @@ async function fetchDirect(url, signal) {
         // 用户主动打断不算失败,直接往外抛,不去碰云端渲染
         if (signal?.aborted)
             throw e;
-        throw new DirectFetchError(`打不开 ${url.href}: ${e.message}`, true);
+        throw new DirectFetchError(tr(`打不开 ${url.href}: ${e.message}`, `Couldn't open ${url.href}: ${e.message}`), true);
     }
     if (!resp.ok) {
         void resp.body?.cancel("web fetch rejected HTTP response").catch(() => undefined);
-        throw new DirectFetchError(`${url.href} 返回 ${resp.status} ${resp.statusText}`, RENDER_WORTHY_STATUS.has(resp.status));
+        throw new DirectFetchError(tr(`${url.href} 返回 ${resp.status} ${resp.statusText}`, `${url.href} returned ${resp.status} ${resp.statusText}`), RENDER_WORTHY_STATUS.has(resp.status));
     }
     const type = resp.headers.get("content-type") ?? "";
     if (!/text\/|json|xml|javascript/i.test(type)) {
         void resp.body?.cancel("web fetch rejected non-text response").catch(() => undefined);
-        throw new DirectFetchError(`${url.href} 不是文本内容 (${type || "unknown"}),读不了`, false);
+        throw new DirectFetchError(tr(`${url.href} 不是文本内容 (${type || "unknown"}),读不了`, `${url.href} is not text content (${type || "unknown"}); can't read it`), false);
     }
     let bytes;
     try {
@@ -560,7 +572,7 @@ async function fetchDirect(url, signal) {
         if (signal?.aborted)
             throw error;
         const detail = error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error);
-        throw new DirectFetchError(`${url.href} 正文读取失败: ${detail}`, true);
+        throw new DirectFetchError(tr(`${url.href} 正文读取失败: ${detail}`, `Failed to read the body of ${url.href}: ${detail}`), true);
     }
     const raw = decodeBody(bytes, type);
     const isHtml = /html|xml/i.test(type);
@@ -580,7 +592,7 @@ export function createFetchTool(cfg) {
     }
     return defineTool({
         name: "web_fetch",
-        label: "读取网页",
+        label: tr("读取网页", "Fetch page"),
         description: "Fetch a URL and return its readable text content (HTML is stripped to text; JSON and plain text are returned as-is). Use it to read a page found via web_search, or any URL the user pasted. If the direct fetch fails or the page needs JavaScript, it automatically retries through a cloud browser that can also clear bot-check interstitials. Long pages are returned in 30,000-character windows: when the result says it was truncated, call again with the same url and the offset it gives to read the next part.",
         promptSnippet: "Fetch a URL and convert it to readable text",
         promptGuidelines: [
@@ -602,9 +614,13 @@ export function createFetchTool(cfg) {
             const [result, options, theme, context] = args;
             const d = result.details;
             const u = previewLine(d?.url ?? "…", 90);
-            const n = typeof d?.chars === "number" ? ` · ${d.chars} 字符` : "";
-            const win = d?.offset ? ` · 从第 ${d.offset} 字符续读` : d?.truncated ? " · 只读了开头" : "";
-            const cloud = d?.via === "render" ? " · ☁ 浏览器渲染" : "";
+            const n = typeof d?.chars === "number" ? tr(` · ${d.chars} 字符`, ` · ${d.chars} chars`) : "";
+            const win = d?.offset
+                ? tr(` · 从第 ${d.offset} 字符续读`, ` · continued from char ${d.offset}`)
+                : d?.truncated
+                    ? tr(" · 只读了开头", " · first part only")
+                    : "";
+            const cloud = d?.via === "render" ? tr(" · ☁ 浏览器渲染", " · ☁ browser render") : "";
             return compactResultRender({ result, options, theme, context, summaryLine: `🌐 ${u}${n}${win}${cloud}` });
         },
         async execute(_toolCallId, params, signal) {
@@ -614,15 +630,15 @@ export function createFetchTool(cfg) {
                 url = new URL(params.url.trim().replace(/^@/, ""));
             }
             catch {
-                throw new Error(`不是合法的网址: ${params.url}`);
+                throw new Error(tr(`不是合法的网址: ${params.url}`, `Not a valid URL: ${params.url}`));
             }
             if (url.protocol !== "http:" && url.protocol !== "https:") {
-                throw new Error(`只支持 http/https,收到 ${url.protocol}`);
+                throw new Error(tr(`只支持 http/https,收到 ${url.protocol}`, `Only http/https is supported; got ${url.protocol}`));
             }
             const offset = Math.max(0, Math.floor(params.offset ?? 0));
             const ok = (text, via, contentType) => {
                 rememberPage(url.href, { text, via, contentType });
-                const win = windowText(text || "(空白页面)", offset);
+                const win = windowText(text || tr("(空白页面)", "(empty page)"), offset);
                 return {
                     content: [{ type: "text", text: `# ${url.href}\n\n${win.text}` }],
                     details: { url: url.href, contentType, via, chars: text.length, offset, truncated: win.truncated, nextOffset: win.nextOffset },
@@ -643,7 +659,7 @@ export function createFetchTool(cfg) {
                     return ok(await renderViaGateway(url, signal), "render", "text/markdown");
                 }
                 catch (re) {
-                    throw new Error(`${e.message}；云端浏览器渲染也失败: ${re.message}`, { cause: re });
+                    throw new Error(tr(`${e.message}；云端浏览器渲染也失败: ${re.message}`, `${e.message}; cloud browser rendering also failed: ${re.message}`), { cause: re });
                 }
             }
             // 直连 200 但正文近乎空:大概率是 JS 渲染的 SPA,换浏览器再试;渲染失败就退回空壳