tulingcode 0.1.0

package/src/lsp/server.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,1956 @@
+import type { ChildProcessWithoutNullStreams } from "child_process"
+import path from "path"
+import os from "os"
+import { Global } from "../global"
+import { Log } from "../util"
+import { text } from "node:stream/consumers"
+import fs from "fs/promises"
+import { Filesystem } from "../util"
+import type { InstanceContext } from "../project/instance"
+import { Flag } from "../flag/flag"
+import { Archive } from "../util"
+import { Process } from "../util"
+import { which } from "../util/which"
+import { Module } from "@tuling-ai/shared/util/module"
+import { spawn } from "./launch"
+import { Npm } from "../npm"
+
+const log = Log.create({ service: "lsp.server" })
+const pathExists = async (p: string) =>
+  fs
+    .stat(p)
+    .then(() => true)
+    .catch(() => false)
+const run = (cmd: string[], opts: Process.RunOptions = {}) => Process.run(cmd, { ...opts, nothrow: true })
+const output = (cmd: string[], opts: Process.RunOptions = {}) => Process.text(cmd, { ...opts, nothrow: true })
+
+export interface Handle {
+  process: ChildProcessWithoutNullStreams
+  initialization?: Record<string, any>
+}
+
+type RootFunction = (file: string, ctx: InstanceContext) => Promise<string | undefined>
+
+const NearestRoot = (includePatterns: string[], excludePatterns?: string[]): RootFunction => {
+  return async (file, ctx) => {
+    if (excludePatterns) {
+      const excludedFiles = Filesystem.up({
+        targets: excludePatterns,
+        start: path.dirname(file),
+        stop: ctx.directory,
+      })
+      const excluded = await excludedFiles.next()
+      await excludedFiles.return()
+      if (excluded.value) return undefined
+    }
+    const files = Filesystem.up({
+      targets: includePatterns,
+      start: path.dirname(file),
+      stop: ctx.directory,
+    })
+    const first = await files.next()
+    await files.return()
+    if (!first.value) return ctx.directory
+    return path.dirname(first.value)
+  }
+}
+
+export interface Info {
+  id: string
+  extensions: string[]
+  global?: boolean
+  root: RootFunction
+  spawn(root: string, ctx: InstanceContext): Promise<Handle | undefined>
+}
+
+export const Deno: Info = {
+  id: "deno",
+  root: async (file, ctx) => {
+    const files = Filesystem.up({
+      targets: ["deno.json", "deno.jsonc"],
+      start: path.dirname(file),
+      stop: ctx.directory,
+    })
+    const first = await files.next()
+    await files.return()
+    if (!first.value) return undefined
+    return path.dirname(first.value)
+  },
+  extensions: [".ts", ".tsx", ".js", ".jsx", ".mjs"],
+  async spawn(root) {
+    const deno = which("deno")
+    if (!deno) {
+      log.info("deno not found, please install deno first")
+      return
+    }
+    return {
+      process: spawn(deno, ["lsp"], {
+        cwd: root,
+      }),
+    }
+  },
+}
+
+export const Typescript: Info = {
+  id: "typescript",
+  root: NearestRoot(
+    ["package-lock.json", "bun.lockb", "bun.lock", "pnpm-lock.yaml", "yarn.lock"],
+    ["deno.json", "deno.jsonc"],
+  ),
+  extensions: [".ts", ".tsx", ".js", ".jsx", ".mjs", ".cjs", ".mts", ".cts"],
+  async spawn(root, ctx) {
+    const tsserver = Module.resolve("typescript/lib/tsserver.js", ctx.directory)
+    log.info("typescript server", { tsserver })
+    if (!tsserver) return
+    const bin = await Npm.which("typescript-language-server")
+    if (!bin) return
+    const proc = spawn(bin, ["--stdio"], {
+      cwd: root,
+      env: {
+        ...process.env,
+      },
+    })
+    return {
+      process: proc,
+      initialization: {
+        tsserver: {
+          path: tsserver,
+        },
+      },
+    }
+  },
+}
+
+export const Vue: Info = {
+  id: "vue",
+  extensions: [".vue"],
+  root: NearestRoot(["package-lock.json", "bun.lockb", "bun.lock", "pnpm-lock.yaml", "yarn.lock"]),
+  async spawn(root) {
+    let binary = which("vue-language-server")
+    const args: string[] = []
+    if (!binary) {
+      if (Flag.tulingcode_DISABLE_LSP_DOWNLOAD) return
+      const resolved = await Npm.which("@vue/language-server")
+      if (!resolved) return
+      binary = resolved
+    }
+    args.push("--stdio")
+    const proc = spawn(binary, args, {
+      cwd: root,
+      env: {
+        ...process.env,
+      },
+    })
+    return {
+      process: proc,
+      initialization: {
+        // Leave empty; the server will auto-detect workspace TypeScript.
+      },
+    }
+  },
+}
+
+export const ESLint: Info = {
+  id: "eslint",
+  root: NearestRoot(["package-lock.json", "bun.lockb", "bun.lock", "pnpm-lock.yaml", "yarn.lock"]),
+  extensions: [".ts", ".tsx", ".js", ".jsx", ".mjs", ".cjs", ".mts", ".cts", ".vue"],
+  async spawn(root, ctx) {
+    const eslint = Module.resolve("eslint", ctx.directory)
+    if (!eslint) return
+    log.info("spawning eslint server")
+    const serverPath = path.join(Global.Path.bin, "vscode-eslint", "server", "out", "eslintServer.js")
+    if (!(await Filesystem.exists(serverPath))) {
+      if (Flag.tulingcode_DISABLE_LSP_DOWNLOAD) return
+      log.info("downloading and building VS Code ESLint server")
+      const response = await fetch("https://github.com/microsoft/vscode-eslint/archive/refs/heads/main.zip")
+      if (!response.ok) return
+
+      const zipPath = path.join(Global.Path.bin, "vscode-eslint.zip")
+      if (response.body) await Filesystem.writeStream(zipPath, response.body)
+
+      const ok = await Archive.extractZip(zipPath, Global.Path.bin)
+        .then(() => true)
+        .catch((error) => {
+          log.error("Failed to extract vscode-eslint archive", { error })
+          return false
+        })
+      if (!ok) return
+      await fs.rm(zipPath, { force: true })
+
+      const extractedPath = path.join(Global.Path.bin, "vscode-eslint-main")
+      const finalPath = path.join(Global.Path.bin, "vscode-eslint")
+
+      const stats = await fs.stat(finalPath).catch(() => undefined)
+      if (stats) {
+        log.info("removing old eslint installation", { path: finalPath })
+        await fs.rm(finalPath, { force: true, recursive: true })
+      }
+      await fs.rename(extractedPath, finalPath)
+
+      const npmCmd = process.platform === "win32" ? "npm.cmd" : "npm"
+      await Process.run([npmCmd, "install"], { cwd: finalPath })
+      await Process.run([npmCmd, "run", "compile"], { cwd: finalPath })
+
+      log.info("installed VS Code ESLint server", { serverPath })
+    }
+
+    const proc = spawn("node", [serverPath, "--stdio"], {
+      cwd: root,
+      env: {
+        ...process.env,
+      },
+    })
+
+    return {
+      process: proc,
+    }
+  },
+}
+
+export const Oxlint: Info = {
+  id: "oxlint",
+  root: NearestRoot([
+    ".oxlintrc.json",
+    "package-lock.json",
+    "bun.lockb",
+    "bun.lock",
+    "pnpm-lock.yaml",
+    "yarn.lock",
+    "package.json",
+  ]),
+  extensions: [".ts", ".tsx", ".js", ".jsx", ".mjs", ".cjs", ".mts", ".cts", ".vue", ".astro", ".svelte"],
+  async spawn(root, ctx) {
+    const ext = process.platform === "win32" ? ".cmd" : ""
+
+    const serverTarget = path.join("node_modules", ".bin", "oxc_language_server" + ext)
+    const lintTarget = path.join("node_modules", ".bin", "oxlint" + ext)
+
+    const resolveBin = async (target: string) => {
+      const localBin = path.join(root, target)
+      if (await Filesystem.exists(localBin)) return localBin
+
+      const candidates = Filesystem.up({
+        targets: [target],
+        start: root,
+        stop: ctx.worktree,
+      })
+      const first = await candidates.next()
+      await candidates.return()
+      if (first.value) return first.value
+
+      return undefined
+    }
+
+    let lintBin = await resolveBin(lintTarget)
+    if (!lintBin) {
+      const found = which("oxlint")
+      if (found) lintBin = found
+    }
+
+    if (lintBin) {
+      const proc = spawn(lintBin, ["--help"])
+      await proc.exited
+      if (proc.stdout) {
+        const help = await text(proc.stdout)
+        if (help.includes("--lsp")) {
+          return {
+            process: spawn(lintBin, ["--lsp"], {
+              cwd: root,
+            }),
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    let serverBin = await resolveBin(serverTarget)
+    if (!serverBin) {
+      const found = which("oxc_language_server")
+      if (found) serverBin = found
+    }
+    if (serverBin) {
+      return {
+        process: spawn(serverBin, [], {
+          cwd: root,
+        }),
+      }
+    }
+
+    log.info("oxlint not found, please install oxlint")
+    return
+  },
+}
+
+export const Biome: Info = {
+  id: "biome",
+  root: NearestRoot([
+    "biome.json",
+    "biome.jsonc",
+    "package-lock.json",
+    "bun.lockb",
+    "bun.lock",
+    "pnpm-lock.yaml",
+    "yarn.lock",
+  ]),
+  extensions: [
+    ".ts",
+    ".tsx",
+    ".js",
+    ".jsx",
+    ".mjs",
+    ".cjs",
+    ".mts",
+    ".cts",
+    ".json",
+    ".jsonc",
+    ".vue",
+    ".astro",
+    ".svelte",
+    ".css",
+    ".graphql",
+    ".gql",
+    ".html",
+  ],
+  async spawn(root) {
+    const localBin = path.join(root, "node_modules", ".bin", "biome")
+    let bin: string | undefined
+    if (await Filesystem.exists(localBin)) bin = localBin
+    if (!bin) {
+      const found = which("biome")
+      if (found) bin = found
+    }
+
+    let args = ["lsp-proxy", "--stdio"]
+
+    if (!bin) {
+      const resolved = Module.resolve("biome", root)
+      if (!resolved) return
+      bin = await Npm.which("biome")
+      if (!bin) return
+      args = ["lsp-proxy", "--stdio"]
+    }
+
+    const proc = spawn(bin, args, {
+      cwd: root,
+      env: {
+        ...process.env,
+      },
+    })
+
+    return {
+      process: proc,
+    }
+  },
+}
+
+export const Gopls: Info = {
+  id: "gopls",
+  root: async (file, ctx) => {
+    const work = await NearestRoot(["go.work"])(file, ctx)
+    if (work) return work
+    return NearestRoot(["go.mod", "go.sum"])(file, ctx)
+  },
+  extensions: [".go"],
+  async spawn(root) {
+    let bin = which("gopls")
+    if (!bin) {
+      if (!which("go")) return
+      if (Flag.tulingcode_DISABLE_LSP_DOWNLOAD) return
+
+      log.info("installing gopls")
+      const proc = Process.spawn(["go", "install", "golang.org/x/tools/gopls@latest"], {
+        env: { ...process.env, GOBIN: Global.Path.bin },
+        stdout: "pipe",
+        stderr: "pipe",
+        stdin: "pipe",
+      })
+      const exit = await proc.exited
+      if (exit !== 0) {
+        log.error("Failed to install gopls")
+        return
+      }
+      bin = path.join(Global.Path.bin, "gopls" + (process.platform === "win32" ? ".exe" : ""))
+      log.info(`installed gopls`, {
+        bin,
+      })
+    }
+    return {
+      process: spawn(bin!, {
+        cwd: root,
+      }),
+    }
+  },
+}
+
+export const Rubocop: Info = {
+  id: "ruby-lsp",
+  root: NearestRoot(["Gemfile"]),
+  extensions: [".rb", ".rake", ".gemspec", ".ru"],
+  async spawn(root) {
+    let bin = which("rubocop")
+    if (!bin) {
+      const ruby = which("ruby")
+      const gem = which("gem")
+      if (!ruby || !gem) {
+        log.info("Ruby not found, please install Ruby first")
+        return
+      }
+      if (Flag.tulingcode_DISABLE_LSP_DOWNLOAD) return
+      log.info("installing rubocop")
+      const proc = Process.spawn(["gem", "install", "rubocop", "--bindir", Global.Path.bin], {
+        stdout: "pipe",
+        stderr: "pipe",
+        stdin: "pipe",
+      })
+      const exit = await proc.exited
+      if (exit !== 0) {
+        log.error("Failed to install rubocop")
+        return
+      }
+      bin = path.join(Global.Path.bin, "rubocop" + (process.platform === "win32" ? ".exe" : ""))
+      log.info(`installed rubocop`, {
+        bin,
+      })
+    }
+    return {
+      process: spawn(bin!, ["--lsp"], {
+        cwd: root,
+      }),
+    }
+  },
+}
+
+export const Ty: Info = {
+  id: "ty",
+  extensions: [".py", ".pyi"],
+  root: NearestRoot([
+    "pyproject.toml",
+    "ty.toml",
+    "setup.py",
+    "setup.cfg",
+    "requirements.txt",
+    "Pipfile",
+    "pyrightconfig.json",
+  ]),
+  async spawn(root) {
+    if (!Flag.tulingcode_EXPERIMENTAL_LSP_TY) {
+      return undefined
+    }
+
+    let binary = which("ty")
+
+    const initialization: Record<string, string> = {}
+
+    const potentialVenvPaths = [process.env["VIRTUAL_ENV"], path.join(root, ".venv"), path.join(root, "venv")].filter(
+      (p): p is string => p !== undefined,
+    )
+    for (const venvPath of potentialVenvPaths) {
+      const isWindows = process.platform === "win32"
+      const potentialPythonPath = isWindows
+        ? path.join(venvPath, "Scripts", "python.exe")
+        : path.join(venvPath, "bin", "python")
+      if (await Filesystem.exists(potentialPythonPath)) {
+        initialization["pythonPath"] = potentialPythonPath
+        break
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (!binary) {
+      for (const venvPath of potentialVenvPaths) {
+        const isWindows = process.platform === "win32"
+        const potentialTyPath = isWindows ? path.join(venvPath, "Scripts", "ty.exe") : path.join(venvPath, "bin", "ty")
+        if (await Filesystem.exists(potentialTyPath)) {
+          binary = potentialTyPath
+          break
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (!binary) {
+      log.error("ty not found, please install ty first")
+      return
+    }
+
+    const proc = spawn(binary, ["server"], {
+      cwd: root,
+    })
+
+    return {
+      process: proc,
+      initialization,
+    }
+  },
+}
+
+export const Pyright: Info = {
+  id: "pyright",
+  extensions: [".py", ".pyi"],
+  root: NearestRoot(["pyproject.toml", "setup.py", "setup.cfg", "requirements.txt", "Pipfile", "pyrightconfig.json"]),
+  async spawn(root) {
+    let binary = which("pyright-langserver")
+    const args = []
+    if (!binary) {
+      if (Flag.tulingcode_DISABLE_LSP_DOWNLOAD) return
+      const resolved = await Npm.which("pyright")
+      if (!resolved) return
+      binary = resolved
+    }
+    args.push("--stdio")
+
+    const initialization: Record<string, string> = {}
+
+    const potentialVenvPaths = [process.env["VIRTUAL_ENV"], path.join(root, ".venv"), path.join(root, "venv")].filter(
+      (p): p is string => p !== undefined,
+    )
+    for (const venvPath of potentialVenvPaths) {
+      const isWindows = process.platform === "win32"
+      const potentialPythonPath = isWindows
+        ? path.join(venvPath, "Scripts", "python.exe")
+        : path.join(venvPath, "bin", "python")
+      if (await Filesystem.exists(potentialPythonPath)) {
+        initialization["pythonPath"] = potentialPythonPath
+        break
+      }
+    }
+
+    const proc = spawn(binary, args, {
+      cwd: root,
+      env: {
+        ...process.env,
+      },
+    })
+    return {
+      process: proc,
+      initialization,
+    }
+  },
+}
+
+export const ElixirLS: Info = {
+  id: "elixir-ls",
+  extensions: [".ex", ".exs"],
+  root: NearestRoot(["mix.exs", "mix.lock"]),
+  async spawn(root) {
+    let binary = which("elixir-ls")
+    if (!binary) {
+      const elixirLsPath = path.join(Global.Path.bin, "elixir-ls")
+      binary = path.join(
+        Global.Path.bin,
+        "elixir-ls-master",
+        "release",
+        process.platform === "win32" ? "language_server.bat" : "language_server.sh",
+      )
+
+      if (!(await Filesystem.exists(binary))) {
+        const elixir = which("elixir")
+        if (!elixir) {
+          log.error("elixir is required to run elixir-ls")
+          return
+        }
+
+        if (Flag.tulingcode_DISABLE_LSP_DOWNLOAD) return
+        log.info("downloading elixir-ls from GitHub releases")
+
+        const response = await fetch("https://github.com/elixir-lsp/elixir-ls/archive/refs/heads/master.zip")
+        if (!response.ok) return
+        const zipPath = path.join(Global.Path.bin, "elixir-ls.zip")
+        if (response.body) await Filesystem.writeStream(zipPath, response.body)
+
+        const ok = await Archive.extractZip(zipPath, Global.Path.bin)
+          .then(() => true)
+          .catch((error) => {
+            log.error("Failed to extract elixir-ls archive", { error })
+            return false
+          })
+        if (!ok) return
+
+        await fs.rm(zipPath, {
+          force: true,
+          recursive: true,
+        })
+
+        const cwd = path.join(Global.Path.bin, "elixir-ls-master")
+        const env = { MIX_ENV: "prod", ...process.env }
+        await Process.run(["mix", "deps.get"], { cwd, env })
+        await Process.run(["mix", "compile"], { cwd, env })
+        await Process.run(["mix", "elixir_ls.release2", "-o", "release"], { cwd, env })
+
+        log.info(`installed elixir-ls`, {
+          path: elixirLsPath,
+        })
+      }
+    }
+
+    return {
+      process: spawn(binary, {
+        cwd: root,
+      }),
+    }
+  },
+}
+
+export const Zls: Info = {
+  id: "zls",
+  extensions: [".zig", ".zon"],
+  root: NearestRoot(["build.zig"]),
+  async spawn(root) {
+    let bin = which("zls")
+
+    if (!bin) {
+      const zig = which("zig")
+      if (!zig) {
+        log.error("Zig is required to use zls. Please install Zig first.")
+        return
+      }
+
+      if (Flag.tulingcode_DISABLE_LSP_DOWNLOAD) return
+      log.info("downloading zls from GitHub releases")
+
+      const releaseResponse = await fetch("https://api.github.com/repos/zigtools/zls/releases/latest")
+      if (!releaseResponse.ok) {
+        log.error("Failed to fetch zls release info")
+        return
+      }
+
+      const release = (await releaseResponse.json()) as {
+        assets?: { name?: string; browser_download_url?: string }[]
+      }
+
+      const platform = process.platform
+      const arch = process.arch
+      let assetName = ""
+
+      let zlsArch: string = arch
+      if (arch === "arm64") zlsArch = "aarch64"
+      else if (arch === "x64") zlsArch = "x86_64"
+      else if (arch === "ia32") zlsArch = "x86"
+
+      let zlsPlatform: string = platform
+      if (platform === "darwin") zlsPlatform = "macos"
+      else if (platform === "win32") zlsPlatform = "windows"
+
+      const ext = platform === "win32" ? "zip" : "tar.xz"
+
+      assetName = `zls-${zlsArch}-${zlsPlatform}.${ext}`
+
+      const supportedCombos = [
+        "zls-x86_64-linux.tar.xz",
+        "zls-x86_64-macos.tar.xz",
+        "zls-x86_64-windows.zip",
+        "zls-aarch64-linux.tar.xz",
+        "zls-aarch64-macos.tar.xz",
+        "zls-aarch64-windows.zip",
+        "zls-x86-linux.tar.xz",
+        "zls-x86-windows.zip",
+      ]
+
+      if (!supportedCombos.includes(assetName)) {
+        log.error(`Platform ${platform} and architecture ${arch} is not supported by zls`)
+        return
+      }
+
+      const asset = release.assets?.find((a) => a.name === assetName)
+      if (!asset?.browser_download_url) {
+        log.error(`Could not find asset ${assetName} in latest zls release`)
+        return
+      }
+
+      const downloadUrl = asset.browser_download_url
+      const downloadResponse = await fetch(downloadUrl)
+      if (!downloadResponse.ok) {
+        log.error("Failed to download zls")
+        return
+      }
+
+      const tempPath = path.join(Global.Path.bin, assetName)
+      if (downloadResponse.body) await Filesystem.writeStream(tempPath, downloadResponse.body)
+
+      if (ext === "zip") {
+        const ok = await Archive.extractZip(tempPath, Global.Path.bin)
+          .then(() => true)
+          .catch((error) => {
+            log.error("Failed to extract zls archive", { error })
+            return false
+          })
+        if (!ok) return
+      } else {
+        await run(["tar", "-xf", tempPath], { cwd: Global.Path.bin })
+      }
+
+      await fs.rm(tempPath, { force: true })
+
+      bin = path.join(Global.Path.bin, "zls" + (platform === "win32" ? ".exe" : ""))
+
+      if (!(await Filesystem.exists(bin))) {
+        log.error("Failed to extract zls binary")
+        return
+      }
+
+      if (platform !== "win32") {
+        await fs.chmod(bin, 0o755).catch(() => {})
+      }
+
+      log.info(`installed zls`, { bin })
+    }
+
+    return {
+      process: spawn(bin, {
+        cwd: root,
+      }),
+    }
+  },
+}
+
+export const CSharp: Info = {
+  id: "csharp",
+  root: NearestRoot([".slnx", ".sln", ".csproj", "global.json"]),
+  extensions: [".cs"],
+  async spawn(root) {
+    let bin = which("csharp-ls")
+    if (!bin) {
+      if (!which("dotnet")) {
+        log.error(".NET SDK is required to install csharp-ls")
+        return
+      }
+
+      if (Flag.tulingcode_DISABLE_LSP_DOWNLOAD) return
+      log.info("installing csharp-ls via dotnet tool")
+      const proc = Process.spawn(["dotnet", "tool", "install", "csharp-ls", "--tool-path", Global.Path.bin], {
+        stdout: "pipe",
+        stderr: "pipe",
+        stdin: "pipe",
+      })
+      const exit = await proc.exited
+      if (exit !== 0) {
+        log.error("Failed to install csharp-ls")
+        return
+      }
+
+      bin = path.join(Global.Path.bin, "csharp-ls" + (process.platform === "win32" ? ".exe" : ""))
+      log.info(`installed csharp-ls`, { bin })
+    }
+
+    return {
+      process: spawn(bin, {
+        cwd: root,
+      }),
+    }
+  },
+}
+
+export const FSharp: Info = {
+  id: "fsharp",
+  root: NearestRoot([".slnx", ".sln", ".fsproj", "global.json"]),
+  extensions: [".fs", ".fsi", ".fsx", ".fsscript"],
+  async spawn(root) {
+    let bin = which("fsautocomplete")
+    if (!bin) {
+      if (!which("dotnet")) {
+        log.error(".NET SDK is required to install fsautocomplete")
+        return
+      }
+
+      if (Flag.tulingcode_DISABLE_LSP_DOWNLOAD) return
+      log.info("installing fsautocomplete via dotnet tool")
+      const proc = Process.spawn(["dotnet", "tool", "install", "fsautocomplete", "--tool-path", Global.Path.bin], {
+        stdout: "pipe",
+        stderr: "pipe",
+        stdin: "pipe",
+      })
+      const exit = await proc.exited
+      if (exit !== 0) {
+        log.error("Failed to install fsautocomplete")
+        return
+      }
+
+      bin = path.join(Global.Path.bin, "fsautocomplete" + (process.platform === "win32" ? ".exe" : ""))
+      log.info(`installed fsautocomplete`, { bin })
+    }
+
+    return {
+      process: spawn(bin, {
+        cwd: root,
+      }),
+    }
+  },
+}
+
+export const SourceKit: Info = {
+  id: "sourcekit-lsp",
+  extensions: [".swift", ".objc", "objcpp"],
+  root: NearestRoot(["Package.swift", "*.xcodeproj", "*.xcworkspace"]),
+  async spawn(root) {
+    // Check if sourcekit-lsp is available in the PATH
+    // This is installed with the Swift toolchain
+    const sourcekit = which("sourcekit-lsp")
+    if (sourcekit) {
+      return {
+        process: spawn(sourcekit, {
+          cwd: root,
+        }),
+      }
+    }
+
+    // If sourcekit-lsp not found, check if xcrun is available
+    // This is specific to macOS where sourcekit-lsp is typically installed with Xcode
+    if (!which("xcrun")) return
+
+    const lspLoc = await output(["xcrun", "--find", "sourcekit-lsp"])
+
+    if (lspLoc.code !== 0) return
+
+    const bin = lspLoc.text.trim()
+
+    return {
+      process: spawn(bin, {
+        cwd: root,
+      }),
+    }
+  },
+}
+
+export const RustAnalyzer: Info = {
+  id: "rust",
+  root: async (file, ctx) => {
+    const crateRoot = await NearestRoot(["Cargo.toml", "Cargo.lock"])(file, ctx)
+    if (crateRoot === undefined) {
+      return undefined
+    }
+    let currentDir = crateRoot
+
+    while (currentDir !== path.dirname(currentDir)) {
+      // Stop at filesystem root
+      const cargoTomlPath = path.join(currentDir, "Cargo.toml")
+      try {
+        const cargoTomlContent = await Filesystem.readText(cargoTomlPath)
+        if (cargoTomlContent.includes("[workspace]")) {
+          return currentDir
+        }
+      } catch {
+        // File doesn't exist or can't be read, continue searching up
+      }
+
+      const parentDir = path.dirname(currentDir)
+      if (parentDir === currentDir) break // Reached filesystem root
+      currentDir = parentDir
+
+      // Stop if we've gone above the app root
+      if (!currentDir.startsWith(ctx.worktree)) break
+    }
+
+    return crateRoot
+  },
+  extensions: [".rs"],
+  async spawn(root) {
+    const bin = which("rust-analyzer")
+    if (!bin) {
+      log.info("rust-analyzer not found in path, please install it")
+      return
+    }
+    return {
+      process: spawn(bin, {
+        cwd: root,
+      }),
+    }
+  },
+}
+
+export const Clangd: Info = {
+  id: "clangd",
+  root: NearestRoot(["compile_commands.json", "compile_flags.txt", ".clangd"]),
+  extensions: [".c", ".cpp", ".cc", ".cxx", ".c++", ".h", ".hpp", ".hh", ".hxx", ".h++"],
+  async spawn(root) {
+    const args = ["--background-index", "--clang-tidy"]
+    const fromPath = which("clangd")
+    if (fromPath) {
+      return {
+        process: spawn(fromPath, args, {
+          cwd: root,
+        }),
+      }
+    }
+
+    const ext = process.platform === "win32" ? ".exe" : ""
+    const direct = path.join(Global.Path.bin, "clangd" + ext)
+    if (await Filesystem.exists(direct)) {
+      return {
+        process: spawn(direct, args, {
+          cwd: root,
+        }),
+      }
+    }
+
+    const entries = await fs.readdir(Global.Path.bin, { withFileTypes: true }).catch(() => [])
+    for (const entry of entries) {
+      if (!entry.isDirectory()) continue
+      if (!entry.name.startsWith("clangd_")) continue
+      const candidate = path.join(Global.Path.bin, entry.name, "bin", "clangd" + ext)
+      if (await Filesystem.exists(candidate)) {
+        return {
+          process: spawn(candidate, args, {
+            cwd: root,
+          }),
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (Flag.tulingcode_DISABLE_LSP_DOWNLOAD) return
+    log.info("downloading clangd from GitHub releases")
+
+    const releaseResponse = await fetch("https://api.github.com/repos/clangd/clangd/releases/latest")
+    if (!releaseResponse.ok) {
+      log.error("Failed to fetch clangd release info")
+      return
+    }
+
+    const release: {
+      tag_name?: string
+      assets?: { name?: string; browser_download_url?: string }[]
+    } = await releaseResponse.json()
+
+    const tag = release.tag_name
+    if (!tag) {
+      log.error("clangd release did not include a tag name")
+      return
+    }
+    const platform = process.platform
+    const tokens: Record<string, string> = {
+      darwin: "mac",
+      linux: "linux",
+      win32: "windows",
+    }
+    const token = tokens[platform]
+    if (!token) {
+      log.error(`Platform ${platform} is not supported by clangd auto-download`)
+      return
+    }
+
+    const assets = release.assets ?? []
+    const valid = (item: { name?: string; browser_download_url?: string }) => {
+      if (!item.name) return false
+      if (!item.browser_download_url) return false
+      if (!item.name.includes(token)) return false
+      return item.name.includes(tag)
+    }
+
+    const asset =
+      assets.find((item) => valid(item) && item.name?.endsWith(".zip")) ??
+      assets.find((item) => valid(item) && item.name?.endsWith(".tar.xz")) ??
+      assets.find((item) => valid(item))
+    if (!asset?.name || !asset.browser_download_url) {
+      log.error("clangd could not match release asset", { tag, platform })
+      return
+    }
+
+    const name = asset.name
+    const downloadResponse = await fetch(asset.browser_download_url)
+    if (!downloadResponse.ok) {
+      log.error("Failed to download clangd")
+      return
+    }
+
+    const archive = path.join(Global.Path.bin, name)
+    const buf = await downloadResponse.arrayBuffer()
+    if (buf.byteLength === 0) {
+      log.error("Failed to write clangd archive")
+      return
+    }
+    await Filesystem.write(archive, Buffer.from(buf))
+
+    const zip = name.endsWith(".zip")
+    const tar = name.endsWith(".tar.xz")
+    if (!zip && !tar) {
+      log.error("clangd encountered unsupported asset", { asset: name })
+      return
+    }
+
+    if (zip) {
+      const ok = await Archive.extractZip(archive, Global.Path.bin)
+        .then(() => true)
+        .catch((error) => {
+          log.error("Failed to extract clangd archive", { error })
+          return false
+        })
+      if (!ok) return
+    }
+    if (tar) {
+      await run(["tar", "-xf", archive], { cwd: Global.Path.bin })
+    }
+    await fs.rm(archive, { force: true })
+
+    const bin = path.join(Global.Path.bin, "clangd_" + tag, "bin", "clangd" + ext)
+    if (!(await Filesystem.exists(bin))) {
+      log.error("Failed to extract clangd binary")
+      return
+    }
+
+    if (platform !== "win32") {
+      await fs.chmod(bin, 0o755).catch(() => {})
+    }
+
+    await fs.unlink(path.join(Global.Path.bin, "clangd")).catch(() => {})
+    await fs.symlink(bin, path.join(Global.Path.bin, "clangd")).catch(() => {})
+
+    log.info(`installed clangd`, { bin })
+
+    return {
+      process: spawn(bin, args, {
+        cwd: root,
+      }),
+    }
+  },
+}
+
+export const Svelte: Info = {
+  id: "svelte",
+  extensions: [".svelte"],
+  root: NearestRoot(["package-lock.json", "bun.lockb", "bun.lock", "pnpm-lock.yaml", "yarn.lock"]),
+  async spawn(root) {
+    let binary = which("svelteserver")
+    const args: string[] = []
+    if (!binary) {
+      if (Flag.tulingcode_DISABLE_LSP_DOWNLOAD) return
+      const resolved = await Npm.which("svelte-language-server")
+      if (!resolved) return
+      binary = resolved
+    }
+    args.push("--stdio")
+    const proc = spawn(binary, args, {
+      cwd: root,
+      env: {
+        ...process.env,
+      },
+    })
+    return {
+      process: proc,
+      initialization: {},
+    }
+  },
+}
+
+export const Astro: Info = {
+  id: "astro",
+  extensions: [".astro"],
+  root: NearestRoot(["package-lock.json", "bun.lockb", "bun.lock", "pnpm-lock.yaml", "yarn.lock"]),
+  async spawn(root, ctx) {
+    const tsserver = Module.resolve("typescript/lib/tsserver.js", ctx.directory)
+    if (!tsserver) {
+      log.info("typescript not found, required for Astro language server")
+      return
+    }
+    const tsdk = path.dirname(tsserver)
+
+    let binary = which("astro-ls")
+    const args: string[] = []
+    if (!binary) {
+      if (Flag.tulingcode_DISABLE_LSP_DOWNLOAD) return
+      const resolved = await Npm.which("@astrojs/language-server")
+      if (!resolved) return
+      binary = resolved
+    }
+    args.push("--stdio")
+    const proc = spawn(binary, args, {
+      cwd: root,
+      env: {
+        ...process.env,
+      },
+    })
+    return {
+      process: proc,
+      initialization: {
+        typescript: {
+          tsdk,
+        },
+      },
+    }
+  },
+}
+
+export const JDTLS: Info = {
+  id: "jdtls",
+  root: async (file, ctx) => {
+    // Without exclusions, NearestRoot defaults to instance directory so we can't
+    // distinguish between a) no project found and b) project found at instance dir.
+    // So we can't choose the root from (potential) monorepo markers first.
+    // Look for potential subproject markers first while excluding potential monorepo markers.
+    const settingsMarkers = ["settings.gradle", "settings.gradle.kts"]
+    const gradleMarkers = ["gradlew", "gradlew.bat"]
+    const exclusionsForMonorepos = gradleMarkers.concat(settingsMarkers)
+
+    const [projectRoot, wrapperRoot, settingsRoot] = await Promise.all([
+      NearestRoot(["pom.xml", "build.gradle", "build.gradle.kts", ".project", ".classpath"], exclusionsForMonorepos)(
+        file,
+        ctx,
+      ),
+      NearestRoot(gradleMarkers, settingsMarkers)(file, ctx),
+      NearestRoot(settingsMarkers)(file, ctx),
+    ])
+
+    // If projectRoot is undefined we know we are in a monorepo or no project at all.
+    // So can safely fall through to the other roots
+    if (projectRoot) return projectRoot
+    if (wrapperRoot) return wrapperRoot
+    if (settingsRoot) return settingsRoot
+  },
+  extensions: [".java"],
+  async spawn(root) {
+    const java = which("java")
+    if (!java) {
+      log.error("Java 21 or newer is required to run the JDTLS. Please install it first.")
+      return
+    }
+    const javaMajorVersion = await run(["java", "-version"]).then((result) => {
+      const m = /"(\d+)\.\d+\.\d+"/.exec(result.stderr.toString())
+      return !m ? undefined : parseInt(m[1])
+    })
+    if (javaMajorVersion == null || javaMajorVersion < 21) {
+      log.error("JDTLS requires at least Java 21.")
+      return
+    }
+    const distPath = path.join(Global.Path.bin, "jdtls")
+    const launcherDir = path.join(distPath, "plugins")
+    const installed = await pathExists(launcherDir)
+    if (!installed) {
+      if (Flag.tulingcode_DISABLE_LSP_DOWNLOAD) return
+      log.info("Downloading JDTLS LSP server.")
+      await fs.mkdir(distPath, { recursive: true })
+      const releaseURL =
+        "https://www.eclipse.org/downloads/download.php?file=/jdtls/snapshots/jdt-language-server-latest.tar.gz"
+      const archiveName = "release.tar.gz"
+
+      log.info("Downloading JDTLS archive", { url: releaseURL, dest: distPath })
+      const download = await fetch(releaseURL)
+      if (!download.ok || !download.body) {
+        log.error("Failed to download JDTLS", { status: download.status, statusText: download.statusText })
+        return
+      }
+      await Filesystem.writeStream(path.join(distPath, archiveName), download.body)
+
+      log.info("Extracting JDTLS archive")
+      const tarResult = await run(["tar", "-xzf", archiveName], { cwd: distPath })
+      if (tarResult.code !== 0) {
+        log.error("Failed to extract JDTLS", { exitCode: tarResult.code, stderr: tarResult.stderr.toString() })
+        return
+      }
+
+      await fs.rm(path.join(distPath, archiveName), { force: true })
+      log.info("JDTLS download and extraction completed")
+    }
+    const jarFileName =
+      (await fs.readdir(launcherDir).catch(() => []))
+        .find((item) => /^org\.eclipse\.equinox\.launcher_.*\.jar$/.test(item))
+        ?.trim() ?? ""
+    const launcherJar = path.join(launcherDir, jarFileName)
+    if (!(await pathExists(launcherJar))) {
+      log.error(`Failed to locate the JDTLS launcher module in the installed directory: ${distPath}.`)
+      return
+    }
+    const configFile = path.join(
+      distPath,
+      (() => {
+        switch (process.platform) {
+          case "darwin":
+            return "config_mac"
+          case "linux":
+            return "config_linux"
+          case "win32":
+            return "config_win"
+          default:
+            return "config_linux"
+        }
+      })(),
+    )
+    const dataDir = await fs.mkdtemp(path.join(os.tmpdir(), "opencode-jdtls-data"))
+    return {
+      process: spawn(
+        java,
+        [
+          "-jar",
+          launcherJar,
+          "-configuration",
+          configFile,
+          "-data",
+          dataDir,
+          "-Declipse.application=org.eclipse.jdt.ls.core.id1",
+          "-Dosgi.bundles.defaultStartLevel=4",
+          "-Declipse.product=org.eclipse.jdt.ls.core.product",
+          "-Dlog.level=ALL",
+          "--add-modules=ALL-SYSTEM",
+          "--add-opens java.base/java.util=ALL-UNNAMED",
+          "--add-opens java.base/java.lang=ALL-UNNAMED",
+        ],
+        {
+          cwd: root,
+        },
+      ),
+    }
+  },
+}
+
+export const KotlinLS: Info = {
+  id: "kotlin-ls",
+  extensions: [".kt", ".kts"],
+  root: async (file, ctx) => {
+    // 1) Nearest Gradle root (multi-project or included build)
+    const settingsRoot = await NearestRoot(["settings.gradle.kts", "settings.gradle"])(file, ctx)
+    if (settingsRoot) return settingsRoot
+    // 2) Gradle wrapper (strong root signal)
+    const wrapperRoot = await NearestRoot(["gradlew", "gradlew.bat"])(file, ctx)
+    if (wrapperRoot) return wrapperRoot
+    // 3) Single-project or module-level build
+    const buildRoot = await NearestRoot(["build.gradle.kts", "build.gradle"])(file, ctx)
+    if (buildRoot) return buildRoot
+    // 4) Maven fallback
+    return NearestRoot(["pom.xml"])(file, ctx)
+  },
+  async spawn(root) {
+    const distPath = path.join(Global.Path.bin, "kotlin-ls")
+    const launcherScript =
+      process.platform === "win32" ? path.join(distPath, "kotlin-lsp.cmd") : path.join(distPath, "kotlin-lsp.sh")
+    const installed = await Filesystem.exists(launcherScript)
+    if (!installed) {
+      if (Flag.tulingcode_DISABLE_LSP_DOWNLOAD) return
+      log.info("Downloading Kotlin Language Server from GitHub.")
+
+      const releaseResponse = await fetch("https://api.github.com/repos/Kotlin/kotlin-lsp/releases/latest")
+      if (!releaseResponse.ok) {
+        log.error("Failed to fetch kotlin-lsp release info")
+        return
+      }
+
+      const release = await releaseResponse.json()
+      const version = release.name?.replace(/^v/, "")
+
+      if (!version) {
+        log.error("Could not determine Kotlin LSP version from release")
+        return
+      }
+
+      const platform = process.platform
+      const arch = process.arch
+
+      let kotlinArch: string = arch
+      if (arch === "arm64") kotlinArch = "aarch64"
+      else if (arch === "x64") kotlinArch = "x64"
+
+      let kotlinPlatform: string = platform
+      if (platform === "darwin") kotlinPlatform = "mac"
+      else if (platform === "linux") kotlinPlatform = "linux"
+      else if (platform === "win32") kotlinPlatform = "win"
+
+      const supportedCombos = ["mac-x64", "mac-aarch64", "linux-x64", "linux-aarch64", "win-x64", "win-aarch64"]
+
+      const combo = `${kotlinPlatform}-${kotlinArch}`
+
+      if (!supportedCombos.includes(combo)) {
+        log.error(`Platform ${platform}/${arch} is not supported by Kotlin LSP`)
+        return
+      }
+
+      const assetName = `kotlin-lsp-${version}-${kotlinPlatform}-${kotlinArch}.zip`
+      const releaseURL = `https://download-cdn.jetbrains.com/kotlin-lsp/${version}/${assetName}`
+
+      await fs.mkdir(distPath, { recursive: true })
+      const archivePath = path.join(distPath, "kotlin-ls.zip")
+      const download = await fetch(releaseURL)
+      if (!download.ok || !download.body) {
+        log.error("Failed to download Kotlin Language Server", {
+          status: download.status,
+          statusText: download.statusText,
+        })
+        return
+      }
+      await Filesystem.writeStream(archivePath, download.body)
+      const ok = await Archive.extractZip(archivePath, distPath)
+        .then(() => true)
+        .catch((error) => {
+          log.error("Failed to extract Kotlin LS archive", { error })
+          return false
+        })
+      if (!ok) return
+      await fs.rm(archivePath, { force: true })
+      if (process.platform !== "win32") {
+        await fs.chmod(launcherScript, 0o755).catch(() => {})
+      }
+      log.info("Installed Kotlin Language Server", { path: launcherScript })
+    }
+    if (!(await Filesystem.exists(launcherScript))) {
+      log.error(`Failed to locate the Kotlin LS launcher script in the installed directory: ${distPath}.`)
+      return
+    }
+    return {
+      process: spawn(launcherScript, ["--stdio"], {
+        cwd: root,
+      }),
+    }
+  },
+}
+
+export const YamlLS: Info = {
+  id: "yaml-ls",
+  extensions: [".yaml", ".yml"],
+  root: NearestRoot(["package-lock.json", "bun.lockb", "bun.lock", "pnpm-lock.yaml", "yarn.lock"]),
+  async spawn(root) {
+    let binary = which("yaml-language-server")
+    const args: string[] = []
+    if (!binary) {
+      if (Flag.tulingcode_DISABLE_LSP_DOWNLOAD) return
+      const resolved = await Npm.which("yaml-language-server")
+      if (!resolved) return
+      binary = resolved
+    }
+    args.push("--stdio")
+    const proc = spawn(binary, args, {
+      cwd: root,
+      env: {
+        ...process.env,
+      },
+    })
+    return {
+      process: proc,
+    }
+  },
+}
+
+export const LuaLS: Info = {
+  id: "lua-ls",
+  root: NearestRoot([
+    ".luarc.json",
+    ".luarc.jsonc",
+    ".luacheckrc",
+    ".stylua.toml",
+    "stylua.toml",
+    "selene.toml",
+    "selene.yml",
+  ]),
+  extensions: [".lua"],
+  async spawn(root) {
+    let bin = which("lua-language-server")
+
+    if (!bin) {
+      if (Flag.tulingcode_DISABLE_LSP_DOWNLOAD) return
+      log.info("downloading lua-language-server from GitHub releases")
+
+      const releaseResponse = await fetch("https://api.github.com/repos/LuaLS/lua-language-server/releases/latest")
+      if (!releaseResponse.ok) {
+        log.error("Failed to fetch lua-language-server release info")
+        return
+      }
+
+      const release = await releaseResponse.json()
+
+      const platform = process.platform
+      const arch = process.arch
+      let assetName = ""
+
+      let lualsArch: string = arch
+      if (arch === "arm64") lualsArch = "arm64"
+      else if (arch === "x64") lualsArch = "x64"
+      else if (arch === "ia32") lualsArch = "ia32"
+
+      let lualsPlatform: string = platform
+      if (platform === "darwin") lualsPlatform = "darwin"
+      else if (platform === "linux") lualsPlatform = "linux"
+      else if (platform === "win32") lualsPlatform = "win32"
+
+      const ext = platform === "win32" ? "zip" : "tar.gz"
+
+      assetName = `lua-language-server-${release.tag_name}-${lualsPlatform}-${lualsArch}.${ext}`
+
+      const supportedCombos = [
+        "darwin-arm64.tar.gz",
+        "darwin-x64.tar.gz",
+        "linux-x64.tar.gz",
+        "linux-arm64.tar.gz",
+        "win32-x64.zip",
+        "win32-ia32.zip",
+      ]
+
+      const assetSuffix = `${lualsPlatform}-${lualsArch}.${ext}`
+      if (!supportedCombos.includes(assetSuffix)) {
+        log.error(`Platform ${platform} and architecture ${arch} is not supported by lua-language-server`)
+        return
+      }
+
+      const asset = release.assets.find((a: any) => a.name === assetName)
+      if (!asset) {
+        log.error(`Could not find asset ${assetName} in latest lua-language-server release`)
+        return
+      }
+
+      const downloadUrl = asset.browser_download_url
+      const downloadResponse = await fetch(downloadUrl)
+      if (!downloadResponse.ok) {
+        log.error("Failed to download lua-language-server")
+        return
+      }
+
+      const tempPath = path.join(Global.Path.bin, assetName)
+      if (downloadResponse.body) await Filesystem.writeStream(tempPath, downloadResponse.body)
+
+      // Unlike zls which is a single self-contained binary,
+      // lua-language-server needs supporting files (meta/, locale/, etc.)
+      // Extract entire archive to dedicated directory to preserve all files
+      const installDir = path.join(Global.Path.bin, `lua-language-server-${lualsArch}-${lualsPlatform}`)
+
+      // Remove old installation if exists
+      const stats = await fs.stat(installDir).catch(() => undefined)
+      if (stats) {
+        await fs.rm(installDir, { force: true, recursive: true })
+      }
+
+      await fs.mkdir(installDir, { recursive: true })
+
+      if (ext === "zip") {
+        const ok = await Archive.extractZip(tempPath, installDir)
+          .then(() => true)
+          .catch((error) => {
+            log.error("Failed to extract lua-language-server archive", { error })
+            return false
+          })
+        if (!ok) return
+      } else {
+        const ok = await run(["tar", "-xzf", tempPath, "-C", installDir])
+          .then((result) => result.code === 0)
+          .catch((error: unknown) => {
+            log.error("Failed to extract lua-language-server archive", { error })
+            return false
+          })
+        if (!ok) return
+      }
+
+      await fs.rm(tempPath, { force: true })
+
+      // Binary is located in bin/ subdirectory within the extracted archive
+      bin = path.join(installDir, "bin", "lua-language-server" + (platform === "win32" ? ".exe" : ""))
+
+      if (!(await Filesystem.exists(bin))) {
+        log.error("Failed to extract lua-language-server binary")
+        return
+      }
+
+      if (platform !== "win32") {
+        const ok = await fs
+          .chmod(bin, 0o755)
+          .then(() => true)
+          .catch((error: unknown) => {
+            log.error("Failed to set executable permission for lua-language-server binary", {
+              error,
+            })
+            return false
+          })
+        if (!ok) return
+      }
+
+      log.info(`installed lua-language-server`, { bin })
+    }
+
+    return {
+      process: spawn(bin, {
+        cwd: root,
+      }),
+    }
+  },
+}
+
+export const PHPIntelephense: Info = {
+  id: "php intelephense",
+  extensions: [".php"],
+  root: NearestRoot(["composer.json", "composer.lock", ".php-version"]),
+  async spawn(root) {
+    let binary = which("intelephense")
+    const args: string[] = []
+    if (!binary) {
+      if (Flag.tulingcode_DISABLE_LSP_DOWNLOAD) return
+      const resolved = await Npm.which("intelephense")
+      if (!resolved) return
+      binary = resolved
+    }
+    args.push("--stdio")
+    const proc = spawn(binary, args, {
+      cwd: root,
+      env: {
+        ...process.env,
+      },
+    })
+    return {
+      process: proc,
+      initialization: {
+        telemetry: {
+          enabled: false,
+        },
+      },
+    }
+  },
+}
+
+export const Prisma: Info = {
+  id: "prisma",
+  extensions: [".prisma"],
+  root: NearestRoot(["schema.prisma", "prisma/schema.prisma", "prisma"], ["package.json"]),
+  async spawn(root) {
+    const prisma = which("prisma")
+    if (!prisma) {
+      log.info("prisma not found, please install prisma")
+      return
+    }
+    return {
+      process: spawn(prisma, ["language-server"], {
+        cwd: root,
+      }),
+    }
+  },
+}
+
+export const Dart: Info = {
+  id: "dart",
+  extensions: [".dart"],
+  root: NearestRoot(["pubspec.yaml", "analysis_options.yaml"]),
+  async spawn(root) {
+    const dart = which("dart")
+    if (!dart) {
+      log.info("dart not found, please install dart first")
+      return
+    }
+    return {
+      process: spawn(dart, ["language-server", "--lsp"], {
+        cwd: root,
+      }),
+    }
+  },
+}
+
+export const Ocaml: Info = {
+  id: "ocaml-lsp",
+  extensions: [".ml", ".mli"],
+  root: NearestRoot(["dune-project", "dune-workspace", ".merlin", "opam"]),
+  async spawn(root) {
+    const bin = which("ocamllsp")
+    if (!bin) {
+      log.info("ocamllsp not found, please install ocaml-lsp-server")
+      return
+    }
+    return {
+      process: spawn(bin, {
+        cwd: root,
+      }),
+    }
+  },
+}
+export const BashLS: Info = {
+  id: "bash",
+  extensions: [".sh", ".bash", ".zsh", ".ksh"],
+  root: async (_file, ctx) => ctx.directory,
+  async spawn(root) {
+    let binary = which("bash-language-server")
+    const args: string[] = []
+    if (!binary) {
+      if (Flag.tulingcode_DISABLE_LSP_DOWNLOAD) return
+      const resolved = await Npm.which("bash-language-server")
+      if (!resolved) return
+      binary = resolved
+    }
+    args.push("start")
+    const proc = spawn(binary, args, {
+      cwd: root,
+      env: {
+        ...process.env,
+      },
+    })
+    return {
+      process: proc,
+    }
+  },
+}
+
+export const TerraformLS: Info = {
+  id: "terraform",
+  extensions: [".tf", ".tfvars"],
+  root: NearestRoot([".terraform.lock.hcl", "terraform.tfstate", "*.tf"]),
+  async spawn(root) {
+    let bin = which("terraform-ls")
+
+    if (!bin) {
+      if (Flag.tulingcode_DISABLE_LSP_DOWNLOAD) return
+      log.info("downloading terraform-ls from HashiCorp releases")
+
+      const releaseResponse = await fetch("https://api.releases.hashicorp.com/v1/releases/terraform-ls/latest")
+      if (!releaseResponse.ok) {
+        log.error("Failed to fetch terraform-ls release info")
+        return
+      }
+
+      const release = (await releaseResponse.json()) as {
+        version?: string
+        builds?: { arch?: string; os?: string; url?: string }[]
+      }
+
+      const platform = process.platform
+      const arch = process.arch
+
+      const tfArch = arch === "arm64" ? "arm64" : "amd64"
+      const tfPlatform = platform === "win32" ? "windows" : platform
+
+      const builds = release.builds ?? []
+      const build = builds.find((b) => b.arch === tfArch && b.os === tfPlatform)
+      if (!build?.url) {
+        log.error(`Could not find build for ${tfPlatform}/${tfArch} terraform-ls release version ${release.version}`)
+        return
+      }
+
+      const downloadResponse = await fetch(build.url)
+      if (!downloadResponse.ok) {
+        log.error("Failed to download terraform-ls")
+        return
+      }
+
+      const tempPath = path.join(Global.Path.bin, "terraform-ls.zip")
+      if (downloadResponse.body) await Filesystem.writeStream(tempPath, downloadResponse.body)
+
+      const ok = await Archive.extractZip(tempPath, Global.Path.bin)
+        .then(() => true)
+        .catch((error) => {
+          log.error("Failed to extract terraform-ls archive", { error })
+          return false
+        })
+      if (!ok) return
+      await fs.rm(tempPath, { force: true })
+
+      bin = path.join(Global.Path.bin, "terraform-ls" + (platform === "win32" ? ".exe" : ""))
+
+      if (!(await Filesystem.exists(bin))) {
+        log.error("Failed to extract terraform-ls binary")
+        return
+      }
+
+      if (platform !== "win32") {
+        await fs.chmod(bin, 0o755).catch(() => {})
+      }
+
+      log.info(`installed terraform-ls`, { bin })
+    }
+
+    return {
+      process: spawn(bin, ["serve"], {
+        cwd: root,
+      }),
+      initialization: {
+        experimentalFeatures: {
+          prefillRequiredFields: true,
+          validateOnSave: true,
+        },
+      },
+    }
+  },
+}
+
+export const TexLab: Info = {
+  id: "texlab",
+  extensions: [".tex", ".bib"],
+  root: NearestRoot([".latexmkrc", "latexmkrc", ".texlabroot", "texlabroot"]),
+  async spawn(root) {
+    let bin = which("texlab")
+
+    if (!bin) {
+      if (Flag.tulingcode_DISABLE_LSP_DOWNLOAD) return
+      log.info("downloading texlab from GitHub releases")
+
+      const response = await fetch("https://api.github.com/repos/latex-lsp/texlab/releases/latest")
+      if (!response.ok) {
+        log.error("Failed to fetch texlab release info")
+        return
+      }
+
+      const release = (await response.json()) as {
+        tag_name?: string
+        assets?: { name?: string; browser_download_url?: string }[]
+      }
+      const version = release.tag_name?.replace("v", "")
+      if (!version) {
+        log.error("texlab release did not include a version tag")
+        return
+      }
+
+      const platform = process.platform
+      const arch = process.arch
+
+      const texArch = arch === "arm64" ? "aarch64" : "x86_64"
+      const texPlatform = platform === "darwin" ? "macos" : platform === "win32" ? "windows" : "linux"
+      const ext = platform === "win32" ? "zip" : "tar.gz"
+      const assetName = `texlab-${texArch}-${texPlatform}.${ext}`
+
+      const assets = release.assets ?? []
+      const asset = assets.find((a) => a.name === assetName)
+      if (!asset?.browser_download_url) {
+        log.error(`Could not find asset ${assetName} in texlab release`)
+        return
+      }
+
+      const downloadResponse = await fetch(asset.browser_download_url)
+      if (!downloadResponse.ok) {
+        log.error("Failed to download texlab")
+        return
+      }
+
+      const tempPath = path.join(Global.Path.bin, assetName)
+      if (downloadResponse.body) await Filesystem.writeStream(tempPath, downloadResponse.body)
+
+      if (ext === "zip") {
+        const ok = await Archive.extractZip(tempPath, Global.Path.bin)
+          .then(() => true)
+          .catch((error) => {
+            log.error("Failed to extract texlab archive", { error })
+            return false
+          })
+        if (!ok) return
+      }
+      if (ext === "tar.gz") {
+        await run(["tar", "-xzf", tempPath], { cwd: Global.Path.bin })
+      }
+
+      await fs.rm(tempPath, { force: true })
+
+      bin = path.join(Global.Path.bin, "texlab" + (platform === "win32" ? ".exe" : ""))
+
+      if (!(await Filesystem.exists(bin))) {
+        log.error("Failed to extract texlab binary")
+        return
+      }
+
+      if (platform !== "win32") {
+        await fs.chmod(bin, 0o755).catch(() => {})
+      }
+
+      log.info("installed texlab", { bin })
+    }
+
+    return {
+      process: spawn(bin, {
+        cwd: root,
+      }),
+    }
+  },
+}
+
+export const DockerfileLS: Info = {
+  id: "dockerfile",
+  extensions: [".dockerfile", "Dockerfile"],
+  root: async (_file, ctx) => ctx.directory,
+  async spawn(root) {
+    let binary = which("docker-langserver")
+    const args: string[] = []
+    if (!binary) {
+      if (Flag.tulingcode_DISABLE_LSP_DOWNLOAD) return
+      const resolved = await Npm.which("dockerfile-language-server-nodejs")
+      if (!resolved) return
+      binary = resolved
+    }
+    args.push("--stdio")
+    const proc = spawn(binary, args, {
+      cwd: root,
+      env: {
+        ...process.env,
+      },
+    })
+    return {
+      process: proc,
+    }
+  },
+}
+
+export const Gleam: Info = {
+  id: "gleam",
+  extensions: [".gleam"],
+  root: NearestRoot(["gleam.toml"]),
+  async spawn(root) {
+    const gleam = which("gleam")
+    if (!gleam) {
+      log.info("gleam not found, please install gleam first")
+      return
+    }
+    return {
+      process: spawn(gleam, ["lsp"], {
+        cwd: root,
+      }),
+    }
+  },
+}
+
+export const Clojure: Info = {
+  id: "clojure-lsp",
+  extensions: [".clj", ".cljs", ".cljc", ".edn"],
+  root: NearestRoot(["deps.edn", "project.clj", "shadow-cljs.edn", "bb.edn", "build.boot"]),
+  async spawn(root) {
+    let bin = which("clojure-lsp")
+    if (!bin && process.platform === "win32") {
+      bin = which("clojure-lsp.exe")
+    }
+    if (!bin) {
+      log.info("clojure-lsp not found, please install clojure-lsp first")
+      return
+    }
+    return {
+      process: spawn(bin, ["listen"], {
+        cwd: root,
+      }),
+    }
+  },
+}
+
+export const Nixd: Info = {
+  id: "nixd",
+  extensions: [".nix"],
+  root: async (file, ctx) => {
+    // First, look for flake.nix - the most reliable Nix project root indicator
+    const flakeRoot = await NearestRoot(["flake.nix"])(file, ctx)
+    if (flakeRoot && flakeRoot !== ctx.directory) return flakeRoot
+
+    // If no flake.nix, fall back to git repository root
+    if (ctx.worktree && ctx.worktree !== ctx.directory) return ctx.worktree
+
+    // Finally, use the instance directory as fallback
+    return ctx.directory
+  },
+  async spawn(root) {
+    const nixd = which("nixd")
+    if (!nixd) {
+      log.info("nixd not found, please install nixd first")
+      return
+    }
+    return {
+      process: spawn(nixd, [], {
+        cwd: root,
+        env: {
+          ...process.env,
+        },
+      }),
+    }
+  },
+}
+
+export const Tinymist: Info = {
+  id: "tinymist",
+  extensions: [".typ", ".typc"],
+  root: NearestRoot(["typst.toml"]),
+  async spawn(root) {
+    let bin = which("tinymist")
+
+    if (!bin) {
+      if (Flag.tulingcode_DISABLE_LSP_DOWNLOAD) return
+      log.info("downloading tinymist from GitHub releases")
+
+      const response = await fetch("https://api.github.com/repos/Myriad-Dreamin/tinymist/releases/latest")
+      if (!response.ok) {
+        log.error("Failed to fetch tinymist release info")
+        return
+      }
+
+      const release = (await response.json()) as {
+        tag_name?: string
+        assets?: { name?: string; browser_download_url?: string }[]
+      }
+
+      const platform = process.platform
+      const arch = process.arch
+
+      const tinymistArch = arch === "arm64" ? "aarch64" : "x86_64"
+      let tinymistPlatform: string
+      let ext: string
+
+      if (platform === "darwin") {
+        tinymistPlatform = "apple-darwin"
+        ext = "tar.gz"
+      } else if (platform === "win32") {
+        tinymistPlatform = "pc-windows-msvc"
+        ext = "zip"
+      } else {
+        tinymistPlatform = "unknown-linux-gnu"
+        ext = "tar.gz"
+      }
+
+      const assetName = `tinymist-${tinymistArch}-${tinymistPlatform}.${ext}`
+
+      const assets = release.assets ?? []
+      const asset = assets.find((a) => a.name === assetName)
+      if (!asset?.browser_download_url) {
+        log.error(`Could not find asset ${assetName} in tinymist release`)
+        return
+      }
+
+      const downloadResponse = await fetch(asset.browser_download_url)
+      if (!downloadResponse.ok) {
+        log.error("Failed to download tinymist")
+        return
+      }
+
+      const tempPath = path.join(Global.Path.bin, assetName)
+      if (downloadResponse.body) await Filesystem.writeStream(tempPath, downloadResponse.body)
+
+      if (ext === "zip") {
+        const ok = await Archive.extractZip(tempPath, Global.Path.bin)
+          .then(() => true)
+          .catch((error) => {
+            log.error("Failed to extract tinymist archive", { error })
+            return false
+          })
+        if (!ok) return
+      } else {
+        await run(["tar", "-xzf", tempPath, "--strip-components=1"], { cwd: Global.Path.bin })
+      }
+
+      await fs.rm(tempPath, { force: true })
+
+      bin = path.join(Global.Path.bin, "tinymist" + (platform === "win32" ? ".exe" : ""))
+
+      if (!(await Filesystem.exists(bin))) {
+        log.error("Failed to extract tinymist binary")
+        return
+      }
+
+      if (platform !== "win32") {
+        await fs.chmod(bin, 0o755).catch(() => {})
+      }
+
+      log.info("installed tinymist", { bin })
+    }
+
+    return {
+      process: spawn(bin, { cwd: root }),
+    }
+  },
+}
+
+export const HLS: Info = {
+  id: "haskell-language-server",
+  extensions: [".hs", ".lhs"],
+  root: NearestRoot(["stack.yaml", "cabal.project", "hie.yaml", "*.cabal"]),
+  async spawn(root) {
+    const bin = which("haskell-language-server-wrapper")
+    if (!bin) {
+      log.info("haskell-language-server-wrapper not found, please install haskell-language-server")
+      return
+    }
+    return {
+      process: spawn(bin, ["--lsp"], {
+        cwd: root,
+      }),
+    }
+  },
+}
+
+export const JuliaLS: Info = {
+  id: "julials",
+  extensions: [".jl"],
+  root: NearestRoot(["Project.toml", "Manifest.toml", "*.jl"]),
+  async spawn(root) {
+    const julia = which("julia")
+    if (!julia) {
+      log.info("julia not found, please install julia first (https://julialang.org/downloads/)")
+      return
+    }
+    return {
+      process: spawn(julia, ["--startup-file=no", "--history-file=no", "-e", "using LanguageServer; runserver()"], {
+        cwd: root,
+      }),
+    }
+  },
+}