sparkforensics-server 0.5.1 → 0.5.2

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Files changed (199) hide show
  1. package/package.json +1 -1
  2. package/public/assets/{AutoscalingChurn-5hDGIXi4.js → AutoscalingChurn-8t3U3isq.js} +1 -1
  3. package/public/assets/{CacheUtilization-CT2SCnJJ.js → CacheUtilization-CJs9tTum.js} +1 -1
  4. package/public/assets/CachingOpportunity-D1NcHs0V.js +1 -0
  5. package/public/assets/{ColdStart-B38OiAOp.js → ColdStart-CdRJ9gD8.js} +1 -1
  6. package/public/assets/{ConfigAudit-BoplryCH.js → ConfigAudit-B5Gbe5js.js} +1 -1
  7. package/public/assets/CoreUsageArea-a--NTRGY.js +1 -0
  8. package/public/assets/{Dashboard-BgKodJl2.js → Dashboard-C1hNeX49.js} +2 -2
  9. package/public/assets/DisclosureContext-ZpE6CkHx.js +1 -0
  10. package/public/assets/{DuplicatePlanSubtree-BqS2A2j4.js → DuplicatePlanSubtree-dobXdz7E.js} +1 -1
  11. package/public/assets/{ExecutorUtilization-Dp52QGWo.js → ExecutorUtilization-D9grwi7t.js} +1 -1
  12. package/public/assets/{GcPressure-CT1yzR_s.js → GcPressure-8-G2ri10.js} +1 -1
  13. package/public/assets/{IncompleteRun-C7Qkjtjn.js → IncompleteRun-B91lky7a.js} +1 -1
  14. package/public/assets/{JobFailures-WHl3ELfh.js → JobFailures-BsWvBMyJ.js} +1 -1
  15. package/public/assets/{MemoryUtilization-D8IUDHJI.js → MemoryUtilization-BM5schZI.js} +1 -1
  16. package/public/assets/{OverBroadcast-6oSSAQ_R.js → OverBroadcast-DdN8JIJH.js} +1 -1
  17. package/public/assets/{PartitionSizing-BwdFL-mw.js → PartitionSizing-CY5HDYtp.js} +1 -1
  18. package/public/assets/{PlanExplorer-DcxmiQWL.js → PlanExplorer-DgHCDBD_.js} +1 -1
  19. package/public/assets/PlanGraphRoute-DH3KJb8j.js +1 -0
  20. package/public/assets/{RetryWaste-BTbeHkJc.js → RetryWaste-DOnE9vGF.js} +1 -1
  21. package/public/assets/{ShuffleIO-CRhrYNE0.js → ShuffleIO-MMnDESkF.js} +1 -1
  22. package/public/assets/{Skew-DSNXRG9V.js → Skew-BmZZJ5ms.js} +1 -1
  23. package/public/assets/{SlowHost-B7Lwu2EU.js → SlowHost-CsJzfEqo.js} +1 -1
  24. package/public/assets/{SmallFiles-C082c2rd.js → SmallFiles-BoK3R1Ex.js} +1 -1
  25. package/public/assets/{SpeculationWaste-BS2vpadr.js → SpeculationWaste-CnVxB5AJ.js} +1 -1
  26. package/public/assets/Spill-BhNicyBy.js +1 -0
  27. package/public/assets/{StageFailed-D3ac9Sou.js → StageFailed-mAhHU4l_.js} +1 -1
  28. package/public/assets/StageFindingGroup-BEtPWcT0.js +1 -0
  29. package/public/assets/{StageHeader-pI1nTwVf.js → StageHeader-DJkYkrsU.js} +1 -1
  30. package/public/assets/{StageShape-eO5le8iG.js → StageShape-BDxRknLp.js} +1 -1
  31. package/public/assets/{StageSlowness-BaNyfNvL.js → StageSlowness-BPRw-otN.js} +1 -1
  32. package/public/assets/{Straggler-D5Fnok_y.js → Straggler-CZCbnOWP.js} +1 -1
  33. package/public/assets/{TaskFailures-BWnC-K_G.js → TaskFailures-C57YcLFQ.js} +1 -1
  34. package/public/assets/{TinyTask-8_5lpq_2.js → TinyTask-Bi84qU7n.js} +1 -1
  35. package/public/assets/{UnderBroadcast-DJ0XSwth.js → UnderBroadcast-DdQV7htE.js} +1 -1
  36. package/public/assets/{finding-anchor-Cys8Z6Yn.js → finding-anchor-Cl6_5hfV.js} +1 -1
  37. package/public/assets/{impact-sort-BTQndbof.js → impact-sort-CssZ6MT2.js} +1 -1
  38. package/public/assets/index-2h_TgUAb.css +2 -0
  39. package/public/assets/index-B-03mG7K.js +14 -0
  40. package/public/assets/{parser-worker-DmeCnLWU.js → parser-worker-CA5RxqKc.js} +8 -8
  41. package/public/assets/{select-DIYN6D3y.js → select-CQjNhprm.js} +1 -1
  42. package/public/assets/{usePagedRows-BxvdFnPk.js → usePagedRows-Dyl6T8Ok.js} +1 -1
  43. package/public/assets/useRecentFiles-XZEnLlal.js +11 -0
  44. package/public/assets/{useSortMode-B8SRfAoG.js → useSortMode-Dhvit8dt.js} +1 -1
  45. package/public/docs/404.html +2 -2
  46. package/public/docs/assets/{app.D2GqAkhy.js → app.eYTPqTeq.js} +1 -1
  47. package/public/docs/assets/chunks/@localSearchIndexroot.u_e5bQz4.js +1 -0
  48. package/public/docs/assets/chunks/{VPLocalSearchBox.BS4cSmtW.js → VPLocalSearchBox.DsZrQKQR.js} +1 -1
  49. package/public/docs/assets/chunks/{theme.BuxVpb0H.js → theme.DsTNE2pE.js} +2 -2
  50. package/public/docs/assets/contributor-guide_architecture_detector-contract_threshold-tables.md.CKjWG56Y.js +1 -0
  51. package/public/docs/assets/contributor-guide_architecture_state-and-history_run-comparison-internals.md.CZA0JLtV.js +1 -0
  52. package/public/docs/assets/{contributor-guide_architecture_state-and-history_run-comparison-internals.md.uuAKpY0Y.lean.js → contributor-guide_architecture_state-and-history_run-comparison-internals.md.CZA0JLtV.lean.js} +1 -1
  53. package/public/docs/assets/contributor-guide_architecture_worker-protocol_cli-and-mcp.md.DC1YqXBp.js +1 -0
  54. package/public/docs/assets/{user-guide_getting-started_ci-and-automation.md.DpnfKz3x.js → user-guide_getting-started_ci-and-automation.md.OUQqw3mI.js} +5 -4
  55. package/public/docs/assets/user-guide_getting-started_ci-and-automation.md.OUQqw3mI.lean.js +1 -0
  56. package/public/docs/assets/{user-guide_mcp-tools_compare-runs.md.CPowlb2q.js → user-guide_mcp-tools_compare-runs.md.Cc_gLoix.js} +3 -2
  57. package/public/docs/assets/{user-guide_mcp-tools_compare-runs.md.CPowlb2q.lean.js → user-guide_mcp-tools_compare-runs.md.Cc_gLoix.lean.js} +1 -1
  58. package/public/docs/assets/{user-guide_mcp-tools_evaluate-budgets.md.Dq5Azk8G.js → user-guide_mcp-tools_evaluate-budgets.md.BB0nDY3Z.js} +2 -2
  59. package/public/docs/assets/{user-guide_mcp-tools_evaluate-budgets.md.Dq5Azk8G.lean.js → user-guide_mcp-tools_evaluate-budgets.md.BB0nDY3Z.lean.js} +1 -1
  60. package/public/docs/assets/user-guide_run-comparison.md.BUALkohi.js +1 -0
  61. package/public/docs/assets/user-guide_run-comparison.md.BUALkohi.lean.js +1 -0
  62. package/public/docs/assets/user-guide_run-comparison_how-stages-are-matched.md.DSXGu2tA.js +1 -0
  63. package/public/docs/assets/user-guide_run-comparison_how-stages-are-matched.md.DSXGu2tA.lean.js +1 -0
  64. package/public/docs/assets/user-guide_understanding-findings.md.C9YRruMT.js +1 -0
  65. package/public/docs/assets/user-guide_understanding-findings.md.C9YRruMT.lean.js +1 -0
  66. package/public/docs/contributor-guide/architecture/board-widgets/caching-and-memory.html +3 -3
  67. package/public/docs/contributor-guide/architecture/board-widgets/plan-advisor.html +3 -3
  68. package/public/docs/contributor-guide/architecture/board-widgets/visual-system-and-templating.html +3 -3
  69. package/public/docs/contributor-guide/architecture/board-widgets.html +3 -3
  70. package/public/docs/contributor-guide/architecture/detector-contract/plan-attribution.html +3 -3
  71. package/public/docs/contributor-guide/architecture/detector-contract/threshold-tables.html +5 -5
  72. package/public/docs/contributor-guide/architecture/detector-contract.html +3 -3
  73. package/public/docs/contributor-guide/architecture/drill-down/plan-graph.html +3 -3
  74. package/public/docs/contributor-guide/architecture/drill-down.html +3 -3
  75. package/public/docs/contributor-guide/architecture/impact-estimation/caveats-tuning-and-coverage.html +3 -3
  76. package/public/docs/contributor-guide/architecture/impact-estimation/stage-union-rollup.html +3 -3
  77. package/public/docs/contributor-guide/architecture/impact-estimation.html +3 -3
  78. package/public/docs/contributor-guide/architecture/index.html +3 -3
  79. package/public/docs/contributor-guide/architecture/overview.html +3 -3
  80. package/public/docs/contributor-guide/architecture/state-and-history/history-server-intake.html +3 -3
  81. package/public/docs/contributor-guide/architecture/state-and-history/run-comparison-internals.html +5 -5
  82. package/public/docs/contributor-guide/architecture/state-and-history.html +3 -3
  83. package/public/docs/contributor-guide/architecture/widget-rendering/findings-tab.html +3 -3
  84. package/public/docs/contributor-guide/architecture/widget-rendering/investigation-routing.html +3 -3
  85. package/public/docs/contributor-guide/architecture/widget-rendering/list-sort-mode.html +3 -3
  86. package/public/docs/contributor-guide/architecture/widget-rendering/reference-section.html +3 -3
  87. package/public/docs/contributor-guide/architecture/widget-rendering/row-expand-contract.html +3 -3
  88. package/public/docs/contributor-guide/architecture/widget-rendering.html +3 -3
  89. package/public/docs/contributor-guide/architecture/worker-protocol/cli-and-mcp.html +5 -5
  90. package/public/docs/contributor-guide/architecture/worker-protocol/core-and-event-validation.html +3 -3
  91. package/public/docs/contributor-guide/architecture/worker-protocol/evidence-availability.html +3 -3
  92. package/public/docs/contributor-guide/architecture/worker-protocol/evidence-report.html +3 -3
  93. package/public/docs/contributor-guide/architecture/worker-protocol.html +3 -3
  94. package/public/docs/contributor-guide/contributing.html +3 -3
  95. package/public/docs/contributor-guide/development-setup.html +3 -3
  96. package/public/docs/contributor-guide/testing.html +3 -3
  97. package/public/docs/hashmap.json +1 -1
  98. package/public/docs/index.html +3 -3
  99. package/public/docs/tuning-reference/anti-patterns.html +3 -3
  100. package/public/docs/tuning-reference/aqe.html +3 -3
  101. package/public/docs/tuning-reference/bottleneck-broadcast-sizing.html +3 -3
  102. package/public/docs/tuning-reference/bottleneck-cold-start.html +3 -3
  103. package/public/docs/tuning-reference/bottleneck-duplicate-plan-subtree.html +3 -3
  104. package/public/docs/tuning-reference/bottleneck-failures.html +3 -3
  105. package/public/docs/tuning-reference/bottleneck-gc.html +3 -3
  106. package/public/docs/tuning-reference/bottleneck-job-failure-rate.html +3 -3
  107. package/public/docs/tuning-reference/bottleneck-memory-utilization.html +3 -3
  108. package/public/docs/tuning-reference/bottleneck-retry-waste.html +3 -3
  109. package/public/docs/tuning-reference/bottleneck-shuffle.html +3 -3
  110. package/public/docs/tuning-reference/bottleneck-skew.html +3 -3
  111. package/public/docs/tuning-reference/bottleneck-slow-host.html +3 -3
  112. package/public/docs/tuning-reference/bottleneck-small-files.html +3 -3
  113. package/public/docs/tuning-reference/bottleneck-spill.html +3 -3
  114. package/public/docs/tuning-reference/bottleneck-straggler.html +3 -3
  115. package/public/docs/tuning-reference/bottleneck-tiny-tasks.html +3 -3
  116. package/public/docs/tuning-reference/bottleneck-utilization.html +3 -3
  117. package/public/docs/tuning-reference/caching.html +3 -3
  118. package/public/docs/tuning-reference/cluster-config.html +3 -3
  119. package/public/docs/tuning-reference/config.html +3 -3
  120. package/public/docs/tuning-reference/data-formats.html +3 -3
  121. package/public/docs/tuning-reference/index.html +3 -3
  122. package/public/docs/tuning-reference/intro.html +3 -3
  123. package/public/docs/tuning-reference/joins.html +3 -3
  124. package/public/docs/tuning-reference/memory-model.html +3 -3
  125. package/public/docs/tuning-reference/metrics.html +3 -3
  126. package/public/docs/tuning-reference/partitioning.html +3 -3
  127. package/public/docs/tuning-reference/pyspark.html +3 -3
  128. package/public/docs/tuning-reference/shuffle.html +3 -3
  129. package/public/docs/tuning-reference/spark-architecture.html +3 -3
  130. package/public/docs/tuning-reference/table-formats.html +3 -3
  131. package/public/docs/user-guide/alternative-log-retrieval/managed-platforms.html +3 -3
  132. package/public/docs/user-guide/alternative-log-retrieval/ssh-bastion.html +3 -3
  133. package/public/docs/user-guide/alternative-log-retrieval.html +3 -3
  134. package/public/docs/user-guide/getting-started/ci-and-automation.html +8 -7
  135. package/public/docs/user-guide/getting-started/reading-the-dashboard.html +3 -3
  136. package/public/docs/user-guide/getting-started/regression-metric-keys.html +3 -3
  137. package/public/docs/user-guide/getting-started/tuning-thresholds.html +3 -3
  138. package/public/docs/user-guide/getting-started.html +3 -3
  139. package/public/docs/user-guide/mcp-tools/compare-runs.html +7 -6
  140. package/public/docs/user-guide/mcp-tools/diagnose-run.html +3 -3
  141. package/public/docs/user-guide/mcp-tools/evaluate-budgets.html +5 -5
  142. package/public/docs/user-guide/mcp-tools/get-finding-documentation.html +3 -3
  143. package/public/docs/user-guide/mcp-tools/get-finding-evidence.html +3 -3
  144. package/public/docs/user-guide/mcp-tools/get-reference-doc.html +3 -3
  145. package/public/docs/user-guide/mcp-tools/get-run-summary.html +3 -3
  146. package/public/docs/user-guide/mcp-tools/list-runs.html +3 -3
  147. package/public/docs/user-guide/mcp-tools.html +3 -3
  148. package/public/docs/user-guide/run-comparison/how-stages-are-matched.html +5 -5
  149. package/public/docs/user-guide/run-comparison.html +5 -5
  150. package/public/docs/user-guide/understanding-findings.html +5 -5
  151. package/public/export-template.html +3 -3
  152. package/public/index.html +3 -3
  153. package/vendor-core/cli/budgets.js +62 -2
  154. package/vendor-core/cli/regression-budgets.js +35 -0
  155. package/vendor-core/comparison-output.js +2 -1
  156. package/vendor-core/core-source-hash.txt +1 -1
  157. package/vendor-core/detectors.js +219 -56
  158. package/vendor-core/docs-content/detection/chrn.md +3 -1
  159. package/vendor-core/docs-content/detection/cold.md +2 -1
  160. package/vendor-core/docs-content/detection/plan.md +9 -2
  161. package/vendor-core/docs-content/detection/shfl.md +8 -2
  162. package/vendor-core/docs-content/detection/skew.md +11 -5
  163. package/vendor-core/docs-content/detection/slow.md +6 -2
  164. package/vendor-core/docs-content/detection/spill.md +4 -1
  165. package/vendor-core/docs-content/detection/strag.md +5 -3
  166. package/vendor-core/docs-content/detection/tiny.md +3 -2
  167. package/vendor-core/evidence-report.js +11 -11
  168. package/vendor-core/finding-presentation.js +39 -13
  169. package/vendor-core/finding-types.js +50 -6
  170. package/vendor-core/mcp-server-factory.js +6 -2
  171. package/vendor-core/mcp-tools.js +10 -1
  172. package/vendor-core/median.js +8 -0
  173. package/vendor-core/run-comparison.js +2 -0
  174. package/vendor-core/sequence-alignment.js +83 -0
  175. package/vendor-core/stage-alignment.js +387 -63
  176. package/vendor-core/stage-quantiles.js +3 -1
  177. package/vendor-core/stage-structure.js +83 -0
  178. package/public/assets/CachingOpportunity-D_O_WkbH.js +0 -1
  179. package/public/assets/CoreUsageArea-csgwNxkl.js +0 -1
  180. package/public/assets/DisclosureContext-B0siMVdg.js +0 -1
  181. package/public/assets/PlanGraphRoute-pqnHTt4i.js +0 -1
  182. package/public/assets/Spill-B4DVKHXx.js +0 -1
  183. package/public/assets/StageFindingGroup-D9naK109.js +0 -1
  184. package/public/assets/index-BcqTLKFp.css +0 -2
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  189. package/public/docs/assets/contributor-guide_architecture_state-and-history_run-comparison-internals.md.uuAKpY0Y.js +0 -1
  190. package/public/docs/assets/contributor-guide_architecture_worker-protocol_cli-and-mcp.md.Dk08VS7n.js +0 -1
  191. package/public/docs/assets/user-guide_getting-started_ci-and-automation.md.DpnfKz3x.lean.js +0 -1
  192. package/public/docs/assets/user-guide_run-comparison.md.B6aNtDYF.js +0 -1
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  196. package/public/docs/assets/user-guide_understanding-findings.md.Dqt2H_C1.js +0 -1
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  <div id="app"><div class="Layout" data-v-5d98c3a5><!--[--><!--]--><!--[--><span tabindex="-1" data-v-0b0ada53></span><a href="#VPContent" class="VPSkipLink visually-hidden" data-v-0b0ada53>Skip to content</a><!--]--><!----><header class="VPNav" data-v-5d98c3a5 data-v-ae24b3ad><div class="VPNavBar" data-v-ae24b3ad data-v-6aa21345><div class="wrapper" data-v-6aa21345><div class="container" data-v-6aa21345><div class="title" data-v-6aa21345><div class="VPNavBarTitle has-sidebar" data-v-6aa21345 data-v-1168a8e4><a class="title" href="/docs/" data-v-1168a8e4><!--[--><!--]--><!--[--><img class="VPImage logo" src="/docs/favicon.svg" alt data-v-8426fc1a><!--]--><span data-v-1168a8e4>SparkForensics</span><!--[--><!--]--></a></div></div><div class="content" data-v-6aa21345><div class="content-body" data-v-6aa21345><!--[--><!--]--><div class="VPNavBarSearch search" data-v-6aa21345><!--[--><!----><div id="local-search"><button type="button" class="DocSearch DocSearch-Button" 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class="no-transition group" data-v-c40bc020><section class="VPSidebarItem level-0 has-active" data-v-c40bc020 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><h2 class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Getting Started</h2><!----></div><div class="items" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/docs/tuning-reference/intro.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Introduction</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><!--]--></div></section></div><div class="no-transition group" data-v-c40bc020><section class="VPSidebarItem level-0" data-v-c40bc020 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><h2 class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Optimization Guide</h2><!----></div><div class="items" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/docs/tuning-reference/spark-architecture.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Spark Execution Model</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/docs/tuning-reference/memory-model.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Memory Management</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/docs/tuning-reference/partitioning.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Partitioning</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/docs/tuning-reference/joins.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Join Optimization</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/docs/tuning-reference/shuffle.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Shuffle</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/docs/tuning-reference/data-formats.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Data Formats</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/docs/tuning-reference/table-formats.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Table Formats</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/docs/tuning-reference/caching.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Caching & Persistence</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/docs/tuning-reference/pyspark.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>PySpark Specifics</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/docs/tuning-reference/aqe.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Adaptive Query Execution</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/docs/tuning-reference/cluster-config.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Cluster Tuning</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/docs/tuning-reference/anti-patterns.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Anti-Patterns</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><!--]--></div></section></div><div class="no-transition group" data-v-c40bc020><section class="VPSidebarItem level-0" data-v-c40bc020 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><h2 class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Detector Catalog</h2><!----></div><div class="items" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/docs/tuning-reference/bottleneck-skew.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Task Skew</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/docs/tuning-reference/bottleneck-shuffle.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Shuffle I/O</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/docs/tuning-reference/bottleneck-spill.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Memory / Disk Spill</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/docs/tuning-reference/bottleneck-gc.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>GC Pressure</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/docs/tuning-reference/bottleneck-cold-start.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Cold Start</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/docs/tuning-reference/bottleneck-utilization.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Executor Utilization</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/docs/tuning-reference/bottleneck-slow-host.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Slow Host</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/docs/tuning-reference/bottleneck-failures.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Task Failures</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/docs/tuning-reference/bottleneck-straggler.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Stragglers</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/docs/tuning-reference/bottleneck-retry-waste.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Retry Waste</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/docs/tuning-reference/bottleneck-tiny-tasks.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Tiny Tasks</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/docs/tuning-reference/bottleneck-job-failure-rate.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Job Failure Rate</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/docs/tuning-reference/bottleneck-memory-utilization.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Memory Utilization</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/docs/tuning-reference/bottleneck-duplicate-plan-subtree.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Duplicate Plan Subtree</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/docs/tuning-reference/bottleneck-small-files.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Small Files</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/docs/tuning-reference/bottleneck-broadcast-sizing.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Broadcast Sizing</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><!--]--></div></section></div><div class="no-transition group" data-v-c40bc020><section class="VPSidebarItem level-0" data-v-c40bc020 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data-v-5d98c3a5 data-v-1428d186><div class="VPDoc has-sidebar has-aside" data-v-1428d186 data-v-39a288b8><!--[--><!--]--><div class="container" data-v-39a288b8><div class="aside" data-v-39a288b8><div class="aside-curtain" data-v-39a288b8></div><div class="aside-container" data-v-39a288b8><div class="aside-content" data-v-39a288b8><div class="VPDocAside" data-v-39a288b8 data-v-3f215769><!--[--><!--]--><!--[--><!--]--><nav aria-labelledby="doc-outline-aria-label" class="VPDocAsideOutline" data-v-3f215769 data-v-a5bbad30><div class="content" data-v-a5bbad30><div class="outline-marker" data-v-a5bbad30></div><div aria-level="2" class="outline-title" id="doc-outline-aria-label" role="heading" data-v-a5bbad30>On this page</div><ul class="VPDocOutlineItem root" data-v-a5bbad30 data-v-b933a997><!--[--><!--]--></ul></div></nav><!--[--><!--]--><div class="spacer" data-v-3f215769></div><!--[--><!--]--><!----><!--[--><!--]--><!--[--><!--]--></div></div></div></div><div class="content" data-v-39a288b8><div class="content-container" data-v-39a288b8><!--[--><!--]--><main class="main" data-v-39a288b8><div style="position:relative;" class="vp-doc _docs_tuning-reference_intro" data-v-39a288b8><div><h1 id="intro" tabindex="-1">Introduction <a class="header-anchor" href="#intro" aria-label="Permalink to &quot;Introduction {#intro}&quot;">​</a></h1><p>This guide is a hands-on reference for optimizing Spark and PySpark jobs. It covers <a href="./spark-architecture.html">Spark internals</a>, <a href="./memory-model.html">memory management</a>, <a href="./joins.html">joins</a>, <a href="./shuffle.html">shuffle</a>, <a href="./data-formats.html">data formats</a>, <a href="./pyspark.html">PySpark-specific patterns</a>, <a href="./aqe.html">Adaptive Query Execution</a> (AQE), and <a href="./cluster-config.html">cluster tuning</a>, followed by a bottleneck diagnostic reference.</p><p>Read it top to bottom for a full grounding in Spark performance, or jump straight to the <strong>Bottleneck Reference</strong> section below when you already know which symptom you&#39;re chasing.</p><h2 id="severity-dots" tabindex="-1">Severity dots <a class="header-anchor" href="#severity-dots" aria-label="Permalink to &quot;Severity dots&quot;">​</a></h2><p>Each finding is marked with a severity dot:</p><ul><li><span class="severity-dot info"></span> <strong>Info</strong>: worth knowing, not yet a problem</li><li><span class="severity-dot warning"></span> <strong>Warning</strong>: likely hurting job performance</li><li><span class="severity-dot critical"></span> <strong>Critical</strong>: actively bottlenecking the job</li></ul><p>Each bottleneck section below documents the exact thresholds behind these dots.</p><h2 id="tag-system" tabindex="-1">Tag system <a class="header-anchor" href="#tag-system" aria-label="Permalink to &quot;Tag system&quot;">​</a></h2><p>Every bottleneck has a short tag used throughout this reference:</p><p><span class="tag">SKEW</span> <span class="tag">SHFL</span> <span class="tag">SPILL</span><span class="tag">GC</span> <span class="tag">COLD</span> <span class="tag">UTIL</span><span class="tag">HOST</span> <span class="tag">FAIL</span> <span class="tag">STRAG</span><span class="tag">RETRY</span> <span class="tag">TINY</span> <span class="tag">FAIL-RATE</span></p><p>See the <a href="./bottleneck-skew.html">Bottleneck Reference</a> for what each one means, how it&#39;s detected, and how to fix it.</p></div></div></main><footer class="VPDocFooter" data-v-39a288b8 data-v-e257564d><!--[--><!--]--><!----><nav class="prev-next" aria-labelledby="doc-footer-aria-label" data-v-e257564d><span class="visually-hidden" id="doc-footer-aria-label" data-v-e257564d>Pager</span><div class="pager" data-v-e257564d><!----></div><div class="pager" data-v-e257564d><a class="VPLink link pager-link next" href="/docs/tuning-reference/spark-architecture.html" data-v-e257564d><!--[--><span class="desc" data-v-e257564d>Next page</span><span class="title" data-v-e257564d>Spark Execution Model</span><!--]--></a></div></nav></footer><!--[--><!--]--></div></div></div><!--[--><!--]--></div></div><!----><!--[--><!--]--></div></div>
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class="no-transition group" data-v-c40bc020><section class="VPSidebarItem level-0" data-v-c40bc020 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><h2 class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Getting Started</h2><!----></div><div class="items" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/docs/tuning-reference/intro.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Introduction</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><!--]--></div></section></div><div class="no-transition group" data-v-c40bc020><section class="VPSidebarItem level-0 has-active" data-v-c40bc020 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><h2 class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Optimization Guide</h2><!----></div><div class="items" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/docs/tuning-reference/spark-architecture.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Spark Execution Model</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/docs/tuning-reference/memory-model.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Memory Management</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/docs/tuning-reference/partitioning.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Partitioning</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/docs/tuning-reference/joins.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Join Optimization</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/docs/tuning-reference/shuffle.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Shuffle</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/docs/tuning-reference/data-formats.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Data Formats</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/docs/tuning-reference/table-formats.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Table Formats</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/docs/tuning-reference/caching.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Caching & Persistence</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/docs/tuning-reference/pyspark.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>PySpark Specifics</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/docs/tuning-reference/aqe.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Adaptive Query Execution</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/docs/tuning-reference/cluster-config.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Cluster Tuning</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/docs/tuning-reference/anti-patterns.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Anti-Patterns</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><!--]--></div></section></div><div class="no-transition group" data-v-c40bc020><section class="VPSidebarItem level-0" data-v-c40bc020 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><h2 class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Detector Catalog</h2><!----></div><div class="items" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/docs/tuning-reference/bottleneck-skew.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Task Skew</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/docs/tuning-reference/bottleneck-shuffle.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Shuffle I/O</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/docs/tuning-reference/bottleneck-spill.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Memory / Disk Spill</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/docs/tuning-reference/bottleneck-gc.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>GC Pressure</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/docs/tuning-reference/bottleneck-cold-start.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Cold Start</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/docs/tuning-reference/bottleneck-utilization.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Executor Utilization</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/docs/tuning-reference/bottleneck-slow-host.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Slow Host</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/docs/tuning-reference/bottleneck-failures.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Task Failures</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/docs/tuning-reference/bottleneck-straggler.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Stragglers</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/docs/tuning-reference/bottleneck-retry-waste.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Retry Waste</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/docs/tuning-reference/bottleneck-tiny-tasks.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Tiny Tasks</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/docs/tuning-reference/bottleneck-job-failure-rate.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Job Failure Rate</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/docs/tuning-reference/bottleneck-memory-utilization.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Memory Utilization</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/docs/tuning-reference/bottleneck-duplicate-plan-subtree.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Duplicate Plan Subtree</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/docs/tuning-reference/bottleneck-small-files.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Small Files</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/docs/tuning-reference/bottleneck-broadcast-sizing.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Broadcast Sizing</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><!--]--></div></section></div><div class="no-transition group" data-v-c40bc020><section class="VPSidebarItem level-0" data-v-c40bc020 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data-v-5d98c3a5 data-v-1428d186><div class="VPDoc has-sidebar has-aside" data-v-1428d186 data-v-39a288b8><!--[--><!--]--><div class="container" data-v-39a288b8><div class="aside" data-v-39a288b8><div class="aside-curtain" data-v-39a288b8></div><div class="aside-container" data-v-39a288b8><div class="aside-content" data-v-39a288b8><div class="VPDocAside" data-v-39a288b8 data-v-3f215769><!--[--><!--]--><!--[--><!--]--><nav aria-labelledby="doc-outline-aria-label" class="VPDocAsideOutline" data-v-3f215769 data-v-a5bbad30><div class="content" data-v-a5bbad30><div class="outline-marker" data-v-a5bbad30></div><div aria-level="2" class="outline-title" id="doc-outline-aria-label" role="heading" data-v-a5bbad30>On this page</div><ul class="VPDocOutlineItem root" data-v-a5bbad30 data-v-b933a997><!--[--><!--]--></ul></div></nav><!--[--><!--]--><div class="spacer" data-v-3f215769></div><!--[--><!--]--><!----><!--[--><!--]--><!--[--><!--]--></div></div></div></div><div class="content" data-v-39a288b8><div class="content-container" data-v-39a288b8><!--[--><!--]--><main class="main" data-v-39a288b8><div style="position:relative;" class="vp-doc _docs_tuning-reference_joins" data-v-39a288b8><div><h1 id="joins" tabindex="-1">Join Optimization <a class="header-anchor" href="#joins" aria-label="Permalink to &quot;Join Optimization {#joins}&quot;">​</a></h1><h2 id="join-strategy-selection" tabindex="-1">Join strategy selection <a class="header-anchor" href="#join-strategy-selection" aria-label="Permalink to &quot;Join strategy selection&quot;">​</a></h2><p>Spark SQL&#39;s Catalyst optimizer picks from five physical join operators: broadcast hash join, broadcast nested loop join, shuffle hash join, shuffle sort-merge join (SMJ), and shuffle-and-replicate nested loop (cartesian) join<sup class="footnote-ref"><a href="#fn1" id="fnref1">[1]</a></sup>. Broadcast hash join avoids a shuffle entirely by sending one small side to every executor; it requires an equi-join condition and supports every join type except full outer<sup class="footnote-ref"><a href="#fn1" id="fnref1:1">[1:1]</a></sup>. Broadcast nested loop join relaxes the equi-join requirement (it supports non-equi conditions and every join type) at the cost of scanning one side repeatedly, so it&#39;s normally a fallback rather than a first choice<sup class="footnote-ref"><a href="#fn1" id="fnref1:2">[1:2]</a></sup>. Unlike hand-tuned RDD joins, where the partitioner is chosen explicitly, Spark SQL&#39;s optimizer can also push down or reorder other operators automatically to make the eventual join cheaper<sup class="footnote-ref"><a href="#fn1" id="fnref1:3">[1:3]</a></sup>.</p><p>At the communication level, Spark&#39;s choice is binary: an all-to-all <a href="./shuffle.html">shuffle</a> join, or a broadcast join that replicates the small side once so every node can then join locally with no further network traffic<sup class="footnote-ref"><a href="#fn2" id="fnref2">[2]</a></sup>. Once a join has been routed to a shuffle-based strategy (broadcast wasn&#39;t used), Spark defaults to preferring sort-merge join over shuffle hash join, a preference controlled by <code>spark.sql.join.preferSortMergeJoin</code><sup class="footnote-ref"><a href="#fn3" id="fnref3">[3]</a></sup>. Since Spark 3.2, <a href="./aqe.html">Adaptive Query Execution</a> (AQE), on by default, re-optimizes the physical plan mid-execution using runtime statistics gathered after the shuffle actually runs, rather than relying only on pre-execution estimates<sup class="footnote-ref"><a href="#fn4" id="fnref4">[4]</a></sup>.</p><img class="light-only" src="/docs/assets/join-strategy.C_FvrCEo.svg" alt="Decision tree for choosing a physical join operator: the equi-join test splits off the nested-loop strategies, then the broadcast-threshold and preferSortMergeJoin checks select broadcast hash, sort-merge, or shuffle hash join, with AQE able to promote sort-merge to broadcast at runtime."><img class="dark-only" src="/docs/assets/join-strategy.dark.ChMLnNII.svg" alt="Decision tree for choosing a physical join operator: the equi-join test splits off the nested-loop strategies, then the broadcast-threshold and preferSortMergeJoin checks select broadcast hash, sort-merge, or shuffle hash join, with AQE able to promote sort-merge to broadcast at runtime."><h2 id="reading-it-in-the-plan" tabindex="-1">Reading it in the plan <a class="header-anchor" href="#reading-it-in-the-plan" aria-label="Permalink to &quot;Reading it in the plan&quot;">​</a></h2><p>That choice is legible before a job even runs. The deciding signal is the relation&#39;s size relative to <code>spark.sql.autoBroadcastJoinThreshold</code>, which defaults to <code>10485760</code> bytes (10 MB), unchanged since it was introduced in Spark 1.1.0 and still the documented default in Spark 3.5<sup class="footnote-ref"><a href="#fn4" id="fnref4:1">[4:1]</a></sup><sup class="footnote-ref"><a href="#fn5" id="fnref5">[5]</a></sup>. That comparison is driven by table/plan size statistics rather than a fresh scan of the data: Spark consults catalog statistics (collected via <code>ANALYZE TABLE</code>, inspectable through <code>DESCRIBE EXTENDED</code>) and the cost estimates shown in <code>EXPLAIN COST</code><sup class="footnote-ref"><a href="#fn4" id="fnref4:2">[4:2]</a></sup>. When those statistics are missing, <code>spark.sql.statistics.fallBackToHdfs</code> (default <code>false</code>) controls whether Spark falls back to on-disk file size to judge broadcast eligibility, and for partitioned tables without statistics Spark instead uses the <code>spark.sql.defaultSizeInBytes</code> placeholder<sup class="footnote-ref"><a href="#fn5" id="fnref5:1">[5:1]</a></sup>.</p><blockquote><p><strong>PySpark:</strong> don&#39;t guess whether a join will broadcast. Call <code>df.explain(mode=&quot;cost&quot;)</code> to see the same size estimates Catalyst used to pick the strategy.</p></blockquote><p>Because AQE re-optimizes at runtime, the physical join operator visible in a plan can change after execution starts. Two runtime-driven overrides are worth checking for in the Spark UI or an <code>EXPLAIN</code> plan: <code>spark.sql.adaptive.maxShuffledHashJoinLocalMapThreshold</code> (default <code>0</code>, disabled) can make AQE prefer shuffled hash join over sort-merge &quot;regardless of the value of <code>spark.sql.join.preferSortMergeJoin</code>&quot; whenever every post-shuffle partition stays under that threshold and above <code>spark.sql.adaptive.advisoryPartitionSizeInBytes</code><sup class="footnote-ref"><a href="#fn4" id="fnref4:3">[4:3]</a></sup>; separately, AQE can convert an already-planned sort-merge join into a broadcast hash join mid-execution when the runtime statistics of either join side turn out smaller than the adaptive broadcast threshold<sup class="footnote-ref"><a href="#fn4" id="fnref4:4">[4:4]</a></sup>.</p><p>Bucketing status is also visible directly in the physical plan: a shuffle-free bucketed join only appears once both sides are bucketed to the same count, at which point the <code>Exchange</code> nodes disappear entirely<sup class="footnote-ref"><a href="#fn6" id="fnref6">[6]</a></sup>. This is demonstrated with 4 buckets on each side<sup class="footnote-ref"><a href="#fn7" id="fnref7">[7]</a></sup> and with 16 buckets on each side, where the plan shows <code>SelectedBucketsCount: 16 out of 16</code> on both branches of the <code>SortMergeJoin</code><sup class="footnote-ref"><a href="#fn8" id="fnref8">[8]</a></sup>. A separate real-world account of eliminating a bucketed shuffle frames the same signal just as plainly: the giveaway is that &quot;the right branch is missing an Exchange (i.e. shuffle)&quot;<sup class="footnote-ref"><a href="#fn6" id="fnref6:1">[6:1]</a></sup>. Removing the shuffle this way does not necessarily remove the sort phase: in the 16-bucket demo, a <code>Sort</code> operator still appears on each branch of the <code>SortMergeJoin</code> even with the <code>Exchange</code> gone<sup class="footnote-ref"><a href="#fn8" id="fnref8:1">[8:1]</a></sup>.</p><p>Whether Catalyst is reordering joins (rather than just individual operators) is also a config check: <code>spark.sql.cbo.enabled</code> and the separate <code>spark.sql.cbo.joinReorder.enabled</code> flag both default to <code>false</code>, so multi-way join reordering is off unless both are explicitly enabled<sup class="footnote-ref"><a href="#fn5" id="fnref5:2">[5:2]</a></sup>. That&#39;s distinct from Catalyst&#39;s regular rule-based optimizations, which run regardless of those flags. For example, a filter written after a join in the DataFrame API was observed moved before the join (and pushed into the JDBC source) automatically, visible in the physical plan<sup class="footnote-ref"><a href="#fn9" id="fnref9">[9]</a></sup>.</p><h2 id="costs-the-plan-doesn-t-show" tabindex="-1">Costs the plan doesn&#39;t show <a class="header-anchor" href="#costs-the-plan-doesn-t-show" aria-label="Permalink to &quot;Costs the plan doesn&#39;t show&quot;">​</a></h2><p>Picking a strategy is one thing; paying for it is another. Broadcasting isn&#39;t free on the driver side. Building a broadcast join replicates the small-side DataFrame to every worker, but that replication is preceded by collecting the DataFrame back to the driver first: an <a href="./bottleneck-broadcast-sizing.html">oversized broadcast</a>, whether chosen automatically or forced via a hint or <code>broadcast()</code> call, &quot;can crash your driver node (because that collect is expensive)&quot;<sup class="footnote-ref"><a href="#fn2" id="fnref2:1">[2:1]</a></sup>. The shuffle-and-replicate nested loop (cartesian-style) strategy carries a related but distinct risk: because every partition is joined against every other partition, it has a high chance of data explosion<sup class="footnote-ref"><a href="#fn1" id="fnref1:4">[1:4]</a></sup>.</p><p>Bucketing&#39;s shuffle-free path also has a real tradeoff once bucket counts don&#39;t match exactly. Since Spark 3.1, <code>spark.sql.bucketing.coalesceBucketsInJoin.enabled</code> lets Spark coalesce the side with more buckets down to the smaller count, but only within a ratio bounded by <code>spark.sql.bucketing.coalesceBucketsInJoin.maxBucketRatio</code> (default <code>4</code>). Enabling it can still remove the shuffle, but it does so by cutting parallelism on the finer-grained side, and Spark&#39;s own docs note it &quot;could possibly cause OOM for shuffled hash join&quot; as a result<sup class="footnote-ref"><a href="#fn5" id="fnref5:3">[5:3]</a></sup>. Outside that ratio, or with coalescing disabled, mismatched bucket counts get no free win at all: the join simply falls back to a normal shuffle.</p><h2 id="forcing-a-strategy" tabindex="-1">Forcing a strategy <a class="header-anchor" href="#forcing-a-strategy" aria-label="Permalink to &quot;Forcing a strategy&quot;">​</a></h2><p>When the automatic choice isn&#39;t the right one, Spark still lets you override it directly. Join hints force a specific strategy per relation, and Spark honors them even against its own size-based defaults:</p><ul><li><strong>BROADCAST</strong> (also accepted as <code>BROADCASTJOIN</code>/<code>MAPJOIN</code>) forces a broadcast join with the hinted relation as the build side (broadcast hash if there&#39;s an equi-join key, broadcast nested loop otherwise), and this is honored &quot;even if the size of table &#39;t1&#39; suggested by the statistics is above the configuration <code>spark.sql.autoBroadcastJoinThreshold</code>&quot;<sup class="footnote-ref"><a href="#fn4" id="fnref4:5">[4:5]</a></sup>.</li><li><strong>MERGE</strong> forces a shuffle sort-merge join; it needs an equi-join on sortable keys and high cardinality to pay off, and is less prone to OOM than the hash-based options since it never builds an in-memory hash table<sup class="footnote-ref"><a href="#fn1" id="fnref1:5">[1:5]</a></sup>.</li><li><strong>SHUFFLE_HASH</strong> forces a shuffle hash join, supporting all join types on an equi-join key but, like MERGE, wanting high cardinality; it builds a per-partition hash table after the shuffle<sup class="footnote-ref"><a href="#fn1" id="fnref1:6">[1:6]</a></sup>.</li><li><strong>SHUFFLE_REPLICATE_NL</strong> forces the shuffle-and-replicate nested loop join, supporting inner and cartesian joins with equi or non-equi conditions<sup class="footnote-ref"><a href="#fn1" id="fnref1:7">[1:7]</a></sup>.</li></ul><p>When both sides of a join carry conflicting hints, Spark resolves them by a fixed priority: BROADCAST over MERGE over SHUFFLE_HASH over SHUFFLE_REPLICATE_NL. If both sides carry the <em>same</em> BROADCAST or SHUFFLE_HASH hint, Spark still picks a build side based on join type and relation sizes<sup class="footnote-ref"><a href="#fn4" id="fnref4:6">[4:6]</a></sup>. As with any hint, none of this is guaranteed: Spark won&#39;t honor a hinted strategy that structurally can&#39;t support the actual join type being performed<sup class="footnote-ref"><a href="#fn4" id="fnref4:7">[4:7]</a></sup>. The threshold itself can also be turned off outright: setting <code>spark.sql.autoBroadcastJoinThreshold</code> to <code>-1</code> forces every join to fall back to shuffle sort-merge instead of ever considering broadcast<sup class="footnote-ref"><a href="#fn3" id="fnref3:1">[3:1]</a></sup>.</p><p>For repeated joins on the same key, bucketing both tables to the <em>same</em> bucket count removes the shuffle for free. To also remove the sort phase (not just the shuffle), the bucketed tables additionally need to be written pre-sorted on the join key, using <code>sortBy</code> alongside <code>bucketBy</code>; done that way, the merge phase has nothing left to do, since &quot;the joined output is sorted ... because we saved the tables sorted in ascending order ... there&#39;s no need to sort during the <code>SortMergeJoin</code>,&quot; and the Spark UI shows the query going straight to <code>WholeStageCodegen</code> with no <code>Exchange</code> at all<sup class="footnote-ref"><a href="#fn3" id="fnref3:2">[3:2]</a></sup>.</p><blockquote><p><strong>PySpark:</strong> <code>df.write.bucketBy(n, &quot;key&quot;).saveAsTable(...)</code> drops the shuffle; add <code>.sortBy(&quot;key&quot;)</code> on both tables to drop the sort phase too.</p></blockquote><p>Multi-way join reordering is a deliberate opt-in: enable <code>spark.sql.cbo.enabled</code> for cost-based statistics, then <code>spark.sql.cbo.joinReorder.enabled</code> for the reordering rule itself. <code>spark.sql.cbo.joinReorder.dp.threshold</code> caps the dynamic-programming enumeration at 12 joined nodes by default, and <code>spark.sql.cbo.joinReorder.dp.star.filter</code> applies star-join filter heuristics on top of it<sup class="footnote-ref"><a href="#fn5" id="fnref5:4">[5:4]</a></sup>. A lighter-weight alternative that skips full CBO is <code>spark.sql.cbo.starSchemaDetection</code> (default <code>false</code>), which enables join reordering based on star-schema detection alone<sup class="footnote-ref"><a href="#fn5" id="fnref5:5">[5:5]</a></sup>.</p><p>For <a href="./bottleneck-skew.html">skewed join keys</a>, Spark offers two built-in alternatives to hand-rolled salting: AQE&#39;s skew-join handling (<code>spark.sql.adaptive.skewJoin.enabled</code>), which detects oversized shuffle partitions at runtime and splits them automatically, replicating if needed<sup class="footnote-ref"><a href="#fn10" id="fnref10">[10]</a></sup><sup class="footnote-ref"><a href="#fn5" id="fnref5:6">[5:6]</a></sup>, and Databricks&#39; declarative <code>SKEW</code> hint, which builds a skew-aware plan without any manual salting<sup class="footnote-ref"><a href="#fn11" id="fnref11">[11]</a></sup>. Manual salting remains the fallback where neither is available: add a random salt column to the join key on both sides so a hot key spreads across many partitions (exploding the dimension side into one row per salt value and assigning a random salt on the fact side), then join on the composite <code>(key, salt)</code> pair<sup class="footnote-ref"><a href="#fn12" id="fnref12">[12]</a></sup>.</p><h2 id="sources" tabindex="-1">Sources <a class="header-anchor" href="#sources" aria-label="Permalink to &quot;Sources&quot;">​</a></h2><hr class="footnotes-sep"><section class="footnotes"><ol class="footnotes-list"><li id="fn1" class="footnote-item"><p><em>High Performance Spark, 2nd Edition</em>, Karau, Polak &amp; Warren, ch. 6 <a href="#fnref1" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a> <a href="#fnref1:1" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a> <a href="#fnref1:2" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a> <a href="#fnref1:3" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a> <a href="#fnref1:4" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a> <a href="#fnref1:5" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a> <a href="#fnref1:6" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a> <a href="#fnref1:7" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a></p></li><li id="fn2" class="footnote-item"><p><em>Spark: The Definitive Guide</em>, Chambers &amp; Zaharia, ch. 8 <a href="#fnref2" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a> <a href="#fnref2:1" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a></p></li><li id="fn3" class="footnote-item"><p><em>Learning Spark, 2nd Edition</em>, Damji, Wenig, Das, Lee, ch. 7 <a href="#fnref3" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a> <a href="#fnref3:1" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a> <a href="#fnref3:2" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a></p></li><li id="fn4" class="footnote-item"><p><a href="https://spark.apache.org/docs/latest/sql-performance-tuning.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Performance Tuning — Spark SQL, DataFrames and Datasets Guide</a> <a href="#fnref4" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a> <a href="#fnref4:1" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a> <a href="#fnref4:2" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a> <a href="#fnref4:3" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a> <a href="#fnref4:4" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a> <a href="#fnref4:5" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a> <a href="#fnref4:6" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a> <a href="#fnref4:7" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a></p></li><li id="fn5" class="footnote-item"><p><a href="https://spark.apache.org/docs/latest/configuration.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Configuration — Spark</a> <a href="#fnref5" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a> <a href="#fnref5:1" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a> <a href="#fnref5:2" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a> <a href="#fnref5:3" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a> <a href="#fnref5:4" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a> <a href="#fnref5:5" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a> <a href="#fnref5:6" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a></p></li><li id="fn6" class="footnote-item"><p><a href="https://www.taboola.com/engineering/bucket-the-shuffle-out-of-here/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Bucket the Shuffle Out of Here</a> <a href="#fnref6" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a> <a href="#fnref6:1" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a></p></li><li id="fn7" class="footnote-item"><p><a href="https://books.japila.pl/spark-sql-internals/bucketing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Bucketing — The Internals of Spark SQL</a> <a href="#fnref7" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a></p></li><li id="fn8" class="footnote-item"><p><a href="https://luminousmen.com/post/the-5-minute-guide-to-using-bucketing-in-pyspark" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">The 5-Minute Guide to Using Bucketing in PySpark</a> <a href="#fnref8" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a> <a href="#fnref8:1" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a></p></li><li id="fn9" class="footnote-item"><p><a href="https://luminousmen.com/post/spark-tips-dataframe-api" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Spark Tips: DataFrame API</a> <a href="#fnref9" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a></p></li><li id="fn10" class="footnote-item"><p><a href="https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/SPARK-29544" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">SPARK-29544 — Optimize Skewed Join at Runtime</a> <a href="#fnref10" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a></p></li><li id="fn11" class="footnote-item"><p><a href="https://docs.databricks.com/aws/en/archive/legacy/skew-join" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Skew Join Hint</a> <a href="#fnref11" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a></p></li><li id="fn12" class="footnote-item"><p><a href="https://luminousmen.com/post/spark-tips-partition-tuning" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Spark Tips: Partition Tuning</a> <a href="#fnref12" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a></p></li></ol></section></div></div></main><footer class="VPDocFooter" data-v-39a288b8 data-v-e257564d><!--[--><!--]--><!----><nav class="prev-next" aria-labelledby="doc-footer-aria-label" data-v-e257564d><span class="visually-hidden" id="doc-footer-aria-label" data-v-e257564d>Pager</span><div class="pager" data-v-e257564d><a class="VPLink link pager-link prev" href="/docs/tuning-reference/partitioning.html" data-v-e257564d><!--[--><span class="desc" data-v-e257564d>Previous page</span><span class="title" data-v-e257564d>Partitioning</span><!--]--></a></div><div class="pager" data-v-e257564d><a class="VPLink link pager-link next" href="/docs/tuning-reference/shuffle.html" data-v-e257564d><!--[--><span class="desc" data-v-e257564d>Next page</span><span class="title" data-v-e257564d>Shuffle</span><!--]--></a></div></nav></footer><!--[--><!--]--></div></div></div><!--[--><!--]--></div></div><!----><!--[--><!--]--></div></div>
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