npm - sparkforensics-server - Versions diffs - 0.5.1 → 0.5.2 - Mend

sparkforensics-server 0.5.1 → 0.5.2

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 <span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"># If the slow host holds data locality, wait less before falling back to another executor</span></span>
 <span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">spark.locality.wait</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">=3s                  </span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"># default; lower to fall back sooner</span></span></code></pre></div><h2 id="confidence" tabindex="-1">Confidence <a class="header-anchor" href="#confidence" aria-label="Permalink to &quot;Confidence&quot;"></a></h2><p>The core <code>durationShare</code> dimension is validated: it measures host-wide task-duration inflation against the cluster median, the signal that separates a genuinely slow machine from normal task-time variance. Two secondary dimensions run best-effort and stay experimental. The <code>multiDim</code> dimension <span class="tag">EXPERIMENTAL</span> folds several per-host signals into one score, but that combined heuristic has not been validated. The <code>storageMemory</code> dimension <span class="tag">EXPERIMENTAL</span> likewise reads host-level memory pressure as a contributing factor without validation, so treat both as hints rather than verdicts.</p><h2 id="limitations-false-positive-risk" tabindex="-1">Limitations / false-positive risk <a class="header-anchor" href="#limitations-false-positive-risk" aria-label="Permalink to &quot;Limitations / false-positive risk&quot;"></a></h2><p>A host that looks slow is not always a bad node. It can simply hold data locality for the tasks scheduled there, or carry one heavy stage that happens to be pinned to it, either of which inflates its mean task time without any hardware fault. The multi-dimensional scoring that reinforces the core signal is best-effort, so a match warrants a look at what that host was actually running before you conclude the machine itself is the problem.</p><h2 id="bottleneck-stage-slowness" tabindex="-1">Stage slowness <a class="header-anchor" href="#bottleneck-stage-slowness" aria-label="Permalink to &quot;Stage slowness {#bottleneck-stage-slowness}&quot;"></a></h2><p><span class="tag">SLOW</span> <span class="tag">EXPERIMENTAL</span></p><p>This is an experimental fallback heuristic that shares the slow-host anchor and is suppressed whenever <code>slowHost</code> fires. It answers a different question: when no single machine is dragging, why does one stage still lag the rest of the job? The cause usually traces back to how the work was divided rather than where it ran.</p><p><strong>Too few partitions caps parallelism.</strong> Wide stages (joins, groupBy, aggregations) take their partition count from <code>spark.sql.shuffle.partitions</code>, which sits at a default of 200 whether the shuffle moves 20 MB or 500 GB unless you change it<sup class="footnote-ref"><a href="#fn4" id="fnref4">[4]</a></sup>. When that count is small relative to the cluster, only a handful of tasks carry the stage while cores sit idle, so it stretches out even as better-sized neighbors finish quickly. The first move is to raise its parallelism, aiming for at least two or three tasks per CPU core on a data-heavy stage, tuned through <code>spark.default.parallelism</code> and <code>spark.sql.shuffle.partitions</code><sup class="footnote-ref"><a href="#fn5" id="fnref5">[5]</a></sup>.</p><p><strong>Large data volume per task makes each task run long.</strong> That 200-partition default does not scale with input size, so a stage handling hundreds of gigabytes hands each task a large slice: fewer tasks run at once, per-executor load climbs, and the stage often trips memory errors. Roughly 100-200 MB per task tends to work well, and tasks grinding through around 3 GB each while spilling are a sign you need more partitions<sup class="footnote-ref"><a href="#fn4" id="fnref4:1">[4:1]</a></sup>.</p><p><strong>Heavy shuffle and spill inflate the stage&#39;s cost.</strong> Shuffles move data across executors so rows with the same key land together, and during those map and <a href="./shuffle.html">shuffle</a> operations Spark writes to and reads from local-disk shuffle files, which is heavy I/O that can become a bottleneck under the default configuration<sup class="footnote-ref"><a href="#fn2" id="fnref2:1">[2:1]</a></sup>. Volume per task feeds straight into it: once a partition outgrows the memory available in an executor, Spark <a href="./bottleneck-spill.html">spills</a> part of the data to disk, and spills are about the slowest thing a job can do because of the extra disk I/O and garbage collection, so the stage finishes but runs far less efficiently than the rest<sup class="footnote-ref"><a href="#fn4" id="fnref4:2">[4:2]</a></sup>.</p><h2 id="related" tabindex="-1">Related <a class="header-anchor" href="#related" aria-label="Permalink to &quot;Related&quot;"></a></h2><ul><li><strong>Speculation &amp; locality tuning:</strong> <a href="./cluster-config.html">Cluster Tuning</a></li></ul><hr class="footnotes-sep"><section class="footnotes"><ol class="footnotes-list"><li id="fn1" class="footnote-item"><p><a href="https://spark.apache.org/docs/latest/monitoring.html#spark-history-server" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Monitoring and Instrumentation</a> <a href="#fnref1" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a></p></li><li id="fn2" class="footnote-item"><p><em>Learning Spark, 2nd Edition</em>, Damji, Wenig, Das, Lee, ch. 7 <a href="#fnref2" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a> <a href="#fnref2:1" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a></p></li><li id="fn3" class="footnote-item"><p><a href="https://spark.apache.org/docs/latest/configuration.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Configuration (Spark)</a> <a href="#fnref3" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a> <a href="#fnref3:1" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a></p></li><li id="fn4" class="footnote-item"><p><a href="https://luminousmen.com/post/spark-partitions" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Spark Partitions</a> <a href="#fnref4" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a> <a href="#fnref4:1" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a> <a href="#fnref4:2" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a></p></li><li id="fn5" class="footnote-item"><p><em>Spark: The Definitive Guide</em>, Chambers &amp; Zaharia (O&#39;Reilly, 2018) <a href="#fnref5" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a></p></li></ol></section></div></div></main><footer class="VPDocFooter" data-v-39a288b8 data-v-e257564d><!--[--><!--]--><!----><nav class="prev-next" aria-labelledby="doc-footer-aria-label" data-v-e257564d><span class="visually-hidden" id="doc-footer-aria-label" data-v-e257564d>Pager</span><div class="pager" data-v-e257564d><a class="VPLink link pager-link prev" href="/docs/tuning-reference/bottleneck-utilization.html" data-v-e257564d><!--[--><span class="desc" data-v-e257564d>Previous page</span><span class="title" data-v-e257564d>Executor Utilization</span><!--]--></a></div><div class="pager" data-v-e257564d><a class="VPLink link pager-link next" href="/docs/tuning-reference/bottleneck-failures.html" data-v-e257564d><!--[--><span class="desc" data-v-e257564d>Next page</span><span class="title" data-v-e257564d>Task Failures</span><!--]--></a></div></nav></footer><!--[--><!--]--></div></div></div><!--[--><!--]--></div></div><!----><!--[--><!--]--></div></div>
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 <span class="line"></span>
 <span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"># Full reshuffle to a target count when the distribution itself needs fixing</span></span>
 <span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">df.repartition(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">100</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">).write.parquet(path)</span></span></code></pre></div><p>For runtime control, <a href="./aqe.html">Adaptive Query Execution</a> can merge tiny shuffle partitions on its own. With <code>spark.sql.adaptive.enabled</code> and <code>spark.sql.adaptive.coalescePartitions.enabled</code> (default true) set, AQE coalesces contiguous shuffle partitions toward <code>spark.sql.adaptive.advisoryPartitionSizeInBytes</code> (default 64 MB)<sup class="footnote-ref"><a href="#fn4" id="fnref4:5">[4:5]</a></sup><sup class="footnote-ref"><a href="#fn5" id="fnref5:1">[5:1]</a></sup>. Just mind the scope: AQE only engages after the first shuffle, so it fixes shuffle-output partition counts but will not repair input-side partitioning or a bad file layout on disk<sup class="footnote-ref"><a href="#fn6" id="fnref6">[6]</a></sup>.</p><h2 id="confidence" tabindex="-1">Confidence <a class="header-anchor" href="#confidence" aria-label="Permalink to &quot;Confidence&quot;"></a></h2><p>The core inference, that one output file per partition times a high partition count yields many tiny files, is grounded directly in Spark&#39;s write behavior<sup class="footnote-ref"><a href="#fn4" id="fnref4:6">[4:6]</a></sup>, and the mitigation levers (<code>coalesce()</code>, <code>repartition()</code>, and AQE coalescing) are documented Spark features<sup class="footnote-ref"><a href="#fn4" id="fnref4:7">[4:7]</a></sup><sup class="footnote-ref"><a href="#fn5" id="fnref5:2">[5:2]</a></sup>.</p><h2 id="limitations-false-positive-risk" tabindex="-1">Limitations / false-positive risk <a class="header-anchor" href="#limitations-false-positive-risk" aria-label="Permalink to &quot;Limitations / false-positive risk&quot;"></a></h2><p>A high file count can be perfectly legitimate: partitioned output deliberately fans data across many files by partition column, so a large count there is by design, not a defect. And AQE coalescing is not a cure-all here, since it only affects post-shuffle partitions and leaves the input file layout untouched<sup class="footnote-ref"><a href="#fn6" id="fnref6:1">[6:1]</a></sup>. The signal reflects the shape, not intent, so confirm the write is not an intended partitioned layout before acting.</p><h2 id="related" tabindex="-1">Related <a class="header-anchor" href="#related" aria-label="Permalink to &quot;Related&quot;"></a></h2><ul><li><strong>Partition sizing:</strong> <a href="./partitioning.html">Partitioning</a></li><li><strong>Too many small tasks:</strong> <a href="./bottleneck-tiny-tasks.html">Tiny Tasks</a></li></ul><hr class="footnotes-sep"><section class="footnotes"><ol class="footnotes-list"><li id="fn1" class="footnote-item"><p><em>Spark: The Definitive Guide</em>, Chambers &amp; Zaharia, ch. 19 <a href="#fnref1" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a></p></li><li id="fn2" class="footnote-item"><p><em>Learning Spark, 2nd Edition</em>, Damji, Wenig, Das, Lee, ch. 7 <a href="#fnref2" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a> <a href="#fnref2:1" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a></p></li><li id="fn3" class="footnote-item"><p><a href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/apache/spark/v3.5.0/sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/internal/SQLConf.scala" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">SQLConf.scala</a> <a href="#fnref3" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a></p></li><li id="fn4" class="footnote-item"><p><a href="https://luminousmen.com/post/spark-partitions" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Spark Partitions</a> <a href="#fnref4" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a> <a href="#fnref4:1" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a> <a href="#fnref4:2" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a> <a href="#fnref4:3" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a> <a href="#fnref4:4" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a> <a href="#fnref4:5" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a> <a href="#fnref4:6" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a> <a href="#fnref4:7" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a></p></li><li id="fn5" class="footnote-item"><p><a href="https://spark.apache.org/docs/latest/sql-performance-tuning.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Performance Tuning (Spark SQL, DataFrames and Datasets Guide)</a> <a href="#fnref5" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a> <a href="#fnref5:1" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a> <a href="#fnref5:2" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a></p></li><li id="fn6" class="footnote-item"><p><a href="https://luminousmen.com/post/the-apache-spark-optimization-checklist" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">The Apache Spark Optimization Checklist</a> <a href="#fnref6" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a> <a href="#fnref6:1" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a></p></li></ol></section></div></div></main><footer class="VPDocFooter" data-v-39a288b8 data-v-e257564d><!--[--><!--]--><!----><nav class="prev-next" aria-labelledby="doc-footer-aria-label" data-v-e257564d><span class="visually-hidden" id="doc-footer-aria-label" data-v-e257564d>Pager</span><div class="pager" data-v-e257564d><a class="VPLink link pager-link prev" href="/docs/tuning-reference/bottleneck-duplicate-plan-subtree.html" data-v-e257564d><!--[--><span class="desc" data-v-e257564d>Previous page</span><span class="title" data-v-e257564d>Duplicate Plan Subtree</span><!--]--></a></div><div class="pager" data-v-e257564d><a class="VPLink link pager-link next" href="/docs/tuning-reference/bottleneck-broadcast-sizing.html" data-v-e257564d><!--[--><span class="desc" data-v-e257564d>Next page</span><span class="title" data-v-e257564d>Broadcast Sizing</span><!--]--></a></div></nav></footer><!--[--><!--]--></div></div></div><!--[--><!--]--></div></div><!----><!--[--><!--]--></div></div>
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 <span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"># Execution/storage share of (JVM heap - 300MiB) (default 0.6);</span></span>
 <span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"># raising it grows execution memory but starves the untracked user-memory region</span></span>
 <span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">spark.memory.fraction</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">=0.6</span></span></code></pre></div><p>For the <strong>skew</strong> case (only a few tasks spill), the fix is <code>df.repartition(n)</code>, not more memory: see <a href="./partitioning.html">Partitioning</a>.</p><h2 id="confidence" tabindex="-1">Confidence <a class="header-anchor" href="#confidence" aria-label="Permalink to &quot;Confidence&quot;"></a></h2><p>The core detection (any <code>memoryBytesSpilled &gt; 0</code>) and the skew-vs-volume classification are validated: both the skew branch (most tasks spill nothing, so the shape of the data is the problem) and the volume branch (nearly every task spills, so the pool is too small) map to a well-understood fix, and neither needs further validation. <span class="tag">EXPERIMENTAL</span> When a spill matches neither shape, it falls back to a low-confidence unclassified finding that still requires validation, because there is no confirmed cause to act on; the page defaults it to the volume remedy, but that is a guess, not a diagnosis.</p><h2 id="limitations-false-positive-risk" tabindex="-1">Limitations / false-positive risk <a class="header-anchor" href="#limitations-false-positive-risk" aria-label="Permalink to &quot;Limitations / false-positive risk&quot;"></a></h2><p>Some spill is normal. A large aggregation or join can spill by design once its working set outgrows execution memory, and a small spill on a healthy stage rarely repays the effort of chasing it. The raw <code>memoryBytesSpilled &gt; 0</code> trigger fires on both the actionable and the routine cases, so treat a small spill as informational until the skew-vs-volume split says otherwise.</p><h2 id="related" tabindex="-1">Related <a class="header-anchor" href="#related" aria-label="Permalink to &quot;Related&quot;"></a></h2><ul><li><strong>Why it happens:</strong> <a href="./memory-model.html">Memory Management</a>, <a href="./partitioning.html">Partitioning</a></li></ul><hr class="footnotes-sep"><section class="footnotes"><ol class="footnotes-list"><li id="fn1" class="footnote-item"><p><a href="https://luminousmen.com/post/dive-into-spark-memory" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Diving into Spark Memory Management</a> <a href="#fnref1" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a> <a href="#fnref1:1" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a> <a href="#fnref1:2" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a> <a href="#fnref1:3" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a></p></li><li id="fn2" class="footnote-item"><p><em>Learning Spark, 2nd Edition</em>, Damji, Wenig, Das, Lee, ch. 7 <a href="#fnref2" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a></p></li><li id="fn3" class="footnote-item"><p><a href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/apache/spark/v3.5.0/sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/internal/SQLConf.scala" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">SQLConf.scala</a> <a href="#fnref3" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a></p></li><li id="fn4" class="footnote-item"><p><a href="https://spark.apache.org/docs/latest/monitoring.html#spark-history-server" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Monitoring and Instrumentation</a> <a href="#fnref4" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a></p></li><li id="fn5" class="footnote-item"><p><em>Spark: The Definitive Guide</em>, Chambers &amp; Zaharia, ch. 19 <a href="#fnref5" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a></p></li><li id="fn6" class="footnote-item"><p><a href="https://luminousmen.com/post/spark-partitions" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Spark Partitions</a> <a href="#fnref6" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a> <a href="#fnref6:1" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a></p></li><li id="fn7" class="footnote-item"><p><a href="https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/SPARK-29544" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">SPARK-29544: Optimize Skewed Join in SQL Adaptive Execution</a> <a href="#fnref7" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a> <a href="#fnref7:1" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a></p></li><li id="fn8" class="footnote-item"><p><a href="https://spark.apache.org/docs/latest/configuration.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Configuration (Spark)</a> <a href="#fnref8" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a></p></li><li id="fn9" class="footnote-item"><p><a href="https://spark.apache.org/docs/latest/sql-performance-tuning.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Performance Tuning (Spark SQL, DataFrames and Datasets Guide)</a> <a href="#fnref9" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a></p></li><li id="fn10" class="footnote-item"><p><a href="https://docs.databricks.com/aws/en/archive/legacy/skew-join" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Skew Join Optimization</a> <a href="#fnref10" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a></p></li><li id="fn11" class="footnote-item"><p><a href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/apache/spark/v3.5.0/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/rdd/RDD.scala" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">RDD.scala</a> <a href="#fnref11" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a></p></li><li id="fn12" class="footnote-item"><p><a href="https://blog.cloudera.com/how-to-tune-your-apache-spark-jobs-part-2/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">How to Tune Your Apache Spark Jobs (Part 2): Cloudera Engineering Blog</a> <a href="#fnref12" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a></p></li><li id="fn13" class="footnote-item"><p><a href="https://spark.apache.org/docs/latest/tuning.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Spark Tuning Guide</a> <a href="#fnref13" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a></p></li></ol></section></div></div></main><footer class="VPDocFooter" data-v-39a288b8 data-v-e257564d><!--[--><!--]--><!----><nav class="prev-next" aria-labelledby="doc-footer-aria-label" data-v-e257564d><span class="visually-hidden" id="doc-footer-aria-label" data-v-e257564d>Pager</span><div class="pager" data-v-e257564d><a class="VPLink link pager-link prev" href="/docs/tuning-reference/bottleneck-shuffle.html" data-v-e257564d><!--[--><span class="desc" data-v-e257564d>Previous page</span><span class="title" data-v-e257564d>Shuffle I/O</span><!--]--></a></div><div class="pager" data-v-e257564d><a class="VPLink link pager-link next" href="/docs/tuning-reference/bottleneck-gc.html" data-v-e257564d><!--[--><span class="desc" data-v-e257564d>Next page</span><span class="title" data-v-e257564d>GC Pressure</span><!--]--></a></div></nav></footer><!--[--><!--]--></div></div></div><!--[--><!--]--></div></div><!----><!--[--><!--]--></div></div>
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 <span class="line"></span>
 <span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"># Absolute-duration trigger for stages with very few tasks (since Spark 3.0)</span></span>
 <span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">spark.speculation.task.duration.threshold</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">=10s   </span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"># 10s is an example</span></span></code></pre></div><h2 id="confidence" tabindex="-1">Confidence <a class="header-anchor" href="#confidence" aria-label="Permalink to &quot;Confidence&quot;"></a></h2><p>Validated.</p><h2 id="limitations-false-positive-risk" tabindex="-1">Limitations / false-positive risk <a class="header-anchor" href="#limitations-false-positive-risk" aria-label="Permalink to &quot;Limitations / false-positive risk&quot;"></a></h2><p>The 4x-median rule flags a slow task, but slow is not the same as broken. The same threshold trips on a skewed key that simply has more data to process, or on a task that spent its time in a GC pause rather than doing extra work, so a flagged task is not automatically a slow host. Small stages make this worse: with only a handful of tasks the median is unstable, and one moderately slow task can look like a straggler against a median computed from too few peers.</p><h2 id="bottleneck-speculation-waste" tabindex="-1">Speculation waste <a class="header-anchor" href="#bottleneck-speculation-waste" aria-label="Permalink to &quot;Speculation waste {#bottleneck-speculation-waste}&quot;"></a></h2><p><span class="tag">SPEC</span></p><p>A straggler is reported by whichever signal, straggler share or speculative-task count, best explains it. Speculation waste is a separate, narrower signal: the executor time speculative attempts burned without confirming a genuine straggler, whether the speculative copy lost the race to the original attempt or the other way around. Either way, the losing attempt&#39;s executor time is pure waste.</p><h3 id="how-it-s-detected-1" tabindex="-1">How it&#39;s detected <a class="header-anchor" href="#how-it-s-detected-1" aria-label="Permalink to &quot;How it&#39;s detected&quot;"></a></h3><table tabindex="0"><thead><tr><th>Signal</th><th>Fires when</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Wasted speculative attempts in a stage</td><td>≥ 5</td></tr><tr><td>Wasted executor time from those attempts</td><td>≥ 60 seconds</td></tr></tbody></table><p>Both conditions have to hold together. Severity tracks the estimated recoverable time as a share of the app&#39;s total runtime, the same model used across this page: ≥2% is critical, ≥0.5% is warning, anything smaller is info.</p><h3 id="why-it-matters-1" tabindex="-1">Why it matters <a class="header-anchor" href="#why-it-matters-1" aria-label="Permalink to &quot;Why it matters&quot;"></a></h3><p>Every wasted speculative attempt occupies an executor slot that could have run other work, so a stage generating a lot of speculative waste is trading cluster capacity for copies that never pay off.</p><h3 id="how-to-fix-it-1" tabindex="-1">How to fix it <a class="header-anchor" href="#how-to-fix-it-1" aria-label="Permalink to &quot;How to fix it&quot;"></a></h3><p>If task durations are naturally variable rather than genuine stragglers, speculation is firing too eagerly: tune <code>spark.speculation.multiplier</code> (require a bigger gap from the median before speculating) or <code>spark.speculation.quantile</code> (wait for more of the stage to finish first) so fewer ordinary slow tasks get speculated in the first place.</p><h2 id="related" tabindex="-1">Related <a class="header-anchor" href="#related" aria-label="Permalink to &quot;Related&quot;"></a></h2><ul><li><strong>When the real cause is a skewed key:</strong> <a href="./partitioning.html">Partitioning</a>, <a href="./aqe.html">Adaptive Query Execution</a></li></ul><hr class="footnotes-sep"><section class="footnotes"><ol class="footnotes-list"><li id="fn1" class="footnote-item"><p><a href="https://spark.apache.org/docs/latest/monitoring.html#spark-history-server" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Monitoring and Instrumentation</a> <a href="#fnref1" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a> <a href="#fnref1:1" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a> <a href="#fnref1:2" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a> <a href="#fnref1:3" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a> <a href="#fnref1:4" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a></p></li><li id="fn2" class="footnote-item"><p><a href="https://spark.apache.org/docs/latest/configuration.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Configuration (Spark)</a> <a href="#fnref2" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a> <a href="#fnref2:1" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a> <a href="#fnref2:2" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a> <a href="#fnref2:3" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a> <a href="#fnref2:4" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a> <a href="#fnref2:5" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a></p></li><li id="fn3" class="footnote-item"><p><a href="https://spark.apache.org/docs/latest/sql-performance-tuning.html#optimizing-skew-join" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Optimizing Skew Join (Spark SQL, DataFrames and Datasets Guide)</a> <a href="#fnref3" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a></p></li><li id="fn4" class="footnote-item"><p><a href="https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/SPARK-29544" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">SPARK-29544: Optimize Skewed Join at Runtime with New Adaptive Execution</a> <a href="#fnref4" class="footnote-backref">↩︎</a></p></li></ol></section></div></div></main><footer class="VPDocFooter" data-v-39a288b8 data-v-e257564d><!--[--><!--]--><!----><nav class="prev-next" aria-labelledby="doc-footer-aria-label" data-v-e257564d><span class="visually-hidden" id="doc-footer-aria-label" data-v-e257564d>Pager</span><div class="pager" data-v-e257564d><a class="VPLink link pager-link prev" href="/docs/tuning-reference/bottleneck-failures.html" data-v-e257564d><!--[--><span class="desc" data-v-e257564d>Previous page</span><span class="title" data-v-e257564d>Task Failures</span><!--]--></a></div><div class="pager" data-v-e257564d><a class="VPLink link pager-link next" href="/docs/tuning-reference/bottleneck-retry-waste.html" data-v-e257564d><!--[--><span class="desc" data-v-e257564d>Next page</span><span class="title" data-v-e257564d>Retry Waste</span><!--]--></a></div></nav></footer><!--[--><!--]--></div></div></div><!--[--><!--]--></div></div><!----><!--[--><!--]--></div></div>
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