seam-lang 2.0.0

package/examples/proof/context-association.pl

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+dataGraph(association, skolem_g0).
+why(
+  dataGraph(association, skolem_g0),
+  proof(
+    goal(dataGraph(association, skolem_g0)),
+    by(rule("context-association.pl", clause(9))),
+    uses([
+      proof(
+        goal(context_statement(skolem_g0, bob, foaf_name, "Bob")),
+        by(rule("context-association.pl", clause(8))),
+        bindings([binding("Contextname", skolem_g0), binding("Subject", bob), binding("Predicate", foaf_name), binding("Object", "Bob"), binding("Context", foaf_name(bob, "Bob"))]),
+        uses([
+          proof(
+            goal(log_nameOf(skolem_g0, foaf_name(bob, "Bob"))),
+            by(fact("context-association.pl", clause(5)))
+          ),
+          proof(
+            goal(holds(foaf_name(bob, "Bob"), foaf_name, [bob, "Bob"])),
+            by(builtin(holds, 3))
+          )
+        ])
+      )
+    ])
+  )
+).
+
+signatureGraph(association, skolem_g1).
+why(
+  signatureGraph(association, skolem_g1),
+  proof(
+    goal(signatureGraph(association, skolem_g1)),
+    by(rule("context-association.pl", clause(10))),
+    uses([
+      proof(
+        goal(context_statement(skolem_g1, skolem_g0, sec_proof, dataSignature)),
+        by(rule("context-association.pl", clause(8))),
+        bindings([binding("Contextname", skolem_g1), binding("Subject", skolem_g0), binding("Predicate", sec_proof), binding("Object", dataSignature), binding("Context", (sec_proof(skolem_g0, dataSignature), type(signature1, sec_DataIntegrityProof), sec_cryptosuite(signature1, "ecdsa-proof-2019"), sec_created(signature1, "2021-11-13T18:19:39Z"), sec_verificationMethod(signature1, "https://university.example/issuers/14#key-1"), sec_proofPurpose(signature1, "assertionMethod"), sec_proofValue(signature1, "z58DAdFfa9SkqZMVPxAQp...jQCrfFPP2oumHKtz"), sec_issuer(signature1, university), sec_validFrom(signature1, "2024-04-03T00:00:00.000Z"), sec_validUntil(signature1, "2025-04-03T00:00:00.000Z")))]),
+        uses([
+          proof(
+            goal(log_nameOf(skolem_g1, (sec_proof(skolem_g0, dataSignature), type(signature1, sec_DataIntegrityProof), sec_cryptosuite(signature1, "ecdsa-proof-2019"), sec_created(signature1, "2021-11-13T18:19:39Z"), sec_verificationMethod(signature1, "https://university.example/issuers/14#key-1"), sec_proofPurpose(signature1, "assertionMethod"), sec_proofValue(signature1, "z58DAdFfa9SkqZMVPxAQp...jQCrfFPP2oumHKtz"), sec_issuer(signature1, university), sec_validFrom(signature1, "2024-04-03T00:00:00.000Z"), sec_validUntil(signature1, "2025-04-03T00:00:00.000Z")))),
+            by(fact("context-association.pl", clause(6)))
+          ),
+          proof(
+            goal(holds((sec_proof(skolem_g0, dataSignature), type(signature1, sec_DataIntegrityProof), sec_cryptosuite(signature1, "ecdsa-proof-2019"), sec_created(signature1, "2021-11-13T18:19:39Z"), sec_verificationMethod(signature1, "https://university.example/issuers/14#key-1"), sec_proofPurpose(signature1, "assertionMethod"), sec_proofValue(signature1, "z58DAdFfa9SkqZMVPxAQp...jQCrfFPP2oumHKtz"), sec_issuer(signature1, university), sec_validFrom(signature1, "2024-04-03T00:00:00.000Z"), sec_validUntil(signature1, "2025-04-03T00:00:00.000Z")), sec_proof, [skolem_g0, dataSignature])),
+            by(builtin(holds, 3))
+          )
+        ])
+      )
+    ])
+  )
+).
+
+metadataGraph(association, g3).
+why(
+  metadataGraph(association, g3),
+  proof(
+    goal(metadataGraph(association, g3)),
+    by(rule("context-association.pl", clause(11))),
+    uses([
+      proof(
+        goal(context_statement(g3, skolem_g1, sec_proof, signature2)),
+        by(rule("context-association.pl", clause(8))),
+        bindings([binding("Contextname", g3), binding("Subject", skolem_g1), binding("Predicate", sec_proof), binding("Object", signature2), binding("Context", (sec_proof(skolem_g1, signature2), type(signature2, sec_DataIntegrityProof), sec_cryptosuite(signature2, "ecdsa-proof-2019"), sec_created(signature2, "2021-11-13T18:19:39Z"), sec_verificationMethod(signature2, "https://university.example/issuers/14#key-1"), sec_proofPurpose(signature2, "assertionMethod"), sec_proofValue(signature2, "adad123efv434r5200...dqed2t44v43das")))]),
+        uses([
+          proof(
+            goal(log_nameOf(g3, (sec_proof(skolem_g1, signature2), type(signature2, sec_DataIntegrityProof), sec_cryptosuite(signature2, "ecdsa-proof-2019"), sec_created(signature2, "2021-11-13T18:19:39Z"), sec_verificationMethod(signature2, "https://university.example/issuers/14#key-1"), sec_proofPurpose(signature2, "assertionMethod"), sec_proofValue(signature2, "adad123efv434r5200...dqed2t44v43das")))),
+            by(fact("context-association.pl", clause(7)))
+          ),
+          proof(
+            goal(holds((sec_proof(skolem_g1, signature2), type(signature2, sec_DataIntegrityProof), sec_cryptosuite(signature2, "ecdsa-proof-2019"), sec_created(signature2, "2021-11-13T18:19:39Z"), sec_verificationMethod(signature2, "https://university.example/issuers/14#key-1"), sec_proofPurpose(signature2, "assertionMethod"), sec_proofValue(signature2, "adad123efv434r5200...dqed2t44v43das")), sec_proof, [skolem_g1, signature2])),
+            by(builtin(holds, 3))
+          )
+        ])
+      )
+    ])
+  )
+).
+

package/examples/proof/data-negotiation.pl

@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+negotiate(agent1, [agent2, data4]).
+why(
+  negotiate(agent1, [agent2, data4]),
+  proof(
+    goal(negotiate(agent1, [agent2, data4])),
+    by(rule("data-negotiation.pl", clause(11))),
+    bindings([binding("Agenta", agent1), binding("Agentb", agent2), binding("Data", data4)]),
+    uses([
+      proof(
+        goal(want_negotiate(agent1, [agent2, data4])),
+        by(fact("data-negotiation.pl", clause(4)))
+      ),
+      proof(
+        goal(request_data(agent1, agent2, data4)),
+        by(rule("data-negotiation.pl", clause(9))),
+        bindings([binding("Agenta", agent1), binding("Agentb", agent2), binding("Data", data4), binding("Datalista", [data1, data2, data3]), binding("Datalistb", [data4, data5, data6])]),
+        uses([
+          proof(
+            goal(hasData(agent1, [data1, data2, data3])),
+            by(fact("data-negotiation.pl", clause(2)))
+          ),
+          proof(
+            goal(hasData(agent2, [data4, data5, data6])),
+            by(fact("data-negotiation.pl", clause(3)))
+          ),
+          proof(
+            goal(member(data4, [data4, data5, data6])),
+            by(builtin(member, 2))
+          ),
+          proof(
+            goal(not_member(data4, [data1, data2, data3])),
+            by(builtin(not_member, 2))
+          ),
+          proof(
+            goal(policy(agent1, [request, data4])),
+            by(rule("data-negotiation.pl", clause(7))),
+            bindings([binding("Data", data4)]),
+            uses([
+              proof(
+                goal(member(data4, [data4, data6])),
+                by(builtin(member, 2))
+              )
+            ])
+          )
+        ])
+      ),
+      proof(
+        goal(accept_request(agent2, agent1, data4)),
+        by(rule("data-negotiation.pl", clause(10))),
+        bindings([binding("Agentb", agent2), binding("_agenta", agent1), binding("Data", data4), binding("Datalistb", [data4, data5, data6])]),
+        uses([
+          proof(
+            goal(hasData(agent2, [data4, data5, data6])),
+            by(fact("data-negotiation.pl", clause(3)))
+          ),
+          proof(
+            goal(member(data4, [data4, data5, data6])),
+            by(builtin(member, 2))
+          ),
+          proof(
+            goal(policy(agent2, [accept, data4])),
+            by(rule("data-negotiation.pl", clause(8))),
+            bindings([binding("Data", data4)]),
+            uses([
+              proof(
+                goal(neq(data4, data5)),
+                by(builtin(neq, 2))
+              )
+            ])
+          )
+        ])
+      )
+    ])
+  )
+).
+

package/examples/proof/deontic-logic.pl

@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+violation(alice, missed_obligation(obtain_consent)).
+why(
+  violation(alice, missed_obligation(obtain_consent)),
+  proof(
+    goal(violation(alice, missed_obligation(obtain_consent))),
+    by(rule("deontic-logic.pl", clause(14))),
+    bindings([binding("Actor", alice), binding("Action", obtain_consent)]),
+    uses([
+      proof(
+        goal(obliged(alice, obtain_consent)),
+        by(fact("deontic-logic.pl", clause(7)))
+      ),
+      proof(
+        goal(not_performed(alice, obtain_consent)),
+        by(fact("deontic-logic.pl", clause(12)))
+      )
+    ])
+  )
+).
+
+violation(alice, prohibited_action(share_record)).
+why(
+  violation(alice, prohibited_action(share_record)),
+  proof(
+    goal(violation(alice, prohibited_action(share_record))),
+    by(rule("deontic-logic.pl", clause(15))),
+    bindings([binding("Actor", alice), binding("Action", share_record)]),
+    uses([
+      proof(
+        goal(prohibited(alice, share_record)),
+        by(fact("deontic-logic.pl", clause(8)))
+      ),
+      proof(
+        goal(performed(alice, share_record)),
+        by(fact("deontic-logic.pl", clause(10)))
+      )
+    ])
+  )
+).
+
+compensation(alice, compensation(share_record, notify_dpo)).
+why(
+  compensation(alice, compensation(share_record, notify_dpo)),
+  proof(
+    goal(compensation(alice, compensation(share_record, notify_dpo))),
+    by(rule("deontic-logic.pl", clause(19))),
+    bindings([binding("Actor", alice), binding("Action", share_record), binding("Compensation", notify_dpo)]),
+    uses([
+      proof(
+        goal(compensated_violation(alice, share_record, notify_dpo)),
+        by(rule("deontic-logic.pl", clause(16))),
+        bindings([binding("Actor", alice), binding("Action", share_record), binding("Compensation", notify_dpo)]),
+        uses([
+          proof(
+            goal(prohibited(alice, share_record)),
+            by(fact("deontic-logic.pl", clause(8)))
+          ),
+          proof(
+            goal(performed(alice, share_record)),
+            by(fact("deontic-logic.pl", clause(10)))
+          ),
+          proof(
+            goal(compensates(share_record, notify_dpo)),
+            by(fact("deontic-logic.pl", clause(9)))
+          ),
+          proof(
+            goal(performed(alice, notify_dpo)),
+            by(fact("deontic-logic.pl", clause(11)))
+          )
+        ])
+      )
+    ])
+  )
+).
+
+status(alice, requires_review).
+why(
+  status(alice, requires_review),
+  proof(
+    goal(status(alice, requires_review)),
+    by(rule("deontic-logic.pl", clause(20))),
+    bindings([binding("Actor", alice), binding("_violation", missed_obligation(obtain_consent))]),
+    uses([
+      proof(
+        goal(uncompensated_violation(alice, missed_obligation(obtain_consent))),
+        by(rule("deontic-logic.pl", clause(17))),
+        bindings([binding("Actor", alice), binding("Action", obtain_consent)]),
+        uses([
+          proof(
+            goal(violation(alice, missed_obligation(obtain_consent))),
+            by(rule("deontic-logic.pl", clause(14))),
+            bindings([binding("Actor", alice), binding("Action", obtain_consent)]),
+            uses([
+              proof(
+                goal(obliged(alice, obtain_consent)),
+                by(fact("deontic-logic.pl", clause(7)))
+              ),
+              proof(
+                goal(not_performed(alice, obtain_consent)),
+                by(fact("deontic-logic.pl", clause(12)))
+              )
+            ])
+          )
+        ])
+      )
+    ])
+  )
+).
+

package/examples/proof/derived-backward-rule.pl

@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+log_impliedBy(childOf(var(x), var(y)), parentOf(var(y), var(x))).
+why(
+  log_impliedBy(childOf(var(x), var(y)), parentOf(var(y), var(x))),
+  proof(
+    goal(log_impliedBy(childOf(var(x), var(y)), parentOf(var(y), var(x)))),
+    by(rule("derived-backward-rule.pl", clause(6))),
+    uses([
+      proof(
+        goal(invOf(parentOf, childOf)),
+        by(fact("derived-backward-rule.pl", clause(4)))
+      )
+    ])
+  )
+).
+
+childOf(bob, alice).
+why(
+  childOf(bob, alice),
+  proof(
+    goal(childOf(bob, alice)),
+    by(rule("derived-backward-rule.pl", clause(7))),
+    bindings([binding("X", bob), binding("Y", alice)]),
+    uses([
+      proof(
+        goal(log_impliedBy(childOf(var(x), var(y)), parentOf(var(y), var(x)))),
+        by(rule("derived-backward-rule.pl", clause(6))),
+        uses([
+          proof(
+            goal(invOf(parentOf, childOf)),
+            by(fact("derived-backward-rule.pl", clause(4)))
+          )
+        ])
+      ),
+      proof(
+        goal(parentOf(alice, bob)),
+        by(fact("derived-backward-rule.pl", clause(5)))
+      )
+    ])
+  )
+).
+
+hasParent(bob, alice).
+why(
+  hasParent(bob, alice),
+  proof(
+    goal(hasParent(bob, alice)),
+    by(rule("derived-backward-rule.pl", clause(8))),
+    bindings([binding("X", bob), binding("Y", alice)]),
+    uses([
+      proof(
+        goal(childOf(bob, alice)),
+        by(rule("derived-backward-rule.pl", clause(7))),
+        bindings([binding("X", bob), binding("Y", alice)]),
+        uses([
+          proof(
+            goal(log_impliedBy(childOf(var(x), var(y)), parentOf(var(y), var(x)))),
+            by(rule("derived-backward-rule.pl", clause(6))),
+            uses([
+              proof(
+                goal(invOf(parentOf, childOf)),
+                by(fact("derived-backward-rule.pl", clause(4)))
+              )
+            ])
+          ),
+          proof(
+            goal(parentOf(alice, bob)),
+            by(fact("derived-backward-rule.pl", clause(5)))
+          )
+        ])
+      )
+    ])
+  )
+).
+

package/examples/proof/derived-rule.pl

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+log_implies(type(var(y), dog), is(test, true)).
+why(
+  log_implies(type(var(y), dog), is(test, true)),
+  proof(
+    goal(log_implies(type(var(y), dog), is(test, true))),
+    by(rule("derived-rule.pl", clause(6))),
+    bindings([binding("_x", minka)]),
+    uses([
+      proof(
+        goal(type(minka, cat)),
+        by(fact("derived-rule.pl", clause(4)))
+      )
+    ])
+  )
+).
+
+is(test, true).
+why(
+  is(test, true),
+  proof(
+    goal(is(test, true)),
+    by(rule("derived-rule.pl", clause(7))),
+    bindings([binding("_y", charly)]),
+    uses([
+      proof(
+        goal(log_implies(type(var(y), dog), is(test, true))),
+        by(rule("derived-rule.pl", clause(6))),
+        bindings([binding("_x", minka)]),
+        uses([
+          proof(
+            goal(type(minka, cat)),
+            by(fact("derived-rule.pl", clause(4)))
+          )
+        ])
+      ),
+      proof(
+        goal(type(charly, dog)),
+        by(fact("derived-rule.pl", clause(5)))
+      )
+    ])
+  )
+).
+

package/examples/proof/diamond-property.pl

@@ -0,0 +1,307 @@
+holdsFor(diamondProperty, r).
+why(
+  holdsFor(diamondProperty, r),
+  proof(
+    goal(holdsFor(diamondProperty, r)),
+    by(rule("diamond-property.pl", clause(17))),
+    bindings([binding("Rel", r)]),
+    uses([
+      proof(
+        goal(diamond(r, a, b, c, d)),
+        by(rule("diamond-property.pl", clause(14))),
+        bindings([binding("Rel", r), binding("A", a), binding("B", b), binding("C", c), binding("D", d)]),
+        uses([
+          proof(
+            goal(step(r, a, b)),
+            by(rule("diamond-property.pl", clause(15))),
+            bindings([binding("X", a), binding("Y", b)]),
+            uses([
+              proof(
+                goal(r(a, b)),
+                by(fact("diamond-property.pl", clause(8)))
+              )
+            ])
+          ),
+          proof(
+            goal(step(r, a, c)),
+            by(rule("diamond-property.pl", clause(15))),
+            bindings([binding("X", a), binding("Y", c)]),
+            uses([
+              proof(
+                goal(r(a, c)),
+                by(fact("diamond-property.pl", clause(9)))
+              )
+            ])
+          ),
+          proof(
+            goal(step(r, b, d)),
+            by(rule("diamond-property.pl", clause(15))),
+            bindings([binding("X", b), binding("Y", d)]),
+            uses([
+              proof(
+                goal(r(b, d)),
+                by(fact("diamond-property.pl", clause(10)))
+              )
+            ])
+          ),
+          proof(
+            goal(step(r, c, d)),
+            by(rule("diamond-property.pl", clause(15))),
+            bindings([binding("X", c), binding("Y", d)]),
+            uses([
+              proof(
+                goal(r(c, d)),
+                by(fact("diamond-property.pl", clause(11)))
+              )
+            ])
+          )
+        ])
+      )
+    ])
+  )
+).
+
+holdsFor(diamondProperty, re).
+why(
+  holdsFor(diamondProperty, re),
+  proof(
+    goal(holdsFor(diamondProperty, re)),
+    by(rule("diamond-property.pl", clause(17))),
+    bindings([binding("Rel", re)]),
+    uses([
+      proof(
+        goal(diamond(re, a, b, c, d)),
+        by(rule("diamond-property.pl", clause(14))),
+        bindings([binding("Rel", re), binding("A", a), binding("B", b), binding("C", c), binding("D", d)]),
+        uses([
+          proof(
+            goal(step(re, a, b)),
+            by(rule("diamond-property.pl", clause(16))),
+            bindings([binding("X", a), binding("Y", b)]),
+            uses([
+              proof(
+                goal(re(a, b)),
+                by(rule("diamond-property.pl", clause(13))),
+                bindings([binding("X", a), binding("Y", b)]),
+                uses([
+                  proof(
+                    goal(r(a, b)),
+                    by(fact("diamond-property.pl", clause(8)))
+                  )
+                ])
+              )
+            ])
+          ),
+          proof(
+            goal(step(re, a, c)),
+            by(rule("diamond-property.pl", clause(16))),
+            bindings([binding("X", a), binding("Y", c)]),
+            uses([
+              proof(
+                goal(re(a, c)),
+                by(rule("diamond-property.pl", clause(13))),
+                bindings([binding("X", a), binding("Y", c)]),
+                uses([
+                  proof(
+                    goal(r(a, c)),
+                    by(fact("diamond-property.pl", clause(9)))
+                  )
+                ])
+              )
+            ])
+          ),
+          proof(
+            goal(step(re, b, d)),
+            by(rule("diamond-property.pl", clause(16))),
+            bindings([binding("X", b), binding("Y", d)]),
+            uses([
+              proof(
+                goal(re(b, d)),
+                by(rule("diamond-property.pl", clause(13))),
+                bindings([binding("X", b), binding("Y", d)]),
+                uses([
+                  proof(
+                    goal(r(b, d)),
+                    by(fact("diamond-property.pl", clause(10)))
+                  )
+                ])
+              )
+            ])
+          ),
+          proof(
+            goal(step(re, c, d)),
+            by(rule("diamond-property.pl", clause(16))),
+            bindings([binding("X", c), binding("Y", d)]),
+            uses([
+              proof(
+                goal(re(c, d)),
+                by(rule("diamond-property.pl", clause(13))),
+                bindings([binding("X", c), binding("Y", d)]),
+                uses([
+                  proof(
+                    goal(r(c, d)),
+                    by(fact("diamond-property.pl", clause(11)))
+                  )
+                ])
+              )
+            ])
+          )
+        ])
+      )
+    ])
+  )
+).
+
+commonSuccessor(diamondProperty, d).
+why(
+  commonSuccessor(diamondProperty, d),
+  proof(
+    goal(commonSuccessor(diamondProperty, d)),
+    by(rule("diamond-property.pl", clause(18))),
+    bindings([binding("D", d)]),
+    uses([
+      proof(
+        goal(diamond(r, a, b, c, d)),
+        by(rule("diamond-property.pl", clause(14))),
+        bindings([binding("Rel", r), binding("A", a), binding("B", b), binding("C", c), binding("D", d)]),
+        uses([
+          proof(
+            goal(step(r, a, b)),
+            by(rule("diamond-property.pl", clause(15))),
+            bindings([binding("X", a), binding("Y", b)]),
+            uses([
+              proof(
+                goal(r(a, b)),
+                by(fact("diamond-property.pl", clause(8)))
+              )
+            ])
+          ),
+          proof(
+            goal(step(r, a, c)),
+            by(rule("diamond-property.pl", clause(15))),
+            bindings([binding("X", a), binding("Y", c)]),
+            uses([
+              proof(
+                goal(r(a, c)),
+                by(fact("diamond-property.pl", clause(9)))
+              )
+            ])
+          ),
+          proof(
+            goal(step(r, b, d)),
+            by(rule("diamond-property.pl", clause(15))),
+            bindings([binding("X", b), binding("Y", d)]),
+            uses([
+              proof(
+                goal(r(b, d)),
+                by(fact("diamond-property.pl", clause(10)))
+              )
+            ])
+          ),
+          proof(
+            goal(step(r, c, d)),
+            by(rule("diamond-property.pl", clause(15))),
+            bindings([binding("X", c), binding("Y", d)]),
+            uses([
+              proof(
+                goal(r(c, d)),
+                by(fact("diamond-property.pl", clause(11)))
+              )
+            ])
+          )
+        ])
+      )
+    ])
+  )
+).
+
+preservedUnderReflexiveClosure(diamondProperty, true).
+why(
+  preservedUnderReflexiveClosure(diamondProperty, true),
+  proof(
+    goal(preservedUnderReflexiveClosure(diamondProperty, true)),
+    by(rule("diamond-property.pl", clause(19))),
+    uses([
+      proof(
+        goal(diamond(re, a, b, c, d)),
+        by(rule("diamond-property.pl", clause(14))),
+        bindings([binding("Rel", re), binding("A", a), binding("B", b), binding("C", c), binding("D", d)]),
+        uses([
+          proof(
+            goal(step(re, a, b)),
+            by(rule("diamond-property.pl", clause(16))),
+            bindings([binding("X", a), binding("Y", b)]),
+            uses([
+              proof(
+                goal(re(a, b)),
+                by(rule("diamond-property.pl", clause(13))),
+                bindings([binding("X", a), binding("Y", b)]),
+                uses([
+                  proof(
+                    goal(r(a, b)),
+                    by(fact("diamond-property.pl", clause(8)))
+                  )
+                ])
+              )
+            ])
+          ),
+          proof(
+            goal(step(re, a, c)),
+            by(rule("diamond-property.pl", clause(16))),
+            bindings([binding("X", a), binding("Y", c)]),
+            uses([
+              proof(
+                goal(re(a, c)),
+                by(rule("diamond-property.pl", clause(13))),
+                bindings([binding("X", a), binding("Y", c)]),
+                uses([
+                  proof(
+                    goal(r(a, c)),
+                    by(fact("diamond-property.pl", clause(9)))
+                  )
+                ])
+              )
+            ])
+          ),
+          proof(
+            goal(step(re, b, d)),
+            by(rule("diamond-property.pl", clause(16))),
+            bindings([binding("X", b), binding("Y", d)]),
+            uses([
+              proof(
+                goal(re(b, d)),
+                by(rule("diamond-property.pl", clause(13))),
+                bindings([binding("X", b), binding("Y", d)]),
+                uses([
+                  proof(
+                    goal(r(b, d)),
+                    by(fact("diamond-property.pl", clause(10)))
+                  )
+                ])
+              )
+            ])
+          ),
+          proof(
+            goal(step(re, c, d)),
+            by(rule("diamond-property.pl", clause(16))),
+            bindings([binding("X", c), binding("Y", d)]),
+            uses([
+              proof(
+                goal(re(c, d)),
+                by(rule("diamond-property.pl", clause(13))),
+                bindings([binding("X", c), binding("Y", d)]),
+                uses([
+                  proof(
+                    goal(r(c, d)),
+                    by(fact("diamond-property.pl", clause(11)))
+                  )
+                ])
+              )
+            ])
+          )
+        ])
+      )
+    ])
+  )
+).
+