red-black-tree-typed 1.53.6 → 1.54.1

package/dist/data-structures/binary-tree/bst.d.ts

@@ -5,37 +5,28 @@
  * @copyright Copyright (c) 2022 Pablo Zeng <zrwusa@gmail.com>
  * @license MIT License
  */
-import type { BSTNested, BSTNodeNested, BSTNOptKeyOrNode, BSTOptions, BTNRep, Comparator, CP, DFSOrderPattern, IterationType, NodeCallback, NodePredicate, OptNode } from '../../types';
+import type { BSTNOptKeyOrNode, BSTOptions, BTNRep, Comparable, Comparator, CP, DFSOrderPattern, EntryCallback, IterationType, NodeCallback, NodePredicate, OptNode, OptNodeOrNull } from '../../types';
 import { BinaryTree, BinaryTreeNode } from './binary-tree';
 import { IBinaryTree } from '../../interfaces';
-export declare class BSTNode<K = any, V = any, NODE extends BSTNode<K, V, NODE> = BSTNodeNested<K, V>> extends BinaryTreeNode<K, V, NODE> {
-    parent?: NODE;
-    constructor(key: K, value?: V);
-    protected _left?: NODE;
-    /**
-     * The function returns the value of the `_left` property.
-     * @returns The `_left` property of the current object is being returned.
-     */
-    get left(): OptNode<NODE>;
-    /**
-     * The function sets the left child of a node and updates the parent reference of the child.
-     * @param {OptNode<NODE>} v - The parameter `v` is of type `OptNode<NODE>`. It can either be an
-     * instance of the `NODE` class or `undefined`.
-     */
-    set left(v: OptNode<NODE>);
-    protected _right?: NODE;
+import { Range } from '../../common';
+export declare class BSTNode<K = any, V = any> extends BinaryTreeNode<K, V> {
     /**
-     * The function returns the right node of a binary tree or undefined if there is no right node.
-     * @returns The method is returning the value of the `_right` property, which is of type `NODE` or
-     * `undefined`.
+     * This TypeScript constructor function initializes an instance with a key and an optional value.
+     * @param {K} key - The `key` parameter is typically used to uniquely identify an object or element
+     * within a data structure. It serves as a reference or identifier for accessing or manipulating the
+     * associated value.
+     * @param {V} [value] - The `value` parameter in the constructor is optional, meaning it does not
+     * have to be provided when creating an instance of the class. If a value is not provided, it will
+     * default to `undefined`.
      */
-    get right(): OptNode<NODE>;
-    /**
-     * The function sets the right child of a node and updates the parent reference of the child.
-     * @param {OptNode<NODE>} v - The parameter `v` is of type `OptNode<NODE>`. It can either be a
-     * `NODE` object or `undefined`.
-     */
-    set right(v: OptNode<NODE>);
+    constructor(key: K, value?: V);
+    parent?: BSTNode<K, V>;
+    _left?: OptNodeOrNull<BSTNode<K, V>>;
+    get left(): OptNodeOrNull<BSTNode<K, V>>;
+    set left(v: OptNodeOrNull<BSTNode<K, V>>);
+    _right?: OptNodeOrNull<BSTNode<K, V>>;
+    get right(): OptNodeOrNull<BSTNode<K, V>>;
+    set right(v: OptNodeOrNull<BSTNode<K, V>>);
 }
 /**
  * 1. Node Order: Each node's left child has a lesser value, and the right child has a greater value.
@@ -45,58 +36,113 @@ export declare class BSTNode<K = any, V = any, NODE extends BSTNode<K, V, NODE>
  * 5. Logarithmic Operations: Ideal operations like insertion, deletion, and searching are O(log n) time-efficient.
  * 6. Balance Variability: Can become unbalanced; special types maintain balance.
  * 7. No Auto-Balancing: Standard BSTs don't automatically balance themselves.
+ * @example
+ * // Merge 3 sorted datasets
+ *     const dataset1 = new BST<number, string>([
+ *       [1, 'A'],
+ *       [7, 'G']
+ *     ]);
+ *     const dataset2 = [
+ *       [2, 'B'],
+ *       [6, 'F']
+ *     ];
+ *     const dataset3 = new BST<number, string>([
+ *       [3, 'C'],
+ *       [5, 'E'],
+ *       [4, 'D']
+ *     ]);
+ *
+ *     // Merge datasets into a single BinarySearchTree
+ *     const merged = new BST<number, string>(dataset1);
+ *     merged.addMany(dataset2);
+ *     merged.merge(dataset3);
+ *
+ *     // Verify merged dataset is in sorted order
+ *     console.log([...merged.values()]); // ['A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G']
+ * @example
+ * // Find elements in a range
+ *     const bst = new BST<number>([10, 5, 15, 3, 7, 12, 18]);
+ *     console.log(bst.search(new Range(5, 10))); // [10, 5, 7]
+ *     console.log(bst.rangeSearch([4, 12], node => node.key.toString())); // ['10', '12', '5', '7']
+ *     console.log(bst.search(new Range(4, 12, true, false))); // [10, 5, 7]
+ *     console.log(bst.rangeSearch([15, 20])); // [15, 18]
+ *     console.log(bst.search(new Range(15, 20, false))); // [18]
+ * @example
+ * // Find lowest common ancestor
+ *     const bst = new BST<number>([20, 10, 30, 5, 15, 25, 35, 3, 7, 12, 18]);
+ *
+ *     // LCA helper function
+ *     const findLCA = (num1: number, num2: number): number | undefined => {
+ *       const path1 = bst.getPathToRoot(num1);
+ *       const path2 = bst.getPathToRoot(num2);
+ *       // Find the first common ancestor
+ *       return findFirstCommon(path1, path2);
+ *     };
+ *
+ *     function findFirstCommon(arr1: number[], arr2: number[]): number | undefined {
+ *       for (const num of arr1) {
+ *         if (arr2.indexOf(num) !== -1) {
+ *           return num;
+ *         }
+ *       }
+ *       return undefined;
+ *     }
+ *
+ *     // Assertions
+ *     console.log(findLCA(3, 10)); // 7
+ *     console.log(findLCA(5, 35)); // 15
+ *     console.log(findLCA(20, 30)); // 25
  */
-export declare class BST<K = any, V = any, R = object, NODE extends BSTNode<K, V, NODE> = BSTNode<K, V, BSTNodeNested<K, V>>, TREE extends BST<K, V, R, NODE, TREE> = BST<K, V, R, NODE, BSTNested<K, V, R, NODE>>> extends BinaryTree<K, V, R, NODE, TREE> implements IBinaryTree<K, V, R, NODE, TREE> {
+export declare class BST<K = any, V = any, R = object, MK = any, MV = any, MR = object> extends BinaryTree<K, V, R, MK, MV, MR> implements IBinaryTree<K, V, R, MK, MV, MR> {
     /**
-     * This is the constructor function for a Binary Search Tree class in TypeScript.
-     * @param keysNodesEntriesOrRaws - The `keysNodesEntriesOrRaws` parameter is an
-     * iterable that can contain either keys, nodes, entries, or raw elements. These elements will be
-     * added to the binary search tree during the construction of the object.
-     * @param [options] - An optional object that contains additional options for the Binary Search Tree.
-     * It can include a comparator function that defines the order of the elements in the tree.
+     * This TypeScript constructor initializes a binary search tree with optional options and adds
+     * elements if provided.
+     * @param keysNodesEntriesOrRaws - The `keysNodesEntriesOrRaws` parameter in the constructor is an
+     * iterable that can contain elements of type `BTNRep<K, V, BSTNode<K, V>>` or `R`. It is used to
+     * initialize the binary search tree with keys, nodes, entries, or raw data.
+     * @param [options] - The `options` parameter is an optional object that can contain the following
+     * properties:
      */
-    constructor(keysNodesEntriesOrRaws?: Iterable<R | BTNRep<K, V, NODE>>, options?: BSTOptions<K, V, R>);
-    protected _root?: NODE;
-    /**
-     * The function returns the root node of a tree structure.
-     * @returns The `_root` property of the object, which is of type `NODE` or `undefined`.
-     */
-    get root(): OptNode<NODE>;
+    constructor(keysNodesEntriesOrRaws?: Iterable<BTNRep<K, V, BSTNode<K, V>> | R>, options?: BSTOptions<K, V, R>);
+    protected _root?: BSTNode<K, V>;
+    get root(): OptNode<BSTNode<K, V>>;
+    protected _isReverse: boolean;
+    get isReverse(): boolean;
+    protected _comparator: Comparator<K>;
+    get comparator(): Comparator<K>;
+    protected _specifyComparable?: (key: K) => Comparable;
+    get specifyComparable(): ((key: K) => Comparable) | undefined;
     /**
+     * Time Complexity: O(1)
+     * Space Complexity: O(1)
+     *
      * The function creates a new BSTNode with the given key and value and returns it.
      * @param {K} key - The key parameter is of type K, which represents the type of the key for the node
      * being created.
      * @param {V} [value] - The "value" parameter is an optional parameter of type V. It represents the
      * value associated with the key in the node being created.
-     * @returns The method is returning a new instance of the BSTNode class, casted as the NODE type.
+     * @returns The method is returning a new instance of the BSTNode class, casted as the BSTNode<K, V> type.
      */
-    createNode(key: K, value?: V): NODE;
+    createNode(key: K, value?: V): BSTNode<K, V>;
     /**
+     * Time Complexity: O(1)
+     * Space Complexity: O(1)
+     *
      * The function creates a new binary search tree with the specified options.
      * @param [options] - The `options` parameter is an optional object that allows you to customize the
      * behavior of the `createTree` method. It accepts a partial `BSTOptions` object, which has the
      * following properties:
      * @returns a new instance of the BST class with the provided options.
      */
-    createTree(options?: BSTOptions<K, V, R>): TREE;
-    /**
-     * The function overrides a method and converts a key, value pair or entry or raw element to a node.
-     * @param {BTNRep<K, V, NODE> | R} keyNodeEntryOrRaw - A variable that can be of
-     * type R or BTNRep<K, V, NODE>. It represents either a key, a node, an entry, or a raw
-     * element.
-     * @param {V} [value] - The `value` parameter is an optional value of type `V`. It represents the
-     * value associated with a key in a key-value pair.
-     * @returns either a NODE object or undefined.
-     */
-    keyValueNodeEntryRawToNodeAndValue(keyNodeEntryOrRaw: BTNRep<K, V, NODE> | R, value?: V): [OptNode<NODE>, V | undefined];
+    createTree(options?: BSTOptions<K, V, R>): BST<K, V, R, MK, MV, MR>;
     /**
      * Time Complexity: O(log n)
      * Space Complexity: O(log n)
      *
      * The function ensures the existence of a node in a data structure and returns it, or undefined if
      * it doesn't exist.
-     * @param {BTNRep<K, V, NODE> | R} keyNodeEntryOrRaw - The parameter
-     * `keyNodeEntryOrRaw` can accept a value of type `R`, which represents the key, node,
+     * @param {BTNRep<K, V, BSTNode<K, V>>} keyNodeOrEntry - The parameter
+     * `keyNodeOrEntry` can accept a value of type `R`, which represents the key, node,
      * entry, or raw element that needs to be ensured in the tree.
      * @param {IterationType} [iterationType=ITERATIVE] - The `iterationType` parameter is an optional
      * parameter that specifies the type of iteration to be used when ensuring a node. It has a default
@@ -104,36 +150,42 @@ export declare class BST<K = any, V = any, R = object, NODE extends BSTNode<K, V
      * @returns The method is returning either the node that was ensured or `undefined` if the node could
      * not be ensured.
      */
-    ensureNode(keyNodeEntryOrRaw: BTNRep<K, V, NODE> | R, iterationType?: IterationType): OptNode<NODE>;
+    ensureNode(keyNodeOrEntry: BTNRep<K, V, BSTNode<K, V>>, iterationType?: IterationType): OptNode<BSTNode<K, V>>;
     /**
+     * Time Complexity: O(1)
+     * Space Complexity: O(1)
+     *
      * The function checks if the input is an instance of the BSTNode class.
-     * @param {BTNRep<K, V, NODE> | R} keyNodeEntryOrRaw - The parameter
-     * `keyNodeEntryOrRaw` can be of type `R` or `BTNRep<K, V, NODE>`.
-     * @returns a boolean value indicating whether the input parameter `keyNodeEntryOrRaw` is
+     * @param {BTNRep<K, V, BSTNode<K, V>>} keyNodeOrEntry - The parameter
+     * `keyNodeOrEntry` can be of type `R` or `BTNRep<K, V, BSTNode<K, V>>`.
+     * @returns a boolean value indicating whether the input parameter `keyNodeOrEntry` is
      * an instance of the `BSTNode` class.
      */
-    isNode(keyNodeEntryOrRaw: BTNRep<K, V, NODE> | R): keyNodeEntryOrRaw is NODE;
+    isNode(keyNodeOrEntry: BTNRep<K, V, BSTNode<K, V>>): keyNodeOrEntry is BSTNode<K, V>;
     /**
-     * The function "override isKey" checks if a key is comparable based on a given comparator.
+     * Time Complexity: O(1)
+     * Space Complexity: O(1)
+     *
+     * The function "override isValidKey" checks if a key is comparable based on a given comparator.
      * @param {any} key - The `key` parameter is a value that will be checked to determine if it is of
      * type `K`.
-     * @returns The `override isKey(key: any): key is K` function is returning a boolean value based on
-     * the result of the `isComparable` function with the condition `this.comparator !==
+     * @returns The `override isValidKey(key: any): key is K` function is returning a boolean value based on
+     * the result of the `isComparable` function with the condition `this._compare !==
      * this._DEFAULT_COMPARATOR`.
      */
-    isKey(key: any): key is K;
+    isValidKey(key: any): key is K;
     /**
      * Time Complexity: O(log n)
-     * Space Complexity: O(1)
+     * Space Complexity: O(log n)
      *
      * The `add` function in TypeScript adds a new node to a binary search tree based on the key value.
-     * @param {BTNRep<K, V, NODE> | R} keyNodeEntryOrRaw - The parameter
-     * `keyNodeEntryOrRaw` can accept a value of type `R` or `BTNRep<K, V, NODE>`.
+     * @param {BTNRep<K, V, BSTNode<K, V>>} keyNodeOrEntry - The parameter
+     * `keyNodeOrEntry` can accept a value of type `R` or `BTNRep<K, V, BSTNode<K, V>>`.
      * @param {V} [value] - The `value` parameter is an optional value that can be associated with the
      * key in the binary search tree. If provided, it will be stored in the node along with the key.
      * @returns a boolean value.
      */
-    add(keyNodeEntryOrRaw: BTNRep<K, V, NODE> | R, value?: V): boolean;
+    add(keyNodeOrEntry: BTNRep<K, V, BSTNode<K, V>>, value?: V): boolean;
     /**
      * Time Complexity: O(k log n)
      * Space Complexity: O(k + log n)
@@ -155,39 +207,66 @@ export declare class BST<K = any, V = any, R = object, NODE extends BSTNode<K, V
      * @returns The function `addMany` returns an array of booleans indicating whether each element was
      * successfully inserted into the data structure.
      */
-    addMany(keysNodesEntriesOrRaws: Iterable<R | BTNRep<K, V, NODE>>, values?: Iterable<V | undefined>, isBalanceAdd?: boolean, iterationType?: IterationType): boolean[];
+    addMany(keysNodesEntriesOrRaws: Iterable<R | BTNRep<K, V, BSTNode<K, V>>>, values?: Iterable<V | undefined>, isBalanceAdd?: boolean, iterationType?: IterationType): boolean[];
     /**
      * Time Complexity: O(log n)
      * Space Complexity: O(k + log n)
      *
-     * The function `getNodes` in TypeScript overrides the base class method to retrieve nodes based on a
-     * given keyNodeEntryRawOrPredicate and iteration type.
-     * @param {BTNRep<K, V, NODE> | R | NodePredicate<NODE>} keyNodeEntryRawOrPredicate - The `keyNodeEntryRawOrPredicate`
-     * parameter in the `getNodes` method is used to filter the nodes that will be returned. It can be a
-     * key, a node, an entry, or a custom keyNodeEntryRawOrPredicate function that determines whether a node should be
-     * included in the result.
-     * @param [onlyOne=false] - The `onlyOne` parameter in the `getNodes` method is a boolean flag that
-     * determines whether to return only the first node that matches the keyNodeEntryRawOrPredicate (`true`) or all nodes
-     * that match the keyNodeEntryRawOrPredicate (`false`). If `onlyOne` is set to `true`, the method will stop iterating
-     * and
-     * @param {BTNRep<K, V, NODE> | R} startNode - The `startNode` parameter in the
-     * `getNodes` method is used to specify the starting point for traversing the tree when searching for
-     * nodes that match a given keyNodeEntryRawOrPredicate. It represents the root node of the subtree where the search
-     * should begin. If not explicitly provided, the default value for `begin
-     * @param {IterationType} iterationType - The `iterationType` parameter in the `getNodes` method
-     * specifies the type of iteration to be performed when traversing the nodes of a binary tree. It can
-     * have two possible values:
-     * @returns The `getNodes` method returns an array of nodes that satisfy the given keyNodeEntryRawOrPredicate.
+     * The function `search` in TypeScript overrides the search behavior in a binary tree structure based
+     * on specified criteria.
+     * @param {BTNRep<K, V, BSTNode<K, V>> | NodePredicate<BSTNode<K, V>>} keyNodeEntryOrPredicate - The
+     * `keyNodeEntryOrPredicate` parameter in the `override search` method can accept one of the
+     * following types:
+     * @param [onlyOne=false] - The `onlyOne` parameter is a boolean flag that determines whether the
+     * search should stop after finding the first matching node. If `onlyOne` is set to `true`, the
+     * search will return as soon as a matching node is found. If `onlyOne` is set to `false`, the
+     * @param {C} callback - The `callback` parameter in the `override search` function is a function
+     * that will be called on each node that matches the search criteria. It is of type `C`, which
+     * extends `NodeCallback<BSTNode<K, V>>`. The callback function should accept a node of type `BSTNode<K, V>` as its
+     * argument and
+     * @param {BTNRep<K, V, BSTNode<K, V>>} startNode - The `startNode` parameter in the `override search`
+     * method represents the node from which the search operation will begin. It is the starting point
+     * for searching within the tree data structure. The method ensures that the `startNode` is a valid
+     * node before proceeding with the search operation. If the `
+     * @param {IterationType} iterationType - The `iterationType` parameter in the `override search`
+     * function determines the type of iteration to be used during the search operation. It can have two
+     * possible values:
+     * @returns The `override search` method returns an array of values that match the search criteria
+     * specified by the input parameters. The method performs a search operation on a binary tree
+     * structure based on the provided key, predicate, and other options. The search results are
+     * collected in an array and returned as the output of the method.
      */
-    getNodes(keyNodeEntryRawOrPredicate: BTNRep<K, V, NODE> | R | NodePredicate<NODE>, onlyOne?: boolean, startNode?: BTNRep<K, V, NODE> | R, iterationType?: IterationType): NODE[];
+    search<C extends NodeCallback<BSTNode<K, V>>>(keyNodeEntryOrPredicate: BTNRep<K, V, BSTNode<K, V>> | NodePredicate<BSTNode<K, V>> | Range<K>, onlyOne?: boolean, callback?: C, startNode?: BTNRep<K, V, BSTNode<K, V>>, iterationType?: IterationType): ReturnType<C>[];
     /**
      * Time Complexity: O(log n)
-     * Space Complexity: O(1)
+     * Space Complexity: O(k + log n)
      *
-     * This function retrieves a node based on a given keyNodeEntryRawOrPredicate within a binary search tree structure.
-     * @param {BTNRep<K, V, NODE> | R | NodePredicate<NODE>} keyNodeEntryRawOrPredicate - The `keyNodeEntryRawOrPredicate`
-     * parameter can be of type `BTNRep<K, V, NODE>`, `R`, or `NodePredicate<NODE>`.
-     * @param {R | BSTNOptKeyOrNode<K, NODE>} startNode - The `startNode` parameter in the `getNode` method
+     * The `rangeSearch` function searches for nodes within a specified range in a binary search tree.
+     * @param {Range<K> | [K, K]} range - The `range` parameter in the `rangeSearch` function can be
+     * either a `Range` object or an array of two elements representing the range boundaries.
+     * @param {C} callback - The `callback` parameter in the `rangeSearch` function is a callback
+     * function that is used to process each node that is found within the specified range during the
+     * search operation. It is of type `NodeCallback<BSTNode<K, V>>`, where `BSTNode<K, V>` is the type of nodes in the
+     * data structure.
+     * @param {BTNRep<K, V, BSTNode<K, V>>} startNode - The `startNode` parameter in the `rangeSearch`
+     * function represents the node from which the search for nodes within the specified range will
+     * begin. It is the starting point for the range search operation.
+     * @param {IterationType} iterationType - The `iterationType` parameter in the `rangeSearch` function
+     * is used to specify the type of iteration to be performed during the search operation. It has a
+     * default value of `this.iterationType`, which suggests that it is likely a property of the class or
+     * object that the `rangeSearch`
+     * @returns The `rangeSearch` function is returning the result of calling the `search` method with
+     * the specified parameters.
+     */
+    rangeSearch<C extends NodeCallback<BSTNode<K, V>>>(range: Range<K> | [K, K], callback?: C, startNode?: BTNRep<K, V, BSTNode<K, V>>, iterationType?: IterationType): ReturnType<C>[];
+    /**
+     * Time Complexity: O(log n)
+     * Space Complexity: O(log n)
+     *
+     * This function retrieves a node based on a given keyNodeEntryOrPredicate within a binary search tree structure.
+     * @param {BTNRep<K, V, BSTNode<K, V>> | NodePredicate<BSTNode<K, V>>} keyNodeEntryOrPredicate - The `keyNodeEntryOrPredicate`
+     * parameter can be of type `BTNRep<K, V, BSTNode<K, V>>`, `R`, or `NodePredicate<BSTNode<K, V>>`.
+     * @param {BSTNOptKeyOrNode<K, BSTNode<K, V>>} startNode - The `startNode` parameter in the `getNode` method
      * is used to specify the starting point for searching nodes in the binary search tree. If no
      * specific starting point is provided, the default value is set to `this._root`, which is the root
      * node of the binary search tree.
@@ -195,26 +274,12 @@ export declare class BST<K = any, V = any, R = object, NODE extends BSTNode<K, V
      * parameter that specifies the type of iteration to be used. It has a default value of
      * `this.iterationType`, which means it will use the iteration type defined in the class instance if
      * no value is provided when calling the method.
-     * @returns The `getNode` method is returning an optional binary search tree node (`OptNode<NODE>`).
-     * It is using the `getNodes` method to find the node based on the provided keyNodeEntryRawOrPredicate, beginning at
+     * @returns The `getNode` method is returning an optional binary search tree node (`OptNode<BSTNode<K, V>>`).
+     * It is using the `getNodes` method to find the node based on the provided keyNodeEntryOrPredicate, beginning at
      * the specified root node (`startNode`) and using the specified iteration type. The method then
      * returns the first node found or `undefined` if no node is found.
      */
-    getNode(keyNodeEntryRawOrPredicate: BTNRep<K, V, NODE> | R | NodePredicate<NODE>, startNode?: R | BSTNOptKeyOrNode<K, NODE>, iterationType?: IterationType): OptNode<NODE>;
-    /**
-     * Time Complexity: O(log n)
-     * Space Complexity: O(1)
-     *
-     * The function `getNodeByKey` returns a node with a specific key from a tree data structure.
-     * @param {K} key - The key parameter is the value used to search for a specific node in the tree. It
-     * is typically a unique identifier or a value that can be used to determine the position of the node
-     * in the tree structure.
-     * @param {IterationType} [iterationType=ITERATIVE] - The `iterationType` parameter is an optional
-     * parameter that specifies the type of iteration to be used when searching for a node in the tree.
-     * It has a default value of `'ITERATIVE'`.
-     * @returns The method is returning a NODE object or undefined.
-     */
-    getNodeByKey(key: K, iterationType?: IterationType): OptNode<NODE>;
+    getNode(keyNodeEntryOrPredicate: BTNRep<K, V, BSTNode<K, V>> | NodePredicate<BSTNode<K, V>>, startNode?: BSTNOptKeyOrNode<K, BSTNode<K, V>>, iterationType?: IterationType): OptNode<BSTNode<K, V>>;
     /**
      * Time complexity: O(n)
      * Space complexity: O(n)
@@ -227,7 +292,7 @@ export declare class BST<K = any, V = any, R = object, NODE extends BSTNode<K, V
      * @param {DFSOrderPattern} [pattern=IN] - The "pattern" parameter in the code snippet refers to the
      * order in which the Depth-First Search (DFS) algorithm visits the nodes in a tree or graph. It can
      * take one of the following values:
-     * @param {BTNRep<K, V, NODE> | R} startNode - The `startNode` parameter is the starting
+     * @param {BTNRep<K, V, BSTNode<K, V>>} startNode - The `startNode` parameter is the starting
      * point for the depth-first search traversal. It can be either a root node, a key-value pair, or a
      * node entry. If not specified, the default value is the root of the tree.
      * @param {IterationType} [iterationType=ITERATIVE] - The `iterationType` parameter specifies the
@@ -235,7 +300,7 @@ export declare class BST<K = any, V = any, R = object, NODE extends BSTNode<K, V
      * following values:
      * @returns The method is returning an array of the return type of the callback function.
      */
-    dfs<C extends NodeCallback<NODE>>(callback?: C, pattern?: DFSOrderPattern, startNode?: BTNRep<K, V, NODE> | R, iterationType?: IterationType): ReturnType<C>[];
+    dfs<C extends NodeCallback<BSTNode<K, V>>>(callback?: C, pattern?: DFSOrderPattern, startNode?: BTNRep<K, V, BSTNode<K, V>>, iterationType?: IterationType): ReturnType<C>[];
     /**
      * Time complexity: O(n)
      * Space complexity: O(n)
@@ -245,7 +310,7 @@ export declare class BST<K = any, V = any, R = object, NODE extends BSTNode<K, V
      * @param {C} callback - The `callback` parameter is a function that will be called for each node
      * visited during the breadth-first search. It should take a single argument, which is the current
      * node being visited, and it can return a value of any type.
-     * @param {BTNRep<K, V, NODE> | R} startNode - The `startNode` parameter is the starting
+     * @param {BTNRep<K, V, BSTNode<K, V>>} startNode - The `startNode` parameter is the starting
      * point for the breadth-first search. It can be either a root node, a key-value pair, or an entry
      * object. If no value is provided, the default value is the root of the tree.
      * @param {IterationType} iterationType - The `iterationType` parameter is used to specify the type
@@ -253,7 +318,7 @@ export declare class BST<K = any, V = any, R = object, NODE extends BSTNode<K, V
      * the following values:
      * @returns an array of the return type of the callback function.
      */
-    bfs<C extends NodeCallback<NODE>>(callback?: C, startNode?: BTNRep<K, V, NODE> | R, iterationType?: IterationType): ReturnType<C>[];
+    bfs<C extends NodeCallback<BSTNode<K, V>>>(callback?: C, startNode?: BTNRep<K, V, BSTNode<K, V>>, iterationType?: IterationType): ReturnType<C>[];
     /**
      * Time complexity: O(n)
      * Space complexity: O(n)
@@ -261,9 +326,9 @@ export declare class BST<K = any, V = any, R = object, NODE extends BSTNode<K, V
      * The function overrides the listLevels method from the superclass and returns an array of arrays
      * containing the results of the callback function applied to each level of the tree.
      * @param {C} callback - The `callback` parameter is a generic type `C` that extends
-     * `NodeCallback<NODE>`. It represents a callback function that will be called for each node in the
+     * `NodeCallback<BSTNode<K, V>>`. It represents a callback function that will be called for each node in the
      * tree during the iteration process.
-     * @param {BTNRep<K, V, NODE> | R} startNode - The `startNode` parameter is the starting
+     * @param {BTNRep<K, V, BSTNode<K, V>>} startNode - The `startNode` parameter is the starting
      * point for listing the levels of the binary tree. It can be either a root node of the tree, a
      * key-value pair representing a node in the tree, or a key representing a node in the tree. If no
      * value is provided, the root of
@@ -272,7 +337,7 @@ export declare class BST<K = any, V = any, R = object, NODE extends BSTNode<K, V
      * @returns The method is returning a two-dimensional array of the return type of the callback
      * function.
      */
-    listLevels<C extends NodeCallback<NODE>>(callback?: C, startNode?: BTNRep<K, V, NODE> | R, iterationType?: IterationType): ReturnType<C>[][];
+    listLevels<C extends NodeCallback<BSTNode<K, V>>>(callback?: C, startNode?: BTNRep<K, V, BSTNode<K, V>>, iterationType?: IterationType): ReturnType<C>[][];
     /**
      * Time complexity: O(n)
      * Space complexity: O(n)
@@ -285,7 +350,7 @@ export declare class BST<K = any, V = any, R = object, NODE extends BSTNode<K, V
      * @param {CP} lesserOrGreater - The `lesserOrGreater` parameter is used to determine whether to
      * traverse nodes that are lesser, greater, or both than the `targetNode`. It accepts the values -1,
      * 0, or 1, where:
-     * @param {BTNRep<K, V, NODE> | R} targetNode - The `targetNode` parameter is the node in
+     * @param {BTNRep<K, V, BSTNode<K, V>>} targetNode - The `targetNode` parameter is the node in
      * the binary tree that you want to start traversing from. It can be specified either by providing
      * the key of the node, the node itself, or an entry containing the key and value of the node. If no
      * `targetNode` is provided,
@@ -294,7 +359,7 @@ export declare class BST<K = any, V = any, R = object, NODE extends BSTNode<K, V
      * @returns The function `lesserOrGreaterTraverse` returns an array of values of type
      * `ReturnType<C>`, which is the return type of the callback function passed as an argument.
      */
-    lesserOrGreaterTraverse<C extends NodeCallback<NODE>>(callback?: C, lesserOrGreater?: CP, targetNode?: BTNRep<K, V, NODE> | R, iterationType?: IterationType): ReturnType<C>[];
+    lesserOrGreaterTraverse<C extends NodeCallback<BSTNode<K, V>>>(callback?: C, lesserOrGreater?: CP, targetNode?: BTNRep<K, V, BSTNode<K, V>>, iterationType?: IterationType): ReturnType<C>[];
     /**
      * Time complexity: O(n)
      * Space complexity: O(n)
@@ -321,17 +386,70 @@ export declare class BST<K = any, V = any, R = object, NODE extends BSTNode<K, V
      * @returns a boolean value.
      */
     isAVLBalanced(iterationType?: IterationType): boolean;
-    protected _DEFAULT_COMPARATOR: (a: K, b: K) => number;
-    protected _comparator: Comparator<K>;
     /**
-     * The function returns the value of the _comparator property.
-     * @returns The `_comparator` property is being returned.
+     * Time complexity: O(n)
+     * Space complexity: O(n)
+     *
+     * The `map` function in TypeScript overrides the default map behavior for a binary search tree by
+     * applying a callback function to each entry and creating a new tree with the results.
+     * @param callback - A function that will be called for each entry in the BST. It takes four
+     * arguments: the key, the value (which can be undefined), the index of the entry, and a reference to
+     * the BST itself.
+     * @param [options] - The `options` parameter in the `override map` method is of type `BSTOptions<MK,
+     * MV, MR>`. It is an optional parameter that allows you to specify additional options for the Binary
+     * Search Tree (BST) being created in the `map` method. These options could include configuration
+     * @param {any} [thisArg] - The `thisArg` parameter in the `override map` method is used to specify
+     * the value of `this` that should be used when executing the `callback` function. It allows you to
+     * set the context or scope in which the callback function will be called. This can be useful when
+     * you want
+     * @returns The `map` method is returning a new Binary Search Tree (`BST`) instance with the entries
+     * transformed by the provided callback function.
      */
-    get comparator(): Comparator<K>;
+    map(callback: EntryCallback<K, V | undefined, [MK, MV]>, options?: BSTOptions<MK, MV, MR>, thisArg?: any): BST<MK, MV, MR>;
     /**
+     * Time complexity: O(n)
+     * Space complexity: O(n)
+     *
+     * The function `clone` overrides the default cloning behavior to create a deep copy of a tree
+     * structure.
+     * @returns The `cloned` object is being returned.
+     */
+    clone(): BST<K, V, R, MK, MV, MR>;
+    /**
+     * Time Complexity: O(1)
+     * Space Complexity: O(1)
+     *
+     * The function overrides a method and converts a key, value pair or entry or raw element to a node.
+     * @param {BTNRep<K, V, BSTNode<K, V>>} keyNodeOrEntry - A variable that can be of
+     * type R or BTNRep<K, V, BSTNode<K, V>>. It represents either a key, a node, an entry, or a raw
+     * element.
+     * @param {V} [value] - The `value` parameter is an optional value of type `V`. It represents the
+     * value associated with a key in a key-value pair.
+     * @returns either a BSTNode<K, V> object or undefined.
+     */
+    protected _keyValueNodeOrEntryToNodeAndValue(keyNodeOrEntry: BTNRep<K, V, BSTNode<K, V>>, value?: V): [OptNode<BSTNode<K, V>>, V | undefined];
+    /**
+     * Time Complexity: O(1)
+     * Space Complexity: O(1)
+     *
      * The function sets the root of a tree-like structure and updates the parent property of the new
      * root.
-     * @param {OptNode<NODE>} v - v is a parameter of type NODE or undefined.
+     * @param {OptNode<BSTNode<K, V>>} v - v is a parameter of type BSTNode<K, V> or undefined.
+     */
+    protected _setRoot(v: OptNode<BSTNode<K, V>>): void;
+    /**
+     * Time Complexity: O(1)
+     * Space Complexity: O(1)
+     *
+     * The _compare function compares two values using a specified comparator function and optionally
+     * reverses the result.
+     * @param {K} a - The parameter `a` is of type `K`, which is used as an input for comparison in the
+     * `_compare` method.
+     * @param {K} b - The parameter `b` in the `_compare` function is of type `K`.
+     * @returns The `_compare` method is returning the result of the ternary expression. If `_isReverse`
+     * is true, it returns the negation of the result of calling the `_comparator` function with
+     * arguments `a` and `b`. If `_isReverse` is false, it returns the result of calling the
+     * `_comparator` function with arguments `a` and `b`.
      */
-    protected _setRoot(v: OptNode<NODE>): void;
+    protected _compare(a: K, b: K): number;
 }