protobufjs 8.0.1 → 8.0.2

package/ext/descriptor/index.js

@@ -1,1163 +1,1181 @@
-"use strict";
-var $protobuf = require("../..");
-module.exports = exports = $protobuf.descriptor = $protobuf.Root.fromJSON(require("../../google/protobuf/descriptor.json")).lookup(".google.protobuf");
-
-var Namespace = $protobuf.Namespace,
-    Root      = $protobuf.Root,
-    Enum      = $protobuf.Enum,
-    Type      = $protobuf.Type,
-    Field     = $protobuf.Field,
-    MapField  = $protobuf.MapField,
-    OneOf     = $protobuf.OneOf,
-    Service   = $protobuf.Service,
-    Method    = $protobuf.Method;
-
-// --- Root ---
-
-/**
- * Properties of a FileDescriptorSet message.
- * @interface IFileDescriptorSet
- * @property {IFileDescriptorProto[]} file Files
- */
-
-/**
- * Properties of a FileDescriptorProto message.
- * @interface IFileDescriptorProto
- * @property {string} [name] File name
- * @property {string} [package] Package
- * @property {*} [dependency] Not supported
- * @property {*} [publicDependency] Not supported
- * @property {*} [weakDependency] Not supported
- * @property {IDescriptorProto[]} [messageType] Nested message types
- * @property {IEnumDescriptorProto[]} [enumType] Nested enums
- * @property {IServiceDescriptorProto[]} [service] Nested services
- * @property {IFieldDescriptorProto[]} [extension] Nested extension fields
- * @property {IFileOptions} [options] Options
- * @property {*} [sourceCodeInfo] Not supported
- * @property {string} [syntax="proto2"] Syntax
- * @property {IEdition} [edition] Edition
- */
-
-/**
- * Values of the Edition enum.
- * @typedef IEdition
- * @type {number}
- * @property {number} EDITION_UNKNOWN=0
- * @property {number} EDITION_LEGACY=900
- * @property {number} EDITION_PROTO2=998
- * @property {number} EDITION_PROTO3=999
- * @property {number} EDITION_2023=1000
- * @property {number} EDITION_2024=1001
- * @property {number} EDITION_1_TEST_ONLY=1
- * @property {number} EDITION_2_TEST_ONLY=2
- * @property {number} EDITION_99997_TEST_ONLY=99997
- * @property {number} EDITION_99998_TEST_ONLY=99998
- * @property {number} EDITION_99998_TEST_ONLY=99999
- * @property {number} EDITION_MAX=2147483647
- */
-
-/**
- * Properties of a FileOptions message.
- * @interface IFileOptions
- * @property {string} [javaPackage]
- * @property {string} [javaOuterClassname]
- * @property {boolean} [javaMultipleFiles]
- * @property {boolean} [javaGenerateEqualsAndHash]
- * @property {boolean} [javaStringCheckUtf8]
- * @property {IFileOptionsOptimizeMode} [optimizeFor=1]
- * @property {string} [goPackage]
- * @property {boolean} [ccGenericServices]
- * @property {boolean} [javaGenericServices]
- * @property {boolean} [pyGenericServices]
- * @property {boolean} [deprecated]
- * @property {boolean} [ccEnableArenas]
- * @property {string} [objcClassPrefix]
- * @property {string} [csharpNamespace]
- */
-
-/**
- * Values of he FileOptions.OptimizeMode enum.
- * @typedef IFileOptionsOptimizeMode
- * @type {number}
- * @property {number} SPEED=1
- * @property {number} CODE_SIZE=2
- * @property {number} LITE_RUNTIME=3
- */
-
-/**
- * Creates a root from a descriptor set.
- * @param {IFileDescriptorSet|Reader|Uint8Array} descriptor Descriptor
- * @returns {Root} Root instance
- */
-Root.fromDescriptor = function fromDescriptor(descriptor) {
-
-    // Decode the descriptor message if specified as a buffer:
-    if (typeof descriptor.length === "number")
-        descriptor = exports.FileDescriptorSet.decode(descriptor);
-
-    var root = new Root();
-
-    if (descriptor.file) {
-        var fileDescriptor,
-            filePackage;
-        for (var j = 0, i; j < descriptor.file.length; ++j) {
-            filePackage = root;
-            if ((fileDescriptor = descriptor.file[j])["package"] && fileDescriptor["package"].length)
-                filePackage = root.define(fileDescriptor["package"]);
-            var edition = editionFromDescriptor(fileDescriptor);
-            if (fileDescriptor.name && fileDescriptor.name.length)
-                root.files.push(filePackage.filename = fileDescriptor.name);
-            if (fileDescriptor.messageType)
-                for (i = 0; i < fileDescriptor.messageType.length; ++i)
-                    filePackage.add(Type.fromDescriptor(fileDescriptor.messageType[i], edition));
-            if (fileDescriptor.enumType)
-                for (i = 0; i < fileDescriptor.enumType.length; ++i)
-                    filePackage.add(Enum.fromDescriptor(fileDescriptor.enumType[i], edition));
-            if (fileDescriptor.extension)
-                for (i = 0; i < fileDescriptor.extension.length; ++i)
-                    filePackage.add(Field.fromDescriptor(fileDescriptor.extension[i], edition));
-            if (fileDescriptor.service)
-                for (i = 0; i < fileDescriptor.service.length; ++i)
-                    filePackage.add(Service.fromDescriptor(fileDescriptor.service[i], edition));
-            var opts = fromDescriptorOptions(fileDescriptor.options, exports.FileOptions);
-            if (opts) {
-                var ks = Object.keys(opts);
-                for (i = 0; i < ks.length; ++i)
-                    filePackage.setOption(ks[i], opts[ks[i]]);
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    return root.resolveAll();
-};
-
-/**
- * Converts a root to a descriptor set.
- * @returns {Message<IFileDescriptorSet>} Descriptor
- * @param {string} [edition="proto2"] The syntax or edition to use
- */
-Root.prototype.toDescriptor = function toDescriptor(edition) {
-    var set = exports.FileDescriptorSet.create();
-    Root_toDescriptorRecursive(this, set.file, edition);
-    return set;
-};
-
-// Traverses a namespace and assembles the descriptor set
-function Root_toDescriptorRecursive(ns, files, edition) {
-
-    // Create a new file
-    var file = exports.FileDescriptorProto.create({ name: ns.filename || (ns.fullName.substring(1).replace(/\./g, "_") || "root") + ".proto" });
-    editionToDescriptor(edition, file);
-    if (!(ns instanceof Root))
-        file["package"] = ns.fullName.substring(1);
-
-    // Add nested types
-    for (var i = 0, nested; i < ns.nestedArray.length; ++i)
-        if ((nested = ns._nestedArray[i]) instanceof Type)
-            file.messageType.push(nested.toDescriptor(edition));
-        else if (nested instanceof Enum)
-            file.enumType.push(nested.toDescriptor());
-        else if (nested instanceof Field)
-            file.extension.push(nested.toDescriptor(edition));
-        else if (nested instanceof Service)
-            file.service.push(nested.toDescriptor());
-        else if (nested instanceof /* plain */ Namespace)
-            Root_toDescriptorRecursive(nested, files, edition); // requires new file
-
-    // Keep package-level options
-    file.options = toDescriptorOptions(ns.options, exports.FileOptions);
-
-    // And keep the file only if there is at least one nested object
-    if (file.messageType.length + file.enumType.length + file.extension.length + file.service.length)
-        files.push(file);
-}
-
-// --- Type ---
-
-/**
- * Properties of a DescriptorProto message.
- * @interface IDescriptorProto
- * @property {string} [name] Message type name
- * @property {IFieldDescriptorProto[]} [field] Fields
- * @property {IFieldDescriptorProto[]} [extension] Extension fields
- * @property {IDescriptorProto[]} [nestedType] Nested message types
- * @property {IEnumDescriptorProto[]} [enumType] Nested enums
- * @property {IDescriptorProtoExtensionRange[]} [extensionRange] Extension ranges
- * @property {IOneofDescriptorProto[]} [oneofDecl] Oneofs
- * @property {IMessageOptions} [options] Not supported
- * @property {IDescriptorProtoReservedRange[]} [reservedRange] Reserved ranges
- * @property {string[]} [reservedName] Reserved names
- */
-
-/**
- * Properties of a MessageOptions message.
- * @interface IMessageOptions
- * @property {boolean} [mapEntry=false] Whether this message is a map entry
- */
-
-/**
- * Properties of an ExtensionRange message.
- * @interface IDescriptorProtoExtensionRange
- * @property {number} [start] Start field id
- * @property {number} [end] End field id
- */
-
-/**
- * Properties of a ReservedRange message.
- * @interface IDescriptorProtoReservedRange
- * @property {number} [start] Start field id
- * @property {number} [end] End field id
- */
-
-var unnamedMessageIndex = 0;
-
-/**
- * Creates a type from a descriptor.
- *
- * Warning: this is not safe to use with editions protos, since it discards relevant file context.
- *
- * @param {IDescriptorProto|Reader|Uint8Array} descriptor Descriptor
- * @param {string} [edition="proto2"] The syntax or edition to use
- * @param {boolean} [nested=false] Whether or not this is a nested object
- * @returns {Type} Type instance
- */
-Type.fromDescriptor = function fromDescriptor(descriptor, edition, nested) {
-    // Decode the descriptor message if specified as a buffer:
-    if (typeof descriptor.length === "number")
-        descriptor = exports.DescriptorProto.decode(descriptor);
-
-    // Create the message type
-    var type = new Type(descriptor.name.length ? descriptor.name : "Type" + unnamedMessageIndex++, fromDescriptorOptions(descriptor.options, exports.MessageOptions)),
-        i;
-
-    if (!nested)
-        type._edition = edition;
-
-    /* Oneofs */ if (descriptor.oneofDecl)
-        for (i = 0; i < descriptor.oneofDecl.length; ++i)
-            type.add(OneOf.fromDescriptor(descriptor.oneofDecl[i]));
-    /* Fields */ if (descriptor.field)
-        for (i = 0; i < descriptor.field.length; ++i) {
-            var field = Field.fromDescriptor(descriptor.field[i], edition, true);
-            type.add(field);
-            if (descriptor.field[i].hasOwnProperty("oneofIndex")) // eslint-disable-line no-prototype-builtins
-                type.oneofsArray[descriptor.field[i].oneofIndex].add(field);
-        }
-    /* Extension fields */ if (descriptor.extension)
-        for (i = 0; i < descriptor.extension.length; ++i)
-            type.add(Field.fromDescriptor(descriptor.extension[i], edition, true));
-    /* Nested types */ if (descriptor.nestedType)
-        for (i = 0; i < descriptor.nestedType.length; ++i) {
-            type.add(Type.fromDescriptor(descriptor.nestedType[i], edition, true));
-            if (descriptor.nestedType[i].options && descriptor.nestedType[i].options.mapEntry)
-                type.setOption("map_entry", true);
-        }
-    /* Nested enums */ if (descriptor.enumType)
-        for (i = 0; i < descriptor.enumType.length; ++i)
-            type.add(Enum.fromDescriptor(descriptor.enumType[i], edition, true));
-    /* Extension ranges */ if (descriptor.extensionRange && descriptor.extensionRange.length) {
-        type.extensions = [];
-        for (i = 0; i < descriptor.extensionRange.length; ++i)
-            type.extensions.push([ descriptor.extensionRange[i].start, descriptor.extensionRange[i].end ]);
-    }
-    /* Reserved... */ if (descriptor.reservedRange && descriptor.reservedRange.length || descriptor.reservedName && descriptor.reservedName.length) {
-        type.reserved = [];
-        /* Ranges */ if (descriptor.reservedRange)
-            for (i = 0; i < descriptor.reservedRange.length; ++i)
-                type.reserved.push([ descriptor.reservedRange[i].start, descriptor.reservedRange[i].end ]);
-        /* Names */ if (descriptor.reservedName)
-            for (i = 0; i < descriptor.reservedName.length; ++i)
-                type.reserved.push(descriptor.reservedName[i]);
-    }
-
-    return type;
-};
-
-/**
- * Converts a type to a descriptor.
- * @returns {Message<IDescriptorProto>} Descriptor
- * @param {string} [edition="proto2"] The syntax or edition to use
- */
-Type.prototype.toDescriptor = function toDescriptor(edition) {
-    var descriptor = exports.DescriptorProto.create({ name: this.name }),
-        i;
-
-    /* Fields */ for (i = 0; i < this.fieldsArray.length; ++i) {
-        var fieldDescriptor;
-        descriptor.field.push(fieldDescriptor = this._fieldsArray[i].toDescriptor(edition));
-        if (this._fieldsArray[i] instanceof MapField) { // map fields are repeated FieldNameEntry
-            var keyType = toDescriptorType(this._fieldsArray[i].keyType, this._fieldsArray[i].resolvedKeyType, false),
-                valueType = toDescriptorType(this._fieldsArray[i].type, this._fieldsArray[i].resolvedType, false),
-                valueTypeName = valueType === /* type */ 11 || valueType === /* enum */ 14
-                    ? this._fieldsArray[i].resolvedType && shortname(this.parent, this._fieldsArray[i].resolvedType) || this._fieldsArray[i].type
-                    : undefined;
-            descriptor.nestedType.push(exports.DescriptorProto.create({
-                name: fieldDescriptor.typeName,
-                field: [
-                    exports.FieldDescriptorProto.create({ name: "key", number: 1, label: 1, type: keyType }), // can't reference a type or enum
-                    exports.FieldDescriptorProto.create({ name: "value", number: 2, label: 1, type: valueType, typeName: valueTypeName })
-                ],
-                options: exports.MessageOptions.create({ mapEntry: true })
-            }));
-        }
-    }
-    /* Oneofs */ for (i = 0; i < this.oneofsArray.length; ++i)
-        descriptor.oneofDecl.push(this._oneofsArray[i].toDescriptor());
-    /* Nested... */ for (i = 0; i < this.nestedArray.length; ++i) {
-        /* Extension fields */ if (this._nestedArray[i] instanceof Field)
-            descriptor.field.push(this._nestedArray[i].toDescriptor(edition));
-        /* Types */ else if (this._nestedArray[i] instanceof Type)
-            descriptor.nestedType.push(this._nestedArray[i].toDescriptor(edition));
-        /* Enums */ else if (this._nestedArray[i] instanceof Enum)
-            descriptor.enumType.push(this._nestedArray[i].toDescriptor());
-        // plain nested namespaces become packages instead in Root#toDescriptor
-    }
-    /* Extension ranges */ if (this.extensions)
-        for (i = 0; i < this.extensions.length; ++i)
-            descriptor.extensionRange.push(exports.DescriptorProto.ExtensionRange.create({ start: this.extensions[i][0], end: this.extensions[i][1] }));
-    /* Reserved... */ if (this.reserved)
-        for (i = 0; i < this.reserved.length; ++i)
-            /* Names */ if (typeof this.reserved[i] === "string")
-                descriptor.reservedName.push(this.reserved[i]);
-            /* Ranges */ else
-                descriptor.reservedRange.push(exports.DescriptorProto.ReservedRange.create({ start: this.reserved[i][0], end: this.reserved[i][1] }));
-
-    descriptor.options = toDescriptorOptions(this.options, exports.MessageOptions);
-
-    return descriptor;
-};
-
-// --- Field ---
-
-/**
- * Properties of a FieldDescriptorProto message.
- * @interface IFieldDescriptorProto
- * @property {string} [name] Field name
- * @property {number} [number] Field id
- * @property {IFieldDescriptorProtoLabel} [label] Field rule
- * @property {IFieldDescriptorProtoType} [type] Field basic type
- * @property {string} [typeName] Field type name
- * @property {string} [extendee] Extended type name
- * @property {string} [defaultValue] Literal default value
- * @property {number} [oneofIndex] Oneof index if part of a oneof
- * @property {*} [jsonName] Not supported
- * @property {IFieldOptions} [options] Field options
- */
-
-/**
- * Values of the FieldDescriptorProto.Label enum.
- * @typedef IFieldDescriptorProtoLabel
- * @type {number}
- * @property {number} LABEL_OPTIONAL=1
- * @property {number} LABEL_REQUIRED=2
- * @property {number} LABEL_REPEATED=3
- */
-
-/**
- * Values of the FieldDescriptorProto.Type enum.
- * @typedef IFieldDescriptorProtoType
- * @type {number}
- * @property {number} TYPE_DOUBLE=1
- * @property {number} TYPE_FLOAT=2
- * @property {number} TYPE_INT64=3
- * @property {number} TYPE_UINT64=4
- * @property {number} TYPE_INT32=5
- * @property {number} TYPE_FIXED64=6
- * @property {number} TYPE_FIXED32=7
- * @property {number} TYPE_BOOL=8
- * @property {number} TYPE_STRING=9
- * @property {number} TYPE_GROUP=10
- * @property {number} TYPE_MESSAGE=11
- * @property {number} TYPE_BYTES=12
- * @property {number} TYPE_UINT32=13
- * @property {number} TYPE_ENUM=14
- * @property {number} TYPE_SFIXED32=15
- * @property {number} TYPE_SFIXED64=16
- * @property {number} TYPE_SINT32=17
- * @property {number} TYPE_SINT64=18
- */
-
-/**
- * Properties of a FieldOptions message.
- * @interface IFieldOptions
- * @property {boolean} [packed] Whether packed or not (defaults to `false` for proto2 and `true` for proto3)
- * @property {IFieldOptionsJSType} [jstype] JavaScript value type (not used by protobuf.js)
- */
-
-/**
- * Values of the FieldOptions.JSType enum.
- * @typedef IFieldOptionsJSType
- * @type {number}
- * @property {number} JS_NORMAL=0
- * @property {number} JS_STRING=1
- * @property {number} JS_NUMBER=2
- */
-
-// copied here from parse.js
-var numberRe = /^(?![eE])[0-9]*(?:\.[0-9]*)?(?:[eE][+-]?[0-9]+)?$/;
-
-/**
- * Creates a field from a descriptor.
- *
- * Warning: this is not safe to use with editions protos, since it discards relevant file context.
- *
- * @param {IFieldDescriptorProto|Reader|Uint8Array} descriptor Descriptor
- * @param {string} [edition="proto2"] The syntax or edition to use
- * @param {boolean} [nested=false] Whether or not this is a top-level object
- * @returns {Field} Field instance
- */
-Field.fromDescriptor = function fromDescriptor(descriptor, edition, nested) {
-
-    // Decode the descriptor message if specified as a buffer:
-    if (typeof descriptor.length === "number")
-        descriptor = exports.DescriptorProto.decode(descriptor);
-
-    if (typeof descriptor.number !== "number")
-        throw Error("missing field id");
-
-    // Rewire field type
-    var fieldType;
-    if (descriptor.typeName && descriptor.typeName.length)
-        fieldType = descriptor.typeName;
-    else
-        fieldType = fromDescriptorType(descriptor.type);
-
-    // Rewire field rule
-    var fieldRule;
-    switch (descriptor.label) {
-        // 0 is reserved for errors
-        case 1: fieldRule = undefined; break;
-        case 2: fieldRule = "required"; break;
-        case 3: fieldRule = "repeated"; break;
-        default: throw Error("illegal label: " + descriptor.label);
-    }
-
-	var extendee = descriptor.extendee;
-	if (descriptor.extendee !== undefined) {
-		extendee = extendee.length ? extendee : undefined;
-	}
-    var field = new Field(
-        descriptor.name.length ? descriptor.name : "field" + descriptor.number,
-        descriptor.number,
-        fieldType,
-        fieldRule,
-        extendee
-    );
-
-    if (!nested)
-        field._edition = edition;
-
-    field.options = fromDescriptorOptions(descriptor.options, exports.FieldOptions);
-    if (descriptor.proto3_optional)
-        field.options.proto3_optional = true;
-
-    if (descriptor.defaultValue && descriptor.defaultValue.length) {
-        var defaultValue = descriptor.defaultValue;
-        switch (defaultValue) {
-            case "true": case "TRUE":
-                defaultValue = true;
-                break;
-            case "false": case "FALSE":
-                defaultValue = false;
-                break;
-            default:
-                var match = numberRe.exec(defaultValue);
-                if (match)
-                    defaultValue = parseInt(defaultValue); // eslint-disable-line radix
-                break;
-        }
-        field.setOption("default", defaultValue);
-    }
-
-    if (packableDescriptorType(descriptor.type)) {
-        if (edition === "proto3") { // defaults to packed=true (internal preset is packed=true)
-            if (descriptor.options && !descriptor.options.packed)
-                field.setOption("packed", false);
-        } else if ((!edition || edition === "proto2") && descriptor.options && descriptor.options.packed) // defaults to packed=false
-            field.setOption("packed", true);
-    }
-
-    return field;
-};
-
-/**
- * Converts a field to a descriptor.
- * @returns {Message<IFieldDescriptorProto>} Descriptor
- * @param {string} [edition="proto2"] The syntax or edition to use
- */
-Field.prototype.toDescriptor = function toDescriptor(edition) {
-    var descriptor = exports.FieldDescriptorProto.create({ name: this.name, number: this.id });
-
-    if (this.map) {
-
-        descriptor.type = 11; // message
-        descriptor.typeName = $protobuf.util.ucFirst(this.name); // fieldName -> FieldNameEntry (built in Type#toDescriptor)
-        descriptor.label = 3; // repeated
-
-    } else {
-
-        // Rewire field type
-        switch (descriptor.type = toDescriptorType(this.type, this.resolve().resolvedType, this.delimited)) {
-            case 10: // group
-            case 11: // type
-            case 14: // enum
-                descriptor.typeName = this.resolvedType ? shortname(this.parent, this.resolvedType) : this.type;
-                break;
-        }
-
-        // Rewire field rule
-        if (this.rule === "repeated") {
-            descriptor.label = 3;
-        } else if (this.required && edition === "proto2") {
-            descriptor.label = 2;
-        } else {
-            descriptor.label = 1;
-        }
-    }
-
-    // Handle extension field
-    descriptor.extendee = this.extensionField ? this.extensionField.parent.fullName : this.extend;
-
-    // Handle part of oneof (only meaningful for message types)
-    if (this.partOf && this.parent instanceof Type) {
-        if ((descriptor.oneofIndex = this.parent.oneofsArray.indexOf(this.partOf)) < 0)
-            throw Error("missing oneof");
-    }
-
-    if (this.options) {
-        descriptor.options = toDescriptorOptions(this.options, exports.FieldOptions);
-        if (this.options["default"] != null)
-            descriptor.defaultValue = String(this.options["default"]);
-        if (this.options.proto3_optional)
-            descriptor.proto3_optional = true;
-    }
-
-    if (edition === "proto3") { // defaults to packed=true
-        if (!this.packed)
-            (descriptor.options || (descriptor.options = exports.FieldOptions.create())).packed = false;
-    } else if ((!edition || edition === "proto2") && this.packed) // defaults to packed=false
-        (descriptor.options || (descriptor.options = exports.FieldOptions.create())).packed = true;
-
-    return descriptor;
-};
-
-// --- Enum ---
-
-/**
- * Properties of an EnumDescriptorProto message.
- * @interface IEnumDescriptorProto
- * @property {string} [name] Enum name
- * @property {IEnumValueDescriptorProto[]} [value] Enum values
- * @property {IEnumOptions} [options] Enum options
- */
-
-/**
- * Properties of an EnumValueDescriptorProto message.
- * @interface IEnumValueDescriptorProto
- * @property {string} [name] Name
- * @property {number} [number] Value
- * @property {*} [options] Not supported
- */
-
-/**
- * Properties of an EnumOptions message.
- * @interface IEnumOptions
- * @property {boolean} [allowAlias] Whether aliases are allowed
- * @property {boolean} [deprecated]
- */
-
-var unnamedEnumIndex = 0;
-
-/**
- * Creates an enum from a descriptor.
- *
- * Warning: this is not safe to use with editions protos, since it discards relevant file context.
- *
- * @param {IEnumDescriptorProto|Reader|Uint8Array} descriptor Descriptor
- * @param {string} [edition="proto2"] The syntax or edition to use
- * @param {boolean} [nested=false] Whether or not this is a top-level object
- * @returns {Enum} Enum instance
- */
-Enum.fromDescriptor = function fromDescriptor(descriptor, edition, nested) {
-
-    // Decode the descriptor message if specified as a buffer:
-    if (typeof descriptor.length === "number")
-        descriptor = exports.EnumDescriptorProto.decode(descriptor);
-
-    // Construct values object
-    var values = {};
-    if (descriptor.value)
-        for (var i = 0; i < descriptor.value.length; ++i) {
-            var name  = descriptor.value[i].name,
-                value = descriptor.value[i].number || 0;
-            values[name && name.length ? name : "NAME" + value] = value;
-        }
-
-    var enm = new Enum(
-        descriptor.name && descriptor.name.length ? descriptor.name : "Enum" + unnamedEnumIndex++,
-        values,
-        fromDescriptorOptions(descriptor.options, exports.EnumOptions)
-    );
-
-    if (!nested)
-        enm._edition = edition;
-
-    return enm;
-};
-
-/**
- * Converts an enum to a descriptor.
- * @returns {Message<IEnumDescriptorProto>} Descriptor
- */
-Enum.prototype.toDescriptor = function toDescriptor() {
-
-    // Values
-    var values = [];
-    for (var i = 0, ks = Object.keys(this.values); i < ks.length; ++i)
-        values.push(exports.EnumValueDescriptorProto.create({ name: ks[i], number: this.values[ks[i]] }));
-
-    return exports.EnumDescriptorProto.create({
-        name: this.name,
-        value: values,
-        options: toDescriptorOptions(this.options, exports.EnumOptions)
-    });
-};
-
-// --- OneOf ---
-
-/**
- * Properties of a OneofDescriptorProto message.
- * @interface IOneofDescriptorProto
- * @property {string} [name] Oneof name
- * @property {*} [options] Not supported
- */
-
-var unnamedOneofIndex = 0;
-
-/**
- * Creates a oneof from a descriptor.
- *
- * Warning: this is not safe to use with editions protos, since it discards relevant file context.
- *
- * @param {IOneofDescriptorProto|Reader|Uint8Array} descriptor Descriptor
- * @returns {OneOf} OneOf instance
- */
-OneOf.fromDescriptor = function fromDescriptor(descriptor) {
-
-    // Decode the descriptor message if specified as a buffer:
-    if (typeof descriptor.length === "number")
-        descriptor = exports.OneofDescriptorProto.decode(descriptor);
-
-    return new OneOf(
-        // unnamedOneOfIndex is global, not per type, because we have no ref to a type here
-        descriptor.name && descriptor.name.length ? descriptor.name : "oneof" + unnamedOneofIndex++
-        // fromDescriptorOptions(descriptor.options, exports.OneofOptions) - only uninterpreted_option
-    );
-};
-
-/**
- * Converts a oneof to a descriptor.
- * @returns {Message<IOneofDescriptorProto>} Descriptor
- */
-OneOf.prototype.toDescriptor = function toDescriptor() {
-    return exports.OneofDescriptorProto.create({
-        name: this.name
-        // options: toDescriptorOptions(this.options, exports.OneofOptions) - only uninterpreted_option
-    });
-};
-
-// --- Service ---
-
-/**
- * Properties of a ServiceDescriptorProto message.
- * @interface IServiceDescriptorProto
- * @property {string} [name] Service name
- * @property {IMethodDescriptorProto[]} [method] Methods
- * @property {IServiceOptions} [options] Options
- */
-
-/**
- * Properties of a ServiceOptions message.
- * @interface IServiceOptions
- * @property {boolean} [deprecated]
- */
-
-var unnamedServiceIndex = 0;
-
-/**
- * Creates a service from a descriptor.
- *
- * Warning: this is not safe to use with editions protos, since it discards relevant file context.
- *
- * @param {IServiceDescriptorProto|Reader|Uint8Array} descriptor Descriptor
- * @param {string} [edition="proto2"] The syntax or edition to use
- * @param {boolean} [nested=false] Whether or not this is a top-level object
- * @returns {Service} Service instance
- */
-Service.fromDescriptor = function fromDescriptor(descriptor, edition, nested) {
-
-    // Decode the descriptor message if specified as a buffer:
-    if (typeof descriptor.length === "number")
-        descriptor = exports.ServiceDescriptorProto.decode(descriptor);
-
-    var service = new Service(descriptor.name && descriptor.name.length ? descriptor.name : "Service" + unnamedServiceIndex++, fromDescriptorOptions(descriptor.options, exports.ServiceOptions));
-    if (!nested)
-        service._edition = edition;
-    if (descriptor.method)
-        for (var i = 0; i < descriptor.method.length; ++i)
-            service.add(Method.fromDescriptor(descriptor.method[i]));
-
-    return service;
-};
-
-/**
- * Converts a service to a descriptor.
- * @returns {Message<IServiceDescriptorProto>} Descriptor
- */
-Service.prototype.toDescriptor = function toDescriptor() {
-
-    // Methods
-    var methods = [];
-    for (var i = 0; i < this.methodsArray.length; ++i)
-        methods.push(this._methodsArray[i].toDescriptor());
-
-    return exports.ServiceDescriptorProto.create({
-        name: this.name,
-        method: methods,
-        options: toDescriptorOptions(this.options, exports.ServiceOptions)
-    });
-};
-
-// --- Method ---
-
-/**
- * Properties of a MethodDescriptorProto message.
- * @interface IMethodDescriptorProto
- * @property {string} [name] Method name
- * @property {string} [inputType] Request type name
- * @property {string} [outputType] Response type name
- * @property {IMethodOptions} [options] Not supported
- * @property {boolean} [clientStreaming=false] Whether requests are streamed
- * @property {boolean} [serverStreaming=false] Whether responses are streamed
- */
-
-/**
- * Properties of a MethodOptions message.
- *
- * Warning: this is not safe to use with editions protos, since it discards relevant file context.
- *
- * @interface IMethodOptions
- * @property {boolean} [deprecated]
- */
-
-var unnamedMethodIndex = 0;
-
-/**
- * Creates a method from a descriptor.
- * @param {IMethodDescriptorProto|Reader|Uint8Array} descriptor Descriptor
- * @returns {Method} Reflected method instance
- */
-Method.fromDescriptor = function fromDescriptor(descriptor) {
-
-    // Decode the descriptor message if specified as a buffer:
-    if (typeof descriptor.length === "number")
-        descriptor = exports.MethodDescriptorProto.decode(descriptor);
-
-    return new Method(
-        // unnamedMethodIndex is global, not per service, because we have no ref to a service here
-        descriptor.name && descriptor.name.length ? descriptor.name : "Method" + unnamedMethodIndex++,
-        "rpc",
-        descriptor.inputType,
-        descriptor.outputType,
-        Boolean(descriptor.clientStreaming),
-        Boolean(descriptor.serverStreaming),
-        fromDescriptorOptions(descriptor.options, exports.MethodOptions)
-    );
-};
-
-/**
- * Converts a method to a descriptor.
- * @returns {Message<IMethodDescriptorProto>} Descriptor
- */
-Method.prototype.toDescriptor = function toDescriptor() {
-    return exports.MethodDescriptorProto.create({
-        name: this.name,
-        inputType: this.resolvedRequestType ? this.resolvedRequestType.fullName : this.requestType,
-        outputType: this.resolvedResponseType ? this.resolvedResponseType.fullName : this.responseType,
-        clientStreaming: this.requestStream,
-        serverStreaming: this.responseStream,
-        options: toDescriptorOptions(this.options, exports.MethodOptions)
-    });
-};
-
-// --- utility ---
-
-// Converts a descriptor type to a protobuf.js basic type
-function fromDescriptorType(type) {
-    switch (type) {
-        // 0 is reserved for errors
-        case 1: return "double";
-        case 2: return "float";
-        case 3: return "int64";
-        case 4: return "uint64";
-        case 5: return "int32";
-        case 6: return "fixed64";
-        case 7: return "fixed32";
-        case 8: return "bool";
-        case 9: return "string";
-        case 12: return "bytes";
-        case 13: return "uint32";
-        case 15: return "sfixed32";
-        case 16: return "sfixed64";
-        case 17: return "sint32";
-        case 18: return "sint64";
-    }
-    throw Error("illegal type: " + type);
-}
-
-// Tests if a descriptor type is packable
-function packableDescriptorType(type) {
-    switch (type) {
-        case 1: // double
-        case 2: // float
-        case 3: // int64
-        case 4: // uint64
-        case 5: // int32
-        case 6: // fixed64
-        case 7: // fixed32
-        case 8: // bool
-        case 13: // uint32
-        case 14: // enum (!)
-        case 15: // sfixed32
-        case 16: // sfixed64
-        case 17: // sint32
-        case 18: // sint64
-            return true;
-    }
-    return false;
-}
-
-// Converts a protobuf.js basic type to a descriptor type
-function toDescriptorType(type, resolvedType, delimited) {
-    switch (type) {
-        // 0 is reserved for errors
-        case "double": return 1;
-        case "float": return 2;
-        case "int64": return 3;
-        case "uint64": return 4;
-        case "int32": return 5;
-        case "fixed64": return 6;
-        case "fixed32": return 7;
-        case "bool": return 8;
-        case "string": return 9;
-        case "bytes": return 12;
-        case "uint32": return 13;
-        case "sfixed32": return 15;
-        case "sfixed64": return 16;
-        case "sint32": return 17;
-        case "sint64": return 18;
-    }
-    if (resolvedType instanceof Enum)
-        return 14;
-    if (resolvedType instanceof Type)
-        return delimited ? 10 : 11;
-    throw Error("illegal type: " + type);
-}
-
-function fromDescriptorOptionsRecursive(obj, type) {
-    var val = {};
-    for (var i = 0, field, key; i < type.fieldsArray.length; ++i) {
-        if ((key = (field = type._fieldsArray[i]).name) === "uninterpretedOption") continue;
-        if (!Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(obj, key)) continue;
-
-        var newKey = underScore(key);
-        if (field.resolvedType instanceof Type) {
-            val[newKey] = fromDescriptorOptionsRecursive(obj[key], field.resolvedType);
-        } else if(field.resolvedType instanceof Enum) {
-            val[newKey] = field.resolvedType.valuesById[obj[key]];
-        } else {
-            val[newKey] = obj[key];
-        }
-    }
-    return val;
-}
-
-// Converts descriptor options to an options object
-function fromDescriptorOptions(options, type) {
-    if (!options)
-        return undefined;
-    return fromDescriptorOptionsRecursive(type.toObject(options), type);
-}
-
-function toDescriptorOptionsRecursive(obj, type) {
-    var val = {};
-    var keys = Object.keys(obj);
-    for (var i = 0; i < keys.length; ++i) {
-        var key = keys[i];
-        var newKey = $protobuf.util.camelCase(key);
-        if (!Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(type.fields, newKey)) continue;
-        var field = type.fields[newKey];
-        if (field.resolvedType instanceof Type) {
-            val[newKey] = toDescriptorOptionsRecursive(obj[key], field.resolvedType);
-        } else {
-            val[newKey] = obj[key];
-        }
-        if (field.repeated && !Array.isArray(val[newKey])) {
-            val[newKey] = [val[newKey]];
-        }
-    }
-    return val;
-}
-
-// Converts an options object to descriptor options
-function toDescriptorOptions(options, type) {
-    if (!options)
-        return undefined;
-    return type.fromObject(toDescriptorOptionsRecursive(options, type));
-}
-
-// Calculates the shortest relative path from `from` to `to`.
-function shortname(from, to) {
-    var fromPath = from.fullName.split("."),
-        toPath = to.fullName.split("."),
-        i = 0,
-        j = 0,
-        k = toPath.length - 1;
-    if (!(from instanceof Root) && to instanceof Namespace)
-        while (i < fromPath.length && j < k && fromPath[i] === toPath[j]) {
-            var other = to.lookup(fromPath[i++], true);
-            if (other !== null && other !== to)
-                break;
-            ++j;
-        }
-    else
-        for (; i < fromPath.length && j < k && fromPath[i] === toPath[j]; ++i, ++j);
-    return toPath.slice(j).join(".");
-}
-
-// copied here from cli/targets/proto.js
-function underScore(str) {
-    return str.substring(0,1)
-         + str.substring(1)
-               .replace(/([A-Z])(?=[a-z]|$)/g, function($0, $1) { return "_" + $1.toLowerCase(); });
-}
-
-function editionFromDescriptor(fileDescriptor) {
-    if (fileDescriptor.syntax === "editions") {
-        switch(fileDescriptor.edition) {
-            case exports.Edition.EDITION_2023:
-                return "2023";
-            default:
-                throw new Error("Unsupported edition " + fileDescriptor.edition);
-        }
-    }
-    if (fileDescriptor.syntax === "proto3") {
-        return "proto3";
-    }
-    return "proto2";
-}
-
-function editionToDescriptor(edition, fileDescriptor) {
-    if (!edition) return;
-    if (edition === "proto2" || edition === "proto3") {
-        fileDescriptor.syntax = edition;
-    } else {
-        fileDescriptor.syntax = "editions";
-        switch(edition) {
-            case "2023":
-                fileDescriptor.edition = exports.Edition.EDITION_2023;
-                break;
-            default:
-                throw new Error("Unsupported edition " + edition);
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-// --- exports ---
-
-/**
- * Reflected file descriptor set.
- * @name FileDescriptorSet
- * @type {Type}
- * @const
- * @tstype $protobuf.Type
- */
-
-/**
- * Reflected file descriptor proto.
- * @name FileDescriptorProto
- * @type {Type}
- * @const
- * @tstype $protobuf.Type
- */
-
-/**
- * Reflected descriptor proto.
- * @name DescriptorProto
- * @type {Type}
- * @property {Type} ExtensionRange
- * @property {Type} ReservedRange
- * @const
- * @tstype $protobuf.Type & {
- *     ExtensionRange: $protobuf.Type,
- *     ReservedRange: $protobuf.Type
- * }
- */
-
-/**
- * Reflected field descriptor proto.
- * @name FieldDescriptorProto
- * @type {Type}
- * @property {Enum} Label
- * @property {Enum} Type
- * @const
- * @tstype $protobuf.Type & {
- *     Label: $protobuf.Enum,
- *     Type: $protobuf.Enum
- * }
- */
-
-/**
- * Reflected oneof descriptor proto.
- * @name OneofDescriptorProto
- * @type {Type}
- * @const
- * @tstype $protobuf.Type
- */
-
-/**
- * Reflected enum descriptor proto.
- * @name EnumDescriptorProto
- * @type {Type}
- * @const
- * @tstype $protobuf.Type
- */
-
-/**
- * Reflected service descriptor proto.
- * @name ServiceDescriptorProto
- * @type {Type}
- * @const
- * @tstype $protobuf.Type
- */
-
-/**
- * Reflected enum value descriptor proto.
- * @name EnumValueDescriptorProto
- * @type {Type}
- * @const
- * @tstype $protobuf.Type
- */
-
-/**
- * Reflected method descriptor proto.
- * @name MethodDescriptorProto
- * @type {Type}
- * @const
- * @tstype $protobuf.Type
- */
-
-/**
- * Reflected file options.
- * @name FileOptions
- * @type {Type}
- * @property {Enum} OptimizeMode
- * @const
- * @tstype $protobuf.Type & {
- *     OptimizeMode: $protobuf.Enum
- * }
- */
-
-/**
- * Reflected message options.
- * @name MessageOptions
- * @type {Type}
- * @const
- * @tstype $protobuf.Type
- */
-
-/**
- * Reflected field options.
- * @name FieldOptions
- * @type {Type}
- * @property {Enum} CType
- * @property {Enum} JSType
- * @const
- * @tstype $protobuf.Type & {
- *     CType: $protobuf.Enum,
- *     JSType: $protobuf.Enum
- * }
- */
-
-/**
- * Reflected oneof options.
- * @name OneofOptions
- * @type {Type}
- * @const
- * @tstype $protobuf.Type
- */
-
-/**
- * Reflected enum options.
- * @name EnumOptions
- * @type {Type}
- * @const
- * @tstype $protobuf.Type
- */
-
-/**
- * Reflected enum value options.
- * @name EnumValueOptions
- * @type {Type}
- * @const
- * @tstype $protobuf.Type
- */
-
-/**
- * Reflected service options.
- * @name ServiceOptions
- * @type {Type}
- * @const
- * @tstype $protobuf.Type
- */
-
-/**
- * Reflected method options.
- * @name MethodOptions
- * @type {Type}
- * @const
- * @tstype $protobuf.Type
- */
-
-/**
- * Reflected uninterpretet option.
- * @name UninterpretedOption
- * @type {Type}
- * @property {Type} NamePart
- * @const
- * @tstype $protobuf.Type & {
- *     NamePart: $protobuf.Type
- * }
- */
-
-/**
- * Reflected source code info.
- * @name SourceCodeInfo
- * @type {Type}
- * @property {Type} Location
- * @const
- * @tstype $protobuf.Type & {
- *     Location: $protobuf.Type
- * }
- */
-
-/**
- * Reflected generated code info.
- * @name GeneratedCodeInfo
- * @type {Type}
- * @property {Type} Annotation
- * @const
- * @tstype $protobuf.Type & {
- *     Annotation: $protobuf.Type
- * }
- */
+"use strict";
+var $protobuf = require("../..");
+module.exports = exports = $protobuf.descriptor = $protobuf.Root.fromJSON(require("../../google/protobuf/descriptor.json")).lookup(".google.protobuf");
+
+var Namespace = $protobuf.Namespace,
+    Root      = $protobuf.Root,
+    Enum      = $protobuf.Enum,
+    Type      = $protobuf.Type,
+    Field     = $protobuf.Field,
+    MapField  = $protobuf.MapField,
+    OneOf     = $protobuf.OneOf,
+    Service   = $protobuf.Service,
+    Method    = $protobuf.Method,
+    patterns  = $protobuf.util.patterns;
+
+var numberRe  = patterns.numberRe,
+    typeRefRe = patterns.typeRefRe;
+
+// --- Root ---
+
+/**
+ * Properties of a FileDescriptorSet message.
+ * @interface IFileDescriptorSet
+ * @property {IFileDescriptorProto[]} file Files
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Properties of a FileDescriptorProto message.
+ * @interface IFileDescriptorProto
+ * @property {string} [name] File name
+ * @property {string} [package] Package
+ * @property {*} [dependency] Not supported
+ * @property {*} [publicDependency] Not supported
+ * @property {*} [weakDependency] Not supported
+ * @property {IDescriptorProto[]} [messageType] Nested message types
+ * @property {IEnumDescriptorProto[]} [enumType] Nested enums
+ * @property {IServiceDescriptorProto[]} [service] Nested services
+ * @property {IFieldDescriptorProto[]} [extension] Nested extension fields
+ * @property {IFileOptions} [options] Options
+ * @property {*} [sourceCodeInfo] Not supported
+ * @property {string} [syntax="proto2"] Syntax
+ * @property {IEdition} [edition] Edition
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Values of the Edition enum.
+ * @typedef IEdition
+ * @type {number}
+ * @property {number} EDITION_UNKNOWN=0
+ * @property {number} EDITION_LEGACY=900
+ * @property {number} EDITION_PROTO2=998
+ * @property {number} EDITION_PROTO3=999
+ * @property {number} EDITION_2023=1000
+ * @property {number} EDITION_2024=1001
+ * @property {number} EDITION_1_TEST_ONLY=1
+ * @property {number} EDITION_2_TEST_ONLY=2
+ * @property {number} EDITION_99997_TEST_ONLY=99997
+ * @property {number} EDITION_99998_TEST_ONLY=99998
+ * @property {number} EDITION_99998_TEST_ONLY=99999
+ * @property {number} EDITION_MAX=2147483647
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Properties of a FileOptions message.
+ * @interface IFileOptions
+ * @property {string} [javaPackage]
+ * @property {string} [javaOuterClassname]
+ * @property {boolean} [javaMultipleFiles]
+ * @property {boolean} [javaGenerateEqualsAndHash]
+ * @property {boolean} [javaStringCheckUtf8]
+ * @property {IFileOptionsOptimizeMode} [optimizeFor=1]
+ * @property {string} [goPackage]
+ * @property {boolean} [ccGenericServices]
+ * @property {boolean} [javaGenericServices]
+ * @property {boolean} [pyGenericServices]
+ * @property {boolean} [deprecated]
+ * @property {boolean} [ccEnableArenas]
+ * @property {string} [objcClassPrefix]
+ * @property {string} [csharpNamespace]
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Values of he FileOptions.OptimizeMode enum.
+ * @typedef IFileOptionsOptimizeMode
+ * @type {number}
+ * @property {number} SPEED=1
+ * @property {number} CODE_SIZE=2
+ * @property {number} LITE_RUNTIME=3
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Creates a root from a descriptor set.
+ * @param {IFileDescriptorSet|Reader|Uint8Array} descriptor Descriptor
+ * @returns {Root} Root instance
+ */
+Root.fromDescriptor = function fromDescriptor(descriptor) {
+
+    // Decode the descriptor message if specified as a buffer:
+    if (typeof descriptor.length === "number")
+        descriptor = exports.FileDescriptorSet.decode(descriptor);
+
+    var root = new Root();
+
+    if (descriptor.file) {
+        var fileDescriptor,
+            filePackage;
+        for (var j = 0, i; j < descriptor.file.length; ++j) {
+            filePackage = root;
+            if ((fileDescriptor = descriptor.file[j])["package"] && fileDescriptor["package"].length)
+                filePackage = root.define(fileDescriptor["package"]);
+            var edition = editionFromDescriptor(fileDescriptor);
+            if (fileDescriptor.name && fileDescriptor.name.length)
+                root.files.push(filePackage.filename = fileDescriptor.name);
+            if (fileDescriptor.messageType)
+                for (i = 0; i < fileDescriptor.messageType.length; ++i)
+                    filePackage.add(Type.fromDescriptor(fileDescriptor.messageType[i], edition));
+            if (fileDescriptor.enumType)
+                for (i = 0; i < fileDescriptor.enumType.length; ++i)
+                    filePackage.add(Enum.fromDescriptor(fileDescriptor.enumType[i], edition));
+            if (fileDescriptor.extension)
+                for (i = 0; i < fileDescriptor.extension.length; ++i)
+                    filePackage.add(Field.fromDescriptor(fileDescriptor.extension[i], edition));
+            if (fileDescriptor.service)
+                for (i = 0; i < fileDescriptor.service.length; ++i)
+                    filePackage.add(Service.fromDescriptor(fileDescriptor.service[i], edition));
+            var opts = fromDescriptorOptions(fileDescriptor.options, exports.FileOptions);
+            if (opts) {
+                var ks = Object.keys(opts);
+                for (i = 0; i < ks.length; ++i)
+                    filePackage.setOption(ks[i], opts[ks[i]]);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    return root.resolveAll();
+};
+
+/**
+ * Converts a root to a descriptor set.
+ * @returns {Message<IFileDescriptorSet>} Descriptor
+ * @param {string} [edition="proto2"] The syntax or edition to use
+ */
+Root.prototype.toDescriptor = function toDescriptor(edition) {
+    var set = exports.FileDescriptorSet.create();
+    Root_toDescriptorRecursive(this, set.file, edition);
+    return set;
+};
+
+// Traverses a namespace and assembles the descriptor set
+function Root_toDescriptorRecursive(ns, files, edition) {
+
+    // Create a new file
+    var file = exports.FileDescriptorProto.create({ name: ns.filename || (ns.fullName.substring(1).replace(/\./g, "_") || "root") + ".proto" });
+    editionToDescriptor(edition, file);
+    if (!(ns instanceof Root))
+        file["package"] = ns.fullName.substring(1);
+
+    // Add nested types
+    for (var i = 0, nested; i < ns.nestedArray.length; ++i)
+        if ((nested = ns._nestedArray[i]) instanceof Type)
+            file.messageType.push(nested.toDescriptor(edition));
+        else if (nested instanceof Enum)
+            file.enumType.push(nested.toDescriptor());
+        else if (nested instanceof Field)
+            file.extension.push(nested.toDescriptor(edition));
+        else if (nested instanceof Service)
+            file.service.push(nested.toDescriptor());
+        else if (nested instanceof /* plain */ Namespace)
+            Root_toDescriptorRecursive(nested, files, edition); // requires new file
+
+    // Keep package-level options
+    file.options = toDescriptorOptions(ns.options, exports.FileOptions);
+
+    // And keep the file only if there is at least one nested object
+    if (file.messageType.length + file.enumType.length + file.extension.length + file.service.length)
+        files.push(file);
+}
+
+// --- Type ---
+
+/**
+ * Properties of a DescriptorProto message.
+ * @interface IDescriptorProto
+ * @property {string} [name] Message type name
+ * @property {IFieldDescriptorProto[]} [field] Fields
+ * @property {IFieldDescriptorProto[]} [extension] Extension fields
+ * @property {IDescriptorProto[]} [nestedType] Nested message types
+ * @property {IEnumDescriptorProto[]} [enumType] Nested enums
+ * @property {IDescriptorProtoExtensionRange[]} [extensionRange] Extension ranges
+ * @property {IOneofDescriptorProto[]} [oneofDecl] Oneofs
+ * @property {IMessageOptions} [options] Not supported
+ * @property {IDescriptorProtoReservedRange[]} [reservedRange] Reserved ranges
+ * @property {string[]} [reservedName] Reserved names
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Properties of a MessageOptions message.
+ * @interface IMessageOptions
+ * @property {boolean} [mapEntry=false] Whether this message is a map entry
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Properties of an ExtensionRange message.
+ * @interface IDescriptorProtoExtensionRange
+ * @property {number} [start] Start field id
+ * @property {number} [end] End field id
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Properties of a ReservedRange message.
+ * @interface IDescriptorProtoReservedRange
+ * @property {number} [start] Start field id
+ * @property {number} [end] End field id
+ */
+
+var unnamedMessageIndex = 0;
+
+/**
+ * Creates a type from a descriptor.
+ *
+ * Warning: this is not safe to use with editions protos, since it discards relevant file context.
+ *
+ * @param {IDescriptorProto|Reader|Uint8Array} descriptor Descriptor
+ * @param {string} [edition="proto2"] The syntax or edition to use
+ * @param {boolean} [nested=false] Whether or not this is a nested object
+ * @returns {Type} Type instance
+ */
+Type.fromDescriptor = function fromDescriptor(descriptor, edition, nested) {
+    // Decode the descriptor message if specified as a buffer:
+    if (typeof descriptor.length === "number")
+        descriptor = exports.DescriptorProto.decode(descriptor);
+
+    // Create the message type
+    var type = new Type(descriptor.name.length ? descriptor.name : "Type" + unnamedMessageIndex++, fromDescriptorOptions(descriptor.options, exports.MessageOptions)),
+        i;
+
+    if (!nested)
+        type._edition = edition;
+
+    /* Oneofs */ if (descriptor.oneofDecl)
+        for (i = 0; i < descriptor.oneofDecl.length; ++i)
+            type.add(OneOf.fromDescriptor(descriptor.oneofDecl[i]));
+    /* Fields */ if (descriptor.field)
+        for (i = 0; i < descriptor.field.length; ++i) {
+            var field = Field.fromDescriptor(descriptor.field[i], edition, true);
+            type.add(field);
+            if (descriptor.field[i].hasOwnProperty("oneofIndex")) // eslint-disable-line no-prototype-builtins
+                type.oneofsArray[descriptor.field[i].oneofIndex].add(field);
+        }
+    /* Extension fields */ if (descriptor.extension)
+        for (i = 0; i < descriptor.extension.length; ++i)
+            type.add(Field.fromDescriptor(descriptor.extension[i], edition, true));
+    /* Nested types */ if (descriptor.nestedType)
+        for (i = 0; i < descriptor.nestedType.length; ++i) {
+            type.add(Type.fromDescriptor(descriptor.nestedType[i], edition, true));
+            if (descriptor.nestedType[i].options && descriptor.nestedType[i].options.mapEntry)
+                type.setOption("map_entry", true);
+        }
+    /* Nested enums */ if (descriptor.enumType)
+        for (i = 0; i < descriptor.enumType.length; ++i)
+            type.add(Enum.fromDescriptor(descriptor.enumType[i], edition, true));
+    /* Extension ranges */ if (descriptor.extensionRange && descriptor.extensionRange.length) {
+        type.extensions = [];
+        for (i = 0; i < descriptor.extensionRange.length; ++i)
+            type.extensions.push([ descriptor.extensionRange[i].start, descriptor.extensionRange[i].end ]);
+    }
+    /* Reserved... */ if (descriptor.reservedRange && descriptor.reservedRange.length || descriptor.reservedName && descriptor.reservedName.length) {
+        type.reserved = [];
+        /* Ranges */ if (descriptor.reservedRange)
+            for (i = 0; i < descriptor.reservedRange.length; ++i)
+                type.reserved.push([ descriptor.reservedRange[i].start, descriptor.reservedRange[i].end ]);
+        /* Names */ if (descriptor.reservedName)
+            for (i = 0; i < descriptor.reservedName.length; ++i)
+                type.reserved.push(descriptor.reservedName[i]);
+    }
+
+    return type;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Converts a type to a descriptor.
+ * @returns {Message<IDescriptorProto>} Descriptor
+ * @param {string} [edition="proto2"] The syntax or edition to use
+ */
+Type.prototype.toDescriptor = function toDescriptor(edition) {
+    var descriptor = exports.DescriptorProto.create({ name: this.name }),
+        i;
+
+    /* Fields */ for (i = 0; i < this.fieldsArray.length; ++i) {
+        var fieldDescriptor;
+        descriptor.field.push(fieldDescriptor = this._fieldsArray[i].toDescriptor(edition));
+        if (this._fieldsArray[i] instanceof MapField) { // map fields are repeated FieldNameEntry
+            var keyType = toDescriptorType(this._fieldsArray[i].keyType, this._fieldsArray[i].resolvedKeyType, false),
+                valueType = toDescriptorType(this._fieldsArray[i].type, this._fieldsArray[i].resolvedType, false),
+                valueTypeName = valueType === /* type */ 11 || valueType === /* enum */ 14
+                    ? this._fieldsArray[i].resolvedType && shortname(this.parent, this._fieldsArray[i].resolvedType) || this._fieldsArray[i].type
+                    : undefined;
+            descriptor.nestedType.push(exports.DescriptorProto.create({
+                name: fieldDescriptor.typeName,
+                field: [
+                    exports.FieldDescriptorProto.create({ name: "key", number: 1, label: 1, type: keyType }), // can't reference a type or enum
+                    exports.FieldDescriptorProto.create({ name: "value", number: 2, label: 1, type: valueType, typeName: valueTypeName })
+                ],
+                options: exports.MessageOptions.create({ mapEntry: true })
+            }));
+        }
+    }
+    /* Oneofs */ for (i = 0; i < this.oneofsArray.length; ++i)
+        descriptor.oneofDecl.push(this._oneofsArray[i].toDescriptor());
+    /* Nested... */ for (i = 0; i < this.nestedArray.length; ++i) {
+        /* Extension fields */ if (this._nestedArray[i] instanceof Field)
+            descriptor.field.push(this._nestedArray[i].toDescriptor(edition));
+        /* Types */ else if (this._nestedArray[i] instanceof Type)
+            descriptor.nestedType.push(this._nestedArray[i].toDescriptor(edition));
+        /* Enums */ else if (this._nestedArray[i] instanceof Enum)
+            descriptor.enumType.push(this._nestedArray[i].toDescriptor());
+        // plain nested namespaces become packages instead in Root#toDescriptor
+    }
+    /* Extension ranges */ if (this.extensions)
+        for (i = 0; i < this.extensions.length; ++i)
+            descriptor.extensionRange.push(exports.DescriptorProto.ExtensionRange.create({ start: this.extensions[i][0], end: this.extensions[i][1] }));
+    /* Reserved... */ if (this.reserved)
+        for (i = 0; i < this.reserved.length; ++i)
+            /* Names */ if (typeof this.reserved[i] === "string")
+                descriptor.reservedName.push(this.reserved[i]);
+            /* Ranges */ else
+                descriptor.reservedRange.push(exports.DescriptorProto.ReservedRange.create({ start: this.reserved[i][0], end: this.reserved[i][1] }));
+
+    descriptor.options = toDescriptorOptions(this.options, exports.MessageOptions);
+
+    return descriptor;
+};
+
+// --- Field ---
+
+/**
+ * Properties of a FieldDescriptorProto message.
+ * @interface IFieldDescriptorProto
+ * @property {string} [name] Field name
+ * @property {number} [number] Field id
+ * @property {IFieldDescriptorProtoLabel} [label] Field rule
+ * @property {IFieldDescriptorProtoType} [type] Field basic type
+ * @property {string} [typeName] Field type name
+ * @property {string} [extendee] Extended type name
+ * @property {string} [defaultValue] Literal default value
+ * @property {number} [oneofIndex] Oneof index if part of a oneof
+ * @property {*} [jsonName] Not supported
+ * @property {IFieldOptions} [options] Field options
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Values of the FieldDescriptorProto.Label enum.
+ * @typedef IFieldDescriptorProtoLabel
+ * @type {number}
+ * @property {number} LABEL_OPTIONAL=1
+ * @property {number} LABEL_REQUIRED=2
+ * @property {number} LABEL_REPEATED=3
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Values of the FieldDescriptorProto.Type enum.
+ * @typedef IFieldDescriptorProtoType
+ * @type {number}
+ * @property {number} TYPE_DOUBLE=1
+ * @property {number} TYPE_FLOAT=2
+ * @property {number} TYPE_INT64=3
+ * @property {number} TYPE_UINT64=4
+ * @property {number} TYPE_INT32=5
+ * @property {number} TYPE_FIXED64=6
+ * @property {number} TYPE_FIXED32=7
+ * @property {number} TYPE_BOOL=8
+ * @property {number} TYPE_STRING=9
+ * @property {number} TYPE_GROUP=10
+ * @property {number} TYPE_MESSAGE=11
+ * @property {number} TYPE_BYTES=12
+ * @property {number} TYPE_UINT32=13
+ * @property {number} TYPE_ENUM=14
+ * @property {number} TYPE_SFIXED32=15
+ * @property {number} TYPE_SFIXED64=16
+ * @property {number} TYPE_SINT32=17
+ * @property {number} TYPE_SINT64=18
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Properties of a FieldOptions message.
+ * @interface IFieldOptions
+ * @property {boolean} [packed] Whether packed or not (defaults to `false` for proto2 and `true` for proto3)
+ * @property {IFieldOptionsJSType} [jstype] JavaScript value type (not used by protobuf.js)
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Values of the FieldOptions.JSType enum.
+ * @typedef IFieldOptionsJSType
+ * @type {number}
+ * @property {number} JS_NORMAL=0
+ * @property {number} JS_STRING=1
+ * @property {number} JS_NUMBER=2
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Creates a field from a descriptor.
+ *
+ * Warning: this is not safe to use with editions protos, since it discards relevant file context.
+ *
+ * @param {IFieldDescriptorProto|Reader|Uint8Array} descriptor Descriptor
+ * @param {string} [edition="proto2"] The syntax or edition to use
+ * @param {boolean} [nested=false] Whether or not this is a top-level object
+ * @returns {Field} Field instance
+ */
+Field.fromDescriptor = function fromDescriptor(descriptor, edition, nested) {
+
+    // Decode the descriptor message if specified as a buffer:
+    if (typeof descriptor.length === "number")
+        descriptor = exports.DescriptorProto.decode(descriptor);
+
+    if (typeof descriptor.number !== "number")
+        throw Error("missing field id");
+
+    // Rewire field type
+    var typeName = descriptor.typeName,
+        fieldType;
+    if (typeName != null && typeName !== "") {
+        if (typeof typeName !== "string" || !typeRefRe.test(typeName))
+            throw Error("illegal type name: " + typeName);
+        fieldType = typeName;
+    } else
+        fieldType = fromDescriptorType(descriptor.type);
+
+    // Rewire field rule
+    var fieldRule;
+    switch (descriptor.label) {
+        // 0 is reserved for errors
+        case 1: fieldRule = undefined; break;
+        case 2: fieldRule = "required"; break;
+        case 3: fieldRule = "repeated"; break;
+        default: throw Error("illegal label: " + descriptor.label);
+    }
+
+    var extendee = descriptor.extendee;
+    if (extendee != null && extendee !== "") {
+        if (typeof extendee !== "string" || !typeRefRe.test(extendee))
+            throw Error("illegal type name: " + extendee);
+    } else
+        extendee = undefined;
+    var field = new Field(
+        descriptor.name.length ? descriptor.name : "field" + descriptor.number,
+        descriptor.number,
+        fieldType,
+        fieldRule,
+        extendee
+    );
+
+    if (!nested)
+        field._edition = edition;
+
+    field.options = fromDescriptorOptions(descriptor.options, exports.FieldOptions);
+    if (descriptor.proto3_optional)
+        field.options.proto3_optional = true;
+
+    if (descriptor.defaultValue && descriptor.defaultValue.length) {
+        var defaultValue = descriptor.defaultValue;
+        switch (defaultValue) {
+            case "true": case "TRUE":
+                defaultValue = true;
+                break;
+            case "false": case "FALSE":
+                defaultValue = false;
+                break;
+            default:
+                var match = numberRe.exec(defaultValue);
+                if (match)
+                    defaultValue = parseInt(defaultValue); // eslint-disable-line radix
+                break;
+        }
+        field.setOption("default", defaultValue);
+    }
+
+    if (packableDescriptorType(descriptor.type)) {
+        if (edition === "proto3") { // defaults to packed=true (internal preset is packed=true)
+            if (descriptor.options && !descriptor.options.packed)
+                field.setOption("packed", false);
+        } else if ((!edition || edition === "proto2") && descriptor.options && descriptor.options.packed) // defaults to packed=false
+            field.setOption("packed", true);
+    }
+
+    return field;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Converts a field to a descriptor.
+ * @returns {Message<IFieldDescriptorProto>} Descriptor
+ * @param {string} [edition="proto2"] The syntax or edition to use
+ */
+Field.prototype.toDescriptor = function toDescriptor(edition) {
+    var descriptor = exports.FieldDescriptorProto.create({ name: this.name, number: this.id });
+
+    if (this.map) {
+
+        descriptor.type = 11; // message
+        descriptor.typeName = $protobuf.util.ucFirst(this.name); // fieldName -> FieldNameEntry (built in Type#toDescriptor)
+        descriptor.label = 3; // repeated
+
+    } else {
+
+        // Rewire field type
+        switch (descriptor.type = toDescriptorType(this.type, this.resolve().resolvedType, this.delimited)) {
+            case 10: // group
+            case 11: // type
+            case 14: // enum
+                descriptor.typeName = this.resolvedType ? shortname(this.parent, this.resolvedType) : this.type;
+                break;
+        }
+
+        // Rewire field rule
+        if (this.rule === "repeated") {
+            descriptor.label = 3;
+        } else if (this.required && edition === "proto2") {
+            descriptor.label = 2;
+        } else {
+            descriptor.label = 1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Handle extension field
+    descriptor.extendee = this.extensionField ? this.extensionField.parent.fullName : this.extend;
+
+    // Handle part of oneof (only meaningful for message types)
+    if (this.partOf && this.parent instanceof Type) {
+        if ((descriptor.oneofIndex = this.parent.oneofsArray.indexOf(this.partOf)) < 0)
+            throw Error("missing oneof");
+    }
+
+    if (this.options) {
+        descriptor.options = toDescriptorOptions(this.options, exports.FieldOptions);
+        if (this.options["default"] != null)
+            descriptor.defaultValue = String(this.options["default"]);
+        if (this.options.proto3_optional)
+            descriptor.proto3_optional = true;
+    }
+
+    if (edition === "proto3") { // defaults to packed=true
+        if (!this.packed)
+            (descriptor.options || (descriptor.options = exports.FieldOptions.create())).packed = false;
+    } else if ((!edition || edition === "proto2") && this.packed) // defaults to packed=false
+        (descriptor.options || (descriptor.options = exports.FieldOptions.create())).packed = true;
+
+    return descriptor;
+};
+
+// --- Enum ---
+
+/**
+ * Properties of an EnumDescriptorProto message.
+ * @interface IEnumDescriptorProto
+ * @property {string} [name] Enum name
+ * @property {IEnumValueDescriptorProto[]} [value] Enum values
+ * @property {IEnumOptions} [options] Enum options
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Properties of an EnumValueDescriptorProto message.
+ * @interface IEnumValueDescriptorProto
+ * @property {string} [name] Name
+ * @property {number} [number] Value
+ * @property {*} [options] Not supported
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Properties of an EnumOptions message.
+ * @interface IEnumOptions
+ * @property {boolean} [allowAlias] Whether aliases are allowed
+ * @property {boolean} [deprecated]
+ */
+
+var unnamedEnumIndex = 0;
+
+/**
+ * Creates an enum from a descriptor.
+ *
+ * Warning: this is not safe to use with editions protos, since it discards relevant file context.
+ *
+ * @param {IEnumDescriptorProto|Reader|Uint8Array} descriptor Descriptor
+ * @param {string} [edition="proto2"] The syntax or edition to use
+ * @param {boolean} [nested=false] Whether or not this is a top-level object
+ * @returns {Enum} Enum instance
+ */
+Enum.fromDescriptor = function fromDescriptor(descriptor, edition, nested) {
+
+    // Decode the descriptor message if specified as a buffer:
+    if (typeof descriptor.length === "number")
+        descriptor = exports.EnumDescriptorProto.decode(descriptor);
+
+    // Construct values object
+    var values = {};
+    if (descriptor.value)
+        for (var i = 0; i < descriptor.value.length; ++i) {
+            var name  = descriptor.value[i].name,
+                value = descriptor.value[i].number || 0;
+            values[name && name.length ? name : "NAME" + value] = value;
+        }
+
+    var enm = new Enum(
+        descriptor.name && descriptor.name.length ? descriptor.name : "Enum" + unnamedEnumIndex++,
+        values,
+        fromDescriptorOptions(descriptor.options, exports.EnumOptions)
+    );
+
+    if (!nested)
+        enm._edition = edition;
+
+    return enm;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Converts an enum to a descriptor.
+ * @returns {Message<IEnumDescriptorProto>} Descriptor
+ */
+Enum.prototype.toDescriptor = function toDescriptor() {
+
+    // Values
+    var values = [];
+    for (var i = 0, ks = Object.keys(this.values); i < ks.length; ++i)
+        values.push(exports.EnumValueDescriptorProto.create({ name: ks[i], number: this.values[ks[i]] }));
+
+    return exports.EnumDescriptorProto.create({
+        name: this.name,
+        value: values,
+        options: toDescriptorOptions(this.options, exports.EnumOptions)
+    });
+};
+
+// --- OneOf ---
+
+/**
+ * Properties of a OneofDescriptorProto message.
+ * @interface IOneofDescriptorProto
+ * @property {string} [name] Oneof name
+ * @property {*} [options] Not supported
+ */
+
+var unnamedOneofIndex = 0;
+
+/**
+ * Creates a oneof from a descriptor.
+ *
+ * Warning: this is not safe to use with editions protos, since it discards relevant file context.
+ *
+ * @param {IOneofDescriptorProto|Reader|Uint8Array} descriptor Descriptor
+ * @returns {OneOf} OneOf instance
+ */
+OneOf.fromDescriptor = function fromDescriptor(descriptor) {
+
+    // Decode the descriptor message if specified as a buffer:
+    if (typeof descriptor.length === "number")
+        descriptor = exports.OneofDescriptorProto.decode(descriptor);
+
+    return new OneOf(
+        // unnamedOneOfIndex is global, not per type, because we have no ref to a type here
+        descriptor.name && descriptor.name.length ? descriptor.name : "oneof" + unnamedOneofIndex++
+        // fromDescriptorOptions(descriptor.options, exports.OneofOptions) - only uninterpreted_option
+    );
+};
+
+/**
+ * Converts a oneof to a descriptor.
+ * @returns {Message<IOneofDescriptorProto>} Descriptor
+ */
+OneOf.prototype.toDescriptor = function toDescriptor() {
+    return exports.OneofDescriptorProto.create({
+        name: this.name
+        // options: toDescriptorOptions(this.options, exports.OneofOptions) - only uninterpreted_option
+    });
+};
+
+// --- Service ---
+
+/**
+ * Properties of a ServiceDescriptorProto message.
+ * @interface IServiceDescriptorProto
+ * @property {string} [name] Service name
+ * @property {IMethodDescriptorProto[]} [method] Methods
+ * @property {IServiceOptions} [options] Options
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Properties of a ServiceOptions message.
+ * @interface IServiceOptions
+ * @property {boolean} [deprecated]
+ */
+
+var unnamedServiceIndex = 0;
+
+/**
+ * Creates a service from a descriptor.
+ *
+ * Warning: this is not safe to use with editions protos, since it discards relevant file context.
+ *
+ * @param {IServiceDescriptorProto|Reader|Uint8Array} descriptor Descriptor
+ * @param {string} [edition="proto2"] The syntax or edition to use
+ * @param {boolean} [nested=false] Whether or not this is a top-level object
+ * @returns {Service} Service instance
+ */
+Service.fromDescriptor = function fromDescriptor(descriptor, edition, nested) {
+
+    // Decode the descriptor message if specified as a buffer:
+    if (typeof descriptor.length === "number")
+        descriptor = exports.ServiceDescriptorProto.decode(descriptor);
+
+    var service = new Service(descriptor.name && descriptor.name.length ? descriptor.name : "Service" + unnamedServiceIndex++, fromDescriptorOptions(descriptor.options, exports.ServiceOptions));
+    if (!nested)
+        service._edition = edition;
+    if (descriptor.method)
+        for (var i = 0; i < descriptor.method.length; ++i)
+            service.add(Method.fromDescriptor(descriptor.method[i]));
+
+    return service;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Converts a service to a descriptor.
+ * @returns {Message<IServiceDescriptorProto>} Descriptor
+ */
+Service.prototype.toDescriptor = function toDescriptor() {
+
+    // Methods
+    var methods = [];
+    for (var i = 0; i < this.methodsArray.length; ++i)
+        methods.push(this._methodsArray[i].toDescriptor());
+
+    return exports.ServiceDescriptorProto.create({
+        name: this.name,
+        method: methods,
+        options: toDescriptorOptions(this.options, exports.ServiceOptions)
+    });
+};
+
+// --- Method ---
+
+/**
+ * Properties of a MethodDescriptorProto message.
+ * @interface IMethodDescriptorProto
+ * @property {string} [name] Method name
+ * @property {string} [inputType] Request type name
+ * @property {string} [outputType] Response type name
+ * @property {IMethodOptions} [options] Not supported
+ * @property {boolean} [clientStreaming=false] Whether requests are streamed
+ * @property {boolean} [serverStreaming=false] Whether responses are streamed
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Properties of a MethodOptions message.
+ *
+ * Warning: this is not safe to use with editions protos, since it discards relevant file context.
+ *
+ * @interface IMethodOptions
+ * @property {boolean} [deprecated]
+ */
+
+var unnamedMethodIndex = 0;
+
+/**
+ * Creates a method from a descriptor.
+ * @param {IMethodDescriptorProto|Reader|Uint8Array} descriptor Descriptor
+ * @returns {Method} Reflected method instance
+ */
+Method.fromDescriptor = function fromDescriptor(descriptor) {
+
+    // Decode the descriptor message if specified as a buffer:
+    if (typeof descriptor.length === "number")
+        descriptor = exports.MethodDescriptorProto.decode(descriptor);
+
+    var inputType = descriptor.inputType,
+        outputType = descriptor.outputType;
+
+    if (inputType != null && inputType !== "") {
+        if (typeof inputType !== "string" || !typeRefRe.test(inputType))
+            throw Error("illegal type name: " + inputType);
+    }
+    if (outputType != null && outputType !== "") {
+        if (typeof outputType !== "string" || !typeRefRe.test(outputType))
+            throw Error("illegal type name: " + outputType);
+    }
+
+    return new Method(
+        // unnamedMethodIndex is global, not per service, because we have no ref to a service here
+        descriptor.name && descriptor.name.length ? descriptor.name : "Method" + unnamedMethodIndex++,
+        "rpc",
+        inputType,
+        outputType,
+        Boolean(descriptor.clientStreaming),
+        Boolean(descriptor.serverStreaming),
+        fromDescriptorOptions(descriptor.options, exports.MethodOptions)
+    );
+};
+
+/**
+ * Converts a method to a descriptor.
+ * @returns {Message<IMethodDescriptorProto>} Descriptor
+ */
+Method.prototype.toDescriptor = function toDescriptor() {
+    return exports.MethodDescriptorProto.create({
+        name: this.name,
+        inputType: this.resolvedRequestType ? this.resolvedRequestType.fullName : this.requestType,
+        outputType: this.resolvedResponseType ? this.resolvedResponseType.fullName : this.responseType,
+        clientStreaming: this.requestStream,
+        serverStreaming: this.responseStream,
+        options: toDescriptorOptions(this.options, exports.MethodOptions)
+    });
+};
+
+// --- utility ---
+
+// Converts a descriptor type to a protobuf.js basic type
+function fromDescriptorType(type) {
+    switch (type) {
+        // 0 is reserved for errors
+        case 1: return "double";
+        case 2: return "float";
+        case 3: return "int64";
+        case 4: return "uint64";
+        case 5: return "int32";
+        case 6: return "fixed64";
+        case 7: return "fixed32";
+        case 8: return "bool";
+        case 9: return "string";
+        case 12: return "bytes";
+        case 13: return "uint32";
+        case 15: return "sfixed32";
+        case 16: return "sfixed64";
+        case 17: return "sint32";
+        case 18: return "sint64";
+    }
+    throw Error("illegal type: " + type);
+}
+
+// Tests if a descriptor type is packable
+function packableDescriptorType(type) {
+    switch (type) {
+        case 1: // double
+        case 2: // float
+        case 3: // int64
+        case 4: // uint64
+        case 5: // int32
+        case 6: // fixed64
+        case 7: // fixed32
+        case 8: // bool
+        case 13: // uint32
+        case 14: // enum (!)
+        case 15: // sfixed32
+        case 16: // sfixed64
+        case 17: // sint32
+        case 18: // sint64
+            return true;
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+
+// Converts a protobuf.js basic type to a descriptor type
+function toDescriptorType(type, resolvedType, delimited) {
+    switch (type) {
+        // 0 is reserved for errors
+        case "double": return 1;
+        case "float": return 2;
+        case "int64": return 3;
+        case "uint64": return 4;
+        case "int32": return 5;
+        case "fixed64": return 6;
+        case "fixed32": return 7;
+        case "bool": return 8;
+        case "string": return 9;
+        case "bytes": return 12;
+        case "uint32": return 13;
+        case "sfixed32": return 15;
+        case "sfixed64": return 16;
+        case "sint32": return 17;
+        case "sint64": return 18;
+    }
+    if (resolvedType instanceof Enum)
+        return 14;
+    if (resolvedType instanceof Type)
+        return delimited ? 10 : 11;
+    throw Error("illegal type: " + type);
+}
+
+function fromDescriptorOptionsRecursive(obj, type) {
+    var val = {};
+    for (var i = 0, field, key; i < type.fieldsArray.length; ++i) {
+        if ((key = (field = type._fieldsArray[i]).name) === "uninterpretedOption") continue;
+        if (!Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(obj, key)) continue;
+
+        var newKey = underScore(key);
+        if (field.resolvedType instanceof Type) {
+            val[newKey] = fromDescriptorOptionsRecursive(obj[key], field.resolvedType);
+        } else if(field.resolvedType instanceof Enum) {
+            val[newKey] = field.resolvedType.valuesById[obj[key]];
+        } else {
+            val[newKey] = obj[key];
+        }
+    }
+    return val;
+}
+
+// Converts descriptor options to an options object
+function fromDescriptorOptions(options, type) {
+    if (!options)
+        return undefined;
+    return fromDescriptorOptionsRecursive(type.toObject(options), type);
+}
+
+function toDescriptorOptionsRecursive(obj, type) {
+    var val = {};
+    var keys = Object.keys(obj);
+    for (var i = 0; i < keys.length; ++i) {
+        var key = keys[i];
+        var newKey = $protobuf.util.camelCase(key);
+        if (!Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(type.fields, newKey)) continue;
+        var field = type.fields[newKey];
+        if (field.resolvedType instanceof Type) {
+            val[newKey] = toDescriptorOptionsRecursive(obj[key], field.resolvedType);
+        } else {
+            val[newKey] = obj[key];
+        }
+        if (field.repeated && !Array.isArray(val[newKey])) {
+            val[newKey] = [val[newKey]];
+        }
+    }
+    return val;
+}
+
+// Converts an options object to descriptor options
+function toDescriptorOptions(options, type) {
+    if (!options)
+        return undefined;
+    return type.fromObject(toDescriptorOptionsRecursive(options, type));
+}
+
+// Calculates the shortest relative path from `from` to `to`.
+function shortname(from, to) {
+    var fromPath = from.fullName.split("."),
+        toPath = to.fullName.split("."),
+        i = 0,
+        j = 0,
+        k = toPath.length - 1;
+    if (!(from instanceof Root) && to instanceof Namespace)
+        while (i < fromPath.length && j < k && fromPath[i] === toPath[j]) {
+            var other = to.lookup(fromPath[i++], true);
+            if (other !== null && other !== to)
+                break;
+            ++j;
+        }
+    else
+        for (; i < fromPath.length && j < k && fromPath[i] === toPath[j]; ++i, ++j);
+    return toPath.slice(j).join(".");
+}
+
+// copied here from cli/targets/proto.js
+function underScore(str) {
+    return str.substring(0,1)
+         + str.substring(1)
+               .replace(/([A-Z])(?=[a-z]|$)/g, function($0, $1) { return "_" + $1.toLowerCase(); });
+}
+
+function editionFromDescriptor(fileDescriptor) {
+    if (fileDescriptor.syntax === "editions") {
+        switch(fileDescriptor.edition) {
+            case exports.Edition.EDITION_2023:
+                return "2023";
+            default:
+                throw new Error("Unsupported edition " + fileDescriptor.edition);
+        }
+    }
+    if (fileDescriptor.syntax === "proto3") {
+        return "proto3";
+    }
+    return "proto2";
+}
+
+function editionToDescriptor(edition, fileDescriptor) {
+    if (!edition) return;
+    if (edition === "proto2" || edition === "proto3") {
+        fileDescriptor.syntax = edition;
+    } else {
+        fileDescriptor.syntax = "editions";
+        switch(edition) {
+            case "2023":
+                fileDescriptor.edition = exports.Edition.EDITION_2023;
+                break;
+            default:
+                throw new Error("Unsupported edition " + edition);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// --- exports ---
+
+/**
+ * Reflected file descriptor set.
+ * @name FileDescriptorSet
+ * @type {Type}
+ * @const
+ * @tstype $protobuf.Type
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Reflected file descriptor proto.
+ * @name FileDescriptorProto
+ * @type {Type}
+ * @const
+ * @tstype $protobuf.Type
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Reflected descriptor proto.
+ * @name DescriptorProto
+ * @type {Type}
+ * @property {Type} ExtensionRange
+ * @property {Type} ReservedRange
+ * @const
+ * @tstype $protobuf.Type & {
+ *     ExtensionRange: $protobuf.Type,
+ *     ReservedRange: $protobuf.Type
+ * }
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Reflected field descriptor proto.
+ * @name FieldDescriptorProto
+ * @type {Type}
+ * @property {Enum} Label
+ * @property {Enum} Type
+ * @const
+ * @tstype $protobuf.Type & {
+ *     Label: $protobuf.Enum,
+ *     Type: $protobuf.Enum
+ * }
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Reflected oneof descriptor proto.
+ * @name OneofDescriptorProto
+ * @type {Type}
+ * @const
+ * @tstype $protobuf.Type
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Reflected enum descriptor proto.
+ * @name EnumDescriptorProto
+ * @type {Type}
+ * @const
+ * @tstype $protobuf.Type
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Reflected service descriptor proto.
+ * @name ServiceDescriptorProto
+ * @type {Type}
+ * @const
+ * @tstype $protobuf.Type
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Reflected enum value descriptor proto.
+ * @name EnumValueDescriptorProto
+ * @type {Type}
+ * @const
+ * @tstype $protobuf.Type
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Reflected method descriptor proto.
+ * @name MethodDescriptorProto
+ * @type {Type}
+ * @const
+ * @tstype $protobuf.Type
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Reflected file options.
+ * @name FileOptions
+ * @type {Type}
+ * @property {Enum} OptimizeMode
+ * @const
+ * @tstype $protobuf.Type & {
+ *     OptimizeMode: $protobuf.Enum
+ * }
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Reflected message options.
+ * @name MessageOptions
+ * @type {Type}
+ * @const
+ * @tstype $protobuf.Type
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Reflected field options.
+ * @name FieldOptions
+ * @type {Type}
+ * @property {Enum} CType
+ * @property {Enum} JSType
+ * @const
+ * @tstype $protobuf.Type & {
+ *     CType: $protobuf.Enum,
+ *     JSType: $protobuf.Enum
+ * }
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Reflected oneof options.
+ * @name OneofOptions
+ * @type {Type}
+ * @const
+ * @tstype $protobuf.Type
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Reflected enum options.
+ * @name EnumOptions
+ * @type {Type}
+ * @const
+ * @tstype $protobuf.Type
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Reflected enum value options.
+ * @name EnumValueOptions
+ * @type {Type}
+ * @const
+ * @tstype $protobuf.Type
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Reflected service options.
+ * @name ServiceOptions
+ * @type {Type}
+ * @const
+ * @tstype $protobuf.Type
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Reflected method options.
+ * @name MethodOptions
+ * @type {Type}
+ * @const
+ * @tstype $protobuf.Type
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Reflected uninterpretet option.
+ * @name UninterpretedOption
+ * @type {Type}
+ * @property {Type} NamePart
+ * @const
+ * @tstype $protobuf.Type & {
+ *     NamePart: $protobuf.Type
+ * }
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Reflected source code info.
+ * @name SourceCodeInfo
+ * @type {Type}
+ * @property {Type} Location
+ * @const
+ * @tstype $protobuf.Type & {
+ *     Location: $protobuf.Type
+ * }
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Reflected generated code info.
+ * @name GeneratedCodeInfo
+ * @type {Type}
+ * @property {Type} Annotation
+ * @const
+ * @tstype $protobuf.Type & {
+ *     Annotation: $protobuf.Type
+ * }
+ */