plotboilerplate 1.28.1 → 1.30.0

package/src/cjs/utils/algorithms/pointsMinimalContainingCircle.js

@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+"use strict";
+/**
+ * Calculate the minimal containing circle from a set of points.
+ *
+ * The number of points must be at least 2. Otherwise the function returns null.
+ *
+ * Inspired by https://github.com/rowanwins/smallest-enclosing-circle.
+ *
+ * @param {XYCoords[]} points
+ * @returns
+ */
+Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", { value: true });
+exports.pointsMinimalContainingCircle = void 0;
+var Circle_1 = require("../../Circle");
+var Triangle_1 = require("../../Triangle");
+var VertTuple_1 = require("../../VertTuple");
+var Vertex_1 = require("../../Vertex");
+/**
+ * Calculate the minimal containing circle from a set of points.
+ *
+ * The number of points must be at least 2. Otherwise the function returns null.
+ *
+ * @param {XYCoords[]} points
+ * @returns {Circle | null} The minimal containing circle or null if the point count is lower than 2.
+ */
+var pointsMinimalContainingCircle = function (points) {
+    if (points.length <= 1) {
+        return null;
+    }
+    var circleObject = wetzlsAlgorithm(points);
+    return new Circle_1.Circle(new Vertex_1.Vertex(circleObject.center.x, circleObject.center.y), circleObject.radius);
+};
+exports.pointsMinimalContainingCircle = pointsMinimalContainingCircle;
+/**
+ * This initiates the actual algorithm but return a shallow circle representation.
+ *
+ * @param points
+ * @returns
+ */
+var wetzlsAlgorithm = function (points) {
+    return minimumContainingCircle(points, points.length, [], 0);
+};
+/**
+ * Pre: points.length >= 2
+ * @param {Vertex[]} points
+ * @param n
+ * @param boundary
+ * @param boundaryLength
+ * @returns
+ */
+var minimumContainingCircle = function (points, n, boundary, boundaryLength) {
+    if (boundaryLength === 3) {
+        return Triangle_1.Triangle.utils.calcCircumcircle(boundary[0], boundary[1], boundary[2]);
+    }
+    else if (n === 1 && boundaryLength === 0) {
+        return { center: { x: points[0].x, y: points[0].y }, radius: 0 };
+    }
+    else if (n === 0 && boundaryLength === 2) {
+        return VertTuple_1.VertTuple.vtutils.calcCircumcircle(boundary[0], boundary[1]);
+    }
+    else if (n === 1 && boundaryLength === 1) {
+        return VertTuple_1.VertTuple.vtutils.calcCircumcircle(boundary[0], points[0]);
+    }
+    else {
+        var localCircle = minimumContainingCircle(points, n - 1, boundary, boundaryLength);
+        if (!Circle_1.Circle.circleUtils.containsPoint(points[n - 1], localCircle)) {
+            boundary[boundaryLength++] = points[n - 1];
+            return minimumContainingCircle(points, n - 1, boundary, boundaryLength);
+        }
+        return localCircle;
+    }
+};
+//# sourceMappingURL=pointsMinimalContainingCircle.js.map

package/src/cjs/utils/algorithms/pointsMinimalContainingCircle.js.map

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package/src/cjs/utils/algorithms/solveApollonius3.d.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+/**
+ * A solver for the Apollonian circle problem:
+ *   find the circle that touches three other circles in extactly one point (each).
+ * The solution is not necesarily unique.
+ *
+ * For each of the three circles a boolean attribute can be passed that determines if the
+ * resultint circle should touch the input circle should be touched on the inside or outside.
+ *
+ * Not that there can be condition when the circle cannot be calculated (e.g. all circles
+ * have the same size and are colinear).
+ *
+ * Found at
+ *     https://stackoverflow.com/questions/79281573/algorithm-for-finding-enclosing-circles-for-3-other-circles
+ *
+ * solveApollonius(Coord c1, Coord c2, Coord c3, int s1, int s2, int s3) {
+        // https://github.com/DIKU-Steiner/ProGAL/blob/master/src/ProGAL/geom2d/ApolloniusSolver.java
+
+        var x1 = c1.x;
+        var y1 = c1.y;
+        var r1 = c1.z;
+        var x2 = c2.x;
+        var y2 = c2.y;
+        var r2 = c2.z;
+        var x3 = c3.x;
+        var y3 = c3.y;
+        var r3 = c3.z;
+
+        // Currently optimized for fewest multiplications.
+        var v11 = 2 * x2 - 2 * x1;
+        var v12 = 2 * y2 - 2 * y1;
+        var v13 = x1 * x1 - x2 * x2 + y1 * y1 - y2 * y2 - r1 * r1 + r2 * r2;
+        var v14 = 2 * s2 * r2 - 2 * s1 * r1;
+
+        var v21 = 2 * x3 - 2 * x2;
+        var v22 = 2 * y3 - 2 * y2;
+        var v23 = x2 * x2 - x3 * x3 + y2 * y2 - y3 * y3 - r2 * r2 + r3 * r3;
+        var v24 = 2 * s3 * r3 - 2 * s2 * r2;
+
+        var w12 = v12 / v11;
+        var w13 = v13 / v11;
+        var w14 = v14 / v11;
+
+        var w22 = v22 / v21 - w12;
+        var w23 = v23 / v21 - w13;
+        var w24 = v24 / v21 - w14;
+
+        var P = -w23 / w22;
+        var Q = w24 / w22;
+        var M = -w12 * P - w13;
+        var N = w14 - w12 * Q;
+
+        var a = N * N + Q * Q - 1;
+        var b = 2 * M * N - 2 * N * x1 + 2 * P * Q - 2 * Q * y1 + 2 * s1 * r1;
+        var c = x1 * x1 + M * M - 2 * M * x1 + P * P + y1 * y1 - 2 * P * y1 - r1 * r1;
+
+        // Find a root of a quadratic equation. This requires the circle centers not
+        // to be e.g. colinear
+        var D = b * b - 4 * a * c;
+        var rs = (-b - Math.sqrt(D)) / (2 * a);
+        var xs = M + N * rs;
+        var ys = P + Q * rs;
+
+        return (xs, ys, rs);
+    }
+ *
+ * @date 2026-07-03
+ */
+import { Circle, ICircle } from "../../Circle";
+export declare const solveApollonius3: (c1: ICircle, c2: ICircle, c3: ICircle, circle1Inside?: boolean, circle2Inside?: boolean, circle3Inside?: boolean) => Circle;

package/src/cjs/utils/algorithms/solveApollonius3.js

@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+"use strict";
+/**
+ * A solver for the Apollonian circle problem:
+ *   find the circle that touches three other circles in extactly one point (each).
+ * The solution is not necesarily unique.
+ *
+ * For each of the three circles a boolean attribute can be passed that determines if the
+ * resultint circle should touch the input circle should be touched on the inside or outside.
+ *
+ * Not that there can be condition when the circle cannot be calculated (e.g. all circles
+ * have the same size and are colinear).
+ *
+ * Found at
+ *     https://stackoverflow.com/questions/79281573/algorithm-for-finding-enclosing-circles-for-3-other-circles
+ *
+ * solveApollonius(Coord c1, Coord c2, Coord c3, int s1, int s2, int s3) {
+        // https://github.com/DIKU-Steiner/ProGAL/blob/master/src/ProGAL/geom2d/ApolloniusSolver.java
+
+        var x1 = c1.x;
+        var y1 = c1.y;
+        var r1 = c1.z;
+        var x2 = c2.x;
+        var y2 = c2.y;
+        var r2 = c2.z;
+        var x3 = c3.x;
+        var y3 = c3.y;
+        var r3 = c3.z;
+
+        // Currently optimized for fewest multiplications.
+        var v11 = 2 * x2 - 2 * x1;
+        var v12 = 2 * y2 - 2 * y1;
+        var v13 = x1 * x1 - x2 * x2 + y1 * y1 - y2 * y2 - r1 * r1 + r2 * r2;
+        var v14 = 2 * s2 * r2 - 2 * s1 * r1;
+
+        var v21 = 2 * x3 - 2 * x2;
+        var v22 = 2 * y3 - 2 * y2;
+        var v23 = x2 * x2 - x3 * x3 + y2 * y2 - y3 * y3 - r2 * r2 + r3 * r3;
+        var v24 = 2 * s3 * r3 - 2 * s2 * r2;
+
+        var w12 = v12 / v11;
+        var w13 = v13 / v11;
+        var w14 = v14 / v11;
+
+        var w22 = v22 / v21 - w12;
+        var w23 = v23 / v21 - w13;
+        var w24 = v24 / v21 - w14;
+
+        var P = -w23 / w22;
+        var Q = w24 / w22;
+        var M = -w12 * P - w13;
+        var N = w14 - w12 * Q;
+
+        var a = N * N + Q * Q - 1;
+        var b = 2 * M * N - 2 * N * x1 + 2 * P * Q - 2 * Q * y1 + 2 * s1 * r1;
+        var c = x1 * x1 + M * M - 2 * M * x1 + P * P + y1 * y1 - 2 * P * y1 - r1 * r1;
+
+        // Find a root of a quadratic equation. This requires the circle centers not
+        // to be e.g. colinear
+        var D = b * b - 4 * a * c;
+        var rs = (-b - Math.sqrt(D)) / (2 * a);
+        var xs = M + N * rs;
+        var ys = P + Q * rs;
+
+        return (xs, ys, rs);
+    }
+ *
+ * @date 2026-07-03
+ */
+Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", { value: true });
+exports.solveApollonius3 = void 0;
+var Circle_1 = require("../../Circle");
+var Vertex_1 = require("../../Vertex");
+var solveApollonius3 = function (c1, c2, c3, circle1Inside, circle2Inside, circle3Inside) {
+    // https://github.com/DIKU-Steiner/ProGAL/blob/master/src/ProGAL/geom2d/ApolloniusSolver.java
+    var x1 = c1.center.x;
+    var y1 = c1.center.y;
+    var r1 = c1.radius;
+    var x2 = c2.center.x;
+    var y2 = c2.center.y;
+    var r2 = c2.radius;
+    var x3 = c3.center.x;
+    var y3 = c3.center.y;
+    var r3 = c3.radius;
+    var s1 = Boolean(circle1Inside) ? 1 : -1;
+    var s2 = Boolean(circle2Inside) ? 1 : -1;
+    var s3 = Boolean(circle3Inside) ? 1 : -1;
+    // Currently optimized for fewest multiplications.
+    var v11 = 2 * x2 - 2 * x1;
+    var v12 = 2 * y2 - 2 * y1;
+    var v13 = x1 * x1 - x2 * x2 + y1 * y1 - y2 * y2 - r1 * r1 + r2 * r2;
+    var v14 = 2 * s2 * r2 - 2 * s1 * r1;
+    var v21 = 2 * x3 - 2 * x2;
+    var v22 = 2 * y3 - 2 * y2;
+    var v23 = x2 * x2 - x3 * x3 + y2 * y2 - y3 * y3 - r2 * r2 + r3 * r3;
+    var v24 = 2 * s3 * r3 - 2 * s2 * r2;
+    var w12 = v12 / v11;
+    var w13 = v13 / v11;
+    var w14 = v14 / v11;
+    var w22 = v22 / v21 - w12;
+    var w23 = v23 / v21 - w13;
+    var w24 = v24 / v21 - w14;
+    var P = -w23 / w22;
+    var Q = w24 / w22;
+    var M = -w12 * P - w13;
+    var N = w14 - w12 * Q;
+    var a = N * N + Q * Q - 1;
+    var b = 2 * M * N - 2 * N * x1 + 2 * P * Q - 2 * Q * y1 + 2 * s1 * r1;
+    var c = x1 * x1 + M * M - 2 * M * x1 + P * P + y1 * y1 - 2 * P * y1 - r1 * r1;
+    // Find a root of a quadratic equation. This requires the circle centers not
+    // to be e.g. colinear
+    var D = b * b - 4 * a * c;
+    var rs = (-b - Math.sqrt(D)) / (2 * a);
+    var xs = M + N * rs;
+    var ys = P + Q * rs;
+    return new Circle_1.Circle(new Vertex_1.Vertex(xs, ys), Math.abs(rs));
+};
+exports.solveApollonius3 = solveApollonius3;
+//# sourceMappingURL=solveApollonius3.js.map

package/src/cjs/utils/algorithms/solveApollonius3.js.map

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package/src/esm/Circle.d.ts

@@ -14,7 +14,16 @@
  * @modified 2022-08-23 Added the `closestPoint` function.
  * @modified 2025-04-09 Added the `Circle.move(amount: XYCoords)` method.
  * @modified 2025-04-16 Class `Circle` now implements interface `Intersectable`.
- * @version  1.5.0
+ * @modified 2026-06-10 Adding the utility function `Circle.circleUtils.containsPoint`.
+ * @modified 2026-06-10 Adding the `Circle.clone` method.
+ * @modified 2026-01-13 Adding helper function `Circle.circleUtils.containsPoint` and refactored the member method `containsPoint`.
+ * @modified 2026-07-03 Adding the optional `epsilon` parameter to the `Circle.containsCircle` method.
+ * @modified 2026-07-03 Fixing the `Circle.clone` method; the center had not been cloned at all, this was fixed.
+ * @modified 2026-07-08 Adding the `Circle.setRadius` method (for chaining).
+ * @mofified 2026-07-31 Adding the `radicalAxis(Circle)` method. Added the `Circle.circleUtils.createRadicalAxisHelperCircle` and `.circleDistance` helper methods.
+ * @modified 2026-08-03 Adding `Circle.tangentsFromPoint`.
+ * @modified 2026-08-16 Adding the `Circle.sectorAngleByArcLength` method and the `Circle.circleUtils.sectorAngleByArcLength` helper method.
+ * @version  1.8.0
  **/
 import { Bounds } from "./Bounds";
 import { Line } from "./Line";
@@ -22,6 +31,11 @@ import { Vector } from "./Vector";
 import { VertTuple } from "./VertTuple";
 import { Vertex } from "./Vertex";
 import { IBounded, Intersectable, SVGSerializable, UID, XYCoords } from "./interfaces";
+export interface ICircle {
+    center: XYCoords;
+    radius: number;
+    radius_squared?: number;
+}
 /**
  * @classdesc A simple circle: center point and radius.
  *
@@ -33,7 +47,7 @@ import { IBounded, Intersectable, SVGSerializable, UID, XYCoords } from "./inter
  * @requires UID
  * @requires UIDGenerator
  **/
-export declare class Circle implements IBounded, Intersectable, SVGSerializable {
+export declare class Circle implements IBounded, ICircle, Intersectable, SVGSerializable {
     /**
      * Required to generate proper CSS classes and other class related IDs.
      **/
@@ -75,6 +89,17 @@ export declare class Circle implements IBounded, Intersectable, SVGSerializable
      * @param {number} radius - The radius of the circle.
      */
     constructor(center: Vertex, radius: number);
+    /**
+     * Set the radius of this circle.
+     * The method is meant for chaining, you may also alter the `radius` attribute directly.
+     *
+     * @method setRadius
+     * @param {number} radius - The amount to move.
+     * @instance
+     * @memberof Circle
+     * @return {Circle} this for chaining
+     **/
+    setRadius(radius: number): Circle;
     /**
      * Move the circle by the given amount.
      *
@@ -104,7 +129,7 @@ export declare class Circle implements IBounded, Intersectable, SVGSerializable
      * @memberof Circle
      * @return {boolean} `true` if any only if the given circle is completely inside this circle.
      */
-    containsCircle(circle: Circle): boolean;
+    containsCircle(circle: Circle, epsilon?: number): boolean;
     /**
      * Calculate the distance from this circle to the given line.
      *
@@ -192,6 +217,20 @@ export declare class Circle implements IBounded, Intersectable, SVGSerializable
      * @returns
      */
     lineIntersectionTangents(line: VertTuple<any>, inVectorBoundsOnly?: boolean): Array<Vector>;
+    /**
+     * Calculate the radical axis of this and a different circle.
+     * The two circles must not be co-centric.
+     *
+     * See this article for details:
+     *    https://www.cut-the-knot.org/Curriculum/Geometry/GeoGebra/RadicalAxes.shtml
+     *
+     * @method radicalAxis
+     * @instance
+     * @memberof Circle
+     * @param {Circle} circleB - The second circle to calculated the radical axis for.
+     * @return {Line} A line defining the radical axis of the two circles.
+     **/
+    radicalAxis(circleB: Circle): Line;
     /**
      * Calculate the closest point on the outline of this circle to the given point.
      *
@@ -202,6 +241,34 @@ export declare class Circle implements IBounded, Intersectable, SVGSerializable
      * @return {Vertex} The closest point on this circle.
      **/
     closestPoint(vert: XYCoords): Vertex;
+    /**
+     * Get the two tangent vectors for the given point.
+     * If the point is on or in the circle then null is returned.
+     *
+     * @method tangentsFromPoint
+     * @instance
+     * @memberof Circle
+     * @param {Vertex} vert - The point to find the two tangents for.
+     * @return {[Vector,Vector]} The two tangent vector
+     **/
+    tangentsFromPoint(vert: Vertex): [Vector, Vector];
+    /**
+     * Calculate inner sector angle for this circle and a given circle arc length.
+     *
+     * @param {number} sectorArcLength - The desired arc length (in units).
+     * @returns The sector's inner angle (in radians).
+     */
+    sectorAngleByArcLength(sectorArcLength: number): number;
+    /**
+     * Create a deep copy of this circle.
+     *
+     * @method clone
+     * @return {Circle} A new circle, an exact copy of this one.
+     * @instance
+     * @memberof Circle
+     **/
+    clone(): Circle;
+    static fromICircle(obj: ICircle): Circle;
     /**
      * This function should invalidate any installed listeners and invalidate this object.
      * After calling this function the object might not hold valid data any more and
@@ -210,5 +277,21 @@ export declare class Circle implements IBounded, Intersectable, SVGSerializable
     destroy(): void;
     static circleUtils: {
         vertAt: (angle: number, radius: number) => Vertex;
+        containsPoint: (circleCenter: XYCoords, circleRadius: number, point: XYCoords) => boolean;
+        createRadicalAxisHelperCircle: (circleA: Circle, circleB: Circle) => Circle;
+        /**
+         * Calculate the outer distance between two circles. If the circles touch then the
+         * distance is 0.0.
+         * If the circles intersect then the distance in negative.
+         */
+        circleDistance: (circleA: Circle, circleB: Circle) => number;
+        /**
+         * Calculate the inner sector angle for a given circle arc length and radius.
+         *
+         * @param {number} sectorArcLength - The desired arc length.
+         * @param {number} circleRadius - The circle's radius.
+         * @returns The sector angle in radians.
+         */
+        sectorAngleByArcLength: (sectorArcLength: number, circleRadius: number) => number;
     };
 }

package/src/esm/Circle.js

@@ -14,13 +14,23 @@
  * @modified 2022-08-23 Added the `closestPoint` function.
  * @modified 2025-04-09 Added the `Circle.move(amount: XYCoords)` method.
  * @modified 2025-04-16 Class `Circle` now implements interface `Intersectable`.
- * @version  1.5.0
+ * @modified 2026-06-10 Adding the utility function `Circle.circleUtils.containsPoint`.
+ * @modified 2026-06-10 Adding the `Circle.clone` method.
+ * @modified 2026-01-13 Adding helper function `Circle.circleUtils.containsPoint` and refactored the member method `containsPoint`.
+ * @modified 2026-07-03 Adding the optional `epsilon` parameter to the `Circle.containsCircle` method.
+ * @modified 2026-07-03 Fixing the `Circle.clone` method; the center had not been cloned at all, this was fixed.
+ * @modified 2026-07-08 Adding the `Circle.setRadius` method (for chaining).
+ * @mofified 2026-07-31 Adding the `radicalAxis(Circle)` method. Added the `Circle.circleUtils.createRadicalAxisHelperCircle` and `.circleDistance` helper methods.
+ * @modified 2026-08-03 Adding `Circle.tangentsFromPoint`.
+ * @modified 2026-08-16 Adding the `Circle.sectorAngleByArcLength` method and the `Circle.circleUtils.sectorAngleByArcLength` helper method.
+ * @version  1.8.0
  **/
 import { Bounds } from "./Bounds";
 import { Line } from "./Line";
 import { UIDGenerator } from "./UIDGenerator";
 import { Vector } from "./Vector";
 import { Vertex } from "./Vertex";
+import { geomutils } from "./geomutils";
 /**
  * @classdesc A simple circle: center point and radius.
  *
@@ -50,6 +60,20 @@ export class Circle {
         this.center = center;
         this.radius = radius;
     }
+    /**
+     * Set the radius of this circle.
+     * The method is meant for chaining, you may also alter the `radius` attribute directly.
+     *
+     * @method setRadius
+     * @param {number} radius - The amount to move.
+     * @instance
+     * @memberof Circle
+     * @return {Circle} this for chaining
+     **/
+    setRadius(radius) {
+        this.radius = radius;
+        return this;
+    }
     /**
      * Move the circle by the given amount.
      *
@@ -73,7 +97,8 @@ export class Circle {
      * @return {boolean} `true` if the given point is inside this circle.
      */
     containsPoint(point) {
-        return this.center.distance(point) < this.radius;
+        // return this.center.distance(point) < this.radius;//
+        return Circle.circleUtils.containsPoint(this.center, this.radius, point);
     }
     /**
      * Check if the given circle is fully contained inside this circle.
@@ -84,8 +109,13 @@ export class Circle {
      * @memberof Circle
      * @return {boolean} `true` if any only if the given circle is completely inside this circle.
      */
-    containsCircle(circle) {
-        return this.center.distance(circle.center) + circle.radius < this.radius;
+    containsCircle(circle, epsilon) {
+        if (typeof epsilon === "undefined" || Number.isNaN(epsilon)) {
+            return this.center.distance(circle.center) + circle.radius < this.radius;
+        }
+        else {
+            return this.center.distance(circle.center) + circle.radius < this.radius + Math.abs(epsilon);
+        }
     }
     /**
      * Calculate the distance from this circle to the given line.
@@ -288,6 +318,40 @@ export class Circle {
         });
     }
     //--- END --- Implement interface `Intersectable`
+    /**
+     * Calculate the radical axis of this and a different circle.
+     * The two circles must not be co-centric.
+     *
+     * See this article for details:
+     *    https://www.cut-the-knot.org/Curriculum/Geometry/GeoGebra/RadicalAxes.shtml
+     *
+     * @method radicalAxis
+     * @instance
+     * @memberof Circle
+     * @param {Circle} circleB - The second circle to calculated the radical axis for.
+     * @return {Line} A line defining the radical axis of the two circles.
+     **/
+    radicalAxis(circleB) {
+        var helperCircle = Circle.circleUtils.createRadicalAxisHelperCircle(this, circleB);
+        var intersectionLineA = this.circleIntersection(helperCircle);
+        var intersectionLineB = circleB.circleIntersection(helperCircle);
+        var intersection = this.circleIntersection(circleB);
+        if (!intersectionLineA || !intersectionLineB) {
+            console.error("Critical error: none of the two intersections must be null.");
+            return intersection; // Fallback
+        }
+        var lineA = new Line(intersectionLineA.a, intersectionLineA.b);
+        var lineB = new Line(intersectionLineB.a, intersectionLineB.b);
+        var firstRadicalAxisPoint = lineA.intersection(lineB);
+        var centerConnectLine = new Line(this.center, circleB.center);
+        var secondRadicalAxisPoint = centerConnectLine.getClosestPoint(firstRadicalAxisPoint);
+        // Create a mirrored version of the second radical axis point so both are located
+        // symmetrical from the circle connect point.
+        // (currently the second point is located ON the connect line)
+        var secondRadicalAxisPoint_mirrored = secondRadicalAxisPoint.clone().scale(2.0, firstRadicalAxisPoint);
+        var radicalAxis = new Line(firstRadicalAxisPoint, secondRadicalAxisPoint_mirrored);
+        return intersection && intersection.length() > radicalAxis.length() ? intersection : radicalAxis;
+    }
     /**
      * Calculate the closest point on the outline of this circle to the given point.
      *
@@ -311,6 +375,80 @@ export class Circle {
             return lineIntersection.b;
         }
     }
+    /**
+     * Get the two tangent vectors for the given point.
+     * If the point is on or in the circle then null is returned.
+     *
+     * @method tangentsFromPoint
+     * @instance
+     * @memberof Circle
+     * @param {Vertex} vert - The point to find the two tangents for.
+     * @return {[Vector,Vector]} The two tangent vector
+     **/
+    tangentsFromPoint(vert) {
+        // Inspired by
+        //   https://www.omnicalculator.com/math/tangent-circle
+        const centerDistance = this.center.distance(vert);
+        const tangentLength = Math.sqrt(centerDistance * centerDistance - this.radius * this.radius);
+        // console.log("this.radius ", this.radius, "centerDistance", centerDistance, "tangentLength", tangentLength);
+        if (Number.isNaN(tangentLength)) {
+            // vertex is inside circle
+            console.log("tangentLength is NaN", tangentLength);
+            return null;
+        }
+        const helperCircle = new Circle(vert, tangentLength);
+        const intersection = this.circleIntersection(helperCircle);
+        if (!intersection) {
+            // No intersection (vertex is inside circle)
+            return null;
+        }
+        return [new Vector(intersection.a, vert), new Vector(intersection.b, vert)];
+    }
+    /**
+     * Calculate inner sector angle for this circle and a given circle arc length.
+     *
+     * @param {number} sectorArcLength - The desired arc length (in units).
+     * @returns The sector's inner angle (in radians).
+     */
+    sectorAngleByArcLength(sectorArcLength) {
+        return Circle.circleUtils.sectorAngleByArcLength(sectorArcLength, this.radius);
+    }
+    /**
+     * Create a deep copy of this circle.
+     *
+     * @method clone
+     * @return {Circle} A new circle, an exact copy of this one.
+     * @instance
+     * @memberof Circle
+     **/
+    clone() {
+        return new Circle(this.center.clone(), this.radius);
+    }
+    static fromICircle(obj) {
+        return new Circle(new Vertex(obj.center), obj.radius);
+    }
+    // static fromObject(obj: object): Circle {
+    //   if (!obj) {
+    //     return null;
+    //   }
+    //   if (typeof obj !== "object") {
+    //     return null;
+    //   }
+    //   if (!obj.hasOwnProperty("center") || typeof (obj as any).center != "object") {
+    //     return null;
+    //   }
+    //   if (!obj.hasOwnProperty("radius") || typeof !(obj as any).radius != "number") {
+    //     return null;
+    //   }
+    //   var center = (obj as any).center;
+    //   if (!center.hasOwnProperty("x") || typeof (center as any).x != "number") {
+    //     return null;
+    //   }
+    //   if (!center.hasOwnProperty("y") || typeof (center as any).y != "number") {
+    //     return null;
+    //   }
+    //   return new Circle(new Vertex(center), (obj as any).radius);
+    // }
     /**
      * This function should invalidate any installed listeners and invalidate this object.
      * After calling this function the object might not hold valid data any more and
@@ -326,6 +464,43 @@ Circle.circleUtils = {
         /* return new Vertex( Math.sin(angle) * radius,
                      Math.cos(angle) * radius ); */
         return new Vertex(Math.cos(angle) * radius, Math.sin(angle) * radius);
+    },
+    containsPoint: (circleCenter, circleRadius, point) => {
+        // TODO: cleanup
+        // return (
+        //   (circle.center.x - point.x) * (circle.center.x - point.x) + (circle.center.y - point.y) * (circle.center.y - point.y) <=
+        //   circle.radius * circle.radius
+        // );
+        return geomutils.dist4(point.x, point.y, circleCenter.x, circleCenter.y) < circleRadius;
+    },
+    createRadicalAxisHelperCircle: (circleA, circleB) => {
+        // We need to create a helper circle that intersects BOTH other circles,
+        // each in TWO points.
+        var circleConnectLine = new Vector(circleA.center.clone(), circleB.center);
+        circleConnectLine.a.set(circleConnectLine.vertAt(0.5));
+        // Get the perpendicular by half the circle distance.
+        var bisector = circleConnectLine.perp();
+        var bisectorLength = Math.max(circleA.radius, circleB.radius, bisector.length());
+        bisector.setLength(bisectorLength);
+        return new Circle(bisector.b, bisector.b.distance(circleA.center));
+    },
+    /**
+     * Calculate the outer distance between two circles. If the circles touch then the
+     * distance is 0.0.
+     * If the circles intersect then the distance in negative.
+     */
+    circleDistance: (circleA, circleB) => {
+        return circleA.center.distance(circleB.center) - circleA.radius - circleB.radius;
+    },
+    /**
+     * Calculate the inner sector angle for a given circle arc length and radius.
+     *
+     * @param {number} sectorArcLength - The desired arc length.
+     * @param {number} circleRadius - The circle's radius.
+     * @returns The sector angle in radians.
+     */
+    sectorAngleByArcLength: (sectorArcLength, circleRadius) => {
+        return sectorArcLength / circleRadius;
     }
 };
 //# sourceMappingURL=Circle.js.map