packwise-skills 1.0.0 → 1.2.0

package/sub-skills/web/serverless-edge.md

@@ -1,295 +1,295 @@
-# Serverless & Edge Build Sub-Skill
-
-Build and package applications for serverless platforms and edge runtimes.
-
-**Current versions**: AWS Lambda / Cloudflare Workers / Vercel Functions / Deno Deploy (2025-2026)
-
-## When to Use
-
-- Pay-per-request pricing model
-- Auto-scaling without infrastructure management
-- API backends with variable traffic
-- Edge computing (low latency globally)
-- Cron jobs / scheduled tasks
-- Webhook handlers
-
-## Platform Comparison
-
-| Platform | Language Support | Cold Start | Max Duration | Best For |
-|----------|-----------------|-----------|-------------|---------|
-| AWS Lambda | Node/Python/Go/Rust/Java/.NET | 100–500ms | 15 min | Enterprise, complex workflows |
-| Cloudflare Workers | JS/TS/WASM | < 1ms | 30s (CPU) / unlimited (I/O) | Edge compute, APIs |
-| Vercel Functions | Node/Python/Go/Ruby | 100–300ms | 60s (free) / 900s (pro) | Next.js apps, frontend APIs |
-| Deno Deploy | JS/TS | < 10ms | 50ms–60s | Lightweight APIs, edge |
-| Netlify Functions | Node/Go | 100–500ms | 10s (free) / 26s (pro) | JAMstack apps |
-| Azure Functions | Node/Python/C#/Java/PowerShell | 100–500ms | 10 min (consumption) | .NET ecosystem |
-| Google Cloud Functions | Node/Python/Go/Java/.NET/Ruby | 100–500ms | 60 min (gen2) | GCP ecosystem |
-
----
-
-## AWS Lambda
-
-### Node.js Function
-
-```javascript
-// handler.js (Lambda Function URL or API Gateway)
-exports.handler = async (event) => {
-  const name = event.queryStringParameters?.name || 'World';
-  return {
-    statusCode: 200,
-    headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
-    body: JSON.stringify({ message: `Hello, ${name}!` }),
-  };
-};
-```
-
-```bash
-# Package
-zip -r function.zip handler.js node_modules/
-
-# Deploy with AWS CLI
-aws lambda create-function \
-  --function-name my-function \
-  --runtime nodejs22.x \
-  --handler handler.handler \
-  --zip-file fileb://function.zip \
-  --role arn:aws:iam::ACCOUNT:role/lambda-role
-
-# Or with SAM (Serverless Application Model)
-sam build && sam deploy --guided
-```
-
-### Python Function
-
-```python
-# lambda_function.py
-import json
-
-def handler(event, context):
-    name = event.get('queryStringParameters', {}).get('name', 'World')
-    return {
-        'statusCode': 200,
-        'headers': {'Content-Type': 'application/json'},
-        'body': json.dumps({'message': f'Hello, {name}!'})
-    }
-```
-
-### Go Function
-
-```go
-package main
-
-import (
-    "context"
-    "github.com/aws/aws-lambda-go/events"
-    "github.com/aws/aws-lambda-go/lambda"
-)
-
-func handler(ctx context.Context, request events.APIGatewayProxyRequest) (events.APIGatewayProxyResponse, error) {
-    name := request.QueryStringParameters["name"]
-    if name == "" { name = "World" }
-    return events.APIGatewayProxyResponse{
-        StatusCode: 200,
-        Headers:    map[string]string{"Content-Type": "application/json"},
-        Body:       fmt.Sprintf(`{"message":"Hello, %s!"}`, name),
-    }, nil
-}
-
-func main() { lambda.Start(handler) }
-```
-
-```bash
-# Build and deploy
-GOOS=linux GOARCH=amd64 go build -o bootstrap main.go
-zip function.zip bootstrap
-aws lambda create-function --function-name my-go-func --runtime provided.al2023 --handler bootstrap --zip-file fileb://function.zip
-```
-
-### Rust Function (Custom Runtime)
-
-```toml
-# Cargo.toml
-[dependencies]
-lambda_runtime = "0.13"
-tokio = { version = "1", features = ["macros"] }
-serde = { version = "1", features = ["derive"] }
-```
-
-```rust
-use lambda_runtime::{service_fn, LambdaEvent, Error};
-use serde_json::{json, Value};
-
-async fn handler(event: LambdaEvent<Value>) -> Result<Value, Error> {
-    let name = event.payload.get("name").and_then(|v| v.as_str()).unwrap_or("World");
-    Ok(json!({ "statusCode": 200, "body": format!("Hello, {}!", name) }))
-}
-
-#[tokio::main]
-async fn main() -> Result<(), Error> {
-    lambda_runtime::run(service_fn(handler)).await
-}
-```
-
----
-
-## Cloudflare Workers
-
-```bash
-# Create project
-npm create cloudflare@latest my-worker
-cd my-worker
-```
-
-```javascript
-// src/index.js
-export default {
-  async fetch(request, env, ctx) {
-    const url = new URL(request.url);
-    if (url.pathname === '/health') {
-      return new Response('OK', { status: 200 });
-    }
-    return new Response('Hello from the Edge!', { status: 200 });
-  },
-  // Scheduled handler (cron)
-  async scheduled(event, env, ctx) {
-    // Runs on cron schedule defined in wrangler.toml
-  },
-};
-```
-
-```toml
-# wrangler.toml
-name = "my-worker"
-main = "src/index.js"
-compatibility_date = "2025-01-01"
-
-[triggers]
-crons = ["*/5 * * * *"]  # Every 5 minutes
-
-# KV Storage
-[[kv_namespaces]]
-binding = "CACHE"
-id = "your-kv-namespace-id"
-
-# D1 Database
-[[d1_databases]]
-binding = "DB"
-database_name = "my-db"
-database_id = "your-d1-database-id"
-
-# R2 Storage (S3-compatible)
-[[r2_buckets]]
-binding = "STORAGE"
-bucket_name = "my-bucket"
-```
-
-```bash
-# Deploy
-npx wrangler deploy
-
-# Test locally
-npx wrangler dev
-```
-
----
-
-## Vercel Functions
-
-```javascript
-// app/api/hello/route.js (Next.js App Router)
-export async function GET(request) {
-  return Response.json({ message: 'Hello from Vercel!' });
-}
-
-export async function POST(request) {
-  const body = await request.json();
-  return Response.json({ received: body });
-}
-```
-
-```bash
-# Deploy
-vercel deploy
-
-# Or: git push to connected repository (auto-deploy)
-```
-
----
-
-## Deno Deploy
-
-```typescript
-// main.ts
-Deno.serve((req: Request) => {
-  const url = new URL(req.url);
-  if (url.pathname === "/health") {
-    return new Response("OK");
-  }
-  return new Response("Hello from Deno Deploy!");
-});
-```
-
-```bash
-# Deploy
-deployctl deploy --project=my-project main.ts
-```
-
----
-
-## Serverless Framework (Multi-Cloud)
-
-```yaml
-# serverless.yml
-service: my-service
-frameworkVersion: '3'
-
-provider:
-  name: aws
-  runtime: nodejs22.x
-  region: us-east-1
-
-functions:
-  api:
-    handler: handler.handler
-    events:
-      - httpApi:
-          path: /{proxy+}
-          method: '*'
-      - schedule:
-          rate: rate(1 hour)
-```
-
-```bash
-npm install -g serverless
-serverless deploy
-serverless info  # Get endpoint URLs
-serverless logs -f api  # View logs
-```
-
----
-
-## Selection Guide
-
-| Scenario | Recommended Platform | Why |
-|----------|---------------------|-----|
-| Next.js app | Vercel | First-class Next.js support |
-| Global API with low latency | Cloudflare Workers | Edge-first, < 1ms cold start |
-| Enterprise backend | AWS Lambda + API Gateway | Full AWS ecosystem |
-| .NET backend | Azure Functions | Native .NET support |
-| Cron jobs / scheduled tasks | Any (all support cron) | Pick based on existing infra |
-| AI inference at edge | Cloudflare Workers AI | GPU at the edge |
-| Simple webhook handler | Vercel/Netlify Functions | Easiest setup |
-| High-memory workloads | AWS Lambda (10GB) | Highest memory allocation |
-
-## Common Pitfalls
-
-| Issue | Fix |
-|-------|-----|
-| Cold start too slow | Use provisioned concurrency (AWS); keep functions small |
-| Function timeout | Break into smaller functions; use async queues (SQS/Queues) |
-| Package too large | Use tree-shaking; exclude dev deps; use Lambda layers |
-| Environment variables not available | Set in platform dashboard; use secrets manager |
-| Database connection exhaustion | Use connection pooling (RDS Proxy, Neon, PlanetScale) |
-| CORS errors | Add CORS headers in function response |
-| Webhook replay attacks | Verify webhook signatures (Stripe, GitHub) |
-| Edge runtime limitations | No filesystem access; limited Node.js APIs; no native modules |
+# Serverless & Edge Build Sub-Skill
+
+Build and package applications for serverless platforms and edge runtimes.
+
+**Current versions**: AWS Lambda / Cloudflare Workers / Vercel Functions / Deno Deploy (2025-2026)
+
+## When to Use
+
+- Pay-per-request pricing model
+- Auto-scaling without infrastructure management
+- API backends with variable traffic
+- Edge computing (low latency globally)
+- Cron jobs / scheduled tasks
+- Webhook handlers
+
+## Platform Comparison
+
+| Platform | Language Support | Cold Start | Max Duration | Best For |
+|----------|-----------------|-----------|-------------|---------|
+| AWS Lambda | Node/Python/Go/Rust/Java/.NET | 100–500ms | 15 min | Enterprise, complex workflows |
+| Cloudflare Workers | JS/TS/WASM | < 1ms | 30s (CPU) / unlimited (I/O) | Edge compute, APIs |
+| Vercel Functions | Node/Python/Go/Ruby | 100–300ms | 60s (free) / 900s (pro) | Next.js apps, frontend APIs |
+| Deno Deploy | JS/TS | < 10ms | 50ms–60s | Lightweight APIs, edge |
+| Netlify Functions | Node/Go | 100–500ms | 10s (free) / 26s (pro) | JAMstack apps |
+| Azure Functions | Node/Python/C#/Java/PowerShell | 100–500ms | 10 min (consumption) | .NET ecosystem |
+| Google Cloud Functions | Node/Python/Go/Java/.NET/Ruby | 100–500ms | 60 min (gen2) | GCP ecosystem |
+
+---
+
+## AWS Lambda
+
+### Node.js Function
+
+```javascript
+// handler.js (Lambda Function URL or API Gateway)
+exports.handler = async (event) => {
+  const name = event.queryStringParameters?.name || 'World';
+  return {
+    statusCode: 200,
+    headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
+    body: JSON.stringify({ message: `Hello, ${name}!` }),
+  };
+};
+```
+
+```bash
+# Package
+zip -r function.zip handler.js node_modules/
+
+# Deploy with AWS CLI
+aws lambda create-function \
+  --function-name my-function \
+  --runtime nodejs22.x \
+  --handler handler.handler \
+  --zip-file fileb://function.zip \
+  --role arn:aws:iam::ACCOUNT:role/lambda-role
+
+# Or with SAM (Serverless Application Model)
+sam build && sam deploy --guided
+```
+
+### Python Function
+
+```python
+# lambda_function.py
+import json
+
+def handler(event, context):
+    name = event.get('queryStringParameters', {}).get('name', 'World')
+    return {
+        'statusCode': 200,
+        'headers': {'Content-Type': 'application/json'},
+        'body': json.dumps({'message': f'Hello, {name}!'})
+    }
+```
+
+### Go Function
+
+```go
+package main
+
+import (
+    "context"
+    "github.com/aws/aws-lambda-go/events"
+    "github.com/aws/aws-lambda-go/lambda"
+)
+
+func handler(ctx context.Context, request events.APIGatewayProxyRequest) (events.APIGatewayProxyResponse, error) {
+    name := request.QueryStringParameters["name"]
+    if name == "" { name = "World" }
+    return events.APIGatewayProxyResponse{
+        StatusCode: 200,
+        Headers:    map[string]string{"Content-Type": "application/json"},
+        Body:       fmt.Sprintf(`{"message":"Hello, %s!"}`, name),
+    }, nil
+}
+
+func main() { lambda.Start(handler) }
+```
+
+```bash
+# Build and deploy
+GOOS=linux GOARCH=amd64 go build -o bootstrap main.go
+zip function.zip bootstrap
+aws lambda create-function --function-name my-go-func --runtime provided.al2023 --handler bootstrap --zip-file fileb://function.zip
+```
+
+### Rust Function (Custom Runtime)
+
+```toml
+# Cargo.toml
+[dependencies]
+lambda_runtime = "0.13"
+tokio = { version = "1", features = ["macros"] }
+serde = { version = "1", features = ["derive"] }
+```
+
+```rust
+use lambda_runtime::{service_fn, LambdaEvent, Error};
+use serde_json::{json, Value};
+
+async fn handler(event: LambdaEvent<Value>) -> Result<Value, Error> {
+    let name = event.payload.get("name").and_then(|v| v.as_str()).unwrap_or("World");
+    Ok(json!({ "statusCode": 200, "body": format!("Hello, {}!", name) }))
+}
+
+#[tokio::main]
+async fn main() -> Result<(), Error> {
+    lambda_runtime::run(service_fn(handler)).await
+}
+```
+
+---
+
+## Cloudflare Workers
+
+```bash
+# Create project
+npm create cloudflare@latest my-worker
+cd my-worker
+```
+
+```javascript
+// src/index.js
+export default {
+  async fetch(request, env, ctx) {
+    const url = new URL(request.url);
+    if (url.pathname === '/health') {
+      return new Response('OK', { status: 200 });
+    }
+    return new Response('Hello from the Edge!', { status: 200 });
+  },
+  // Scheduled handler (cron)
+  async scheduled(event, env, ctx) {
+    // Runs on cron schedule defined in wrangler.toml
+  },
+};
+```
+
+```toml
+# wrangler.toml
+name = "my-worker"
+main = "src/index.js"
+compatibility_date = "2025-01-01"
+
+[triggers]
+crons = ["*/5 * * * *"]  # Every 5 minutes
+
+# KV Storage
+[[kv_namespaces]]
+binding = "CACHE"
+id = "your-kv-namespace-id"
+
+# D1 Database
+[[d1_databases]]
+binding = "DB"
+database_name = "my-db"
+database_id = "your-d1-database-id"
+
+# R2 Storage (S3-compatible)
+[[r2_buckets]]
+binding = "STORAGE"
+bucket_name = "my-bucket"
+```
+
+```bash
+# Deploy
+npx wrangler deploy
+
+# Test locally
+npx wrangler dev
+```
+
+---
+
+## Vercel Functions
+
+```javascript
+// app/api/hello/route.js (Next.js App Router)
+export async function GET(request) {
+  return Response.json({ message: 'Hello from Vercel!' });
+}
+
+export async function POST(request) {
+  const body = await request.json();
+  return Response.json({ received: body });
+}
+```
+
+```bash
+# Deploy
+vercel deploy
+
+# Or: git push to connected repository (auto-deploy)
+```
+
+---
+
+## Deno Deploy
+
+```typescript
+// main.ts
+Deno.serve((req: Request) => {
+  const url = new URL(req.url);
+  if (url.pathname === "/health") {
+    return new Response("OK");
+  }
+  return new Response("Hello from Deno Deploy!");
+});
+```
+
+```bash
+# Deploy
+deployctl deploy --project=my-project main.ts
+```
+
+---
+
+## Serverless Framework (Multi-Cloud)
+
+```yaml
+# serverless.yml
+service: my-service
+frameworkVersion: '3'
+
+provider:
+  name: aws
+  runtime: nodejs22.x
+  region: us-east-1
+
+functions:
+  api:
+    handler: handler.handler
+    events:
+      - httpApi:
+          path: /{proxy+}
+          method: '*'
+      - schedule:
+          rate: rate(1 hour)
+```
+
+```bash
+npm install -g serverless
+serverless deploy
+serverless info  # Get endpoint URLs
+serverless logs -f api  # View logs
+```
+
+---
+
+## Selection Guide
+
+| Scenario | Recommended Platform | Why |
+|----------|---------------------|-----|
+| Next.js app | Vercel | First-class Next.js support |
+| Global API with low latency | Cloudflare Workers | Edge-first, < 1ms cold start |
+| Enterprise backend | AWS Lambda + API Gateway | Full AWS ecosystem |
+| .NET backend | Azure Functions | Native .NET support |
+| Cron jobs / scheduled tasks | Any (all support cron) | Pick based on existing infra |
+| AI inference at edge | Cloudflare Workers AI | GPU at the edge |
+| Simple webhook handler | Vercel/Netlify Functions | Easiest setup |
+| High-memory workloads | AWS Lambda (10GB) | Highest memory allocation |
+
+## Common Pitfalls
+
+| Issue | Fix |
+|-------|-----|
+| Cold start too slow | Use provisioned concurrency (AWS); keep functions small |
+| Function timeout | Break into smaller functions; use async queues (SQS/Queues) |
+| Package too large | Use tree-shaking; exclude dev deps; use Lambda layers |
+| Environment variables not available | Set in platform dashboard; use secrets manager |
+| Database connection exhaustion | Use connection pooling (RDS Proxy, Neon, PlanetScale) |
+| CORS errors | Add CORS headers in function response |
+| Webhook replay attacks | Verify webhook signatures (Stripe, GitHub) |
+| Edge runtime limitations | No filesystem access; limited Node.js APIs; no native modules |