mdbxmou 0.1.26

This diff represents the content of publicly available package versions that have been released to one of the supported registries. The information contained in this diff is provided for informational purposes only and reflects changes between package versions as they appear in their respective public registries.
Files changed (220) hide show
  1. package/.github/workflows/ci.yml +32 -0
  2. package/.github/workflows/publish.yml +27 -0
  3. package/.gitmodules +3 -0
  4. package/CMakeLists.txt +53 -0
  5. package/LICENSE +201 -0
  6. package/README.md +639 -0
  7. package/build.js +11 -0
  8. package/deps/libmdbx/.clang-format +3 -0
  9. package/deps/libmdbx/.cmake-format.yaml +3 -0
  10. package/deps/libmdbx/.le.ini +40 -0
  11. package/deps/libmdbx/CMakeLists.txt +1269 -0
  12. package/deps/libmdbx/COPYRIGHT +159 -0
  13. package/deps/libmdbx/ChangeLog.md +2786 -0
  14. package/deps/libmdbx/GNUmakefile +950 -0
  15. package/deps/libmdbx/LICENSE +177 -0
  16. package/deps/libmdbx/Makefile +16 -0
  17. package/deps/libmdbx/NOTICE +39 -0
  18. package/deps/libmdbx/README.md +863 -0
  19. package/deps/libmdbx/TODO.md +43 -0
  20. package/deps/libmdbx/cmake/compiler.cmake +1221 -0
  21. package/deps/libmdbx/cmake/profile.cmake +58 -0
  22. package/deps/libmdbx/cmake/utils.cmake +524 -0
  23. package/deps/libmdbx/conanfile.py +323 -0
  24. package/deps/libmdbx/docs/Doxyfile.in +2734 -0
  25. package/deps/libmdbx/docs/_preface.md +47 -0
  26. package/deps/libmdbx/docs/_restrictions.md +248 -0
  27. package/deps/libmdbx/docs/_starting.md +245 -0
  28. package/deps/libmdbx/docs/_toc.md +34 -0
  29. package/deps/libmdbx/docs/header.html +96 -0
  30. package/deps/libmdbx/example/CMakeLists.txt +6 -0
  31. package/deps/libmdbx/example/README.md +1 -0
  32. package/deps/libmdbx/example/example-mdbx.c +154 -0
  33. package/deps/libmdbx/example/sample-bdb.txt +77 -0
  34. package/deps/libmdbx/mdbx.h +6655 -0
  35. package/deps/libmdbx/mdbx.h++ +6428 -0
  36. package/deps/libmdbx/packages/buildroot/0001-package-libmdbx-new-package-library-database.patch +173 -0
  37. package/deps/libmdbx/src/alloy.c +54 -0
  38. package/deps/libmdbx/src/api-cold.c +543 -0
  39. package/deps/libmdbx/src/api-copy.c +912 -0
  40. package/deps/libmdbx/src/api-cursor.c +754 -0
  41. package/deps/libmdbx/src/api-dbi.c +315 -0
  42. package/deps/libmdbx/src/api-env.c +1434 -0
  43. package/deps/libmdbx/src/api-extra.c +165 -0
  44. package/deps/libmdbx/src/api-key-transform.c +197 -0
  45. package/deps/libmdbx/src/api-misc.c +286 -0
  46. package/deps/libmdbx/src/api-opts.c +575 -0
  47. package/deps/libmdbx/src/api-range-estimate.c +365 -0
  48. package/deps/libmdbx/src/api-txn-data.c +454 -0
  49. package/deps/libmdbx/src/api-txn.c +921 -0
  50. package/deps/libmdbx/src/atomics-ops.h +364 -0
  51. package/deps/libmdbx/src/atomics-types.h +97 -0
  52. package/deps/libmdbx/src/audit.c +109 -0
  53. package/deps/libmdbx/src/bits.md +34 -0
  54. package/deps/libmdbx/src/chk.c +1796 -0
  55. package/deps/libmdbx/src/cogs.c +309 -0
  56. package/deps/libmdbx/src/cogs.h +506 -0
  57. package/deps/libmdbx/src/coherency.c +170 -0
  58. package/deps/libmdbx/src/config.h.in +88 -0
  59. package/deps/libmdbx/src/cursor.c +2396 -0
  60. package/deps/libmdbx/src/cursor.h +391 -0
  61. package/deps/libmdbx/src/dbi.c +717 -0
  62. package/deps/libmdbx/src/dbi.h +142 -0
  63. package/deps/libmdbx/src/debug_begin.h +36 -0
  64. package/deps/libmdbx/src/debug_end.h +15 -0
  65. package/deps/libmdbx/src/dpl.c +486 -0
  66. package/deps/libmdbx/src/dpl.h +134 -0
  67. package/deps/libmdbx/src/dxb.c +1335 -0
  68. package/deps/libmdbx/src/env.c +607 -0
  69. package/deps/libmdbx/src/essentials.h +125 -0
  70. package/deps/libmdbx/src/gc-get.c +1345 -0
  71. package/deps/libmdbx/src/gc-put.c +970 -0
  72. package/deps/libmdbx/src/gc.h +40 -0
  73. package/deps/libmdbx/src/global.c +474 -0
  74. package/deps/libmdbx/src/internals.h +585 -0
  75. package/deps/libmdbx/src/layout-dxb.h +288 -0
  76. package/deps/libmdbx/src/layout-lck.h +289 -0
  77. package/deps/libmdbx/src/lck-posix.c +859 -0
  78. package/deps/libmdbx/src/lck-windows.c +607 -0
  79. package/deps/libmdbx/src/lck.c +174 -0
  80. package/deps/libmdbx/src/lck.h +110 -0
  81. package/deps/libmdbx/src/logging_and_debug.c +250 -0
  82. package/deps/libmdbx/src/logging_and_debug.h +159 -0
  83. package/deps/libmdbx/src/man1/mdbx_chk.1 +106 -0
  84. package/deps/libmdbx/src/man1/mdbx_copy.1 +95 -0
  85. package/deps/libmdbx/src/man1/mdbx_drop.1 +48 -0
  86. package/deps/libmdbx/src/man1/mdbx_dump.1 +101 -0
  87. package/deps/libmdbx/src/man1/mdbx_load.1 +105 -0
  88. package/deps/libmdbx/src/man1/mdbx_stat.1 +86 -0
  89. package/deps/libmdbx/src/mdbx.c++ +1837 -0
  90. package/deps/libmdbx/src/meta.c +656 -0
  91. package/deps/libmdbx/src/meta.h +168 -0
  92. package/deps/libmdbx/src/mvcc-readers.c +414 -0
  93. package/deps/libmdbx/src/node.c +365 -0
  94. package/deps/libmdbx/src/node.h +102 -0
  95. package/deps/libmdbx/src/ntdll.def +1246 -0
  96. package/deps/libmdbx/src/options.h +534 -0
  97. package/deps/libmdbx/src/osal.c +3485 -0
  98. package/deps/libmdbx/src/osal.h +587 -0
  99. package/deps/libmdbx/src/page-get.c +483 -0
  100. package/deps/libmdbx/src/page-iov.c +185 -0
  101. package/deps/libmdbx/src/page-iov.h +34 -0
  102. package/deps/libmdbx/src/page-ops.c +744 -0
  103. package/deps/libmdbx/src/page-ops.h +142 -0
  104. package/deps/libmdbx/src/pnl.c +236 -0
  105. package/deps/libmdbx/src/pnl.h +146 -0
  106. package/deps/libmdbx/src/preface.h +990 -0
  107. package/deps/libmdbx/src/proto.h +105 -0
  108. package/deps/libmdbx/src/refund.c +212 -0
  109. package/deps/libmdbx/src/sort.h +484 -0
  110. package/deps/libmdbx/src/spill.c +431 -0
  111. package/deps/libmdbx/src/spill.h +74 -0
  112. package/deps/libmdbx/src/table.c +107 -0
  113. package/deps/libmdbx/src/tls.c +551 -0
  114. package/deps/libmdbx/src/tls.h +43 -0
  115. package/deps/libmdbx/src/tools/chk.c +673 -0
  116. package/deps/libmdbx/src/tools/copy.c +166 -0
  117. package/deps/libmdbx/src/tools/drop.c +199 -0
  118. package/deps/libmdbx/src/tools/dump.c +515 -0
  119. package/deps/libmdbx/src/tools/load.c +831 -0
  120. package/deps/libmdbx/src/tools/stat.c +516 -0
  121. package/deps/libmdbx/src/tools/wingetopt.c +87 -0
  122. package/deps/libmdbx/src/tools/wingetopt.h +30 -0
  123. package/deps/libmdbx/src/tree-ops.c +1554 -0
  124. package/deps/libmdbx/src/tree-search.c +140 -0
  125. package/deps/libmdbx/src/txl.c +99 -0
  126. package/deps/libmdbx/src/txl.h +26 -0
  127. package/deps/libmdbx/src/txn.c +1083 -0
  128. package/deps/libmdbx/src/unaligned.h +205 -0
  129. package/deps/libmdbx/src/utils.c +32 -0
  130. package/deps/libmdbx/src/utils.h +76 -0
  131. package/deps/libmdbx/src/version.c.in +44 -0
  132. package/deps/libmdbx/src/walk.c +290 -0
  133. package/deps/libmdbx/src/walk.h +20 -0
  134. package/deps/libmdbx/src/windows-import.c +152 -0
  135. package/deps/libmdbx/src/windows-import.h +128 -0
  136. package/deps/libmdbx/test/CMakeLists.txt +317 -0
  137. package/deps/libmdbx/test/append.c++ +237 -0
  138. package/deps/libmdbx/test/base.h++ +92 -0
  139. package/deps/libmdbx/test/battery-tmux.sh +64 -0
  140. package/deps/libmdbx/test/cases.c++ +118 -0
  141. package/deps/libmdbx/test/chrono.c++ +134 -0
  142. package/deps/libmdbx/test/chrono.h++ +85 -0
  143. package/deps/libmdbx/test/config.c++ +643 -0
  144. package/deps/libmdbx/test/config.h++ +334 -0
  145. package/deps/libmdbx/test/copy.c++ +62 -0
  146. package/deps/libmdbx/test/dead.c++ +39 -0
  147. package/deps/libmdbx/test/dump-load.sh +40 -0
  148. package/deps/libmdbx/test/extra/crunched_delete.c++ +409 -0
  149. package/deps/libmdbx/test/extra/cursor_closing.c++ +410 -0
  150. package/deps/libmdbx/test/extra/dbi.c++ +229 -0
  151. package/deps/libmdbx/test/extra/doubtless_positioning.c++ +253 -0
  152. package/deps/libmdbx/test/extra/dupfix_addodd.c +94 -0
  153. package/deps/libmdbx/test/extra/dupfix_multiple.c++ +311 -0
  154. package/deps/libmdbx/test/extra/early_close_dbi.c++ +137 -0
  155. package/deps/libmdbx/test/extra/hex_base64_base58.c++ +118 -0
  156. package/deps/libmdbx/test/extra/maindb_ordinal.c++ +61 -0
  157. package/deps/libmdbx/test/extra/open.c++ +96 -0
  158. package/deps/libmdbx/test/extra/pcrf/README.md +2 -0
  159. package/deps/libmdbx/test/extra/pcrf/pcrf_test.c +380 -0
  160. package/deps/libmdbx/test/extra/probe.c++ +10 -0
  161. package/deps/libmdbx/test/extra/txn.c++ +407 -0
  162. package/deps/libmdbx/test/extra/upsert_alldups.c +193 -0
  163. package/deps/libmdbx/test/fork.c++ +263 -0
  164. package/deps/libmdbx/test/hill.c++ +447 -0
  165. package/deps/libmdbx/test/jitter.c++ +197 -0
  166. package/deps/libmdbx/test/keygen.c++ +393 -0
  167. package/deps/libmdbx/test/keygen.h++ +130 -0
  168. package/deps/libmdbx/test/log.c++ +358 -0
  169. package/deps/libmdbx/test/log.h++ +91 -0
  170. package/deps/libmdbx/test/main.c++ +706 -0
  171. package/deps/libmdbx/test/nested.c++ +318 -0
  172. package/deps/libmdbx/test/osal-unix.c++ +647 -0
  173. package/deps/libmdbx/test/osal-windows.c++ +440 -0
  174. package/deps/libmdbx/test/osal.h++ +41 -0
  175. package/deps/libmdbx/test/stochastic.sh +690 -0
  176. package/deps/libmdbx/test/stub/LICENSE +24 -0
  177. package/deps/libmdbx/test/stub/README.md +8 -0
  178. package/deps/libmdbx/test/stub/pthread_barrier.c +104 -0
  179. package/deps/libmdbx/test/stub/pthread_barrier.h +77 -0
  180. package/deps/libmdbx/test/test.c++ +1551 -0
  181. package/deps/libmdbx/test/test.h++ +298 -0
  182. package/deps/libmdbx/test/tmux.conf +3 -0
  183. package/deps/libmdbx/test/try.c++ +30 -0
  184. package/deps/libmdbx/test/ttl.c++ +240 -0
  185. package/deps/libmdbx/test/utils.c++ +203 -0
  186. package/deps/libmdbx/test/utils.h++ +326 -0
  187. package/deps/libmdbx/test/valgrind_suppress.txt +536 -0
  188. package/lib/mdbx_evn_async.js +211 -0
  189. package/lib/mdbx_worker.js +195 -0
  190. package/lib/nativemou.js +6 -0
  191. package/package.json +38 -0
  192. package/src/async/envmou_close.cpp +34 -0
  193. package/src/async/envmou_close.hpp +32 -0
  194. package/src/async/envmou_copy_to.cpp +29 -0
  195. package/src/async/envmou_copy_to.hpp +38 -0
  196. package/src/async/envmou_keys.cpp +201 -0
  197. package/src/async/envmou_keys.hpp +50 -0
  198. package/src/async/envmou_open.cpp +38 -0
  199. package/src/async/envmou_open.hpp +33 -0
  200. package/src/async/envmou_query.cpp +167 -0
  201. package/src/async/envmou_query.hpp +53 -0
  202. package/src/dbimou.cpp +522 -0
  203. package/src/dbimou.hpp +82 -0
  204. package/src/env_arg0.hpp +24 -0
  205. package/src/envmou.cpp +445 -0
  206. package/src/envmou.hpp +116 -0
  207. package/src/modulemou.cpp +113 -0
  208. package/src/querymou.cpp +177 -0
  209. package/src/querymou.hpp +93 -0
  210. package/src/txnmou.cpp +254 -0
  211. package/src/txnmou.hpp +122 -0
  212. package/src/typemou.hpp +239 -0
  213. package/src/valuemou.hpp +194 -0
  214. package/test/async.js +67 -0
  215. package/test/e3.js +38 -0
  216. package/test/e4.js +89 -0
  217. package/test/e5.js +162 -0
  218. package/test/test-batch-ops.js +243 -0
  219. package/test/test-cursor-mode.js +84 -0
  220. package/test/test-multi-mode.js +87 -0
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
1
+ \page intro Introduction
2
+ \section characteristics Characteristics
3
+
4
+ Preface {#preface}
5
+ ------------------
6
+
7
+ > For the most part, this section is a copy of the corresponding text
8
+ > from LMDB description, but with some edits reflecting the improvements
9
+ > and enhancements were made in MDBX.
10
+
11
+ MDBX is a Btree-based database management library modeled loosely on the
12
+ BerkeleyDB API, but much simplified. The entire database (aka "environment")
13
+ is exposed in a memory map, and all data fetches return data directly from
14
+ the mapped memory, so no malloc's or memcpy's occur during data fetches.
15
+ As such, the library is extremely simple because it requires no page caching
16
+ layer of its own, and it is extremely high performance and memory-efficient.
17
+ It is also fully transactional with full ACID semantics, and when the memory
18
+ map is read-only, the database integrity cannot be corrupted by stray pointer
19
+ writes from application code.
20
+
21
+ The library is fully thread-aware and supports concurrent read/write access
22
+ from multiple processes and threads. Data pages use a copy-on-write strategy
23
+ so no active data pages are ever overwritten, which also provides resistance
24
+ to corruption and eliminates the need of any special recovery procedures
25
+ after a system crash. Writes are fully serialized; only one write transaction
26
+ may be active at a time, which guarantees that writers can never deadlock.
27
+ The database structure is multi-versioned so readers run with no locks;
28
+ writers cannot block readers, and readers don't block writers.
29
+
30
+ Unlike other well-known database mechanisms which use either write-ahead
31
+ transaction logs or append-only data writes, MDBX requires no maintenance
32
+ during operation. Both write-ahead loggers and append-only databases require
33
+ periodic checkpointing and/or compaction of their log or database files
34
+ otherwise they grow without bound. MDBX tracks retired/freed pages within the
35
+ database and re-uses them for new write operations, so the database size does
36
+ not grow without bound in normal use. It is worth noting that the "next"
37
+ version libmdbx (\ref MithrilDB) will solve this problem.
38
+
39
+ The memory map can be used as a read-only or read-write map. It is read-only
40
+ by default as this provides total immunity to corruption. Using read-write
41
+ mode offers much higher write performance, but adds the possibility for stray
42
+ application writes thru pointers to silently corrupt the database.
43
+ Of course if your application code is known to be bug-free (...) then this is
44
+ not an issue.
45
+
46
+ If this is your first time using a transactional embedded key-value store,
47
+ you may find the \ref starting section below to be helpful.
@@ -0,0 +1,248 @@
1
+ Restrictions & Caveats {#restrictions}
2
+ ======================
3
+ In addition to those listed for some functions.
4
+
5
+
6
+ ## Long-lived read transactions {#long-lived-read}
7
+ Avoid long-lived read transactions, especially in the scenarios with a
8
+ high rate of write transactions. Long-lived read transactions prevents
9
+ recycling pages retired/freed by newer write transactions, thus the
10
+ database can grow quickly.
11
+
12
+ Understanding the problem of long-lived read transactions requires some
13
+ explanation, but can be difficult for quick perception. So is is
14
+ reasonable to simplify this as follows:
15
+ 1. Garbage collection problem exists in all databases one way or
16
+ another, e.g. VACUUM in PostgreSQL. But in MDBX it's even more
17
+ discernible because of high transaction rate and intentional
18
+ internals simplification in favor of performance.
19
+
20
+ 2. MDBX employs [Multiversion concurrency control](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiversion_concurrency_control)
21
+ on the [Copy-on-Write](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copy-on-write)
22
+ basis, that allows multiple readers runs in parallel with a write
23
+ transaction without blocking. An each write transaction needs free
24
+ pages to put the changed data, that pages will be placed in the new
25
+ b-tree snapshot at commit. MDBX efficiently recycling pages from
26
+ previous created unused snapshots, BUT this is impossible if anyone
27
+ a read transaction use such snapshot.
28
+
29
+ 3. Thus massive altering of data during a parallel long read operation
30
+ will increase the process's work set and may exhaust entire free
31
+ database space.
32
+
33
+ A good example of long readers is a hot backup to the slow destination
34
+ or debugging of a client application while retaining an active read
35
+ transaction. LMDB this results in `MDB_MAP_FULL` error and subsequent write
36
+ performance degradation.
37
+
38
+ MDBX mostly solve "long-lived" readers issue by offering to use a
39
+ transaction parking-and-ousting approach by \ref mdbx_txn_park(),
40
+ Handle-Slow-Readers \ref MDBX_hsr_func callback which allows to abort
41
+ long-lived read transactions, and using the \ref MDBX_LIFORECLAIM mode
42
+ which addresses subsequent performance degradation. The "next" version
43
+ of libmdbx (aka \ref MithrilDB) will completely solve this.
44
+
45
+ Nonetheless, situations that encourage lengthy read transactions while
46
+ intensively updating data should be avoided. For example, you should
47
+ avoid suspending/blocking processes/threads performing read
48
+ transactions, including during debugging, and use transaction parking if
49
+ necessary.
50
+
51
+ You should also beware of aborting processes that perform reading
52
+ transactions. Despite the fact that libmdbx automatically checks and
53
+ cleans readers, as an a process aborting (especially with core dump) can
54
+ take a long time, and checking readers cannot be performed too often due
55
+ to performance degradation.
56
+
57
+ This issue will be addressed in MithrlDB and one of libmdbx releases,
58
+ presumably in 2025. To do this, nonlinear GC recycling will be
59
+ implemented, without stopping garbage recycling on the old MVCC snapshot
60
+ used by a long read transaction.
61
+
62
+ After the planned implementation, any long-term reading transaction will
63
+ still keep the used MVCC-snapshot (all the database pages forming it)
64
+ from being recycled, but it will allow all unused MVCC snapshots to be
65
+ recycled, both before and after the readable one. This will eliminate
66
+ one of the main architectural flaws inherited from LMDB and caused the
67
+ growth of a database in proportion to a volume of data changes made
68
+ concurrently with a long-running read transaction.
69
+
70
+
71
+ ## Large data items
72
+
73
+ MDBX allows you to store values up to 1 gigabyte in size, but this is
74
+ not the main functionality for a key-value storage, but an additional
75
+ feature that should not be abused. Such long values are stored in
76
+ consecutive/adjacent DB pages, which has both pros and cons. This allows
77
+ you to read long values directly without copying and without any
78
+ overhead from a linear section of memory.
79
+
80
+ On the other hand, when putting such values in the database, it is
81
+ required to find a sufficient number of free consecutive/adjacent
82
+ database pages, which can be very difficult and expensive, moreover
83
+ sometimes impossible since b-tree tends to fragmentation. So, when
84
+ placing very long values, the engine may need to process the entire GC,
85
+ and in the absence of a sufficient sequence of free pages, increase the
86
+ DB file. Thus, for long values, MDBX provides maximum read performance
87
+ at the expense of write performance.
88
+
89
+ Some aspects related to GC have been refined and improved in 2022 within
90
+ the first releases of the 0.12.x series. In particular the search for
91
+ free consecutive/adjacent pages through GC has been significantly
92
+ speeded, including acceleration using NOEN/SSE2/AVX2/AVX512
93
+ instructions.
94
+
95
+ This issue will be addressed in MithrlDB and refined within one of
96
+ 0.15.x libmdbx releases, presumably at end of 2025.
97
+
98
+
99
+ ### Huge transactions
100
+
101
+ A similar situation can be with huge transactions, in which a lot of
102
+ database pages are retired. The retired pages should be put into GC as a
103
+ list of page numbers for future reuse. But in huge transactions, such a
104
+ list of retired page numbers can also be huge, i.e. it is a very long
105
+ value and requires a long sequence of free pages to be saved. Thus, if
106
+ you delete large amounts of information from the database in a single
107
+ transaction, MDBX may need to increase the database file to save the
108
+ list of pages to be retired.
109
+
110
+ This issue was fixed in 2022 within the first releases of the 0.12.x
111
+ series by `Big Foot` feature, which now is enabled by default.
112
+ See \ref MDBX_ENABLE_BIGFOOT build-time option.
113
+
114
+ The `Big Foot` feature which significantly reduces GC overhead for
115
+ processing large lists of retired pages from huge transactions. Now
116
+ libmdbx avoid creating large chunks of PNLs (page number lists) which
117
+ required a long sequences of free pages, aka large/overflow pages. Thus
118
+ avoiding searching, allocating and storing such sequences inside GC.
119
+
120
+
121
+ ## Space reservation
122
+ An MDBX database configuration will often reserve considerable unused
123
+ memory address space and maybe file size for future growth. This does
124
+ not use actual memory or disk space, but users may need to understand
125
+ the difference so they won't be scared off.
126
+
127
+ However, on 64-bit systems with a relative small amount of RAM, such
128
+ reservation can deplete system resources (trigger ENOMEM error, etc)
129
+ when setting an inadequately large upper DB size using \ref
130
+ mdbx_env_set_geometry() or \ref mdbx::env::geometry. So just avoid this.
131
+
132
+
133
+ ## Remote filesystems
134
+ Do not use MDBX databases on remote filesystems, even between processes
135
+ on the same host. This breaks file locks on some platforms, possibly
136
+ memory map sync, and certainly sync between programs on different hosts.
137
+
138
+ On the other hand, MDBX support the exclusive database operation over
139
+ a network, and cooperative read-only access to the database placed on
140
+ a read-only network shares.
141
+
142
+
143
+ ## Child processes
144
+ Do not use opened \ref MDBX_env instance(s) in a child processes after `fork()`.
145
+ It would be insane to call fork() and any MDBX-functions simultaneously
146
+ from multiple threads. The best way is to prevent the presence of open
147
+ MDBX-instances during `fork()`.
148
+
149
+ The \ref MDBX_ENV_CHECKPID build-time option, which is ON by default on
150
+ non-Windows platforms (i.e. where `fork()` is available), enables PID
151
+ checking at a few critical points. But this does not give any guarantees,
152
+ but only allows you to detect such errors a little sooner. Depending on
153
+ the platform, you should expect an application crash and/or database
154
+ corruption in such cases.
155
+
156
+ On the other hand, MDBX allow calling \ref mdbx_env_close() in such cases to
157
+ release resources, but no more and in general this is a wrong way.
158
+
159
+ #### Since v0.13.1 and later
160
+
161
+ Starting from the v0.13.1 release, the \ref mdbx_env_resurrect_after_fork()
162
+ is available, which allows you to reuse an already open database
163
+ environment in child processes, but strictly without inheriting any
164
+ transactions from a parent process.
165
+
166
+
167
+ ## Read-only mode
168
+ There is no pure read-only mode in a normal explicitly way, since
169
+ readers need write access to LCK-file to be ones visible for writer.
170
+
171
+ So MDBX always tries to open/create LCK-file for read-write, but switches
172
+ to without-LCK mode on appropriate errors (`EROFS`, `EACCESS`, `EPERM`)
173
+ if the read-only mode was requested by the \ref MDBX_RDONLY flag which is
174
+ described below.
175
+
176
+
177
+ ## Troubleshooting the LCK-file
178
+ 1. A broken LCK-file can cause sync issues, including appearance of
179
+ wrong/inconsistent data for readers. When database opened in the
180
+ cooperative read-write mode the LCK-file requires to be mapped to
181
+ memory in read-write access. In this case it is always possible for
182
+ stray/malfunctioned application could writes thru pointers to
183
+ silently corrupt the LCK-file.
184
+
185
+ Unfortunately, there is no any portable way to prevent such
186
+ corruption, since the LCK-file is updated concurrently by
187
+ multiple processes in a lock-free manner and any locking is
188
+ unwise due to a large overhead.
189
+
190
+ \note Workaround: Just make all programs using the database close it;
191
+ the LCK-file is always reset on first open.
192
+
193
+ 2. Stale reader transactions left behind by an aborted program cause
194
+ further writes to grow the database quickly, and stale locks can
195
+ block further operation.
196
+ MDBX checks for stale readers while opening environment and before
197
+ growth the database. But in some cases, this may not be enough.
198
+
199
+ \note Workaround: Check for stale readers periodically, using the
200
+ \ref mdbx_reader_check() function or the mdbx_stat tool.
201
+
202
+ 3. Stale writers will be cleared automatically by MDBX on supported
203
+ platforms. But this is platform-specific, especially of
204
+ implementation of shared POSIX-mutexes and support for robust
205
+ mutexes. For instance there are no known issues on Linux, OSX,
206
+ Windows and FreeBSD.
207
+
208
+ \note Workaround: Otherwise just make all programs using the database
209
+ close it; the LCK-file is always reset on first open of the environment.
210
+
211
+
212
+ ## One thread - One transaction
213
+ A thread can only use one transaction at a time, plus any nested
214
+ read-write transactions in the non-writemap mode. Each transaction
215
+ belongs to one thread. The \ref MDBX_NOSTICKYTHREADS flag changes this,
216
+ see below.
217
+
218
+ Do not start more than one transaction for a one thread. If you think
219
+ about this, it's really strange to do something with two data snapshots
220
+ at once, which may be different. MDBX checks and preventing this by
221
+ returning corresponding error code (\ref MDBX_TXN_OVERLAPPING,
222
+ \ref MDBX_BAD_RSLOT, \ref MDBX_BUSY) unless you using
223
+ \ref MDBX_NOSTICKYTHREADS option on the environment.
224
+ Nonetheless, with the `MDBX_NOSTICKYTHREADS` option, you must know
225
+ exactly what you are doing, otherwise you will get deadlocks or reading
226
+ an alien data.
227
+
228
+
229
+ ## Do not open twice
230
+ Do not have open an MDBX database twice in the same process at the same
231
+ time. By default MDBX prevent this in most cases by tracking databases
232
+ opening and return \ref MDBX_BUSY if anyone LCK-file is already open.
233
+
234
+ The reason for this is that when the "Open file description" locks (aka
235
+ OFD-locks) are not available, MDBX uses POSIX locks on files, and these
236
+ locks have issues if one process opens a file multiple times. If a single
237
+ process opens the same environment multiple times, closing it once will
238
+ remove all the locks held on it, and the other instances will be
239
+ vulnerable to corruption from other processes.
240
+
241
+ For compatibility with LMDB which allows multi-opening, MDBX can be
242
+ configured at runtime by `mdbx_setup_debug(MDBX_DBG_LEGACY_MULTIOPEN, ...)`
243
+ prior to calling other MDBX functions. In this way MDBX will track
244
+ databases opening, detect multi-opening cases and then recover POSIX file
245
+ locks as necessary. However, lock recovery can cause unexpected pauses,
246
+ such as when another process opened the database in exclusive mode before
247
+ the lock was restored - we have to wait until such a process releases the
248
+ database, and so on.
@@ -0,0 +1,245 @@
1
+ Getting started {#starting}
2
+ ===============
3
+
4
+ > This section is based on Bert Hubert's intro "LMDB Semantics", with
5
+ > edits reflecting the improvements and enhancements were made in MDBX.
6
+ > See Bert Hubert's [original](https://github.com/ahupowerdns/ahutils/blob/master/lmdb-semantics.md).
7
+
8
+ Everything starts with an environment, created by \ref mdbx_env_create().
9
+ Once created, this environment must also be opened with \ref mdbx_env_open(),
10
+ and after use be closed by \ref mdbx_env_close(). At that a non-zero value
11
+ of the last argument "mode" supposes MDBX will create database and directory
12
+ if ones does not exist. In this case the non-zero "mode" argument specifies
13
+ the file mode bits be applied when a new files are created by `open()` function.
14
+
15
+ Within that directory, a lock file (aka LCK-file) and a storage file (aka
16
+ DXB-file) will be generated. If you don't want to use a directory, you can
17
+ pass the \ref MDBX_NOSUBDIR option, in which case the path you provided is used
18
+ directly as the DXB-file, and another file with a "-lck" suffix added
19
+ will be used for the LCK-file.
20
+
21
+ Once the environment is open, a transaction can be created within it using
22
+ \ref mdbx_txn_begin(). Transactions may be read-write or read-only, and read-write
23
+ transactions may be nested. A transaction must only be used by one thread at
24
+ a time. Transactions are always required, even for read-only access. The
25
+ transaction provides a consistent view of the data.
26
+
27
+ Once a transaction has been created, a database (i.e. key-value space inside
28
+ the environment) can be opened within it using \ref mdbx_dbi_open(). If only one
29
+ database will ever be used in the environment, a `NULL` can be passed as the
30
+ database name. For named databases, the \ref MDBX_CREATE flag must be used to
31
+ create the database if it doesn't already exist. Also, \ref mdbx_env_set_maxdbs()
32
+ must be called after \ref mdbx_env_create() and before \ref mdbx_env_open() to set
33
+ the maximum number of named databases you want to support.
34
+
35
+ \note A single transaction can open multiple databases. Generally databases
36
+ should only be opened once, by the first transaction in the process.
37
+
38
+ Within a transaction, \ref mdbx_get() and \ref mdbx_put() can store single key-value
39
+ pairs if that is all you need to do (but see \ref Cursors below if you want to do
40
+ more).
41
+
42
+ A key-value pair is expressed as two \ref MDBX_val structures. This struct that is
43
+ exactly similar to POSIX's `struct iovec` and has two fields, `iov_len` and
44
+ `iov_base`. The data is a `void` pointer to an array of `iov_len` bytes.
45
+ \note The notable difference between MDBX and LMDB is that MDBX support zero
46
+ length keys.
47
+
48
+ Because MDBX is very efficient (and usually zero-copy), the data returned in
49
+ an \ref MDBX_val structure may be memory-mapped straight from disk. In other words
50
+ look but do not touch (or `free()` for that matter). Once a transaction is
51
+ closed, the values can no longer be used, so make a copy if you need to keep
52
+ them after that.
53
+
54
+ ## Cursors {#Cursors}
55
+ To do more powerful things, we must use a cursor.
56
+
57
+ Within the transaction, a cursor can be created with \ref mdbx_cursor_open().
58
+ With this cursor we can store/retrieve/delete (multiple) values using
59
+ \ref mdbx_cursor_get(), \ref mdbx_cursor_put() and \ref mdbx_cursor_del().
60
+
61
+ The \ref mdbx_cursor_get() positions itself depending on the cursor operation
62
+ requested, and for some operations, on the supplied key. For example, to list
63
+ all key-value pairs in a database, use operation \ref MDBX_FIRST for the first
64
+ call to \ref mdbx_cursor_get(), and \ref MDBX_NEXT on subsequent calls, until
65
+ the end is hit.
66
+
67
+ To retrieve all keys starting from a specified key value, use \ref MDBX_SET. For
68
+ more cursor operations, see the \ref c_api reference.
69
+
70
+ When using \ref mdbx_cursor_put(), either the function will position the cursor
71
+ for you based on the key, or you can use operation \ref MDBX_CURRENT to use the
72
+ current position of the cursor. \note Note that key must then match the current
73
+ position's key.
74
+
75
+
76
+ ## Summarizing the opening
77
+
78
+ So we have a cursor in a transaction which opened a database in an
79
+ environment which is opened from a filesystem after it was separately
80
+ created.
81
+
82
+ Or, we create an environment, open it from a filesystem, create a transaction
83
+ within it, open a database within that transaction, and create a cursor
84
+ within all of the above.
85
+
86
+ Got it?
87
+
88
+
89
+ ## Threads and processes
90
+
91
+ Do not have open an database twice in the same process at the same time, MDBX
92
+ will track and prevent this. Instead, share the MDBX environment that has
93
+ opened the file across all threads. The reason for this is:
94
+ - When the "Open file description" locks (aka OFD-locks) are not available,
95
+ MDBX uses POSIX locks on files, and these locks have issues if one process
96
+ opens a file multiple times.
97
+ - If a single process opens the same environment multiple times, closing it
98
+ once will remove all the locks held on it, and the other instances will be
99
+ vulnerable to corruption from other processes.
100
+ + For compatibility with LMDB which allows multi-opening, MDBX can be
101
+ configured at runtime by \ref mdbx_setup_debug() with \ref MDBX_DBG_LEGACY_MULTIOPEN` option
102
+ prior to calling other MDBX functions. In this way MDBX will track
103
+ databases opening, detect multi-opening cases and then recover POSIX file
104
+ locks as necessary. However, lock recovery can cause unexpected pauses,
105
+ such as when another process opened the database in exclusive mode before
106
+ the lock was restored - we have to wait until such a process releases the
107
+ database, and so on.
108
+
109
+ Do not use opened MDBX environment(s) after `fork()` in a child process(es),
110
+ MDBX will check and prevent this at critical points. Instead, ensure there is
111
+ no open MDBX-instance(s) during fork(), or at least close it immediately after
112
+ `fork()` in the child process and reopen if required - for instance by using
113
+ `pthread_atfork()`. The reason for this is:
114
+ - For competitive consistent reading, MDBX assigns a slot in the shared
115
+ table for each process that interacts with the database. This slot is
116
+ populated with process attributes, including the PID.
117
+ - After `fork()`, in order to remain connected to a database, the child
118
+ process must have its own such "slot", which can't be assigned in any
119
+ simple and robust way another than the regular.
120
+ - A write transaction from a parent process cannot continue in a child
121
+ process for obvious reasons.
122
+ - Moreover, in a multithreaded process at the fork() moment any number of
123
+ threads could run in critical and/or intermediate sections of MDBX code
124
+ with interaction and/or racing conditions with threads from other
125
+ process(es). For instance: shrinking a database or copying it to a pipe,
126
+ opening or closing environment, beginning or finishing a transaction,
127
+ and so on.
128
+ = Therefore, any solution other than simply close database (and reopen if
129
+ necessary) in a child process would be both extreme complicated and so
130
+ fragile.
131
+
132
+ Do not start more than one transaction for a one thread. If you think
133
+ about this, it's really strange to do something with two data snapshots
134
+ at once, which may be different. MDBX checks and preventing this by
135
+ returning corresponding error code (\ref MDBX_TXN_OVERLAPPING,
136
+ \ref MDBX_BAD_RSLOT, \ref MDBX_BUSY) unless you using
137
+ \ref MDBX_NOSTICKYTHREADS option on the environment. Nonetheless,
138
+ with the \ref MDBX_NOSTICKYTHREADS option, you must know exactly what
139
+ you are doing, otherwise you will get deadlocks or reading an alien
140
+ data.
141
+
142
+ Also note that a transaction is tied to one thread by default using
143
+ Thread Local Storage. If you want to pass transactions across threads,
144
+ you can use the \ref MDBX_NOSTICKYTHREADS option on the environment.
145
+ Nevertheless, a write transaction must be committed or aborted in the
146
+ same thread which it was started. MDBX checks this in a reasonable
147
+ manner and return the \ref MDBX_THREAD_MISMATCH error in rules
148
+ violation.
149
+
150
+
151
+ ## Transactions, rollbacks etc
152
+
153
+ To actually get anything done, a transaction must be committed using
154
+ \ref mdbx_txn_commit(). Alternatively, all of a transaction's operations
155
+ can be discarded using \ref mdbx_txn_abort().
156
+
157
+ \attention An important difference between MDBX and LMDB is that MDBX required
158
+ that any opened cursors can be reused and must be freed explicitly, regardless
159
+ ones was opened in a read-only or write transaction. The REASON for this is
160
+ eliminates ambiguity which helps to avoid errors such as: use-after-free,
161
+ double-free, i.e. memory corruption and segfaults.
162
+
163
+ For read-only transactions, obviously there is nothing to commit to storage.
164
+ \attention An another notable difference between MDBX and LMDB is that MDBX make
165
+ handles opened for existing databases immediately available for other
166
+ transactions, regardless this transaction will be aborted or reset. The
167
+ REASON for this is to avoiding the requirement for multiple opening a same
168
+ handles in concurrent read transactions, and tracking of such open but hidden
169
+ handles until the completion of read transactions which opened them.
170
+
171
+ In addition, as long as a transaction is open, a consistent view of the
172
+ database is kept alive, which requires storage. A read-only transaction that
173
+ no longer requires this consistent view should be terminated (committed or
174
+ aborted) when the view is no longer needed (but see below for an
175
+ optimization).
176
+
177
+ There can be multiple simultaneously active read-only transactions but only
178
+ one that can write. Once a single read-write transaction is opened, all
179
+ further attempts to begin one will block until the first one is committed or
180
+ aborted. This has no effect on read-only transactions, however, and they may
181
+ continue to be opened at any time.
182
+
183
+
184
+ ## Duplicate keys aka Multi-values
185
+
186
+ \ref mdbx_get() and \ref mdbx_put() respectively have no and only some support or
187
+ multiple key-value pairs with identical keys. If there are multiple values
188
+ for a key, \ref mdbx_get() will only return the first value.
189
+
190
+ When multiple values for one key are required, pass the \ref MDBX_DUPSORT flag to
191
+ \ref mdbx_dbi_open(). In an \ref MDBX_DUPSORT database, by default \ref mdbx_put() will
192
+ not replace the value for a key if the key existed already. Instead it will add
193
+ the new value to the key. In addition, \ref mdbx_del() will pay attention to the
194
+ value field too, allowing for specific values of a key to be deleted.
195
+
196
+ Finally, additional cursor operations become available for traversing through
197
+ and retrieving duplicate values.
198
+
199
+
200
+ ## Some optimization
201
+
202
+ If you frequently begin and abort read-only transactions, as an optimization,
203
+ it is possible to only reset and renew a transaction.
204
+
205
+ \ref mdbx_txn_reset() releases any old copies of data kept around for a read-only
206
+ transaction. To reuse this reset transaction, call \ref mdbx_txn_renew() on it.
207
+ Any cursors in this transaction can also be renewed using \ref mdbx_cursor_renew()
208
+ or freed by \ref mdbx_cursor_close().
209
+
210
+ To permanently free a transaction, reset or not, use \ref mdbx_txn_abort().
211
+
212
+
213
+ ## Cleaning up
214
+
215
+ Any created cursors must be closed using \ref mdbx_cursor_close(). It is advisable
216
+ to repeat:
217
+ \note An important difference between MDBX and LMDB is that MDBX required that
218
+ any opened cursors can be reused and must be freed explicitly, regardless
219
+ ones was opened in a read-only or write transaction. The REASON for this is
220
+ eliminates ambiguity which helps to avoid errors such as: use-after-free,
221
+ double-free, i.e. memory corruption and segfaults.
222
+
223
+ It is very rarely necessary to close a database handle, and in general they
224
+ should just be left open. When you close a handle, it immediately becomes
225
+ unavailable for all transactions in the environment. Therefore, you should
226
+ avoid closing the handle while at least one transaction is using it.
227
+
228
+
229
+ ## Now read up on the full API!
230
+
231
+ The full \ref c_api documentation lists further details below, like how to:
232
+
233
+ - Configure database size and automatic size management: \ref mdbx_env_set_geometry().
234
+ - Drop and clean a database: \ref mdbx_drop().
235
+ - Detect and report errors: \ref c_err.
236
+ - Optimize (bulk) loading speed: \ref MDBX_MULTIPLE, \ref MDBX_APPEND.
237
+ - Reduce (temporarily) robustness to gain even more speed: \ref sync_modes.
238
+ - Gather statistics about the database: \ref c_statinfo.
239
+ - Sstimate size of range query result: \ref c_rqest.
240
+ - Double performance by LIFO reclaiming on storages with write-back: \ref MDBX_LIFORECLAIM.
241
+ - Use sequences and canary markers: \ref mdbx_dbi_sequence(), \ref MDBX_canary.
242
+ - Use Handle-Slow-Readers callback to resolve a database full/overflow issues
243
+ due to long-lived read transactions: \ref mdbx_env_set_hsr().
244
+ - Use exclusive mode: \ref MDBX_EXCLUSIVE.
245
+ - Define custom sort orders (but this is recommended to be avoided).
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
1
+ The source code is availale on [Gitflic](https://gitflic.ru/project/erthink/libmdbx) and mirrors on [abf.io](https://abf.io/erthink/libmdbx), [hub.mos.ru](https://hub.mos.ru/leo/libmdbx) and [Github](https://github.com/erthink/libmdbx).
2
+ Donations are welcome to ETH `0xD104d8f8B2dC312aaD74899F83EBf3EEBDC1EA3A`.
3
+ Всё будет хорошо!
4
+
5
+ > Questions, feedback and suggestions are welcome to the [Telegram' group](https://t.me/libmdbx).
6
+
7
+ \section toc Table of Contents
8
+
9
+ This manual is divided into parts,
10
+ each of which is divided into several sections.
11
+
12
+ 1. The \ref intro
13
+ - \ref characteristics
14
+ - \ref improvements
15
+ - \ref restrictions
16
+ - \ref performance
17
+ 2. \ref usage
18
+ - \ref getting
19
+ - \ref starting
20
+ - \ref bindings
21
+
22
+ 3. The `C/C++` API manual:
23
+ - The \ref c_api reference
24
+ - \ref c_crud_hints "Quick reference for Insert/Update/Delete operations"
25
+ - The \ref mdbx.h header file reference
26
+ - The \ref cxx_api reference
27
+ - The \ref mdbx.h++ header file reference
28
+
29
+ Please do not hesitate to point out errors in the documentation,
30
+ including creating [merge-request](https://gitflic.ru/project/erthink/libmdbx/merge-request) with corrections and improvements.
31
+
32
+ ---
33
+
34
+ \section MithrilDB MithrilDB and Future
@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
1
+ <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "https://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
2
+ <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="$langISO">
3
+ <head>
4
+ <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/xhtml;charset=UTF-8"/>
5
+ <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=11"/>
6
+ <meta name="generator" content="Doxygen $doxygenversion"/>
7
+ <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"/>
8
+ <!--BEGIN PROJECT_NAME--><title>$projectname: $title</title><!--END PROJECT_NAME-->
9
+ <!--BEGIN !PROJECT_NAME--><title>$title</title><!--END !PROJECT_NAME-->
10
+ <!--BEGIN PROJECT_ICON-->
11
+ <link rel="icon" href="$relpath^$projecticon" type="image/x-icon" />
12
+ <!--END PROJECT_ICON-->
13
+ <link href="$relpath^tabs.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"/>
14
+ <!--BEGIN DISABLE_INDEX-->
15
+ <!--BEGIN FULL_SIDEBAR-->
16
+ <script type="text/javascript">var page_layout=1;</script>
17
+ <!--END FULL_SIDEBAR-->
18
+ <!--END DISABLE_INDEX-->
19
+ <script type="text/javascript" src="$relpath^jquery.js"></script>
20
+ <script type="text/javascript" src="$relpath^dynsections.js"></script>
21
+ <!--BEGIN COPY_CLIPBOARD-->
22
+ <script type="text/javascript" src="$relpath^clipboard.js"></script>
23
+ <!--END COPY_CLIPBOARD-->
24
+ $treeview
25
+ $search
26
+ $mathjax
27
+ $darkmode
28
+ <link href="$relpath^$stylesheet" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
29
+ $extrastylesheet
30
+ </head>
31
+ <body>
32
+ <!--BEGIN DISABLE_INDEX-->
33
+ <!--BEGIN FULL_SIDEBAR-->
34
+ <div id="side-nav" class="ui-resizable side-nav-resizable"><!-- do not remove this div, it is closed by doxygen! -->
35
+ <!--END FULL_SIDEBAR-->
36
+ <!--END DISABLE_INDEX-->
37
+
38
+ <div id="top"><!-- do not remove this div, it is closed by doxygen! -->
39
+
40
+ <!--BEGIN TITLEAREA-->
41
+ <div id="titlearea">
42
+ <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
43
+ <tbody>
44
+ <tr id="projectrow">
45
+ <!--BEGIN PROJECT_LOGO-->
46
+ <td id="projectlogo"><img alt="Logo" src="$relpath^$projectlogo"$logosize/></td>
47
+ <!--END PROJECT_LOGO-->
48
+ <!--BEGIN PROJECT_NAME-->
49
+ <td id="projectalign">
50
+ <div id="projectname">$projectname<!--BEGIN PROJECT_NUMBER--><span id="projectnumber">&#160;$projectnumber</span><!--END PROJECT_NUMBER-->
51
+ </div>
52
+ <!--BEGIN PROJECT_BRIEF--><div id="projectbrief">$projectbrief</div><!--END PROJECT_BRIEF-->
53
+ </td>
54
+ <!--END PROJECT_NAME-->
55
+ <!--BEGIN !PROJECT_NAME-->
56
+ <!--BEGIN PROJECT_BRIEF-->
57
+ <td>
58
+ <div id="projectbrief">$projectbrief</div>
59
+ </td>
60
+ <!--END PROJECT_BRIEF-->
61
+ <!--END !PROJECT_NAME-->
62
+ <!--BEGIN DISABLE_INDEX-->
63
+ <!--BEGIN SEARCHENGINE-->
64
+ <!--BEGIN !FULL_SIDEBAR-->
65
+ <td>$searchbox</td>
66
+ <!--END !FULL_SIDEBAR-->
67
+ <!--END SEARCHENGINE-->
68
+ <!--END DISABLE_INDEX-->
69
+ </tr>
70
+ <!--BEGIN SEARCHENGINE-->
71
+ <!--BEGIN FULL_SIDEBAR-->
72
+ <tr><td colspan="2">$searchbox</td></tr>
73
+ <!--END FULL_SIDEBAR-->
74
+ <!--END SEARCHENGINE-->
75
+ </tbody>
76
+ </table>
77
+ </div>
78
+ <!--END TITLEAREA-->
79
+ <!-- Yandex.Metrika counter -->
80
+ <script type="text/javascript" >
81
+ (function(m,e,t,r,i,k,a){m[i]=m[i]||function(){(m[i].a=m[i].a||[]).push(arguments)};
82
+ m[i].l=1*new Date();
83
+ for (var j = 0; j < document.scripts.length; j++) {if (document.scripts[j].src === r) { return; }}
84
+ k=e.createElement(t),a=e.getElementsByTagName(t)[0],k.async=1,k.src=r,a.parentNode.insertBefore(k,a)})
85
+ (window, document, "script", "https://mc.yandex.ru/metrika/tag.js", "ym");
86
+
87
+ ym(99261645, "init", {
88
+ clickmap:true,
89
+ trackLinks:true,
90
+ accurateTrackBounce:true,
91
+ webvisor:true
92
+ });
93
+ </script>
94
+ <noscript><div><img src="https://mc.yandex.ru/watch/99261645" style="position:absolute; left:-9999px;" alt="" /></div></noscript>
95
+ <!-- /Yandex.Metrika counter -->
96
+ <!-- end header part -->