lazycodex-ai 5.1.45 → 5.1.46

package/packages/shared-skills/skills/ulw-research/scripts/tests/fixtures/fidelity/ledger-verify.json

@@ -0,0 +1,420 @@
+{
+	"schemaVersion": 1,
+	"rows": [
+		{
+			"fact_id": "F1",
+			"kind": "measured",
+			"raw": "320 m",
+			"quote": "The bridge span is up to 320 m long.",
+			"extracted_by": "tool:source-snapshot@1",
+			"observed_at": "2026-10-01T00:00:00Z",
+			"label": "span_len",
+			"value": "320",
+			"unit": "m",
+			"value_span": [
+				25,
+				30
+			],
+			"source_id": "S4",
+			"locator": {
+				"artifact": "text.txt",
+				"char_start": 0,
+				"char_end": 36
+			},
+			"locate_hint": null,
+			"snapshot_sha256": "89abfafc79d0e2c13a5ccad6843c020dc65e86f1eca385f85e7f58153960cdfe",
+			"valid_at": "2026",
+			"qualifier": "upper_inclusive",
+			"entity": "Bridge",
+			"sentence_id": "S4:s1",
+			"observation_id": "O1",
+			"fuzzy": false,
+			"outside_floor": false,
+			"population": null,
+			"missing_rule": null,
+			"accounting_basis": null,
+			"snapshot_window": null,
+			"revision": null,
+			"exact": {
+				"num": "320",
+				"den": "1"
+			},
+			"render": null,
+			"operation": null,
+			"operands": [],
+			"derived_from": [],
+			"formula": null,
+			"factor": null,
+			"rationale": null,
+			"status": "active"
+		},
+		{
+			"fact_id": "F2",
+			"kind": "measured",
+			"raw": "1,237",
+			"quote": "Units sold reached 1,237 in 2026.",
+			"extracted_by": "tool:source-snapshot@1",
+			"observed_at": "2026-10-01T00:00:00Z",
+			"label": "units_sold",
+			"value": "1237",
+			"unit": null,
+			"value_span": [
+				19,
+				24
+			],
+			"source_id": "S4",
+			"locator": {
+				"artifact": "text.txt",
+				"char_start": 37,
+				"char_end": 70
+			},
+			"locate_hint": null,
+			"snapshot_sha256": "89abfafc79d0e2c13a5ccad6843c020dc65e86f1eca385f85e7f58153960cdfe",
+			"valid_at": "2026",
+			"qualifier": null,
+			"entity": null,
+			"sentence_id": "S4:s2",
+			"observation_id": "O1",
+			"fuzzy": false,
+			"outside_floor": false,
+			"population": null,
+			"missing_rule": null,
+			"accounting_basis": null,
+			"snapshot_window": null,
+			"revision": null,
+			"exact": {
+				"num": "1237",
+				"den": "1"
+			},
+			"render": null,
+			"operation": null,
+			"operands": [],
+			"derived_from": [],
+			"formula": null,
+			"factor": null,
+			"rationale": null,
+			"status": "active"
+		},
+		{
+			"fact_id": "F3",
+			"kind": "measured",
+			"raw": "12%",
+			"quote": "Revenue grew 12% year over year.",
+			"extracted_by": "tool:source-snapshot@1",
+			"observed_at": "2026-10-01T00:00:00Z",
+			"label": "rate_yoy",
+			"value": "12",
+			"unit": "%",
+			"value_span": [
+				13,
+				16
+			],
+			"source_id": "S4",
+			"locator": {
+				"artifact": "text.txt",
+				"char_start": 71,
+				"char_end": 103
+			},
+			"locate_hint": null,
+			"snapshot_sha256": "89abfafc79d0e2c13a5ccad6843c020dc65e86f1eca385f85e7f58153960cdfe",
+			"valid_at": "2026 YoY",
+			"qualifier": null,
+			"entity": null,
+			"sentence_id": "S4:s3",
+			"observation_id": "O2",
+			"fuzzy": false,
+			"outside_floor": false,
+			"population": null,
+			"missing_rule": null,
+			"accounting_basis": null,
+			"snapshot_window": null,
+			"revision": null,
+			"exact": {
+				"num": "12",
+				"den": "1"
+			},
+			"render": null,
+			"operation": null,
+			"operands": [],
+			"derived_from": [],
+			"formula": null,
+			"factor": null,
+			"rationale": null,
+			"status": "active"
+		},
+		{
+			"fact_id": "F4",
+			"kind": "measured",
+			"raw": "12%",
+			"quote": "Revenue grew 12% quarter over quarter.",
+			"extracted_by": "tool:source-snapshot@1",
+			"observed_at": "2026-10-01T00:00:00Z",
+			"label": "rate_qoq",
+			"value": "12",
+			"unit": "%",
+			"value_span": [
+				13,
+				16
+			],
+			"source_id": "S4",
+			"locator": {
+				"artifact": "text.txt",
+				"char_start": 104,
+				"char_end": 142
+			},
+			"locate_hint": null,
+			"snapshot_sha256": "89abfafc79d0e2c13a5ccad6843c020dc65e86f1eca385f85e7f58153960cdfe",
+			"valid_at": "2026 Q3 QoQ",
+			"qualifier": null,
+			"entity": null,
+			"sentence_id": "S4:s4",
+			"observation_id": "O3",
+			"fuzzy": false,
+			"outside_floor": false,
+			"population": null,
+			"missing_rule": null,
+			"accounting_basis": null,
+			"snapshot_window": null,
+			"revision": null,
+			"exact": {
+				"num": "12",
+				"den": "1"
+			},
+			"render": null,
+			"operation": null,
+			"operands": [],
+			"derived_from": [],
+			"formula": null,
+			"factor": null,
+			"rationale": null,
+			"status": "active"
+		},
+		{
+			"fact_id": "F5",
+			"kind": "measured",
+			"raw": "12%",
+			"quote": "Segment A held 12% of the market and segment B held 27%.",
+			"extracted_by": "tool:source-snapshot@1",
+			"observed_at": "2026-10-01T00:00:00Z",
+			"label": "seg_a",
+			"value": "12",
+			"unit": "%",
+			"value_span": [
+				15,
+				18
+			],
+			"source_id": "S4",
+			"locator": {
+				"artifact": "text.txt",
+				"char_start": 143,
+				"char_end": 199
+			},
+			"locate_hint": null,
+			"snapshot_sha256": "89abfafc79d0e2c13a5ccad6843c020dc65e86f1eca385f85e7f58153960cdfe",
+			"valid_at": null,
+			"qualifier": null,
+			"entity": null,
+			"sentence_id": "S4:s5",
+			"observation_id": null,
+			"fuzzy": false,
+			"outside_floor": false,
+			"population": null,
+			"missing_rule": null,
+			"accounting_basis": null,
+			"snapshot_window": null,
+			"revision": null,
+			"exact": {
+				"num": "12",
+				"den": "1"
+			},
+			"render": null,
+			"operation": null,
+			"operands": [],
+			"derived_from": [],
+			"formula": null,
+			"factor": null,
+			"rationale": null,
+			"status": "active"
+		},
+		{
+			"fact_id": "F6",
+			"kind": "measured",
+			"raw": "27%",
+			"quote": "Segment A held 12% of the market and segment B held 27%.",
+			"extracted_by": "tool:source-snapshot@1",
+			"observed_at": "2026-10-01T00:00:00Z",
+			"label": "seg_b",
+			"value": "27",
+			"unit": "%",
+			"value_span": [
+				52,
+				55
+			],
+			"source_id": "S4",
+			"locator": {
+				"artifact": "text.txt",
+				"char_start": 143,
+				"char_end": 199
+			},
+			"locate_hint": null,
+			"snapshot_sha256": "89abfafc79d0e2c13a5ccad6843c020dc65e86f1eca385f85e7f58153960cdfe",
+			"valid_at": null,
+			"qualifier": null,
+			"entity": null,
+			"sentence_id": "S4:s5",
+			"observation_id": null,
+			"fuzzy": false,
+			"outside_floor": false,
+			"population": null,
+			"missing_rule": null,
+			"accounting_basis": null,
+			"snapshot_window": null,
+			"revision": null,
+			"exact": {
+				"num": "27",
+				"den": "1"
+			},
+			"render": null,
+			"operation": null,
+			"operands": [],
+			"derived_from": [],
+			"formula": null,
+			"factor": null,
+			"rationale": null,
+			"status": "active"
+		},
+		{
+			"fact_id": "F7",
+			"kind": "measured",
+			"raw": "42 passed",
+			"quote": "42 passed",
+			"extracted_by": "tool:source-snapshot@1",
+			"observed_at": "2026-10-01T00:00:00Z",
+			"label": "test_pass",
+			"value": "42",
+			"unit": null,
+			"value_span": [
+				0,
+				9
+			],
+			"source_id": "S5",
+			"locator": {
+				"artifact": "text.txt",
+				"char_start": 0,
+				"char_end": 9
+			},
+			"locate_hint": null,
+			"snapshot_sha256": "e6d47cc01ac7d20e7ba7acd6d1ad113573c1991f02c5af5f0f64a0572e0607f1",
+			"valid_at": null,
+			"qualifier": null,
+			"entity": null,
+			"sentence_id": "S5:s1",
+			"observation_id": null,
+			"fuzzy": false,
+			"outside_floor": false,
+			"population": null,
+			"missing_rule": null,
+			"accounting_basis": null,
+			"snapshot_window": null,
+			"revision": null,
+			"exact": {
+				"num": "42",
+				"den": "1"
+			},
+			"render": null,
+			"operation": null,
+			"operands": [],
+			"derived_from": [],
+			"formula": null,
+			"factor": null,
+			"rationale": null,
+			"status": "active"
+		},
+		{
+			"fact_id": "Q1",
+			"kind": "quote",
+			"raw": "we estimate completion no earlier than 2027",
+			"quote": "we estimate completion no earlier than 2027",
+			"extracted_by": "tool:source-snapshot@1",
+			"observed_at": "2026-10-01T00:00:00Z",
+			"label": "completion",
+			"value": null,
+			"unit": null,
+			"value_span": null,
+			"source_id": "S4",
+			"locator": {
+				"artifact": "text.txt",
+				"char_start": 215,
+				"char_end": 258
+			},
+			"locate_hint": null,
+			"snapshot_sha256": "89abfafc79d0e2c13a5ccad6843c020dc65e86f1eca385f85e7f58153960cdfe",
+			"valid_at": null,
+			"qualifier": null,
+			"entity": "Operator",
+			"sentence_id": "S4:s6",
+			"observation_id": null,
+			"fuzzy": false,
+			"outside_floor": false,
+			"population": null,
+			"missing_rule": null,
+			"accounting_basis": null,
+			"snapshot_window": null,
+			"revision": null,
+			"exact": null,
+			"render": null,
+			"operation": null,
+			"operands": [],
+			"derived_from": [],
+			"formula": null,
+			"factor": null,
+			"rationale": null,
+			"status": "active"
+		},
+		{
+			"fact_id": "F8",
+			"kind": "converted",
+			"raw": "320 m",
+			"quote": "",
+			"extracted_by": "tool:source-snapshot@1",
+			"observed_at": "2026-10-01T00:00:00Z",
+			"label": "span_mm",
+			"value": "320000",
+			"unit": "mm",
+			"value_span": null,
+			"source_id": null,
+			"locator": null,
+			"locate_hint": null,
+			"snapshot_sha256": null,
+			"valid_at": null,
+			"qualifier": null,
+			"entity": null,
+			"sentence_id": null,
+			"observation_id": null,
+			"fuzzy": false,
+			"outside_floor": false,
+			"population": null,
+			"missing_rule": null,
+			"accounting_basis": null,
+			"snapshot_window": null,
+			"revision": null,
+			"exact": {
+				"num": "320000",
+				"den": "1"
+			},
+			"render": "320,000 mm (320 m)",
+			"operation": "convert",
+			"operands": [
+				"F1"
+			],
+			"derived_from": [
+				"F1"
+			],
+			"formula": "F1 * 1000",
+			"factor": "1000",
+			"rationale": null,
+			"status": "active"
+		}
+	],
+	"events": []
+}

package/packages/shared-skills/skills/ulw-research/scripts/tests/fixtures/fidelity/report-bad.html

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+<!doctype html>
+<html lang="en">
+<head><meta charset="utf-8"><title>Bridge report</title></head>
+<body>
+<h1>Bridge report</h1>
+<h2>Findings</h2>
+<p>Revenue grew 12% [S4].</p>
+<p>The span is <data class="fact" value="320" data-fact="F1" data-unit="m" data-lineage="MEASURED">up to 320 mm</data> long [S4].</p>
+<p>Units sold reached <data class="fact" value="1237" data-fact="F2" data-lineage="MEASURED">1,273</data> [S4].</p>
+<p>The operator wrote <q data-fact="Q1" data-quote-sel="full">we estimate completion no earlier than 2028</q> [S4].</p>
+<p>Next year brings {{F9:growth}} more traffic [S4].</p>
+<p>The bridge is popular with tourists.</p>
+<p data-claim="C99">The design is the safest in the region.</p>
+<h2>Sources</h2>
+<ol>
+<li id="s4">[S4] Bridge authority page, retrieved 2026-10-01.</li>
+</ol>
+</body>
+</html>

package/packages/shared-skills/skills/ulw-research/scripts/tests/fixtures/fidelity/report-good.html

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+<!doctype html>
+<html lang="en">
+<head><meta charset="utf-8"><title>Bridge report</title></head>
+<body>
+<h1>Bridge report</h1>
+<h2>Findings</h2>
+<p>The span is <data class="fact" value="320" data-fact="F1" data-unit="m" data-lineage="MEASURED">up to 320 m</data> long [S4].</p>
+<p>In millimetres the span is <data class="fact" value="320000" data-fact="F8" data-unit="mm" data-lineage="DERIVED">320,000 mm (320 m)</data> [S4].</p>
+<p>Units sold reached <data class="fact" value="1237" data-fact="F2" data-lineage="MEASURED">1,237</data> [S4].</p>
+<p>The operator wrote <q data-fact="Q1" data-quote-sel="full">we estimate completion no earlier than 2027</q> [S4].</p>
+<p>The schedule note opens with <q data-fact="Q1" data-quote-sel="lead=4">we estimate completion no…</q> [S4].</p>
+<p>The opening date is <q data-fact="Q1" data-quote-sel="from=no earlier;to=2027">…no earlier than 2027</q> [S4].</p>
+<p>The test suite ran with <data class="fact" value="42" data-fact="F7" data-claim-kind="verified" data-lineage="MEASURED">42 passed</data> [S5].</p>
+<p data-kind="opinion">This looks like a sound plan.</p>
+<p data-claim="C1">The design follows the published standard.</p>
+<figure data-chart-source="assets/share.csv">
+<svg viewBox="0 0 200 100" role="img"><g class="ticks" data-tick-step="10" data-tick-min="0" data-tick-max="30"><text x="0" y="90">0</text><text x="0" y="60">10</text><text x="0" y="30">20</text><text x="0" y="5">30</text></g><text x="40" y="50">12%</text><text x="120" y="20">27%</text></svg>
+<figcaption>Market share by segment, in percent [S4].</figcaption>
+</figure>
+<table>
+<thead><tr><th>Metric</th><th>Value</th></tr></thead>
+<tbody>
+<tr><td>Span</td><td><data class="fact" value="320" data-fact="F1" data-unit="m" data-lineage="MEASURED">320 m</data></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Units sold</td><td><data class="fact" value="1237" data-fact="F2" data-lineage="MEASURED">1,237</data></td></tr>
+</tbody>
+</table>
+<h2>Appendix</h2>
+<p>Units sold in the base year were <data class="fact" value="1237" data-fact="F2" data-lineage="MEASURED">1,237</data> [S4].</p>
+<h2>Gaps and contradictions</h2>
+<p data-claim="C3">An early schedule claim was refuted.</p>
+<h2>How this report was made</h2>
+<p>Collected from the cited public page and one recorded test run [S4] [S5].</p>
+<h2>Sources</h2>
+<ol>
+<li id="s4">[S4] Bridge authority page, retrieved 2026-10-01.</li>
+<li id="s5">[S5] Test run output, recorded 2026-10-01.</li>
+</ol>
+</body>
+</html>

package/packages/shared-skills/skills/ulw-research/scripts/tests/fixtures/fidelity/sources/S4/acronyms.json

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+{
+	"HBM": "High Bandwidth Memory"
+}

package/packages/shared-skills/skills/ulw-research/scripts/tests/fixtures/fidelity/sources/S4/meta.json

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+{
+	"source_id": "S4",
+	"url": "https://example.org/bridge",
+	"observed_at": "2026-10-01T00:00:00Z",
+	"sha256": "89abfafc79d0e2c13a5ccad6843c020dc65e86f1eca385f85e7f58153960cdfe",
+	"extractor": "tool:source-snapshot@1",
+	"revision": null,
+	"kind": "page"
+}

package/packages/shared-skills/skills/ulw-research/scripts/tests/fixtures/fidelity/sources/S4/sentences.jsonl

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+{"sid":"S4:s1","start":0,"end":36,"text":"The bridge span is up to 320 m long."}
+{"sid":"S4:s2","start":37,"end":70,"text":"Units sold reached 1,237 in 2026."}
+{"sid":"S4:s3","start":71,"end":103,"text":"Revenue grew 12% year over year."}
+{"sid":"S4:s4","start":104,"end":142,"text":"Revenue grew 12% quarter over quarter."}
+{"sid":"S4:s5","start":143,"end":199,"text":"Segment A held 12% of the market and segment B held 27%."}
+{"sid":"S4:s6","start":200,"end":258,"text":"Operators said we estimate completion no earlier than 2027"}
+{"sid":"S4:s7","start":259,"end":299,"text":"High Bandwidth Memory (HBM) demand rose."}

package/packages/shared-skills/skills/ulw-research/scripts/tests/fixtures/fidelity/sources/S4/text.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+The bridge span is up to 320 m long.
+Units sold reached 1,237 in 2026.
+Revenue grew 12% year over year.
+Revenue grew 12% quarter over quarter.
+Segment A held 12% of the market and segment B held 27%.
+Operators said we estimate completion no earlier than 2027
+High Bandwidth Memory (HBM) demand rose.

package/packages/shared-skills/skills/ulw-research/scripts/tests/fixtures/fidelity/sources/S4.html

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+<!doctype html>
+<html>
+<head><title>Harbor Bridge progress note</title><style>p { margin: 0 }</style></head>
+<body>
+<h1>Harbor Bridge progress note</h1>
+<p>Span length: 320 m</p>
+<p>The deck uses High Bandwidth Memory (HBM) sensors for strain logging.</p>
+<p>Main span cost: 12 million USD, and approach span cost: 4 million USD.</p>
+<!-- internal draft comment -->
+<p>After the delay, we estimate completion no earlier than 2027.</p>
+<table id="dimensions">
+<caption>Bridge dimensions</caption>
+<tr><th>Metric</th><th>Length</th></tr>
+<tr><td>Span</td><td>320 m</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Approach</td><td>85 m</td></tr>
+</table>
+<script>console.log("not prose")</script>
+</body>
+</html>

package/packages/shared-skills/skills/ulw-research/scripts/tests/fixtures/fidelity/sources/S5/acronyms.json

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{}

package/packages/shared-skills/skills/ulw-research/scripts/tests/fixtures/fidelity/sources/S5/meta.json

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+{
+	"source_id": "S5",
+	"url": null,
+	"observed_at": "2026-10-01T00:00:00Z",
+	"sha256": "e6d47cc01ac7d20e7ba7acd6d1ad113573c1991f02c5af5f0f64a0572e0607f1",
+	"extractor": "tool:source-snapshot@1",
+	"revision": null,
+	"kind": "command"
+}

package/packages/shared-skills/skills/ulw-research/scripts/tests/fixtures/fidelity/sources/S5/sentences.jsonl

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"sid":"S5:s1","start":0,"end":9,"text":"42 passed"}

package/packages/shared-skills/skills/ulw-research/scripts/tests/fixtures/fidelity/sources/S5/text.txt

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+42 passed

package/packages/shared-skills/skills/ulw-research/scripts/tests/fixtures/fidelity/sources/S9.txt

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+북미 클라우드향 HBM3E 매출은 2026년 3분기 연결 기준 최대 4조 2,000억 원에 달할 것으로 전망된다.

package/packages/shared-skills/skills/ulw-research/scripts/unit-algebra.mjs

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+// Canonical factor algebra. Exponents are bigint; aliases enter only through normalizeInput.
+import { fromDecimal, mul, sigFigsOf, toDecimal } from "./rational.mjs"
+import { dimensionOf, normalizeUnit } from "./units.mjs"
+import { refuse } from "./unit-errors.mjs"
+export { refuse, RuleError } from "./unit-errors.mjs"
+
+const SCALED = new Set(["bp", "basispoint", "basispoints"])
+export const isPercentish = (unit) => unit === "%" || unit === "%p"
+const scaled = (text) => SCALED.has(text.replace(/\s+/g, "").toLowerCase())
+
+function atomOf(text) {
+	if (text === "1") return null
+	const atom = scaled(text) ? "%p" : normalizeUnit(text) ?? text
+	if (dimensionOf(atom) === "scale") refuse(`"${text}" is a scale word (${atom}), not a unit`, undefined, "scale_atom", "a counted unit with scale in the numeral")
+	return atom
+}
+
+const combine = (a, b, sign) => {
+	for (const [atom, power] of b) a.set(atom, (a.get(atom) ?? 0n) + sign * power)
+	return a
+}
+
+/** Iterative unit parser: factor maps plus the input's decimal scaling exponent. */
+function parse(raw) {
+	if (raw === null) return { factors: new Map(), shift: 0n }
+	if (typeof raw !== "string" || !raw.trim()) refuse("unit must be text or explicit null", undefined, "unit_text", "canonical unit text or null")
+	const tokens = raw.match(/[*/()^]|[^*/()^]+/g).map((x) => x.trim()).filter(Boolean)
+	const frames = [{ factors: new Map(), shift: 0n, sign: 1n, need: true }]
+	let affine = false
+	const apply = (value, i) => {
+		if (tokens[i] === "^") {
+			const power = tokens[i + 1]
+			if (!/^[+-]?\d+$/.test(power ?? "")) refuse(`unit "${raw}" has a bad exponent`, undefined, "exponent", "an integer exponent")
+			const n = BigInt(power)
+			value = { factors: new Map([...value.factors].map(([a, p]) => [a, p * n])), shift: value.shift * n }
+			i += 2
+		}
+		const frame = frames.at(-1)
+		combine(frame.factors, value.factors, frame.sign)
+		frame.shift += frame.sign * value.shift
+		frame.need = false
+		return i
+	}
+	for (let i = 0; i < tokens.length;) {
+		const frame = frames.at(-1)
+		const token = tokens[i]
+		if (frame.need) {
+			if (token === "(") {
+				frames.push({ factors: new Map(), shift: 0n, sign: 1n, need: true })
+				i++
+			} else {
+				if (/^[*/()^]$/.test(token)) refuse(`unexpected "${token}" in unit "${raw}"`)
+				const atom = atomOf(token)
+				affine ||= dimensionOf(atom) === "temperature"
+				i = apply({ factors: new Map(atom === null ? [] : [[atom, 1n]]), shift: scaled(token) ? -2n : 0n }, i + 1)
+			}
+		} else if (token === ")" && frames.length > 1) {
+			const value = frames.pop()
+			i = apply(value, i + 1)
+		} else if (token === "*" || token === "/") {
+			frame.sign = token === "*" ? 1n : -1n
+			frame.need = true
+			i++
+		} else refuse(`unexpected "${token}" in unit "${raw}"`)
+	}
+	if (frames.length !== 1 || frames[0].need) refuse(`unit "${raw}" ends early or is missing a closing parenthesis`)
+	// Refuse affine composites before cancellation loses the atom that made them unsafe.
+	if (affine && (tokens.length !== 1 || frames[0].shift !== 0n)) refuse("affine (temperature) units cannot occur in composites", undefined, "affine_units", "a non-affine composite or bare temperature for convert")
+	return frames[0]
+}
+
+function format(factors) {
+	const side = (sign) => [...factors].filter(([, p]) => sign * p > 0n).sort(([a], [b]) => a < b ? -1 : a > b ? 1 : 0)
+		.map(([a, p]) => { const n = sign * p; return n === 1n ? a : `${a}^${n}` })
+	const top = side(1n)
+	const bottom = side(-1n)
+	if (!top.length && !bottom.length) return null
+	return `${top.join("*") || "1"}${bottom.length ? `/${bottom.length === 1 ? bottom[0] : `(${bottom.join("*")})`}` : ""}`
+}
+
+export const canonicalUnit = (raw) => format(parse(raw).factors)
+export function inputScale(raw) {
+	const { shift } = parse(raw)
+	if (shift === 0n) return null
+	if (shift > 10000n || shift < -10000n) refuse("scaled alias exponent exceeds exact input capacity", undefined, "scale_range", "an absolute decimal scale exponent <= 10000")
+	return shift > 0n ? `1${"0".repeat(Number(shift))}` : `0.${"0".repeat(Number(-shift - 1n))}1`
+}
+
+export function normalizeInput(unit, value) {
+	const canonical = canonicalUnit(unit)
+	const factor = inputScale(unit)
+	return { unit: canonical, value: factor ? toDecimal(mul(fromDecimal(value), fromDecimal(factor)), sigFigsOf(value)) : value }
+}
+
+export const unitTimes = (a, b) => format(combine(parse(a).factors, parse(b).factors, 1n))
+export const unitOver = (a, b) => format(combine(parse(a).factors, parse(b).factors, -1n))
+export const isAffine = (unit) => typeof unit === "string" && dimensionOf(unit) === "temperature"
+export function isCurrencyRate(unit) {
+	const currencies = [...parse(unit).factors].filter(([a, n]) => n !== 0n && dimensionOf(a)?.startsWith("currency:"))
+	return currencies.some(([, n]) => n > 0n) && currencies.some(([, n]) => n < 0n)
+}