iapws-if97 2.2.0 → 2.8.0

package/dist/core/region-detector.js

@@ -1,17 +1,8 @@
-/**
- * Region detection for various input modes.
- */
+/** Region detection for P-T inputs. */
 import * as C from '../constants.js';
-import { saturationTemperature } from '../regions/region4.js';
-import { boundary23_P_to_T, boundary23_T_to_P } from '../regions/boundaries.js';
-import { region1 } from '../regions/region1.js';
-import { region2 } from '../regions/region2.js';
-import { region5 } from '../regions/region5.js';
-import { saturationEndpointsAtPressure, saturationEndpointsAtTemperature, } from '../saturation/common.js';
-import { tryRegion4HSState } from '../saturation/region4-hs.js';
-import { IF97Error, Region } from '../types.js';
-import { bracketedNewton } from '../solvers/bracketed-newton.js';
-import { solveRegion3PTBasic } from './region3-pt.js';
+import { saturationPressure } from '../regions/region4.js';
+import { boundary23_T_to_P } from '../regions/boundaries.js';
+import { Region } from '../types.js';
 /**
  * Detect the IAPWS-IF97 region for given P and T.
  * @returns Region number (1–5) or -1 if out of range
@@ -21,766 +12,50 @@ export function detectRegionPT(p, T) {
         return Region.Region5;
     }
     if (p >= C.P_MIN && p <= C.B23_P_MIN) {
-        const Tsat = saturationTemperature(p);
-        if (T >= C.T_MIN && T <= Tsat)
-            return Region.Region1;
-        if (T > Tsat && T <= C.R2_T_MAX)
-            return Region.Region2;
-    }
-    else if (p > C.B23_P_MIN && p <= C.P_MAX) {
-        const Tb23 = boundary23_P_to_T(p);
-        if (T >= C.T_MIN && T <= C.R2_T_MIN)
-            return Region.Region1;
-        if (T > C.R2_T_MIN && T < Tb23)
-            return Region.Region3;
-        if (T >= Tb23 && T <= C.R2_T_MAX)
-            return Region.Region2;
-    }
-    return -1;
-}
-/**
- * Detect region for P-H inputs.
- */
-export function detectRegionPH(p, h) {
-    if (p >= C.Pt && p < C.Pc) {
-        const endpoints = saturationEndpointsAtPressure(p);
-        if (isClose(h, endpoints.liquid.enthalpy) || isClose(h, endpoints.vapor.enthalpy)) {
-            return Region.Region4;
+        if (T >= C.T_MIN && T <= C.R2_T_MIN) {
+            return p >= saturationPressure(T) ? Region.Region1 : Region.Region2;
         }
-    }
-    if (p >= C.P_MIN && p <= C.B23_P_MIN) {
-        const Tsat = saturationTemperature(p);
-        const h14 = region1(p, Tsat).enthalpy;
-        const h24 = region2(p, Tsat).enthalpy;
-        const h25 = region2(p, C.R2_T_MAX).enthalpy;
-        const hmin = region1(p, C.T_MIN).enthalpy;
-        if (hmin <= h && h <= h14)
-            return Region.Region1;
-        if (h14 < h && h < h24)
-            return Region.Region4;
-        if (h24 <= h && h <= h25)
+        if (T > C.R2_T_MIN && T <= C.R2_T_MAX)
             return Region.Region2;
-        if (h25 < h && p <= C.R5_P_MAX)
-            return Region.Region5;
     }
     else if (p > C.B23_P_MIN && p <= C.P_MAX) {
-        const hmin = region1(p, C.T_MIN).enthalpy;
-        const h13 = region1(p, C.R2_T_MIN).enthalpy;
-        const h32 = region2(p, boundary23_P_to_T(p)).enthalpy;
-        const h25 = region2(p, C.R2_T_MAX).enthalpy;
-        if (hmin <= h && h <= h13)
-            return Region.Region1;
-        if (p < C.Pc) {
-            const endpoints = saturationEndpointsAtPressure(p);
-            const hf = endpoints.liquid.enthalpy;
-            const hg = endpoints.vapor.enthalpy;
-            if (h13 < h && h < hf)
-                return Region.Region3;
-            if (hf < h && h < hg)
-                return Region.Region4;
-            if (hg < h && h < h32)
-                return Region.Region3;
+        if (T >= C.T_MIN && T <= C.R2_T_MIN) {
+            return p >= saturationPressure(T) ? Region.Region1 : Region.Region2;
         }
-        else if (h13 < h && h < h32) {
+        if (T > C.R2_T_MIN && T < C.B23_T_MAX &&
+            ((T < C.Tc && p >= saturationPressure(T)) || p >= boundary23_T_to_P(T)))
             return Region.Region3;
-        }
-        if (h32 <= h && h <= h25)
+        if (T > C.R2_T_MIN && T <= C.R2_T_MAX)
             return Region.Region2;
-        if (h25 < h && p <= C.R5_P_MAX)
-            return Region.Region5;
     }
     return -1;
 }
-/**
- * Detect region for P-S inputs.
- */
-export function detectRegionPS(p, s) {
-    if (p >= C.Pt && p < C.Pc) {
-        const endpoints = saturationEndpointsAtPressure(p);
-        if (isClose(s, endpoints.liquid.entropy) || isClose(s, endpoints.vapor.entropy)) {
-            return Region.Region4;
-        }
-    }
-    if (p >= C.P_MIN && p <= C.B23_P_MIN) {
-        const Tsat = saturationTemperature(p);
-        const smin = region1(p, C.T_MIN).entropy;
-        const s14 = region1(p, Tsat).entropy;
-        const s24 = region2(p, Tsat).entropy;
-        const s25 = region2(p, C.R2_T_MAX).entropy;
-        if (smin <= s && s <= s14)
-            return Region.Region1;
-        if (s14 < s && s < s24)
-            return Region.Region4;
-        if (s24 <= s && s <= s25)
-            return Region.Region2;
-        if (s25 < s && p <= C.R5_P_MAX)
-            return Region.Region5;
-    }
-    else if (p > C.B23_P_MIN && p <= C.P_MAX) {
-        const smin = region1(p, C.T_MIN).entropy;
-        const s13 = region1(p, C.R2_T_MIN).entropy;
-        const s32 = region2(p, boundary23_P_to_T(p)).entropy;
-        const s25 = region2(p, C.R2_T_MAX).entropy;
-        if (smin <= s && s <= s13)
-            return Region.Region1;
-        if (p < C.Pc) {
-            const endpoints = saturationEndpointsAtPressure(p);
-            const sf = endpoints.liquid.entropy;
-            const sg = endpoints.vapor.entropy;
-            if (s13 < s && s < sf)
-                return Region.Region3;
-            if (sf < s && s < sg)
-                return Region.Region4;
-            if (sg < s && s < s32)
-                return Region.Region3;
-        }
-        else if (s13 < s && s < s32) {
-            return Region.Region3;
-        }
-        if (s32 <= s && s <= s25)
-            return Region.Region2;
-        if (s25 < s && p <= C.R5_P_MAX)
-            return Region.Region5;
-    }
-    return -1;
-}
-/** Extract enthalpy or entropy from a BasicProperties object. */
-function propertyOf(state, property) {
-    return property === 'enthalpy' ? state.enthalpy : state.entropy;
-}
-/** Check whether value lies within [min(a,b), max(a,b)] with relative tolerance. */
-function inRange(value, a, b) {
-    const tolerance = 1e-9 * Math.max(1, Math.abs(a), Math.abs(b), Math.abs(value));
-    return value >= Math.min(a, b) - tolerance && value <= Math.max(a, b) + tolerance;
-}
-/** Check approximate equality with relative tolerance. */
-function isClose(a, b) {
-    return Math.abs(a - b) <= 1e-9 * Math.max(1, Math.abs(a), Math.abs(b));
-}
-/**
- * Generic region detector for temperature + (enthalpy or entropy) inputs.
- *
- * Walks through the IAPWS-IF97 temperature ranges (Region 5 → supercritical →
- * sub-critical) and checks whether the given property value falls within each
- * region's bounds at the specified temperature.
- *
- * @param T        - Temperature [K]
- * @param value    - Specific enthalpy [kJ/kg] or specific entropy [kJ/(kg·K)]
- * @param property - Which property `value` represents
- * @returns Region number (1–5) or -1 if out of range
- */
-function detectRegionByTemperatureProperty(T, value, property) {
-    if (T < C.T_MIN || T > C.T_MAX) {
-        return -1;
-    }
-    if (T > C.R5_T_MIN) {
-        return inRange(value, propertyOf(region5(C.P_MIN, T), property), propertyOf(region5(C.R5_P_MAX, T), property))
-            ? Region.Region5
-            : -1;
-    }
-    if (T > C.B23_T_MAX) {
-        return inRange(value, propertyOf(region2(C.P_MIN, T), property), propertyOf(region2(C.P_MAX, T), property))
-            ? Region.Region2
-            : -1;
-    }
-    if (T >= C.Tc) {
-        const p23 = boundary23_T_to_P(T);
-        if (inRange(value, propertyOf(region2(C.P_MIN, T), property), propertyOf(region2(p23, T), property))) {
-            return Region.Region2;
-        }
-        return inRange(value, propertyOf(solveRegion3PTBasic(p23, T), property), propertyOf(solveRegion3PTBasic(C.P_MAX, T), property))
-            ? Region.Region3
-            : -1;
-    }
-    const endpoints = saturationEndpointsAtTemperature(T);
-    const liquidProperty = propertyOf(endpoints.liquid, property);
-    const vaporProperty = propertyOf(endpoints.vapor, property);
-    if (T < C.Tt) {
-        if (inRange(value, liquidProperty, propertyOf(region1(C.P_MAX, T), property))) {
-            return Region.Region1;
-        }
-        return inRange(value, vaporProperty, propertyOf(region2(C.P_MIN, T), property))
-            ? Region.Region2
-            : -1;
-    }
-    if (inRange(value, liquidProperty, vaporProperty)) {
-        return Region.Region4;
-    }
-    if (T <= C.R2_T_MIN && inRange(value, liquidProperty, propertyOf(region1(C.P_MAX, T), property))) {
-        return Region.Region1;
-    }
-    if (T > C.R2_T_MIN && inRange(value, liquidProperty, propertyOf(solveRegion3PTBasic(C.P_MAX, T), property))) {
-        return Region.Region3;
-    }
-    return inRange(value, vaporProperty, propertyOf(region2(C.P_MIN, T), property))
-        ? Region.Region2
-        : -1;
-}
-/**
- * Detect the IAPWS-IF97 region for given T and H.
- *
- * Uses explicit enthalpy comparisons (including saturation-boundary proximity
- * checks via `isClose`) rather than the generic helper, because enthalpy is
- * not monotonic across regions at some temperatures.
- *
- * @param T - Temperature [K]
- * @param h - Specific enthalpy [kJ/kg]
- * @returns Region number (1–5) or -1 if out of range
- */
-export function detectRegionTH(T, h) {
-    if (T < C.T_MIN || T > C.T_MAX) {
-        return -1;
-    }
-    if (T > C.R5_T_MIN) {
-        return inRange(h, region5(C.P_MIN, T).enthalpy, region5(C.R5_P_MAX, T).enthalpy)
-            ? Region.Region5
-            : -1;
-    }
-    if (T > C.B23_T_MAX) {
-        return inRange(h, region2(C.P_MIN, T).enthalpy, region2(C.P_MAX, T).enthalpy)
-            ? Region.Region2
-            : -1;
-    }
-    if (T >= C.Tc) {
-        const p23 = boundary23_T_to_P(T);
-        if (inRange(h, region2(C.P_MIN, T).enthalpy, region2(p23, T).enthalpy)) {
-            return Region.Region2;
-        }
-        return inRange(h, solveRegion3PTBasic(p23, T).enthalpy, solveRegion3PTBasic(C.P_MAX, T).enthalpy)
-            ? Region.Region3
-            : -1;
-    }
-    const endpoints = saturationEndpointsAtTemperature(T);
-    const hf = endpoints.liquid.enthalpy;
-    const hg = endpoints.vapor.enthalpy;
-    if (T < C.Tt) {
-        if (inRange(h, hf, region1(C.P_MAX, T).enthalpy)) {
-            return Region.Region1;
-        }
-        return inRange(h, hg, region2(C.P_MIN, T).enthalpy)
-            ? Region.Region2
-            : -1;
-    }
-    // Exact saturation boundary: snap to Region 4 immediately.
-    if (isClose(h, hf) || isClose(h, hg)) {
-        return Region.Region4;
-    }
-    // Compressed liquid / supercritical fluid checks MUST come before the
-    // general two-phase dome check. Compressed liquid enthalpy is slightly
-    // above hf, so it falls within [hf, hg] — checking R4 first would
-    // misclassify compressed liquid states.
-    //
-    // For T > 623.15 K (near Tc), enthalpy decreases with pressure in R3,
-    // so the R3 range [h_R3_max, hf] does NOT overlap the dome [hf, hg],
-    // and the R4 fallback below correctly catches two-phase states.
-    if (T <= C.R2_T_MIN && inRange(h, hf, region1(C.P_MAX, T).enthalpy)) {
-        return Region.Region1;
-    }
-    if (T > C.R2_T_MIN && inRange(h, hf, solveRegion3PTBasic(C.P_MAX, T).enthalpy)) {
-        return Region.Region3;
-    }
-    // Remaining enthalpy values in the dome are two-phase.
-    if (inRange(h, hf, hg)) {
-        return Region.Region4;
-    }
-    return inRange(h, hg, region2(C.P_MIN, T).enthalpy)
-        ? Region.Region2
-        : -1;
-}
-/**
- * Detect the IAPWS-IF97 region for given T and S.
- *
- * Delegates to the generic temperature-property detector since entropy
- * is monotonic across regions at fixed temperature.
- *
- * @param T - Temperature [K]
- * @param s - Specific entropy [kJ/(kg·K)]
- * @returns Region number (1–5) or -1 if out of range
- */
-export function detectRegionTS(T, s) {
-    return detectRegionByTemperatureProperty(T, s, 'entropy');
-}
-// ─── H-S Boundary Helper Functions ──────────────────────────────────────────
-// From IAPWS Supplementary Release on backward equations p(h,s)
-/**
- * Saturated liquid enthalpy boundary for Region 1 (Eq. 3).
- * h'_1(s)
- */
-function h1Sat(s) {
-    const TABLE = [
-        [0, 14, 0.332171191705237], [0, 36, 6.11217706323497e-4], [1, 3, -8.82092478906822],
-        [1, 16, -0.45562819254325], [2, 0, -2.63483840850452e-5], [2, 5, -22.3949661148062],
-        [3, 4, -4.28398660164013], [3, 36, -0.616679338856916], [4, 4, -14.68230311044],
-        [4, 16, 284.523138727299], [4, 24, -113.398503195444], [5, 18, 1156.71380760859],
-        [5, 24, 395.551267359325], [7, 1, -1.54891257229285], [8, 4, 19.4486637751291],
-        [12, 2, -3.57915139457043], [12, 4, -3.35369414148819], [14, 1, -0.66442679633246],
-        [14, 22, 32332.1885383934], [16, 10, 3317.66744667084], [20, 12, -22350.1257931087],
-        [20, 28, 5739538.75852936], [22, 8, 173.226193407919], [24, 3, -0.0363968822121321],
-        [28, 0, 8.34596332878346e-7], [32, 6, 5.03611916682674], [32, 8, 65.5444787064505],
-    ];
-    const sig = s / 3.8;
-    let h = 0;
-    for (const [I, J, N] of TABLE) {
-        h += N * Math.pow(sig - 1.09, I) * Math.pow(sig + 0.0000366, J);
-    }
-    return 1700 * h;
-}
-/**
- * Region 1 upper enthalpy bound at 100 MPa for a given entropy.
- * This closes the low-entropy infeasible gap where using the global
- * Region 1 enthalpy maximum would admit impossible h-s pairs.
- */
-function h1UpperBoundAtPmax(s) {
-    let cachedTemperature = Number.NaN;
-    let cachedState = null;
-    const stateAt = (T) => {
-        if (T !== cachedTemperature || cachedState === null) {
-            cachedTemperature = T;
-            cachedState = region1(C.P_MAX, T);
-        }
-        return cachedState;
-    };
-    const temperature = bracketedNewton((T) => stateAt(T).entropy - s, C.T_MIN, C.R2_T_MIN, 350, { derivative: (T) => (stateAt(T).cp ?? Number.NaN) / T });
-    return stateAt(temperature).enthalpy;
-}
-/**
- * Region 1 / Region 3 boundary enthalpy (Eq. 1, B13).
- * h_13(s)
- */
-function h13Boundary(s) {
-    const TABLE = [
-        [0, 0, 0.913965547600543], [1, -2, -0.0000430944856041991], [1, 2, 60.3235694765419],
-        [3, -12, 1.17518273082168e-18], [5, -4, 0.220000904781292], [6, -3, -69.0815545851641],
-    ];
-    const sig = s / 3.8;
-    let h = 0;
-    for (const [I, J, N] of TABLE) {
-        h += N * Math.pow(sig - 0.884, I) * Math.pow(sig - 0.864, J);
-    }
-    return 1700 * h;
-}
-/**
- * Region 3a / Region 4 saturation boundary (Eq. 4).
- * h'_3a(s)
- */
-function h3aSat(s) {
-    const TABLE = [
-        [0, 1, 0.822673364673336], [0, 4, 0.181977213534479], [0, 10, -0.0112000260313624],
-        [0, 16, -7.46778287048033e-4], [2, 1, -0.179046263257381], [3, 36, 0.0424220110836657],
-        [4, 3, -0.341355823438768], [4, 16, -2.09881740853565], [5, 20, -8.22477343323596],
-        [5, 36, -4.99684082076008], [6, 4, 0.191413958471069], [7, 2, 0.0581062241093136],
-        [7, 28, -1655.05498701029], [7, 32, 1588.70443421201], [10, 14, -85.0623535172818],
-        [10, 32, -31771.4386511207], [10, 36, -94589.0406632871], [32, 0, -1.3927384708869e-6],
-        [32, 6, 0.63105253224098],
-    ];
-    const sig = s / 3.8;
-    let h = 0;
-    for (const [I, J, N] of TABLE) {
-        h += N * Math.pow(sig - 1.09, I) * Math.pow(sig + 0.0000366, J);
-    }
-    return 1700 * h;
-}
-/**
- * Region 2ab / Region 4 saturation boundary (Eq. 5).
- * h"_2ab(s)
- */
-function h2abSat(s) {
-    const TABLE = [
-        [1, 8, -524.581170928788], [1, 24, -9269471.88142218], [2, 4, -237.385107491666],
-        [2, 32, 2.10770155812776e10], [4, 1, -23.9494562010986], [4, 2, 221.802480294197],
-        [7, 7, -5104725.33393438], [8, 5, 1249813.96109147], [8, 12, 2.00008436996201e9],
-        [10, 1, -815.158509791035], [12, 0, -157.612685637523], [12, 7, -1.14200422332791e10],
-        [18, 10, 6.62364680776872e15], [20, 12, -2.27622818296144e18], [24, 32, -1.71048081348406e31],
-        [28, 8, 6.60788766938091e15], [28, 12, 1.66320055886021e22], [28, 20, -2.18003784381501e29],
-        [28, 22, -7.87276140295618e29], [28, 24, 1.51062329700346e31], [32, 2, 7.95732170300541e6],
-        [32, 7, 1.31957647355347e15], [32, 12, -3.2509706829914e23], [32, 14, -4.18600611419248e25],
-        [32, 24, 2.97478906557467e34], [36, 10, -9.53588761745473e19], [36, 12, 1.66957699620939e24],
-        [36, 20, -1.75407764869978e32], [36, 22, 3.47581490626396e34], [36, 28, -7.10971318427851e38],
-    ];
-    const sig1 = s / 5.21;
-    const sig2 = s / 9.2;
-    let h = 0;
-    for (const [I, J, N] of TABLE) {
-        h += N * Math.pow(1 / sig1 - 0.513, I) * Math.pow(sig2 - 0.524, J);
-    }
-    return 2800 * Math.exp(h);
-}
-/**
- * Region 2c / Region 3b saturation boundary (Eq. 6).
- * h"_2c3b(s)
- */
-function h2c3bSat(s) {
-    const TABLE = [
-        [0, 0, 1.04351280732769], [0, 3, -2.27807912708513], [0, 4, 1.80535256723202],
-        [1, 0, 0.420440834792042], [1, 12, -1.0572124483466e5], [5, 36, 4.36911607493884e24],
-        [6, 12, -3.28032702839753e11], [7, 16, -6.7868676080427e15], [8, 2, 7.43957464645363e3],
-        [8, 20, -3.56896445355761e19], [12, 32, 1.67590585186801e31], [16, 36, -3.55028625419105e37],
-        [22, 2, 3.96611982166538e11], [22, 32, -4.14716268484468e40], [24, 7, 3.59080103867382e18],
-        [36, 20, -1.16994334851995e40],
-    ];
-    const sig = s / 5.9;
-    let h = 0;
-    for (const [I, J, N] of TABLE) {
-        h += N * Math.pow(sig - 1.02, I) * Math.pow(sig - 0.726, J);
-    }
-    return 2800 * h * h * h * h;
-}
-/**
- * Region 2/3 boundary temperature from h,s (Eq. 8).
- * T_B23(h,s)
- */
-function tB23hs(h, s) {
-    const TABLE = [
-        [-12, 10, 6.2909626082981e-4], [-10, 8, -8.23453502583165e-4], [-8, 3, 5.15446951519474e-8],
-        [-4, 4, -1.17565945784945], [-3, 3, 3.48519684726192], [-2, -6, -5.07837382408313e-12],
-        [-2, 2, -2.84637670005479], [-2, 3, -2.36092263939673], [-2, 4, 6.01492324973779],
-        [0, 0, 1.48039650824546], [1, -3, 3.60075182221907e-4], [1, -2, -1.26700045009952e-2],
-        [1, 10, -1.22184332521413e6], [3, -2, 1.49276502463272e-1], [3, -1, 6.98733471798484e-1],
-        [5, -5, -2.52207040114321e-2], [6, -6, 1.47151930985213e-2], [6, -3, -1.08618917681849],
-        [8, -8, -9.36875039816322e-4], [8, -2, 8.19877897570217e1], [8, -1, -1.82041861521835e2],
-        [12, -12, 2.61907376402688e-6], [12, -1, -2.91626417025961e4], [14, -12, 1.40660774926165e-5],
-        [14, 1, 7.83237062349385e6],
-    ];
-    const mu = h / 3000;
-    const sig = s / 5.3;
-    let T = 0;
-    for (const [I, J, N] of TABLE) {
-        T += N * Math.pow(mu - 0.727, I) * Math.pow(sig - 0.864, J);
-    }
-    return 900 * T;
-}
-/**
- * Backward equation P(h,s) for Region 2c (used for R2/R3 discrimination).
- */
-function backward2cPhs(h, s) {
-    const TABLE = [
-        [0, 0, 0.112225607199012], [0, 1, -3.39005953606712], [0, 2, -32.0503911730094],
-        [0, 3, -197.5973051049], [0, 4, -407.693861553446], [0, 8, 13294.3775222331],
-        [1, 0, 1.70846839774007], [1, 2, 37.3694198142245], [1, 5, 3581.44365815434],
-        [1, 8, 423014.446424664], [1, 14, -751071025.760063], [2, 2, 52.3446127607898],
-        [2, 3, -228.351290812417], [2, 7, -960652.417056937], [2, 10, -80705929.2526074],
-        [2, 18, 1626980172256.69], [3, 0, 0.772465073604171], [3, 5, 46392.9973837746],
-        [3, 8, -13731788.5134128], [3, 16, 1704703926305.12], [3, 18, -25110462818730.8],
-        [4, 18, 31774883083552.0], [5, 1, 53.8685623675312], [5, 4, -55308.9094625169],
-        [5, 6, -1028615.22421405], [5, 14, 2042494187562.34], [6, 8, 273918446.626977],
-        [6, 18, -2.63963146312685e15], [10, 7, -1078908541.08088], [12, 7, -29649262098.0124],
-        [16, 10, -1.11754907323424e15],
-    ];
-    const mu = h / 3500;
-    const sig = s / 5.9;
-    let P = 0;
-    for (const [I, J, N] of TABLE) {
-        P += N * Math.pow(mu - 0.7, I) * Math.pow(sig - 1.1, J);
-    }
-    return 100 * P * P * P * P;
-}
-const HS_R1_PMAX_623 = region1(C.P_MAX, C.R2_T_MIN);
-const HS_R1_B23_MIN = region1(C.B23_P_MIN, C.R2_T_MIN);
-const HS_R2_PMAX_TMAX = region2(C.P_MAX, C.R2_T_MAX);
-const HS_R2_PMIN_TMAX = region2(C.P_MIN, C.R2_T_MAX);
-const HS_R2_B23_MIN = region2(C.B23_P_MIN, C.R2_T_MIN);
-const HS_R2_B23_MAX = region2(C.P_MAX, C.B23_T_MAX);
-const HS_R2_R5_PMAX = region2(C.R5_P_MAX, C.R2_T_MAX);
-const HS_R5_LOWER = region5(C.R5_P_MAX, C.R5_T_MIN);
-const HS_R5_PMIN_TMIN = region5(C.P_MIN, C.R5_T_MIN);
-const HS_R5_UPPER = region5(C.P_MIN, C.R5_T_MAX);
-const HS_TRIPLE_POINT_ENDPOINTS = saturationEndpointsAtTemperature(C.Tt);
-const HS_TRIPLE_LIQUID = HS_TRIPLE_POINT_ENDPOINTS.liquid;
-const HS_TRIPLE_VAPOR = HS_TRIPLE_POINT_ENDPOINTS.vapor;
-const HS_S13 = HS_R1_PMAX_623.entropy;
-const HS_S13S = HS_R1_B23_MIN.entropy;
-const HS_S_TP_MAX = HS_R2_PMAX_TMAX.entropy;
-const HS_S2AB = region2(C.R2_P_CRT, C.R2_T_MAX).entropy;
-// Covers the 0.0073 kJ/kg maximum boundary-equation error reported by IAPWS.
-const HS_SATURATION_BOUNDARY_CONFIRMATION_BAND = 0.01;
-const HS_SATURATION_BOUNDARY_ENTHALPY_TOLERANCE = 1e-8;
-const HS_SATURATION_INVERSION_UPPER_T = C.Tc - C.REGION4_SUBCRITICAL_TEMPERATURE_MARGIN;
-function hSatLow(s) {
-    return HS_TRIPLE_LIQUID.enthalpy +
-        (s - HS_TRIPLE_LIQUID.entropy) /
-            (HS_TRIPLE_VAPOR.entropy - HS_TRIPLE_LIQUID.entropy) *
-            (HS_TRIPLE_VAPOR.enthalpy - HS_TRIPLE_LIQUID.enthalpy);
-}
-function phaseState(endpoints, phase) {
-    return phase === 'liquid' ? endpoints.liquid : endpoints.vapor;
-}
-/**
- * Invert one saturation endpoint's monotone entropy curve without scanning.
- * The Clapeyron relation supplies dp_sat/dT, and the Gibbs Maxwell relation
- * supplies the endpoint derivative along that curve.
- */
-function saturationBoundaryEnthalpyAtEntropy(s, phase) {
-    let lower = C.Tt;
-    let upper = HS_SATURATION_INVERSION_UPPER_T;
-    const tripleEntropy = phaseState(HS_TRIPLE_POINT_ENDPOINTS, phase).entropy;
-    const criticalEntropy = C.R3_S_CRT;
-    const fraction = phase === 'liquid'
-        ? (s - tripleEntropy) / (criticalEntropy - tripleEntropy)
-        : (tripleEntropy - s) / (tripleEntropy - criticalEntropy);
-    const boundedFraction = Math.max(0, Math.min(1, fraction));
-    let temperature = lower + boundedFraction * (upper - lower);
-    for (let iteration = 0; iteration < 12; iteration += 1) {
-        const endpoints = saturationEndpointsAtTemperature(temperature);
-        const state = phaseState(endpoints, phase);
-        const residual = state.entropy - s;
-        if (Math.abs(residual) <= 1e-12 * Math.max(1, Math.abs(s))) {
-            return state.enthalpy;
-        }
-        const residualIncreasesWithTemperature = phase === 'liquid';
-        if ((residual < 0) === residualIncreasesWithTemperature)
-            lower = temperature;
+export function nativeSaturationTemperatureBracket(p) {
+    let lower = C.T_MIN;
+    let upper = p > saturationPressure(C.R2_T_MIN) ? C.Tc : C.R2_T_MIN;
+    while (true) {
+        const middle = (lower + upper) / 2;
+        if (middle === lower || middle === upper)
+            break;
+        if (saturationPressure(middle) <= p)
+            lower = middle;
         else
-            upper = temperature;
-        if (upper - lower <= 10 * C.REGION4_TEMPERATURE_TOLERANCE) {
-            return state.enthalpy;
-        }
-        const entropySpan = endpoints.vapor.entropy - endpoints.liquid.entropy;
-        const volumeSpan = endpoints.vapor.specificVolume - endpoints.liquid.specificVolume;
-        const dpSatDT = entropySpan / (1000 * volumeSpan);
-        const cp = state.cp;
-        const alpha = state.isobaricExpansion;
-        const derivative = cp === null || alpha === null
-            ? Number.NaN
-            : cp / temperature - 1000 * state.specificVolume * alpha * dpSatDT;
-        const candidate = temperature - residual / derivative;
-        temperature = Number.isFinite(candidate) && candidate > lower && candidate < upper
-            ? candidate
-            : (lower + upper) / 2;
-    }
-    return null;
-}
-/** Replace the supplementary polynomial only in its narrow error band. */
-function refinedSaturationBoundaryEnthalpy(h, s, approximateBoundaryH) {
-    if (Math.abs(h - approximateBoundaryH) > HS_SATURATION_BOUNDARY_CONFIRMATION_BAND) {
-        return approximateBoundaryH;
-    }
-    const phase = s <= C.R3_S_CRT ? 'liquid' : 'vapor';
-    let exactBoundaryH;
-    try {
-        exactBoundaryH = saturationBoundaryEnthalpyAtEntropy(s, phase);
-    }
-    catch (error) {
-        if (error instanceof IF97Error)
-            return approximateBoundaryH;
-        throw error;
-    }
-    return exactBoundaryH === null
-        ? approximateBoundaryH
-        : exactBoundaryH + HS_SATURATION_BOUNDARY_ENTHALPY_TOLERANCE;
-}
-function confirmedRegion4BoundaryState(h, s, approximateBoundaryH) {
-    if (Math.abs(h - approximateBoundaryH) > HS_SATURATION_BOUNDARY_CONFIRMATION_BAND) {
-        return null;
-    }
-    try {
-        return tryRegion4HSState(h, s) !== null;
-    }
-    catch (error) {
-        if (error instanceof IF97Error)
-            return false;
-        throw error;
-    }
-}
-function r2R5BoundaryEnthalpy(s, lowEntropy, highEntropy, stateAtPressure) {
-    if (s < lowEntropy || s > highEntropy)
-        return null;
-    let lower = C.P_MIN;
-    let upper = C.R5_P_MAX;
-    const fraction = (highEntropy - s) / (highEntropy - lowEntropy);
-    let p = Math.exp(Math.log(lower) + fraction * (Math.log(upper) - Math.log(lower)));
-    for (let iteration = 0; iteration < 12; iteration += 1) {
-        const state = stateAtPressure(p);
-        const residual = state.entropy - s;
-        if (Math.abs(residual) <= 1e-12 * Math.max(1, Math.abs(s))) {
-            return state.enthalpy;
-        }
-        if (residual > 0)
-            lower = p;
+            upper = middle;
+    }
+    return [lower, upper];
+}
+/** Invert the native B23 boundary; rounded Eq. (6) cannot determine PT ownership. */
+export function nativeB23TemperatureBracket(p) {
+    let lower = C.R2_T_MIN;
+    let upper = C.B23_T_MAX;
+    while (true) {
+        const middle = (lower + upper) / 2;
+        if (middle === lower || middle === upper)
+            break;
+        if (boundary23_T_to_P(middle) <= p)
+            lower = middle;
         else
-            upper = p;
-        const alpha = state.isobaricExpansion;
-        const derivative = alpha === null ? Number.NaN : -1000 * state.specificVolume * alpha;
-        const candidate = p - residual / derivative;
-        p = Number.isFinite(candidate) && candidate > lower && candidate < upper
-            ? candidate
-            : (lower + upper) / 2;
-    }
-    return stateAtPressure(p).enthalpy;
-}
-function classifyRegion5HS(h, s) {
-    if (!(HS_R5_LOWER.entropy < s && s <= HS_R5_UPPER.entropy &&
-        HS_R5_LOWER.enthalpy < h && h <= HS_R5_UPPER.enthalpy)) {
-        return null;
-    }
-    const region2BoundaryH = r2R5BoundaryEnthalpy(s, HS_R2_R5_PMAX.entropy, HS_R2_PMIN_TMAX.entropy, (p) => region2(p, C.R2_T_MAX));
-    const region5BoundaryH = r2R5BoundaryEnthalpy(s, HS_R5_LOWER.entropy, HS_R5_PMIN_TMIN.entropy, (p) => region5(p, C.R5_T_MIN));
-    if (region2BoundaryH === null) {
-        return region5BoundaryH === null || h > region5BoundaryH
-            ? Region.Region5
-            : null;
-    }
-    if (region5BoundaryH === null) {
-        return h > region2BoundaryH ? Region.Region5 : null;
-    }
-    const tolerance = 1e-10 * Math.max(1, Math.abs(h), Math.abs(region2BoundaryH), Math.abs(region5BoundaryH));
-    if (region5BoundaryH > region2BoundaryH + tolerance) {
-        if (h > region5BoundaryH + tolerance)
-            return Region.Region5;
-        if (h > region2BoundaryH + tolerance)
-            return -1;
-        return null;
-    }
-    if (region2BoundaryH > region5BoundaryH + tolerance) {
-        if (h > region2BoundaryH + tolerance)
-            return Region.Region5;
-        if (h <= region5BoundaryH + tolerance)
-            return null;
-        // The independently fitted Region 2 and 5 equations overlap slightly at
-        // 1073.15 K. H-S is non-unique there; choose the branch nearest its seam.
-        return h <= (region2BoundaryH + region5BoundaryH) / 2
-            ? Region.Region5
-            : null;
-    }
-    return h > region2BoundaryH + tolerance ? Region.Region5 : null;
-}
-/**
- * Detect the IAPWS-IF97 region for given H and S.
- * Implements the zone-based detection from the IAPWS supplementary release.
- *
- * @param h - Specific enthalpy [kJ/kg]
- * @param s - Specific entropy [kJ/(kg·K)]
- * @returns Region number (1–5) or -1 if out of range
- */
-export function detectRegionHS(h, s) {
-    if (s >= HS_TRIPLE_LIQUID.entropy && s <= HS_TRIPLE_VAPOR.entropy &&
-        isClose(h, hSatLow(s))) {
-        return Region.Region4;
-    }
-    const highTemperatureRegion = classifyRegion5HS(h, s);
-    if (highTemperatureRegion !== null)
-        return highTemperatureRegion;
-    // Zone 1: smin <= s <= s13 (Region 1 / Region 4)
-    if (s >= HS_TRIPLE_LIQUID.entropy && s <= HS_S13) {
-        const hmin = hSatLow(s);
-        const hs = refinedSaturationBoundaryEnthalpy(h, s, h1Sat(s));
-        const hmax = h1UpperBoundAtPmax(s);
-        if (h >= hmin && h <= hs)
-            return Region.Region4;
-        if (h >= hs && h <= hmax)
-            return Region.Region1;
-    }
-    // Zone 2: s13 < s <= s13s (Region 1 / Region 3 / Region 4)
-    else if (s > HS_S13 && s <= HS_S13S) {
-        const hmin = hSatLow(s);
-        const hs = refinedSaturationBoundaryEnthalpy(h, s, h1Sat(s));
-        const h13 = h13Boundary(s);
-        const hmax = 2800; // Region 3 upper bound
-        if (h >= hmin && h <= hs)
-            return Region.Region4;
-        if (h >= hs && h < h13)
-            return Region.Region1;
-        if (h >= h13 && h <= hmax)
-            return Region.Region3;
-    }
-    // Zone 3: s13s < s <= R3_CRT_S (Region 3 / Region 4)
-    else if (s > HS_S13S && s <= C.R3_S_CRT) {
-        const hmin = hSatLow(s);
-        const hmax = 2800; // generous upper bound for R3
-        const hs = h3aSat(s);
-        const confirmedRegion4 = confirmedRegion4BoundaryState(h, s, hs);
-        if (confirmedRegion4 === true)
-            return Region.Region4;
-        if (confirmedRegion4 === false && h >= hmin && h <= hmax)
-            return Region.Region3;
-        if (h >= hmin && h <= hs)
-            return Region.Region4;
-        if (h >= hs && h <= hmax)
-            return Region.Region3;
+            upper = middle;
     }
-    // Zone 4: R3_CRT_S < s < B23_S_CURVE_MIN (Region 3 / Region 4)
-    else if (s > C.R3_S_CRT && s < C.B23_S_CURVE_MIN) {
-        const hmin = hSatLow(s);
-        const hmax = 2800; // generous upper bound for R3
-        const hs = h2c3bSat(s);
-        const confirmedRegion4 = confirmedRegion4BoundaryState(h, s, hs);
-        if (confirmedRegion4 === true)
-            return Region.Region4;
-        if (confirmedRegion4 === false && h >= hmin && h <= hmax)
-            return Region.Region3;
-        if (h >= hmin && h <= hs)
-            return Region.Region4;
-        if (h >= hs && h <= hmax)
-            return Region.Region3;
-    }
-    // Zone 5: B23_S_CURVE_MIN <= s < B23_S_CURVE_MAX (Region 2 / Region 3 / Region 4)
-    else if (s >= C.B23_S_CURVE_MIN && s < C.B23_S_CURVE_MAX) {
-        const hmin = hSatLow(s);
-        const hs = refinedSaturationBoundaryEnthalpy(h, s, h2c3bSat(s));
-        const h23max = HS_R2_B23_MAX.enthalpy;
-        const h23min = HS_R2_B23_MIN.enthalpy;
-        const hmax = HS_R2_PMAX_TMAX.enthalpy;
-        if (hmin <= h && h <= hs)
-            return Region.Region4;
-        if (hs <= h && h < h23min)
-            return Region.Region3;
-        if (h23min <= h && h < h23max) {
-            // Discriminate R2 vs R3 using B23 boundary
-            const Tb23 = tB23hs(h, s);
-            const Pb23 = boundary23_T_to_P(Tb23);
-            const Phs = backward2cPhs(h, s);
-            if (Phs <= Pb23)
-                return Region.Region2;
-            return Region.Region3;
-        }
-        if (h23max <= h && h <= hmax)
-            return Region.Region2;
-    }
-    // Zone 6: B23_S_CURVE_MAX <= s < R2_S_CRT (Region 2 / Region 4)
-    else if (s >= C.B23_S_CURVE_MAX && s < C.R2_S_CRT) {
-        const hmin = hSatLow(s);
-        const hs = refinedSaturationBoundaryEnthalpy(h, s, h2c3bSat(s));
-        const hmax = HS_R2_PMAX_TMAX.enthalpy;
-        if (hmin <= h && h <= hs)
-            return Region.Region4;
-        if (hs <= h && h <= hmax)
-            return Region.Region2;
-    }
-    // Zone 7: R2_S_CRT <= s < sTPmax (Region 2 / Region 4, use h2abSat)
-    else if (s >= C.R2_S_CRT && s < HS_S_TP_MAX) {
-        const hmin = hSatLow(s);
-        const hs = refinedSaturationBoundaryEnthalpy(h, s, h2abSat(s));
-        const hmax = HS_R2_PMAX_TMAX.enthalpy;
-        if (hmin <= h && h <= hs)
-            return Region.Region4;
-        if (hs <= h && h <= hmax)
-            return Region.Region2;
-    }
-    // Zone 8: sTPmax <= s < s2ab (Region 2 / Region 4)
-    else if (s >= HS_S_TP_MAX && s < HS_S2AB) {
-        const hmin = hSatLow(s);
-        const hs = refinedSaturationBoundaryEnthalpy(h, s, h2abSat(s));
-        const hmax = HS_R2_PMIN_TMAX.enthalpy;
-        if (hmin <= h && h <= hs)
-            return Region.Region4;
-        if (hs <= h && h <= hmax)
-            return Region.Region2;
-    }
-    // Zone 9: s2ab <= s < s4v (Region 2 / Region 4)
-    else if (s >= HS_S2AB && s < HS_TRIPLE_VAPOR.entropy) {
-        const hmin = hSatLow(s);
-        const hs = refinedSaturationBoundaryEnthalpy(h, s, h2abSat(s));
-        const hmax = HS_R2_PMIN_TMAX.enthalpy;
-        if (hmin <= h && h <= hs)
-            return Region.Region4;
-        if (hs <= h && h <= hmax)
-            return Region.Region2;
-    }
-    // Zone 10: s4v <= s <= smax (Region 2 only, superheated low-P)
-    else if (s >= HS_TRIPLE_VAPOR.entropy && s <= HS_R2_PMIN_TMAX.entropy) {
-        const hmin = HS_TRIPLE_VAPOR.enthalpy;
-        const hmax = HS_R2_PMIN_TMAX.enthalpy;
-        if (hmin <= h && h <= hmax)
-            return Region.Region2;
-    }
-    return -1;
+    return [lower, upper];
 }