data-structure-typed 1.47.5 → 1.47.6

package/dist/mjs/data-structures/binary-tree/bst.d.ts

@@ -5,8 +5,8 @@
  * @copyright Copyright (c) 2022 Tyler Zeng <zrwusa@gmail.com>
  * @license MIT License
  */
-import type { BSTNested, BSTNodeNested, BSTOptions, BTNCallback, BTNKey } from '../../types';
-import { CP, IterationType } from '../../types';
+import type { BSTNested, BSTNodeNested, BSTOptions, BTNCallback, BTNKey, Comparator } from '../../types';
+import { CP, IterableEntriesOrKeys, IterationType } from '../../types';
 import { BinaryTree, BinaryTreeNode } from './binary-tree';
 import { IBinaryTree } from '../../interfaces';
 export declare class BSTNode<V = any, N extends BSTNode<V, N> = BSTNodeNested<V>> extends BinaryTreeNode<V, N> {
@@ -34,18 +34,18 @@ export declare class BSTNode<V = any, N extends BSTNode<V, N> = BSTNodeNested<V>
     set right(v: N | undefined);
 }
 export declare class BST<V = any, N extends BSTNode<V, N> = BSTNode<V, BSTNodeNested<V>>, TREE extends BST<V, N, TREE> = BST<V, N, BSTNested<V, N>>> extends BinaryTree<V, N, TREE> implements IBinaryTree<V, N, TREE> {
-    options: BSTOptions;
     /**
      * The constructor function initializes a binary search tree with an optional comparator function.
      * @param {BSTOptions} [options] - An optional object that contains additional configuration options
      * for the binary search tree.
      */
-    constructor(options?: BSTOptions);
+    constructor(elements?: IterableEntriesOrKeys<V>, options?: Partial<BSTOptions>);
     protected _root?: N;
     /**
      * Get the root node of the binary tree.
      */
     get root(): N | undefined;
+    comparator: Comparator<BTNKey>;
     /**
      * The function creates a new binary search tree node with the given key and value.
      * @param {BTNKey} key - The key parameter is the key value that will be associated with
@@ -55,11 +55,7 @@ export declare class BST<V = any, N extends BSTNode<V, N> = BSTNode<V, BSTNodeNe
      * @returns a new instance of the BSTNode class with the specified key and value.
      */
     createNode(key: BTNKey, value?: V): N;
-    createTree(options?: BSTOptions): TREE;
-    /**
-     * Time Complexity: O(log n) - Average case for a balanced tree. In the worst case (unbalanced tree), it can be O(n).
-     * Space Complexity: O(1) - Constant space is used.
-     */
+    createTree(options?: Partial<BSTOptions>): TREE;
     /**
      * Time Complexity: O(log n) - Average case for a balanced tree. In the worst case (unbalanced tree), it can be O(n).
      * Space Complexity: O(1) - Constant space is used.
@@ -74,8 +70,8 @@ export declare class BST<V = any, N extends BSTNode<V, N> = BSTNode<V, BSTNodeNe
      */
     add(keyOrNode: BTNKey | N | null | undefined, value?: V): N | undefined;
     /**
-     * Time Complexity: O(n log n) - Adding each element individually in a balanced tree.
-     * Space Complexity: O(n) - Additional space is required for the sorted array.
+     * Time Complexity: O(log n) - Average case for a balanced tree. In the worst case (unbalanced tree), it can be O(n).
+     * Space Complexity: O(1) - Constant space is used.
      */
     /**
      * Time Complexity: O(n log n) - Adding each element individually in a balanced tree.
@@ -97,10 +93,10 @@ export declare class BST<V = any, N extends BSTNode<V, N> = BSTNode<V, BSTNodeNe
      * current instance of the binary search tree
      * @returns The function `addMany` returns an array of nodes (`N`) or `undefined` values.
      */
-    addMany(keysOrNodes: (BTNKey | N | undefined)[], data?: (V | undefined)[], isBalanceAdd?: boolean, iterationType?: IterationType | undefined): (N | undefined)[];
+    addMany(keysOrNodes: (BTNKey | N | undefined)[], data?: (V | undefined)[], isBalanceAdd?: boolean, iterationType?: IterationType): (N | undefined)[];
     /**
-     * Time Complexity: O(log n) - Average case for a balanced tree.
-     * Space Complexity: O(1) - Constant space is used.
+     * Time Complexity: O(n log n) - Adding each element individually in a balanced tree.
+     * Space Complexity: O(n) - Additional space is required for the sorted array.
      */
     /**
      * Time Complexity: O(log n) - Average case for a balanced tree.
@@ -117,10 +113,10 @@ export declare class BST<V = any, N extends BSTNode<V, N> = BSTNode<V, BSTNodeNe
      * the key of the leftmost node if the comparison result is greater than, and the key of the
      * rightmost node otherwise. If no node is found, it returns 0.
      */
-    lastKey(beginRoot?: BTNKey | N | undefined, iterationType?: IterationType | undefined): BTNKey;
+    lastKey(beginRoot?: BTNKey | N | undefined, iterationType?: IterationType): BTNKey;
     /**
      * Time Complexity: O(log n) - Average case for a balanced tree.
-     * Space Complexity: O(log n) - Space for the recursive call stack in the worst case.
+     * Space Complexity: O(1) - Constant space is used.
      */
     /**
      * Time Complexity: O(log n) - Average case for a balanced tree.
@@ -137,6 +133,10 @@ export declare class BST<V = any, N extends BSTNode<V, N> = BSTNode<V, BSTNodeNe
      * found in the binary tree. If no node is found, it returns `undefined`.
      */
     getNodeByKey(key: BTNKey, iterationType?: IterationType): N | undefined;
+    /**
+     * Time Complexity: O(log n) - Average case for a balanced tree.
+     * Space Complexity: O(log n) - Space for the recursive call stack in the worst case.
+     */
     /**
      * The function `ensureNotKey` returns the node corresponding to the given key if it is a node key,
      * otherwise it returns the key itself.
@@ -147,10 +147,6 @@ export declare class BST<V = any, N extends BSTNode<V, N> = BSTNode<V, BSTNodeNe
      * @returns either a node object (N) or undefined.
      */
     ensureNotKey(key: BTNKey | N | undefined, iterationType?: IterationType): N | undefined;
-    /**
-     * Time Complexity: O(log n) - Average case for a balanced tree. O(n) - Visiting each node once when identifier is not node's key.
-     * Space Complexity: O(log n) - Space for the recursive call stack in the worst case.
-     */
     /**
      * Time Complexity: O(log n) - Average case for a balanced tree. O(n) - Visiting each node once when identifier is not node's key.
      * Space Complexity: O(log n) - Space for the recursive call stack in the worst case.
@@ -174,7 +170,7 @@ export declare class BST<V = any, N extends BSTNode<V, N> = BSTNode<V, BSTNodeNe
      * performed on the binary tree. It can have two possible values:
      * @returns The method returns an array of nodes (`N[]`).
      */
-    getNodes<C extends BTNCallback<N>>(identifier: ReturnType<C> | undefined, callback?: C, onlyOne?: boolean, beginRoot?: BTNKey | N | undefined, iterationType?: IterationType | undefined): N[];
+    getNodes<C extends BTNCallback<N>>(identifier: ReturnType<C> | undefined, callback?: C, onlyOne?: boolean, beginRoot?: BTNKey | N | undefined, iterationType?: IterationType): N[];
     /**
      * Time Complexity: O(log n) - Average case for a balanced tree. O(n) - Visiting each node once when identifier is not node's key.
      * Space Complexity: O(log n) - Space for the recursive call stack in the worst case.
@@ -200,19 +196,10 @@ export declare class BST<V = any, N extends BSTNode<V, N> = BSTNode<V, BSTNodeNe
      * @returns The function `lesserOrGreaterTraverse` returns an array of values of type
      * `ReturnType<C>`, which is the return type of the callback function passed as an argument.
      */
-    lesserOrGreaterTraverse<C extends BTNCallback<N>>(callback?: C, lesserOrGreater?: CP, targetNode?: BTNKey | N | undefined, iterationType?: IterationType | undefined): ReturnType<C>[];
-    /**
-     * Balancing Adjustment:
-     * Perfectly Balanced Binary Tree: Since the balance of a perfectly balanced binary tree is already fixed, no additional balancing adjustment is needed. Any insertion or deletion operation will disrupt the perfect balance, often requiring a complete reconstruction of the tree.
-     * AVL Tree: After insertion or deletion operations, an AVL tree performs rotation adjustments based on the balance factor of nodes to restore the tree's balance. These rotations can be left rotations, right rotations, left-right rotations, or right-left rotations, performed as needed.
-     *
-     * Use Cases and Efficiency:
-     * Perfectly Balanced Binary Tree: Perfectly balanced binary trees are typically used in specific scenarios such as complete binary heaps in heap sort or certain types of Huffman trees. However, they are not suitable for dynamic operations requiring frequent insertions and deletions, as these operations often necessitate full tree reconstruction.
-     * AVL Tree: AVL trees are well-suited for scenarios involving frequent searching, insertion, and deletion operations. Through rotation adjustments, AVL trees maintain their balance, ensuring average and worst-case time complexity of O(log n).
-     */
+    lesserOrGreaterTraverse<C extends BTNCallback<N>>(callback?: C, lesserOrGreater?: CP, targetNode?: BTNKey | N | undefined, iterationType?: IterationType): ReturnType<C>[];
     /**
-     * Time Complexity: O(n) - Building a balanced tree from a sorted array.
-     * Space Complexity: O(n) - Additional space is required for the sorted array.
+     * Time Complexity: O(log n) - Average case for a balanced tree. O(n) - Visiting each node once when identifier is not node's key.
+     * Space Complexity: O(log n) - Space for the recursive call stack in the worst case.
      */
     /**
      * Time Complexity: O(n) - Building a balanced tree from a sorted array.
@@ -225,10 +212,19 @@ export declare class BST<V = any, N extends BSTNode<V, N> = BSTNode<V, BSTNodeNe
      * values:
      * @returns The function `perfectlyBalance` returns a boolean value.
      */
-    perfectlyBalance(iterationType?: IterationType | undefined): boolean;
+    perfectlyBalance(iterationType?: IterationType): boolean;
     /**
-     * Time Complexity: O(n) - Visiting each node once.
-     * Space Complexity: O(log n) - Space for the recursive call stack in the worst case.
+     * Balancing Adjustment:
+     * Perfectly Balanced Binary Tree: Since the balance of a perfectly balanced binary tree is already fixed, no additional balancing adjustment is needed. Any insertion or deletion operation will disrupt the perfect balance, often requiring a complete reconstruction of the tree.
+     * AVL Tree: After insertion or deletion operations, an AVL tree performs rotation adjustments based on the balance factor of nodes to restore the tree's balance. These rotations can be left rotations, right rotations, left-right rotations, or right-left rotations, performed as needed.
+     *
+     * Use Cases and Efficiency:
+     * Perfectly Balanced Binary Tree: Perfectly balanced binary trees are typically used in specific scenarios such as complete binary heaps in heap sort or certain types of Huffman trees. However, they are not suitable for dynamic operations requiring frequent insertions and deletions, as these operations often necessitate full tree reconstruction.
+     * AVL Tree: AVL trees are well-suited for scenarios involving frequent searching, insertion, and deletion operations. Through rotation adjustments, AVL trees maintain their balance, ensuring average and worst-case time complexity of O(log n).
+     */
+    /**
+     * Time Complexity: O(n) - Building a balanced tree from a sorted array.
+     * Space Complexity: O(n) - Additional space is required for the sorted array.
      */
     /**
      * Time Complexity: O(n) - Visiting each node once.
@@ -239,7 +235,12 @@ export declare class BST<V = any, N extends BSTNode<V, N> = BSTNode<V, BSTNodeNe
      * to check if the AVL tree is balanced. It can have two possible values:
      * @returns a boolean value.
      */
-    isAVLBalanced(iterationType?: IterationType | undefined): boolean;
+    isAVLBalanced(iterationType?: IterationType): boolean;
+    /**
+     * Time Complexity: O(n) - Visiting each node once.
+     * Space Complexity: O(log n) - Space for the recursive call stack in the worst case.
+     */
+    init(elements: IterableEntriesOrKeys<V>): void;
     protected _setRoot(v: N | undefined): void;
     /**
      * The function compares two values using a comparator function and returns whether the first value

package/dist/mjs/data-structures/binary-tree/bst.js

@@ -45,21 +45,22 @@ export class BSTNode extends BinaryTreeNode {
     }
 }
 export class BST extends BinaryTree {
-    options;
     /**
      * The constructor function initializes a binary search tree with an optional comparator function.
      * @param {BSTOptions} [options] - An optional object that contains additional configuration options
      * for the binary search tree.
      */
-    constructor(options) {
-        super(options);
+    constructor(elements, options) {
+        super([], options);
         if (options) {
-            this.options = { iterationType: IterationType.ITERATIVE, comparator: (a, b) => a - b, ...options };
-        }
-        else {
-            this.options = { iterationType: IterationType.ITERATIVE, comparator: (a, b) => a - b };
+            const { comparator } = options;
+            if (comparator) {
+                this.comparator = comparator;
+            }
         }
         this._root = undefined;
+        if (elements)
+            this.init(elements);
     }
     _root;
     /**
@@ -68,6 +69,7 @@ export class BST extends BinaryTree {
     get root() {
         return this._root;
     }
+    comparator = (a, b) => a - b;
     /**
      * The function creates a new binary search tree node with the given key and value.
      * @param {BTNKey} key - The key parameter is the key value that will be associated with
@@ -80,12 +82,11 @@ export class BST extends BinaryTree {
         return new BSTNode(key, value);
     }
     createTree(options) {
-        return new BST({ ...this.options, ...options });
+        return new BST([], {
+            iterationType: this.iterationType,
+            comparator: this.comparator, ...options
+        });
     }
-    /**
-     * Time Complexity: O(log n) - Average case for a balanced tree. In the worst case (unbalanced tree), it can be O(n).
-     * Space Complexity: O(1) - Constant space is used.
-     */
     /**
      * Time Complexity: O(log n) - Average case for a balanced tree. In the worst case (unbalanced tree), it can be O(n).
      * Space Complexity: O(1) - Constant space is used.
@@ -176,8 +177,8 @@ export class BST extends BinaryTree {
         return inserted;
     }
     /**
-     * Time Complexity: O(n log n) - Adding each element individually in a balanced tree.
-     * Space Complexity: O(n) - Additional space is required for the sorted array.
+     * Time Complexity: O(log n) - Average case for a balanced tree. In the worst case (unbalanced tree), it can be O(n).
+     * Space Complexity: O(1) - Constant space is used.
      */
     /**
      * Time Complexity: O(n log n) - Adding each element individually in a balanced tree.
@@ -199,7 +200,7 @@ export class BST extends BinaryTree {
      * current instance of the binary search tree
      * @returns The function `addMany` returns an array of nodes (`N`) or `undefined` values.
      */
-    addMany(keysOrNodes, data, isBalanceAdd = true, iterationType = this.options.iterationType) {
+    addMany(keysOrNodes, data, isBalanceAdd = true, iterationType = this.iterationType) {
         // TODO this addMany function is inefficient, it should be optimized
         function hasNoUndefined(arr) {
             return arr.indexOf(undefined) === -1;
@@ -269,8 +270,8 @@ export class BST extends BinaryTree {
         return inserted;
     }
     /**
-     * Time Complexity: O(log n) - Average case for a balanced tree.
-     * Space Complexity: O(1) - Constant space is used.
+     * Time Complexity: O(n log n) - Adding each element individually in a balanced tree.
+     * Space Complexity: O(n) - Additional space is required for the sorted array.
      */
     /**
      * Time Complexity: O(log n) - Average case for a balanced tree.
@@ -287,7 +288,7 @@ export class BST extends BinaryTree {
      * the key of the leftmost node if the comparison result is greater than, and the key of the
      * rightmost node otherwise. If no node is found, it returns 0.
      */
-    lastKey(beginRoot = this.root, iterationType = this.options.iterationType) {
+    lastKey(beginRoot = this.root, iterationType = this.iterationType) {
         if (this._compare(0, 1) === CP.lt)
             return this.getRightMost(beginRoot, iterationType)?.key ?? 0;
         else if (this._compare(0, 1) === CP.gt)
@@ -297,7 +298,7 @@ export class BST extends BinaryTree {
     }
     /**
      * Time Complexity: O(log n) - Average case for a balanced tree.
-     * Space Complexity: O(log n) - Space for the recursive call stack in the worst case.
+     * Space Complexity: O(1) - Constant space is used.
      */
     /**
      * Time Complexity: O(log n) - Average case for a balanced tree.
@@ -344,6 +345,10 @@ export class BST extends BinaryTree {
             }
         }
     }
+    /**
+     * Time Complexity: O(log n) - Average case for a balanced tree.
+     * Space Complexity: O(log n) - Space for the recursive call stack in the worst case.
+     */
     /**
      * The function `ensureNotKey` returns the node corresponding to the given key if it is a node key,
      * otherwise it returns the key itself.
@@ -356,10 +361,6 @@ export class BST extends BinaryTree {
     ensureNotKey(key, iterationType = IterationType.ITERATIVE) {
         return this.isNodeKey(key) ? this.getNodeByKey(key, iterationType) : key;
     }
-    /**
-     * Time Complexity: O(log n) - Average case for a balanced tree. O(n) - Visiting each node once when identifier is not node's key.
-     * Space Complexity: O(log n) - Space for the recursive call stack in the worst case.
-     */
     /**
      * Time Complexity: O(log n) - Average case for a balanced tree. O(n) - Visiting each node once when identifier is not node's key.
      * Space Complexity: O(log n) - Space for the recursive call stack in the worst case.
@@ -383,7 +384,7 @@ export class BST extends BinaryTree {
      * performed on the binary tree. It can have two possible values:
      * @returns The method returns an array of nodes (`N[]`).
      */
-    getNodes(identifier, callback = this._defaultOneParamCallback, onlyOne = false, beginRoot = this.root, iterationType = this.options.iterationType) {
+    getNodes(identifier, callback = this._defaultOneParamCallback, onlyOne = false, beginRoot = this.root, iterationType = this.iterationType) {
         beginRoot = this.ensureNotKey(beginRoot);
         if (!beginRoot)
             return [];
@@ -464,7 +465,7 @@ export class BST extends BinaryTree {
      * @returns The function `lesserOrGreaterTraverse` returns an array of values of type
      * `ReturnType<C>`, which is the return type of the callback function passed as an argument.
      */
-    lesserOrGreaterTraverse(callback = this._defaultOneParamCallback, lesserOrGreater = CP.lt, targetNode = this.root, iterationType = this.options.iterationType) {
+    lesserOrGreaterTraverse(callback = this._defaultOneParamCallback, lesserOrGreater = CP.lt, targetNode = this.root, iterationType = this.iterationType) {
         targetNode = this.ensureNotKey(targetNode);
         const ans = [];
         if (!targetNode)
@@ -505,17 +506,8 @@ export class BST extends BinaryTree {
         }
     }
     /**
-     * Balancing Adjustment:
-     * Perfectly Balanced Binary Tree: Since the balance of a perfectly balanced binary tree is already fixed, no additional balancing adjustment is needed. Any insertion or deletion operation will disrupt the perfect balance, often requiring a complete reconstruction of the tree.
-     * AVL Tree: After insertion or deletion operations, an AVL tree performs rotation adjustments based on the balance factor of nodes to restore the tree's balance. These rotations can be left rotations, right rotations, left-right rotations, or right-left rotations, performed as needed.
-     *
-     * Use Cases and Efficiency:
-     * Perfectly Balanced Binary Tree: Perfectly balanced binary trees are typically used in specific scenarios such as complete binary heaps in heap sort or certain types of Huffman trees. However, they are not suitable for dynamic operations requiring frequent insertions and deletions, as these operations often necessitate full tree reconstruction.
-     * AVL Tree: AVL trees are well-suited for scenarios involving frequent searching, insertion, and deletion operations. Through rotation adjustments, AVL trees maintain their balance, ensuring average and worst-case time complexity of O(log n).
-     */
-    /**
-     * Time Complexity: O(n) - Building a balanced tree from a sorted array.
-     * Space Complexity: O(n) - Additional space is required for the sorted array.
+     * Time Complexity: O(log n) - Average case for a balanced tree. O(n) - Visiting each node once when identifier is not node's key.
+     * Space Complexity: O(log n) - Space for the recursive call stack in the worst case.
      */
     /**
      * Time Complexity: O(n) - Building a balanced tree from a sorted array.
@@ -528,7 +520,7 @@ export class BST extends BinaryTree {
      * values:
      * @returns The function `perfectlyBalance` returns a boolean value.
      */
-    perfectlyBalance(iterationType = this.options.iterationType) {
+    perfectlyBalance(iterationType = this.iterationType) {
         const sorted = this.dfs(node => node, 'in'), n = sorted.length;
         this.clear();
         if (sorted.length < 1)
@@ -566,8 +558,17 @@ export class BST extends BinaryTree {
         }
     }
     /**
-     * Time Complexity: O(n) - Visiting each node once.
-     * Space Complexity: O(log n) - Space for the recursive call stack in the worst case.
+     * Balancing Adjustment:
+     * Perfectly Balanced Binary Tree: Since the balance of a perfectly balanced binary tree is already fixed, no additional balancing adjustment is needed. Any insertion or deletion operation will disrupt the perfect balance, often requiring a complete reconstruction of the tree.
+     * AVL Tree: After insertion or deletion operations, an AVL tree performs rotation adjustments based on the balance factor of nodes to restore the tree's balance. These rotations can be left rotations, right rotations, left-right rotations, or right-left rotations, performed as needed.
+     *
+     * Use Cases and Efficiency:
+     * Perfectly Balanced Binary Tree: Perfectly balanced binary trees are typically used in specific scenarios such as complete binary heaps in heap sort or certain types of Huffman trees. However, they are not suitable for dynamic operations requiring frequent insertions and deletions, as these operations often necessitate full tree reconstruction.
+     * AVL Tree: AVL trees are well-suited for scenarios involving frequent searching, insertion, and deletion operations. Through rotation adjustments, AVL trees maintain their balance, ensuring average and worst-case time complexity of O(log n).
+     */
+    /**
+     * Time Complexity: O(n) - Building a balanced tree from a sorted array.
+     * Space Complexity: O(n) - Additional space is required for the sorted array.
      */
     /**
      * Time Complexity: O(n) - Visiting each node once.
@@ -578,7 +579,7 @@ export class BST extends BinaryTree {
      * to check if the AVL tree is balanced. It can have two possible values:
      * @returns a boolean value.
      */
-    isAVLBalanced(iterationType = this.options.iterationType) {
+    isAVLBalanced(iterationType = this.iterationType) {
         if (!this.root)
             return true;
         let balanced = true;
@@ -623,6 +624,23 @@ export class BST extends BinaryTree {
         }
         return balanced;
     }
+    /**
+     * Time Complexity: O(n) - Visiting each node once.
+     * Space Complexity: O(log n) - Space for the recursive call stack in the worst case.
+     */
+    init(elements) {
+        if (elements) {
+            for (const entryOrKey of elements) {
+                if (Array.isArray(entryOrKey)) {
+                    const [key, value] = entryOrKey;
+                    this.add(key, value);
+                }
+                else {
+                    this.add(entryOrKey);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
     _setRoot(v) {
         if (v) {
             v.parent = undefined;
@@ -638,7 +656,7 @@ export class BST extends BinaryTree {
      * than), CP.lt (less than), or CP.eq (equal).
      */
     _compare(a, b) {
-        const compared = this.options.comparator(a, b);
+        const compared = this.comparator(a, b);
         if (compared > 0)
             return CP.gt;
         else if (compared < 0)

package/dist/mjs/data-structures/binary-tree/rb-tree.d.ts

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
  * @copyright Copyright (c) 2022 Tyler Zeng <zrwusa@gmail.com>
  * @license MIT License
  */
-import { BiTreeDeleteResult, BTNCallback, BTNKey, IterationType, RBTNColor, RBTreeOptions, RedBlackTreeNested, RedBlackTreeNodeNested } from '../../types';
+import { BiTreeDeleteResult, BTNCallback, BTNKey, IterableEntriesOrKeys, IterationType, RBTNColor, RBTreeOptions, RedBlackTreeNested, RedBlackTreeNodeNested } from '../../types';
 import { BST, BSTNode } from './bst';
 import { IBinaryTree } from '../../interfaces';
 export declare class RedBlackTreeNode<V = any, N extends RedBlackTreeNode<V, N> = RedBlackTreeNodeNested<V>> extends BSTNode<V, N> {
@@ -21,23 +21,18 @@ export declare class RedBlackTreeNode<V = any, N extends RedBlackTreeNode<V, N>
  */
 export declare class RedBlackTree<V = any, N extends RedBlackTreeNode<V, N> = RedBlackTreeNode<V, RedBlackTreeNodeNested<V>>, TREE extends RedBlackTree<V, N, TREE> = RedBlackTree<V, N, RedBlackTreeNested<V, N>>> extends BST<V, N, TREE> implements IBinaryTree<V, N, TREE> {
     Sentinel: N;
-    options: RBTreeOptions;
     /**
      * The constructor function initializes a Red-Black Tree with an optional set of options.
      * @param {RBTreeOptions} [options] - The `options` parameter is an optional object that can be
      * passed to the constructor. It is used to configure the RBTree object with specific options.
      */
-    constructor(options?: RBTreeOptions);
+    constructor(elements?: IterableEntriesOrKeys<V>, options?: Partial<RBTreeOptions>);
     protected _root: N;
     get root(): N;
     protected _size: number;
     get size(): number;
     createNode(key: BTNKey, value?: V, color?: RBTNColor): N;
     createTree(options?: RBTreeOptions): TREE;
-    /**
-     * Time Complexity: O(log n) on average (where n is the number of nodes in the tree)
-     * Space Complexity: O(1)
-     */
     /**
      * Time Complexity: O(log n) on average (where n is the number of nodes in the tree)
      * Space Complexity: O(1)
@@ -70,6 +65,10 @@ export declare class RedBlackTree<V = any, N extends RedBlackTreeNode<V, N> = Re
      * @returns an array of `BiTreeDeleteResult<N>`.
      */
     delete<C extends BTNCallback<N>>(identifier: ReturnType<C> | null | undefined, callback?: C): BiTreeDeleteResult<N>[];
+    /**
+     * Time Complexity: O(log n) on average (where n is the number of nodes in the tree)
+     * Space Complexity: O(1)
+     */
     isRealNode(node: N | undefined): node is N;
     getNode<C extends BTNCallback<N, BTNKey>>(identifier: BTNKey, callback?: C, beginRoot?: N | undefined, iterationType?: IterationType): N | undefined;
     getNode<C extends BTNCallback<N, N>>(identifier: N | undefined, callback?: C, beginRoot?: N | undefined, iterationType?: IterationType): N | undefined;
@@ -101,7 +100,12 @@ export declare class RedBlackTree<V = any, N extends RedBlackTreeNode<V, N> = Re
      * @returns the predecessor of the given RedBlackTreeNode 'x'.
      */
     getPredecessor(x: N): N;
+    /**
+     * Time Complexity: O(log n) on average (where n is the number of nodes in the tree)
+     * Space Complexity: O(1)
+     */
     clear(): void;
+    init(elements: IterableEntriesOrKeys<V>): void;
     protected _setRoot(v: N): void;
     /**
      * Time Complexity: O(1)

package/dist/mjs/data-structures/binary-tree/rb-tree.js

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
  * @copyright Copyright (c) 2022 Tyler Zeng <zrwusa@gmail.com>
  * @license MIT License
  */
-import { IterationType, RBTNColor } from '../../types';
+import { RBTNColor } from '../../types';
 import { BST, BSTNode } from './bst';
 import { BinaryTreeNode } from './binary-tree';
 export class RedBlackTreeNode extends BSTNode {
@@ -24,21 +24,16 @@ export class RedBlackTreeNode extends BSTNode {
  */
 export class RedBlackTree extends BST {
     Sentinel = new RedBlackTreeNode(NaN);
-    options;
     /**
      * The constructor function initializes a Red-Black Tree with an optional set of options.
      * @param {RBTreeOptions} [options] - The `options` parameter is an optional object that can be
      * passed to the constructor. It is used to configure the RBTree object with specific options.
      */
-    constructor(options) {
-        super(options);
-        if (options) {
-            this.options = { iterationType: IterationType.ITERATIVE, comparator: (a, b) => a - b, ...options };
-        }
-        else {
-            this.options = { iterationType: IterationType.ITERATIVE, comparator: (a, b) => a - b };
-        }
+    constructor(elements, options) {
+        super([], options);
         this._root = this.Sentinel;
+        if (elements)
+            this.init(elements);
     }
     _root;
     get root() {
@@ -52,12 +47,11 @@ export class RedBlackTree extends BST {
         return new RedBlackTreeNode(key, value, color);
     }
     createTree(options) {
-        return new RedBlackTree({ ...this.options, ...options });
+        return new RedBlackTree([], {
+            iterationType: this.iterationType,
+            comparator: this.comparator, ...options
+        });
     }
-    /**
-     * Time Complexity: O(log n) on average (where n is the number of nodes in the tree)
-     * Space Complexity: O(1)
-     */
     /**
      * Time Complexity: O(log n) on average (where n is the number of nodes in the tree)
      * Space Complexity: O(1)
@@ -203,13 +197,13 @@ export class RedBlackTree extends BST {
         // TODO
         return ans;
     }
-    isRealNode(node) {
-        return node !== this.Sentinel && node !== undefined;
-    }
     /**
      * Time Complexity: O(log n) on average (where n is the number of nodes in the tree)
      * Space Complexity: O(1)
      */
+    isRealNode(node) {
+        return node !== this.Sentinel && node !== undefined;
+    }
     /**
      * Time Complexity: O(log n) on average (where n is the number of nodes in the tree)
      * Space Complexity: O(1)
@@ -231,7 +225,7 @@ export class RedBlackTree extends BST {
      * `getNodes` method, which is called within the `getNode` method.
      * @returns a value of type `N`, `null`, or `undefined`.
      */
-    getNode(identifier, callback = this._defaultOneParamCallback, beginRoot = this.root, iterationType = this.options.iterationType) {
+    getNode(identifier, callback = this._defaultOneParamCallback, beginRoot = this.root, iterationType = this.iterationType) {
         if (identifier instanceof BinaryTreeNode)
             callback = (node => node);
         beginRoot = this.ensureNotKey(beginRoot);
@@ -284,10 +278,27 @@ export class RedBlackTree extends BST {
         }
         return y;
     }
+    /**
+     * Time Complexity: O(log n) on average (where n is the number of nodes in the tree)
+     * Space Complexity: O(1)
+     */
     clear() {
         this._root = this.Sentinel;
         this._size = 0;
     }
+    init(elements) {
+        if (elements) {
+            for (const entryOrKey of elements) {
+                if (Array.isArray(entryOrKey)) {
+                    const [key, value] = entryOrKey;
+                    this.add(key, value);
+                }
+                else {
+                    this.add(entryOrKey);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
     _setRoot(v) {
         if (v) {
             v.parent = undefined;