colregs 0.2.3 → 0.3.0

package/data/text/intl/2016/es.boe.json

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+{
+ "id": "intl@2016.es.boe",
+ "edition": "intl@2016",
+ "edition_status": "claimed",
+ "language": "es",
+ "source_id": "boe",
+ "tier": "national",
+ "normalization": "NFC",
+ "source": {
+  "publisher": "Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado",
+  "title": "Instrumento de Adhesión de España al Convenio sobre el Reglamento internacional para prevenir los abordajes, 1972",
+  "url": "https://www.boe.es/",
+  "retrieved": null
+ },
+ "rights": {
+  "source_text": "BOE aviso legal: reuse permitted, commercial and non-commercial; consolidated texts must not be represented as official",
+  "redistribution_basis": "BOE aviso legal, with attribution",
+  "attribution": "Fuente de los datos: Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado",
+  "package_licence": "Apache-2.0"
+ },
+ "note": "Stub: the BOE instrument id is not yet located; resolve it and the retrieval date before any text lands -- Q-7.",
+ "paragraphs": {}
+}

package/data/text/intl/2016/fi.finlex.json

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+{
+ "id": "intl@2016.fi.finlex",
+ "edition": "intl@2016",
+ "edition_status": "claimed",
+ "language": "fi",
+ "source_id": "finlex",
+ "tier": "national",
+ "normalization": "NFC",
+ "source": {
+  "publisher": "Finlex (Oikeusministeriö), Suomen säädöskokoelman sopimussarja",
+  "title": "Asetus kansainvälisistä säännöistä yhteentörmäämisen ehkäisemiseksi merellä vuonna 1972 tehdyn yleissopimuksen voimaansaattamisesta, SopS 30/1977",
+  "url": "https://www.finlex.fi/fi/sopimukset/sopsteksti/1977/19770030",
+  "retrieved": "2026-09-12"
+ },
+ "rights": {
+  "source_text": "Tekijänoikeuslaki 404/1961 §9: no copyright in treaties and their official translations",
+  "redistribution_basis": "Finlex FAQ: published materials carry no usage restriction; open data CC BY 4.0",
+  "package_licence": "Apache-2.0"
+ },
+ "note": "Stub: identity and provenance only; the Finnish text is not transcribed yet. GATE-2 is adopted in docs/gates.json, settled by ADR 0013, so nothing structural blocks it.",
+ "paragraphs": {}
+}

package/data/text/us/inland/2014/en-US.ecfr.json

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+{
+ "id": "us/inland@2014.en-US.ecfr",
+ "edition": "us/inland@2014",
+ "edition_status": "claimed",
+ "language": "en-US",
+ "source_id": "ecfr",
+ "tier": "national",
+ "normalization": "NFC",
+ "source": {
+  "publisher": "Office of the Federal Register, eCFR",
+  "title": "33 CFR Part 83, Navigation Rules (Inland)",
+  "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-33/chapter-I/subchapter-E/part-83",
+  "retrieved": null
+ },
+ "rights": {
+  "source_text": "Work of the United States Government, not subject to copyright in the United States (17 U.S.C. 105)",
+  "redistribution_basis": "17 U.S.C. 105",
+  "package_licence": "Apache-2.0"
+ },
+ "note": "Stub: a second jurisdiction, so the key shape is exercised on both axes; the delta itself waits on Q-11 -- REQ-SCOPE-3.",
+ "paragraphs": {}
+}

package/data/version.json

@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 {
-  "version": "0.2.3"
+  "version": "0.3.0"
 }

package/docs/adr/0001-name-and-jurisdiction-model.md

@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 # ADR 0001 — Package name, and jurisdiction as a dimension
 
 Date: 2026-08-29
-Status: accepted; amended 2026-09-05 (licence terms verified, see Amendments)
+Status: accepted; amended 2026-09-05, 2026-09-09 and 2026-09-12 (licence
+terms verified, see Amendments). CEVNI's text stays blocked; ADR 0010
+unblocks modelling it.
 
 ## Context
 
@@ -94,7 +96,7 @@ what it implies for which instrument supplies the Rules *text*.
 | Jurisdiction | Instrument (text source) | Delta | Licence, verified | Attribution to ship (REQ-PROV-3) |
 |---|---|---|---|---|
 | `us/inland` | 33 CFR 83, eCFR | large | 17 U.S.C. §105, public domain | none; credit USCG by custom |
-| `eu/cevni` | CEVNI Rev.6 (UNECE) | largest | **unverified** — unece.org unreachable from the checking host; the UN default terms are personal, non-commercial only. Blocked until written permission is obtained or a national transposition is chosen instead | — |
+| `eu/cevni` | CEVNI Rev.6 (UNECE) | largest | **unverified** — unece.org unreachable from the checking host; the UN default terms are personal, non-commercial only. Text blocked until written permission or a national transposition; structure may be modelled now with the text withheld — ADR 0010 | — |
 | `ca/inland` | Collision Regulations, C.R.C. c.1416, Schedule 1 | moderate | Reproduction of Federal Law Order SI/97-5 | none; accuracy diligence required, and must not be represented as an official version |
 | `de/binnen` | SeeSchStrO (delta) + KVR, Anlage to SeeStrOV (text) | large | §5(1) UrhG, no copyright | none |
 | `uk` | SI 1996/75 (delta) + MSN 1781 (text) | near-zero | OGL v3.0, Crown copyright | "Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0." |
@@ -141,6 +143,9 @@ what it implies for which instrument supplies the Rules *text*.
    or a national transposition under an open licence (Germany's BinSchStrO
    under §5(1) UrhG, or the Netherlands' BPR) — the same corpus by a lawful
    route, at the cost of being a national delta rather than "CEVNI".
+   A third way opened later: ADR 0010 permits modelling CEVNI now, text
+   withheld. These two remedies restore the text; they no longer gate the
+   work.
 8. **IMO's own text is closed to this package.** The IMO website terms
    permit copying and adaptation "for the User's personal, non-commercial
    purposes" and state that "Reuse of the Materials for commercial purposes
@@ -192,3 +197,71 @@ is not made here.
   <https://www.un.org/en/about-us/terms-of-use>.
 - IMO: <https://www.imo.org/en/About/Conventions/Pages/COLREG.aspx>;
   <https://www.imo.org/en/About/Pages/IMO-Website-Terms-and-conditions-of-use.aspx>.
+
+### 2026-09-09 — Independent re-check (issue #75), plus per-language corpus sources (Q-7)
+
+Re-fetched issue #75's primary sources; checked Q-7's three per-language
+corpus candidates, previously unchecked. Q-6 (authenticity) verified
+2026-08-30.
+
+#### Six jurisdictions — confirms 2026-09-05 verbatim, nothing changed
+
+| Jurisdiction | Re-checked against | Result |
+|---|---|---|
+| `us` | [17 U.S.C. §105](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title17-section105&num=0&edition=prelim) | Confirmed: "Copyright protection under this title is not available for any work of the United States Government." Public domain, as recorded. |
+| `uk` | [OGL v3.0](https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/) | Confirmed: copy/adapt/exploit commercially permitted; required attribution string matches; excludes third-party rights. As recorded. |
+| `au` | [legislation.gov.au terms-of-use](https://www.legislation.gov.au/terms-of-use) | Confirmed CC BY 4.0; both attribution strings (unchanged/adapted) match verbatim. As recorded. |
+| `de` | [§5 UrhG](https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/urhg/__5.html) | Confirmed: §5(1) excludes Gesetze, Verordnungen, amtliche Erlasse und Bekanntmachungen from copyright outright; §5(2)'s conditions apply only to the other class of official works. As recorded. |
+| `ca` | [Reproduction of Federal Law Order, SI/97-5](https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/regulations/SI-97-5/page-1.html) | Confirmed: reproduction permitted "provided due diligence is exercised... and the reproduction is not represented as an official version." As recorded. |
+| `eu/cevni` | [unece.org/copyright](https://unece.org/copyright) (403), [unece.org/general/copyright-notice](https://unece.org/general/copyright-notice) (403); [un.org copyright](https://www.un.org/en/about-us/copyright), [un.org terms-of-use](https://www.un.org/en/about-us/terms-of-use) | Both unece.org paths 403 again — independently reproduces "unreachable" rather than assuming it. UN default terms confirmed restrictive: "personal, non-commercial use... no right to resell, redistribute... or create derivative works." Still blocked, not merely unclear — no change. |
+
+#### Per-language corpus sources (Q-7) — new ground, mixed result
+
+| Source | Checked against | Verdict |
+|---|---|---|
+| BOE (`es`) | [boe.es/informacion/aviso_legal](https://www.boe.es/informacion/aviso_legal/index.php) (the path Q-7 guessed, `boe.es/aviso_legal/`, 404s) | Clean — permits the reuse REQ-PROV-2 needs. Commercial + non-commercial reuse; required attribution ("Fuente de los datos: Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado", or "Basado en datos de..." for derivatives); consolidated texts must not be represented as official. Matches Q-7's guess; cheapest language to unblock. |
+| UNTS (`en`/`fr`) | [un.org terms-of-use](https://www.un.org/en/about-us/terms-of-use), [un.org copyright](https://www.un.org/en/about-us/copyright), [treaties.un.org FAQ](https://treaties.un.org/pages/Overview.aspx?path=overview%2Ffaq%2Fpage1_en.xml) (no copyright content) | Ambiguous, new concern — no UNTS-specific rights page found; the only primary terms reachable were the UN's general "personal, non-commercial... no derivative works" terms, the same ones blocking CEVNI. Weakens rather than confirms Q-7's "UNTS deposit is likely lawful" assumption. Resolves via a UNTS-specific rights statement, written UN permission, or a national republication (the `de`/`uk`/`ca`/`us` pattern already used for `intl`). |
+| Finlex (`fi`) | [finlex.fi](https://www.finlex.fi/en/), [finlex.fi/en/legislation](https://www.finlex.fi/en/legislation/), [Tekijänoikeuslaki 404/1961](https://www.finlex.fi/fi/laki/ajantasa/1961/19610404) | Inconclusive — no terms/copyright text was present in the fetched HTML (JS-rendered shells); §9's carve-out for *säädökset* could not be confirmed from primary text. A secondary source (Electronic Frontier Finland) reports a live, contested Finlex copyright claim over compiled statute text. Resolves via a JS-capable fetch of §9 and Finlex's actual ToS page. |
+
+`es` clears REQ-PROV-2; `fi` and `en`/`fr` via UNTS stay open. Updating
+`docs/requirements.md` Q-7 for this is left as a follow-up (concurrent
+edits to that file are in flight elsewhere).
+
+### 2026-09-12 — UNTS and Finlex resolved (issue #81, Q-7)
+
+Re-ran both 2026-09-09 checks with a fetch that renders what looked like a
+JS-only shell. Finlex turned out not to need a browser: its Next.js page
+ships the article text inline in a React Server Components payload that a
+plain fetch already receives, just not as visible HTML.
+
+**Finlex (`fi`) — resolved clean.** §9, Tekijänoikeuslaki 404/1961: no
+copyright in laws and decrees; in other documents enacted via the Statutes
+Collection and in treaties and similar instruments containing international
+obligations; in the decisions and statements of an authority or other public
+body; or in official translations of the above. Finlex's own FAQ
+(`finlex.fi/fi/ukk`, Ministry of Justice) states published materials carry
+no usage restrictions, and machine-readable open data is licensed CC BY 4.0.
+EFFI's contested claim concerns the compiled database, not the statute text
+§9 already excludes; Finlex's current primary statement outranks that
+secondary source.
+
+**UNTS (`en`/`fr`) — resolved, and it does not clear.** Checked the UNTS
+intro and FAQ pages on treaties.un.org and the copyright and terms-of-use
+pages on un.org directly; none needed a browser. No UNTS-specific rights
+page exists anywhere in that set — every path leads to the same general UN
+terms already found blocking CEVNI: personal, non-commercial use, with no
+right to resell, redistribute or create derivative works. Confirmed
+blocked, not merely ambiguous.
+
+Per Q-7's per-language routing, `es` (BOE, cleared 2026-09-09) is the
+corpus that unblocks the first non-`intl` text; `fi` is now open alongside
+it. UNTS stays closed pending written UN permission or a national
+republication of the authentic `en`/`fr` text.
+
+Sources: `fi` —
+<https://www.finlex.fi/fi/laki/ajantasa/1961/19610404> (§9);
+<https://www.finlex.fi/fi/ukk> (usage terms, CC BY 4.0). UNTS —
+<https://treaties.un.org/Pages/Content.aspx?path=DB/UNTS/pageIntro_en.xml>;
+<https://treaties.un.org/Pages/Overview.aspx?path=overview/faq/page1_en.xml>;
+<https://www.un.org/en/about-us/copyright>;
+<https://www.un.org/en/about-us/terms-of-use>.

package/docs/adr/0003-language-as-a-dimension.md

@@ -79,8 +79,10 @@ with BCP 47 codes, structured as three layers:
    consolidated state*: the skeleton declares, as data, the amendment state
    it consolidates, and every corpus declares the amendment state its
    source reflects (REQ-LANG-10). A mismatch is legitimate but
-   machine-visible — declared staleness, never silence. Historical states
-   are prior package versions, not an in-data version dimension. A
+   machine-visible — declared staleness, never silence. (GATE-2 adopted in
+   ADR 0013: `data/editions.json` now registers editions in force
+   *concurrently*, so "historical states are prior package versions" holds
+   only for a fully superseded edition, not one still in transition.) A
    renumbering amendment is a major version under REQ-PKG-4 — but it is
    resolved by *issuing new paragraph paths and deprecating the old ones*
    (REQ-MODEL-10/11), never by repointing an existing path at different
@@ -124,7 +126,7 @@ consumer's call (the spirit of REQ-CONS-3).
 ### Sketch (illustrative, not binding on filenames)
 
 ```text
-data/rules.json                     # skeleton: paths, rule numbers, gaps
+data/rules.json                     # skeleton: paths, numbers, gaps, text_status
 data/text/intl.en-US.uscg.json      # today's text, relabeled for what it is
 data/text/intl.fr.unts.json         # authentic French, when licensed+landed
 data/text/intl.fi.finlex.json       # Finnish national text, contributable
@@ -204,11 +206,10 @@ check. What was declined, and why — recorded so it isn't re-argued:
   renumbering lands — or when Q-8's check of the first national
   amalgamation shows paragraph paths do not survive it.
 - **A full temporal/legal-version model** (instrument → edition → corpus as
-  first-class layers; GATE-2). The package models current consolidated law;
-  history lives in package versions. The cheap 80% — declared amendment
-  state on skeleton and corpus, machine-visible mismatch — is adopted
-  instead. If a jurisdiction ever requires multiple concurrent editions,
-  that is a new ADR.
+  first-class layers; GATE-2). Declined *here*; the cheap 80% (declared
+  amendment state, machine-visible mismatch) was adopted instead. **Re-taken
+  and adopted in ADR 0013**, on the trigger this bullet named: a
+  jurisdiction requiring multiple concurrent editions.
 - **`dir: ltr|rtl` metadata per language.** Derivable from the language
   tag via CLDR by any consumer that needs it; storing it invites drift.
 

package/docs/adr/0010-text-withheld-jurisdictions.md

@@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
+# ADR 0010 — A jurisdiction may ship without its rule text
+
+Date: 2026-09-09
+Status: accepted
+
+## Context
+
+REQ-PROV-2 blocks a jurisdiction until its reproduction terms are checked
+against the primary source. Three passes have now checked CEVNI's and come
+back the same way: unece.org is unreachable from the checking hosts (403,
+reproduced independently), and the UN's default terms grant personal,
+non-commercial use with "no right to resell, redistribute, or create
+derivative works" — see ADR 0001's 2026-09-05 and 2026-09-09 amendments. The
+remedies named there — written permission from UN Publications, or a national
+transposition such as Germany's BinSchStrO — are both slow, and one of them
+is somebody else's decision.
+
+Meanwhile `eu/cevni` has sat in the jurisdiction vocabulary
+(requirements.md §2) as a value nothing may populate, and every session that
+has looked at it has read "licence blocked" as "jurisdiction blocked" and
+stopped.
+
+That reading is wrong, and it is the cost here. What this package is for is
+**evaluating rules correctly**: which entries apply, what modality they
+carry, which gates they turn on. None of that needs a word of the rule text.
+A licence forbidding reproduction of an expression does not forbid modelling
+what the expression provides, any more than a copyright in a timetable
+forbids knowing when the train leaves.
+
+## Decision
+
+**A jurisdiction whose reproduction terms fail or cannot be verified MAY be
+implemented as structure, with its text withheld.** REQ-PROV-2 continues to
+govern *reproducing text*; it does not govern *modelling rules*. Structure
+here means everything except the words: paragraph paths, rule numbers,
+applicability entries, facts, gates, geometry, modality, and the relations
+between a jurisdiction's paragraphs and the international ones.
+
+Referencing a rule by number is not reproduction: a citation is a fact about
+which provision is invoked, not its protected expression, and the package
+needs nothing more than that to be correct.
+
+**Mechanism.** `data/rules.json` gains a per-paragraph `text_status`:
+
+| `text_status` | `text` | meaning |
+|---|---|---|
+| `verbatim` (default when absent) | required | today's state: the source's own words |
+| `withheld` | MUST be absent | the paragraph is modelled; its text is not ours to ship |
+
+A `withheld` paragraph carries a `withheld_reason` naming the licence
+barrier, and its `rule_title` MUST be a neutral label written for this
+package — "Overtaking", "Sound signals in reduced visibility" — never a
+heading copied from the source. Where a withheld paragraph is substantively
+the same provision as an international one, it carries `mirrors`, a path
+into the `intl` ruleset; a consumer may then display the international text
+**labelled as the international equivalent**, never as that jurisdiction's
+text. CEVNI is largely a restatement of the Rules for inland waters, so
+`mirrors` should cover most of it, leaving the genuine CEVNI-only provisions
+as the short list that shows a placeholder.
+
+### ✎ What a withheld paragraph carries in place of text — pencil
+
+**Ink is only that the text is withheld and the structure ships.** What
+stands in for the text is deliberately *not* settled here, and this ADR does
+not license a later session to settle it by inference. Any of the following
+may be adopted, dropped or combined before a general release without another
+ADR, and more than one may ship at once — they occupy different keys:
+
+| option | key | note |
+|---|---|---|
+| **Redaction** — the citation alone | — | the floor; ships today, needs no decision |
+| **Digest** — a hash of the normalised text, algorithm-qualified | `text_digest` | lets a holder of a lawful copy bind it to our structure, and catches a silent upstream amendment |
+| **Slug** — key nouns and verbs lifted from the paragraph, lemmatised, English counterparts where the source is another language | `text_slug` | the straw man below |
+| **`mirrors`** — the `intl` equivalent | `mirrors` | real, lawful text for the majority of CEVNI; silent exactly where CEVNI differs |
+
+**Straw man for the slug**, so the option is designed against something
+rather than argued about in the abstract: take the paragraph, keep the key
+nouns and verbs, drop everything else, lemmatise, emit a sorted set —
+`blue-board`, `overtake`, `sound-signal`. Deterministic, reproducible from
+the same input, no word order, no syntax, no prose. Where the source is not
+English, the terms map to their English counterparts, which is the same
+vocabulary the applicability entries already use. Build it and judge it; it
+may be replaced or dropped. See the research issue.
+
+Nothing here turns on where the line between indexing and a derivative work
+falls. That question is not this ADR's to answer and does not gate the work:
+redaction ships today whatever the answer, and the slug is a straw man to be
+built, investigated or thrown away later.
+
+How a withheld paragraph reads on screen is likewise a display choice, not a
+data one.
+
+## Consequences
+
+- **No future session may record CEVNI as blocked.** It is unblocked for
+  structure as of this ADR, blocked for text until ADR 0001's licence
+  question is answered. The same route is open to any jurisdiction that
+  fails REQ-PROV-2 later; nothing here is CEVNI-specific.
+- **A different bar still stands, and it is not this one.** REQ-SCOPE-3 and
+  Q-11 hold that no non-`intl` jurisdiction lands until an explicit
+  suppression mechanism exists, because silence-means-inherit would apply
+  international law where a national body deliberately has none. That is
+  about deltas, not licences; it survives this ADR untouched and is the live
+  blocker on CEVNI. Read the two together or the wrong one gets blamed.
+- `schema/rules.schema.json` carries the conditional: `text` required unless
+  `text_status` is `withheld`, in which case it is forbidden and
+  `withheld_reason` is required. Only `withheld_reason` is refused on a
+  verbatim paragraph; `mirrors`, `text_digest` and `text_slug` are open to
+  any paragraph, defined but unwritten, so the pencil options above cannot be
+  foreclosed by `additionalProperties: false`. Additive under ADR 0006. Since
+  `data/rules.json` is entirely verbatim `intl`, nothing in the data
+  exercises that branch — the cases are asserted in `test/data.test.mjs`.
+- **Nothing in evaluation may read `text`.** That is the invariant this
+  decision rests on, so it wants a test rather than a promise: fixtures and
+  the evaluator output envelope must stay green over a ruleset with every
+  `text` stripped.
+- REQ-PROV-1 still binds: a withheld paragraph records its source, its
+  retrieval date and why the text is absent. Withholding is a provenance
+  record, not a gap in one — and not a `gaps` entry either, which keeps its
+  meaning of a paragraph we could not obtain at all.
+- The licence question stays open where it already is. If permission or a
+  national transposition arrives, `withheld` paragraphs gain their text and
+  drop the key; no modelling is redone.

package/docs/adr/0011-api-shape.md

@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
+# ADR 0011 — The public API: one verb per input
+
+Date: 2026-09-07
+Origin: colregs-engine, where it was ADR 0001 until 2026-09-09. The
+decision is about colregs-engine's public API; "this package" below is
+colregs-engine. ADRs for the whole family live here (AGENTS.md).
+Status: accepted. Ink and pencil are marked per item in the register at the
+end, under colregs' `docs/conventions.md`.
+
+## Context
+
+The engine shipped one entry point, `evaluateDisplay`, and its README promised
+that colregs' `classification` and `precedence` categories would "get their own
+entry points" — a promise made in passing while renaming, with no target to
+build to. Meanwhile colregs' ADR 0005 (pencil, all of it) fixed the *input*
+those categories read: a situation record in `data/facts.json` §`situation`,
+exercised by `fixtures/situation-fixtures.json`, with some twenty two-subject
+entries written against it. The data side exists; the engine side has no shape.
+
+This ADR fixes the shape. It does not build it.
+
+## Decision
+
+### 1. Two inputs, two verbs
+
+| input | verb | result | status |
+|---|---|---|---|
+| `FactRecord` — one vessel | `evaluateDisplay` | `DisplayEvaluation` | built |
+| `Situation` — two vessels and the encounter | `evaluateEncounter` | `EncounterEvaluation` | target |
+
+A verb is named for the thing it evaluates, in colregs' own vocabulary: a
+*display* is what one vessel shows, an *encounter* is what colregs calls the
+`pair` subject. The proposed pair `classifyEncounter` / `resolvePrecedence`
+is **not** built, for three reasons that are about the data, not taste:
+
+- **One predicate pass.** Every `scope`, `classification` and `precedence`
+  entry matches the same situation by the same walker, as colregs' reference
+  evaluator does; two verbs run it twice or make the caller carry the type on.
+- **Relations cross categories.** Rule 18's precedence entries override Rule
+  15's; entry `13a` overrides every Rule 18 entry. `rel:overrides` can only be
+  resolved with both sides applied in the same result.
+- **Q-35 is open.** Whether a norm may read another norm's *effect* (8(f)(iii)
+  reads "a vessel whose passage is not to be impeded") is unsettled in colregs.
+  An API seam here would settle it by accident, in the wrong repository.
+
+Each verb has a companion that returns only the matched entry ids —
+`appliedDisplayEntries` today, `appliedEncounterEntries` to come — because
+that is the fixture contract: both fixture files `expect` entry ids.
+
+### 2. `FactRecord` keeps its name
+
+It is colregs' name for the per-vessel record (`own.fact` is "exactly the
+record above, key for key"). ADR 0005 §2 has the situation wrap two fact
+records; the fact record itself does not widen, and a display consumer never
+sees a situation. A name that hinted at two vessels would describe the wrapper,
+not the thing.
+
+### 3. The `Situation` type mirrors the fixture, not the predicate
+
+colregs states the situation twice: nested by subject and class in
+`facts.json` §`situation.record` and in every fixture case, and flat as
+`own:fact:activity` inside predicates. The engine's public type is the
+**nested** form. The flat form is the predicate namespace and stays internal
+to the walker.
+
+```ts
+interface Situation {
+  own: Subject;
+  other?: Subject;
+  pair?: Pair;
+}
+interface Subject { fact: FactRecord; kin?: Kinematics; geo?: DirectionalGeometry; hist?: History; }
+interface Pair    { geo?: PairGeometry; env?: Environment; }
+```
+
+- `own` is required; `other`/`Subject.fact` follow colregs' own fixture schema
+  (`situation-fixtures.schema.json`, `0.2.0`) — `other` optional (Rule 19's
+  single-vessel scope needs no synthesized one), `fact` required. Every other
+  class, and every key inside a class, is optional — absent is absent.
+- Keys keep their full colregs identifier (`'kin:heading_deg'`, not
+  `heading_deg`), as `FactRecord` keeps `'fact:length_m'`. A fixture's
+  `situation` object is then assignable to `Situation` unedited.
+- `Kinematics`, `History`, the two geometries and `Environment` are
+  **generated** from `facts.json` §`situation` by the generator that produces
+  `FactRecord`, and checked by the same validator: a situation arriving as
+  JSON is rejected on the same terms as a fact record.
+- `FactRecord` is reused, not copied, as `Subject.fact`.
+
+### 4. `EncounterEvaluation`, the target result
+
+```ts
+type EntryId = string;       // a colregs entry id: '13a', '18b'
+type ParagraphCite = string; // a Rules paragraph cite: '17(c)'
+
+interface EncounterEvaluation {
+  colregs: { version: string; source: 'resolved' | 'caller' };
+  applied: EntryId[];
+  scope: EntryId[];
+  encounter?: 'head-on' | 'crossing' | 'overtaking' | 'none';
+  risk_of_collision: { asserted: boolean; by: EntryId[] };
+  roles: { own: SubjectRole[]; other: SubjectRole[] };
+  overridden: { id: EntryId; by: EntryId }[];
+  modalities: Record<EntryId, Modality>;
+}
+interface SubjectRole { role: Role; by: EntryId; }
+```
+
+`EntryId` and `ParagraphCite` are both `string`, marking which vocabulary a
+field holds: `applied` and `overridden` cite entries, ADR 0012's `phase` and
+`breaches` cite paragraphs. Field names are snake_case with unit suffixes
+throughout, as colregs' own keys are (`kin:heading_deg`).
+
+`colregs` and `applied` mean what they mean on `DisplayEvaluation`. Roles are
+a *set* per subject, each citing the entry that assigned it: colregs' own
+suite pins a sailing vessel meeting a CBD vessel as holding `stand-on` and
+`shall-not-impede` at once (Q-36), and a result type that could hold one role
+would have to lie. `risk_of_collision` carries its grounds because 7(a) lets an
+entry add a ground and never deny one. `encounter` is absent when no
+classification entry fired, conflating "no encounter" with "cannot say" (Q-43);
+ADR 0005 §5's status alphabet is the fix, and is not part of this shape yet.
+
+### 5. What this shape does not evaluate
+
+Scoped to `evaluateDisplay`/`evaluateEncounter` as defined here, not a ceiling
+on the package; kinematic and temporal evaluation gets two verbs in ADR 0012.
+
+- **`conduct`.** Rules 8, 13(a)'s action, 14(a), 16, 17: what a vessel shall
+  *do*. Their predicates read a trace — 8(b)'s "readily apparent" alteration,
+  17(a)(ii)'s "as soon as it becomes apparent" — and colregs declares
+  `kin:rot_deg_min` read "by a conduct monitor, not by a predicate at a point".
+  A different input (a trace: a sequence of situations) and a different tool
+  (STL/TLA+): `evaluateConduct`, ADR 0012.
+- **`care` and `meta`.** Rules 2(a) and 2(b) are in colregs'
+  `represented_paragraphs` registry precisely so nothing computes them.
+- **The Rule 2 region solver** (R0/R1/R2, research-ontology labels, not API).
+  Research under `research/`; its runtime face is `evaluateRule2Departure`,
+  ADR 0012.
+- **Time.** Freshness, hysteresis and the 13(d) latch's clock are the caller's;
+  the engine receives `hist:*` as facts and does not maintain them.
+- **Choosing.** No verb picks a display or a role; every lawful answer is
+  returned (REQ-MODEL-8).
+
+In scope and expected of `evaluateEncounter`: derived facts (`fact:rule18_class`
+is computed before matching, as colregs specifies), `rel:overrides`
+resolution, and validation of the situation record.
+
+## Consequences
+
+- The README paragraph promising separate classification and precedence
+  entry points is replaced by a pointer here.
+- The next PR builds `Situation` generation and validation; the one after
+  `appliedEncounterEntries` against `situation-fixtures.json`; only then
+  `evaluateEncounter`. Composition decisions the data leaves open go in
+  `docs/engine-notes.md`, as the display ones did.
+- `colregs-engine/schema` stays the home of mirrored colregs shapes; `Situation`
+  and `EncounterEvaluation` are engine vocabulary, exported from the root.
+
+## Register
+
+| item | level | what would settle it |
+|---|---|---|
+| Two verbs, one per input; no `classifyEncounter` / `resolvePrecedence` | ink | — |
+| `evaluateDisplay`, `appliedDisplayEntries`, `DisplayEvaluation`, `opts.data`, `colregs.source` | ink | — |
+| `FactRecord` keeps its name | ink | — |
+| `Situation` nested by subject and class, generated from `facts.json` | ink | — |
+| Verb name `evaluateEncounter`; result name `EncounterEvaluation` | ✎ | colregs renaming the `pair` subject or the `encounter` effect |
+| `own` required, `other`/`Subject.fact` per colregs 0.2.0's fixture schema | ✎ | revised 2026-09-07 from "own/other both required"; Mark to confirm before ink |
+| `appliedEncounterEntries` as the fixture-replay companion | ✎ | the situation-fixture replay being written |
+| Field names snake_case with unit suffixes across both ADRs; `EntryId`/`ParagraphCite` alias `string` for ids and cites | ✎ | the rename's alias window closing; a consumer arguing the compiler should enforce the two apart |
+| `EncounterEvaluation` field set (§4) | ✎ | building it; Q-35, Q-36, Q-43 in colregs |
+| `encounter` absent vs the ADR 0005 §5 status alphabet | ✎ | Q-43 |
+| `conduct` is a separate package, not a third verb | ✎ | superseded by ADR 0012: a third and fourth verb, in this package |
+| Geometry-consistency validation (REQ-VERIFY-8) in the engine's validator | ? | deciding whether it is data-suite-only |