code-abyss 1.6.15 → 1.7.0

package/skills/domains/mobile/android-dev.md

@@ -1,979 +0,0 @@
----
-name: android-dev
-description: Android 开发。Jetpack Compose、Kotlin、ViewModel、LiveData、Coroutines、Flow、MVVM、Android架构。当用户提到 Android 开发、Jetpack Compose、Kotlin 时使用。
----
-
-# 🤖 Android 开发 · Android Development
-
-## Jetpack Compose 基础
-
-### Composable 函数
-```kotlin
-import androidx.compose.material3.*
-import androidx.compose.runtime.*
-import androidx.compose.ui.Modifier
-import androidx.compose.ui.unit.dp
-
-@Composable
-fun Greeting(name: String) {
-    Column(
-        modifier = Modifier.padding(16.dp)
-    ) {
-        Text(
-            text = "Hello, $name!",
-            style = MaterialTheme.typography.headlineMedium
-        )
-
-        Spacer(modifier = Modifier.height(8.dp))
-
-        Button(onClick = { /* TODO */ }) {
-            Text("Click Me")
-        }
-    }
-}
-```
-
-### State 管理
-```kotlin
-@Composable
-fun CounterScreen() {
-    var count by remember { mutableStateOf(0) }
-    var isEnabled by remember { mutableStateOf(true) }
-
-    Column(
-        modifier = Modifier.padding(16.dp),
-        horizontalAlignment = Alignment.CenterHorizontally
-    ) {
-        Text(
-            text = "Count: $count",
-            style = MaterialTheme.typography.headlineLarge
-        )
-
-        Row(
-            horizontalArrangement = Arrangement.spacedBy(8.dp)
-        ) {
-            Button(onClick = { count-- }) {
-                Text("-")
-            }
-            Button(onClick = { count++ }) {
-                Text("+")
-            }
-        }
-
-        Switch(
-            checked = isEnabled,
-            onCheckedChange = { isEnabled = it }
-        )
-    }
-}
-```
-
-### LazyColumn 列表
-```kotlin
-@Composable
-fun UserList(users: List<User>) {
-    LazyColumn(
-        contentPadding = PaddingValues(16.dp),
-        verticalArrangement = Arrangement.spacedBy(8.dp)
-    ) {
-        items(users) { user ->
-            UserItem(user)
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-@Composable
-fun UserItem(user: User) {
-    Card(
-        modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth(),
-        elevation = CardDefaults.cardElevation(defaultElevation = 2.dp)
-    ) {
-        Row(
-            modifier = Modifier.padding(16.dp),
-            verticalAlignment = Alignment.CenterVertically
-        ) {
-            AsyncImage(
-                model = user.avatarUrl,
-                contentDescription = null,
-                modifier = Modifier.size(48.dp)
-            )
-
-            Spacer(modifier = Modifier.width(16.dp))
-
-            Column {
-                Text(
-                    text = user.name,
-                    style = MaterialTheme.typography.titleMedium
-                )
-                Text(
-                    text = user.email,
-                    style = MaterialTheme.typography.bodySmall
-                )
-            }
-        }
-    }
-}
-```
-
-## Compose 高级
-
-### Side Effects
-```kotlin
-@Composable
-fun TimerScreen() {
-    var seconds by remember { mutableStateOf(0) }
-
-    // LaunchedEffect: 启动协程
-    LaunchedEffect(Unit) {
-        while (true) {
-            delay(1000)
-            seconds++
-        }
-    }
-
-    Text("Elapsed: $seconds seconds")
-}
-
-@Composable
-fun AnalyticsScreen(screenName: String) {
-    // DisposableEffect: 清理资源
-    DisposableEffect(screenName) {
-        analytics.logScreenView(screenName)
-        onDispose {
-            analytics.logScreenExit(screenName)
-        }
-    }
-
-    // SideEffect: 同步状态到外部
-    SideEffect {
-        externalState.update(screenName)
-    }
-}
-
-@Composable
-fun SearchScreen() {
-    var query by remember { mutableStateOf("") }
-    var results by remember { mutableStateOf<List<Item>>(emptyList()) }
-
-    // snapshotFlow: 监听状态变化
-    LaunchedEffect(Unit) {
-        snapshotFlow { query }
-            .debounce(300)
-            .filter { it.isNotEmpty() }
-            .collectLatest { q ->
-                results = repository.search(q)
-            }
-    }
-
-    Column {
-        TextField(
-            value = query,
-            onValueChange = { query = it }
-        )
-        LazyColumn {
-            items(results) { item ->
-                Text(item.name)
-            }
-        }
-    }
-}
-```
-
-### Custom Modifier
-```kotlin
-fun Modifier.shimmer(): Modifier = composed {
-    var offsetX by remember { mutableStateOf(0f) }
-    val infiniteTransition = rememberInfiniteTransition()
-
-    val shimmerOffset by infiniteTransition.animateFloat(
-        initialValue = 0f,
-        targetValue = 1000f,
-        animationSpec = infiniteRepeatable(
-            animation = tween(1000, easing = LinearEasing)
-        )
-    )
-
-    this.drawWithContent {
-        drawContent()
-        drawRect(
-            brush = Brush.linearGradient(
-                colors = listOf(
-                    Color.Transparent,
-                    Color.White.copy(alpha = 0.3f),
-                    Color.Transparent
-                ),
-                start = Offset(shimmerOffset, 0f),
-                end = Offset(shimmerOffset + 200f, 0f)
-            )
-        )
-    }
-}
-
-// 使用
-Box(
-    modifier = Modifier
-        .size(200.dp)
-        .shimmer()
-)
-```
-
-### Navigation
-```kotlin
-@Composable
-fun AppNavigation() {
-    val navController = rememberNavController()
-
-    NavHost(
-        navController = navController,
-        startDestination = "home"
-    ) {
-        composable("home") {
-            HomeScreen(
-                onNavigateToDetail = { id ->
-                    navController.navigate("detail/$id")
-                }
-            )
-        }
-
-        composable(
-            route = "detail/{itemId}",
-            arguments = listOf(navArgument("itemId") { type = NavType.IntType })
-        ) { backStackEntry ->
-            val itemId = backStackEntry.arguments?.getInt("itemId")
-            DetailScreen(itemId = itemId)
-        }
-    }
-}
-```
-
-## ViewModel & LiveData
-
-### ViewModel
-```kotlin
-class UserViewModel(
-    private val repository: UserRepository
-) : ViewModel() {
-
-    private val _users = MutableLiveData<List<User>>()
-    val users: LiveData<List<User>> = _users
-
-    private val _isLoading = MutableLiveData(false)
-    val isLoading: LiveData<Boolean> = _isLoading
-
-    private val _error = MutableLiveData<String?>()
-    val error: LiveData<String?> = _error
-
-    fun loadUsers() {
-        viewModelScope.launch {
-            _isLoading.value = true
-            _error.value = null
-
-            try {
-                val result = repository.getUsers()
-                _users.value = result
-            } catch (e: Exception) {
-                _error.value = e.message
-            } finally {
-                _isLoading.value = false
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    fun refresh() {
-        loadUsers()
-    }
-}
-```
-
-### StateFlow (推荐)
-```kotlin
-class UserViewModel(
-    private val repository: UserRepository
-) : ViewModel() {
-
-    private val _uiState = MutableStateFlow(UserUiState())
-    val uiState: StateFlow<UserUiState> = _uiState.asStateFlow()
-
-    init {
-        loadUsers()
-    }
-
-    fun loadUsers() {
-        viewModelScope.launch {
-            _uiState.update { it.copy(isLoading = true) }
-
-            repository.getUsers()
-                .onSuccess { users ->
-                    _uiState.update {
-                        it.copy(users = users, isLoading = false)
-                    }
-                }
-                .onFailure { error ->
-                    _uiState.update {
-                        it.copy(error = error.message, isLoading = false)
-                    }
-                }
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-data class UserUiState(
-    val users: List<User> = emptyList(),
-    val isLoading: Boolean = false,
-    val error: String? = null
-)
-
-// Compose 中使用
-@Composable
-fun UserScreen(viewModel: UserViewModel = hiltViewModel()) {
-    val uiState by viewModel.uiState.collectAsState()
-
-    when {
-        uiState.isLoading -> LoadingView()
-        uiState.error != null -> ErrorView(uiState.error!!)
-        else -> UserList(uiState.users)
-    }
-}
-```
-
-## Kotlin Coroutines
-
-### 基础用法
-```kotlin
-// 启动协程
-viewModelScope.launch {
-    val result = withContext(Dispatchers.IO) {
-        repository.fetchData()
-    }
-    updateUI(result)
-}
-
-// 并发执行
-suspend fun loadData() = coroutineScope {
-    val users = async { repository.getUsers() }
-    val posts = async { repository.getPosts() }
-
-    CombinedData(
-        users = users.await(),
-        posts = posts.await()
-    )
-}
-
-// 超时控制
-try {
-    withTimeout(5000) {
-        repository.fetchData()
-    }
-} catch (e: TimeoutCancellationException) {
-    // 处理超时
-}
-```
-
-### Flow
-```kotlin
-class UserRepository {
-    fun observeUsers(): Flow<List<User>> = flow {
-        while (true) {
-            val users = api.getUsers()
-            emit(users)
-            delay(30000) // 每30秒刷新
-        }
-    }
-
-    fun searchUsers(query: String): Flow<List<User>> = flow {
-        emit(emptyList()) // 初始状态
-        delay(300) // 防抖
-        val results = api.search(query)
-        emit(results)
-    }.flowOn(Dispatchers.IO)
-}
-
-// ViewModel 中使用
-class UserViewModel(
-    private val repository: UserRepository
-) : ViewModel() {
-
-    val users: StateFlow<List<User>> = repository.observeUsers()
-        .stateIn(
-            scope = viewModelScope,
-            started = SharingStarted.WhileSubscribed(5000),
-            initialValue = emptyList()
-        )
-
-    private val searchQuery = MutableStateFlow("")
-
-    val searchResults: StateFlow<List<User>> = searchQuery
-        .debounce(300)
-        .filter { it.isNotEmpty() }
-        .flatMapLatest { query ->
-            repository.searchUsers(query)
-        }
-        .stateIn(
-            scope = viewModelScope,
-            started = SharingStarted.WhileSubscribed(),
-            initialValue = emptyList()
-        )
-
-    fun search(query: String) {
-        searchQuery.value = query
-    }
-}
-```
-
-### Channel
-```kotlin
-class EventBus {
-    private val _events = Channel<Event>(Channel.BUFFERED)
-    val events: Flow<Event> = _events.receiveAsFlow()
-
-    suspend fun send(event: Event) {
-        _events.send(event)
-    }
-}
-
-// 使用
-viewModelScope.launch {
-    eventBus.events.collect { event ->
-        when (event) {
-            is Event.UserLoggedIn -> handleLogin(event.user)
-            is Event.DataUpdated -> refresh()
-        }
-    }
-}
-```
-
-## MVVM 架构
-
-### Model
-```kotlin
-data class User(
-    val id: Int,
-    val name: String,
-    val email: String,
-    val avatarUrl: String
-)
-
-data class LoginRequest(
-    val username: String,
-    val password: String
-)
-
-data class LoginResponse(
-    val token: String,
-    val user: User
-)
-```
-
-### Repository
-```kotlin
-interface UserRepository {
-    suspend fun login(username: String, password: String): Result<LoginResponse>
-    suspend fun getProfile(): Result<User>
-    fun observeUser(): Flow<User?>
-}
-
-class UserRepositoryImpl(
-    private val api: ApiService,
-    private val userDao: UserDao,
-    private val tokenManager: TokenManager
-) : UserRepository {
-
-    override suspend fun login(username: String, password: String): Result<LoginResponse> {
-        return try {
-            val request = LoginRequest(username, password)
-            val response = api.login(request)
-            tokenManager.saveToken(response.token)
-            userDao.insert(response.user)
-            Result.success(response)
-        } catch (e: Exception) {
-            Result.failure(e)
-        }
-    }
-
-    override suspend fun getProfile(): Result<User> {
-        return try {
-            val user = api.getProfile()
-            userDao.insert(user)
-            Result.success(user)
-        } catch (e: Exception) {
-            Result.failure(e)
-        }
-    }
-
-    override fun observeUser(): Flow<User?> {
-        return userDao.observeUser()
-    }
-}
-```
-
-### ViewModel
-```kotlin
-@HiltViewModel
-class LoginViewModel @Inject constructor(
-    private val repository: UserRepository
-) : ViewModel() {
-
-    private val _uiState = MutableStateFlow(LoginUiState())
-    val uiState: StateFlow<LoginUiState> = _uiState.asStateFlow()
-
-    fun updateUsername(username: String) {
-        _uiState.update { it.copy(username = username) }
-    }
-
-    fun updatePassword(password: String) {
-        _uiState.update { it.copy(password = password) }
-    }
-
-    fun login() {
-        val state = _uiState.value
-        if (!state.isValid) return
-
-        viewModelScope.launch {
-            _uiState.update { it.copy(isLoading = true, error = null) }
-
-            repository.login(state.username, state.password)
-                .onSuccess {
-                    _uiState.update { it.copy(isLoading = false, isLoggedIn = true) }
-                }
-                .onFailure { error ->
-                    _uiState.update {
-                        it.copy(isLoading = false, error = error.message)
-                    }
-                }
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-data class LoginUiState(
-    val username: String = "",
-    val password: String = "",
-    val isLoading: Boolean = false,
-    val error: String? = null,
-    val isLoggedIn: Boolean = false
-) {
-    val isValid: Boolean
-        get() = username.isNotEmpty() && password.length >= 6
-}
-```
-
-### View (Compose)
-```kotlin
-@Composable
-fun LoginScreen(
-    viewModel: LoginViewModel = hiltViewModel(),
-    onLoginSuccess: () -> Unit
-) {
-    val uiState by viewModel.uiState.collectAsState()
-
-    LaunchedEffect(uiState.isLoggedIn) {
-        if (uiState.isLoggedIn) {
-            onLoginSuccess()
-        }
-    }
-
-    Column(
-        modifier = Modifier
-            .fillMaxSize()
-            .padding(16.dp),
-        verticalArrangement = Arrangement.Center
-    ) {
-        OutlinedTextField(
-            value = uiState.username,
-            onValueChange = viewModel::updateUsername,
-            label = { Text("Username") },
-            modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth()
-        )
-
-        Spacer(modifier = Modifier.height(8.dp))
-
-        OutlinedTextField(
-            value = uiState.password,
-            onValueChange = viewModel::updatePassword,
-            label = { Text("Password") },
-            visualTransformation = PasswordVisualTransformation(),
-            modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth()
-        )
-
-        if (uiState.error != null) {
-            Text(
-                text = uiState.error!!,
-                color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.error,
-                style = MaterialTheme.typography.bodySmall,
-                modifier = Modifier.padding(top = 8.dp)
-            )
-        }
-
-        Spacer(modifier = Modifier.height(16.dp))
-
-        Button(
-            onClick = viewModel::login,
-            enabled = uiState.isValid && !uiState.isLoading,
-            modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth()
-        ) {
-            if (uiState.isLoading) {
-                CircularProgressIndicator(
-                    modifier = Modifier.size(24.dp),
-                    color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.onPrimary
-                )
-            } else {
-                Text("Login")
-            }
-        }
-    }
-}
-```
-
-## 依赖注入 (Hilt)
-
-### 配置
-```kotlin
-@HiltAndroidApp
-class MyApplication : Application()
-
-@AndroidEntryPoint
-class MainActivity : ComponentActivity() {
-    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
-        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
-        setContent {
-            MyApp()
-        }
-    }
-}
-```
-
-### Module
-```kotlin
-@Module
-@InstallIn(SingletonComponent::class)
-object NetworkModule {
-
-    @Provides
-    @Singleton
-    fun provideOkHttpClient(): OkHttpClient {
-        return OkHttpClient.Builder()
-            .addInterceptor(AuthInterceptor())
-            .connectTimeout(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
-            .build()
-    }
-
-    @Provides
-    @Singleton
-    fun provideRetrofit(okHttpClient: OkHttpClient): Retrofit {
-        return Retrofit.Builder()
-            .baseUrl("https://api.example.com")
-            .client(okHttpClient)
-            .addConverterFactory(GsonConverterFactory.create())
-            .build()
-    }
-
-    @Provides
-    @Singleton
-    fun provideApiService(retrofit: Retrofit): ApiService {
-        return retrofit.create(ApiService::class.java)
-    }
-}
-
-@Module
-@InstallIn(SingletonComponent::class)
-abstract class RepositoryModule {
-
-    @Binds
-    @Singleton
-    abstract fun bindUserRepository(
-        impl: UserRepositoryImpl
-    ): UserRepository
-}
-```
-
-## Room 数据库
-
-### Entity
-```kotlin
-@Entity(tableName = "users")
-data class UserEntity(
-    @PrimaryKey val id: Int,
-    val name: String,
-    val email: String,
-    @ColumnInfo(name = "avatar_url") val avatarUrl: String,
-    @ColumnInfo(name = "created_at") val createdAt: Long = System.currentTimeMillis()
-)
-```
-
-### DAO
-```kotlin
-@Dao
-interface UserDao {
-    @Query("SELECT * FROM users")
-    fun observeAll(): Flow<List<UserEntity>>
-
-    @Query("SELECT * FROM users WHERE id = :id")
-    suspend fun getById(id: Int): UserEntity?
-
-    @Insert(onConflict = OnConflictStrategy.REPLACE)
-    suspend fun insert(user: UserEntity)
-
-    @Insert(onConflict = OnConflictStrategy.REPLACE)
-    suspend fun insertAll(users: List<UserEntity>)
-
-    @Delete
-    suspend fun delete(user: UserEntity)
-
-    @Query("DELETE FROM users")
-    suspend fun deleteAll()
-}
-```
-
-### Database
-```kotlin
-@Database(
-    entities = [UserEntity::class],
-    version = 1,
-    exportSchema = false
-)
-abstract class AppDatabase : RoomDatabase() {
-    abstract fun userDao(): UserDao
-}
-
-@Module
-@InstallIn(SingletonComponent::class)
-object DatabaseModule {
-
-    @Provides
-    @Singleton
-    fun provideDatabase(@ApplicationContext context: Context): AppDatabase {
-        return Room.databaseBuilder(
-            context,
-            AppDatabase::class.java,
-            "app_database"
-        )
-        .fallbackToDestructiveMigration()
-        .build()
-    }
-
-    @Provides
-    fun provideUserDao(database: AppDatabase): UserDao {
-        return database.userDao()
-    }
-}
-```
-
-## 网络层
-
-### Retrofit
-```kotlin
-interface ApiService {
-    @POST("auth/login")
-    suspend fun login(@Body request: LoginRequest): LoginResponse
-
-    @GET("users/{id}")
-    suspend fun getUser(@Path("id") id: Int): User
-
-    @GET("users")
-    suspend fun getUsers(
-        @Query("page") page: Int,
-        @Query("limit") limit: Int = 20
-    ): List<User>
-
-    @Multipart
-    @POST("upload")
-    suspend fun uploadImage(
-        @Part file: MultipartBody.Part
-    ): UploadResponse
-}
-```
-
-### Interceptor
-```kotlin
-class AuthInterceptor(
-    private val tokenManager: TokenManager
-) : Interceptor {
-    override fun intercept(chain: Interceptor.Chain): Response {
-        val original = chain.request()
-        val token = tokenManager.getToken()
-
-        val request = if (token != null) {
-            original.newBuilder()
-                .header("Authorization", "Bearer $token")
-                .build()
-        } else {
-            original
-        }
-
-        return chain.proceed(request)
-    }
-}
-
-class LoggingInterceptor : Interceptor {
-    override fun intercept(chain: Interceptor.Chain): Response {
-        val request = chain.request()
-        Log.d("API", "Request: ${request.method} ${request.url}")
-
-        val response = chain.proceed(request)
-        Log.d("API", "Response: ${response.code}")
-
-        return response
-    }
-}
-```
-
-## 性能优化
-
-### LazyColumn 优化
-```kotlin
-@Composable
-fun OptimizedList(items: List<Item>) {
-    LazyColumn(
-        contentPadding = PaddingValues(16.dp),
-        verticalArrangement = Arrangement.spacedBy(8.dp)
-    ) {
-        items(
-            items = items,
-            key = { it.id } // 关键：提供稳定的 key
-        ) { item ->
-            ItemCard(item)
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-@Composable
-fun ItemCard(item: Item) {
-    // 使用 remember 避免重组时重新计算
-    val formattedDate = remember(item.timestamp) {
-        formatDate(item.timestamp)
-    }
-
-    Card {
-        Text(formattedDate)
-    }
-}
-```
-
-### 图片加载 (Coil)
-```kotlin
-@Composable
-fun AsyncImage(url: String) {
-    AsyncImage(
-        model = ImageRequest.Builder(LocalContext.current)
-            .data(url)
-            .crossfade(true)
-            .memoryCachePolicy(CachePolicy.ENABLED)
-            .diskCachePolicy(CachePolicy.ENABLED)
-            .build(),
-        contentDescription = null,
-        modifier = Modifier.size(200.dp)
-    )
-}
-```
-
-### 避免过度重组
-```kotlin
-@Composable
-fun ExpensiveScreen(data: Data) {
-    // ❌ 错误：每次重组都会创建新实例
-    val processor = DataProcessor()
-
-    // ✅ 正确：使用 remember
-    val processor = remember { DataProcessor() }
-
-    // ✅ 使用 derivedStateOf 避免不必要的重组
-    val filteredData by remember {
-        derivedStateOf {
-            data.items.filter { it.isActive }
-        }
-    }
-}
-```
-
-## 测试
-
-### Unit Test
-```kotlin
-@Test
-fun `login success updates state correctly`() = runTest {
-    val repository = FakeUserRepository()
-    val viewModel = LoginViewModel(repository)
-
-    viewModel.updateUsername("test")
-    viewModel.updatePassword("password")
-    viewModel.login()
-
-    advanceUntilIdle()
-
-    val state = viewModel.uiState.value
-    assertTrue(state.isLoggedIn)
-    assertNull(state.error)
-}
-
-class FakeUserRepository : UserRepository {
-    var loginResult: Result<LoginResponse>? = null
-
-    override suspend fun login(username: String, password: String): Result<LoginResponse> {
-        return loginResult ?: Result.success(
-            LoginResponse("token", User(1, "Test", "test@example.com", ""))
-        )
-    }
-
-    override suspend fun getProfile(): Result<User> {
-        return Result.success(User(1, "Test", "test@example.com", ""))
-    }
-
-    override fun observeUser(): Flow<User?> = flowOf(null)
-}
-```
-
-### UI Test
-```kotlin
-@get:Rule
-val composeTestRule = createComposeRule()
-
-@Test
-fun loginFlow() {
-    composeTestRule.setContent {
-        LoginScreen(onLoginSuccess = {})
-    }
-
-    composeTestRule
-        .onNodeWithText("Username")
-        .performTextInput("testuser")
-
-    composeTestRule
-        .onNodeWithText("Password")
-        .performTextInput("password123")
-
-    composeTestRule
-        .onNodeWithText("Login")
-        .performClick()
-
-    composeTestRule
-        .onNodeWithText("Welcome")
-        .assertIsDisplayed()
-}
-```
-
-## 工具清单
-
-| 工具 | 用途 |
-|------|------|
-| Android Studio | IDE |
-| Gradle | 构建工具 |
-| Hilt | 依赖注入 |
-| Retrofit | 网络请求 |
-| Room | 数据库 |
-| Coil | 图片加载 |
-| LeakCanary | 内存泄漏检测 |
-| Detekt | 代码规范 |
-
-## 最佳实践
-
-- ✅ Jetpack Compose 优先，View 系统按需使用
-- ✅ MVVM 架构 + Repository 模式
-- ✅ StateFlow 替代 LiveData
-- ✅ Kotlin Coroutines 处理异步
-- ✅ Hilt 依赖注入
-- ✅ Room 本地持久化
-- ✅ 使用 key 优化 LazyColumn
-- ✅ remember/derivedStateOf 避免重组
-- ✅ 单元测试覆盖 ViewModel
-- ✅ UI 测试验证关键流程
-
----