clawt 3.9.13 → 3.10.1

package/dist/index.js

@@ -22,592 +22,1775 @@ var PROJECTS_CONFIG_DIR = join(CLAWT_HOME, "projects");
 var INVALID_BRANCH_CHARS = /[\/\\.\s~:*?[\]^]+/g;
 var VALIDATE_BRANCH_PREFIX = "clawt-validate-";
 
+// src/utils/config.ts
+import { existsSync as existsSync3, readFileSync, writeFileSync } from "fs";
+
+// src/utils/fs.ts
+import { existsSync, mkdirSync, readdirSync, rmdirSync, statSync } from "fs";
+import { join as join2 } from "path";
+function ensureDir(dirPath) {
+  if (!existsSync(dirPath)) {
+    mkdirSync(dirPath, { recursive: true });
+  }
+}
+function removeEmptyDir(dirPath) {
+  if (!existsSync(dirPath)) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  const entries = readdirSync(dirPath);
+  if (entries.length === 0) {
+    rmdirSync(dirPath);
+    return true;
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+function calculateDirSize(dirPath) {
+  let totalSize = 0;
+  try {
+    const entries = readdirSync(dirPath, { withFileTypes: true });
+    for (const entry of entries) {
+      const fullPath = join2(dirPath, entry.name);
+      try {
+        if (entry.isDirectory()) {
+          totalSize += calculateDirSize(fullPath);
+        } else if (entry.isFile()) {
+          totalSize += statSync(fullPath).size;
+        }
+      } catch {
+      }
+    }
+  } catch {
+  }
+  return totalSize;
+}
+
+// src/logger/index.ts
+import winston from "winston";
+import DailyRotateFile from "winston-daily-rotate-file";
+import chalk from "chalk";
+import { existsSync as existsSync2, mkdirSync as mkdirSync2 } from "fs";
+if (!existsSync2(LOGS_DIR)) {
+  mkdirSync2(LOGS_DIR, { recursive: true });
+}
+var logFormat = winston.format.printf(({ level, message, timestamp }) => {
+  const upperLevel = level.toUpperCase().padEnd(5);
+  return `[${timestamp}] [${upperLevel}] ${message}`;
+});
+var dailyRotateTransport = new DailyRotateFile({
+  dirname: LOGS_DIR,
+  filename: "clawt-%DATE%.log",
+  datePattern: "YYYY-MM-DD",
+  maxSize: "10m",
+  maxFiles: "30d"
+});
+var logger = winston.createLogger({
+  level: "debug",
+  format: winston.format.combine(
+    winston.format.timestamp({ format: "YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm:ss" }),
+    logFormat
+  ),
+  transports: [dailyRotateTransport]
+});
+var LEVEL_COLORS = {
+  error: chalk.red,
+  warn: chalk.yellow,
+  info: chalk.cyan,
+  debug: chalk.gray
+};
+function colorizeLevel(level) {
+  const colorFn = LEVEL_COLORS[level] || chalk.white;
+  return colorFn(level.toUpperCase().padEnd(5));
+}
+function enableConsoleTransport() {
+  const hasConsole = logger.transports.some(
+    (t) => t instanceof winston.transports.Console
+  );
+  if (hasConsole) {
+    return;
+  }
+  const consoleFormat = winston.format.printf(({ level, message, timestamp }) => {
+    return `${chalk.gray(timestamp)} ${colorizeLevel(level)} ${message}`;
+  });
+  const consoleTransport = new winston.transports.Console({
+    level: "debug",
+    format: winston.format.combine(
+      winston.format.timestamp({ format: DEBUG_TIMESTAMP_FORMAT }),
+      consoleFormat
+    )
+  });
+  logger.add(consoleTransport);
+}
+
+// src/utils/config.ts
+function loadConfig() {
+  if (!existsSync3(CONFIG_PATH)) {
+    return { ...DEFAULT_CONFIG };
+  }
+  try {
+    const raw = readFileSync(CONFIG_PATH, "utf-8");
+    return { ...DEFAULT_CONFIG, ...JSON.parse(raw) };
+  } catch {
+    logger.warn(MESSAGES.CONFIG_CORRUPTED);
+    writeDefaultConfig();
+    return { ...DEFAULT_CONFIG };
+  }
+}
+function writeConfig(config2) {
+  writeFileSync(CONFIG_PATH, JSON.stringify(config2, null, 2), "utf-8");
+}
+function writeDefaultConfig() {
+  writeConfig(DEFAULT_CONFIG);
+}
+function saveConfig(config2) {
+  writeFileSync(CONFIG_PATH, JSON.stringify(config2, null, 2), "utf-8");
+}
+function getConfigValue(key) {
+  const config2 = loadConfig();
+  return config2[key];
+}
+function ensureClawtDirs() {
+  ensureDir(CLAWT_HOME);
+  ensureDir(LOGS_DIR);
+  ensureDir(WORKTREES_DIR);
+  ensureDir(PROJECTS_CONFIG_DIR);
+}
+function parseConcurrency(optionValue, configValue) {
+  if (optionValue === void 0) {
+    return configValue;
+  }
+  const parsed = parseInt(optionValue, 10);
+  if (Number.isNaN(parsed) || parsed < 0) {
+    throw new ClawtError(MESSAGES.CONCURRENCY_INVALID);
+  }
+  return parsed;
+}
+
+// src/utils/i18n.ts
+var currentLanguage = null;
+function getCurrentLanguage() {
+  if (currentLanguage !== null) {
+    return currentLanguage;
+  }
+  try {
+    const config2 = loadConfig();
+    currentLanguage = config2.language || "en";
+  } catch {
+    currentLanguage = "en";
+  }
+  return currentLanguage;
+}
+function resetLanguageCache() {
+  currentLanguage = null;
+}
+function createMessages(i18nMap) {
+  const lang = getCurrentLanguage();
+  const result = {};
+  for (const key of Object.keys(i18nMap)) {
+    result[key] = i18nMap[key][lang];
+  }
+  return result;
+}
+
 // src/constants/messages/common.ts
-var COMMON_MESSAGES = {
+var COMMON_MESSAGES_I18N = {
   /** 不在主 worktree 根目录 */
-  NOT_MAIN_WORKTREE: "\u8BF7\u5728\u4E3B worktree \u7684\u6839\u76EE\u5F55\u4E0B\u6267\u884C clawt",
+  NOT_MAIN_WORKTREE: {
+    en: "Please run clawt in the root directory of the main worktree",
+    "zh-CN": "\u8BF7\u5728\u4E3B worktree \u7684\u6839\u76EE\u5F55\u4E0B\u6267\u884C clawt"
+  },
   /** 不在 git 仓库中 */
-  NOT_GIT_REPO: "\u5F53\u524D\u76EE\u5F55\u4E0D\u662F git \u4ED3\u5E93\uFF0C\u8BF7\u5148\u6267\u884C git init \u5E76\u63D0\u4EA4\u540E\uFF0C\u518D\u6267\u884C clawt init \u521D\u59CB\u5316\u9879\u76EE",
+  NOT_GIT_REPO: {
+    en: "Current directory is not a git repository. Please run git init and make an initial commit, then run clawt init",
+    "zh-CN": "\u5F53\u524D\u76EE\u5F55\u4E0D\u662F git \u4ED3\u5E93\uFF0C\u8BF7\u5148\u6267\u884C git init \u5E76\u63D0\u4EA4\u540E\uFF0C\u518D\u6267\u884C clawt init \u521D\u59CB\u5316\u9879\u76EE"
+  },
   /** Git 未安装 */
-  GIT_NOT_INSTALLED: "Git \u672A\u5B89\u88C5\u6216\u4E0D\u5728 PATH \u4E2D\uFF0C\u8BF7\u5148\u5B89\u88C5 Git",
+  GIT_NOT_INSTALLED: {
+    en: "Git is not installed or not in PATH. Please install Git first",
+    "zh-CN": "Git \u672A\u5B89\u88C5\u6216\u4E0D\u5728 PATH \u4E2D\uFF0C\u8BF7\u5148\u5B89\u88C5 Git"
+  },
   /** Claude Code CLI 未安装 */
-  CLAUDE_NOT_INSTALLED: "Claude Code CLI \u672A\u5B89\u88C5\uFF0C\u8BF7\u5148\u5B89\u88C5\uFF1Anpm install -g @anthropic-ai/claude-code",
+  CLAUDE_NOT_INSTALLED: {
+    en: "Claude Code CLI is not installed. Please install it: npm install -g @anthropic-ai/claude-code",
+    "zh-CN": "Claude Code CLI \u672A\u5B89\u88C5\uFF0C\u8BF7\u5148\u5B89\u88C5\uFF1Anpm install -g @anthropic-ai/claude-code"
+  },
   /** HEAD 不存在（仓库无任何 commit） */
-  HEAD_NOT_FOUND: "\u5F53\u524D\u4ED3\u5E93\u5C1A\u672A\u521B\u5EFA\u4EFB\u4F55\u63D0\u4EA4\uFF0C\u8BF7\u5148\u6267\u884C git commit \u521B\u5EFA\u9996\u6B21\u63D0\u4EA4\u540E\u518D\u4F7F\u7528 clawt",
+  HEAD_NOT_FOUND: {
+    en: "No commits exist in this repository. Please create an initial commit first",
+    "zh-CN": "\u5F53\u524D\u4ED3\u5E93\u5C1A\u672A\u521B\u5EFA\u4EFB\u4F55\u63D0\u4EA4\uFF0C\u8BF7\u5148\u6267\u884C git commit \u521B\u5EFA\u9996\u6B21\u63D0\u4EA4\u540E\u518D\u4F7F\u7528 clawt"
+  },
   /** 分支已存在 */
-  BRANCH_EXISTS: (name) => `\u5206\u652F ${name} \u5DF2\u5B58\u5728\uFF0C\u65E0\u6CD5\u521B\u5EFA`,
+  BRANCH_EXISTS: {
+    en: (name) => `Branch ${name} already exists, cannot create`,
+    "zh-CN": (name) => `\u5206\u652F ${name} \u5DF2\u5B58\u5728\uFF0C\u65E0\u6CD5\u521B\u5EFA`
+  },
   /** 分支名清理后为空 */
-  BRANCH_NAME_EMPTY: (original) => `\u5206\u652F\u540D "${original}" \u4E2D\u4E0D\u5305\u542B\u5408\u6CD5\u5B57\u7B26\uFF0C\u65E0\u6CD5\u521B\u5EFA\u5206\u652F`,
+  BRANCH_NAME_EMPTY: {
+    en: (original) => `Branch name "${original}" contains no valid characters, cannot create branch`,
+    "zh-CN": (original) => `\u5206\u652F\u540D "${original}" \u4E2D\u4E0D\u5305\u542B\u5408\u6CD5\u5B57\u7B26\uFF0C\u65E0\u6CD5\u521B\u5EFA\u5206\u652F`
+  },
   /** 分支名被转换 */
-  BRANCH_SANITIZED: (original, sanitized) => `\u5206\u652F\u540D\u5DF2\u8F6C\u6362: ${original} \u2192 ${sanitized}`,
+  BRANCH_SANITIZED: {
+    en: (original, sanitized) => `Branch name sanitized: ${original} \u2192 ${sanitized}`,
+    "zh-CN": (original, sanitized) => `\u5206\u652F\u540D\u5DF2\u8F6C\u6362: ${original} \u2192 ${sanitized}`
+  },
   /** worktree 创建成功 */
-  WORKTREE_CREATED: (count) => `\u2713 \u5DF2\u521B\u5EFA ${count} \u4E2A worktree`,
+  WORKTREE_CREATED: {
+    en: (count) => `\u2713 Created ${count} worktree(s)`,
+    "zh-CN": (count) => `\u2713 \u5DF2\u521B\u5EFA ${count} \u4E2A worktree`
+  },
   /** worktree 移除成功 */
-  WORKTREE_REMOVED: (path2) => `\u2713 \u5DF2\u79FB\u9664 worktree: ${path2}`,
+  WORKTREE_REMOVED: {
+    en: (path2) => `\u2713 Removed worktree: ${path2}`,
+    "zh-CN": (path2) => `\u2713 \u5DF2\u79FB\u9664 worktree: ${path2}`
+  },
   /** 没有 worktree */
-  NO_WORKTREES: "(\u65E0 worktree)",
+  NO_WORKTREES: {
+    en: "(No worktrees)",
+    "zh-CN": "(\u65E0 worktree)"
+  },
   /** 目标 worktree 不存在 */
-  WORKTREE_NOT_FOUND: (name) => `worktree ${name} \u4E0D\u5B58\u5728`,
+  WORKTREE_NOT_FOUND: {
+    en: (name) => `Worktree ${name} does not exist`,
+    "zh-CN": (name) => `worktree ${name} \u4E0D\u5B58\u5728`
+  },
   /** 主 worktree 有未提交更改 */
-  MAIN_WORKTREE_DIRTY: "\u4E3B worktree \u6709\u672A\u63D0\u4EA4\u7684\u66F4\u6539\uFF0C\u8BF7\u5148\u5904\u7406",
+  MAIN_WORKTREE_DIRTY: {
+    en: "Main worktree has uncommitted changes. Please resolve first",
+    "zh-CN": "\u4E3B worktree \u6709\u672A\u63D0\u4EA4\u7684\u66F4\u6539\uFF0C\u8BF7\u5148\u5904\u7406"
+  },
   /** 目标 worktree 无更改 */
-  TARGET_WORKTREE_CLEAN: "\u8BE5 worktree \u7684\u5206\u652F\u4E0A\u6CA1\u6709\u4EFB\u4F55\u66F4\u6539\uFF0C\u65E0\u9700\u9A8C\u8BC1",
+  TARGET_WORKTREE_CLEAN: {
+    en: "No changes on this worktree branch, nothing to validate",
+    "zh-CN": "\u8BE5 worktree \u7684\u5206\u652F\u4E0A\u6CA1\u6709\u4EFB\u4F55\u66F4\u6539\uFF0C\u65E0\u9700\u9A8C\u8BC1"
+  },
   /** 用户取消破坏性操作 */
-  DESTRUCTIVE_OP_CANCELLED: "\u5DF2\u53D6\u6D88\u64CD\u4F5C",
+  DESTRUCTIVE_OP_CANCELLED: {
+    en: "Operation cancelled",
+    "zh-CN": "\u5DF2\u53D6\u6D88\u64CD\u4F5C"
+  },
   /** 请提供提交信息 */
-  COMMIT_MESSAGE_REQUIRED: "\u8BF7\u63D0\u4F9B\u63D0\u4EA4\u4FE1\u606F\uFF08-m \u53C2\u6570\uFF09",
+  COMMIT_MESSAGE_REQUIRED: {
+    en: "Please provide a commit message (-m option)",
+    "zh-CN": "\u8BF7\u63D0\u4F9B\u63D0\u4EA4\u4FE1\u606F\uFF08-m \u53C2\u6570\uFF09"
+  },
   /** 配置文件损坏，已重新生成默认配置 */
-  CONFIG_CORRUPTED: "\u914D\u7F6E\u6587\u4EF6\u635F\u574F\u6216\u65E0\u6CD5\u89E3\u6790\uFF0C\u5DF2\u91CD\u65B0\u751F\u6210\u9ED8\u8BA4\u914D\u7F6E",
+  CONFIG_CORRUPTED: {
+    en: "Config file corrupted or unparseable, regenerated default config",
+    "zh-CN": "\u914D\u7F6E\u6587\u4EF6\u635F\u574F\u6216\u65E0\u6CD5\u89E3\u6790\uFF0C\u5DF2\u91CD\u65B0\u751F\u6210\u9ED8\u8BA4\u914D\u7F6E"
+  },
   /** worktree 状态获取失败 */
-  WORKTREE_STATUS_UNAVAILABLE: "(\u72B6\u6001\u4E0D\u53EF\u7528)",
+  WORKTREE_STATUS_UNAVAILABLE: {
+    en: "(Status unavailable)",
+    "zh-CN": "(\u72B6\u6001\u4E0D\u53EF\u7528)"
+  },
   /** 分隔线 */
-  SEPARATOR: "\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500",
+  SEPARATOR: {
+    en: "\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500",
+    "zh-CN": "\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500"
+  },
   /** 粗分隔线 */
-  DOUBLE_SEPARATOR: "\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550",
+  DOUBLE_SEPARATOR: {
+    en: "\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550",
+    "zh-CN": "\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550"
+  },
   /** 守卫检测：配置的主工作分支已不存在 */
-  GUARD_BRANCH_NOT_EXISTS: (branchName) => `\u914D\u7F6E\u7684\u4E3B\u5DE5\u4F5C\u5206\u652F ${branchName} \u5DF2\u4E0D\u5B58\u5728\uFF0C\u8BF7\u6267\u884C clawt init \u91CD\u65B0\u8BBE\u7F6E\u4E3B\u5DE5\u4F5C\u5206\u652F`,
+  GUARD_BRANCH_NOT_EXISTS: {
+    en: (branchName) => `Configured main work branch ${branchName} no longer exists. Please run clawt init to reset`,
+    "zh-CN": (branchName) => `\u914D\u7F6E\u7684\u4E3B\u5DE5\u4F5C\u5206\u652F ${branchName} \u5DF2\u4E0D\u5B58\u5728\uFF0C\u8BF7\u6267\u884C clawt init \u91CD\u65B0\u8BBE\u7F6E\u4E3B\u5DE5\u4F5C\u5206\u652F`
+  },
   /** 守卫检测：当前分支与配置的主工作分支不一致 */
-  GUARD_BRANCH_MISMATCH: (configuredBranch, currentBranch) => `\u5F53\u524D\u5206\u652F ${currentBranch} \u4E0E\u914D\u7F6E\u7684\u4E3B\u5DE5\u4F5C\u5206\u652F ${configuredBranch} \u4E0D\u4E00\u81F4\uFF0C\u5982\u9700\u66F4\u65B0\u8BF7\u6267\u884C clawt init`,
+  GUARD_BRANCH_MISMATCH: {
+    en: (configuredBranch, currentBranch) => `Current branch ${currentBranch} does not match configured main work branch ${configuredBranch}. Run clawt init to update`,
+    "zh-CN": (configuredBranch, currentBranch) => `\u5F53\u524D\u5206\u652F ${currentBranch} \u4E0E\u914D\u7F6E\u7684\u4E3B\u5DE5\u4F5C\u5206\u652F ${configuredBranch} \u4E0D\u4E00\u81F4\uFF0C\u5982\u9700\u66F4\u65B0\u8BF7\u6267\u884C clawt init`
+  },
   /** Git index 被锁定（index.lock 存在） */
-  GIT_INDEX_LOCKED: (lockFilePath) => `Git index \u88AB\u9501\u5B9A\uFF0C\u65E0\u6CD5\u6267\u884C\u64CD\u4F5C
+  GIT_INDEX_LOCKED: {
+    en: (lockFilePath) => `Git index is locked, cannot proceed
+  Cause: Lock file exists (possibly from an interrupted git operation)
+  Lock file path: ${lockFilePath}
+  Fix: Confirm no other git operations are running, then run:
+  rm ${lockFilePath}`,
+    "zh-CN": (lockFilePath) => `Git index \u88AB\u9501\u5B9A\uFF0C\u65E0\u6CD5\u6267\u884C\u64CD\u4F5C
   \u539F\u56E0\uFF1A\u9501\u6587\u4EF6\u5DF2\u5B58\u5728\uFF08\u53EF\u80FD\u662F\u4E0A\u6B21 git \u64CD\u4F5C\u5F02\u5E38\u4E2D\u65AD\u6B8B\u7559\uFF09
   \u9501\u6587\u4EF6\u8DEF\u5F84\uFF1A${lockFilePath}
   \u4FEE\u590D\u65B9\u6CD5\uFF1A\u786E\u8BA4\u6CA1\u6709\u5176\u4ED6 git \u64CD\u4F5C\u5728\u8FDB\u884C\u540E\uFF0C\u6267\u884C\u4EE5\u4E0B\u547D\u4EE4\u5220\u9664\u9501\u6587\u4EF6\uFF1A
-  rm ${lockFilePath}`,
+  rm ${lockFilePath}`
+  },
   /** Git index.lock 重试中（简短提示） */
-  GIT_INDEX_LOCK_RETRYING: "Git index \u88AB\u9501\u5B9A\uFF0C\u6B63\u5728\u91CD\u8BD5..."
+  GIT_INDEX_LOCK_RETRYING: {
+    en: "Git index is locked, retrying...",
+    "zh-CN": "Git index \u88AB\u9501\u5B9A\uFF0C\u6B63\u5728\u91CD\u8BD5..."
+  },
+  // --- 从 formatter.ts 迁移 ---
+  /** 是否继续？ */
+  CONFIRM_CONTINUE: {
+    en: "Continue?",
+    "zh-CN": "\u662F\u5426\u7EE7\u7EED\uFF1F"
+  },
+  /** 无变更 */
+  NO_CHANGES: {
+    en: "No changes",
+    "zh-CN": "\u65E0\u53D8\u66F4"
+  },
+  /** 未提交修改 */
+  UNCOMMITTED_CHANGES: {
+    en: "(uncommitted changes)",
+    "zh-CN": "(\u672A\u63D0\u4EA4\u4FEE\u6539)"
+  },
+  /** 提交数 */
+  COMMIT_COUNT: {
+    en: (n) => `${n} commit(s)`,
+    "zh-CN": (n) => `${n} \u4E2A\u63D0\u4EA4`
+  },
+  /** 刚刚 */
+  JUST_NOW: {
+    en: "just now",
+    "zh-CN": "\u521A\u521A"
+  },
+  /** N 分钟前 */
+  MINUTES_AGO: {
+    en: (n) => `${n} min ago`,
+    "zh-CN": (n) => `${n} \u5206\u949F\u524D`
+  },
+  /** N 小时前 */
+  HOURS_AGO: {
+    en: (n) => `${n} hr ago`,
+    "zh-CN": (n) => `${n} \u5C0F\u65F6\u524D`
+  },
+  /** N 天前 */
+  DAYS_AGO: {
+    en: (n) => `${n} day(s) ago`,
+    "zh-CN": (n) => `${n} \u5929\u524D`
+  },
+  /** N 个月前 */
+  MONTHS_AGO: {
+    en: (n) => `${n} month(s) ago`,
+    "zh-CN": (n) => `${n} \u4E2A\u6708\u524D`
+  },
+  /** N 年前 */
+  YEARS_AGO: {
+    en: (n) => `${n} year(s) ago`,
+    "zh-CN": (n) => `${n} \u5E74\u524D`
+  },
+  /** 未知错误 */
+  UNKNOWN_ERROR: {
+    en: "Unknown error",
+    "zh-CN": "\u672A\u77E5\u9519\u8BEF"
+  },
+  // --- 从 ui-prompts.ts 迁移 ---
+  /** 非交互模式下无法进行分支选择 */
+  NON_INTERACTIVE_BRANCH_SELECT: {
+    en: "Cannot select branch in non-interactive mode. Please use -b to specify branch",
+    "zh-CN": "\u975E\u4EA4\u4E92\u6A21\u5F0F\u4E0B\u65E0\u6CD5\u8FDB\u884C\u5206\u652F\u9009\u62E9\uFF0C\u8BF7\u4F7F\u7528 -b \u6307\u5B9A\u5206\u652F"
+  },
+  /** 非交互模式下无法进行分支多选 */
+  NON_INTERACTIVE_MULTI_SELECT: {
+    en: "Cannot multi-select branches in non-interactive mode",
+    "zh-CN": "\u975E\u4EA4\u4E92\u6A21\u5F0F\u4E0B\u65E0\u6CD5\u8FDB\u884C\u5206\u652F\u591A\u9009"
+  },
+  // --- 从 worktree-matcher.ts 迁移 ---
+  /** 今天 */
+  TODAY: {
+    en: "Today",
+    "zh-CN": "\u4ECA\u5929"
+  },
+  /** 昨天 */
+  YESTERDAY: {
+    en: "Yesterday",
+    "zh-CN": "\u6628\u5929"
+  },
+  // --- 从 config-strategy.ts 迁移 ---
+  /** （未设置） */
+  NOT_SET: {
+    en: "(not set)",
+    "zh-CN": "(\u672A\u8BBE\u7F6E)"
+  },
+  /** 非交互模式下无法使用交互式配置编辑器 */
+  NON_INTERACTIVE_CONFIG_EDITOR: {
+    en: "Cannot use interactive config editor in non-interactive mode. Please use: clawt config set <key> <value>",
+    "zh-CN": "\u975E\u4EA4\u4E92\u6A21\u5F0F\u4E0B\u65E0\u6CD5\u4F7F\u7528\u4EA4\u4E92\u5F0F\u914D\u7F6E\u7F16\u8F91\u5668\uFF0C\u8BF7\u4F7F\u7528 clawt config set <key> <value>"
+  },
+  /** 请输入有效的数字 */
+  INVALID_NUMBER_PROMPT: {
+    en: "Please enter a valid number",
+    "zh-CN": "\u8BF7\u8F93\u5165\u6709\u6548\u7684\u6570\u5B57"
+  },
+  // --- 从 commands/config.ts 迁移 ---
+  /** 当前配置将被覆盖为默认值 */
+  CONFIG_RESET_WARNING: {
+    en: "Current configuration will be reset to defaults",
+    "zh-CN": "\u5F53\u524D\u914D\u7F6E\u5C06\u88AB\u8986\u76D6\u4E3A\u9ED8\u8BA4\u503C"
+  }
 };
+var COMMON_MESSAGES = createMessages(COMMON_MESSAGES_I18N);
 
 // src/constants/messages/run.ts
-var RUN_MESSAGES = {
+var RUN_MESSAGES_I18N = {
   /** 分支已存在时提示使用 resume */
-  BRANCH_EXISTS_USE_RESUME: (name) => `\u5206\u652F ${name} \u5DF2\u5B58\u5728\uFF0C\u8BF7\u4F7F\u7528 clawt resume -b ${name} \u6062\u590D\u4F1A\u8BDD`,
+  BRANCH_EXISTS_USE_RESUME: {
+    en: (name) => `Branch ${name} already exists, please use clawt resume -b ${name} to resume session`,
+    "zh-CN": (name) => `\u5206\u652F ${name} \u5DF2\u5B58\u5728\uFF0C\u8BF7\u4F7F\u7528 clawt resume -b ${name} \u6062\u590D\u4F1A\u8BDD`
+  },
   /** 检测到用户中断 */
-  INTERRUPTED: "\u68C0\u6D4B\u5230\u9000\u51FA\u6307\u4EE4\uFF0C\u5DF2\u505C\u6B62 Claude Code \u4EFB\u52A1",
+  INTERRUPTED: {
+    en: "Exit signal detected, Claude Code tasks stopped",
+    "zh-CN": "\u68C0\u6D4B\u5230\u9000\u51FA\u6307\u4EE4\uFF0C\u5DF2\u505C\u6B62 Claude Code \u4EFB\u52A1"
+  },
   /** 中断后自动清理完成 */
-  INTERRUPT_AUTO_CLEANED: (count) => `\u2713 \u5DF2\u81EA\u52A8\u6E05\u7406 ${count} \u4E2A worktree \u548C\u5BF9\u5E94\u5206\u652F`,
+  INTERRUPT_AUTO_CLEANED: {
+    en: (count) => `\u2713 Auto-cleaned ${count} worktree(s) and corresponding branches`,
+    "zh-CN": (count) => `\u2713 \u5DF2\u81EA\u52A8\u6E05\u7406 ${count} \u4E2A worktree \u548C\u5BF9\u5E94\u5206\u652F`
+  },
   /** 中断后手动确认清理 */
-  INTERRUPT_CONFIRM_CLEANUP: "\u662F\u5426\u79FB\u9664\u521A\u521A\u521B\u5EFA\u7684 worktree \u548C\u5BF9\u5E94\u5206\u652F\uFF1F",
+  INTERRUPT_CONFIRM_CLEANUP: {
+    en: "Remove the newly created worktrees and corresponding branches?",
+    "zh-CN": "\u662F\u5426\u79FB\u9664\u521A\u521A\u521B\u5EFA\u7684 worktree \u548C\u5BF9\u5E94\u5206\u652F\uFF1F"
+  },
   /** 中断后清理完成 */
-  INTERRUPT_CLEANED: (count) => `\u2713 \u5DF2\u6E05\u7406 ${count} \u4E2A worktree \u548C\u5BF9\u5E94\u5206\u652F`,
+  INTERRUPT_CLEANED: {
+    en: (count) => `\u2713 Cleaned ${count} worktree(s) and corresponding branches`,
+    "zh-CN": (count) => `\u2713 \u5DF2\u6E05\u7406 ${count} \u4E2A worktree \u548C\u5BF9\u5E94\u5206\u652F`
+  },
   /** 中断后保留 worktree */
-  INTERRUPT_KEPT: "\u5DF2\u4FDD\u7559 worktree\uFF0C\u53EF\u7A0D\u540E\u4F7F\u7528 clawt remove \u624B\u52A8\u6E05\u7406",
+  INTERRUPT_KEPT: {
+    en: "Worktrees kept, use clawt remove to clean up later",
+    "zh-CN": "\u5DF2\u4FDD\u7559 worktree\uFF0C\u53EF\u7A0D\u540E\u4F7F\u7528 clawt remove \u624B\u52A8\u6E05\u7406"
+  },
   /** 非 TTY 环境降级输出：任务启动 */
-  PROGRESS_TASK_STARTED: (index, total, branch, path2) => `[${index}/${total}] ${branch} \u542F\u52A8  ${path2}`,
+  PROGRESS_TASK_STARTED: {
+    en: (index, total, branch, path2) => `[${index}/${total}] ${branch} started  ${path2}`,
+    "zh-CN": (index, total, branch, path2) => `[${index}/${total}] ${branch} \u542F\u52A8  ${path2}`
+  },
   /** 非 TTY 环境降级输出：任务完成 */
-  PROGRESS_TASK_DONE: (index, total, branch, duration, cost, detail) => `[${index}/${total}] ${branch} \u2713 \u5B8C\u6210 ${duration} ${cost}  ${detail}`,
+  PROGRESS_TASK_DONE: {
+    en: (index, total, branch, duration, cost, detail) => `[${index}/${total}] ${branch} \u2713 done ${duration} ${cost}  ${detail}`,
+    "zh-CN": (index, total, branch, duration, cost, detail) => `[${index}/${total}] ${branch} \u2713 \u5B8C\u6210 ${duration} ${cost}  ${detail}`
+  },
   /** 非 TTY 环境降级输出：任务失败 */
-  PROGRESS_TASK_FAILED: (index, total, branch, duration, detail) => `[${index}/${total}] ${branch} \u2717 \u5931\u8D25 ${duration}  ${detail}`,
+  PROGRESS_TASK_FAILED: {
+    en: (index, total, branch, duration, detail) => `[${index}/${total}] ${branch} \u2717 failed ${duration}  ${detail}`,
+    "zh-CN": (index, total, branch, duration, detail) => `[${index}/${total}] ${branch} \u2717 \u5931\u8D25 ${duration}  ${detail}`
+  },
   /** 并发限制提示 */
-  CONCURRENCY_INFO: (concurrency, total) => `\u5E76\u53D1\u9650\u5236: ${concurrency}\uFF0C\u5171 ${total} \u4E2A\u4EFB\u52A1`,
+  CONCURRENCY_INFO: {
+    en: (concurrency, total) => `Concurrency: ${concurrency}, total tasks: ${total}`,
+    "zh-CN": (concurrency, total) => `\u5E76\u53D1\u9650\u5236: ${concurrency}\uFF0C\u5171 ${total} \u4E2A\u4EFB\u52A1`
+  },
   /** 并发数无效提示 */
-  CONCURRENCY_INVALID: "\u5E76\u53D1\u6570\u5FC5\u987B\u4E3A\u6B63\u6574\u6570",
+  CONCURRENCY_INVALID: {
+    en: "Concurrency must be a positive integer",
+    "zh-CN": "\u5E76\u53D1\u6570\u5FC5\u987B\u4E3A\u6B63\u6574\u6570"
+  },
   /** 任务文件不存在 */
-  TASK_FILE_NOT_FOUND: (path2) => `\u4EFB\u52A1\u6587\u4EF6\u4E0D\u5B58\u5728: ${path2}`,
+  TASK_FILE_NOT_FOUND: {
+    en: (path2) => `Task file not found: ${path2}`,
+    "zh-CN": (path2) => `\u4EFB\u52A1\u6587\u4EF6\u4E0D\u5B58\u5728: ${path2}`
+  },
   /** 任务文件中没有解析到有效任务 */
-  TASK_FILE_EMPTY: "\u4EFB\u52A1\u6587\u4EF6\u4E2D\u6CA1\u6709\u89E3\u6790\u5230\u6709\u6548\u4EFB\u52A1",
+  TASK_FILE_EMPTY: {
+    en: "No valid tasks found in the task file",
+    "zh-CN": "\u4EFB\u52A1\u6587\u4EF6\u4E2D\u6CA1\u6709\u89E3\u6790\u5230\u6709\u6548\u4EFB\u52A1"
+  },
   /** 任务文件中某个任务块缺少分支名 */
-  TASK_FILE_MISSING_BRANCH: (blockIndex) => `\u4EFB\u52A1\u6587\u4EF6\u7B2C ${blockIndex} \u4E2A\u4EFB\u52A1\u5757\u7F3A\u5C11\u5206\u652F\u540D\uFF08# branch: ...\uFF09`,
+  TASK_FILE_MISSING_BRANCH: {
+    en: (blockIndex) => `Task block #${blockIndex} is missing branch name (# branch: ...)`,
+    "zh-CN": (blockIndex) => `\u4EFB\u52A1\u6587\u4EF6\u7B2C ${blockIndex} \u4E2A\u4EFB\u52A1\u5757\u7F3A\u5C11\u5206\u652F\u540D\uFF08# branch: ...\uFF09`
+  },
   /** 任务文件中某个任务块缺少任务描述 */
-  TASK_FILE_MISSING_TASK: (branch) => `\u4EFB\u52A1\u6587\u4EF6\u4E2D\u5206\u652F ${branch} \u7F3A\u5C11\u4EFB\u52A1\u63CF\u8FF0`,
+  TASK_FILE_MISSING_TASK: {
+    en: (branch) => `Task file is missing task description for branch ${branch}`,
+    "zh-CN": (branch) => `\u4EFB\u52A1\u6587\u4EF6\u4E2D\u5206\u652F ${branch} \u7F3A\u5C11\u4EFB\u52A1\u63CF\u8FF0`
+  },
   /** 任务文件中某个任务块缺少任务描述（无分支名时按索引定位） */
-  TASK_FILE_MISSING_TASK_BY_INDEX: (blockIndex) => `\u4EFB\u52A1\u6587\u4EF6\u7B2C ${blockIndex} \u4E2A\u4EFB\u52A1\u5757\u7F3A\u5C11\u4EFB\u52A1\u63CF\u8FF0`,
+  TASK_FILE_MISSING_TASK_BY_INDEX: {
+    en: (blockIndex) => `Task block #${blockIndex} is missing task description`,
+    "zh-CN": (blockIndex) => `\u4EFB\u52A1\u6587\u4EF6\u7B2C ${blockIndex} \u4E2A\u4EFB\u52A1\u5757\u7F3A\u5C11\u4EFB\u52A1\u63CF\u8FF0`
+  },
   /** --file 和 --tasks 不能同时使用 */
-  FILE_AND_TASKS_CONFLICT: "--file \u548C --tasks \u4E0D\u80FD\u540C\u65F6\u4F7F\u7528",
+  FILE_AND_TASKS_CONFLICT: {
+    en: "--file and --tasks cannot be used together",
+    "zh-CN": "--file \u548C --tasks \u4E0D\u80FD\u540C\u65F6\u4F7F\u7528"
+  },
   /** 任务文件加载成功 */
-  TASK_FILE_LOADED: (count, path2) => `\u2713 \u4ECE ${path2} \u52A0\u8F7D\u4E86 ${count} \u4E2A\u4EFB\u52A1`,
+  TASK_FILE_LOADED: {
+    en: (count, path2) => `\u2713 Loaded ${count} task(s) from ${path2}`,
+    "zh-CN": (count, path2) => `\u2713 \u4ECE ${path2} \u52A0\u8F7D\u4E86 ${count} \u4E2A\u4EFB\u52A1`
+  },
   /** 未指定 -b 或 -f */
-  BRANCH_OR_FILE_REQUIRED: "\u8BF7\u6307\u5B9A -b \u5206\u652F\u540D\u6216 -f \u4EFB\u52A1\u6587\u4EF6",
+  BRANCH_OR_FILE_REQUIRED: {
+    en: "Please specify -b <branch> or -f <task-file>",
+    "zh-CN": "\u8BF7\u6307\u5B9A -b \u5206\u652F\u540D\u6216 -f \u4EFB\u52A1\u6587\u4EF6"
+  },
   /** dry-run 预览标题 */
-  DRY_RUN_TITLE: "Dry Run \u9884\u89C8",
+  DRY_RUN_TITLE: {
+    en: "Dry Run Preview",
+    "zh-CN": "Dry Run \u9884\u89C8"
+  },
   /** dry-run 任务数量 */
-  DRY_RUN_TASK_COUNT: (count) => `\u4EFB\u52A1\u6570: ${count}`,
+  DRY_RUN_TASK_COUNT: {
+    en: (count) => `Tasks: ${count}`,
+    "zh-CN": (count) => `\u4EFB\u52A1\u6570: ${count}`
+  },
   /** dry-run 并发数 */
-  DRY_RUN_CONCURRENCY: (concurrency) => `\u5E76\u53D1\u6570: ${concurrency === 0 ? "\u4E0D\u9650\u5236" : concurrency}`,
+  DRY_RUN_CONCURRENCY: {
+    en: (concurrency) => `Concurrency: ${concurrency === 0 ? "unlimited" : concurrency}`,
+    "zh-CN": (concurrency) => `\u5E76\u53D1\u6570: ${concurrency === 0 ? "\u4E0D\u9650\u5236" : concurrency}`
+  },
   /** dry-run worktree 目录 */
-  DRY_RUN_WORKTREE_DIR: (dir) => `Worktree: ${dir}`,
+  DRY_RUN_WORKTREE_DIR: {
+    en: (dir) => `Worktree: ${dir}`,
+    "zh-CN": (dir) => `Worktree: ${dir}`
+  },
   /** dry-run 分支已存在警告 */
-  DRY_RUN_BRANCH_EXISTS_WARNING: (name) => `\u5206\u652F ${name} \u5DF2\u5B58\u5728`,
+  DRY_RUN_BRANCH_EXISTS_WARNING: {
+    en: (name) => `Branch ${name} already exists`,
+    "zh-CN": (name) => `\u5206\u652F ${name} \u5DF2\u5B58\u5728`
+  },
   /** dry-run 交互式模式提示（无任务描述） */
-  DRY_RUN_INTERACTIVE_MODE: "\u6A21\u5F0F: \u4EA4\u4E92\u5F0F\uFF08\u65E0\u9884\u8BBE\u4EFB\u52A1\uFF09",
+  DRY_RUN_INTERACTIVE_MODE: {
+    en: "Mode: Interactive (no preset task)",
+    "zh-CN": "\u6A21\u5F0F: \u4EA4\u4E92\u5F0F\uFF08\u65E0\u9884\u8BBE\u4EFB\u52A1\uFF09"
+  },
   /** dry-run 预览完成且无冲突 */
-  DRY_RUN_READY: "\u9884\u89C8\u5B8C\u6210\uFF0C\u65E0\u51B2\u7A81\u3002\u79FB\u9664 --dry-run \u5373\u53EF\u6B63\u5F0F\u6267\u884C\u3002",
+  DRY_RUN_READY: {
+    en: "Preview complete, no conflicts. Remove --dry-run to execute.",
+    "zh-CN": "\u9884\u89C8\u5B8C\u6210\uFF0C\u65E0\u51B2\u7A81\u3002\u79FB\u9664 --dry-run \u5373\u53EF\u6B63\u5F0F\u6267\u884C\u3002"
+  },
   /** dry-run 存在分支冲突 */
-  DRY_RUN_HAS_CONFLICT: "\u5B58\u5728\u5206\u652F\u51B2\u7A81\uFF0C\u5B9E\u9645\u6267\u884C\u65F6\u5C06\u4F1A\u62A5\u9519\u3002\u8BF7\u5148\u5904\u7406\u51B2\u7A81\u7684\u5206\u652F\u3002"
+  DRY_RUN_HAS_CONFLICT: {
+    en: "Branch conflicts detected. Execution will fail. Please resolve conflicting branches first.",
+    "zh-CN": "\u5B58\u5728\u5206\u652F\u51B2\u7A81\uFF0C\u5B9E\u9645\u6267\u884C\u65F6\u5C06\u4F1A\u62A5\u9519\u3002\u8BF7\u5148\u5904\u7406\u51B2\u7A81\u7684\u5206\u652F\u3002"
+  },
+  // --- 从 dry-run.ts 迁移 ---
+  /** 路径标签 */
+  PATH_LABEL: {
+    en: "Path:",
+    "zh-CN": "\u8DEF\u5F84:"
+  },
+  /** 任务标签 */
+  TASK_LABEL: {
+    en: "Task:",
+    "zh-CN": "\u4EFB\u52A1:"
+  },
+  // --- 从 task-executor.ts 迁移 ---
+  /** 任务执行失败 */
+  TASK_FAILED: {
+    en: "Task execution failed",
+    "zh-CN": "\u4EFB\u52A1\u6267\u884C\u5931\u8D25"
+  },
+  /** 全部任务已完成 */
+  ALL_TASKS_COMPLETED: {
+    en: (total) => `All tasks completed (${total}/${total})`,
+    "zh-CN": (total) => `\u5168\u90E8\u4EFB\u52A1\u5DF2\u5B8C\u6210 (${total}/${total})`
+  },
+  /** 成功标签 */
+  SUCCESS_LABEL: {
+    en: "Succeeded:",
+    "zh-CN": "\u6210\u529F:"
+  },
+  /** 失败标签 */
+  FAILURE_LABEL: {
+    en: "Failed:",
+    "zh-CN": "\u5931\u8D25:"
+  },
+  /** 总耗时标签 */
+  TOTAL_DURATION_LABEL: {
+    en: "Total duration:",
+    "zh-CN": "\u603B\u8017\u65F6:"
+  },
+  /** 总花费标签 */
+  TOTAL_COST_LABEL: {
+    en: "Total cost:",
+    "zh-CN": "\u603B\u82B1\u8D39:"
+  }
 };
+var RUN_MESSAGES = createMessages(RUN_MESSAGES_I18N);
 
 // src/constants/messages/create.ts
-var CREATE_MESSAGES = {
+var CREATE_MESSAGES_I18N = {
   /** 创建数量参数无效 */
-  INVALID_COUNT: (value) => `\u65E0\u6548\u7684\u521B\u5EFA\u6570\u91CF: "${value}"\uFF0C\u8BF7\u8F93\u5165\u6B63\u6574\u6570`,
+  INVALID_COUNT: {
+    en: (value) => `Invalid count: "${value}", please enter a positive integer`,
+    "zh-CN": (value) => `\u65E0\u6548\u7684\u521B\u5EFA\u6570\u91CF: "${value}"\uFF0C\u8BF7\u8F93\u5165\u6B63\u6574\u6570`
+  },
   /** 当前不在主工作分支上的警告 */
-  CREATE_WARN_NOT_ON_MAIN_BRANCH: (mainBranch, currentBranch) => `\u5F53\u524D\u4E0D\u5728\u4E3B\u5DE5\u4F5C\u5206\u652F ${mainBranch} \u4E0A\uFF08\u5F53\u524D: ${currentBranch}\uFF09`
+  CREATE_WARN_NOT_ON_MAIN_BRANCH: {
+    en: (mainBranch, currentBranch) => `Not on main work branch ${mainBranch} (current: ${currentBranch})`,
+    "zh-CN": (mainBranch, currentBranch) => `\u5F53\u524D\u4E0D\u5728\u4E3B\u5DE5\u4F5C\u5206\u652F ${mainBranch} \u4E0A\uFF08\u5F53\u524D: ${currentBranch}\uFF09`
+  }
 };
+var CREATE_MESSAGES = createMessages(CREATE_MESSAGES_I18N);
 
 // src/constants/messages/merge.ts
-var MERGE_MESSAGES = {
+var MERGE_MESSAGES_I18N = {
   /** merge 成功 */
-  MERGE_SUCCESS: (branch, message, pushed) => `\u2713 \u5206\u652F ${branch} \u5DF2\u6210\u529F\u5408\u5E76\u5230\u5F53\u524D\u5206\u652F
-  \u63D0\u4EA4\u4FE1\u606F: ${message}${pushed ? "\n  \u5DF2\u63A8\u9001\u5230\u8FDC\u7A0B\u4ED3\u5E93" : ""}`,
+  MERGE_SUCCESS: {
+    en: (branch, message, pushed) => `\u2713 Branch ${branch} successfully merged into current branch
+  Commit message: ${message}${pushed ? "\n  Pushed to remote" : ""}`,
+    "zh-CN": (branch, message, pushed) => `\u2713 \u5206\u652F ${branch} \u5DF2\u6210\u529F\u5408\u5E76\u5230\u5F53\u524D\u5206\u652F
+  \u63D0\u4EA4\u4FE1\u606F: ${message}${pushed ? "\n  \u5DF2\u63A8\u9001\u5230\u8FDC\u7A0B\u4ED3\u5E93" : ""}`
+  },
   /** merge 成功（无提交信息，目标 worktree 已提交过） */
-  MERGE_SUCCESS_NO_MESSAGE: (branch, pushed) => `\u2713 \u5206\u652F ${branch} \u5DF2\u6210\u529F\u5408\u5E76\u5230\u5F53\u524D\u5206\u652F${pushed ? "\n  \u5DF2\u63A8\u9001\u5230\u8FDC\u7A0B\u4ED3\u5E93" : ""}`,
+  MERGE_SUCCESS_NO_MESSAGE: {
+    en: (branch, pushed) => `\u2713 Branch ${branch} successfully merged into current branch${pushed ? "\n  Pushed to remote" : ""}`,
+    "zh-CN": (branch, pushed) => `\u2713 \u5206\u652F ${branch} \u5DF2\u6210\u529F\u5408\u5E76\u5230\u5F53\u524D\u5206\u652F${pushed ? "\n  \u5DF2\u63A8\u9001\u5230\u8FDC\u7A0B\u4ED3\u5E93" : ""}`
+  },
   /** merge 冲突 */
-  MERGE_CONFLICT: "\u5408\u5E76\u5B58\u5728\u51B2\u7A81\uFF0C\u8BF7\u624B\u52A8\u5904\u7406\uFF1A\n  \u89E3\u51B3\u51B2\u7A81\u540E\u6267\u884C git add . && git merge --continue",
+  MERGE_CONFLICT: {
+    en: "Merge has conflicts, please resolve manually:\n  After resolving, run git add . && git merge --continue",
+    "zh-CN": "\u5408\u5E76\u5B58\u5728\u51B2\u7A81\uFF0C\u8BF7\u624B\u52A8\u5904\u7406\uFF1A\n  \u89E3\u51B3\u51B2\u7A81\u540E\u6267\u884C git add . && git merge --continue"
+  },
   /** merge 后清理 worktree 和分支成功 */
-  WORKTREE_CLEANED: (branch) => `\u2713 \u5DF2\u6E05\u7406 worktree \u548C\u5206\u652F: ${branch}`,
+  WORKTREE_CLEANED: {
+    en: (branch) => `\u2713 Cleaned worktree and branch: ${branch}`,
+    "zh-CN": (branch) => `\u2713 \u5DF2\u6E05\u7406 worktree \u548C\u5206\u652F: ${branch}`
+  },
   /** 目标 worktree 有未提交修改但未指定 -m */
-  TARGET_WORKTREE_DIRTY_NO_MESSAGE: (worktreePath) => `${worktreePath} \u6709\u672A\u63D0\u4EA4\u7684\u4FEE\u6539\uFF0C\u8BF7\u901A\u8FC7 -m \u53C2\u6570\u63D0\u4F9B\u63D0\u4EA4\u4FE1\u606F`,
+  TARGET_WORKTREE_DIRTY_NO_MESSAGE: {
+    en: (worktreePath) => `${worktreePath} has uncommitted changes, please provide a commit message via -m option`,
+    "zh-CN": (worktreePath) => `${worktreePath} \u6709\u672A\u63D0\u4EA4\u7684\u4FEE\u6539\uFF0C\u8BF7\u901A\u8FC7 -m \u53C2\u6570\u63D0\u4F9B\u63D0\u4EA4\u4FE1\u606F`
+  },
   /** 目标 worktree 既干净又无本地提交 */
-  TARGET_WORKTREE_NO_CHANGES: "\u76EE\u6807 worktree \u6CA1\u6709\u4EFB\u4F55\u53EF\u5408\u5E76\u7684\u53D8\u66F4\uFF08\u5DE5\u4F5C\u533A\u5E72\u51C0\u4E14\u65E0\u672C\u5730\u63D0\u4EA4\uFF09",
+  TARGET_WORKTREE_NO_CHANGES: {
+    en: "Target worktree has no changes to merge (working directory clean and no local commits)",
+    "zh-CN": "\u76EE\u6807 worktree \u6CA1\u6709\u4EFB\u4F55\u53EF\u5408\u5E76\u7684\u53D8\u66F4\uFF08\u5DE5\u4F5C\u533A\u5E72\u51C0\u4E14\u65E0\u672C\u5730\u63D0\u4EA4\uFF09"
+  },
   /** merge 命令检测到 validate 状态的提示 */
-  MERGE_VALIDATE_STATE_HINT: (branch) => `\u4E3B worktree \u53EF\u80FD\u5B58\u5728 validate \u6B8B\u7559\u72B6\u6001\uFF0C\u53EF\u5148\u6267\u884C clawt validate -b ${branch} --clean \u6E05\u7406`,
+  MERGE_VALIDATE_STATE_HINT: {
+    en: (branch) => `Main worktree may have residual validate state, run clawt validate -b ${branch} --clean first`,
+    "zh-CN": (branch) => `\u4E3B worktree \u53EF\u80FD\u5B58\u5728 validate \u6B8B\u7559\u72B6\u6001\uFF0C\u53EF\u5148\u6267\u884C clawt validate -b ${branch} --clean \u6E05\u7406`
+  },
   /** merge 检测到 auto-save 提交，提示用户是否压缩 */
-  MERGE_SQUASH_PROMPT: "\u68C0\u6D4B\u5230 sync \u4EA7\u751F\u7684\u4E34\u65F6\u63D0\u4EA4\uFF0C\u662F\u5426\u5C06\u6240\u6709\u63D0\u4EA4\u538B\u7F29\u4E3A\u4E00\u4E2A\uFF1F\n  \u538B\u7F29\u540E\u53D8\u66F4\u5C06\u4FDD\u7559\u5728\u76EE\u6807worktree\u7684\u6682\u5B58\u533A\uFF0C\u9700\u8981\u91CD\u65B0\u63D0\u4EA4\uFF08\u53EF\u4F7F\u7528 Claude Code Cli\u6216\u5176\u4ED6\u5DE5\u5177\u751F\u6210\u63D0\u4EA4\u4FE1\u606F\uFF09",
+  MERGE_SQUASH_PROMPT: {
+    en: "Detected temporary commits from sync, squash all commits into one?\n  After squashing, changes will remain in the target worktree staging area and need to be re-committed (you can use Claude Code CLI or other tools to generate the commit message)",
+    "zh-CN": "\u68C0\u6D4B\u5230 sync \u4EA7\u751F\u7684\u4E34\u65F6\u63D0\u4EA4\uFF0C\u662F\u5426\u5C06\u6240\u6709\u63D0\u4EA4\u538B\u7F29\u4E3A\u4E00\u4E2A\uFF1F\n  \u538B\u7F29\u540E\u53D8\u66F4\u5C06\u4FDD\u7559\u5728\u76EE\u6807worktree\u7684\u6682\u5B58\u533A\uFF0C\u9700\u8981\u91CD\u65B0\u63D0\u4EA4\uFF08\u53EF\u4F7F\u7528 Claude Code Cli\u6216\u5176\u4ED6\u5DE5\u5177\u751F\u6210\u63D0\u4EA4\u4FE1\u606F\uFF09"
+  },
   /** squash 完成且通过 -m 直接提交后的提示 */
-  MERGE_SQUASH_COMMITTED: (branch) => `\u2713 \u5DF2\u5C06\u5206\u652F ${branch} \u7684\u6240\u6709\u63D0\u4EA4\u538B\u7F29\u4E3A\u4E00\u4E2A`,
+  MERGE_SQUASH_COMMITTED: {
+    en: (branch) => `\u2713 All commits from branch ${branch} squashed into one`,
+    "zh-CN": (branch) => `\u2713 \u5DF2\u5C06\u5206\u652F ${branch} \u7684\u6240\u6709\u63D0\u4EA4\u538B\u7F29\u4E3A\u4E00\u4E2A`
+  },
   /** squash 完成但未提供 -m，提示用户自行提交 */
-  MERGE_SQUASH_PENDING: (worktreePath, branch) => `\u2713 \u5DF2\u5C06\u6240\u6709\u63D0\u4EA4\u538B\u7F29\u5230\u6682\u5B58\u533A
+  MERGE_SQUASH_PENDING: {
+    en: (worktreePath, branch) => `\u2713 All commits squashed into staging area
+  Please commit in the target worktree, then re-run merge:
+  cd ${worktreePath}
+  After committing, run: clawt merge -b ${branch}`,
+    "zh-CN": (worktreePath, branch) => `\u2713 \u5DF2\u5C06\u6240\u6709\u63D0\u4EA4\u538B\u7F29\u5230\u6682\u5B58\u533A
   \u8BF7\u5728\u76EE\u6807 worktree \u4E2D\u63D0\u4EA4\u540E\u91CD\u65B0\u6267\u884C merge\uFF1A
   cd ${worktreePath}
-  \u63D0\u4EA4\u5B8C\u6210\u540E\u6267\u884C\uFF1Aclawt merge -b ${branch}`,
+  \u63D0\u4EA4\u5B8C\u6210\u540E\u6267\u884C\uFF1Aclawt merge -b ${branch}`
+  },
   /** merge 后 pull 冲突 */
-  PULL_CONFLICT: "\u81EA\u52A8 pull \u65F6\u53D1\u751F\u51B2\u7A81\uFF0Cmerge \u5DF2\u5B8C\u6210\u4F46\u8FDC\u7A0B\u540C\u6B65\u5931\u8D25\n  \u8BF7\u624B\u52A8\u89E3\u51B3\u51B2\u7A81\uFF1A\n  \u89E3\u51B3\u51B2\u7A81\u540E\u6267\u884C git add . && git commit\n  \u7136\u540E\u6267\u884C git push \u63A8\u9001\u5230\u8FDC\u7A0B",
+  PULL_CONFLICT: {
+    en: "Conflict during auto-pull, merge completed but remote sync failed\n  Please resolve manually:\n  After resolving, run git add . && git commit\n  Then run git push to push to remote",
+    "zh-CN": "\u81EA\u52A8 pull \u65F6\u53D1\u751F\u51B2\u7A81\uFF0Cmerge \u5DF2\u5B8C\u6210\u4F46\u8FDC\u7A0B\u540C\u6B65\u5931\u8D25\n  \u8BF7\u624B\u52A8\u89E3\u51B3\u51B2\u7A81\uFF1A\n  \u89E3\u51B3\u51B2\u7A81\u540E\u6267\u884C git add . && git commit\n  \u7136\u540E\u6267\u884C git push \u63A8\u9001\u5230\u8FDC\u7A0B"
+  },
   /** push 失败 */
-  PUSH_FAILED: "\u81EA\u52A8 push \u5931\u8D25\uFF0Cmerge \u548C pull \u5DF2\u5B8C\u6210\n  \u8BF7\u624B\u52A8\u6267\u884C git push",
+  PUSH_FAILED: {
+    en: "Auto-push failed, merge and pull completed\n  Please run git push manually",
+    "zh-CN": "\u81EA\u52A8 push \u5931\u8D25\uFF0Cmerge \u548C pull \u5DF2\u5B8C\u6210\n  \u8BF7\u624B\u52A8\u6267\u884C git push"
+  },
   /** merge 无可用 worktree */
-  MERGE_NO_WORKTREES: "\u5F53\u524D\u9879\u76EE\u6CA1\u6709\u53EF\u7528\u7684 worktree\uFF0C\u8BF7\u5148\u901A\u8FC7 clawt run \u6216 clawt create \u521B\u5EFA",
+  MERGE_NO_WORKTREES: {
+    en: "No worktrees available, please create one with clawt run or clawt create first",
+    "zh-CN": "\u5F53\u524D\u9879\u76EE\u6CA1\u6709\u53EF\u7528\u7684 worktree\uFF0C\u8BF7\u5148\u901A\u8FC7 clawt run \u6216 clawt create \u521B\u5EFA"
+  },
   /** merge 模糊匹配无结果，列出可用分支 */
-  MERGE_NO_MATCH: (name, branches) => `\u672A\u627E\u5230\u4E0E "${name}" \u5339\u914D\u7684\u5206\u652F
-  \u53EF\u7528\u5206\u652F\uFF1A
+  MERGE_NO_MATCH: {
+    en: (name, branches) => `No branch matching "${name}"
+  Available branches:
 ${branches.map((b) => `    - ${b}`).join("\n")}`,
+    "zh-CN": (name, branches) => `\u672A\u627E\u5230\u4E0E "${name}" \u5339\u914D\u7684\u5206\u652F
+  \u53EF\u7528\u5206\u652F\uFF1A
+${branches.map((b) => `    - ${b}`).join("\n")}`
+  },
   /** merge 交互选择提示 */
-  MERGE_SELECT_BRANCH: "\u8BF7\u9009\u62E9\u8981\u5408\u5E76\u7684\u5206\u652F",
+  MERGE_SELECT_BRANCH: {
+    en: "Select a branch to merge",
+    "zh-CN": "\u8BF7\u9009\u62E9\u8981\u5408\u5E76\u7684\u5206\u652F"
+  },
   /** merge 模糊匹配到多个结果提示 */
-  MERGE_MULTIPLE_MATCHES: (name) => `"${name}" \u5339\u914D\u5230\u591A\u4E2A\u5206\u652F\uFF0C\u8BF7\u9009\u62E9\uFF1A`,
+  MERGE_MULTIPLE_MATCHES: {
+    en: (name) => `"${name}" matched multiple branches, please select:`,
+    "zh-CN": (name) => `"${name}" \u5339\u914D\u5230\u591A\u4E2A\u5206\u652F\uFF0C\u8BF7\u9009\u62E9\uFF1A`
+  },
   /** 询问是否使用 AI 辅助解决冲突 */
-  MERGE_CONFLICT_ASK_AI: "\u68C0\u6D4B\u5230\u5408\u5E76\u51B2\u7A81\uFF0C\u662F\u5426\u4F7F\u7528 Claude Code \u81EA\u52A8\u89E3\u51B3\uFF1F",
+  MERGE_CONFLICT_ASK_AI: {
+    en: "Merge conflict detected, use Claude Code to auto-resolve?",
+    "zh-CN": "\u68C0\u6D4B\u5230\u5408\u5E76\u51B2\u7A81\uFF0C\u662F\u5426\u4F7F\u7528 Claude Code \u81EA\u52A8\u89E3\u51B3\uFF1F"
+  },
   /** AI 冲突解决开始 */
-  MERGE_CONFLICT_AI_START: (fileCount) => `\u6B63\u5728\u4F7F\u7528 Claude Code \u5206\u6790\u5E76\u89E3\u51B3 ${fileCount} \u4E2A\u51B2\u7A81\u6587\u4EF6...`,
+  MERGE_CONFLICT_AI_START: {
+    en: (fileCount) => `Using Claude Code to analyze and resolve ${fileCount} conflicting file(s)...`,
+    "zh-CN": (fileCount) => `\u6B63\u5728\u4F7F\u7528 Claude Code \u5206\u6790\u5E76\u89E3\u51B3 ${fileCount} \u4E2A\u51B2\u7A81\u6587\u4EF6...`
+  },
   /** AI 冲突解决成功 */
-  MERGE_CONFLICT_AI_SUCCESS: "\u2713 Claude Code \u5DF2\u6210\u529F\u89E3\u51B3\u6240\u6709\u51B2\u7A81",
+  MERGE_CONFLICT_AI_SUCCESS: {
+    en: "\u2713 Claude Code successfully resolved all conflicts",
+    "zh-CN": "\u2713 Claude Code \u5DF2\u6210\u529F\u89E3\u51B3\u6240\u6709\u51B2\u7A81"
+  },
   /** AI 冲突解决后仍有未解决的冲突 */
-  MERGE_CONFLICT_AI_PARTIAL: (remaining) => `Claude Code \u5DF2\u5904\u7406\u51B2\u7A81\u6587\u4EF6\uFF0C\u4F46\u4ECD\u6709 ${remaining} \u4E2A\u6587\u4EF6\u5B58\u5728\u51B2\u7A81
-  \u8BF7\u624B\u52A8\u5904\u7406\u5269\u4F59\u51B2\u7A81\u540E\u6267\u884C git add . && git merge --continue`,
+  MERGE_CONFLICT_AI_PARTIAL: {
+    en: (remaining) => `Claude Code processed conflicts, but ${remaining} file(s) still have conflicts
+  Please resolve remaining conflicts manually, then run git add . && git merge --continue`,
+    "zh-CN": (remaining) => `Claude Code \u5DF2\u5904\u7406\u51B2\u7A81\u6587\u4EF6\uFF0C\u4F46\u4ECD\u6709 ${remaining} \u4E2A\u6587\u4EF6\u5B58\u5728\u51B2\u7A81
+  \u8BF7\u624B\u52A8\u5904\u7406\u5269\u4F59\u51B2\u7A81\u540E\u6267\u884C git add . && git merge --continue`
+  },
   /** AI 冲突解决失败 */
-  MERGE_CONFLICT_AI_FAILED: (errorMsg) => `Claude Code \u89E3\u51B3\u51B2\u7A81\u5931\u8D25: ${errorMsg}
+  MERGE_CONFLICT_AI_FAILED: {
+    en: (errorMsg) => `Claude Code failed to resolve conflicts: ${errorMsg}
+  Please resolve manually:
+  After resolving, run git add . && git merge --continue`,
+    "zh-CN": (errorMsg) => `Claude Code \u89E3\u51B3\u51B2\u7A81\u5931\u8D25: ${errorMsg}
   \u8BF7\u624B\u52A8\u5904\u7406\uFF1A
-  \u89E3\u51B3\u51B2\u7A81\u540E\u6267\u884C git add . && git merge --continue`,
+  \u89E3\u51B3\u51B2\u7A81\u540E\u6267\u884C git add . && git merge --continue`
+  },
   /** --auto 模式下的冲突手动解决（配置为 manual） */
-  MERGE_CONFLICT_MANUAL: "\u5408\u5E76\u5B58\u5728\u51B2\u7A81\uFF0C\u8BF7\u624B\u52A8\u5904\u7406\uFF1A\n  \u89E3\u51B3\u51B2\u7A81\u540E\u6267\u884C git add . && git merge --continue",
+  MERGE_CONFLICT_MANUAL: {
+    en: "Merge has conflicts, please resolve manually:\n  After resolving, run git add . && git merge --continue",
+    "zh-CN": "\u5408\u5E76\u5B58\u5728\u51B2\u7A81\uFF0C\u8BF7\u624B\u52A8\u5904\u7406\uFF1A\n  \u89E3\u51B3\u51B2\u7A81\u540E\u6267\u884C git add . && git merge --continue"
+  },
   /** 目标 worktree 有未提交修改时的交互式提交信息提示 */
-  MERGE_PROMPT_COMMIT_MESSAGE: "\u76EE\u6807 worktree \u6709\u672A\u63D0\u4EA4\u7684\u4FEE\u6539\uFF0C\u8BF7\u8F93\u5165\u63D0\u4EA4\u4FE1\u606F",
+  MERGE_PROMPT_COMMIT_MESSAGE: {
+    en: "Target worktree has uncommitted changes, please enter a commit message",
+    "zh-CN": "\u76EE\u6807 worktree \u6709\u672A\u63D0\u4EA4\u7684\u4FEE\u6539\uFF0C\u8BF7\u8F93\u5165\u63D0\u4EA4\u4FE1\u606F"
+  },
   /** squash 后的交互式提交信息提示 */
-  MERGE_SQUASH_PROMPT_COMMIT_MESSAGE: "\u8BF7\u8F93\u5165 squash \u540E\u7684\u63D0\u4EA4\u4FE1\u606F"
+  MERGE_SQUASH_PROMPT_COMMIT_MESSAGE: {
+    en: "Enter commit message after squash",
+    "zh-CN": "\u8BF7\u8F93\u5165 squash \u540E\u7684\u63D0\u4EA4\u4FE1\u606F"
+  },
+  // --- 从 prompt.ts 迁移 ---
+  /** 提交信息不能为空 */
+  COMMIT_MESSAGE_NOT_EMPTY: {
+    en: "Commit message cannot be empty",
+    "zh-CN": "\u63D0\u4EA4\u4FE1\u606F\u4E0D\u80FD\u4E3A\u7A7A"
+  },
+  // --- 从 commands/merge.ts 迁移 ---
+  /** 已配置自动删除 */
+  AUTO_DELETE_CONFIGURED: {
+    en: (branch) => `Auto-delete configured, worktree and branch will be cleaned up after merge: ${branch}`,
+    "zh-CN": (branch) => `\u5DF2\u914D\u7F6E\u81EA\u52A8\u5220\u9664\uFF0Cmerge \u6210\u529F\u540E\u5C06\u81EA\u52A8\u6E05\u7406 worktree \u548C\u5206\u652F: ${branch}`
+  },
+  /** 是否删除对应的 worktree 和分支 */
+  CONFIRM_DELETE_WORKTREE_BRANCH: {
+    en: (branch) => `Delete the corresponding worktree and branch (${branch})?`,
+    "zh-CN": (branch) => `\u662F\u5426\u5220\u9664\u5BF9\u5E94\u7684 worktree \u548C\u5206\u652F (${branch})\uFF1F`
+  }
 };
+var MERGE_MESSAGES = createMessages(MERGE_MESSAGES_I18N);
 
 // src/constants/messages/validate.ts
-var VALIDATE_MESSAGES = {
+var VALIDATE_MESSAGES_I18N = {
   /** validate 成功 */
-  VALIDATE_SUCCESS: (branch) => `\u2713 \u5DF2\u5C06\u5206\u652F ${branch} \u7684\u53D8\u66F4\u5E94\u7528\u5230\u4E3B worktree
-  \u53EF\u4EE5\u5F00\u59CB\u9A8C\u8BC1\u4E86`,
+  VALIDATE_SUCCESS: {
+    en: (branch) => `\u2713 Changes from branch ${branch} applied to main worktree
+  Ready for validation`,
+    "zh-CN": (branch) => `\u2713 \u5DF2\u5C06\u5206\u652F ${branch} \u7684\u53D8\u66F4\u5E94\u7528\u5230\u4E3B worktree
+  \u53EF\u4EE5\u5F00\u59CB\u9A8C\u8BC1\u4E86`
+  },
   /** 增量 validate 成功提示 */
-  INCREMENTAL_VALIDATE_SUCCESS: (branch) => `\u2713 \u5DF2\u5C06\u5206\u652F ${branch} \u7684\u6700\u65B0\u53D8\u66F4\u5E94\u7528\u5230\u4E3B worktree\uFF08\u589E\u91CF\u6A21\u5F0F\uFF09
-  \u6682\u5B58\u533A = \u4E0A\u6B21\u5FEB\u7167\uFF0C\u5DE5\u4F5C\u76EE\u5F55 = \u6700\u65B0\u53D8\u66F4`,
+  INCREMENTAL_VALIDATE_SUCCESS: {
+    en: (branch) => `\u2713 Latest changes from branch ${branch} applied to main worktree (incremental mode)
+  Staging area = last snapshot, Working directory = latest changes`,
+    "zh-CN": (branch) => `\u2713 \u5DF2\u5C06\u5206\u652F ${branch} \u7684\u6700\u65B0\u53D8\u66F4\u5E94\u7528\u5230\u4E3B worktree\uFF08\u589E\u91CF\u6A21\u5F0F\uFF09
+  \u6682\u5B58\u533A = \u4E0A\u6B21\u5FEB\u7167\uFF0C\u5DE5\u4F5C\u76EE\u5F55 = \u6700\u65B0\u53D8\u66F4`
+  },
   /** 增量 validate 降级为全量模式提示 */
-  INCREMENTAL_VALIDATE_FALLBACK: "\u589E\u91CF\u5BF9\u6BD4\u5931\u8D25\uFF0C\u5DF2\u964D\u7EA7\u4E3A\u5168\u91CF\u6A21\u5F0F",
+  INCREMENTAL_VALIDATE_FALLBACK: {
+    en: "Incremental comparison failed, fell back to full mode",
+    "zh-CN": "\u589E\u91CF\u5BF9\u6BD4\u5931\u8D25\uFF0C\u5DF2\u964D\u7EA7\u4E3A\u5168\u91CF\u6A21\u5F0F"
+  },
   /** 增量 validate 检测到目标 worktree 无新变更 */
-  INCREMENTAL_VALIDATE_NO_CHANGES: (branch) => `\u5206\u652F ${branch} \u81EA\u4E0A\u6B21 validate \u4EE5\u6765\u6CA1\u6709\u65B0\u7684\u53D8\u66F4\uFF0C\u5DF2\u6062\u590D\u5230\u4E0A\u6B21\u9A8C\u8BC1\u72B6\u6001`,
+  INCREMENTAL_VALIDATE_NO_CHANGES: {
+    en: (branch) => `Branch ${branch} has no new changes since last validate, restored to previous validation state`,
+    "zh-CN": (branch) => `\u5206\u652F ${branch} \u81EA\u4E0A\u6B21 validate \u4EE5\u6765\u6CA1\u6709\u65B0\u7684\u53D8\u66F4\uFF0C\u5DF2\u6062\u590D\u5230\u4E0A\u6B21\u9A8C\u8BC1\u72B6\u6001`
+  },
   /** validate 状态已清理 */
-  VALIDATE_CLEANED: (branch) => `\u2713 \u5206\u652F ${branch} \u7684 validate \u72B6\u6001\u5DF2\u6E05\u7406`,
+  VALIDATE_CLEANED: {
+    en: (branch) => `\u2713 Validate state for branch ${branch} cleaned`,
+    "zh-CN": (branch) => `\u2713 \u5206\u652F ${branch} \u7684 validate \u72B6\u6001\u5DF2\u6E05\u7406`
+  },
   /** validate patch apply 失败，提示用户同步主分支 */
-  VALIDATE_PATCH_APPLY_FAILED: (branch) => `\u53D8\u66F4\u8FC1\u79FB\u5931\u8D25\uFF1A\u76EE\u6807\u5206\u652F\u4E0E\u4E3B\u5206\u652F\u5DEE\u5F02\u8FC7\u5927
-  \u8BF7\u5148\u6267\u884C clawt sync -b ${branch} \u540C\u6B65\u4E3B\u5206\u652F\u540E\u91CD\u8BD5`,
+  VALIDATE_PATCH_APPLY_FAILED: {
+    en: (branch) => `Change migration failed: target branch has diverged too far from main
+  Please run clawt sync -b ${branch} first, then retry`,
+    "zh-CN": (branch) => `\u53D8\u66F4\u8FC1\u79FB\u5931\u8D25\uFF1A\u76EE\u6807\u5206\u652F\u4E0E\u4E3B\u5206\u652F\u5DEE\u5F02\u8FC7\u5927
+  \u8BF7\u5148\u6267\u884C clawt sync -b ${branch} \u540C\u6B65\u4E3B\u5206\u652F\u540E\u91CD\u8BD5`
+  },
   /** validate 无可用 worktree */
-  VALIDATE_NO_WORKTREES: "\u5F53\u524D\u9879\u76EE\u6CA1\u6709\u53EF\u7528\u7684 worktree\uFF0C\u8BF7\u5148\u901A\u8FC7 clawt run \u6216 clawt create \u521B\u5EFA",
+  VALIDATE_NO_WORKTREES: {
+    en: "No worktrees available, please create one with clawt run or clawt create first",
+    "zh-CN": "\u5F53\u524D\u9879\u76EE\u6CA1\u6709\u53EF\u7528\u7684 worktree\uFF0C\u8BF7\u5148\u901A\u8FC7 clawt run \u6216 clawt create \u521B\u5EFA"
+  },
   /** validate 模糊匹配无结果，列出可用分支 */
-  VALIDATE_NO_MATCH: (name, branches) => `\u672A\u627E\u5230\u4E0E "${name}" \u5339\u914D\u7684\u5206\u652F
-  \u53EF\u7528\u5206\u652F\uFF1A
+  VALIDATE_NO_MATCH: {
+    en: (name, branches) => `No branch matching "${name}"
+  Available branches:
 ${branches.map((b) => `    - ${b}`).join("\n")}`,
+    "zh-CN": (name, branches) => `\u672A\u627E\u5230\u4E0E "${name}" \u5339\u914D\u7684\u5206\u652F
+  \u53EF\u7528\u5206\u652F\uFF1A
+${branches.map((b) => `    - ${b}`).join("\n")}`
+  },
   /** validate 交互选择提示 */
-  VALIDATE_SELECT_BRANCH: "\u8BF7\u9009\u62E9\u8981\u9A8C\u8BC1\u7684\u5206\u652F",
+  VALIDATE_SELECT_BRANCH: {
+    en: "Select a branch to validate",
+    "zh-CN": "\u8BF7\u9009\u62E9\u8981\u9A8C\u8BC1\u7684\u5206\u652F"
+  },
   /** validate 模糊匹配到多个结果提示 */
-  VALIDATE_MULTIPLE_MATCHES: (name) => `"${name}" \u5339\u914D\u5230\u591A\u4E2A\u5206\u652F\uFF0C\u8BF7\u9009\u62E9\uFF1A`,
+  VALIDATE_MULTIPLE_MATCHES: {
+    en: (name) => `"${name}" matched multiple branches, please select:`,
+    "zh-CN": (name) => `"${name}" \u5339\u914D\u5230\u591A\u4E2A\u5206\u652F\uFF0C\u8BF7\u9009\u62E9\uFF1A`
+  },
   /** --run 命令开始执行提示 */
-  VALIDATE_RUN_START: (command) => `\u6B63\u5728\u4E3B worktree \u4E2D\u6267\u884C\u547D\u4EE4: ${command}`,
+  VALIDATE_RUN_START: {
+    en: (command) => `Running command in main worktree: ${command}`,
+    "zh-CN": (command) => `\u6B63\u5728\u4E3B worktree \u4E2D\u6267\u884C\u547D\u4EE4: ${command}`
+  },
   /** --run 命令执行成功（退出码 0） */
-  VALIDATE_RUN_SUCCESS: (command) => `\u2713 \u547D\u4EE4\u6267\u884C\u5B8C\u6210: ${command}\uFF0C\u9000\u51FA\u7801: 0`,
+  VALIDATE_RUN_SUCCESS: {
+    en: (command) => `\u2713 Command completed: ${command}, exit code: 0`,
+    "zh-CN": (command) => `\u2713 \u547D\u4EE4\u6267\u884C\u5B8C\u6210: ${command}\uFF0C\u9000\u51FA\u7801: 0`
+  },
   /** --run 命令执行失败（退出码非 0） */
-  VALIDATE_RUN_FAILED: (command, exitCode) => `\u2717 \u547D\u4EE4\u6267\u884C\u5B8C\u6210: ${command}\uFF0C\u9000\u51FA\u7801: ${exitCode}`,
+  VALIDATE_RUN_FAILED: {
+    en: (command, exitCode) => `\u2717 Command completed: ${command}, exit code: ${exitCode}`,
+    "zh-CN": (command, exitCode) => `\u2717 \u547D\u4EE4\u6267\u884C\u5B8C\u6210: ${command}\uFF0C\u9000\u51FA\u7801: ${exitCode}`
+  },
   /** --run 命令执行异常（进程启动失败等） */
-  VALIDATE_RUN_ERROR: (command, errorMessage) => `\u2717 \u547D\u4EE4\u6267\u884C\u51FA\u9519: ${errorMessage}`,
+  VALIDATE_RUN_ERROR: {
+    en: (command, errorMessage) => `\u2717 Command execution error: ${errorMessage}`,
+    "zh-CN": (command, errorMessage) => `\u2717 \u547D\u4EE4\u6267\u884C\u51FA\u9519: ${errorMessage}`
+  },
   /** 并行命令开始执行提示 */
-  VALIDATE_PARALLEL_RUN_START: (count) => `\u6B63\u5728\u5E76\u884C\u6267\u884C ${count} \u4E2A\u547D\u4EE4...`,
+  VALIDATE_PARALLEL_RUN_START: {
+    en: (count) => `Running ${count} command(s) in parallel...`,
+    "zh-CN": (count) => `\u6B63\u5728\u5E76\u884C\u6267\u884C ${count} \u4E2A\u547D\u4EE4...`
+  },
   /** 并行执行中单个命令开始提示（带序号） */
-  VALIDATE_PARALLEL_CMD_START: (index, total, command) => `[${index}/${total}] ${command}`,
+  VALIDATE_PARALLEL_CMD_START: {
+    en: (index, total, command) => `[${index}/${total}] ${command}`,
+    "zh-CN": (index, total, command) => `[${index}/${total}] ${command}`
+  },
   /** 并行执行全部成功汇总提示 */
-  VALIDATE_PARALLEL_RUN_ALL_SUCCESS: (count) => `\u2713 \u5168\u90E8 ${count} \u4E2A\u547D\u4EE4\u6267\u884C\u6210\u529F`,
+  VALIDATE_PARALLEL_RUN_ALL_SUCCESS: {
+    en: (count) => `\u2713 All ${count} command(s) completed successfully`,
+    "zh-CN": (count) => `\u2713 \u5168\u90E8 ${count} \u4E2A\u547D\u4EE4\u6267\u884C\u6210\u529F`
+  },
   /** 并行执行部分失败汇总提示 */
-  VALIDATE_PARALLEL_RUN_SUMMARY: (successCount, failedCount) => `\u5171 ${successCount + failedCount} \u4E2A\u547D\u4EE4\uFF0C${successCount} \u4E2A\u6210\u529F\uFF0C${failedCount} \u4E2A\u5931\u8D25`,
+  VALIDATE_PARALLEL_RUN_SUMMARY: {
+    en: (successCount, failedCount) => `${successCount + failedCount} command(s), ${successCount} succeeded, ${failedCount} failed`,
+    "zh-CN": (successCount, failedCount) => `\u5171 ${successCount + failedCount} \u4E2A\u547D\u4EE4\uFF0C${successCount} \u4E2A\u6210\u529F\uFF0C${failedCount} \u4E2A\u5931\u8D25`
+  },
   /** 并行执行中单个命令成功 */
-  VALIDATE_PARALLEL_CMD_SUCCESS: (command) => `  \u2713 ${command}`,
+  VALIDATE_PARALLEL_CMD_SUCCESS: {
+    en: (command) => `  \u2713 ${command}`,
+    "zh-CN": (command) => `  \u2713 ${command}`
+  },
   /** 并行执行中单个命令失败 */
-  VALIDATE_PARALLEL_CMD_FAILED: (command, exitCode) => `  \u2717 ${command}\uFF08\u9000\u51FA\u7801: ${exitCode}\uFF09`,
+  VALIDATE_PARALLEL_CMD_FAILED: {
+    en: (command, exitCode) => `  \u2717 ${command} (exit code: ${exitCode})`,
+    "zh-CN": (command, exitCode) => `  \u2717 ${command}\uFF08\u9000\u51FA\u7801: ${exitCode}\uFF09`
+  },
   /** 并行执行中单个命令启动失败 */
-  VALIDATE_PARALLEL_CMD_ERROR: (command, errorMessage) => `  \u2717 ${command}\uFF08\u9519\u8BEF: ${errorMessage}\uFF09`,
+  VALIDATE_PARALLEL_CMD_ERROR: {
+    en: (command, errorMessage) => `  \u2717 ${command} (error: ${errorMessage})`,
+    "zh-CN": (command, errorMessage) => `  \u2717 ${command}\uFF08\u9519\u8BEF: ${errorMessage}\uFF09`
+  },
   /** patch apply 失败后询问用户是否执行 sync */
-  VALIDATE_CONFIRM_AUTO_SYNC: (branch) => `\u662F\u5426\u7ACB\u5373\u6267\u884C sync \u540C\u6B65\u4E3B\u5206\u652F\u5230 ${branch}\uFF1F`,
+  VALIDATE_CONFIRM_AUTO_SYNC: {
+    en: (branch) => `Run sync now to sync main branch to ${branch}?`,
+    "zh-CN": (branch) => `\u662F\u5426\u7ACB\u5373\u6267\u884C sync \u540C\u6B65\u4E3B\u5206\u652F\u5230 ${branch}\uFF1F`
+  },
   /** 自动 sync 开始提示 */
-  VALIDATE_AUTO_SYNC_START: (branch) => `\u6B63\u5728\u81EA\u52A8\u540C\u6B65\u4E3B\u5206\u652F\u5230 ${branch} ...`,
+  VALIDATE_AUTO_SYNC_START: {
+    en: (branch) => `Auto-syncing main branch to ${branch} ...`,
+    "zh-CN": (branch) => `\u6B63\u5728\u81EA\u52A8\u540C\u6B65\u4E3B\u5206\u652F\u5230 ${branch} ...`
+  },
   /** 用户拒绝自动 sync */
-  VALIDATE_AUTO_SYNC_DECLINED: (branch) => `\u8BF7\u624B\u52A8\u6267\u884C clawt sync -b ${branch} \u540C\u6B65\u4E3B\u5206\u652F\u540E\u91CD\u8BD5`,
+  VALIDATE_AUTO_SYNC_DECLINED: {
+    en: (branch) => `Please run clawt sync -b ${branch} manually, then retry`,
+    "zh-CN": (branch) => `\u8BF7\u624B\u52A8\u6267\u884C clawt sync -b ${branch} \u540C\u6B65\u4E3B\u5206\u652F\u540E\u91CD\u8BD5`
+  },
   /** 验证分支不存在 */
-  VALIDATE_BRANCH_NOT_FOUND: (validateBranch, branch) => `\u9A8C\u8BC1\u5206\u652F ${validateBranch} \u4E0D\u5B58\u5728\uFF0C\u8BF7\u5148\u6267\u884C clawt create \u6216 clawt run \u521B\u5EFA\u5206\u652F ${branch}`,
+  VALIDATE_BRANCH_NOT_FOUND: {
+    en: (validateBranch, branch) => `Validation branch ${validateBranch} does not exist, please run clawt create or clawt run to create branch ${branch} first`,
+    "zh-CN": (validateBranch, branch) => `\u9A8C\u8BC1\u5206\u652F ${validateBranch} \u4E0D\u5B58\u5728\uFF0C\u8BF7\u5148\u6267\u884C clawt create \u6216 clawt run \u521B\u5EFA\u5206\u652F ${branch}`
+  },
   /** validate 成功（含验证分支信息） */
-  VALIDATE_SUCCESS_WITH_BRANCH: (branch, validateBranch) => `\u2713 \u5DF2\u5207\u6362\u5230\u9A8C\u8BC1\u5206\u652F ${validateBranch} \u5E76\u5E94\u7528\u5206\u652F ${branch} \u7684\u53D8\u66F4
-  \u53EF\u4EE5\u5F00\u59CB\u9A8C\u8BC1\u4E86`,
+  VALIDATE_SUCCESS_WITH_BRANCH: {
+    en: (branch, validateBranch) => `\u2713 Switched to validation branch ${validateBranch} and applied changes from branch ${branch}
+  Ready for validation`,
+    "zh-CN": (branch, validateBranch) => `\u2713 \u5DF2\u5207\u6362\u5230\u9A8C\u8BC1\u5206\u652F ${validateBranch} \u5E76\u5E94\u7528\u5206\u652F ${branch} \u7684\u53D8\u66F4
+  \u53EF\u4EE5\u5F00\u59CB\u9A8C\u8BC1\u4E86`
+  },
   /** 错误信息已复制到剪贴板提示 */
-  VALIDATE_RUN_ERROR_COPIED: "\u2702 \u9519\u8BEF\u4FE1\u606F\u5DF2\u590D\u5236\u5230\u526A\u8D34\u677F",
+  VALIDATE_RUN_ERROR_COPIED: {
+    en: "\u2702 Error information copied to clipboard",
+    "zh-CN": "\u2702 \u9519\u8BEF\u4FE1\u606F\u5DF2\u590D\u5236\u5230\u526A\u8D34\u677F"
+  },
   /** 剪贴板复制失败提示 */
-  VALIDATE_RUN_ERROR_COPY_FAILED: "\u26A0 \u9519\u8BEF\u4FE1\u606F\u590D\u5236\u5230\u526A\u8D34\u677F\u5931\u8D25",
+  VALIDATE_RUN_ERROR_COPY_FAILED: {
+    en: "\u26A0 Failed to copy error information to clipboard",
+    "zh-CN": "\u26A0 \u9519\u8BEF\u4FE1\u606F\u590D\u5236\u5230\u526A\u8D34\u677F\u5931\u8D25"
+  },
   /** 检测到外部软链接警告 */
-  VALIDATE_EXTERNAL_SYMLINKS_FOUND: (count) => `\u26A0 \u68C0\u6D4B\u5230 ${count} \u4E2A\u6307\u5411 worktree \u5916\u90E8\u7684\u8F6F\u94FE\u63A5\uFF08\u53EF\u80FD\u7531 AI Agent \u521B\u5EFA\uFF09\uFF0C\u5DF2\u81EA\u52A8\u79FB\u9664`,
+  VALIDATE_EXTERNAL_SYMLINKS_FOUND: {
+    en: (count) => `\u26A0 Detected ${count} symlink(s) pointing outside the worktree (possibly created by AI Agent), auto-removed`,
+    "zh-CN": (count) => `\u26A0 \u68C0\u6D4B\u5230 ${count} \u4E2A\u6307\u5411 worktree \u5916\u90E8\u7684\u8F6F\u94FE\u63A5\uFF08\u53EF\u80FD\u7531 AI Agent \u521B\u5EFA\uFF09\uFF0C\u5DF2\u81EA\u52A8\u79FB\u9664`
+  },
   /** 单命令（含 && 链）剪贴板错误格式 */
-  VALIDATE_CLIPBOARD_SINGLE_ERROR: (command, stderr) => `${command} \u6307\u4EE4\u6267\u884C\u51FA\u9519\uFF0C\u9519\u8BEF\u4FE1\u606F\uFF1A
+  VALIDATE_CLIPBOARD_SINGLE_ERROR: {
+    en: (command, stderr) => `${command} command error:
 ${stderr}`,
+    "zh-CN": (command, stderr) => `${command} \u6307\u4EE4\u6267\u884C\u51FA\u9519\uFF0C\u9519\u8BEF\u4FE1\u606F\uFF1A
+${stderr}`
+  },
   /** 并行命令中单个命令的剪贴板错误格式 */
-  VALIDATE_CLIPBOARD_PARALLEL_ERROR: (command, stderr) => `${command} \u6307\u4EE4\u6267\u884C\u51FA\u9519\uFF0C\u9519\u8BEF\u4FE1\u606F\uFF1A
+  VALIDATE_CLIPBOARD_PARALLEL_ERROR: {
+    en: (command, stderr) => `${command} command error:
 ${stderr}`,
+    "zh-CN": (command, stderr) => `${command} \u6307\u4EE4\u6267\u884C\u51FA\u9519\uFF0C\u9519\u8BEF\u4FE1\u606F\uFF1A
+${stderr}`
+  },
   /** 多个错误之间的分隔符 */
-  VALIDATE_CLIPBOARD_SEPARATOR: "\n\n---\n\n"
+  VALIDATE_CLIPBOARD_SEPARATOR: {
+    en: "\n\n---\n\n",
+    "zh-CN": "\n\n---\n\n"
+  },
+  // --- 从 validate-branch.ts 迁移 ---
+  /** 工作区仍然不干净 */
+  WORKSPACE_STILL_DIRTY: {
+    en: "Workspace is still dirty, please resolve manually",
+    "zh-CN": "\u5DE5\u4F5C\u533A\u4ECD\u7136\u4E0D\u5E72\u51C0\uFF0C\u8BF7\u624B\u52A8\u5904\u7406"
+  },
+  /** 当前分支有未提交的更改 */
+  UNCOMMITTED_CHANGES_ON_BRANCH: {
+    en: "Current branch has uncommitted changes, please choose how to handle:\n",
+    "zh-CN": "\u5F53\u524D\u5206\u652F\u6709\u672A\u63D0\u4EA4\u7684\u66F4\u6539\uFF0C\u8BF7\u9009\u62E9\u5904\u7406\u65B9\u5F0F\uFF1A\n"
+  },
+  /** 选择处理方式 */
+  SELECT_ACTION: {
+    en: "Select action",
+    "zh-CN": "\u9009\u62E9\u5904\u7406\u65B9\u5F0F"
+  },
+  /** 是否继续执行？ */
+  CONFIRM_CONTINUE_VALIDATE: {
+    en: "Continue?",
+    "zh-CN": "\u662F\u5426\u7EE7\u7EED\u6267\u884C\uFF1F"
+  },
+  /** 用户选择退出 */
+  USER_CHOSE_EXIT: {
+    en: "User chose to exit, please resolve workspace changes manually and retry",
+    "zh-CN": "\u7528\u6237\u9009\u62E9\u9000\u51FA\uFF0C\u8BF7\u624B\u52A8\u5904\u7406\u5DE5\u4F5C\u533A\u66F4\u6539\u540E\u91CD\u8BD5"
+  },
+  // --- 从 validate-runner.ts 迁移 ---
+  /** 指令执行出错，退出码 */
+  COMMAND_EXEC_ERROR: {
+    en: (command, exitCode) => `${command} command error, exit code: ${exitCode}`,
+    "zh-CN": (command, exitCode) => `${command} \u6307\u4EE4\u6267\u884C\u51FA\u9519\uFF0C\u9000\u51FA\u7801: ${exitCode}`
+  },
+  /** 退出码标签 */
+  EXIT_CODE_LABEL: {
+    en: (exitCode) => `Exit code: ${exitCode}`,
+    "zh-CN": (exitCode) => `\u9000\u51FA\u7801: ${exitCode}`
+  }
 };
+var VALIDATE_MESSAGES = createMessages(VALIDATE_MESSAGES_I18N);
 
 // src/constants/messages/sync.ts
-var SYNC_MESSAGES = {
+var SYNC_MESSAGES_I18N = {
   /** sync 自动保存未提交变更 */
-  SYNC_AUTO_COMMITTED: (branch) => `\u5DF2\u81EA\u52A8\u4FDD\u5B58 ${branch} \u5206\u652F\u7684\u672A\u63D0\u4EA4\u53D8\u66F4`,
+  SYNC_AUTO_COMMITTED: {
+    en: (branch) => `Auto-saved uncommitted changes on branch ${branch}`,
+    "zh-CN": (branch) => `\u5DF2\u81EA\u52A8\u4FDD\u5B58 ${branch} \u5206\u652F\u7684\u672A\u63D0\u4EA4\u53D8\u66F4`
+  },
   /** sync 开始合并 */
-  SYNC_MERGING: (targetBranch, mainBranch) => `\u6B63\u5728\u5C06 ${mainBranch} \u5408\u5E76\u5230 ${targetBranch} ...`,
+  SYNC_MERGING: {
+    en: (targetBranch, mainBranch) => `Merging ${mainBranch} into ${targetBranch} ...`,
+    "zh-CN": (targetBranch, mainBranch) => `\u6B63\u5728\u5C06 ${mainBranch} \u5408\u5E76\u5230 ${targetBranch} ...`
+  },
   /** sync 成功 */
-  SYNC_SUCCESS: (targetBranch, mainBranch) => `\u2713 \u5DF2\u5C06 ${mainBranch} \u7684\u6700\u65B0\u4EE3\u7801\u540C\u6B65\u5230 ${targetBranch}`,
+  SYNC_SUCCESS: {
+    en: (targetBranch, mainBranch) => `\u2713 Synced latest code from ${mainBranch} to ${targetBranch}`,
+    "zh-CN": (targetBranch, mainBranch) => `\u2713 \u5DF2\u5C06 ${mainBranch} \u7684\u6700\u65B0\u4EE3\u7801\u540C\u6B65\u5230 ${targetBranch}`
+  },
   /** sync 冲突 */
-  SYNC_CONFLICT: (worktreePath) => `\u5408\u5E76\u5B58\u5728\u51B2\u7A81\uFF0C\u8BF7\u8FDB\u5165\u76EE\u6807 worktree \u624B\u52A8\u89E3\u51B3\uFF1A
+  SYNC_CONFLICT: {
+    en: (worktreePath) => `Merge conflicts detected. Please resolve them in the target worktree:
+  cd ${worktreePath}
+  After resolving conflicts, run: git add . && git merge --continue
+  Then validate changes with: clawt validate -b <branch>`,
+    "zh-CN": (worktreePath) => `\u5408\u5E76\u5B58\u5728\u51B2\u7A81\uFF0C\u8BF7\u8FDB\u5165\u76EE\u6807 worktree \u624B\u52A8\u89E3\u51B3\uFF1A
   cd ${worktreePath}
   \u89E3\u51B3\u51B2\u7A81\u540E\u6267\u884C git add . && git merge --continue
-  clawt validate -b <branch> \u9A8C\u8BC1\u53D8\u66F4`,
+  clawt validate -b <branch> \u9A8C\u8BC1\u53D8\u66F4`
+  },
   /** sync 无可用 worktree */
-  SYNC_NO_WORKTREES: "\u5F53\u524D\u9879\u76EE\u6CA1\u6709\u53EF\u7528\u7684 worktree\uFF0C\u8BF7\u5148\u901A\u8FC7 clawt run \u6216 clawt create \u521B\u5EFA",
+  SYNC_NO_WORKTREES: {
+    en: "No worktrees available. Please create one with: clawt run or clawt create",
+    "zh-CN": "\u5F53\u524D\u9879\u76EE\u6CA1\u6709\u53EF\u7528\u7684 worktree\uFF0C\u8BF7\u5148\u901A\u8FC7 clawt run \u6216 clawt create \u521B\u5EFA"
+  },
   /** sync 模糊匹配无结果，列出可用分支 */
-  SYNC_NO_MATCH: (name, branches) => `\u672A\u627E\u5230\u4E0E "${name}" \u5339\u914D\u7684\u5206\u652F
-  \u53EF\u7528\u5206\u652F\uFF1A
+  SYNC_NO_MATCH: {
+    en: (name, branches) => `No branches matching "${name}"
+  Available branches:
 ${branches.map((b) => `    - ${b}`).join("\n")}`,
+    "zh-CN": (name, branches) => `\u672A\u627E\u5230\u4E0E "${name}" \u5339\u914D\u7684\u5206\u652F
+  \u53EF\u7528\u5206\u652F\uFF1A
+${branches.map((b) => `    - ${b}`).join("\n")}`
+  },
   /** sync 交互选择提示 */
-  SYNC_SELECT_BRANCH: "\u8BF7\u9009\u62E9\u8981\u540C\u6B65\u7684\u5206\u652F",
+  SYNC_SELECT_BRANCH: {
+    en: "Select branches to sync",
+    "zh-CN": "\u8BF7\u9009\u62E9\u8981\u540C\u6B65\u7684\u5206\u652F"
+  },
   /** sync 模糊匹配到多个结果提示 */
-  SYNC_MULTIPLE_MATCHES: (name) => `"${name}" \u5339\u914D\u5230\u591A\u4E2A\u5206\u652F\uFF0C\u8BF7\u9009\u62E9\uFF1A`,
+  SYNC_MULTIPLE_MATCHES: {
+    en: (name) => `"${name}" matched multiple branches, please select:`,
+    "zh-CN": (name) => `"${name}" \u5339\u914D\u5230\u591A\u4E2A\u5206\u652F\uFF0C\u8BF7\u9009\u62E9\uFF1A`
+  },
   /** sync 后验证分支已重建提示 */
-  SYNC_VALIDATE_BRANCH_REBUILT: (validateBranch) => `\u9A8C\u8BC1\u5206\u652F ${validateBranch} \u5DF2\u91CD\u5EFA`
+  SYNC_VALIDATE_BRANCH_REBUILT: {
+    en: (validateBranch) => `Validation branch ${validateBranch} has been rebuilt`,
+    "zh-CN": (validateBranch) => `\u9A8C\u8BC1\u5206\u652F ${validateBranch} \u5DF2\u91CD\u5EFA`
+  }
 };
+var SYNC_MESSAGES = createMessages(SYNC_MESSAGES_I18N);
 
 // src/constants/messages/resume.ts
-var RESUME_MESSAGES = {
+var RESUME_MESSAGES_I18N = {
   /** resume 无可用 worktree */
-  RESUME_NO_WORKTREES: "\u5F53\u524D\u9879\u76EE\u6CA1\u6709\u53EF\u7528\u7684 worktree\uFF0C\u8BF7\u5148\u901A\u8FC7 clawt run \u6216 clawt create \u521B\u5EFA",
+  RESUME_NO_WORKTREES: {
+    en: "No worktrees available, please create one with clawt run or clawt create first",
+    "zh-CN": "\u5F53\u524D\u9879\u76EE\u6CA1\u6709\u53EF\u7528\u7684 worktree\uFF0C\u8BF7\u5148\u901A\u8FC7 clawt run \u6216 clawt create \u521B\u5EFA"
+  },
   /** resume 模糊匹配无结果，列出可用分支 */
-  RESUME_NO_MATCH: (name, branches) => `\u672A\u627E\u5230\u4E0E "${name}" \u5339\u914D\u7684\u5206\u652F
-  \u53EF\u7528\u5206\u652F\uFF1A
+  RESUME_NO_MATCH: {
+    en: (name, branches) => `No branch matching "${name}"
+  Available branches:
 ${branches.map((b) => `    - ${b}`).join("\n")}`,
+    "zh-CN": (name, branches) => `\u672A\u627E\u5230\u4E0E "${name}" \u5339\u914D\u7684\u5206\u652F
+  \u53EF\u7528\u5206\u652F\uFF1A
+${branches.map((b) => `    - ${b}`).join("\n")}`
+  },
   /** resume 多选交互提示 */
-  RESUME_SELECT_BRANCH: "\u8BF7\u9009\u62E9\u8981\u6062\u590D\u7684\u5206\u652F\uFF08\u7A7A\u683C\u9009\u62E9\uFF0C\u56DE\u8F66\u786E\u8BA4\uFF09",
+  RESUME_SELECT_BRANCH: {
+    en: "Select branches to resume (space to select, enter to confirm)",
+    "zh-CN": "\u8BF7\u9009\u62E9\u8981\u6062\u590D\u7684\u5206\u652F\uFF08\u7A7A\u683C\u9009\u62E9\uFF0C\u56DE\u8F66\u786E\u8BA4\uFF09"
+  },
   /** resume 模糊匹配到多个结果的多选提示 */
-  RESUME_MULTIPLE_MATCHES: (keyword) => `"${keyword}" \u5339\u914D\u5230\u591A\u4E2A\u5206\u652F\uFF0C\u8BF7\u9009\u62E9\u8981\u6062\u590D\u7684\uFF1A`,
+  RESUME_MULTIPLE_MATCHES: {
+    en: (keyword) => `"${keyword}" matched multiple branches, please select which to resume:`,
+    "zh-CN": (keyword) => `"${keyword}" \u5339\u914D\u5230\u591A\u4E2A\u5206\u652F\uFF0C\u8BF7\u9009\u62E9\u8981\u6062\u590D\u7684\uFF1A`
+  },
   /** 批量 resume 确认提示 */
-  RESUME_ALL_CONFIRM: (count) => `\u5373\u5C06\u5728 ${count} \u4E2A\u72EC\u7ACB\u7EC8\u7AEF Tab \u4E2D\u6062\u590D Claude Code \u4F1A\u8BDD\uFF0C\u662F\u5426\u7EE7\u7EED\uFF1F`,
+  RESUME_ALL_CONFIRM: {
+    en: (count) => `About to resume Claude Code sessions in ${count} terminal tabs, continue?`,
+    "zh-CN": (count) => `\u5373\u5C06\u5728 ${count} \u4E2A\u72EC\u7ACB\u7EC8\u7AEF Tab \u4E2D\u6062\u590D Claude Code \u4F1A\u8BDD\uFF0C\u662F\u5426\u7EE7\u7EED\uFF1F`
+  },
   /** 批量 resume 完成提示 */
-  RESUME_ALL_SUCCESS: (count) => `\u5DF2\u5728 ${count} \u4E2A\u7EC8\u7AEF Tab \u4E2D\u542F\u52A8 Claude Code \u4F1A\u8BDD`,
+  RESUME_ALL_SUCCESS: {
+    en: (count) => `Claude Code sessions started in ${count} terminal tabs`,
+    "zh-CN": (count) => `\u5DF2\u5728 ${count} \u4E2A\u7EC8\u7AEF Tab \u4E2D\u542F\u52A8 Claude Code \u4F1A\u8BDD`
+  },
   /** 批量 resume 非 macOS 平台提示 */
-  RESUME_ALL_PLATFORM_UNSUPPORTED: "\u6279\u91CF resume \u76EE\u524D\u4EC5\u652F\u6301 macOS \u5E73\u53F0\uFF08\u901A\u8FC7 AppleScript \u6253\u5F00\u7EC8\u7AEF Tab\uFF09",
+  RESUME_ALL_PLATFORM_UNSUPPORTED: {
+    en: "Batch resume is only supported on macOS (via AppleScript to open terminal tabs)",
+    "zh-CN": "\u6279\u91CF resume \u76EE\u524D\u4EC5\u652F\u6301 macOS \u5E73\u53F0\uFF08\u901A\u8FC7 AppleScript \u6253\u5F00\u7EC8\u7AEF Tab\uFF09"
+  },
   /** 批量 resume 无匹配分支提示 */
-  RESUME_ALL_NO_MATCH: (keyword) => `\u672A\u627E\u5230\u4E0E "${keyword}" \u5339\u914D\u7684\u5206\u652F`,
+  RESUME_ALL_NO_MATCH: {
+    en: (keyword) => `No branch matching "${keyword}"`,
+    "zh-CN": (keyword) => `\u672A\u627E\u5230\u4E0E "${keyword}" \u5339\u914D\u7684\u5206\u652F`
+  },
   /** --prompt 必须配合 -b 指定目标分支 */
-  RESUME_PROMPT_REQUIRES_BRANCH: "--prompt \u5FC5\u987B\u914D\u5408 -b \u6307\u5B9A\u76EE\u6807\u5206\u652F",
+  RESUME_PROMPT_REQUIRES_BRANCH: {
+    en: "--prompt requires -b to specify the target branch",
+    "zh-CN": "--prompt \u5FC5\u987B\u914D\u5408 -b \u6307\u5B9A\u76EE\u6807\u5206\u652F"
+  },
   /** --prompt 和 -f 不能同时使用 */
-  RESUME_PROMPT_FILE_CONFLICT: "--prompt \u548C -f \u4E0D\u80FD\u540C\u65F6\u4F7F\u7528",
+  RESUME_PROMPT_FILE_CONFLICT: {
+    en: "--prompt and -f cannot be used together",
+    "zh-CN": "--prompt \u548C -f \u4E0D\u80FD\u540C\u65F6\u4F7F\u7528"
+  },
   /** 未找到对应 worktree */
-  RESUME_WORKTREE_NOT_FOUND: (branch, available) => `\u672A\u627E\u5230\u5206\u652F "${branch}" \u5BF9\u5E94\u7684 worktree
-  \u53EF\u7528\u5206\u652F\uFF1A
+  RESUME_WORKTREE_NOT_FOUND: {
+    en: (branch, available) => `No worktree found for branch "${branch}"
+  Available branches:
 ${available.map((b) => `    - ${b}`).join("\n")}`,
+    "zh-CN": (branch, available) => `\u672A\u627E\u5230\u5206\u652F "${branch}" \u5BF9\u5E94\u7684 worktree
+  \u53EF\u7528\u5206\u652F\uFF1A
+${available.map((b) => `    - ${b}`).join("\n")}`
+  },
   /** 追问文件加载完成 */
-  RESUME_FOLLOW_UP_FILE_LOADED: (count, path2) => `\u4ECE ${path2} \u52A0\u8F7D\u4E86 ${count} \u4E2A\u8FFD\u95EE\u4EFB\u52A1`
+  RESUME_FOLLOW_UP_FILE_LOADED: {
+    en: (count, path2) => `Loaded ${count} follow-up task(s) from ${path2}`,
+    "zh-CN": (count, path2) => `\u4ECE ${path2} \u52A0\u8F7D\u4E86 ${count} \u4E2A\u8FFD\u95EE\u4EFB\u52A1`
+  },
+  // --- 从 terminal.ts 迁移 ---
+  /** 当前不在 cmux 环境中 */
+  NOT_IN_CMUX: {
+    en: "Not currently in a cmux environment, cannot create surface\nPlease run clawt resume from a cmux terminal, or change the terminalApp config",
+    "zh-CN": "\u5F53\u524D\u4E0D\u5728 cmux \u73AF\u5883\u4E2D\uFF0C\u65E0\u6CD5\u521B\u5EFA surface\n\u8BF7\u786E\u4FDD\u5728 cmux \u7EC8\u7AEF\u4E2D\u6267\u884C clawt resume \u547D\u4EE4\uFF0C\u6216\u4FEE\u6539 terminalApp \u914D\u7F6E"
+  },
+  /** Terminal.app 辅助功能权限提示 */
+  TERMINAL_ACCESSIBILITY_HINT: {
+    en: "\nHint: Terminal.app requires Accessibility permission. Grant it in System Settings \u2192 Privacy & Security \u2192 Accessibility",
+    "zh-CN": "\n\u63D0\u793A\uFF1ATerminal.app \u9700\u8981\u8F85\u52A9\u529F\u80FD\u6743\u9650\uFF0C\u8BF7\u5728\u300C\u7CFB\u7EDF\u8BBE\u7F6E \u2192 \u9690\u79C1\u4E0E\u5B89\u5168\u6027 \u2192 \u8F85\u52A9\u529F\u80FD\u300D\u4E2D\u6388\u6743\u7EC8\u7AEF\u5E94\u7528"
+  },
+  /** 批量 resume 仅支持 macOS */
+  BATCH_RESUME_MACOS_ONLY: {
+    en: "Batch resume is only supported on macOS",
+    "zh-CN": "\u6279\u91CF resume \u76EE\u524D\u4EC5\u652F\u6301 macOS \u5E73\u53F0"
+  },
+  // --- 从 claude.ts 迁移 ---
+  /** 正在 worktree 中启动 Claude Code 交互式界面 */
+  STARTING_CLAUDE_INTERACTIVE: {
+    en: "Starting Claude Code interactive session in worktree...",
+    "zh-CN": "\u6B63\u5728 worktree \u4E2D\u542F\u52A8 Claude Code \u4EA4\u4E92\u5F0F\u754C\u9762..."
+  },
+  /** 分支标签 */
+  BRANCH_LABEL: {
+    en: "Branch:",
+    "zh-CN": "\u5206\u652F:"
+  },
+  /** 路径标签（resume 专用，与 run 中的 PATH_LABEL 区分） */
+  PATH_LABEL_RESUME: {
+    en: "Path:",
+    "zh-CN": "\u8DEF\u5F84:"
+  },
+  /** 指令标签 */
+  COMMAND_LABEL: {
+    en: "Command:",
+    "zh-CN": "\u6307\u4EE4:"
+  },
+  /** 模式标签 */
+  MODE_LABEL: {
+    en: "Mode:",
+    "zh-CN": "\u6A21\u5F0F:"
+  },
+  /** 继续上次对话 */
+  CONTINUE_SESSION: {
+    en: "Continue previous session",
+    "zh-CN": "\u7EE7\u7EED\u4E0A\u6B21\u5BF9\u8BDD"
+  },
+  /** 新对话 */
+  NEW_SESSION: {
+    en: "New session",
+    "zh-CN": "\u65B0\u5BF9\u8BDD"
+  },
+  /** 启动 Claude Code 失败 */
+  CLAUDE_START_FAILED: {
+    en: (message) => `Failed to start Claude Code: ${message}`,
+    "zh-CN": (message) => `\u542F\u52A8 Claude Code \u5931\u8D25: ${message}`
+  }
 };
+var RESUME_MESSAGES = createMessages(RESUME_MESSAGES_I18N);
 
 // src/constants/messages/remove.ts
-var REMOVE_MESSAGES = {
+var REMOVE_MESSAGES_I18N = {
   /** remove 无可用 worktree */
-  REMOVE_NO_WORKTREES: "\u5F53\u524D\u9879\u76EE\u6CA1\u6709\u53EF\u7528\u7684 worktree\uFF0C\u65E0\u9700\u79FB\u9664",
+  REMOVE_NO_WORKTREES: {
+    en: "No worktrees available, nothing to remove",
+    "zh-CN": "\u5F53\u524D\u9879\u76EE\u6CA1\u6709\u53EF\u7528\u7684 worktree\uFF0C\u65E0\u9700\u79FB\u9664"
+  },
   /** remove 多选交互提示 */
-  REMOVE_SELECT_BRANCH: "\u8BF7\u9009\u62E9\u8981\u79FB\u9664\u7684\u5206\u652F\uFF08\u7A7A\u683C\u9009\u62E9\uFF0C\u56DE\u8F66\u786E\u8BA4\uFF09",
+  REMOVE_SELECT_BRANCH: {
+    en: "Select branches to remove (space to select, enter to confirm)",
+    "zh-CN": "\u8BF7\u9009\u62E9\u8981\u79FB\u9664\u7684\u5206\u652F\uFF08\u7A7A\u683C\u9009\u62E9\uFF0C\u56DE\u8F66\u786E\u8BA4\uFF09"
+  },
   /** remove 模糊匹配到多个结果提示 */
-  REMOVE_MULTIPLE_MATCHES: (name) => `"${name}" \u5339\u914D\u5230\u591A\u4E2A\u5206\u652F\uFF0C\u8BF7\u9009\u62E9\u8981\u79FB\u9664\u7684\uFF08\u7A7A\u683C\u9009\u62E9\uFF0C\u56DE\u8F66\u786E\u8BA4\uFF09\uFF1A`,
+  REMOVE_MULTIPLE_MATCHES: {
+    en: (name) => `"${name}" matched multiple branches, please select which to remove (space to select, enter to confirm):`,
+    "zh-CN": (name) => `"${name}" \u5339\u914D\u5230\u591A\u4E2A\u5206\u652F\uFF0C\u8BF7\u9009\u62E9\u8981\u79FB\u9664\u7684\uFF08\u7A7A\u683C\u9009\u62E9\uFF0C\u56DE\u8F66\u786E\u8BA4\uFF09\uFF1A`
+  },
   /** remove 模糊匹配无结果，列出可用分支 */
-  REMOVE_NO_MATCH: (name, branches) => `\u672A\u627E\u5230\u4E0E "${name}" \u5339\u914D\u7684\u5206\u652F
-  \u53EF\u7528\u5206\u652F\uFF1A
+  REMOVE_NO_MATCH: {
+    en: (name, branches) => `No branches matching "${name}"
+  Available branches:
 ${branches.map((b) => `    - ${b}`).join("\n")}`,
+    "zh-CN": (name, branches) => `\u672A\u627E\u5230\u4E0E "${name}" \u5339\u914D\u7684\u5206\u652F
+  \u53EF\u7528\u5206\u652F\uFF1A
+${branches.map((b) => `    - ${b}`).join("\n")}`
+  },
   /** 批量移除部分失败 */
-  REMOVE_PARTIAL_FAILURE: (failures) => `\u4EE5\u4E0B worktree \u79FB\u9664\u5931\u8D25\uFF1A
+  REMOVE_PARTIAL_FAILURE: {
+    en: (failures) => `Failed to remove the following worktrees:
 ${failures.map((f) => `  \u2717 ${f.path}: ${f.error}`).join("\n")}`,
+    "zh-CN": (failures) => `\u4EE5\u4E0B worktree \u79FB\u9664\u5931\u8D25\uFF1A
+${failures.map((f) => `  \u2717 ${f.path}: ${f.error}`).join("\n")}`
+  },
   /** 用户选择保留本地分支 */
-  REMOVE_BRANCHES_KEPT: "\u5DF2\u4FDD\u7559\u672C\u5730\u5206\u652F\uFF0C\u53EF\u7A0D\u540E\u4F7F\u7528 git branch -D <\u5206\u652F\u540D> \u624B\u52A8\u5220\u9664",
+  REMOVE_BRANCHES_KEPT: {
+    en: "Local branches kept. You can manually delete them later with: git branch -D <branch-name>",
+    "zh-CN": "\u5DF2\u4FDD\u7559\u672C\u5730\u5206\u652F\uFF0C\u53EF\u7A0D\u540E\u4F7F\u7528 git branch -D <\u5206\u652F\u540D> \u624B\u52A8\u5220\u9664"
+  },
   /** 确认删除本地分支和验证分支 */
-  REMOVE_CONFIRM_DELETE_BRANCHES: "\u662F\u5426\u540C\u65F6\u5220\u9664\u5BF9\u5E94\u7684\u672C\u5730\u5206\u652F\u548C\u9A8C\u8BC1\u5206\u652F\uFF1F",
+  REMOVE_CONFIRM_DELETE_BRANCHES: {
+    en: "Also delete the associated local and validation branches?",
+    "zh-CN": "\u662F\u5426\u540C\u65F6\u5220\u9664\u5BF9\u5E94\u7684\u672C\u5730\u5206\u652F\u548C\u9A8C\u8BC1\u5206\u652F\uFF1F"
+  },
   /** 待移除的 worktree 的分支是主 worktree 当前所在分支 */
-  REMOVE_BRANCH_IS_CURRENT: (branch) => `\u65E0\u6CD5\u79FB\u9664\uFF1A\u5206\u652F ${branch} \u662F\u4E3B worktree \u5F53\u524D\u6240\u5728\u5206\u652F\uFF0C\u8BF7\u5148\u5207\u6362\u5230\u5176\u4ED6\u5206\u652F\u540E\u518D\u79FB\u9664`,
+  REMOVE_BRANCH_IS_CURRENT: {
+    en: (branch) => `Cannot remove: branch ${branch} is the current branch of the main worktree. Please switch to another branch first`,
+    "zh-CN": (branch) => `\u65E0\u6CD5\u79FB\u9664\uFF1A\u5206\u652F ${branch} \u662F\u4E3B worktree \u5F53\u524D\u6240\u5728\u5206\u652F\uFF0C\u8BF7\u5148\u5207\u6362\u5230\u5176\u4ED6\u5206\u652F\u540E\u518D\u79FB\u9664`
+  },
   /** 待移除的 worktree 对应的验证分支是主 worktree 当前所在分支 */
-  REMOVE_VALIDATE_BRANCH_IS_CURRENT: (branch, validateBranch) => `\u65E0\u6CD5\u79FB\u9664\uFF1A\u5206\u652F ${branch} \u7684\u9A8C\u8BC1\u5206\u652F ${validateBranch} \u662F\u4E3B worktree \u5F53\u524D\u6240\u5728\u5206\u652F\uFF0C\u8BF7\u5148\u5207\u6362\u5230\u5176\u4ED6\u5206\u652F\u540E\u518D\u79FB\u9664`
+  REMOVE_VALIDATE_BRANCH_IS_CURRENT: {
+    en: (branch, validateBranch) => `Cannot remove: the validation branch ${validateBranch} of branch ${branch} is the current branch of the main worktree. Please switch to another branch first`,
+    "zh-CN": (branch, validateBranch) => `\u65E0\u6CD5\u79FB\u9664\uFF1A\u5206\u652F ${branch} \u7684\u9A8C\u8BC1\u5206\u652F ${validateBranch} \u662F\u4E3B worktree \u5F53\u524D\u6240\u5728\u5206\u652F\uFF0C\u8BF7\u5148\u5207\u6362\u5230\u5176\u4ED6\u5206\u652F\u540E\u518D\u79FB\u9664`
+  }
 };
+var REMOVE_MESSAGES = createMessages(REMOVE_MESSAGES_I18N);
 
 // src/constants/messages/reset.ts
-var RESET_MESSAGES = {
+var RESET_MESSAGES_I18N = {
   /** reset 成功 */
-  RESET_SUCCESS: "\u2713 \u4E3B worktree \u5DE5\u4F5C\u533A\u548C\u6682\u5B58\u533A\u5DF2\u91CD\u7F6E",
+  RESET_SUCCESS: {
+    en: "\u2713 Main worktree working directory and staging area have been reset",
+    "zh-CN": "\u2713 \u4E3B worktree \u5DE5\u4F5C\u533A\u548C\u6682\u5B58\u533A\u5DF2\u91CD\u7F6E"
+  },
   /** reset 时工作区和暂存区已干净 */
-  RESET_ALREADY_CLEAN: "\u4E3B worktree \u5DE5\u4F5C\u533A\u548C\u6682\u5B58\u533A\u5DF2\u662F\u5E72\u51C0\u72B6\u6001\uFF0C\u65E0\u9700\u91CD\u7F6E"
+  RESET_ALREADY_CLEAN: {
+    en: "Main worktree working directory and staging area are already clean, no reset needed",
+    "zh-CN": "\u4E3B worktree \u5DE5\u4F5C\u533A\u548C\u6682\u5B58\u533A\u5DF2\u662F\u5E72\u51C0\u72B6\u6001\uFF0C\u65E0\u9700\u91CD\u7F6E"
+  }
 };
+var RESET_MESSAGES = createMessages(RESET_MESSAGES_I18N);
 
 // src/constants/messages/config.ts
-var CONFIG_ALIAS_DISABLED_HINT = "(\u901A\u8FC7 clawt alias \u547D\u4EE4\u7BA1\u7406)";
-var CONFIG_CMD_MESSAGES = {
+var CONFIG_ALIAS_DISABLED_HINT_I18N = {
+  en: "(Manage via clawt alias command)",
+  "zh-CN": "(\u901A\u8FC7 clawt alias \u547D\u4EE4\u7BA1\u7406)"
+};
+var CONFIG_ALIAS_DISABLED_HINT = createMessages({ HINT: CONFIG_ALIAS_DISABLED_HINT_I18N }).HINT;
+var CONFIG_CMD_MESSAGES_I18N = {
   /** 配置已恢复为默认值 */
-  CONFIG_RESET_SUCCESS: "\u2713 \u914D\u7F6E\u5DF2\u6062\u590D\u4E3A\u9ED8\u8BA4\u503C",
+  CONFIG_RESET_SUCCESS: {
+    en: "\u2713 Configuration reset to defaults",
+    "zh-CN": "\u2713 \u914D\u7F6E\u5DF2\u6062\u590D\u4E3A\u9ED8\u8BA4\u503C"
+  },
   /** 配置项设置成功 */
-  CONFIG_SET_SUCCESS: (key, value) => `\u2713 ${key} \u5DF2\u8BBE\u7F6E\u4E3A ${value}`,
+  CONFIG_SET_SUCCESS: {
+    en: (key, value) => `\u2713 ${key} set to ${value}`,
+    "zh-CN": (key, value) => `\u2713 ${key} \u5DF2\u8BBE\u7F6E\u4E3A ${value}`
+  },
   /** 获取配置值显示 */
-  CONFIG_GET_VALUE: (key, value) => `${key} = ${value}`,
+  CONFIG_GET_VALUE: {
+    en: (key, value) => `${key} = ${value}`,
+    "zh-CN": (key, value) => `${key} = ${value}`
+  },
   /** 无效配置项名称 */
-  CONFIG_INVALID_KEY: (key, validKeys) => `\u65E0\u6548\u7684\u914D\u7F6E\u9879: ${key}
-\u53EF\u7528\u7684\u914D\u7F6E\u9879: ${validKeys.join(", ")}`,
+  CONFIG_INVALID_KEY: {
+    en: (key, validKeys) => `Invalid config key: ${key}
+Available keys: ${validKeys.join(", ")}`,
+    "zh-CN": (key, validKeys) => `\u65E0\u6548\u7684\u914D\u7F6E\u9879: ${key}
+\u53EF\u7528\u7684\u914D\u7F6E\u9879: ${validKeys.join(", ")}`
+  },
   /** 布尔类型值无效 */
-  CONFIG_INVALID_BOOLEAN: (key) => `\u914D\u7F6E\u9879 ${key} \u4E3A\u5E03\u5C14\u7C7B\u578B\uFF0C\u4EC5\u63A5\u53D7 true \u6216 false`,
+  CONFIG_INVALID_BOOLEAN: {
+    en: (key) => `Config key ${key} is boolean, only accepts true or false`,
+    "zh-CN": (key) => `\u914D\u7F6E\u9879 ${key} \u4E3A\u5E03\u5C14\u7C7B\u578B\uFF0C\u4EC5\u63A5\u53D7 true \u6216 false`
+  },
   /** 数字类型值无效 */
-  CONFIG_INVALID_NUMBER: (key) => `\u914D\u7F6E\u9879 ${key} \u4E3A\u6570\u5B57\u7C7B\u578B\uFF0C\u8BF7\u8F93\u5165\u6709\u6548\u7684\u6570\u5B57`,
+  CONFIG_INVALID_NUMBER: {
+    en: (key) => `Config key ${key} is numeric, please enter a valid number`,
+    "zh-CN": (key) => `\u914D\u7F6E\u9879 ${key} \u4E3A\u6570\u5B57\u7C7B\u578B\uFF0C\u8BF7\u8F93\u5165\u6709\u6548\u7684\u6570\u5B57`
+  },
   /** 枚举类型配置项值无效（通用版） */
-  CONFIG_INVALID_ENUM: (key, validValues) => `\u914D\u7F6E\u9879 ${key} \u4EC5\u63A5\u53D7\u4EE5\u4E0B\u503C: ${validValues.join(", ")}`,
+  CONFIG_INVALID_ENUM: {
+    en: (key, validValues) => `Config key ${key} only accepts: ${validValues.join(", ")}`,
+    "zh-CN": (key, validValues) => `\u914D\u7F6E\u9879 ${key} \u4EC5\u63A5\u53D7\u4EE5\u4E0B\u503C: ${validValues.join(", ")}`
+  },
   /** 交互式选择配置项提示 */
-  CONFIG_SELECT_PROMPT: "\u9009\u62E9\u8981\u4FEE\u6539\u7684\u914D\u7F6E\u9879",
+  CONFIG_SELECT_PROMPT: {
+    en: "Select a config key to modify",
+    "zh-CN": "\u9009\u62E9\u8981\u4FEE\u6539\u7684\u914D\u7F6E\u9879"
+  },
   /** 交互式输入新值提示 */
-  CONFIG_INPUT_PROMPT: (key) => `\u8F93\u5165 ${key} \u7684\u65B0\u503C`,
+  CONFIG_INPUT_PROMPT: {
+    en: (key) => `Enter new value for ${key}`,
+    "zh-CN": (key) => `\u8F93\u5165 ${key} \u7684\u65B0\u503C`
+  },
   /** 缺少 value 参数提示 */
-  CONFIG_MISSING_VALUE: (key) => `\u7F3A\u5C11\u914D\u7F6E\u503C\uFF0C\u7528\u6CD5: clawt config set ${key} <value>`
+  CONFIG_MISSING_VALUE: {
+    en: (key) => `Missing value, usage: clawt config set ${key} <value>`,
+    "zh-CN": (key) => `\u7F3A\u5C11\u914D\u7F6E\u503C\uFF0C\u7528\u6CD5: clawt config set ${key} <value>`
+  }
 };
+var CONFIG_CMD_MESSAGES = createMessages(CONFIG_CMD_MESSAGES_I18N);
 
 // src/constants/messages/status.ts
-var STATUS_MESSAGES = {
+var STATUS_MESSAGES_I18N = {
   /** status 命令标题 */
-  STATUS_TITLE: (projectName) => `\u9879\u76EE\u72B6\u6001\u603B\u89C8: ${projectName}`,
+  STATUS_TITLE: {
+    en: (projectName) => `Project Status Overview: ${projectName}`,
+    "zh-CN": (projectName) => `\u9879\u76EE\u72B6\u6001\u603B\u89C8: ${projectName}`
+  },
   /** status 主 worktree 区块标题 */
-  STATUS_MAIN_SECTION: "\u4E3B Worktree",
+  STATUS_MAIN_SECTION: {
+    en: "Main Worktree",
+    "zh-CN": "\u4E3B Worktree"
+  },
   /** status worktrees 区块标题 */
-  STATUS_WORKTREES_SECTION: "Worktree \u5217\u8868",
+  STATUS_WORKTREES_SECTION: {
+    en: "Worktrees",
+    "zh-CN": "Worktree \u5217\u8868"
+  },
   /** status 快照区块标题 */
-  STATUS_SNAPSHOTS_SECTION: "Validate \u5FEB\u7167",
+  STATUS_SNAPSHOTS_SECTION: {
+    en: "Validate Snapshots",
+    "zh-CN": "Validate \u5FEB\u7167"
+  },
   /** status 无 worktree */
-  STATUS_NO_WORKTREES: "(\u65E0\u6D3B\u8DC3 worktree)",
+  STATUS_NO_WORKTREES: {
+    en: "(No active worktrees)",
+    "zh-CN": "(\u65E0\u6D3B\u8DC3 worktree)"
+  },
   /** status 无未清理快照 */
-  STATUS_NO_SNAPSHOTS: "(\u65E0\u672A\u6E05\u7406\u7684\u5FEB\u7167)",
+  STATUS_NO_SNAPSHOTS: {
+    en: "(No pending snapshots)",
+    "zh-CN": "(\u65E0\u672A\u6E05\u7406\u7684\u5FEB\u7167)"
+  },
   /** status 变更状态：已提交 */
-  STATUS_CHANGE_COMMITTED: "\u5DF2\u63D0\u4EA4",
+  STATUS_CHANGE_COMMITTED: {
+    en: "Committed",
+    "zh-CN": "\u5DF2\u63D0\u4EA4"
+  },
   /** status 变更状态：未提交修改 */
-  STATUS_CHANGE_UNCOMMITTED: "\u672A\u63D0\u4EA4\u4FEE\u6539",
+  STATUS_CHANGE_UNCOMMITTED: {
+    en: "Uncommitted changes",
+    "zh-CN": "\u672A\u63D0\u4EA4\u4FEE\u6539"
+  },
   /** status 变更状态：合并冲突 */
-  STATUS_CHANGE_CONFLICT: "\u5408\u5E76\u51B2\u7A81",
+  STATUS_CHANGE_CONFLICT: {
+    en: "Merge conflict",
+    "zh-CN": "\u5408\u5E76\u51B2\u7A81"
+  },
   /** status 变更状态：无变更 */
-  STATUS_CHANGE_CLEAN: "\u65E0\u53D8\u66F4",
+  STATUS_CHANGE_CLEAN: {
+    en: "No changes",
+    "zh-CN": "\u65E0\u53D8\u66F4"
+  },
   /** status 快照对应 worktree 已不存在 */
-  STATUS_SNAPSHOT_ORPHANED: (count) => `\u5176\u4E2D ${count} \u4E2A\u5FEB\u7167\u5BF9\u5E94\u7684 worktree \u5DF2\u4E0D\u5B58\u5728`,
+  STATUS_SNAPSHOT_ORPHANED: {
+    en: (count) => `${count} snapshot(s) reference worktrees that no longer exist`,
+    "zh-CN": (count) => `\u5176\u4E2D ${count} \u4E2A\u5FEB\u7167\u5BF9\u5E94\u7684 worktree \u5DF2\u4E0D\u5B58\u5728`
+  },
   /** status 分支创建时间标签 */
-  STATUS_CREATED_AT: (relativeTime) => `\u521B\u5EFA\u4E8E ${relativeTime}`,
+  STATUS_CREATED_AT: {
+    en: (relativeTime) => `Created ${relativeTime}`,
+    "zh-CN": (relativeTime) => `\u521B\u5EFA\u4E8E ${relativeTime}`
+  },
   /** status 分支无分叉提交时的提示 */
-  STATUS_NO_DIVERGED_COMMITS: "\u5C1A\u65E0\u5206\u53C9\u63D0\u4EA4",
+  STATUS_NO_DIVERGED_COMMITS: {
+    en: "No diverged commits yet",
+    "zh-CN": "\u5C1A\u65E0\u5206\u53C9\u63D0\u4EA4"
+  },
   /** status 上次验证时间标签 */
-  STATUS_LAST_VALIDATED: (relativeTime) => `\u4E0A\u6B21\u9A8C\u8BC1: ${relativeTime}`,
+  STATUS_LAST_VALIDATED: {
+    en: (relativeTime) => `Last validated: ${relativeTime}`,
+    "zh-CN": (relativeTime) => `\u4E0A\u6B21\u9A8C\u8BC1: ${relativeTime}`
+  },
   /** status 未验证警示 */
-  STATUS_NOT_VALIDATED: "\u2717 \u672A\u9A8C\u8BC1",
+  STATUS_NOT_VALIDATED: {
+    en: "\u2717 Not validated",
+    "zh-CN": "\u2717 \u672A\u9A8C\u8BC1"
+  },
   /** status 配置的主工作分支（正常状态） */
-  STATUS_CONFIGURED_BRANCH: (branchName) => `\u4E3B\u5DE5\u4F5C\u5206\u652F: ${branchName}`,
+  STATUS_CONFIGURED_BRANCH: {
+    en: (branchName) => `Main work branch: ${branchName}`,
+    "zh-CN": (branchName) => `\u4E3B\u5DE5\u4F5C\u5206\u652F: ${branchName}`
+  },
   /** status 配置的主工作分支已不存在 */
-  STATUS_CONFIGURED_BRANCH_DELETED: (branchName) => `\u2717 \u4E3B\u5DE5\u4F5C\u5206\u652F: ${branchName}\uFF08\u5DF2\u4E0D\u5B58\u5728\uFF0C\u8BF7\u6267\u884C clawt init \u91CD\u65B0\u8BBE\u7F6E\uFF09`,
+  STATUS_CONFIGURED_BRANCH_DELETED: {
+    en: (branchName) => `\u2717 Main work branch: ${branchName} (no longer exists, run clawt init to reset)`,
+    "zh-CN": (branchName) => `\u2717 \u4E3B\u5DE5\u4F5C\u5206\u652F: ${branchName}\uFF08\u5DF2\u4E0D\u5B58\u5728\uFF0C\u8BF7\u6267\u884C clawt init \u91CD\u65B0\u8BBE\u7F6E\uFF09`
+  },
   /** status 当前分支与配置的主工作分支不一致 */
-  STATUS_CONFIGURED_BRANCH_MISMATCH: (branchName) => `\u26A0 \u4E3B\u5DE5\u4F5C\u5206\u652F: ${branchName}\uFF08\u5F53\u524D\u5206\u652F\u4E0D\u4E00\u81F4\uFF0C\u5982\u9700\u66F4\u65B0\u8BF7\u6267\u884C clawt init\uFF09`
+  STATUS_CONFIGURED_BRANCH_MISMATCH: {
+    en: (branchName) => `\u26A0 Main work branch: ${branchName} (current branch mismatch, run clawt init to update)`,
+    "zh-CN": (branchName) => `\u26A0 \u4E3B\u5DE5\u4F5C\u5206\u652F: ${branchName}\uFF08\u5F53\u524D\u5206\u652F\u4E0D\u4E00\u81F4\uFF0C\u5982\u9700\u66F4\u65B0\u8BF7\u6267\u884C clawt init\uFF09`
+  }
 };
+var STATUS_MESSAGES = createMessages(STATUS_MESSAGES_I18N);
 
 // src/constants/messages/alias.ts
-var ALIAS_MESSAGES = {
+var ALIAS_MESSAGES_I18N = {
   /** 别名列表为空 */
-  ALIAS_LIST_EMPTY: "(\u65E0\u522B\u540D)",
+  ALIAS_LIST_EMPTY: {
+    en: "(No aliases)",
+    "zh-CN": "(\u65E0\u522B\u540D)"
+  },
   /** 别名设置成功 */
-  ALIAS_SET_SUCCESS: (alias, command) => `\u2713 \u5DF2\u8BBE\u7F6E\u522B\u540D: ${alias} \u2192 ${command}`,
+  ALIAS_SET_SUCCESS: {
+    en: (alias, command) => `\u2713 Alias set: ${alias} \u2192 ${command}`,
+    "zh-CN": (alias, command) => `\u2713 \u5DF2\u8BBE\u7F6E\u522B\u540D: ${alias} \u2192 ${command}`
+  },
   /** 别名移除成功 */
-  ALIAS_REMOVE_SUCCESS: (alias) => `\u2713 \u5DF2\u79FB\u9664\u522B\u540D: ${alias}`,
+  ALIAS_REMOVE_SUCCESS: {
+    en: (alias) => `\u2713 Alias removed: ${alias}`,
+    "zh-CN": (alias) => `\u2713 \u5DF2\u79FB\u9664\u522B\u540D: ${alias}`
+  },
   /** 别名不存在 */
-  ALIAS_NOT_FOUND: (alias) => `\u522B\u540D "${alias}" \u4E0D\u5B58\u5728`,
+  ALIAS_NOT_FOUND: {
+    en: (alias) => `Alias "${alias}" does not exist`,
+    "zh-CN": (alias) => `\u522B\u540D "${alias}" \u4E0D\u5B58\u5728`
+  },
   /** 别名与内置命令冲突 */
-  ALIAS_CONFLICTS_BUILTIN: (alias) => `\u522B\u540D "${alias}" \u4E0E\u5185\u7F6E\u547D\u4EE4\u51B2\u7A81\uFF0C\u4E0D\u5141\u8BB8\u8986\u76D6\u5185\u7F6E\u547D\u4EE4`,
+  ALIAS_CONFLICTS_BUILTIN: {
+    en: (alias) => `Alias "${alias}" conflicts with a built-in command. Overriding built-in commands is not allowed`,
+    "zh-CN": (alias) => `\u522B\u540D "${alias}" \u4E0E\u5185\u7F6E\u547D\u4EE4\u51B2\u7A81\uFF0C\u4E0D\u5141\u8BB8\u8986\u76D6\u5185\u7F6E\u547D\u4EE4`
+  },
   /** 目标命令不存在 */
-  ALIAS_TARGET_NOT_FOUND: (command) => `\u76EE\u6807\u547D\u4EE4 "${command}" \u4E0D\u5B58\u5728\uFF0C\u8BF7\u6307\u5B9A\u5DF2\u6CE8\u518C\u7684\u5185\u7F6E\u547D\u4EE4\u540D`,
+  ALIAS_TARGET_NOT_FOUND: {
+    en: (command) => `Target command "${command}" does not exist. Please specify a registered built-in command name`,
+    "zh-CN": (command) => `\u76EE\u6807\u547D\u4EE4 "${command}" \u4E0D\u5B58\u5728\uFF0C\u8BF7\u6307\u5B9A\u5DF2\u6CE8\u518C\u7684\u5185\u7F6E\u547D\u4EE4\u540D`
+  },
   /** 别名列表标题 */
-  ALIAS_LIST_TITLE: "\u5F53\u524D\u522B\u540D\u5217\u8868\uFF1A"
+  ALIAS_LIST_TITLE: {
+    en: "Current aliases:",
+    "zh-CN": "\u5F53\u524D\u522B\u540D\u5217\u8868\uFF1A"
+  }
 };
+var ALIAS_MESSAGES = createMessages(ALIAS_MESSAGES_I18N);
 
 // src/constants/messages/projects.ts
-var PROJECTS_MESSAGES = {
+var PROJECTS_MESSAGES_I18N = {
   /** projects 命令全局概览标题 */
-  PROJECTS_OVERVIEW_TITLE: "\u9879\u76EE\u6982\u89C8",
+  PROJECTS_OVERVIEW_TITLE: {
+    en: "Project Overview",
+    "zh-CN": "\u9879\u76EE\u6982\u89C8"
+  },
   /** projects 命令指定项目详情标题 */
-  PROJECTS_DETAIL_TITLE: (projectName) => `\u9879\u76EE\u8BE6\u60C5: ${projectName}`,
+  PROJECTS_DETAIL_TITLE: {
+    en: (projectName) => `Project Details: ${projectName}`,
+    "zh-CN": (projectName) => `\u9879\u76EE\u8BE6\u60C5: ${projectName}`
+  },
   /** 无项目提示 */
-  PROJECTS_NO_PROJECTS: "(\u6682\u65E0\u9879\u76EE\uFF0Cworktrees \u76EE\u5F55\u4E3A\u7A7A)",
+  PROJECTS_NO_PROJECTS: {
+    en: "(No projects, worktrees directory is empty)",
+    "zh-CN": "(\u6682\u65E0\u9879\u76EE\uFF0Cworktrees \u76EE\u5F55\u4E3A\u7A7A)"
+  },
   /** 项目不存在提示 */
-  PROJECTS_NOT_FOUND: (name) => `\u9879\u76EE ${name} \u4E0D\u5B58\u5728`,
+  PROJECTS_NOT_FOUND: {
+    en: (name) => `Project ${name} does not exist`,
+    "zh-CN": (name) => `\u9879\u76EE ${name} \u4E0D\u5B58\u5728`
+  },
   /** worktree 数量标签 */
-  PROJECTS_WORKTREE_COUNT: (count) => `${count} \u4E2A worktree`,
+  PROJECTS_WORKTREE_COUNT: {
+    en: (count) => `${count} worktree(s)`,
+    "zh-CN": (count) => `${count} \u4E2A worktree`
+  },
   /** 最近活跃时间标签 */
-  PROJECTS_LAST_ACTIVE: (relativeTime) => `\u6700\u8FD1\u6D3B\u8DC3: ${relativeTime}`,
+  PROJECTS_LAST_ACTIVE: {
+    en: (relativeTime) => `Last active: ${relativeTime}`,
+    "zh-CN": (relativeTime) => `\u6700\u8FD1\u6D3B\u8DC3: ${relativeTime}`
+  },
   /** 磁盘占用标签 */
-  PROJECTS_DISK_USAGE: (size) => `\u78C1\u76D8\u5360\u7528: ${size}`,
+  PROJECTS_DISK_USAGE: {
+    en: (size) => `Disk usage: ${size}`,
+    "zh-CN": (size) => `\u78C1\u76D8\u5360\u7528: ${size}`
+  },
   /** 总磁盘占用标签 */
-  PROJECTS_TOTAL_DISK_USAGE: (size) => `\u603B\u5360\u7528: ${size}`,
+  PROJECTS_TOTAL_DISK_USAGE: {
+    en: (size) => `Total: ${size}`,
+    "zh-CN": (size) => `\u603B\u5360\u7528: ${size}`
+  },
   /** projects 详情无 worktree */
-  PROJECTS_DETAIL_NO_WORKTREES: "(\u8BE5\u9879\u76EE\u4E0B\u65E0 worktree)",
+  PROJECTS_DETAIL_NO_WORKTREES: {
+    en: "(No worktrees in this project)",
+    "zh-CN": "(\u8BE5\u9879\u76EE\u4E0B\u65E0 worktree)"
+  },
   /** 路径标签 */
-  PROJECTS_PATH: (path2) => `\u8DEF\u5F84: ${path2}`,
+  PROJECTS_PATH: {
+    en: (path2) => `Path: ${path2}`,
+    "zh-CN": (path2) => `\u8DEF\u5F84: ${path2}`
+  },
   /** 最后修改时间标签 */
-  PROJECTS_LAST_MODIFIED: (relativeTime) => `\u6700\u540E\u4FEE\u6539: ${relativeTime}`
+  PROJECTS_LAST_MODIFIED: {
+    en: (relativeTime) => `Last modified: ${relativeTime}`,
+    "zh-CN": (relativeTime) => `\u6700\u540E\u4FEE\u6539: ${relativeTime}`
+  }
 };
+var PROJECTS_MESSAGES = createMessages(PROJECTS_MESSAGES_I18N);
 
 // src/constants/messages/completion.ts
-var COMPLETION_MESSAGES = {
+var COMPLETION_MESSAGES_I18N = {
   /** completion 命令的主描述 */
-  COMPLETION_COMMAND_DESC: "\u4E3A\u7EC8\u7AEF\u63D0\u4F9B shell \u81EA\u52A8\u8865\u5168\u529F\u80FD\uFF08bash/zsh\uFF09",
+  COMPLETION_COMMAND_DESC: {
+    en: "Provide shell auto-completion for terminal (bash/zsh)",
+    "zh-CN": "\u4E3A\u7EC8\u7AEF\u63D0\u4F9B shell \u81EA\u52A8\u8865\u5168\u529F\u80FD\uFF08bash/zsh\uFF09"
+  },
   /** bash 子命令描述 */
-  COMPLETION_BASH_DESC: "\u8F93\u51FA bash \u81EA\u52A8\u8865\u5168\u811A\u672C",
+  COMPLETION_BASH_DESC: {
+    en: "Output bash auto-completion script",
+    "zh-CN": "\u8F93\u51FA bash \u81EA\u52A8\u8865\u5168\u811A\u672C"
+  },
   /** zsh 子命令描述 */
-  COMPLETION_ZSH_DESC: "\u8F93\u51FA zsh \u81EA\u52A8\u8865\u5168\u811A\u672C",
+  COMPLETION_ZSH_DESC: {
+    en: "Output zsh auto-completion script",
+    "zh-CN": "\u8F93\u51FA zsh \u81EA\u52A8\u8865\u5168\u811A\u672C"
+  },
   /** install 子命令描述 */
-  COMPLETION_INSTALL_DESC: "\u81EA\u52A8\u5B89\u88C5\u8865\u5168\u811A\u672C\u5230\u5F53\u524D\u7528\u6237\u7684 shell \u914D\u7F6E\u6587\u4EF6",
+  COMPLETION_INSTALL_DESC: {
+    en: "Auto-install completion script to current user shell config",
+    "zh-CN": "\u81EA\u52A8\u5B89\u88C5\u8865\u5168\u811A\u672C\u5230\u5F53\u524D\u7528\u6237\u7684 shell \u914D\u7F6E\u6587\u4EF6"
+  },
   /** 安装成功提示 */
-  COMPLETION_INSTALL_SUCCESS: "\u81EA\u52A8\u8865\u5168\u914D\u7F6E\u5DF2\u6210\u529F\u5199\u5165",
+  COMPLETION_INSTALL_SUCCESS: {
+    en: "Auto-completion config written successfully",
+    "zh-CN": "\u81EA\u52A8\u8865\u5168\u914D\u7F6E\u5DF2\u6210\u529F\u5199\u5165"
+  },
   /** 安装失败或未知的 shell 提示 */
-  COMPLETION_INSTALL_UNKNOWN_SHELL: "\u672A\u77E5\u7684 Shell \u73AF\u5883\u6216\u65E0\u6CD5\u81EA\u52A8\u5B89\u88C5\uFF0C\u8BF7\u624B\u52A8\u914D\u7F6E\u3002",
+  COMPLETION_INSTALL_UNKNOWN_SHELL: {
+    en: "Unknown shell or unable to auto-install. Please configure manually.",
+    "zh-CN": "\u672A\u77E5\u7684 Shell \u73AF\u5883\u6216\u65E0\u6CD5\u81EA\u52A8\u5B89\u88C5\uFF0C\u8BF7\u624B\u52A8\u914D\u7F6E\u3002"
+  },
   /** 补全配置已存在提示 */
-  COMPLETION_INSTALL_EXISTS: "\u81EA\u52A8\u8865\u5168\u914D\u7F6E\u5DF2\u5B58\u5728\u4E8E\u76EE\u6807\u6587\u4EF6\u4E2D",
+  COMPLETION_INSTALL_EXISTS: {
+    en: "Auto-completion config already exists in target file",
+    "zh-CN": "\u81EA\u52A8\u8865\u5168\u914D\u7F6E\u5DF2\u5B58\u5728\u4E8E\u76EE\u6807\u6587\u4EF6\u4E2D"
+  },
   /** 提示用户重启生效 */
-  COMPLETION_INSTALL_RESTART: (filePath) => `\u8BF7\u91CD\u542F\u7EC8\u7AEF\u6216\u8FD0\u884C \`source ${filePath}\` \u4EE5\u4F7F\u8865\u5168\u751F\u6548\u3002`,
+  COMPLETION_INSTALL_RESTART: {
+    en: (filePath) => `Please restart your terminal or run \`source ${filePath}\` for completion to take effect.`,
+    "zh-CN": (filePath) => `\u8BF7\u91CD\u542F\u7EC8\u7AEF\u6216\u8FD0\u884C \`source ${filePath}\` \u4EE5\u4F7F\u8865\u5168\u751F\u6548\u3002`
+  },
   /** 安装写入失败提示 */
-  COMPLETION_INSTALL_WRITE_ERROR: (filePath) => `\u65E0\u6CD5\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4EF6 ${filePath}\uFF0C\u8BF7\u68C0\u67E5\u6587\u4EF6\u6743\u9650\u6216\u624B\u52A8\u914D\u7F6E\u3002`
+  COMPLETION_INSTALL_WRITE_ERROR: {
+    en: (filePath) => `Cannot write file ${filePath}, please check file permissions or configure manually.`,
+    "zh-CN": (filePath) => `\u65E0\u6CD5\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4EF6 ${filePath}\uFF0C\u8BF7\u68C0\u67E5\u6587\u4EF6\u6743\u9650\u6216\u624B\u52A8\u914D\u7F6E\u3002`
+  }
 };
+var COMPLETION_MESSAGES = createMessages(COMPLETION_MESSAGES_I18N);
 
 // src/constants/messages/update.ts
-var UPDATE_COMMANDS = {
-  npm: "npm i -g clawt",
-  pnpm: "pnpm add -g clawt",
-  yarn: "yarn global add clawt"
+var UPDATE_COMMANDS_I18N = {
+  npm: {
+    en: "npm i -g clawt",
+    "zh-CN": "npm i -g clawt"
+  },
+  pnpm: {
+    en: "pnpm add -g clawt",
+    "zh-CN": "pnpm add -g clawt"
+  },
+  yarn: {
+    en: "yarn global add clawt",
+    "zh-CN": "yarn global add clawt"
+  }
 };
-var UPDATE_MESSAGES = {
+var UPDATE_COMMANDS = createMessages(UPDATE_COMMANDS_I18N);
+var UPDATE_MESSAGES_I18N = {
   /** 版本更新提示 */
-  UPDATE_AVAILABLE: (currentVersion, latestVersion) => `clawt \u6709\u65B0\u7248\u672C\u53EF\u7528: ${currentVersion} \u2192 ${latestVersion}`,
+  UPDATE_AVAILABLE: {
+    en: (currentVersion, latestVersion) => `clawt update available: ${currentVersion} \u2192 ${latestVersion}`,
+    "zh-CN": (currentVersion, latestVersion) => `clawt \u6709\u65B0\u7248\u672C\u53EF\u7528: ${currentVersion} \u2192 ${latestVersion}`
+  },
   /** 更新操作提示 */
-  UPDATE_HINT: (command) => `\u6267\u884C ${command} \u8FDB\u884C\u66F4\u65B0`
+  UPDATE_HINT: {
+    en: (command) => `Run ${command} to update`,
+    "zh-CN": (command) => `\u6267\u884C ${command} \u8FDB\u884C\u66F4\u65B0`
+  }
 };
+var UPDATE_MESSAGES = createMessages(UPDATE_MESSAGES_I18N);
 
 // src/constants/messages/init.ts
-var INIT_MESSAGES = {
+var INIT_MESSAGES_I18N = {
   /** init 成功 */
-  INIT_SUCCESS: (branch) => `\u2713 \u9879\u76EE\u521D\u59CB\u5316\u6210\u529F\uFF0C\u4E3B\u5DE5\u4F5C\u5206\u652F\u8BBE\u7F6E\u4E3A: ${branch}`,
+  INIT_SUCCESS: {
+    en: (branch) => `\u2713 Project initialized, main work branch set to: ${branch}`,
+    "zh-CN": (branch) => `\u2713 \u9879\u76EE\u521D\u59CB\u5316\u6210\u529F\uFF0C\u4E3B\u5DE5\u4F5C\u5206\u652F\u8BBE\u7F6E\u4E3A: ${branch}`
+  },
   /** init 更新 */
-  INIT_UPDATED: (oldBranch, newBranch) => `\u2713 \u5DF2\u5C06\u4E3B\u5DE5\u4F5C\u5206\u652F\u4ECE ${oldBranch} \u66F4\u65B0\u4E3A ${newBranch}`,
+  INIT_UPDATED: {
+    en: (oldBranch, newBranch) => `\u2713 Main work branch updated from ${oldBranch} to ${newBranch}`,
+    "zh-CN": (oldBranch, newBranch) => `\u2713 \u5DF2\u5C06\u4E3B\u5DE5\u4F5C\u5206\u652F\u4ECE ${oldBranch} \u66F4\u65B0\u4E3A ${newBranch}`
+  },
   /** init show 查看当前项目完整配置（JSON 格式） */
-  INIT_SHOW: (configJson) => `${configJson}`,
+  INIT_SHOW: {
+    en: (configJson) => `${configJson}`,
+    "zh-CN": (configJson) => `${configJson}`
+  },
   /** init 未初始化 */
-  INIT_NOT_INITIALIZED: "\u9879\u76EE\u5C1A\u672A\u521D\u59CB\u5316\uFF0C\u8BF7\u5148\u6267\u884C clawt init \u8BBE\u7F6E\u4E3B\u5DE5\u4F5C\u5206\u652F",
+  INIT_NOT_INITIALIZED: {
+    en: "Project not initialized. Please run clawt init to set the main work branch",
+    "zh-CN": "\u9879\u76EE\u5C1A\u672A\u521D\u59CB\u5316\uFF0C\u8BF7\u5148\u6267\u884C clawt init \u8BBE\u7F6E\u4E3B\u5DE5\u4F5C\u5206\u652F"
+  },
   /** 项目未初始化（requireProjectConfig 使用） */
-  PROJECT_NOT_INITIALIZED: "\u9879\u76EE\u5C1A\u672A\u521D\u59CB\u5316\uFF0C\u8BF7\u5148\u6267\u884C clawt init \u8BBE\u7F6E\u4E3B\u5DE5\u4F5C\u5206\u652F",
+  PROJECT_NOT_INITIALIZED: {
+    en: "Project not initialized. Please run clawt init to set the main work branch",
+    "zh-CN": "\u9879\u76EE\u5C1A\u672A\u521D\u59CB\u5316\uFF0C\u8BF7\u5148\u6267\u884C clawt init \u8BBE\u7F6E\u4E3B\u5DE5\u4F5C\u5206\u652F"
+  },
   /** 项目配置缺少 clawtMainWorkBranch 字段 */
-  PROJECT_CONFIG_MISSING_BRANCH: "\u9879\u76EE\u914D\u7F6E\u7F3A\u5C11\u4E3B\u5DE5\u4F5C\u5206\u652F\u4FE1\u606F\uFF0C\u8BF7\u91CD\u65B0\u6267\u884C clawt init \u8BBE\u7F6E\u4E3B\u5DE5\u4F5C\u5206\u652F",
+  PROJECT_CONFIG_MISSING_BRANCH: {
+    en: "Project config missing main work branch info. Please run clawt init to set the main work branch",
+    "zh-CN": "\u9879\u76EE\u914D\u7F6E\u7F3A\u5C11\u4E3B\u5DE5\u4F5C\u5206\u652F\u4FE1\u606F\uFF0C\u8BF7\u91CD\u65B0\u6267\u884C clawt init \u8BBE\u7F6E\u4E3B\u5DE5\u4F5C\u5206\u652F"
+  },
   /** init show 交互式面板选择配置项提示 */
-  INIT_SELECT_PROMPT: "\u9009\u62E9\u8981\u4FEE\u6539\u7684\u9879\u76EE\u914D\u7F6E\u9879",
+  INIT_SELECT_PROMPT: {
+    en: "Select project config item to modify",
+    "zh-CN": "\u9009\u62E9\u8981\u4FEE\u6539\u7684\u9879\u76EE\u914D\u7F6E\u9879"
+  },
   /** init show 交互式面板配置项修改成功 */
-  INIT_SET_SUCCESS: (key, value) => `\u2713 \u9879\u76EE\u914D\u7F6E ${key} \u5DF2\u8BBE\u7F6E\u4E3A ${value}`
+  INIT_SET_SUCCESS: {
+    en: (key, value) => `\u2713 Project config ${key} set to ${value}`,
+    "zh-CN": (key, value) => `\u2713 \u9879\u76EE\u914D\u7F6E ${key} \u5DF2\u8BBE\u7F6E\u4E3A ${value}`
+  }
 };
+var INIT_MESSAGES = createMessages(INIT_MESSAGES_I18N);
 
 // src/constants/messages/cover-validate.ts
-var COVER_VALIDATE_MESSAGES = {
+var COVER_VALIDATE_MESSAGES_I18N = {
   /** 当前不在验证分支上 */
-  COVER_VALIDATE_NOT_ON_VALIDATE_BRANCH: "\u5F53\u524D\u5206\u652F\u4E0D\u662F\u9A8C\u8BC1\u5206\u652F\uFF08\u9700\u4EE5 clawt-validate- \u5F00\u5934\uFF09\n  \u8BF7\u5148\u901A\u8FC7 clawt validate \u5207\u6362\u5230\u9A8C\u8BC1\u5206\u652F",
+  COVER_VALIDATE_NOT_ON_VALIDATE_BRANCH: {
+    en: "Current branch is not a validate branch (must start with clawt-validate-)\n  Please run clawt validate first to switch to a validate branch",
+    "zh-CN": "\u5F53\u524D\u5206\u652F\u4E0D\u662F\u9A8C\u8BC1\u5206\u652F\uFF08\u9700\u4EE5 clawt-validate- \u5F00\u5934\uFF09\n  \u8BF7\u5148\u901A\u8FC7 clawt validate \u5207\u6362\u5230\u9A8C\u8BC1\u5206\u652F"
+  },
   /** 无增量修改 */
-  COVER_VALIDATE_NO_CHANGES: "\u9A8C\u8BC1\u5206\u652F\u4E0A\u6CA1\u6709\u76F8\u5BF9\u4E8E\u5FEB\u7167\u7684\u589E\u91CF\u4FEE\u6539\uFF0C\u65E0\u9700\u8986\u76D6",
+  COVER_VALIDATE_NO_CHANGES: {
+    en: "No incremental changes on validate branch relative to snapshot, nothing to cover",
+    "zh-CN": "\u9A8C\u8BC1\u5206\u652F\u4E0A\u6CA1\u6709\u76F8\u5BF9\u4E8E\u5FEB\u7167\u7684\u589E\u91CF\u4FEE\u6539\uFF0C\u65E0\u9700\u8986\u76D6"
+  },
   /** 目标 worktree 不存在 */
-  COVER_VALIDATE_TARGET_NOT_FOUND: (branch) => `\u672A\u627E\u5230\u5206\u652F ${branch} \u5BF9\u5E94\u7684 worktree\uFF0C\u8BF7\u786E\u8BA4\u8BE5 worktree \u5C1A\u672A\u88AB\u79FB\u9664`,
+  COVER_VALIDATE_TARGET_NOT_FOUND: {
+    en: (branch) => `Worktree for branch ${branch} not found. Please confirm the worktree has not been removed`,
+    "zh-CN": (branch) => `\u672A\u627E\u5230\u5206\u652F ${branch} \u5BF9\u5E94\u7684 worktree\uFF0C\u8BF7\u786E\u8BA4\u8BE5 worktree \u5C1A\u672A\u88AB\u79FB\u9664`
+  },
   /** 无快照，提示先执行 validate */
-  COVER_VALIDATE_NO_SNAPSHOT: (branch) => `\u672A\u627E\u5230\u5206\u652F ${branch} \u7684 validate \u5FEB\u7167
-  \u8BF7\u5148\u6267\u884C clawt validate -b ${branch} \u521B\u5EFA\u5FEB\u7167`,
+  COVER_VALIDATE_NO_SNAPSHOT: {
+    en: (branch) => `No validate snapshot found for branch ${branch}
+  Please run clawt validate -b ${branch} to create a snapshot`,
+    "zh-CN": (branch) => `\u672A\u627E\u5230\u5206\u652F ${branch} \u7684 validate \u5FEB\u7167
+  \u8BF7\u5148\u6267\u884C clawt validate -b ${branch} \u521B\u5EFA\u5FEB\u7167`
+  },
   /** 覆盖失败（tree checkout/clean 失败） */
-  COVER_VALIDATE_COVER_FAILED: (branch) => `\u8986\u76D6\u53D8\u66F4\u5230 worktree ${branch} \u5931\u8D25\uFF1Atree checkout \u6216\u6E05\u7406\u64CD\u4F5C\u51FA\u9519
-  \u8BF7\u68C0\u67E5\u76EE\u6807 worktree \u72B6\u6001\u540E\u91CD\u8BD5`,
+  COVER_VALIDATE_COVER_FAILED: {
+    en: (branch) => `Failed to cover changes to worktree ${branch}: tree checkout or cleanup error
+  Please check the target worktree status and retry`,
+    "zh-CN": (branch) => `\u8986\u76D6\u53D8\u66F4\u5230 worktree ${branch} \u5931\u8D25\uFF1Atree checkout \u6216\u6E05\u7406\u64CD\u4F5C\u51FA\u9519
+  \u8BF7\u68C0\u67E5\u76EE\u6807 worktree \u72B6\u6001\u540E\u91CD\u8BD5`
+  },
   /** 工作区和暂存区无修改，可能为误操作 */
-  COVER_VALIDATE_WORKING_DIR_CLEAN: "\u5F53\u524D\u9A8C\u8BC1\u5206\u652F\u7684\u5DE5\u4F5C\u533A\u548C\u6682\u5B58\u533A\u6CA1\u6709\u4EFB\u4F55\u4FEE\u6539\uFF0C\u53EF\u80FD\u4E3A\u8BEF\u64CD\u4F5C",
+  COVER_VALIDATE_WORKING_DIR_CLEAN: {
+    en: "Working tree and staging area on current validate branch have no changes, possibly a mistaken operation",
+    "zh-CN": "\u5F53\u524D\u9A8C\u8BC1\u5206\u652F\u7684\u5DE5\u4F5C\u533A\u548C\u6682\u5B58\u533A\u6CA1\u6709\u4EFB\u4F55\u4FEE\u6539\uFF0C\u53EF\u80FD\u4E3A\u8BEF\u64CD\u4F5C"
+  },
   /** 覆盖成功 */
-  COVER_VALIDATE_SUCCESS: (branch) => `\u2713 \u5DF2\u5C06\u9A8C\u8BC1\u5206\u652F\u4E0A\u7684\u4FEE\u6539\u8986\u76D6\u5230 worktree => ${branch}`
+  COVER_VALIDATE_SUCCESS: {
+    en: (branch) => `\u2713 Changes on validate branch covered to worktree => ${branch}`,
+    "zh-CN": (branch) => `\u2713 \u5DF2\u5C06\u9A8C\u8BC1\u5206\u652F\u4E0A\u7684\u4FEE\u6539\u8986\u76D6\u5230 worktree => ${branch}`
+  }
 };
+var COVER_VALIDATE_MESSAGES = createMessages(COVER_VALIDATE_MESSAGES_I18N);
 
 // src/constants/messages/home.ts
-var HOME_MESSAGES = {
+var HOME_MESSAGES_I18N = {
   /** 已在主工作分支上 */
-  HOME_ALREADY_ON_MAIN: (branch) => `\u5DF2\u5728\u4E3B\u5DE5\u4F5C\u5206\u652F ${branch} \u4E0A\uFF0C\u65E0\u9700\u5207\u6362`,
+  HOME_ALREADY_ON_MAIN: {
+    en: (branch) => `Already on main work branch ${branch}, no switch needed`,
+    "zh-CN": (branch) => `\u5DF2\u5728\u4E3B\u5DE5\u4F5C\u5206\u652F ${branch} \u4E0A\uFF0C\u65E0\u9700\u5207\u6362`
+  },
   /** 切换成功 */
-  HOME_SWITCH_SUCCESS: (from, to) => `\u2713 \u5DF2\u4ECE ${from} \u5207\u6362\u5230\u4E3B\u5DE5\u4F5C\u5206\u652F ${to}`,
+  HOME_SWITCH_SUCCESS: {
+    en: (from, to) => `\u2713 Switched from ${from} to main work branch ${to}`,
+    "zh-CN": (from, to) => `\u2713 \u5DF2\u4ECE ${from} \u5207\u6362\u5230\u4E3B\u5DE5\u4F5C\u5206\u652F ${to}`
+  },
   /** 当前在子 worktree，提示用户手动 cd 到主 worktree */
-  HOME_NOT_IN_MAIN_WORKTREE: (mainPath) => `\u5F53\u524D\u4E0D\u5728\u4E3B worktree\uFF0C\u8BF7\u5148\u5207\u6362\u5230\u4E3B worktree\uFF1A
+  HOME_NOT_IN_MAIN_WORKTREE: {
+    en: (mainPath) => `Not in main worktree. Please switch to main worktree:
+
+  cd ${mainPath}`,
+    "zh-CN": (mainPath) => `\u5F53\u524D\u4E0D\u5728\u4E3B worktree\uFF0C\u8BF7\u5148\u5207\u6362\u5230\u4E3B worktree\uFF1A
 
   cd ${mainPath}`
+  }
 };
+var HOME_MESSAGES = createMessages(HOME_MESSAGES_I18N);
 
 // src/constants/messages/tasks.ts
-var TASKS_CMD_MESSAGES = {
+var TASKS_CMD_MESSAGES_I18N = {
   /** 任务模板文件已存在 */
-  TASK_INIT_FILE_EXISTS: (path2) => `\u6587\u4EF6\u5DF2\u5B58\u5728: ${path2}\uFF0C\u5982\u9700\u8986\u76D6\u8BF7\u5148\u5220\u9664`,
+  TASK_INIT_FILE_EXISTS: {
+    en: (path2) => `File already exists: ${path2}, delete it first to overwrite`,
+    "zh-CN": (path2) => `\u6587\u4EF6\u5DF2\u5B58\u5728: ${path2}\uFF0C\u5982\u9700\u8986\u76D6\u8BF7\u5148\u5220\u9664`
+  },
   /** 任务模板生成成功 */
-  TASK_INIT_SUCCESS: (path2) => `\u2713 \u4EFB\u52A1\u6A21\u677F\u5DF2\u751F\u6210: ${path2}`,
+  TASK_INIT_SUCCESS: {
+    en: (path2) => `\u2713 Task template generated: ${path2}`,
+    "zh-CN": (path2) => `\u2713 \u4EFB\u52A1\u6A21\u677F\u5DF2\u751F\u6210: ${path2}`
+  },
   /** 任务模板使用提示（分行列出 run 和 resume 两种用法） */
-  TASK_INIT_HINT: (path2) => `\u6267\u884C\u4EFB\u52A1:
+  TASK_INIT_HINT: {
+    en: (path2) => `Run task:
+  clawt run -f ${path2}     # Create worktree and execute (branch name must not exist)
+  clawt resume -f ${path2}  # Resume in existing worktree (branch name must exist)`,
+    "zh-CN": (path2) => `\u6267\u884C\u4EFB\u52A1:
   clawt run -f ${path2}     # \u521B\u5EFA worktree \u5E76\u6267\u884C\uFF08\u5206\u652F\u540D\u9700\u4E0D\u5B58\u5728\uFF09
   clawt resume -f ${path2}  # \u5728\u5DF2\u6709 worktree \u4E2D\u8FFD\u95EE\uFF08\u5206\u652F\u540D\u9700\u5DF2\u5B58\u5728\uFF09`
+  }
 };
+var TASKS_CMD_MESSAGES = createMessages(TASKS_CMD_MESSAGES_I18N);
 
 // src/constants/messages/post-create.ts
-var POST_CREATE_MESSAGES = {
+var POST_CREATE_MESSAGES_I18N = {
   /** hook 执行跳过（--no-post-create） */
-  HOOK_SKIPPED: "\u5DF2\u8DF3\u8FC7 postCreate hook\uFF08--no-post-create\uFF09",
+  HOOK_SKIPPED: {
+    en: "Skipped postCreate hook (--no-post-create)",
+    "zh-CN": "\u5DF2\u8DF3\u8FC7 postCreate hook\uFF08--no-post-create\uFF09"
+  },
   /** 无 hook 配置 */
-  HOOK_NOT_CONFIGURED: "\u672A\u914D\u7F6E postCreate hook\uFF0C\u8DF3\u8FC7",
+  HOOK_NOT_CONFIGURED: {
+    en: "postCreate hook not configured, skipping",
+    "zh-CN": "\u672A\u914D\u7F6E postCreate hook\uFF0C\u8DF3\u8FC7"
+  },
   /** hook 来源提示 */
-  HOOK_SOURCE_INFO: (source) => `postCreate hook \u6765\u6E90: ${source}`,
+  HOOK_SOURCE_INFO: {
+    en: (source) => `postCreate hook source: ${source}`,
+    "zh-CN": (source) => `postCreate hook \u6765\u6E90: ${source}`
+  },
   /** hook 开始执行 */
-  HOOK_EXECUTING: (branch, command) => `[${branch}] \u6B63\u5728\u6267\u884C postCreate hook: ${command}`,
+  HOOK_EXECUTING: {
+    en: (branch, command) => `[${branch}] Executing postCreate hook: ${command}`,
+    "zh-CN": (branch, command) => `[${branch}] \u6B63\u5728\u6267\u884C postCreate hook: ${command}`
+  },
   /** hook 执行成功 */
-  HOOK_SUCCESS: (branch) => `[${branch}] postCreate hook \u6267\u884C\u6210\u529F`,
+  HOOK_SUCCESS: {
+    en: (branch) => `[${branch}] postCreate hook executed successfully`,
+    "zh-CN": (branch) => `[${branch}] postCreate hook \u6267\u884C\u6210\u529F`
+  },
   /** hook 执行失败 */
-  HOOK_FAILED: (branch, error) => `[${branch}] postCreate hook \u6267\u884C\u5931\u8D25: ${error}`,
+  HOOK_FAILED: {
+    en: (branch, error) => `[${branch}] postCreate hook execution failed: ${error}`,
+    "zh-CN": (branch, error) => `[${branch}] postCreate hook \u6267\u884C\u5931\u8D25: ${error}`
+  },
   /** hook 执行汇总 */
-  HOOK_SUMMARY: (succeeded, failed) => `postCreate hook \u6267\u884C\u5B8C\u6210: ${succeeded} \u6210\u529F, ${failed} \u5931\u8D25`,
+  HOOK_SUMMARY: {
+    en: (succeeded, failed) => `postCreate hook completed: ${succeeded} succeeded, ${failed} failed`,
+    "zh-CN": (succeeded, failed) => `postCreate hook \u6267\u884C\u5B8C\u6210: ${succeeded} \u6210\u529F, ${failed} \u5931\u8D25`
+  },
   /** hook 后台执行中提示 */
-  HOOK_BACKGROUND_START: (count, command) => `postCreate hook \u6B63\u5728\u540E\u53F0\u6267\u884C (${count} \u4E2A worktree): ${command}`,
+  HOOK_BACKGROUND_START: {
+    en: (count, command) => `postCreate hook running in background (${count} worktree(s)): ${command}`,
+    "zh-CN": (count, command) => `postCreate hook \u6B63\u5728\u540E\u53F0\u6267\u884C (${count} \u4E2A worktree): ${command}`
+  },
   /** postCreate.sh 自动添加执行权限 */
-  POST_CREATE_SCRIPT_AUTO_CHMOD: (path2) => `${path2} \u4E0D\u53EF\u6267\u884C\uFF0C\u5DF2\u81EA\u52A8\u6DFB\u52A0\u6267\u884C\u6743\u9650`,
+  POST_CREATE_SCRIPT_AUTO_CHMOD: {
+    en: (path2) => `${path2} is not executable, auto-added execute permission`,
+    "zh-CN": (path2) => `${path2} \u4E0D\u53EF\u6267\u884C\uFF0C\u5DF2\u81EA\u52A8\u6DFB\u52A0\u6267\u884C\u6743\u9650`
+  },
   /** postCreate.sh 不可执行（自动 chmod 失败时降级提示） */
-  POST_CREATE_SCRIPT_NOT_EXECUTABLE: (path2) => `\u68C0\u6D4B\u5230 ${path2} \u4F46\u4E0D\u53EF\u6267\u884C\uFF0C\u81EA\u52A8\u6DFB\u52A0\u6743\u9650\u5931\u8D25\uFF0C\u8BF7\u624B\u52A8\u6267\u884C chmod +x ${path2}`
+  POST_CREATE_SCRIPT_NOT_EXECUTABLE: {
+    en: (path2) => `Detected ${path2} but not executable, auto-chmod failed. Please run chmod +x ${path2} manually`,
+    "zh-CN": (path2) => `\u68C0\u6D4B\u5230 ${path2} \u4F46\u4E0D\u53EF\u6267\u884C\uFF0C\u81EA\u52A8\u6DFB\u52A0\u6743\u9650\u5931\u8D25\uFF0C\u8BF7\u624B\u52A8\u6267\u884C chmod +x ${path2}`
+  }
 };
+var POST_CREATE_MESSAGES = createMessages(POST_CREATE_MESSAGES_I18N);
 
 // src/constants/messages/interactive-panel.ts
-import chalk from "chalk";
+import chalk2 from "chalk";
 
 // src/constants/interactive-panel.ts
 var PANEL_REFRESH_INTERVAL_MS = 5e3;
@@ -641,7 +1824,17 @@ var PANEL_SEPARATOR_MAX_WIDTH = 60;
 var PANEL_DATE_COLOR = "#FF8C00";
 
 // src/constants/messages/interactive-panel.ts
-var SHORTCUT_LABELS = {
+var SHORTCUT_LABELS_EN = {
+  VALIDATE: "Validate",
+  MERGE: "Merge",
+  DELETE: "Delete",
+  RESUME: "Resume",
+  SYNC: "Sync",
+  COVER: "Cover",
+  REFRESH: "Refresh",
+  QUIT: "Quit"
+};
+var SHORTCUT_LABELS_ZH = {
   VALIDATE: "\u9A8C\u8BC1",
   MERGE: "\u5408\u5E76",
   DELETE: "\u5220\u9664",
@@ -651,22 +1844,226 @@ var SHORTCUT_LABELS = {
   REFRESH: "\u5237\u65B0",
   QUIT: "\u9000\u51FA"
 };
-var PANEL_FOOTER_SHORTCUTS = Object.entries(SHORTCUT_LABELS).map(([key, label]) => `[${chalk.cyan(PANEL_SHORTCUT_KEYS[key])}]${label}`).join("  ");
-var PANEL_FOOTER_COUNTDOWN = (seconds) => chalk.gray(`(${seconds}s \u540E\u5237\u65B0)`);
-var PANEL_OVERFLOW_DOWN_HINT = chalk.gray("\u2193 \u66F4\u591A worktree...");
-var PANEL_OVERFLOW_UP_HINT = chalk.gray("\u2191 \u66F4\u591A worktree...");
-var PANEL_NO_WORKTREES = "(\u65E0\u6D3B\u8DC3 worktree)";
-var PANEL_PRESS_ENTER_TO_RETURN = chalk.gray("\n\u6309 Enter \u8FD4\u56DE\u9762\u677F...");
-var PANEL_NOT_TTY = "\u4EA4\u4E92\u5F0F\u9762\u677F\u9700\u8981 TTY \u7EC8\u7AEF\u73AF\u5883\uFF0C\u8BF7\u76F4\u63A5\u5728\u7EC8\u7AEF\u4E2D\u8FD0\u884C clawt status -i";
-var PANEL_TITLE = (projectName) => chalk.bold.cyan(`\u9879\u76EE\u72B6\u6001\u603B\u89C8: ${projectName}`);
-var PANEL_CONFIGURED_BRANCH = (branchName) => chalk.gray(`\u4E3B\u5DE5\u4F5C\u5206\u652F: ${branchName}`);
-var PANEL_CONFIGURED_BRANCH_DELETED = (branchName) => chalk.red(`\u2717 \u4E3B\u5DE5\u4F5C\u5206\u652F: ${branchName}\uFF08\u5DF2\u4E0D\u5B58\u5728\uFF09`);
-var PANEL_CONFIGURED_BRANCH_MISMATCH = (branchName) => chalk.red(`\u26A0 \u4E3B\u5DE5\u4F5C\u5206\u652F: ${branchName}\uFF08\u4E0D\u4E00\u81F4\uFF09`);
-var PANEL_NOT_INITIALIZED = chalk.gray("\u672A\u521D\u59CB\u5316\uFF08\u6267\u884C clawt init \u8BBE\u7F6E\u4E3B\u5DE5\u4F5C\u5206\u652F\uFF09");
-var PANEL_UNKNOWN_DATE = "\u672A\u77E5\u65E5\u671F";
-var PANEL_SYNCED_WITH_MAIN = "\u4E0E\u4E3B\u5206\u652F\u540C\u6B65";
-var PANEL_COMMITS_AHEAD = (count) => `${count} \u4E2A\u672C\u5730\u63D0\u4EA4`;
-var PANEL_COMMITS_BEHIND = (count) => `\u843D\u540E\u4E3B\u5206\u652F ${count} \u4E2A\u63D0\u4EA4`;
+var PANEL_FOOTER_SHORTCUTS_I18N = {
+  PANEL_FOOTER_SHORTCUTS: {
+    en: Object.entries(SHORTCUT_LABELS_EN).map(([key, label]) => `[${chalk2.cyan(PANEL_SHORTCUT_KEYS[key])}]${label}`).join("  "),
+    "zh-CN": Object.entries(SHORTCUT_LABELS_ZH).map(([key, label]) => `[${chalk2.cyan(PANEL_SHORTCUT_KEYS[key])}]${label}`).join("  ")
+  }
+};
+var PANEL_FOOTER_SHORTCUTS = createMessages(PANEL_FOOTER_SHORTCUTS_I18N).PANEL_FOOTER_SHORTCUTS;
+var PANEL_FOOTER_COUNTDOWN_I18N = {
+  PANEL_FOOTER_COUNTDOWN: {
+    en: (seconds) => chalk2.gray(`(refresh in ${seconds}s)`),
+    "zh-CN": (seconds) => chalk2.gray(`(${seconds}s \u540E\u5237\u65B0)`)
+  }
+};
+var PANEL_FOOTER_COUNTDOWN = createMessages(PANEL_FOOTER_COUNTDOWN_I18N).PANEL_FOOTER_COUNTDOWN;
+var PANEL_OVERFLOW_DOWN_HINT_I18N = {
+  PANEL_OVERFLOW_DOWN_HINT: {
+    en: chalk2.gray("\u2193 more worktrees..."),
+    "zh-CN": chalk2.gray("\u2193 \u66F4\u591A worktree...")
+  }
+};
+var PANEL_OVERFLOW_DOWN_HINT = createMessages(PANEL_OVERFLOW_DOWN_HINT_I18N).PANEL_OVERFLOW_DOWN_HINT;
+var PANEL_OVERFLOW_UP_HINT_I18N = {
+  PANEL_OVERFLOW_UP_HINT: {
+    en: chalk2.gray("\u2191 more worktrees..."),
+    "zh-CN": chalk2.gray("\u2191 \u66F4\u591A worktree...")
+  }
+};
+var PANEL_OVERFLOW_UP_HINT = createMessages(PANEL_OVERFLOW_UP_HINT_I18N).PANEL_OVERFLOW_UP_HINT;
+var PANEL_SNAPSHOT_SUMMARY_I18N = {
+  PANEL_SNAPSHOT_SUMMARY: {
+    en: (total, orphaned) => {
+      const base = `Snapshots: ${total}`;
+      if (orphaned > 0) {
+        return `${base} (${chalk2.yellow(`${orphaned} orphaned`)})`;
+      }
+      return base;
+    },
+    "zh-CN": (total, orphaned) => {
+      const base = `\u5FEB\u7167: ${total} \u4E2A`;
+      if (orphaned > 0) {
+        return `${base}\uFF08${chalk2.yellow(`${orphaned} \u4E2A\u5B64\u7ACB`)}\uFF09`;
+      }
+      return base;
+    }
+  }
+};
+var PANEL_SNAPSHOT_SUMMARY = createMessages(PANEL_SNAPSHOT_SUMMARY_I18N).PANEL_SNAPSHOT_SUMMARY;
+var PANEL_NO_WORKTREES_I18N = {
+  PANEL_NO_WORKTREES: {
+    en: "(No active worktrees)",
+    "zh-CN": "(\u65E0\u6D3B\u8DC3 worktree)"
+  }
+};
+var PANEL_NO_WORKTREES = createMessages(PANEL_NO_WORKTREES_I18N).PANEL_NO_WORKTREES;
+var PANEL_PRESS_ENTER_TO_RETURN_I18N = {
+  PANEL_PRESS_ENTER_TO_RETURN: {
+    en: chalk2.gray("\nPress Enter to return to panel..."),
+    "zh-CN": chalk2.gray("\n\u6309 Enter \u8FD4\u56DE\u9762\u677F...")
+  }
+};
+var PANEL_PRESS_ENTER_TO_RETURN = createMessages(PANEL_PRESS_ENTER_TO_RETURN_I18N).PANEL_PRESS_ENTER_TO_RETURN;
+var PANEL_NOT_TTY_I18N = {
+  PANEL_NOT_TTY: {
+    en: "Interactive panel requires a TTY terminal. Please run clawt status -i directly in a terminal",
+    "zh-CN": "\u4EA4\u4E92\u5F0F\u9762\u677F\u9700\u8981 TTY \u7EC8\u7AEF\u73AF\u5883\uFF0C\u8BF7\u76F4\u63A5\u5728\u7EC8\u7AEF\u4E2D\u8FD0\u884C clawt status -i"
+  }
+};
+var PANEL_NOT_TTY = createMessages(PANEL_NOT_TTY_I18N).PANEL_NOT_TTY;
+var PANEL_TITLE_I18N = {
+  PANEL_TITLE: {
+    en: (projectName) => chalk2.bold.cyan(`Project Status: ${projectName}`),
+    "zh-CN": (projectName) => chalk2.bold.cyan(`\u9879\u76EE\u72B6\u6001\u603B\u89C8: ${projectName}`)
+  }
+};
+var PANEL_TITLE = createMessages(PANEL_TITLE_I18N).PANEL_TITLE;
+var PANEL_CONFIGURED_BRANCH_I18N = {
+  PANEL_CONFIGURED_BRANCH: {
+    en: (branchName) => chalk2.gray(`Main work branch: ${branchName}`),
+    "zh-CN": (branchName) => chalk2.gray(`\u4E3B\u5DE5\u4F5C\u5206\u652F: ${branchName}`)
+  }
+};
+var PANEL_CONFIGURED_BRANCH = createMessages(PANEL_CONFIGURED_BRANCH_I18N).PANEL_CONFIGURED_BRANCH;
+var PANEL_CONFIGURED_BRANCH_DELETED_I18N = {
+  PANEL_CONFIGURED_BRANCH_DELETED: {
+    en: (branchName) => chalk2.red(`\u2717 Main work branch: ${branchName} (deleted)`),
+    "zh-CN": (branchName) => chalk2.red(`\u2717 \u4E3B\u5DE5\u4F5C\u5206\u652F: ${branchName}\uFF08\u5DF2\u4E0D\u5B58\u5728\uFF09`)
+  }
+};
+var PANEL_CONFIGURED_BRANCH_DELETED = createMessages(PANEL_CONFIGURED_BRANCH_DELETED_I18N).PANEL_CONFIGURED_BRANCH_DELETED;
+var PANEL_CONFIGURED_BRANCH_MISMATCH_I18N = {
+  PANEL_CONFIGURED_BRANCH_MISMATCH: {
+    en: (branchName) => chalk2.red(`\u26A0 Main work branch: ${branchName} (mismatch)`),
+    "zh-CN": (branchName) => chalk2.red(`\u26A0 \u4E3B\u5DE5\u4F5C\u5206\u652F: ${branchName}\uFF08\u4E0D\u4E00\u81F4\uFF09`)
+  }
+};
+var PANEL_CONFIGURED_BRANCH_MISMATCH = createMessages(PANEL_CONFIGURED_BRANCH_MISMATCH_I18N).PANEL_CONFIGURED_BRANCH_MISMATCH;
+var PANEL_NOT_INITIALIZED_I18N = {
+  PANEL_NOT_INITIALIZED: {
+    en: chalk2.gray("Not initialized (run clawt init to set main work branch)"),
+    "zh-CN": chalk2.gray("\u672A\u521D\u59CB\u5316\uFF08\u6267\u884C clawt init \u8BBE\u7F6E\u4E3B\u5DE5\u4F5C\u5206\u652F\uFF09")
+  }
+};
+var PANEL_NOT_INITIALIZED = createMessages(PANEL_NOT_INITIALIZED_I18N).PANEL_NOT_INITIALIZED;
+var PANEL_UNKNOWN_DATE_I18N = {
+  PANEL_UNKNOWN_DATE: {
+    en: "Unknown date",
+    "zh-CN": "\u672A\u77E5\u65E5\u671F"
+  }
+};
+var PANEL_UNKNOWN_DATE = createMessages(PANEL_UNKNOWN_DATE_I18N).PANEL_UNKNOWN_DATE;
+var PANEL_SYNCED_WITH_MAIN_I18N = {
+  PANEL_SYNCED_WITH_MAIN: {
+    en: "Synced with main branch",
+    "zh-CN": "\u4E0E\u4E3B\u5206\u652F\u540C\u6B65"
+  }
+};
+var PANEL_SYNCED_WITH_MAIN = createMessages(PANEL_SYNCED_WITH_MAIN_I18N).PANEL_SYNCED_WITH_MAIN;
+var PANEL_COMMITS_AHEAD_I18N = {
+  PANEL_COMMITS_AHEAD: {
+    en: (count) => `${count} local commit(s)`,
+    "zh-CN": (count) => `${count} \u4E2A\u672C\u5730\u63D0\u4EA4`
+  }
+};
+var PANEL_COMMITS_AHEAD = createMessages(PANEL_COMMITS_AHEAD_I18N).PANEL_COMMITS_AHEAD;
+var PANEL_COMMITS_BEHIND_I18N = {
+  PANEL_COMMITS_BEHIND: {
+    en: (count) => `${count} commit(s) behind main`,
+    "zh-CN": (count) => `\u843D\u540E\u4E3B\u5206\u652F ${count} \u4E2A\u63D0\u4EA4`
+  }
+};
+var PANEL_COMMITS_BEHIND = createMessages(PANEL_COMMITS_BEHIND_I18N).PANEL_COMMITS_BEHIND;
+
+// src/constants/messages/cli-descriptions.ts
+var CLI_DESCRIPTIONS_I18N = {
+  // 主程序
+  PROGRAM_DESC: {
+    en: "Run multiple Claude Code Agent tasks in parallel based on Git Worktree",
+    "zh-CN": "\u672C\u5730\u5E76\u884C\u6267\u884C\u591A\u4E2AClaude Code Agent\u4EFB\u52A1\uFF0C\u878D\u5408 Git Worktree \u4E0E Claude Code CLI \u7684\u547D\u4EE4\u884C\u5DE5\u5177"
+  },
+  OPTION_DEBUG: {
+    en: "Output debug information to terminal",
+    "zh-CN": "\u8F93\u51FA\u8BE6\u7EC6\u8C03\u8BD5\u4FE1\u606F\u5230\u7EC8\u7AEF"
+  },
+  OPTION_YES: {
+    en: "Skip all interactive confirmations, suitable for scripts/CI",
+    "zh-CN": "\u8DF3\u8FC7\u6240\u6709\u4EA4\u4E92\u5F0F\u786E\u8BA4\uFF0C\u9002\u7528\u4E8E\u811A\u672C/CI \u73AF\u5883"
+  },
+  // config 命令
+  CONFIG_DESC: { en: "Interactively view and modify global configuration", "zh-CN": "\u4EA4\u4E92\u5F0F\u67E5\u770B\u548C\u4FEE\u6539\u5168\u5C40\u914D\u7F6E" },
+  CONFIG_RESET_DESC: { en: "Reset configuration to defaults", "zh-CN": "\u5C06\u914D\u7F6E\u6062\u590D\u4E3A\u9ED8\u8BA4\u503C" },
+  CONFIG_SET_DESC: { en: "Set a configuration item (interactive without args)", "zh-CN": "\u4FEE\u6539\u914D\u7F6E\u9879\uFF08\u65E0\u53C2\u6570\u8FDB\u5165\u4EA4\u4E92\u5F0F\u914D\u7F6E\uFF09" },
+  CONFIG_GET_DESC: { en: "Get a configuration item value", "zh-CN": "\u83B7\u53D6\u5355\u4E2A\u914D\u7F6E\u9879\u7684\u503C" },
+  // init 命令
+  INIT_DESC: { en: "Initialize project-level configuration, set main work branch", "zh-CN": "\u521D\u59CB\u5316\u9879\u76EE\u7EA7\u914D\u7F6E\uFF0C\u8BBE\u7F6E\u4E3B\u5DE5\u4F5C\u5206\u652F" },
+  INIT_OPTION_BRANCH: { en: "Specify main work branch name (defaults to current branch)", "zh-CN": "\u6307\u5B9A\u4E3B\u5DE5\u4F5C\u5206\u652F\u540D\uFF08\u9ED8\u8BA4\u4F7F\u7528\u5F53\u524D\u5206\u652F\uFF09" },
+  INIT_SHOW_DESC: { en: "Interactively view and modify project configuration (supports --json)", "zh-CN": "\u4EA4\u4E92\u5F0F\u67E5\u770B\u548C\u4FEE\u6539\u9879\u76EE\u914D\u7F6E\uFF08\u652F\u6301 --json \u683C\u5F0F\u8F93\u51FA\uFF09" },
+  INIT_OPTION_JSON: { en: "Output in JSON format", "zh-CN": "\u4EE5 JSON \u683C\u5F0F\u8F93\u51FA" },
+  // create 命令
+  CREATE_DESC: { en: "Batch create worktrees and branches (with validate branches)", "zh-CN": "\u6279\u91CF\u521B\u5EFA worktree \u53CA\u5BF9\u5E94\u5206\u652F\uFF08\u542B\u9A8C\u8BC1\u5206\u652F\uFF09" },
+  CREATE_OPTION_NUMBER: { en: "Number of worktrees to create", "zh-CN": "\u521B\u5EFA\u6570\u91CF" },
+  CREATE_OPTION_POST_CREATE: { en: "Run postCreate hook (default on, --no-post-create to skip)", "zh-CN": "\u6267\u884C postCreate hook\uFF08\u9ED8\u8BA4\u5F00\u542F\uFF0C--no-post-create \u8DF3\u8FC7\uFF09" },
+  // run 命令
+  RUN_DESC: { en: "Batch create worktrees + run Claude Code tasks (supports task files)", "zh-CN": "\u6279\u91CF\u521B\u5EFA worktree + \u542F\u52A8 Claude Code \u6267\u884C\u4EFB\u52A1\uFF08\u652F\u6301\u4EFB\u52A1\u6587\u4EF6\uFF09" },
+  RUN_OPTION_BRANCH: { en: "Branch name", "zh-CN": "\u5206\u652F\u540D" },
+  RUN_OPTION_TASKS: { en: "Task list (can be specified multiple times)", "zh-CN": "\u4EFB\u52A1\u5217\u8868\uFF08\u53EF\u591A\u6B21\u6307\u5B9A\uFF09\uFF0C\u4E0D\u4F20\u5219\u5728 worktree \u4E2D\u6253\u5F00 Claude Code \u4EA4\u4E92\u5F0F\u754C\u9762" },
+  RUN_OPTION_CONCURRENCY: { en: "Max concurrency, 0 means unlimited", "zh-CN": "\u6700\u5927\u5E76\u53D1\u6570\uFF0C0 \u8868\u793A\u4E0D\u9650\u5236" },
+  RUN_OPTION_FILE: { en: "Read task list from file (mutually exclusive with --tasks)", "zh-CN": "\u4ECE\u4EFB\u52A1\u6587\u4EF6\u8BFB\u53D6\u4EFB\u52A1\u5217\u8868\uFF08\u4E0E --tasks \u4E92\u65A5\uFF09" },
+  RUN_OPTION_DRY_RUN: { en: "Preview mode, show task plan without executing", "zh-CN": "\u9884\u89C8\u6A21\u5F0F\uFF0C\u4EC5\u5C55\u793A\u4EFB\u52A1\u8BA1\u5212\u4E0D\u5B9E\u9645\u6267\u884C" },
+  RUN_OPTION_POST_CREATE: { en: "Run postCreate hook (default on, --no-post-create to skip)", "zh-CN": "\u6267\u884C postCreate hook\uFF08\u9ED8\u8BA4\u5F00\u542F\uFF0C--no-post-create \u8DF3\u8FC7\uFF09" },
+  // validate 命令
+  VALIDATE_DESC: { en: "Validate a worktree branch changes in the main worktree", "zh-CN": "\u5728\u4E3B worktree \u9A8C\u8BC1\u67D0\u4E2A worktree \u5206\u652F\u7684\u53D8\u66F4\uFF08\u901A\u8FC7\u9A8C\u8BC1\u5206\u652F\uFF09" },
+  VALIDATE_OPTION_BRANCH: { en: "Branch name to validate (supports fuzzy match)", "zh-CN": "\u8981\u9A8C\u8BC1\u7684\u5206\u652F\u540D\uFF08\u652F\u6301\u6A21\u7CCA\u5339\u914D\uFF0C\u4E0D\u4F20\u5219\u5217\u51FA\u6240\u6709\u5206\u652F\uFF09" },
+  VALIDATE_OPTION_CLEAN: { en: "Clean up validate state (reset main worktree and delete snapshots)", "zh-CN": "\u6E05\u7406 validate \u72B6\u6001\uFF08\u91CD\u7F6E\u4E3B worktree \u5E76\u5220\u9664\u5FEB\u7167\uFF09" },
+  VALIDATE_OPTION_RUN: { en: "Command to run in main worktree after successful validation", "zh-CN": "validate \u6210\u529F\u540E\u5728\u4E3B worktree \u4E2D\u6267\u884C\u7684\u547D\u4EE4" },
+  // merge 命令
+  MERGE_DESC: { en: "Merge a validated worktree branch into the main worktree", "zh-CN": "\u5408\u5E76\u67D0\u4E2A\u5DF2\u9A8C\u8BC1\u7684 worktree \u5206\u652F\u5230\u4E3B worktree" },
+  MERGE_OPTION_BRANCH: { en: "Branch to merge (supports fuzzy match)", "zh-CN": "\u8981\u5408\u5E76\u7684\u5206\u652F\u540D\uFF08\u652F\u6301\u6A21\u7CCA\u5339\u914D\uFF0C\u4E0D\u4F20\u5219\u5217\u51FA\u6240\u6709\u5206\u652F\u4F9B\u9009\u62E9\uFF09" },
+  MERGE_OPTION_MESSAGE: { en: "Commit message (required if target worktree has modifications)", "zh-CN": "\u63D0\u4EA4\u4FE1\u606F\uFF08\u76EE\u6807 worktree \u5DE5\u4F5C\u533A\u6709\u4FEE\u6539\u65F6\u5FC5\u586B\uFF09" },
+  MERGE_OPTION_AUTO: { en: "Auto-resolve conflicts with AI without asking", "zh-CN": "\u9047\u5230\u51B2\u7A81\u76F4\u63A5\u8C03\u7528 AI \u89E3\u51B3\uFF0C\u4E0D\u518D\u8BE2\u95EE" },
+  // remove 命令
+  REMOVE_DESC: { en: "Remove worktree (supports fuzzy match/multi-select/all)", "zh-CN": "\u79FB\u9664 worktree\uFF08\u652F\u6301\u6A21\u7CCA\u5339\u914D/\u591A\u9009/\u5168\u90E8\uFF09" },
+  REMOVE_OPTION_ALL: { en: "Remove all worktrees for the current project", "zh-CN": "\u79FB\u9664\u5F53\u524D\u9879\u76EE\u4E0B\u6240\u6709 worktree" },
+  REMOVE_OPTION_BRANCH: { en: "Branch name (supports fuzzy match)", "zh-CN": "\u6307\u5B9A\u5206\u652F\u540D\uFF08\u652F\u6301\u6A21\u7CCA\u5339\u914D\uFF0C\u4E0D\u4F20\u5219\u5217\u51FA\u6240\u6709\u5206\u652F\uFF09" },
+  // resume 命令
+  RESUME_DESC: { en: "Resume a Claude Code session in an existing worktree", "zh-CN": "\u5728\u5DF2\u6709 worktree \u4E2D\u6062\u590D Claude Code \u4F1A\u8BDD\uFF08\u652F\u6301\u591A\u9009\u6279\u91CF\u6062\u590D\uFF09" },
+  RESUME_OPTION_BRANCH: { en: "Branch to resume (supports fuzzy match)", "zh-CN": "\u8981\u6062\u590D\u7684\u5206\u652F\u540D\uFF08\u652F\u6301\u6A21\u7CCA\u5339\u914D\uFF0C\u4E0D\u4F20\u5219\u5217\u51FA\u6240\u6709\u5206\u652F\uFF09" },
+  RESUME_OPTION_PROMPT: { en: "Non-interactive follow-up (requires -b)", "zh-CN": "\u975E\u4EA4\u4E92\u5F0F\u8FFD\u95EE\uFF08\u9700\u914D\u5408 -b \u6307\u5B9A\u5206\u652F\uFF09" },
+  RESUME_OPTION_FILE: { en: "Batch follow-up from task file (matches by branch name)", "zh-CN": "\u4ECE\u4EFB\u52A1\u6587\u4EF6\u6279\u91CF\u8FFD\u95EE\uFF08\u901A\u8FC7 branch \u540D\u5339\u914D\u5DF2\u6709 worktree\uFF09" },
+  RESUME_OPTION_CONCURRENCY: { en: "Max concurrency for batch follow-up, 0 means unlimited", "zh-CN": "\u6279\u91CF\u8FFD\u95EE\u6700\u5927\u5E76\u53D1\u6570\uFF0C0 \u8868\u793A\u4E0D\u9650\u5236" },
+  // sync 命令
+  SYNC_DESC: { en: "Sync main branch code to target worktree", "zh-CN": "\u5C06\u4E3B\u5206\u652F\u6700\u65B0\u4EE3\u7801\u540C\u6B65\u5230\u76EE\u6807 worktree" },
+  SYNC_OPTION_BRANCH: { en: "Branch to sync (supports fuzzy match)", "zh-CN": "\u8981\u540C\u6B65\u7684\u5206\u652F\u540D\uFF08\u652F\u6301\u6A21\u7CCA\u5339\u914D\uFF0C\u4E0D\u4F20\u5219\u5217\u51FA\u6240\u6709\u5206\u652F\uFF09" },
+  // status 命令
+  STATUS_DESC: { en: "Show project status overview (supports --json)", "zh-CN": "\u663E\u793A\u9879\u76EE\u5168\u5C40\u72B6\u6001\u603B\u89C8\uFF08\u652F\u6301 --json \u683C\u5F0F\u8F93\u51FA\uFF09" },
+  STATUS_OPTION_JSON: { en: "Output in JSON format", "zh-CN": "\u4EE5 JSON \u683C\u5F0F\u8F93\u51FA" },
+  STATUS_OPTION_INTERACTIVE: { en: "Interactive panel mode", "zh-CN": "\u4EA4\u4E92\u5F0F\u9762\u677F\u6A21\u5F0F" },
+  // list 命令
+  LIST_DESC: { en: "List all worktrees (supports --json)", "zh-CN": "\u5217\u51FA\u5F53\u524D\u9879\u76EE\u6240\u6709 worktree\uFF08\u652F\u6301 --json \u683C\u5F0F\u8F93\u51FA\uFF09" },
+  LIST_OPTION_JSON: { en: "Output in JSON format", "zh-CN": "\u4EE5 JSON \u683C\u5F0F\u8F93\u51FA" },
+  // reset 命令
+  RESET_DESC: { en: "Reset main worktree working directory and staging area", "zh-CN": "\u91CD\u7F6E\u4E3B worktree \u5DE5\u4F5C\u533A\u548C\u6682\u5B58\u533A\uFF08\u4FDD\u7559 validate \u5FEB\u7167\uFF09" },
+  // home 命令
+  HOME_DESC: { en: "Switch back to the main work branch", "zh-CN": "\u5207\u6362\u56DE\u4E3B\u5DE5\u4F5C\u5206\u652F" },
+  // projects 命令
+  PROJECTS_DESC: { en: "Show worktree overview across projects", "zh-CN": "\u5C55\u793A\u6240\u6709\u9879\u76EE\u7684 worktree \u6982\u89C8\uFF0C\u6216\u67E5\u770B\u6307\u5B9A\u9879\u76EE\u7684 worktree \u8BE6\u60C5" },
+  PROJECTS_OPTION_JSON: { en: "Output in JSON format", "zh-CN": "\u4EE5 JSON \u683C\u5F0F\u8F93\u51FA" },
+  // alias 命令
+  ALIAS_DESC: { en: "Manage command aliases (list / set / remove)", "zh-CN": "\u7BA1\u7406\u547D\u4EE4\u522B\u540D\uFF08\u5217\u51FA / \u8BBE\u7F6E / \u79FB\u9664\uFF09" },
+  ALIAS_LIST_DESC: { en: "List all aliases", "zh-CN": "\u5217\u51FA\u6240\u6709\u522B\u540D" },
+  ALIAS_SET_DESC: { en: "Set a command alias", "zh-CN": "\u8BBE\u7F6E\u547D\u4EE4\u522B\u540D" },
+  ALIAS_REMOVE_DESC: { en: "Remove a command alias", "zh-CN": "\u79FB\u9664\u547D\u4EE4\u522B\u540D" },
+  // completion 命令
+  COMPLETION_DESC: { en: "Internal dynamic completion method (not public)", "zh-CN": "\u5185\u90E8\u4F7F\u7528\u7684\u52A8\u6001\u8865\u5168\u65B9\u6CD5\uFF0C\u4E0D\u5BF9\u5916\u516C\u5F00" },
+  // tasks 命令
+  TASKS_DESC: { en: "Task file management", "zh-CN": "\u4EFB\u52A1\u6587\u4EF6\u7BA1\u7406" },
+  TASKS_INIT_DESC: { en: "Generate task template file", "zh-CN": "\u751F\u6210\u4EFB\u52A1\u6A21\u677F\u6587\u4EF6" },
+  // cover 命令
+  COVER_DESC: { en: "Cover validate branch changes back to target worktree", "zh-CN": "\u5C06\u9A8C\u8BC1\u5206\u652F\u4E0A\u7684\u4FEE\u6539\u8986\u76D6\u56DE\u76EE\u6807 worktree\uFF08\u81EA\u52A8\u63A8\u5BFC\u76EE\u6807\u5206\u652F\uFF09" }
+};
+var CLI_DESCRIPTIONS = createMessages(CLI_DESCRIPTIONS_I18N);
 
 // src/constants/messages/index.ts
 var MESSAGES = {
@@ -708,6 +2105,11 @@ var ITERM2_APP_PATH = "/Applications/iTerm.app";
 // src/constants/config.ts
 var CLAUDE_CODE_ENTRYPOINT_VALUE = "cli";
 var CONFIG_DEFINITIONS = {
+  language: {
+    defaultValue: "en",
+    description: "\u754C\u9762\u8BED\u8A00\uFF1Aen\uFF08\u82F1\u6587\uFF09\u3001zh-CN\uFF08\u4E2D\u6587\uFF09",
+    allowedValues: ["en", "zh-CN"]
+  },
   autoDeleteBranch: {
     defaultValue: false,
     description: "\u79FB\u9664 worktree \u65F6\u662F\u5426\u81EA\u52A8\u5220\u9664\u5BF9\u5E94\u672C\u5730\u5206\u652F"
@@ -769,6 +2171,23 @@ function deriveConfigDescriptions(definitions) {
 }
 var DEFAULT_CONFIG = deriveDefaultConfig(CONFIG_DEFINITIONS);
 var CONFIG_DESCRIPTIONS = deriveConfigDescriptions(CONFIG_DEFINITIONS);
+var CONFIG_DESCRIPTIONS_EN = {
+  language: "Interface language: en (English), zh-CN (Chinese)",
+  autoDeleteBranch: "Whether to auto-delete the local branch when removing a worktree",
+  claudeCodeCommand: "Claude Code CLI launch command",
+  autoPullPush: "Whether to auto-run git pull and git push after merge",
+  confirmDestructiveOps: "Whether to prompt for confirmation before destructive operations (reset, validate --clean)",
+  maxConcurrency: "Default max concurrency for run command, 0 means unlimited",
+  terminalApp: "Terminal app for batch resume: auto (auto-detect), iterm2, terminal, cmux (macOS)",
+  resumeInPlace: "Whether to resume in current terminal (single select), false opens in new tab via terminalApp",
+  aliases: "Command alias mapping",
+  autoUpdate: "Whether to enable auto-update checks (every 24 hours via npm registry)",
+  conflictResolveMode: "Merge conflict resolution mode: ask (prompt for AI), auto (auto AI resolve), manual (manual resolve)",
+  conflictResolveTimeoutMs: "Claude Code conflict resolution timeout (ms), default 900000 (15 min)"
+};
+function getI18nConfigDescriptions() {
+  return getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? CONFIG_DESCRIPTIONS_EN : CONFIG_DESCRIPTIONS;
+}
 
 // src/constants/project-config.ts
 var PROJECT_CONFIG_DEFINITIONS = {
@@ -803,6 +2222,15 @@ function deriveConfigDescriptions2(definitions) {
 }
 var PROJECT_DEFAULT_CONFIG = deriveDefaultConfig2(PROJECT_CONFIG_DEFINITIONS);
 var PROJECT_CONFIG_DESCRIPTIONS = deriveConfigDescriptions2(PROJECT_CONFIG_DEFINITIONS);
+var PROJECT_CONFIG_DESCRIPTIONS_EN = {
+  clawtMainWorkBranch: "Main worktree branch name",
+  validateRunCommand: "Command to auto-run after validate success (default for -r)",
+  postCreate: "Command to auto-run after worktree creation (e.g. install dependencies)",
+  claudeCodeCommand: "Claude Code CLI launch command (falls back to global config if unset)"
+};
+function getI18nProjectConfigDescriptions() {
+  return getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? PROJECT_CONFIG_DESCRIPTIONS_EN : PROJECT_CONFIG_DESCRIPTIONS;
+}
 
 // src/constants/git.ts
 var AUTO_SAVE_COMMIT_MESSAGE_PREFIX = "clawt: auto-save before merging";
@@ -836,16 +2264,10 @@ var TASK_STATUS_ICONS = {
   /** 失败 */
   FAILED: "\u2717"
 };
-var TASK_STATUS_LABELS = {
-  /** 排队中 */
-  PENDING: "\u6392\u961F\u4E2D",
-  /** 运行中 */
-  RUNNING: "\u8FD0\u884C\u4E2D",
-  /** 完成 */
-  DONE: "\u5B8C\u6210",
-  /** 失败 */
-  FAILED: "\u5931\u8D25"
-};
+function getTaskStatusLabels() {
+  const lang = getCurrentLanguage();
+  return lang === "en" ? { PENDING: "Pending", RUNNING: "Running", DONE: "Done", FAILED: "Failed" } : { PENDING: "\u6392\u961F\u4E2D", RUNNING: "\u8FD0\u884C\u4E2D", DONE: "\u5B8C\u6210", FAILED: "\u5931\u8D25" };
+}
 var ACTIVITY_TEXT_MAX_LENGTH = 30;
 var TEXT_ACTIVITY_PREFIX = "\u601D\u8003\u4E2D";
 var RESULT_PREVIEW_MAX_LENGTH = 40;
@@ -860,29 +2282,33 @@ var CLEAR_SCREEN = "\x1B[2J";
 var CURSOR_HOME = "\x1B[H";
 
 // src/constants/prompt.ts
-import chalk2 from "chalk";
+import chalk3 from "chalk";
 var SELECT_ALL_NAME = "__select_all__";
 var SELECT_ALL_LABEL = "[select-all]";
 var GROUP_SELECT_ALL_PREFIX = "__group_select_all_";
 var GROUP_SELECT_ALL_LABEL = (dateLabel) => `[select-all: ${dateLabel}]`;
-var GROUP_SEPARATOR_LABEL = (dateLabel, relativeTime) => `\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550 ${chalk2.bold.hex("#FF8C00")(dateLabel)}\uFF08${chalk2.hex("#FF8C00")(relativeTime)}\uFF09 \u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550`;
+var GROUP_SEPARATOR_LABEL = (dateLabel, relativeTime) => {
+  const lang = getCurrentLanguage();
+  const separator = lang === "en" ? `\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550 ${chalk3.bold.hex("#FF8C00")(dateLabel)} (${chalk3.hex("#FF8C00")(relativeTime)}) \u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550` : `\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550 ${chalk3.bold.hex("#FF8C00")(dateLabel)}\uFF08${chalk3.hex("#FF8C00")(relativeTime)}\uFF09 \u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550`;
+  return separator;
+};
 var UNKNOWN_DATE_GROUP = "\u672A\u77E5\u65E5\u671F";
-var UNKNOWN_DATE_SEPARATOR_LABEL = `\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550 ${chalk2.bold.hex("#FF8C00")("\u672A\u77E5\u65E5\u671F")} \u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550`;
+var UNKNOWN_DATE_SEPARATOR_LABEL = `\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550 ${chalk3.bold.hex("#FF8C00")("\u672A\u77E5\u65E5\u671F")} \u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550`;
 
 // src/constants/ai-prompts.ts
-var CONFLICT_RESOLVE_PROMPT = `\u4F60\u662F\u4E00\u4E2A Git \u5408\u5E76\u51B2\u7A81\u89E3\u51B3\u4E13\u5BB6\u3002\u5F53\u524D\u4ED3\u5E93\u5904\u4E8E\u5408\u5E76\u51B2\u7A81\u72B6\u6001\u3002
+var CONFLICT_RESOLVE_PROMPT = `You are a Git merge conflict resolution expert. The repository is currently in a merge conflict state.
 
-## \u4EFB\u52A1
+## Task
 
-1. \u901A\u8FC7 git status \u548C git diff \u7B49\u547D\u4EE4\uFF0C\u81EA\u884C\u67E5\u770B\u5F53\u524D\u4ED3\u5E93\u7684\u51B2\u7A81\u6587\u4EF6\u5217\u8868\u53CA\u51B2\u7A81\u5185\u5BB9
-2. \u901A\u8FC7 git log \u7B49\u547D\u4EE4\uFF0C\u5206\u6790\u4E24\u4E2A\u5206\u652F\u5404\u81EA\u7684\u53D8\u66F4\u610F\u56FE
-3. \u76F4\u63A5\u7F16\u8F91\u6BCF\u4E2A\u51B2\u7A81\u6587\u4EF6\uFF0C\u79FB\u9664\u6240\u6709\u51B2\u7A81\u6807\u8BB0\uFF08<<<<<<<\u3001=======\u3001>>>>>>>\uFF09
-4. \u4FDD\u7559\u53CC\u65B9\u6709\u610F\u4E49\u7684\u53D8\u66F4\uFF0C\u5408\u7406\u5408\u5E76\u4EE3\u7801\u903B\u8F91
-5. \u5982\u679C\u4E24\u4E2A\u5206\u652F\u4FEE\u6539\u4E86\u540C\u4E00\u6BB5\u4EE3\u7801\u4F46\u610F\u56FE\u4E0D\u540C\uFF0C\u4F18\u5148\u4FDD\u8BC1\u4EE3\u7801\u7684\u6B63\u786E\u6027\u548C\u5B8C\u6574\u6027
-6. \u89E3\u51B3\u51B2\u7A81\u540E\uFF0C\u786E\u4FDD\u4EE3\u7801\u8BED\u6CD5\u6B63\u786E\u3001\u903B\u8F91\u5B8C\u6574
-7. \u4E0D\u8981\u6DFB\u52A0\u4EFB\u4F55\u6CE8\u91CA\u8BF4\u660E\u4F60\u505A\u4E86\u4EC0\u4E48\u4FEE\u6539\uFF0C\u53EA\u9700\u8981\u4FEE\u6539\u6587\u4EF6\u5185\u5BB9
+1. Use git status and git diff to examine the list of conflicted files and their contents
+2. Use git log to analyze the change intent of each branch
+3. Directly edit each conflicted file, removing all conflict markers (<<<<<<<, =======, >>>>>>>)
+4. Preserve meaningful changes from both sides, merging code logic appropriately
+5. If both branches modified the same section with different intents, prioritize code correctness and completeness
+6. After resolving conflicts, ensure code syntax is correct and logic is complete
+7. Do not add any comments explaining your modifications, only modify file contents
 
-\u8BF7\u76F4\u63A5\u5F00\u59CB\u3002`;
+Please begin.`;
 
 // src/constants/pre-checks.ts
 var PRE_CHECK_CREATE = {
@@ -913,7 +2339,32 @@ var PRE_CHECK_RESUME = {
 // src/constants/tasks-template.ts
 var TASK_TEMPLATE_OUTPUT_DIR = ".clawt/tasks";
 var TASK_TEMPLATE_FILENAME_PREFIX = "clawt-tasks";
-var TASK_TEMPLATE_CONTENT = `# Clawt \u4EFB\u52A1\u6587\u4EF6
+function getTaskTemplateContent() {
+  const lang = getCurrentLanguage();
+  if (lang === "en") {
+    return `# Clawt Task File
+#
+# Usage: clawt run -f tasks.md
+# Format: Text outside tags is ignored, each task is wrapped in START/END tags
+#
+# Rules:
+#   1. Each task block is wrapped with <START> and <END> tags (see example below)
+#   2. Use # branch: <branch-name> inside the block to declare branch name (can be omitted with -b)
+#   3. Other lines inside the block are the task description (supports multi-line)
+
+<!-- CLAWT-TASKS:START -->
+# branch: feat-example-1
+Write your first task description here
+<!-- CLAWT-TASKS:END -->
+
+<!-- CLAWT-TASKS:START -->
+# branch: feat-example-2
+Write your second task description here
+Multi-line descriptions are supported
+<!-- CLAWT-TASKS:END -->
+`;
+  }
+  return `# Clawt \u4EFB\u52A1\u6587\u4EF6
 #
 # \u4F7F\u7528\u65B9\u6CD5: clawt run -f tasks.md
 # \u683C\u5F0F\u8BF4\u660E: \u6807\u7B7E\u5916\u7684\u6587\u672C\u4F1A\u88AB\u5FFD\u7565\uFF0C\u6BCF\u4E2A\u4EFB\u52A1\u7528 START/END \u6807\u7B7E\u5305\u88F9
@@ -934,6 +2385,7 @@ var TASK_TEMPLATE_CONTENT = `# Clawt \u4EFB\u52A1\u6587\u4EF6
 \u652F\u6301\u591A\u884C\u63CF\u8FF0
 <!-- CLAWT-TASKS:END -->
 `;
+}
 
 // src/errors/index.ts
 var ClawtError = class extends Error {
@@ -950,69 +2402,12 @@ var ClawtError = class extends Error {
   }
 };
 
-// src/logger/index.ts
-import winston from "winston";
-import DailyRotateFile from "winston-daily-rotate-file";
-import chalk3 from "chalk";
-import { existsSync, mkdirSync } from "fs";
-if (!existsSync(LOGS_DIR)) {
-  mkdirSync(LOGS_DIR, { recursive: true });
-}
-var logFormat = winston.format.printf(({ level, message, timestamp }) => {
-  const upperLevel = level.toUpperCase().padEnd(5);
-  return `[${timestamp}] [${upperLevel}] ${message}`;
-});
-var dailyRotateTransport = new DailyRotateFile({
-  dirname: LOGS_DIR,
-  filename: "clawt-%DATE%.log",
-  datePattern: "YYYY-MM-DD",
-  maxSize: "10m",
-  maxFiles: "30d"
-});
-var logger = winston.createLogger({
-  level: "debug",
-  format: winston.format.combine(
-    winston.format.timestamp({ format: "YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm:ss" }),
-    logFormat
-  ),
-  transports: [dailyRotateTransport]
-});
-var LEVEL_COLORS = {
-  error: chalk3.red,
-  warn: chalk3.yellow,
-  info: chalk3.cyan,
-  debug: chalk3.gray
-};
-function colorizeLevel(level) {
-  const colorFn = LEVEL_COLORS[level] || chalk3.white;
-  return colorFn(level.toUpperCase().padEnd(5));
-}
-function enableConsoleTransport() {
-  const hasConsole = logger.transports.some(
-    (t) => t instanceof winston.transports.Console
-  );
-  if (hasConsole) {
-    return;
-  }
-  const consoleFormat = winston.format.printf(({ level, message, timestamp }) => {
-    return `${chalk3.gray(timestamp)} ${colorizeLevel(level)} ${message}`;
-  });
-  const consoleTransport = new winston.transports.Console({
-    level: "debug",
-    format: winston.format.combine(
-      winston.format.timestamp({ format: DEBUG_TIMESTAMP_FORMAT }),
-      consoleFormat
-    )
-  });
-  logger.add(consoleTransport);
-}
-
 // src/utils/shell.ts
 import { exec, execSync as execSync2, execFileSync, spawn, spawnSync } from "child_process";
 import { promisify } from "util";
 
 // src/utils/git-lock.ts
-import { join as join2, isAbsolute } from "path";
+import { join as join3, isAbsolute } from "path";
 import { execSync } from "child_process";
 var INDEX_LOCK_ERROR_PATTERNS = [
   // 英文错误消息
@@ -1042,10 +2437,10 @@ function findGitIndexLockPath(cwd) {
       encoding: "utf-8",
       stdio: ["pipe", "pipe", "pipe"]
     }).trim();
-    return isAbsolute(gitDir) ? join2(gitDir, "index.lock") : join2(cwd || process.cwd(), gitDir, "index.lock");
+    return isAbsolute(gitDir) ? join3(gitDir, "index.lock") : join3(cwd || process.cwd(), gitDir, "index.lock");
   } catch (error) {
     logger.warn(`\u5B9A\u4F4D git \u76EE\u5F55\u5931\u8D25: ${error}`);
-    return join2(cwd || process.cwd(), ".git", "index.lock");
+    return join3(cwd || process.cwd(), ".git", "index.lock");
   }
 }
 function parseIndexLockPathFromError(errorMessage) {
@@ -1540,17 +2935,22 @@ function confirmAction(question, nonInteractiveDefault = true) {
   });
 }
 function confirmDestructiveAction(dangerousCommand, description) {
-  printWarning(`\u5373\u5C06\u6267\u884C ${chalk4.red.bold(dangerousCommand)}\uFF0C${description}`);
-  return confirmAction("\u662F\u5426\u7EE7\u7EED\uFF1F");
+  const lang = getCurrentLanguage();
+  const continuePrompt = lang === "en" ? "Continue?" : "\u662F\u5426\u7EE7\u7EED\uFF1F";
+  const warningPrefix = lang === "en" ? `About to execute ${chalk4.red.bold(dangerousCommand)}, ` : `\u5373\u5C06\u6267\u884C ${chalk4.red.bold(dangerousCommand)}\uFF0C`;
+  printWarning(`${warningPrefix}${description}`);
+  return confirmAction(continuePrompt);
 }
 function isWorktreeIdle(status) {
   return status.commitCount === 0 && status.insertions === 0 && status.deletions === 0 && !status.hasDirtyFiles;
 }
 function formatWorktreeStatus(status) {
+  const lang = getCurrentLanguage();
   const parts = [];
-  parts.push(chalk4.yellow(`${status.commitCount} \u4E2A\u63D0\u4EA4`));
+  const commitLabel = lang === "en" ? `${status.commitCount} commit${status.commitCount !== 1 ? "s" : ""}` : `${status.commitCount} \u4E2A\u63D0\u4EA4`;
+  parts.push(chalk4.yellow(commitLabel));
   if (status.insertions === 0 && status.deletions === 0) {
-    parts.push("\u65E0\u53D8\u66F4");
+    parts.push(lang === "en" ? "No changes" : "\u65E0\u53D8\u66F4");
   } else {
     const diffParts = [];
     diffParts.push(chalk4.green(`+${status.insertions}`));
@@ -1558,7 +2958,7 @@ function formatWorktreeStatus(status) {
     parts.push(diffParts.join(" "));
   }
   if (status.hasDirtyFiles) {
-    parts.push(chalk4.gray("(\u672A\u63D0\u4EA4\u4FEE\u6539)"));
+    parts.push(chalk4.gray(lang === "en" ? "(uncommitted changes)" : "(\u672A\u63D0\u4EA4\u4FEE\u6539)"));
   }
   return parts.join("   ");
 }
@@ -1572,6 +2972,7 @@ function formatDuration(ms) {
   return `${minutes}m${String(seconds).padStart(2, "0")}s`;
 }
 function formatRelativeTime(isoDateString) {
+  const lang = getCurrentLanguage();
   const date = new Date(isoDateString);
   const now = /* @__PURE__ */ new Date();
   const diffMs = now.getTime() - date.getTime();
@@ -1579,26 +2980,26 @@ function formatRelativeTime(isoDateString) {
     return null;
   }
   if (diffMs < 0 || diffMs < 60 * 1e3) {
-    return "\u521A\u521A";
+    return lang === "en" ? "just now" : "\u521A\u521A";
   }
   const diffMinutes = Math.floor(diffMs / (1e3 * 60));
   const diffHours = Math.floor(diffMs / (1e3 * 60 * 60));
   const diffDays = Math.floor(diffMs / (1e3 * 60 * 60 * 24));
   if (diffHours < 1) {
-    return `${diffMinutes} \u5206\u949F\u524D`;
+    return lang === "en" ? `${diffMinutes} min ago` : `${diffMinutes} \u5206\u949F\u524D`;
   }
   if (diffDays < 1) {
-    return `${diffHours} \u5C0F\u65F6\u524D`;
+    return lang === "en" ? `${diffHours} hr ago` : `${diffHours} \u5C0F\u65F6\u524D`;
   }
   if (diffDays < 30) {
-    return `${diffDays} \u5929\u524D`;
+    return lang === "en" ? `${diffDays} day${diffDays > 1 ? "s" : ""} ago` : `${diffDays} \u5929\u524D`;
   }
   if (diffDays < 365) {
     const months = Math.floor(diffDays / 30);
-    return `${months} \u4E2A\u6708\u524D`;
+    return lang === "en" ? `${months} month${months > 1 ? "s" : ""} ago` : `${months} \u4E2A\u6708\u524D`;
   }
   const years = Math.floor(diffDays / 365);
-  return `${years} \u5E74\u524D`;
+  return lang === "en" ? `${years} year${years > 1 ? "s" : ""} ago` : `${years} \u5E74\u524D`;
 }
 function formatDiskSize(bytes) {
   const KB = 1024;
@@ -1670,90 +3071,6 @@ function validateBranchesNotExist(branchNames) {
 import { existsSync as existsSync4, readFileSync as readFileSync2, writeFileSync as writeFileSync2 } from "fs";
 import { join as join4 } from "path";
 
-// src/utils/fs.ts
-import { existsSync as existsSync2, mkdirSync as mkdirSync2, readdirSync, rmdirSync, statSync } from "fs";
-import { join as join3 } from "path";
-function ensureDir(dirPath) {
-  if (!existsSync2(dirPath)) {
-    mkdirSync2(dirPath, { recursive: true });
-  }
-}
-function removeEmptyDir(dirPath) {
-  if (!existsSync2(dirPath)) {
-    return false;
-  }
-  const entries = readdirSync(dirPath);
-  if (entries.length === 0) {
-    rmdirSync(dirPath);
-    return true;
-  }
-  return false;
-}
-function calculateDirSize(dirPath) {
-  let totalSize = 0;
-  try {
-    const entries = readdirSync(dirPath, { withFileTypes: true });
-    for (const entry of entries) {
-      const fullPath = join3(dirPath, entry.name);
-      try {
-        if (entry.isDirectory()) {
-          totalSize += calculateDirSize(fullPath);
-        } else if (entry.isFile()) {
-          totalSize += statSync(fullPath).size;
-        }
-      } catch {
-      }
-    }
-  } catch {
-  }
-  return totalSize;
-}
-
-// src/utils/config.ts
-import { existsSync as existsSync3, readFileSync, writeFileSync } from "fs";
-function loadConfig() {
-  if (!existsSync3(CONFIG_PATH)) {
-    return { ...DEFAULT_CONFIG };
-  }
-  try {
-    const raw = readFileSync(CONFIG_PATH, "utf-8");
-    return { ...DEFAULT_CONFIG, ...JSON.parse(raw) };
-  } catch {
-    logger.warn(MESSAGES.CONFIG_CORRUPTED);
-    writeDefaultConfig();
-    return { ...DEFAULT_CONFIG };
-  }
-}
-function writeConfig(config2) {
-  writeFileSync(CONFIG_PATH, JSON.stringify(config2, null, 2), "utf-8");
-}
-function writeDefaultConfig() {
-  writeConfig(DEFAULT_CONFIG);
-}
-function saveConfig(config2) {
-  writeFileSync(CONFIG_PATH, JSON.stringify(config2, null, 2), "utf-8");
-}
-function getConfigValue(key) {
-  const config2 = loadConfig();
-  return config2[key];
-}
-function ensureClawtDirs() {
-  ensureDir(CLAWT_HOME);
-  ensureDir(LOGS_DIR);
-  ensureDir(WORKTREES_DIR);
-  ensureDir(PROJECTS_CONFIG_DIR);
-}
-function parseConcurrency(optionValue, configValue) {
-  if (optionValue === void 0) {
-    return configValue;
-  }
-  const parsed = parseInt(optionValue, 10);
-  if (Number.isNaN(parsed) || parsed < 0) {
-    throw new ClawtError(MESSAGES.CONCURRENCY_INVALID);
-  }
-  return parsed;
-}
-
 // src/utils/json.ts
 function primitiveToString(value) {
   if (value === void 0) {
@@ -1920,31 +3237,31 @@ async function handleDirtyWorkingDir(cwd) {
     gitAddAll(cwd);
     gitStashPush("clawt:auto-stash", cwd);
     if (!isWorkingDirClean(cwd)) {
-      throw new ClawtError("\u5DE5\u4F5C\u533A\u4ECD\u7136\u4E0D\u5E72\u51C0\uFF0C\u8BF7\u624B\u52A8\u5904\u7406");
+      throw new ClawtError(MESSAGES.WORKSPACE_STILL_DIRTY);
     }
     return;
   }
-  printWarning("\u5F53\u524D\u5206\u652F\u6709\u672A\u63D0\u4EA4\u7684\u66F4\u6539\uFF0C\u8BF7\u9009\u62E9\u5904\u7406\u65B9\u5F0F\uFF1A\n");
+  printWarning(MESSAGES.UNCOMMITTED_CHANGES_ON_BRANCH);
   const choice = await new Enquirer.Select({
-    message: "\u9009\u62E9\u5904\u7406\u65B9\u5F0F",
+    message: MESSAGES.SELECT_ACTION,
     choices: [
       {
         name: "reset",
-        message: "reset        - \u4E22\u5F03\u6240\u6709\u66F4\u6539 (git reset --hard HEAD && git clean -fd)"
+        message: getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "reset        - Discard all changes (git reset --hard HEAD && git clean -fd)" : "reset        - \u4E22\u5F03\u6240\u6709\u66F4\u6539 (git reset --hard HEAD && git clean -fd)"
       },
       {
         name: "stash",
-        message: "stash        - \u6682\u5B58\u66F4\u6539 (git add . && git stash)"
+        message: getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "stash        - Stash changes (git add . && git stash)" : "stash        - \u6682\u5B58\u66F4\u6539 (git add . && git stash)"
       },
       {
         name: "exit",
-        message: "exit         - \u9000\u51FA\uFF0C\u624B\u52A8\u5904\u7406"
+        message: getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "exit         - Exit, handle manually" : "exit         - \u9000\u51FA\uFF0C\u624B\u52A8\u5904\u7406"
       }
     ],
     initial: 0
   }).run();
   if (choice === "exit") {
-    throw new ClawtError("\u7528\u6237\u9009\u62E9\u9000\u51FA\uFF0C\u8BF7\u624B\u52A8\u5904\u7406\u5DE5\u4F5C\u533A\u66F4\u6539\u540E\u91CD\u8BD5");
+    throw new ClawtError(MESSAGES.USER_CHOSE_EXIT);
   }
   if (choice === "reset") {
     gitResetHard(cwd);
@@ -1954,7 +3271,7 @@ async function handleDirtyWorkingDir(cwd) {
     gitStashPush("clawt:auto-stash", cwd);
   }
   if (!isWorkingDirClean(cwd)) {
-    throw new ClawtError("\u5DE5\u4F5C\u533A\u4ECD\u7136\u4E0D\u5E72\u51C0\uFF0C\u8BF7\u624B\u52A8\u5904\u7406");
+    throw new ClawtError(MESSAGES.WORKSPACE_STILL_DIRTY);
   }
 }
 async function ensureOnMainWorkBranch(cwd) {
@@ -1973,7 +3290,7 @@ async function ensureOnMainWorkBranch(cwd) {
     return;
   }
   printWarning(MESSAGES.GUARD_BRANCH_MISMATCH(mainBranch, currentBranch));
-  const confirmed = isNonInteractive() ? true : await confirmAction("\u662F\u5426\u7EE7\u7EED\u6267\u884C\uFF1F");
+  const confirmed = isNonInteractive() ? true : await confirmAction(MESSAGES.CONFIRM_CONTINUE_VALIDATE);
   if (!confirmed) {
     throw new ClawtError(MESSAGES.DESTRUCTIVE_OP_CANCELLED);
   }
@@ -2173,7 +3490,7 @@ async function promptCommitMessage(promptMessage, nonInteractiveErrorMessage) {
   });
   const result = await prompt.run();
   if (!result.trim()) {
-    throw new ClawtError("\u63D0\u4EA4\u4FE1\u606F\u4E0D\u80FD\u4E3A\u7A7A");
+    throw new ClawtError(MESSAGES.COMMIT_MESSAGE_NOT_EMPTY);
   }
   return result.trim();
 }
@@ -2243,7 +3560,7 @@ end tell
 function openCommandInCmuxSurface(command, title) {
   if (!isCmuxEnvironment()) {
     throw new ClawtError(
-      "\u5F53\u524D\u4E0D\u5728 cmux \u73AF\u5883\u4E2D\uFF0C\u65E0\u6CD5\u521B\u5EFA surface\n\u8BF7\u786E\u4FDD\u5728 cmux \u7EC8\u7AEF\u4E2D\u6267\u884C clawt resume \u547D\u4EE4\uFF0C\u6216\u4FEE\u6539 terminalApp \u914D\u7F6E"
+      MESSAGES.NOT_IN_CMUX
     );
   }
   logger.debug(`\u5728 cmux \u4E2D\u521B\u5EFA\u65B0 surface: ${title}`);
@@ -2262,7 +3579,7 @@ function openCommandInCmuxSurface(command, title) {
     logger.debug(`new-split \u8F93\u51FA: ${newSurfaceResult}`);
     const match = newSurfaceResult.match(/(?:OK\s+)?(surface:\d+)/i);
     if (!match) {
-      throw new Error(`\u65E0\u6CD5\u89E3\u6790 cmux new-split \u8F93\u51FA: ${newSurfaceResult}`);
+      throw new Error(getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? `Failed to parse cmux new-split output: ${newSurfaceResult}` : `\u65E0\u6CD5\u89E3\u6790 cmux new-split \u8F93\u51FA: ${newSurfaceResult}`);
     }
     const surfaceRef = match[1];
     logger.debug(`\u5DF2\u521B\u5EFA surface: ${surfaceRef}`);
@@ -2280,7 +3597,7 @@ function openCommandInCmuxSurface(command, title) {
     logger.debug(`\u5DF2\u5411 ${surfaceRef} \u53D1\u9001\u547D\u4EE4`);
   } catch (error) {
     const message = error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error);
-    throw new ClawtError(`\u5728 cmux \u4E2D\u521B\u5EFA surface \u5931\u8D25: ${message}`);
+    throw new ClawtError(getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? `Failed to create surface in cmux: ${message}` : `\u5728 cmux \u4E2D\u521B\u5EFA surface \u5931\u8D25: ${message}`);
   }
 }
 function executeAppleScript(script, terminalApp) {
@@ -2293,13 +3610,13 @@ function executeAppleScript(script, terminalApp) {
     });
   } catch (error) {
     const message = error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error);
-    const accessibilityHint = terminalApp === "terminal" ? "\n\u63D0\u793A\uFF1ATerminal.app \u9700\u8981\u8F85\u52A9\u529F\u80FD\u6743\u9650\uFF0C\u8BF7\u5728\u300C\u7CFB\u7EDF\u8BBE\u7F6E \u2192 \u9690\u79C1\u4E0E\u5B89\u5168\u6027 \u2192 \u8F85\u52A9\u529F\u80FD\u300D\u4E2D\u6388\u6743\u7EC8\u7AEF\u5E94\u7528" : "";
-    throw new ClawtError(`\u6253\u5F00\u7EC8\u7AEF Tab \u5931\u8D25: ${message}${accessibilityHint}`);
+    const accessibilityHint = terminalApp === "terminal" ? MESSAGES.TERMINAL_ACCESSIBILITY_HINT : "";
+    throw new ClawtError(getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? `Failed to open terminal tab: ${message}${accessibilityHint}` : `\u6253\u5F00\u7EC8\u7AEF Tab \u5931\u8D25: ${message}${accessibilityHint}`);
   }
 }
 function openCommandInNewTerminalTab(command, tabTitle) {
   if (process.platform !== "darwin") {
-    throw new ClawtError("\u6279\u91CF resume \u76EE\u524D\u4EC5\u652F\u6301 macOS \u5E73\u53F0");
+    throw new ClawtError(MESSAGES.BATCH_RESUME_MACOS_ONLY);
   }
   const terminalApp = detectTerminalApp();
   switch (terminalApp) {
@@ -2315,7 +3632,7 @@ function openCommandInNewTerminalTab(command, tabTitle) {
       executeAppleScript(terminalScript, "terminal");
       break;
     default:
-      throw new ClawtError(`\u4E0D\u652F\u6301\u7684\u7EC8\u7AEF\u7C7B\u578B: ${terminalApp}`);
+      throw new ClawtError(getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? `Unsupported terminal type: ${terminalApp}` : `\u4E0D\u652F\u6301\u7684\u7EC8\u7AEF\u7C7B\u578B: ${terminalApp}`);
   }
 }
 
@@ -2343,12 +3660,12 @@ function launchInteractiveClaude(worktree, options = {}) {
   if (hasPreviousSession) {
     args.push("--continue");
   }
-  printInfo(`\u6B63\u5728 worktree \u4E2D\u542F\u52A8 Claude Code \u4EA4\u4E92\u5F0F\u754C\u9762...`);
-  printInfo(`  \u5206\u652F: ${worktree.branch}`);
-  printInfo(`  \u8DEF\u5F84: ${worktree.path}`);
-  printInfo(`  \u6307\u4EE4: ${commandStr}`);
+  printInfo(MESSAGES.STARTING_CLAUDE_INTERACTIVE);
+  printInfo(`  ${MESSAGES.BRANCH_LABEL} ${worktree.branch}`);
+  printInfo(`  ${MESSAGES.PATH_LABEL_RESUME} ${worktree.path}`);
+  printInfo(`  ${MESSAGES.COMMAND_LABEL} ${commandStr}`);
   if (options.autoContinue) {
-    printInfo(`  \u6A21\u5F0F: ${hasPreviousSession ? "\u7EE7\u7EED\u4E0A\u6B21\u5BF9\u8BDD" : "\u65B0\u5BF9\u8BDD"}`);
+    printInfo(`  ${MESSAGES.MODE_LABEL} ${hasPreviousSession ? MESSAGES.CONTINUE_SESSION : MESSAGES.NEW_SESSION}`);
   }
   printInfo("");
   const result = spawnSync3(cmd, args, {
@@ -2356,10 +3673,10 @@ function launchInteractiveClaude(worktree, options = {}) {
     stdio: "inherit"
   });
   if (result.error) {
-    throw new ClawtError(`\u542F\u52A8 Claude Code \u5931\u8D25: ${result.error.message}`);
+    throw new ClawtError(MESSAGES.CLAUDE_START_FAILED(result.error.message));
   }
   if (result.status !== null && result.status !== 0) {
-    printWarning(`Claude Code \u9000\u51FA\u7801: ${result.status}`);
+    printWarning(getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? `Claude Code exit code: ${result.status}` : `Claude Code \u9000\u51FA\u7801: ${result.status}`);
   }
 }
 function escapeShellSingleQuote(str) {
@@ -2373,7 +3690,7 @@ function buildClaudeCommand(worktree, hasPreviousSession) {
 }
 function launchInteractiveClaudeInNewTerminal(worktree, hasPreviousSession) {
   const command = buildClaudeCommand(worktree, hasPreviousSession);
-  const modeLabel = hasPreviousSession ? "\u7EE7\u7EED" : "\u65B0\u5BF9\u8BDD";
+  const modeLabel = hasPreviousSession ? MESSAGES.CONTINUE_SESSION : MESSAGES.NEW_SESSION;
   const tabTitle = `clawt: ${worktree.branch}`;
   openCommandInNewTerminalTab(command, tabTitle);
 }
@@ -2471,7 +3788,7 @@ import { statSync as statSync3 } from "fs";
 import Enquirer3 from "enquirer";
 async function promptSelectBranch(worktrees, message) {
   if (isNonInteractive()) {
-    throw new ClawtError("\u975E\u4EA4\u4E92\u6A21\u5F0F\u4E0B\u65E0\u6CD5\u8FDB\u884C\u5206\u652F\u9009\u62E9\uFF0C\u8BF7\u901A\u8FC7 -b \u53C2\u6570\u7CBE\u786E\u6307\u5B9A\u5206\u652F\u540D");
+    throw new ClawtError(getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "Non-interactive mode cannot select branch, please specify branch name via -b" : "\u975E\u4EA4\u4E92\u6A21\u5F0F\u4E0B\u65E0\u6CD5\u8FDB\u884C\u5206\u652F\u9009\u62E9\uFF0C\u8BF7\u901A\u8FC7 -b \u53C2\u6570\u7CBE\u786E\u6307\u5B9A\u5206\u652F\u540D");
   }
   const selectedBranch = await new Enquirer3.Select({
     message,
@@ -2484,7 +3801,7 @@ async function promptSelectBranch(worktrees, message) {
 }
 async function promptGroupedMultiSelectBranches(worktrees, message) {
   if (isNonInteractive()) {
-    throw new ClawtError("\u975E\u4EA4\u4E92\u6A21\u5F0F\u4E0B\u65E0\u6CD5\u8FDB\u884C\u5206\u652F\u591A\u9009\uFF0C\u8BF7\u901A\u8FC7 -b \u53C2\u6570\u7CBE\u786E\u6307\u5B9A\u5206\u652F\u540D");
+    throw new ClawtError(getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "Non-interactive mode cannot multi-select branches, please specify branch name via -b" : "\u975E\u4EA4\u4E92\u6A21\u5F0F\u4E0B\u65E0\u6CD5\u8FDB\u884C\u5206\u652F\u591A\u9009\uFF0C\u8BF7\u901A\u8FC7 -b \u53C2\u6570\u7CBE\u786E\u6307\u5B9A\u5206\u652F\u540D");
   }
   const groups = groupWorktreesByDate(worktrees);
   const choices = buildGroupedChoices(groups);
@@ -2627,19 +3944,20 @@ function getWorktreeCreatedTime(dirPath) {
   }
 }
 function formatRelativeDate(dateStr) {
+  const lang = getCurrentLanguage();
   const today = formatLocalDate(/* @__PURE__ */ new Date());
   const todayMs = new Date(today).getTime();
   const targetMs = new Date(dateStr).getTime();
   const diffDays = Math.round((todayMs - targetMs) / (1e3 * 60 * 60 * 24));
-  if (diffDays === 0) return "\u4ECA\u5929";
-  if (diffDays === 1) return "\u6628\u5929";
-  if (diffDays < 30) return `${diffDays} \u5929\u524D`;
+  if (diffDays === 0) return lang === "en" ? "Today" : "\u4ECA\u5929";
+  if (diffDays === 1) return lang === "en" ? "Yesterday" : "\u6628\u5929";
+  if (diffDays < 30) return lang === "en" ? `${diffDays} day${diffDays > 1 ? "s" : ""} ago` : `${diffDays} \u5929\u524D`;
   if (diffDays < 365) {
     const months = Math.floor(diffDays / 30);
-    return `${months} \u4E2A\u6708\u524D`;
+    return lang === "en" ? `${months} month${months > 1 ? "s" : ""} ago` : `${months} \u4E2A\u6708\u524D`;
   }
   const years = Math.floor(diffDays / 365);
-  return `${years} \u5E74\u524D`;
+  return lang === "en" ? `${years} year${years > 1 ? "s" : ""} ago` : `${years} \u5E74\u524D`;
 }
 function groupWorktreesByDate(worktrees) {
   const groups = /* @__PURE__ */ new Map();
@@ -2720,25 +4038,26 @@ function getMaxPathWidth(tasks) {
 function renderTaskLine(task, total, maxPathWidth, spinnerChar) {
   const indexStr = `[${task.index}/${total}]`;
   const pathStr = task.path.padEnd(maxPathWidth);
+  const labels = getTaskStatusLabels();
   switch (task.status) {
     case "pending": {
-      return `${indexStr} ${pathStr}  ${chalk5.gray(TASK_STATUS_ICONS.PENDING)} ${chalk5.gray(TASK_STATUS_LABELS.PENDING)}`;
+      return `${indexStr} ${pathStr}  ${chalk5.gray(TASK_STATUS_ICONS.PENDING)} ${chalk5.gray(labels.PENDING)}`;
     }
     case "running": {
       const elapsed = formatDuration(Date.now() - task.startedAt);
       const detail = task.activity ? `  ${chalk5.dim(task.activity)}` : "";
-      return `${indexStr} ${pathStr}  ${chalk5.cyan(spinnerChar)} ${chalk5.cyan(TASK_STATUS_LABELS.RUNNING)} ${chalk5.gray(elapsed)}${detail}`;
+      return `${indexStr} ${pathStr}  ${chalk5.cyan(spinnerChar)} ${chalk5.cyan(labels.RUNNING)} ${chalk5.gray(elapsed)}${detail}`;
     }
     case "done": {
       const duration = task.durationMs != null ? formatDuration(task.durationMs) : "N/A";
       const cost = task.costUsd != null ? `$${task.costUsd.toFixed(2)}` : "";
       const preview = task.resultPreview ? `  ${chalk5.dim(task.resultPreview)}` : "";
-      return `${indexStr} ${pathStr}  ${chalk5.green(TASK_STATUS_ICONS.DONE)} ${chalk5.green(TASK_STATUS_LABELS.DONE)}   ${chalk5.gray(duration)}  ${chalk5.yellow(cost)}${preview}`;
+      return `${indexStr} ${pathStr}  ${chalk5.green(TASK_STATUS_ICONS.DONE)} ${chalk5.green(labels.DONE)}   ${chalk5.gray(duration)}  ${chalk5.yellow(cost)}${preview}`;
     }
     case "failed": {
       const duration = task.durationMs != null ? formatDuration(task.durationMs) : "N/A";
       const preview = task.resultPreview ? `  ${chalk5.dim(task.resultPreview)}` : "";
-      return `${indexStr} ${pathStr}  ${chalk5.red(TASK_STATUS_ICONS.FAILED)} ${chalk5.red(TASK_STATUS_LABELS.FAILED)}   ${chalk5.gray(duration)}${preview}`;
+      return `${indexStr} ${pathStr}  ${chalk5.red(TASK_STATUS_ICONS.FAILED)} ${chalk5.red(labels.FAILED)}   ${chalk5.gray(duration)}${preview}`;
     }
   }
 }
@@ -2747,11 +4066,12 @@ function renderSummaryLine(tasks, total) {
   const done = tasks.filter((t) => t.status === "done").length;
   const failed = tasks.filter((t) => t.status === "failed").length;
   const pending = tasks.filter((t) => t.status === "pending").length;
+  const labels = getTaskStatusLabels();
   const parts = [];
-  if (running > 0) parts.push(chalk5.cyan(`${running}/${total} ${TASK_STATUS_LABELS.RUNNING}`));
-  if (done > 0) parts.push(chalk5.green(`${done}/${total} ${TASK_STATUS_LABELS.DONE}`));
-  if (failed > 0) parts.push(chalk5.red(`${failed}/${total} ${TASK_STATUS_LABELS.FAILED}`));
-  if (pending > 0) parts.push(chalk5.gray(`${pending}/${total} ${TASK_STATUS_LABELS.PENDING}`));
+  if (running > 0) parts.push(chalk5.cyan(`${running}/${total} ${labels.RUNNING}`));
+  if (done > 0) parts.push(chalk5.green(`${done}/${total} ${labels.DONE}`));
+  if (failed > 0) parts.push(chalk5.red(`${failed}/${total} ${labels.FAILED}`));
+  if (pending > 0) parts.push(chalk5.gray(`${pending}/${total} ${labels.PENDING}`));
   return `[${parts.join(", ")}]`;
 }
 
@@ -2986,7 +4306,7 @@ import { resolve as resolve2 } from "path";
 import { existsSync as existsSync9, readFileSync as readFileSync4 } from "fs";
 var TASK_BLOCK_REGEX = /<!-- CLAWT-TASKS:START -->([\s\S]*?)<!-- CLAWT-TASKS:END -->/g;
 var BRANCH_LINE_REGEX = /^#\s*branch:\s*(.+)$/;
-var EMPTY_TASKS_MESSAGE = "\u4EFB\u52A1\u5217\u8868\u4E0D\u80FD\u4E3A\u7A7A";
+var EMPTY_TASKS_MESSAGE = getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "Task list cannot be empty" : "\u4EFB\u52A1\u5217\u8868\u4E0D\u80FD\u4E3A\u7A7A";
 function parseTasksFromOptions(rawTasks) {
   const tasks = rawTasks.map((t) => t.trim()).filter(Boolean);
   if (tasks.length === 0) {
@@ -3203,7 +4523,7 @@ function executeClaudeTask(worktree, task, onActivity, continueSession) {
         worktreePath: worktree.path,
         success,
         result: finalResult,
-        error: success ? void 0 : stderr || "\u4EFB\u52A1\u6267\u884C\u5931\u8D25"
+        error: success ? void 0 : stderr || MESSAGES.TASK_FAILED
       });
     });
     child.on("error", (err) => {
@@ -3221,11 +4541,11 @@ function executeClaudeTask(worktree, task, onActivity, continueSession) {
 }
 function printTaskSummary(summary) {
   printDoubleSeparator();
-  printInfo(`\u5168\u90E8\u4EFB\u52A1\u5DF2\u5B8C\u6210 (${summary.total}/${summary.total})`);
-  printInfo(`  \u6210\u529F: ${summary.succeeded}`);
-  printInfo(`  \u5931\u8D25: ${summary.failed}`);
-  printInfo(`  \u603B\u8017\u65F6: ${(summary.totalDurationMs / 1e3).toFixed(1)}s`);
-  printInfo(`  \u603B\u82B1\u8D39: $${summary.totalCostUsd.toFixed(2)}`);
+  printInfo(MESSAGES.ALL_TASKS_COMPLETED(summary.total));
+  printInfo(`  ${MESSAGES.SUCCESS_LABEL} ${summary.succeeded}`);
+  printInfo(`  ${MESSAGES.FAILURE_LABEL} ${summary.failed}`);
+  printInfo(`  ${MESSAGES.TOTAL_DURATION_LABEL} ${(summary.totalDurationMs / 1e3).toFixed(1)}s`);
+  printInfo(`  ${MESSAGES.TOTAL_COST_LABEL} $${summary.totalCostUsd.toFixed(2)}`);
   printDoubleSeparator();
 }
 async function handleInterruptCleanup(worktrees) {
@@ -3323,7 +4643,7 @@ async function executeBatchTasks(worktrees, tasks, concurrency, continueFlags) {
   const count = tasks.length;
   if (continueFlags && continueFlags.length !== count) {
     throw new ClawtError(
-      `continueFlags \u957F\u5EA6 (${continueFlags.length}) \u4E0E\u4EFB\u52A1\u6570 (${count}) \u4E0D\u4E00\u81F4`
+      getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? `continueFlags length (${continueFlags.length}) does not match task count (${count})` : `continueFlags \u957F\u5EA6 (${continueFlags.length}) \u4E0E\u4EFB\u52A1\u6570 (${count}) \u4E0D\u4E00\u81F4`
     );
   }
   if (concurrency > 0) {
@@ -3414,9 +4734,9 @@ function printDryRunPreview(branchNames, tasks, concurrency) {
     } else {
       printInfo(`${chalk6.green("\u2713")} ${indexLabel} ${chalk6.cyan(branch)}`);
     }
-    printInfo(`  ${chalk6.gray("\u8DEF\u5F84:")} ${worktreePath}`);
+    printInfo(`  ${chalk6.gray(MESSAGES.PATH_LABEL)} ${worktreePath}`);
     if (!isInteractive) {
-      printInfo(`  ${chalk6.gray("\u4EFB\u52A1:")} ${truncateTaskDesc(tasks[i])}`);
+      printInfo(`  ${chalk6.gray(MESSAGES.TASK_LABEL)} ${truncateTaskDesc(tasks[i])}`);
     }
     printInfo("");
   }
@@ -3436,7 +4756,7 @@ function applyAliases(program2, aliases) {
       targetCmd.alias(alias);
       logger.debug(`\u5DF2\u6CE8\u518C\u522B\u540D: ${alias} \u2192 ${commandName}`);
     } else {
-      logger.warn(`\u522B\u540D "${alias}" \u7684\u76EE\u6807\u547D\u4EE4 "${commandName}" \u4E0D\u5B58\u5728\uFF0C\u5DF2\u8DF3\u8FC7`);
+      logger.warn(getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? `Alias "${alias}" targets non-existent command "${commandName}", skipped` : `\u522B\u540D "${alias}" \u7684\u76EE\u6807\u547D\u4EE4 "${commandName}" \u4E0D\u5B58\u5728\uFF0C\u5DF2\u8DF3\u8FC7`);
     }
   }
 }
@@ -3485,7 +4805,7 @@ async function promptConfigValue(key, currentValue, allowedValues) {
 }
 function formatConfigValue(value) {
   if (value === void 0 || value === null) {
-    return chalk7.dim("(\u672A\u8BBE\u7F6E)");
+    return chalk7.dim(MESSAGES.NOT_SET);
   }
   if (typeof value === "boolean") {
     return value ? chalk7.green("true") : chalk7.yellow("false");
@@ -3494,7 +4814,7 @@ function formatConfigValue(value) {
 }
 async function interactiveConfigEditor(config2, definitions, options) {
   if (isNonInteractive()) {
-    throw new ClawtError("\u975E\u4EA4\u4E92\u6A21\u5F0F\u4E0B\u65E0\u6CD5\u4F7F\u7528\u4EA4\u4E92\u5F0F\u914D\u7F6E\u7F16\u8F91\u5668\uFF0C\u8BF7\u4F7F\u7528 clawt config set <key> <value>");
+    throw new ClawtError(MESSAGES.NON_INTERACTIVE_CONFIG_EDITOR);
   }
   const keys = Object.keys(definitions);
   const disabledKeys = options?.disabledKeys ?? {};
@@ -3535,7 +4855,7 @@ async function promptNumberValue(key, currentValue) {
     message: MESSAGES.CONFIG_INPUT_PROMPT(key),
     initial: String(currentValue),
     validate: (val) => {
-      if (Number.isNaN(Number(val))) return "\u8BF7\u8F93\u5165\u6709\u6548\u7684\u6570\u5B57";
+      if (Number.isNaN(Number(val))) return MESSAGES.INVALID_NUMBER_PROMPT;
       return true;
     }
   }).run();
@@ -3703,7 +5023,7 @@ function buildSingleErrorClipboard(command, stderr, exitCode) {
   if (stderr.trim()) {
     return MESSAGES.VALIDATE_CLIPBOARD_SINGLE_ERROR(command, stderr.trim());
   }
-  return `${command} \u6307\u4EE4\u6267\u884C\u51FA\u9519\uFF0C\u9000\u51FA\u7801: ${exitCode}`;
+  return MESSAGES.COMMAND_EXEC_ERROR(command, exitCode);
 }
 async function executeSingleCommand(command, mainWorktreePath) {
   printInfo(MESSAGES.VALIDATE_RUN_START(command));
@@ -3739,7 +5059,7 @@ function reportParallelResults(results) {
       printSuccess(MESSAGES.VALIDATE_PARALLEL_CMD_SUCCESS(result.command));
     } else {
       printError(MESSAGES.VALIDATE_PARALLEL_CMD_FAILED(result.command, result.exitCode));
-      const errorContent = result.stderr.trim() ? result.stderr.trim() : `\u9000\u51FA\u7801: ${result.exitCode}`;
+      const errorContent = result.stderr.trim() ? result.stderr.trim() : MESSAGES.EXIT_CODE_LABEL(result.exitCode);
       errorClipboardParts.push(
         MESSAGES.VALIDATE_CLIPBOARD_PARALLEL_ERROR(result.command, errorContent)
       );
@@ -3831,7 +5151,7 @@ function loadOldSnapshotToStage(oldTreeHash, oldHeadCommitHash, currentHeadCommi
         const stagedTreeHash = gitWriteTree(mainWorktreePath);
         return { success: true, stagedTreeHash };
       } else if (oldChangePatch.length > 0) {
-        logger.warn("\u65E7\u53D8\u66F4 patch \u4E0E\u5F53\u524D HEAD \u51B2\u7A81\uFF0C\u964D\u7EA7\u4E3A\u5168\u91CF\u6A21\u5F0F");
+        logger.warn(getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "Old changes patch conflicts with current HEAD, falling back to full mode" : "\u65E7\u53D8\u66F4 patch \u4E0E\u5F53\u524D HEAD \u51B2\u7A81\uFF0C\u964D\u7EA7\u4E3A\u5168\u91CF\u6A21\u5F0F");
         return { success: false, stagedTreeHash: "" };
       }
       return { success: true, stagedTreeHash: "" };
@@ -3951,7 +5271,8 @@ function renderDateSeparator(dateKey) {
     return `${leftPad}${chalk9.gray(PANEL_DATE_SEPARATOR_PREFIX)} ${chalk9.bold.hex(PANEL_DATE_COLOR)(PANEL_UNKNOWN_DATE)} ${chalk9.gray(PANEL_DATE_SEPARATOR_PREFIX)}`;
   }
   const relativeDate = formatRelativeDate(dateKey);
-  return `${leftPad}${chalk9.gray(PANEL_DATE_SEPARATOR_PREFIX)} ${chalk9.bold.hex(PANEL_DATE_COLOR)(dateKey)}${chalk9.hex(PANEL_DATE_COLOR)(`\uFF08${relativeDate}\uFF09`)} ${chalk9.gray(PANEL_DATE_SEPARATOR_PREFIX)}`;
+  const relativeDateText = getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? `(${relativeDate})` : `\uFF08${relativeDate}\uFF09`;
+  return `${leftPad}${chalk9.gray(PANEL_DATE_SEPARATOR_PREFIX)} ${chalk9.bold.hex(PANEL_DATE_COLOR)(dateKey)}${chalk9.hex(PANEL_DATE_COLOR)(relativeDateText)} ${chalk9.gray(PANEL_DATE_SEPARATOR_PREFIX)}`;
 }
 function renderWorktreeBlock(wt, isSelected) {
   const lines = [];
@@ -4013,12 +5334,13 @@ function renderConfiguredBranchLine(main2) {
   return PANEL_CONFIGURED_BRANCH(main2.configuredMainBranch);
 }
 function renderMainBranchDiff(main2) {
+  const workingDirLabel = getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "Working dir:" : "\u5DE5\u4F5C\u533A:";
   if (main2.insertions === 0 && main2.deletions === 0) {
-    return `\u5DE5\u4F5C\u533A: ${chalk9.green(MESSAGES.STATUS_CHANGE_CLEAN)}`;
+    return `${workingDirLabel} ${chalk9.green(MESSAGES.STATUS_CHANGE_CLEAN)}`;
   }
   const insertText = chalk9.green(`+${main2.insertions}`);
   const deleteText = chalk9.red(`-${main2.deletions}`);
-  return `\u5DE5\u4F5C\u533A: ${insertText} ${deleteText}`;
+  return `${workingDirLabel} ${insertText} ${deleteText}`;
 }
 function renderFooter(countdown) {
   return `${PANEL_FOOTER_SHORTCUTS}  ${PANEL_FOOTER_COUNTDOWN(countdown)}`;
@@ -4689,7 +6011,7 @@ function resolvePostCreateHook() {
   return null;
 }
 function getSourceLabel(hook) {
-  return hook.source === "projectConfig" ? "\u9879\u76EE\u914D\u7F6E (postCreate)" : ".clawt/postCreate.sh";
+  return hook.source === "projectConfig" ? getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "Project config (postCreate)" : "\u9879\u76EE\u914D\u7F6E (postCreate)" : ".clawt/postCreate.sh";
 }
 function executeOneHook(worktree, hook) {
   return new Promise((resolve5) => {
@@ -4714,7 +6036,7 @@ function executeOneHook(worktree, hook) {
       child.on("close", (code) => {
         if (code !== null && code !== 0) {
           result.success = false;
-          result.error = `\u547D\u4EE4\u9000\u51FA\u7801: ${code}`;
+          result.error = getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? `Command exit code: ${code}` : `\u547D\u4EE4\u9000\u51FA\u7801: ${code}`;
           logger.error(`postCreate hook \u5931\u8D25: ${hook.command} (\u9000\u51FA\u7801: ${code}) @ ${worktree.path}`);
         } else {
           logger.info(`postCreate hook \u6210\u529F: ${hook.command} @ ${worktree.path}`);
@@ -4758,7 +6080,7 @@ function runPostCreateHooks(worktrees, skip) {
 // src/commands/list.ts
 import chalk10 from "chalk";
 function registerListCommand(program2) {
-  program2.command("list").description("\u5217\u51FA\u5F53\u524D\u9879\u76EE\u6240\u6709 worktree\uFF08\u652F\u6301 --json \u683C\u5F0F\u8F93\u51FA\uFF09").option("--json", "\u4EE5 JSON \u683C\u5F0F\u8F93\u51FA").action(async (options) => {
+  program2.command("list").description(getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "List all worktrees for the current project (supports --json output)" : "\u5217\u51FA\u5F53\u524D\u9879\u76EE\u6240\u6709 worktree\uFF08\u652F\u6301 --json \u683C\u5F0F\u8F93\u51FA\uFF09").option("--json", getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "Output in JSON format" : "\u4EE5 JSON \u683C\u5F0F\u8F93\u51FA").action(async (options) => {
     await handleList(options);
   });
 }
@@ -4785,7 +6107,8 @@ function printListAsJson(projectName, worktrees) {
   console.log(JSON.stringify(result, null, 2));
 }
 function printListAsText(projectName, worktrees) {
-  printInfo(`\u5F53\u524D\u9879\u76EE: ${projectName}
+  const lang = getCurrentLanguage();
+  printInfo(`${lang === "en" ? "Current project" : "\u5F53\u524D\u9879\u76EE"}: ${projectName}
 `);
   if (worktrees.length === 0) {
     printInfo(`  ${MESSAGES.NO_WORKTREES}`);
@@ -4802,13 +6125,13 @@ function printListAsText(projectName, worktrees) {
       }
       printInfo("");
     }
-    printInfo(`\u5171 ${worktrees.length} \u4E2A worktree`);
+    printInfo(`${worktrees.length} ${lang === "en" ? "worktree(s)" : "\u4E2A worktree"}`);
   }
 }
 
 // src/commands/create.ts
 function registerCreateCommand(program2) {
-  program2.command("create").description("\u6279\u91CF\u521B\u5EFA worktree \u53CA\u5BF9\u5E94\u5206\u652F\uFF08\u542B\u9A8C\u8BC1\u5206\u652F\uFF09").requiredOption("-b, --branch <branchName>", "\u5206\u652F\u540D").option("-n, --number <count>", "\u521B\u5EFA\u6570\u91CF", "1").option("--post-create", "\u6267\u884C postCreate hook\uFF08\u9ED8\u8BA4\u5F00\u542F\uFF0C--no-post-create \u8DF3\u8FC7\uFF09", true).action(async (options) => {
+  program2.command("create").description(getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "Batch create worktrees and corresponding branches (including validation branches)" : "\u6279\u91CF\u521B\u5EFA worktree \u53CA\u5BF9\u5E94\u5206\u652F\uFF08\u542B\u9A8C\u8BC1\u5206\u652F\uFF09").requiredOption("-b, --branch <branchName>", getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "Branch name" : "\u5206\u652F\u540D").option("-n, --number <count>", getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "Number of worktrees to create" : "\u521B\u5EFA\u6570\u91CF", "1").option("--post-create", getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "Execute postCreate hook (enabled by default, use --no-post-create to skip)" : "\u6267\u884C postCreate hook\uFF08\u9ED8\u8BA4\u5F00\u542F\uFF0C--no-post-create \u8DF3\u8FC7\uFF09", true).action(async (options) => {
     await handleCreate(options);
   });
 }
@@ -4827,10 +6150,10 @@ async function handleCreate(options) {
   printSuccess(MESSAGES.WORKTREE_CREATED(worktrees.length));
   printInfo("");
   worktrees.forEach((wt, index) => {
-    printInfo(`\u76EE\u5F55\u8DEF\u5F84${index + 1}\uFF1A`);
+    printInfo(getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? `Directory path ${index + 1}:` : `\u76EE\u5F55\u8DEF\u5F84${index + 1}\uFF1A`);
     printInfo(`  ${wt.path}`);
-    printInfo(`  \u5206\u652F\u540D: ${wt.branch}`);
-    printInfo(`  \u9A8C\u8BC1\u5206\u652F: ${getValidateBranchName(wt.branch)}`);
+    printInfo(getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? `  Branch: ${wt.branch}` : `  \u5206\u652F\u540D: ${wt.branch}`);
+    printInfo(getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? `  Validation branch: ${getValidateBranchName(wt.branch)}` : `  \u9A8C\u8BC1\u5206\u652F: ${getValidateBranchName(wt.branch)}`);
     printSeparator();
   });
 }
@@ -4843,7 +6166,7 @@ var REMOVE_RESOLVE_MESSAGES = {
   noMatch: MESSAGES.REMOVE_NO_MATCH
 };
 function registerRemoveCommand(program2) {
-  program2.command("remove").description("\u79FB\u9664 worktree\uFF08\u652F\u6301\u6A21\u7CCA\u5339\u914D/\u591A\u9009/\u5168\u90E8\uFF09").option("--all", "\u79FB\u9664\u5F53\u524D\u9879\u76EE\u4E0B\u6240\u6709 worktree").option("-b, --branch <branchName>", "\u6307\u5B9A\u5206\u652F\u540D\uFF08\u652F\u6301\u6A21\u7CCA\u5339\u914D\uFF0C\u4E0D\u4F20\u5219\u5217\u51FA\u6240\u6709\u5206\u652F\uFF09").action(async (options) => {
+  program2.command("remove").description(getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "Remove worktrees (supports fuzzy match / multi-select / all)" : "\u79FB\u9664 worktree\uFF08\u652F\u6301\u6A21\u7CCA\u5339\u914D/\u591A\u9009/\u5168\u90E8\uFF09").option("--all", getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "Remove all worktrees in the current project" : "\u79FB\u9664\u5F53\u524D\u9879\u76EE\u4E0B\u6240\u6709 worktree").option("-b, --branch <branchName>", getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "Specify branch name (supports fuzzy match, lists all branches if not provided)" : "\u6307\u5B9A\u5206\u652F\u540D\uFF08\u652F\u6301\u6A21\u7CCA\u5339\u914D\uFF0C\u4E0D\u4F20\u5219\u5217\u51FA\u6240\u6709\u5206\u652F\uFF09").action(async (options) => {
     await handleRemove(options);
   });
 }
@@ -4872,9 +6195,9 @@ async function handleRemove(options) {
       throw new ClawtError(MESSAGES.REMOVE_VALIDATE_BRANCH_IS_CURRENT(wt.branch, validateBranch));
     }
   }
-  printInfo("\u5373\u5C06\u79FB\u9664\u4EE5\u4E0B worktree \u53CA\u672C\u5730\u5206\u652F\uFF1A\n");
+  printInfo(getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "The following worktrees and local branches will be removed:\n" : "\u5373\u5C06\u79FB\u9664\u4EE5\u4E0B worktree \u53CA\u672C\u5730\u5206\u652F\uFF1A\n");
   worktreesToRemove.forEach((wt, index) => {
-    printInfo(`  ${index + 1}. ${wt.path}  \u2192  \u5206\u652F: ${wt.branch}  \u9A8C\u8BC1\u5206\u652F: ${getValidateBranchName(wt.branch)}`);
+    printInfo(getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? `  ${index + 1}. ${wt.path}  \u2192  branch: ${wt.branch}  validate branch: ${getValidateBranchName(wt.branch)}` : `  ${index + 1}. ${wt.path}  \u2192  \u5206\u652F: ${wt.branch}  \u9A8C\u8BC1\u5206\u652F: ${getValidateBranchName(wt.branch)}`);
   });
   printInfo("");
   const autoDelete = getConfigValue("autoDeleteBranch");
@@ -4910,14 +6233,14 @@ async function handleRemove(options) {
   if (failures.length > 0) {
     printError(MESSAGES.REMOVE_PARTIAL_FAILURE(failures));
     throw new ClawtError(
-      `${failures.length} \u4E2A worktree \u79FB\u9664\u5931\u8D25`
+      getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? `${failures.length} worktree removal(s) failed` : `${failures.length} \u4E2A worktree \u79FB\u9664\u5931\u8D25`
     );
   }
 }
 
 // src/commands/run.ts
 function registerRunCommand(program2) {
-  program2.command("run").description("\u6279\u91CF\u521B\u5EFA worktree + \u542F\u52A8 Claude Code \u6267\u884C\u4EFB\u52A1\uFF08\u652F\u6301\u4EFB\u52A1\u6587\u4EF6\uFF09").option("-b, --branch <branchName>", "\u5206\u652F\u540D").option("--tasks <task...>", "\u4EFB\u52A1\u5217\u8868\uFF08\u53EF\u591A\u6B21\u6307\u5B9A\uFF09\uFF0C\u4E0D\u4F20\u5219\u5728 worktree \u4E2D\u6253\u5F00 Claude Code \u4EA4\u4E92\u5F0F\u754C\u9762").option("-c, --concurrency <n>", "\u6700\u5927\u5E76\u53D1\u6570\uFF0C0 \u8868\u793A\u4E0D\u9650\u5236").option("-f, --file <path>", "\u4ECE\u4EFB\u52A1\u6587\u4EF6\u8BFB\u53D6\u4EFB\u52A1\u5217\u8868\uFF08\u4E0E --tasks \u4E92\u65A5\uFF09").option("--dry-run", "\u9884\u89C8\u6A21\u5F0F\uFF0C\u4EC5\u5C55\u793A\u4EFB\u52A1\u8BA1\u5212\u4E0D\u5B9E\u9645\u6267\u884C").option("--post-create", "\u6267\u884C postCreate hook\uFF08\u9ED8\u8BA4\u5F00\u542F\uFF0C--no-post-create \u8DF3\u8FC7\uFF09", true).action(async (options) => {
+  program2.command("run").description(getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "Batch create worktrees + launch Claude Code to execute tasks (supports task files)" : "\u6279\u91CF\u521B\u5EFA worktree + \u542F\u52A8 Claude Code \u6267\u884C\u4EFB\u52A1\uFF08\u652F\u6301\u4EFB\u52A1\u6587\u4EF6\uFF09").option("-b, --branch <branchName>", getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "Branch name" : "\u5206\u652F\u540D").option("--tasks <task...>", getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "Task list (can be specified multiple times); opens Claude Code interactive UI in worktree if omitted" : "\u4EFB\u52A1\u5217\u8868\uFF08\u53EF\u591A\u6B21\u6307\u5B9A\uFF09\uFF0C\u4E0D\u4F20\u5219\u5728 worktree \u4E2D\u6253\u5F00 Claude Code \u4EA4\u4E92\u5F0F\u754C\u9762").option("-c, --concurrency <n>", getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "Max concurrency, 0 means unlimited" : "\u6700\u5927\u5E76\u53D1\u6570\uFF0C0 \u8868\u793A\u4E0D\u9650\u5236").option("-f, --file <path>", getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "Read task list from file (mutually exclusive with --tasks)" : "\u4ECE\u4EFB\u52A1\u6587\u4EF6\u8BFB\u53D6\u4EFB\u52A1\u5217\u8868\uFF08\u4E0E --tasks \u4E92\u65A5\uFF09").option("--dry-run", getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "Preview mode, show task plan without executing" : "\u9884\u89C8\u6A21\u5F0F\uFF0C\u4EC5\u5C55\u793A\u4EFB\u52A1\u8BA1\u5212\u4E0D\u5B9E\u9645\u6267\u884C").option("--post-create", getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "Execute postCreate hook (enabled by default, use --no-post-create to skip)" : "\u6267\u884C postCreate hook\uFF08\u9ED8\u8BA4\u5F00\u542F\uFF0C--no-post-create \u8DF3\u8FC7\uFF09", true).action(async (options) => {
     await handleRun(options);
   });
 }
@@ -5014,7 +6337,7 @@ var RESUME_RESOLVE_MESSAGES = {
   noMatch: MESSAGES.RESUME_NO_MATCH
 };
 function registerResumeCommand(program2) {
-  program2.command("resume").description("\u5728\u5DF2\u6709 worktree \u4E2D\u6062\u590D Claude Code \u4F1A\u8BDD\uFF08\u652F\u6301\u591A\u9009\u6279\u91CF\u6062\u590D\uFF09").option("-b, --branch <branchName>", "\u8981\u6062\u590D\u7684\u5206\u652F\u540D\uFF08\u652F\u6301\u6A21\u7CCA\u5339\u914D\uFF0C\u4E0D\u4F20\u5219\u5217\u51FA\u6240\u6709\u5206\u652F\uFF09").option("--prompt <content>", "\u975E\u4EA4\u4E92\u5F0F\u8FFD\u95EE\uFF08\u9700\u914D\u5408 -b \u6307\u5B9A\u5206\u652F\uFF09").option("-f, --file <path>", "\u4ECE\u4EFB\u52A1\u6587\u4EF6\u6279\u91CF\u8FFD\u95EE\uFF08\u901A\u8FC7 branch \u540D\u5339\u914D\u5DF2\u6709 worktree\uFF09").option("-c, --concurrency <n>", "\u6279\u91CF\u8FFD\u95EE\u6700\u5927\u5E76\u53D1\u6570\uFF0C0 \u8868\u793A\u4E0D\u9650\u5236").action(async (options) => {
+  program2.command("resume").description(getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "Resume Claude Code sessions in existing worktrees (supports multi-select batch resume)" : "\u5728\u5DF2\u6709 worktree \u4E2D\u6062\u590D Claude Code \u4F1A\u8BDD\uFF08\u652F\u6301\u591A\u9009\u6279\u91CF\u6062\u590D\uFF09").option("-b, --branch <branchName>", getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "Branch name to resume (supports fuzzy match, lists all branches if not provided)" : "\u8981\u6062\u590D\u7684\u5206\u652F\u540D\uFF08\u652F\u6301\u6A21\u7CCA\u5339\u914D\uFF0C\u4E0D\u4F20\u5219\u5217\u51FA\u6240\u6709\u5206\u652F\uFF09").option("--prompt <content>", getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "Non-interactive follow-up prompt (requires -b to specify branch)" : "\u975E\u4EA4\u4E92\u5F0F\u8FFD\u95EE\uFF08\u9700\u914D\u5408 -b \u6307\u5B9A\u5206\u652F\uFF09").option("-f, --file <path>", getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "Batch follow-up from task file (matches existing worktrees by branch name)" : "\u4ECE\u4EFB\u52A1\u6587\u4EF6\u6279\u91CF\u8FFD\u95EE\uFF08\u901A\u8FC7 branch \u540D\u5339\u914D\u5DF2\u6709 worktree\uFF09").option("-c, --concurrency <n>", getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "Max concurrency for batch follow-ups, 0 means unlimited" : "\u6279\u91CF\u8FFD\u95EE\u6700\u5927\u5E76\u53D1\u6570\uFF0C0 \u8868\u793A\u4E0D\u9650\u5236").action(async (options) => {
     await handleResume(options);
   });
 }
@@ -5087,9 +6410,9 @@ async function handleNonInteractiveBatchResume(filePath, options) {
   await executeBatchTasks(worktrees, tasks, concurrency, continueFlags);
 }
 function printBatchResumePreview(worktrees, sessionMap) {
-  printInfo("\u5373\u5C06\u6062\u590D\u7684\u5206\u652F\uFF1A");
+  printInfo(getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "Branches to resume:" : "\u5373\u5C06\u6062\u590D\u7684\u5206\u652F\uFF1A");
   for (const wt of worktrees) {
-    const modeLabel = sessionMap.get(wt.path) ? "\u7EE7\u7EED\u4E0A\u6B21\u5BF9\u8BDD" : "\u65B0\u5BF9\u8BDD";
+    const modeLabel = sessionMap.get(wt.path) ? getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "continue" : "\u7EE7\u7EED\u4E0A\u6B21\u5BF9\u8BDD" : getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "new session" : "\u65B0\u5BF9\u8BDD";
     printInfo(`  - ${wt.branch} (${modeLabel})`);
   }
   printInfo("");
@@ -5116,7 +6439,7 @@ async function handleBatchResume(worktrees) {
 
 // src/commands/sync.ts
 function registerSyncCommand(program2) {
-  program2.command("sync").description("\u5C06\u4E3B\u5206\u652F\u6700\u65B0\u4EE3\u7801\u540C\u6B65\u5230\u76EE\u6807 worktree").option("-b, --branch <branchName>", "\u8981\u540C\u6B65\u7684\u5206\u652F\u540D\uFF08\u652F\u6301\u6A21\u7CCA\u5339\u914D\uFF0C\u4E0D\u4F20\u5219\u5217\u51FA\u6240\u6709\u5206\u652F\uFF09").action(async (options) => {
+  program2.command("sync").description(getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "Sync the latest code from the main branch to the target worktree" : "\u5C06\u4E3B\u5206\u652F\u6700\u65B0\u4EE3\u7801\u540C\u6B65\u5230\u76EE\u6807 worktree").option("-b, --branch <branchName>", getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "Branch name to sync (supports fuzzy match, lists all branches if not provided)" : "\u8981\u540C\u6B65\u7684\u5206\u652F\u540D\uFF08\u652F\u6301\u6A21\u7CCA\u5339\u914D\uFF0C\u4E0D\u4F20\u5219\u5217\u51FA\u6240\u6709\u5206\u652F\uFF09").action(async (options) => {
     await handleSync(options);
   });
 }
@@ -5140,7 +6463,7 @@ function mergeMainBranch(worktreePath, mainBranch) {
     if (hasMergeConflict(worktreePath)) {
       return true;
     }
-    throw new ClawtError(`\u5408\u5E76 ${mainBranch} \u5931\u8D25`);
+    throw new ClawtError(getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? `Merge of ${mainBranch} failed` : `\u5408\u5E76 ${mainBranch} \u5931\u8D25`);
   }
 }
 async function executeSyncForBranch(targetWorktreePath, branch) {
@@ -5178,7 +6501,7 @@ var VALIDATE_RESOLVE_MESSAGES = {
   noMatch: MESSAGES.VALIDATE_NO_MATCH
 };
 function registerValidateCommand(program2) {
-  program2.command("validate").description("\u5728\u4E3B worktree \u9A8C\u8BC1\u67D0\u4E2A worktree \u5206\u652F\u7684\u53D8\u66F4\uFF08\u901A\u8FC7\u9A8C\u8BC1\u5206\u652F\uFF09").option("-b, --branch <branchName>", "\u8981\u9A8C\u8BC1\u7684\u5206\u652F\u540D\uFF08\u652F\u6301\u6A21\u7CCA\u5339\u914D\uFF0C\u4E0D\u4F20\u5219\u5217\u51FA\u6240\u6709\u5206\u652F\uFF09").option("--clean", "\u6E05\u7406 validate \u72B6\u6001\uFF08\u91CD\u7F6E\u4E3B worktree \u5E76\u5220\u9664\u5FEB\u7167\uFF09").option("-r, --run <command>", "validate \u6210\u529F\u540E\u5728\u4E3B worktree \u4E2D\u6267\u884C\u7684\u547D\u4EE4").action(async (options) => {
+  program2.command("validate").description(getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "Validate a worktree branch's changes in the main worktree (via validation branch)" : "\u5728\u4E3B worktree \u9A8C\u8BC1\u67D0\u4E2A worktree \u5206\u652F\u7684\u53D8\u66F4\uFF08\u901A\u8FC7\u9A8C\u8BC1\u5206\u652F\uFF09").option("-b, --branch <branchName>", getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "Branch name to validate (supports fuzzy match, lists all branches if not provided)" : "\u8981\u9A8C\u8BC1\u7684\u5206\u652F\u540D\uFF08\u652F\u6301\u6A21\u7CCA\u5339\u914D\uFF0C\u4E0D\u4F20\u5219\u5217\u51FA\u6240\u6709\u5206\u652F\uFF09").option("--clean", getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "Clean validate state (reset main worktree and delete snapshot)" : "\u6E05\u7406 validate \u72B6\u6001\uFF08\u91CD\u7F6E\u4E3B worktree \u5E76\u5220\u9664\u5FEB\u7167\uFF09").option("-r, --run <command>", getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "Command to execute in the main worktree after successful validation" : "validate \u6210\u529F\u540E\u5728\u4E3B worktree \u4E2D\u6267\u884C\u7684\u547D\u4EE4").action(async (options) => {
     await handleValidate(options);
   });
 }
@@ -5205,7 +6528,7 @@ async function handleValidateClean(options) {
   if (getConfigValue("confirmDestructiveOps")) {
     const confirmed = await confirmDestructiveAction(
       "git reset --hard + git clean -fd",
-      `\u91CD\u7F6E\u4E3B worktree \u5E76\u5220\u9664\u5206\u652F ${branchName} \u7684 validate \u5FEB\u7167`
+      getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? `Reset main worktree and delete validate snapshot for branch ${branchName}` : `\u91CD\u7F6E\u4E3B worktree \u5E76\u5220\u9664\u5206\u652F ${branchName} \u7684 validate \u5FEB\u7167`
     );
     if (!confirmed) {
       printInfo(MESSAGES.DESTRUCTIVE_OP_CANCELLED);
@@ -5252,7 +6575,7 @@ async function handleIncrementalValidate(targetWorktreePath, mainWorktreePath, p
       try {
         gitReadTree(oldStagedTreeHash, mainWorktreePath);
       } catch (error) {
-        logger.warn(`\u6062\u590D\u6682\u5B58\u533A\u5931\u8D25: ${error}`);
+        logger.warn(getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? `Failed to restore staging area: ${error}` : `\u6062\u590D\u6682\u5B58\u533A\u5931\u8D25: ${error}`);
       }
     }
     printInfo(MESSAGES.INCREMENTAL_VALIDATE_NO_CHANGES(branchName));
@@ -5318,7 +6641,7 @@ async function handleValidate(options) {
 
 // src/commands/cover-validate.ts
 function registerCoverValidateCommand(program2) {
-  program2.command("cover").description("\u5C06\u9A8C\u8BC1\u5206\u652F\u4E0A\u7684\u4FEE\u6539\u8986\u76D6\u56DE\u76EE\u6807 worktree\uFF08\u81EA\u52A8\u63A8\u5BFC\u76EE\u6807\u5206\u652F\uFF09").action(async () => {
+  program2.command("cover").description(getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "Overwrite changes from the validation branch back to the target worktree (auto-detect target branch)" : "\u5C06\u9A8C\u8BC1\u5206\u652F\u4E0A\u7684\u4FEE\u6539\u8986\u76D6\u56DE\u76EE\u6807 worktree\uFF08\u81EA\u52A8\u63A8\u5BFC\u76EE\u6807\u5206\u652F\uFF09").action(async () => {
     await handleCoverValidate();
   });
 }
@@ -5361,7 +6684,7 @@ async function handleCoverValidate() {
   const { treeHash: snapshotTreeHash } = readSnapshot(projectName, targetBranchName);
   if (isWorkingDirClean(mainWorktreePath)) {
     printInfo(MESSAGES.COVER_VALIDATE_WORKING_DIR_CLEAN);
-    const confirmed = await confirmAction("\u662F\u5426\u7EE7\u7EED\u6267\u884C\u8986\u76D6\uFF1F");
+    const confirmed = await confirmAction(getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "Proceed with cover?" : "\u662F\u5426\u7EE7\u7EED\u6267\u884C\u8986\u76D6\uFF1F");
     if (!confirmed) return;
   }
   const currentTreeHash = computeWorktreeTreeHash(mainWorktreePath);
@@ -5383,7 +6706,7 @@ async function handleCoverValidate() {
 
 // src/commands/merge.ts
 function registerMergeCommand(program2) {
-  program2.command("merge").description("\u5408\u5E76\u67D0\u4E2A\u5DF2\u9A8C\u8BC1\u7684 worktree \u5206\u652F\u5230\u4E3B worktree").option("-b, --branch <branchName>", "\u8981\u5408\u5E76\u7684\u5206\u652F\u540D\uFF08\u652F\u6301\u6A21\u7CCA\u5339\u914D\uFF0C\u4E0D\u4F20\u5219\u5217\u51FA\u6240\u6709\u5206\u652F\u4F9B\u9009\u62E9\uFF09").option("-m, --message <commitMessage>", "\u63D0\u4EA4\u4FE1\u606F\uFF08\u76EE\u6807 worktree \u5DE5\u4F5C\u533A\u6709\u4FEE\u6539\u65F6\u5FC5\u586B\uFF09").option("--auto", "\u9047\u5230\u51B2\u7A81\u76F4\u63A5\u8C03\u7528 AI \u89E3\u51B3\uFF0C\u4E0D\u518D\u8BE2\u95EE").action(async (options) => {
+  program2.command("merge").description(getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "Merge a validated worktree branch into the main worktree" : "\u5408\u5E76\u67D0\u4E2A\u5DF2\u9A8C\u8BC1\u7684 worktree \u5206\u652F\u5230\u4E3B worktree").option("-b, --branch <branchName>", getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "Branch name to merge (supports fuzzy match, lists all branches if not provided)" : "\u8981\u5408\u5E76\u7684\u5206\u652F\u540D\uFF08\u652F\u6301\u6A21\u7CCA\u5339\u914D\uFF0C\u4E0D\u4F20\u5219\u5217\u51FA\u6240\u6709\u5206\u652F\u4F9B\u9009\u62E9\uFF09").option("-m, --message <commitMessage>", getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "Commit message (required when target worktree has uncommitted changes)" : "\u63D0\u4EA4\u4FE1\u606F\uFF08\u76EE\u6807 worktree \u5DE5\u4F5C\u533A\u6709\u4FEE\u6539\u65F6\u5FC5\u586B\uFF09").option("--auto", getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "Resolve conflicts with AI automatically without prompting" : "\u9047\u5230\u51B2\u7A81\u76F4\u63A5\u8C03\u7528 AI \u89E3\u51B3\uFF0C\u4E0D\u518D\u8BE2\u95EE").action(async (options) => {
     await handleMerge(options);
   });
 }
@@ -5428,10 +6751,10 @@ async function handleSquashIfNeeded(targetWorktreePath, mainWorktreePath, branch
 async function shouldCleanupAfterMerge(branchName) {
   const autoDelete = getConfigValue("autoDeleteBranch");
   if (autoDelete) {
-    printInfo(`\u5DF2\u914D\u7F6E\u81EA\u52A8\u5220\u9664\uFF0Cmerge \u6210\u529F\u540E\u5C06\u81EA\u52A8\u6E05\u7406 worktree \u548C\u5206\u652F: ${branchName}`);
+    printInfo(MESSAGES.AUTO_DELETE_CONFIGURED(branchName));
     return true;
   }
-  return confirmAction(`\u662F\u5426\u5220\u9664\u5BF9\u5E94\u7684 worktree \u548C\u5206\u652F (${branchName})\uFF1F`, true);
+  return confirmAction(MESSAGES.CONFIRM_DELETE_WORKTREE_BRANCH(branchName), true);
 }
 function cleanupWorktreeAndBranch(worktreePath, branchName) {
   cleanupWorktrees([{ path: worktreePath, branch: branchName }]);
@@ -5506,7 +6829,7 @@ async function handleMerge(options) {
       return;
     }
   } else {
-    printInfo("\u5DF2\u8DF3\u8FC7\u81EA\u52A8 pull/push\uFF0C\u8BF7\u624B\u52A8\u6267\u884C git pull && git push");
+    printInfo(getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "Auto pull/push skipped, please run git pull && git push manually" : "\u5DF2\u8DF3\u8FC7\u81EA\u52A8 pull/push\uFF0C\u8BF7\u624B\u52A8\u6267\u884C git pull && git push");
   }
   if (options.message) {
     printSuccess(MESSAGES.MERGE_SUCCESS(branch, options.message, autoPullPush));
@@ -5524,16 +6847,16 @@ async function handleMerge(options) {
 
 // src/commands/config.ts
 function registerConfigCommand(program2) {
-  const configCmd = program2.command("config").description("\u4EA4\u4E92\u5F0F\u67E5\u770B\u548C\u4FEE\u6539\u5168\u5C40\u914D\u7F6E").action(async () => {
+  const configCmd = program2.command("config").description(getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "Interactively view and modify global configuration" : "\u4EA4\u4E92\u5F0F\u67E5\u770B\u548C\u4FEE\u6539\u5168\u5C40\u914D\u7F6E").action(async () => {
     await handleConfigSet();
   });
-  configCmd.command("reset").description("\u5C06\u914D\u7F6E\u6062\u590D\u4E3A\u9ED8\u8BA4\u503C").action(async () => {
+  configCmd.command("reset").description(getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "Reset configuration to default values" : "\u5C06\u914D\u7F6E\u6062\u590D\u4E3A\u9ED8\u8BA4\u503C").action(async () => {
     await handleConfigReset();
   });
-  configCmd.command("set [key] [value]").description("\u4FEE\u6539\u914D\u7F6E\u9879\uFF08\u65E0\u53C2\u6570\u8FDB\u5165\u4EA4\u4E92\u5F0F\u914D\u7F6E\uFF09").action(async (key, value) => {
+  configCmd.command("set [key] [value]").description(getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "Modify configuration (enter interactive mode without arguments)" : "\u4FEE\u6539\u914D\u7F6E\u9879\uFF08\u65E0\u53C2\u6570\u8FDB\u5165\u4EA4\u4E92\u5F0F\u914D\u7F6E\uFF09").action(async (key, value) => {
     await handleConfigSet(key, value);
   });
-  configCmd.command("get <key>").description("\u83B7\u53D6\u5355\u4E2A\u914D\u7F6E\u9879\u7684\u503C").action((key) => {
+  configCmd.command("get <key>").description(getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "Get the value of a single configuration item" : "\u83B7\u53D6\u5355\u4E2A\u914D\u7F6E\u9879\u7684\u503C").action((key) => {
     handleConfigGet(key);
   });
 }
@@ -5541,13 +6864,14 @@ async function handleConfigReset() {
   logger.info("config reset \u547D\u4EE4\u6267\u884C\uFF0C\u6062\u590D\u9ED8\u8BA4\u914D\u7F6E");
   const confirmed = await confirmDestructiveAction(
     "config reset",
-    "\u5F53\u524D\u914D\u7F6E\u5C06\u88AB\u8986\u76D6\u4E3A\u9ED8\u8BA4\u503C"
+    MESSAGES.CONFIG_RESET_WARNING
   );
   if (!confirmed) {
     printInfo(MESSAGES.DESTRUCTIVE_OP_CANCELLED);
     return;
   }
   writeDefaultConfig();
+  resetLanguageCache();
   printSuccess(MESSAGES.CONFIG_RESET_SUCCESS);
 }
 async function handleConfigSet(key, value) {
@@ -5571,6 +6895,9 @@ async function handleConfigSet(key, value) {
   const config2 = loadConfig();
   config2[key] = result.value;
   saveConfig(config2);
+  if (key === "language") {
+    resetLanguageCache();
+  }
   logger.info(`config set \u547D\u4EE4\u6267\u884C\uFF0C\u8BBE\u7F6E ${key} = ${String(result.value)}`);
   printSuccess(MESSAGES.CONFIG_SET_SUCCESS(key, String(result.value)));
 }
@@ -5583,11 +6910,18 @@ async function handleInteractiveConfigSet() {
       disabledKeys[k] = CONFIG_ALIAS_DISABLED_HINT;
     }
   }
-  const { key, newValue } = await interactiveConfigEditor(config2, CONFIG_DEFINITIONS, {
+  const i18nDescriptions = getI18nConfigDescriptions();
+  const i18nDefinitions = Object.fromEntries(
+    Object.entries(CONFIG_DEFINITIONS).map(([k, def]) => [k, { ...def, description: i18nDescriptions[k] }])
+  );
+  const { key, newValue } = await interactiveConfigEditor(config2, i18nDefinitions, {
     disabledKeys
   });
   config2[key] = newValue;
   saveConfig(config2);
+  if (key === "language") {
+    resetLanguageCache();
+  }
   printSuccess(MESSAGES.CONFIG_SET_SUCCESS(key, String(newValue)));
 }
 function handleConfigGet(key) {
@@ -5603,7 +6937,7 @@ function handleConfigGet(key) {
 
 // src/commands/reset.ts
 function registerResetCommand(program2) {
-  program2.command("reset").description("\u91CD\u7F6E\u4E3B worktree \u5DE5\u4F5C\u533A\u548C\u6682\u5B58\u533A\uFF08\u4FDD\u7559 validate \u5FEB\u7167\uFF09").action(async () => {
+  program2.command("reset").description(getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "Reset main worktree working directory and staging area (preserves validate snapshots)" : "\u91CD\u7F6E\u4E3B worktree \u5DE5\u4F5C\u533A\u548C\u6682\u5B58\u533A\uFF08\u4FDD\u7559 validate \u5FEB\u7167\uFF09").action(async () => {
     await handleReset();
   });
 }
@@ -5615,7 +6949,7 @@ async function handleReset() {
     if (getConfigValue("confirmDestructiveOps")) {
       const confirmed = await confirmDestructiveAction(
         "git reset --hard + git clean -fd",
-        "\u4E22\u5F03\u6240\u6709\u672A\u63D0\u4EA4\u7684\u66F4\u6539"
+        getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "Discard all uncommitted changes" : "\u4E22\u5F03\u6240\u6709\u672A\u63D0\u4EA4\u7684\u66F4\u6539"
       );
       if (!confirmed) {
         printInfo(MESSAGES.DESTRUCTIVE_OP_CANCELLED);
@@ -5633,7 +6967,7 @@ async function handleReset() {
 // src/commands/status.ts
 import chalk11 from "chalk";
 function registerStatusCommand(program2) {
-  program2.command("status").description("\u663E\u793A\u9879\u76EE\u5168\u5C40\u72B6\u6001\u603B\u89C8\uFF08\u652F\u6301 --json \u683C\u5F0F\u8F93\u51FA\uFF09").option("--json", "\u4EE5 JSON \u683C\u5F0F\u8F93\u51FA").option("-i, --interactive", "\u4EA4\u4E92\u5F0F\u9762\u677F\u6A21\u5F0F").action(async (options) => {
+  program2.command("status").description(getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "Show project global status overview (supports --json output)" : "\u663E\u793A\u9879\u76EE\u5168\u5C40\u72B6\u6001\u603B\u89C8\uFF08\u652F\u6301 --json \u683C\u5F0F\u8F93\u51FA\uFF09").option("--json", getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "Output in JSON format" : "\u4EE5 JSON \u683C\u5F0F\u8F93\u51FA").option("-i, --interactive", getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "Interactive panel mode" : "\u4EA4\u4E92\u5F0F\u9762\u677F\u6A21\u5F0F").action(async (options) => {
     await handleStatus(options);
   });
 }
@@ -5777,12 +7111,13 @@ function printStatusAsText(result) {
   printDoubleSeparator();
 }
 function printMainSection(main2) {
+  const lang = getCurrentLanguage();
   printInfo(`  ${chalk11.bold("\u25C6")} ${chalk11.bold(MESSAGES.STATUS_MAIN_SECTION)}`);
-  printInfo(`    \u5206\u652F: ${chalk11.bold(main2.branch)}`);
+  printInfo(`    ${lang === "en" ? "Branch" : "\u5206\u652F"}: ${chalk11.bold(main2.branch)}`);
   if (main2.isClean) {
-    printInfo(`    \u72B6\u6001: ${chalk11.green("\u2713 \u5E72\u51C0")}`);
+    printInfo(`    ${lang === "en" ? "Status" : "\u72B6\u6001"}: ${chalk11.green(lang === "en" ? "\u2713 Clean" : "\u2713 \u5E72\u51C0")}`);
   } else {
-    printInfo(`    \u72B6\u6001: ${chalk11.yellow("\u2717 \u6709\u672A\u63D0\u4EA4\u4FEE\u6539")}`);
+    printInfo(`    ${lang === "en" ? "Status" : "\u72B6\u6001"}: ${chalk11.yellow(lang === "en" ? "\u2717 Uncommitted changes" : "\u2717 \u6709\u672A\u63D0\u4EA4\u4FEE\u6539")}`);
   }
   if (main2.configuredMainBranch !== null) {
     if (main2.configuredBranchExists === false) {
@@ -5796,7 +7131,8 @@ function printMainSection(main2) {
   printInfo("");
 }
 function printWorktreesSection(worktrees, total) {
-  printInfo(`  ${chalk11.bold("\u25C6")} ${chalk11.bold(MESSAGES.STATUS_WORKTREES_SECTION)} (${total} \u4E2A)`);
+  const lang = getCurrentLanguage();
+  printInfo(`  ${chalk11.bold("\u25C6")} ${chalk11.bold(MESSAGES.STATUS_WORKTREES_SECTION)} (${total} ${lang === "en" ? "items" : "\u4E2A"})`);
   printInfo("");
   if (worktrees.length === 0) {
     printInfo(`    ${MESSAGES.STATUS_NO_WORKTREES}`);
@@ -5807,18 +7143,19 @@ function printWorktreesSection(worktrees, total) {
   }
 }
 function printWorktreeItem(wt) {
+  const lang = getCurrentLanguage();
   const statusLabel = formatChangeStatusLabel2(wt.changeStatus);
   printInfo(`  ${chalk11.bold("\u25CF")} ${chalk11.bold(wt.branch)}   [${statusLabel}]`);
   if (wt.insertions > 0 || wt.deletions > 0) {
     printInfo(`    ${chalk11.green(`+${wt.insertions}`)} ${chalk11.red(`-${wt.deletions}`)}`);
   }
   if (wt.commitsAhead > 0) {
-    printInfo(`    ${chalk11.yellow(`${wt.commitsAhead} \u4E2A\u672C\u5730\u63D0\u4EA4`)}`);
+    printInfo(`    ${chalk11.yellow(lang === "en" ? `${wt.commitsAhead} local commit(s)` : `${wt.commitsAhead} \u4E2A\u672C\u5730\u63D0\u4EA4`)}`);
   }
   if (wt.commitsBehind > 0) {
-    printInfo(`    ${chalk11.yellow(`\u843D\u540E\u4E3B\u5206\u652F ${wt.commitsBehind} \u4E2A\u63D0\u4EA4`)}`);
+    printInfo(`    ${chalk11.yellow(lang === "en" ? `Behind main by ${wt.commitsBehind} commit(s)` : `\u843D\u540E\u4E3B\u5206\u652F ${wt.commitsBehind} \u4E2A\u63D0\u4EA4`)}`);
   } else {
-    printInfo(`    ${chalk11.green("\u4E0E\u4E3B\u5206\u652F\u540C\u6B65")}`);
+    printInfo(`    ${chalk11.green(lang === "en" ? "In sync with main" : "\u4E0E\u4E3B\u5206\u652F\u540C\u6B65")}`);
   }
   if (wt.createdAt) {
     const relativeTime = formatRelativeTime(wt.createdAt);
@@ -5849,7 +7186,8 @@ function formatChangeStatusLabel2(status) {
   }
 }
 function printSnapshotsSection(snapshots) {
-  printInfo(`  ${chalk11.bold("\u25C6")} ${chalk11.bold(MESSAGES.STATUS_SNAPSHOTS_SECTION)} (${snapshots.total} \u4E2A)`);
+  const lang = getCurrentLanguage();
+  printInfo(`  ${chalk11.bold("\u25C6")} ${chalk11.bold(MESSAGES.STATUS_SNAPSHOTS_SECTION)} (${snapshots.total} ${lang === "en" ? "items" : "\u4E2A"})`);
   if (snapshots.orphaned > 0) {
     printInfo(`    ${chalk11.yellow(MESSAGES.STATUS_SNAPSHOT_ORPHANED(snapshots.orphaned))}`);
   }
@@ -5910,16 +7248,16 @@ function handleAliasRemove(alias) {
   printSuccess(MESSAGES.ALIAS_REMOVE_SUCCESS(alias));
 }
 function registerAliasCommand(program2) {
-  const aliasCmd = program2.command("alias").description("\u7BA1\u7406\u547D\u4EE4\u522B\u540D\uFF08\u5217\u51FA / \u8BBE\u7F6E / \u79FB\u9664\uFF09").action(() => {
+  const aliasCmd = program2.command("alias").description(getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "Manage command aliases (list / set / remove)" : "\u7BA1\u7406\u547D\u4EE4\u522B\u540D\uFF08\u5217\u51FA / \u8BBE\u7F6E / \u79FB\u9664\uFF09").action(() => {
     handleAliasList();
   });
-  aliasCmd.command("list").description("\u5217\u51FA\u6240\u6709\u522B\u540D").action(() => {
+  aliasCmd.command("list").description(getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "List all aliases" : "\u5217\u51FA\u6240\u6709\u522B\u540D").action(() => {
     handleAliasList();
   });
-  aliasCmd.command("set <alias> <command>").description("\u8BBE\u7F6E\u547D\u4EE4\u522B\u540D").action((alias, command) => {
+  aliasCmd.command("set <alias> <command>").description(getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "Set a command alias" : "\u8BBE\u7F6E\u547D\u4EE4\u522B\u540D").action((alias, command) => {
     handleAliasSet(program2, alias, command);
   });
-  aliasCmd.command("remove <alias>").description("\u79FB\u9664\u547D\u4EE4\u522B\u540D").action((alias) => {
+  aliasCmd.command("remove <alias>").description(getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "Remove a command alias" : "\u79FB\u9664\u547D\u4EE4\u522B\u540D").action((alias) => {
     handleAliasRemove(alias);
   });
 }
@@ -5929,7 +7267,7 @@ import { existsSync as existsSync11, readdirSync as readdirSync6, statSync as st
 import { join as join11 } from "path";
 import chalk13 from "chalk";
 function registerProjectsCommand(program2) {
-  program2.command("projects [name]").description("\u5C55\u793A\u6240\u6709\u9879\u76EE\u7684 worktree \u6982\u89C8\uFF0C\u6216\u67E5\u770B\u6307\u5B9A\u9879\u76EE\u7684 worktree \u8BE6\u60C5").option("--json", "\u4EE5 JSON \u683C\u5F0F\u8F93\u51FA").action((name, options) => {
+  program2.command("projects [name]").description(getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "Show worktree overview across projects, or view details for a specific project" : "\u5C55\u793A\u6240\u6709\u9879\u76EE\u7684 worktree \u6982\u89C8\uFF0C\u6216\u67E5\u770B\u6307\u5B9A\u9879\u76EE\u7684 worktree \u8BE6\u60C5").option("--json", getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "Output in JSON format" : "\u4EE5 JSON \u683C\u5F0F\u8F93\u51FA").action((name, options) => {
     handleProjects({ name, json: options.json });
   });
 }
@@ -6060,7 +7398,8 @@ function printProjectsOverviewAsText(result) {
   }
   printSeparator();
   printInfo("");
-  printInfo(`  \u5171 ${chalk13.bold(String(result.totalProjects))} \u4E2A\u9879\u76EE   ${chalk13.gray(MESSAGES.PROJECTS_TOTAL_DISK_USAGE(formatDiskSize(result.totalDiskUsage)))}`);
+  const lang = getCurrentLanguage();
+  printInfo(`  ${chalk13.bold(String(result.totalProjects))} ${lang === "en" ? "project(s)" : "\u4E2A\u9879\u76EE"}   ${chalk13.gray(MESSAGES.PROJECTS_TOTAL_DISK_USAGE(formatDiskSize(result.totalDiskUsage)))}`);
   printInfo("");
   printDoubleSeparator();
 }
@@ -6309,7 +7648,7 @@ function registerCompletionCommand(program2) {
   completionCommand.command("install").description(MESSAGES.COMPLETION_INSTALL_DESC).action(() => {
     installCompletions();
   });
-  completionCommand.command("_complete [args...]").allowUnknownOption().description("\u5185\u90E8\u4F7F\u7528\u7684\u52A8\u6001\u8865\u5168\u65B9\u6CD5\uFF0C\u4E0D\u5BF9\u5916\u516C\u5F00").action((args) => {
+  completionCommand.command("_complete [args...]").allowUnknownOption().description(getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "Internal dynamic completion method, not for public use" : "\u5185\u90E8\u4F7F\u7528\u7684\u52A8\u6001\u8865\u5168\u65B9\u6CD5\uFF0C\u4E0D\u5BF9\u5916\u516C\u5F00").action((args) => {
     if (!args || args.length < 2) return;
     generateCompletions(program2, args);
   });
@@ -6318,11 +7657,11 @@ function registerCompletionCommand(program2) {
 // src/commands/init.ts
 import { Command as Cmd } from "commander";
 function registerInitCommand(program2) {
-  const initCmd = program2.command("init").description("\u521D\u59CB\u5316\u9879\u76EE\u7EA7\u914D\u7F6E\uFF0C\u8BBE\u7F6E\u4E3B\u5DE5\u4F5C\u5206\u652F").option("-b, --branch <branchName>", "\u6307\u5B9A\u4E3B\u5DE5\u4F5C\u5206\u652F\u540D\uFF08\u9ED8\u8BA4\u4F7F\u7528\u5F53\u524D\u5206\u652F\uFF09").action(async (options) => {
+  const initCmd = program2.command("init").description(getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "Initialize project configuration and set the main work branch" : "\u521D\u59CB\u5316\u9879\u76EE\u7EA7\u914D\u7F6E\uFF0C\u8BBE\u7F6E\u4E3B\u5DE5\u4F5C\u5206\u652F").option("-b, --branch <branchName>", getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "Specify the main work branch name (defaults to current branch)" : "\u6307\u5B9A\u4E3B\u5DE5\u4F5C\u5206\u652F\u540D\uFF08\u9ED8\u8BA4\u4F7F\u7528\u5F53\u524D\u5206\u652F\uFF09").action(async (options) => {
     await handleInit(options);
   });
   initCmd.addCommand(
-    new Cmd("show").description("\u4EA4\u4E92\u5F0F\u67E5\u770B\u548C\u4FEE\u6539\u9879\u76EE\u914D\u7F6E\uFF08\u652F\u6301 --json \u683C\u5F0F\u8F93\u51FA\uFF09").option("--json", "\u4EE5 JSON \u683C\u5F0F\u8F93\u51FA").action(async (options) => {
+    new Cmd("show").description(getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "Interactively view and modify project configuration (supports --json output)" : "\u4EA4\u4E92\u5F0F\u67E5\u770B\u548C\u4FEE\u6539\u9879\u76EE\u914D\u7F6E\uFF08\u652F\u6301 --json \u683C\u5F0F\u8F93\u51FA\uFF09").option("--json", getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "Output in JSON format" : "\u4EE5 JSON \u683C\u5F0F\u8F93\u51FA").action(async (options) => {
       await handleInitShow(options);
     })
   );
@@ -6335,9 +7674,13 @@ async function handleInitShow(options) {
     return;
   }
   logger.info("init show \u547D\u4EE4\u6267\u884C\uFF0C\u8FDB\u5165\u4EA4\u4E92\u5F0F\u9879\u76EE\u914D\u7F6E");
+  const i18nDescriptions = getI18nProjectConfigDescriptions();
+  const i18nDefinitions = Object.fromEntries(
+    Object.entries(PROJECT_CONFIG_DEFINITIONS).map(([k, def]) => [k, { ...def, description: i18nDescriptions[k] }])
+  );
   const { key, newValue } = await interactiveConfigEditor(
     config2,
-    PROJECT_CONFIG_DEFINITIONS,
+    i18nDefinitions,
     { selectPrompt: MESSAGES.INIT_SELECT_PROMPT }
   );
   const mergedConfig = { ...config2, [key]: newValue };
@@ -6370,7 +7713,7 @@ async function handleInit(options) {
 
 // src/commands/home.ts
 function registerHomeCommand(program2) {
-  program2.command("home").description("\u5207\u6362\u56DE\u4E3B\u5DE5\u4F5C\u5206\u652F").action(async () => {
+  program2.command("home").description(getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "Switch back to the main work branch" : "\u5207\u6362\u56DE\u4E3B\u5DE5\u4F5C\u5206\u652F").action(async () => {
     await handleHome();
   });
 }
@@ -6399,8 +7742,8 @@ async function handleHome() {
 import { resolve as resolve4, dirname as dirname2, join as join13 } from "path";
 import { existsSync as existsSync14, writeFileSync as writeFileSync6 } from "fs";
 function registerTasksCommand(program2) {
-  const taskCmd = program2.command("tasks").description("\u4EFB\u52A1\u6587\u4EF6\u7BA1\u7406");
-  taskCmd.command("init").description("\u751F\u6210\u4EFB\u52A1\u6A21\u677F\u6587\u4EF6").argument("[path]", "\u8F93\u51FA\u6587\u4EF6\u8DEF\u5F84").action(async (path2) => {
+  const taskCmd = program2.command("tasks").description(getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "Task file management" : "\u4EFB\u52A1\u6587\u4EF6\u7BA1\u7406");
+  taskCmd.command("init").description(getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "Generate task template file" : "\u751F\u6210\u4EFB\u52A1\u6A21\u677F\u6587\u4EF6").argument("[path]", getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "Output file path" : "\u8F93\u51FA\u6587\u4EF6\u8DEF\u5F84").action(async (path2) => {
     const filePath = path2 ?? join13(TASK_TEMPLATE_OUTPUT_DIR, generateTaskFilename(TASK_TEMPLATE_FILENAME_PREFIX));
     await handleTasksInit(filePath);
   });
@@ -6412,7 +7755,7 @@ async function handleTasksInit(filePath) {
     throw new ClawtError(MESSAGES.TASK_INIT_FILE_EXISTS(filePath));
   }
   ensureDir(dirname2(absolutePath));
-  writeFileSync6(absolutePath, TASK_TEMPLATE_CONTENT, "utf-8");
+  writeFileSync6(absolutePath, getTaskTemplateContent(), "utf-8");
   printSuccess(MESSAGES.TASK_INIT_SUCCESS(filePath));
   printHint(MESSAGES.TASK_INIT_HINT(filePath));
 }
@@ -6422,7 +7765,7 @@ var require2 = createRequire(import.meta.url);
 var { version } = require2("../package.json");
 ensureClawtDirs();
 var program = new Command();
-program.name("clawt").description("\u672C\u5730\u5E76\u884C\u6267\u884C\u591A\u4E2AClaude Code Agent\u4EFB\u52A1\uFF0C\u878D\u5408 Git Worktree \u4E0E Claude Code CLI \u7684\u547D\u4EE4\u884C\u5DE5\u5177").version(version).option("--debug", "\u8F93\u51FA\u8BE6\u7EC6\u8C03\u8BD5\u4FE1\u606F\u5230\u7EC8\u7AEF").option("-y, --yes", "\u8DF3\u8FC7\u6240\u6709\u4EA4\u4E92\u5F0F\u786E\u8BA4\uFF0C\u9002\u7528\u4E8E\u811A\u672C/CI \u73AF\u5883");
+program.name("clawt").description(getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "Run multiple Claude Code Agent tasks in parallel \u2014 a CLI tool integrating Git Worktree with Claude Code CLI" : "\u672C\u5730\u5E76\u884C\u6267\u884C\u591A\u4E2AClaude Code Agent\u4EFB\u52A1\uFF0C\u878D\u5408 Git Worktree \u4E0E Claude Code CLI \u7684\u547D\u4EE4\u884C\u5DE5\u5177").version(version).option("--debug", getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "Output detailed debug information to terminal" : "\u8F93\u51FA\u8BE6\u7EC6\u8C03\u8BD5\u4FE1\u606F\u5230\u7EC8\u7AEF").option("-y, --yes", getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "Skip all interactive confirmations, suitable for scripts/CI environments" : "\u8DF3\u8FC7\u6240\u6709\u4EA4\u4E92\u5F0F\u786E\u8BA4\uFF0C\u9002\u7528\u4E8E\u811A\u672C/CI \u73AF\u5883");
 program.hook("preAction", (thisCommand) => {
   if (thisCommand.opts().debug) {
     enableConsoleTransport();
@@ -6457,7 +7800,7 @@ process.on("uncaughtException", (error) => {
     logger.error(error.message);
     process.exit(error.exitCode);
   }
-  printError(error.message || "\u672A\u77E5\u9519\u8BEF");
+  printError(error.message || (getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "Unknown error" : "\u672A\u77E5\u9519\u8BEF"));
   logger.error(`\u672A\u6355\u83B7\u5F02\u5E38: ${error.message}
 ${error.stack}`);
   process.exit(EXIT_CODES.ERROR);
@@ -6469,7 +7812,7 @@ process.on("unhandledRejection", (reason) => {
     logger.error(error.message);
     process.exit(error.exitCode);
   }
-  printError(error.message || "\u672A\u77E5\u9519\u8BEF");
+  printError(error.message || (getCurrentLanguage() === "en" ? "Unknown error" : "\u672A\u77E5\u9519\u8BEF"));
   logger.error(`\u672A\u5904\u7406\u7684 Promise \u62D2\u7EDD: ${error.message}`);
   process.exit(EXIT_CODES.ERROR);
 });