bonecode 1.0.0 → 1.2.0

package/src/engine/mcp/index.ts

@@ -1,958 +1,958 @@
-import { dynamicTool, type Tool, jsonSchema, type JSONSchema7 } from "ai"
-import { Client } from "@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/client/index.js"
-import { StreamableHTTPClientTransport } from "@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/client/streamableHttp.js"
-import { SSEClientTransport } from "@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/client/sse.js"
-import { StdioClientTransport } from "@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/client/stdio.js"
-import { UnauthorizedError } from "@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/client/auth.js"
-import {
-  CallToolResultSchema,
-  ListToolsResultSchema,
-  ToolSchema,
-  type Tool as MCPToolDef,
-  ToolListChangedNotificationSchema,
-} from "@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/types.js"
-import { Config } from "@/config/config"
-import { ConfigMCP } from "../config/mcp"
-import * as Log from "@opencode-ai/core/util/log"
-import { NamedError } from "@opencode-ai/core/util/error"
-import { Installation } from "../installation"
-import { InstallationVersion } from "@opencode-ai/core/installation/version"
-import { withTimeout } from "@/util/timeout"
-import { AppFileSystem } from "@opencode-ai/core/filesystem"
-import { McpOAuthProvider } from "./oauth-provider"
-import { McpOAuthCallback } from "./oauth-callback"
-import { McpAuth } from "./auth"
-import { BusEvent } from "../bus/bus-event"
-import { Bus } from "@/bus"
-import { TuiEvent } from "@/cli/cmd/tui/event"
-import open from "open"
-import { Effect, Exit, Layer, Option, Context, Schema, Stream } from "effect"
-import { EffectBridge } from "@/effect/bridge"
-import { InstanceState } from "@/effect/instance-state"
-import { ChildProcess, ChildProcessSpawner } from "effect/unstable/process"
-import { CrossSpawnSpawner } from "@opencode-ai/core/cross-spawn-spawner"
-
-const log = Log.create({ service: "mcp" })
-const DEFAULT_TIMEOUT = 30_000
-
-const TolerantListToolsResultSchema = ListToolsResultSchema.extend({
-  tools: ToolSchema.omit({ outputSchema: true }).array(),
-})
-
-export const Resource = Schema.Struct({
-  name: Schema.String,
-  uri: Schema.String,
-  description: Schema.optional(Schema.String),
-  mimeType: Schema.optional(Schema.String),
-  client: Schema.String,
-}).annotate({ identifier: "McpResource" })
-export type Resource = Schema.Schema.Type<typeof Resource>
-
-export const ToolsChanged = BusEvent.define(
-  "mcp.tools.changed",
-  Schema.Struct({
-    server: Schema.String,
-  }),
-)
-
-export const BrowserOpenFailed = BusEvent.define(
-  "mcp.browser.open.failed",
-  Schema.Struct({
-    mcpName: Schema.String,
-    url: Schema.String,
-  }),
-)
-
-export const Failed = NamedError.create("MCPFailed", {
-  name: Schema.String,
-})
-
-type MCPClient = Client
-
-const StatusConnected = Schema.Struct({ status: Schema.Literal("connected") }).annotate({
-  identifier: "MCPStatusConnected",
-})
-const StatusDisabled = Schema.Struct({ status: Schema.Literal("disabled") }).annotate({
-  identifier: "MCPStatusDisabled",
-})
-const StatusFailed = Schema.Struct({ status: Schema.Literal("failed"), error: Schema.String }).annotate({
-  identifier: "MCPStatusFailed",
-})
-const StatusNeedsAuth = Schema.Struct({ status: Schema.Literal("needs_auth") }).annotate({
-  identifier: "MCPStatusNeedsAuth",
-})
-const StatusNeedsClientRegistration = Schema.Struct({
-  status: Schema.Literal("needs_client_registration"),
-  error: Schema.String,
-}).annotate({ identifier: "MCPStatusNeedsClientRegistration" })
-
-export const Status = Schema.Union([
-  StatusConnected,
-  StatusDisabled,
-  StatusFailed,
-  StatusNeedsAuth,
-  StatusNeedsClientRegistration,
-]).annotate({ identifier: "MCPStatus", discriminator: "status" })
-export type Status = Schema.Schema.Type<typeof Status>
-
-// Store transports for OAuth servers to allow finishing auth
-type TransportWithAuth = StreamableHTTPClientTransport | SSEClientTransport
-const pendingOAuthTransports = new Map<string, TransportWithAuth>()
-
-// Prompt cache types
-type PromptInfo = Awaited<ReturnType<MCPClient["listPrompts"]>>["prompts"][number]
-type ResourceInfo = Awaited<ReturnType<MCPClient["listResources"]>>["resources"][number]
-type McpEntry = NonNullable<Config.Info["mcp"]>[string]
-
-function isMcpConfigured(entry: McpEntry): entry is ConfigMCP.Info {
-  return typeof entry === "object" && entry !== null && "type" in entry
-}
-
-const sanitize = (s: string) => s.replace(/[^a-zA-Z0-9_-]/g, "_")
-
-function remoteURL(key: string, value: string) {
-  if (URL.canParse(value)) return new URL(value)
-  log.warn("invalid remote mcp url", { key })
-}
-
-function isOutputSchemaValidationError(error: Error) {
-  return /can't resolve reference|resolves to more than one schema|outputSchema|schema.*reference|reference.*schema/i.test(
-    error.message,
-  )
-}
-
-function listTools(key: string, client: MCPClient, timeout: number) {
-  return Effect.tryPromise({
-    try: () => client.listTools(undefined, { timeout }),
-    catch: (err) => (err instanceof Error ? err : new Error(String(err))),
-  }).pipe(
-    Effect.map((result) => result.tools),
-    Effect.catch((error) => {
-      if (!isOutputSchemaValidationError(error)) return Effect.fail(error)
-
-      log.warn("failed to validate MCP tool output schemas, retrying without output schema validation", { key, error })
-      return Effect.tryPromise({
-        try: () =>
-          client.request({ method: "tools/list" }, TolerantListToolsResultSchema, {
-            timeout,
-          }),
-        catch: (err) => (err instanceof Error ? err : new Error(String(err))),
-      }).pipe(
-        Effect.map((result) =>
-          result.tools.map((tool) => ({
-            name: tool.name,
-            description: tool.description,
-            inputSchema: tool.inputSchema,
-          })),
-        ),
-      )
-    }),
-  )
-}
-
-// Convert MCP tool definition to AI SDK Tool type
-function convertMcpTool(mcpTool: MCPToolDef, client: MCPClient, timeout?: number): Tool {
-  const inputSchema = mcpTool.inputSchema
-
-  // Spread first, then override type to ensure it's always "object"
-  const schema: JSONSchema7 = {
-    ...(inputSchema as JSONSchema7),
-    type: "object",
-    properties: (inputSchema.properties ?? {}) as JSONSchema7["properties"],
-    additionalProperties: false,
-  }
-
-  return dynamicTool({
-    description: mcpTool.description ?? "",
-    inputSchema: jsonSchema(schema),
-    execute: async (args: unknown) => {
-      return client.callTool(
-        {
-          name: mcpTool.name,
-          arguments: (args || {}) as Record<string, unknown>,
-        },
-        CallToolResultSchema,
-        {
-          resetTimeoutOnProgress: true,
-          timeout,
-        },
-      )
-    },
-  })
-}
-
-function defs(key: string, client: MCPClient, timeout?: number) {
-  return listTools(key, client, timeout ?? DEFAULT_TIMEOUT).pipe(
-    Effect.catch((err) => {
-      log.error("failed to get tools from client", { key, error: err })
-      return Effect.succeed(undefined)
-    }),
-  )
-}
-
-function fetchFromClient<T extends { name: string }>(
-  clientName: string,
-  client: Client,
-  listFn: (c: Client) => Promise<T[]>,
-  label: string,
-) {
-  return Effect.tryPromise({
-    try: () => listFn(client),
-    catch: (e: any) => {
-      log.error(`failed to get ${label}`, { clientName, error: e.message })
-      return e
-    },
-  }).pipe(
-    Effect.map((items) => {
-      const out: Record<string, T & { client: string }> = {}
-      const sanitizedClient = sanitize(clientName)
-      for (const item of items) {
-        out[sanitizedClient + ":" + sanitize(item.name)] = { ...item, client: clientName }
-      }
-      return out
-    }),
-    Effect.orElseSucceed(() => undefined),
-  )
-}
-
-interface CreateResult {
-  mcpClient?: MCPClient
-  status: Status
-  defs?: MCPToolDef[]
-}
-
-interface AuthResult {
-  authorizationUrl: string
-  oauthState: string
-  client?: MCPClient
-}
-
-// --- Effect Service ---
-
-interface State {
-  status: Record<string, Status>
-  clients: Record<string, MCPClient>
-  defs: Record<string, MCPToolDef[]>
-}
-
-export interface Interface {
-  readonly status: () => Effect.Effect<Record<string, Status>>
-  readonly clients: () => Effect.Effect<Record<string, MCPClient>>
-  readonly tools: () => Effect.Effect<Record<string, Tool>>
-  readonly prompts: () => Effect.Effect<Record<string, PromptInfo & { client: string }>>
-  readonly resources: () => Effect.Effect<Record<string, ResourceInfo & { client: string }>>
-  readonly add: (name: string, mcp: ConfigMCP.Info) => Effect.Effect<{ status: Record<string, Status> | Status }>
-  readonly connect: (name: string) => Effect.Effect<void>
-  readonly disconnect: (name: string) => Effect.Effect<void>
-  readonly getPrompt: (
-    clientName: string,
-    name: string,
-    args?: Record<string, string>,
-  ) => Effect.Effect<Awaited<ReturnType<MCPClient["getPrompt"]>> | undefined>
-  readonly readResource: (
-    clientName: string,
-    resourceUri: string,
-  ) => Effect.Effect<Awaited<ReturnType<MCPClient["readResource"]>> | undefined>
-  readonly startAuth: (mcpName: string) => Effect.Effect<{ authorizationUrl: string; oauthState: string }>
-  readonly authenticate: (mcpName: string) => Effect.Effect<Status>
-  readonly finishAuth: (mcpName: string, authorizationCode: string) => Effect.Effect<Status>
-  readonly removeAuth: (mcpName: string) => Effect.Effect<void>
-  readonly supportsOAuth: (mcpName: string) => Effect.Effect<boolean>
-  readonly hasStoredTokens: (mcpName: string) => Effect.Effect<boolean>
-  readonly getAuthStatus: (mcpName: string) => Effect.Effect<AuthStatus>
-}
-
-export class Service extends Context.Service<Service, Interface>()("@opencode/MCP") {}
-
-export const layer = Layer.effect(
-  Service,
-  Effect.gen(function* () {
-    const spawner = yield* ChildProcessSpawner.ChildProcessSpawner
-    const auth = yield* McpAuth.Service
-    const bus = yield* Bus.Service
-
-    type Transport = StdioClientTransport | StreamableHTTPClientTransport | SSEClientTransport
-
-    /**
-     * Connect a client via the given transport with resource safety:
-     * on failure the transport is closed; on success the caller owns it.
-     */
-    const connectTransport = (transport: Transport, timeout: number) =>
-      Effect.acquireUseRelease(
-        Effect.succeed(transport),
-        (t) =>
-          Effect.tryPromise({
-            try: () => {
-              const client = new Client({ name: "opencode", version: InstallationVersion })
-              return withTimeout(client.connect(t), timeout).then(() => client)
-            },
-            catch: (e) => (e instanceof Error ? e : new Error(String(e))),
-          }),
-        (t, exit) => (Exit.isFailure(exit) ? Effect.tryPromise(() => t.close()).pipe(Effect.ignore) : Effect.void),
-      )
-
-    const DISABLED_RESULT: CreateResult = { status: { status: "disabled" } }
-
-    const connectRemote = Effect.fn("MCP.connectRemote")(function* (
-      key: string,
-      mcp: ConfigMCP.Info & { type: "remote" },
-    ) {
-      const oauthDisabled = mcp.oauth === false
-      const oauthConfig = typeof mcp.oauth === "object" ? mcp.oauth : undefined
-      const url = remoteURL(key, mcp.url)
-      if (!url) {
-        return {
-          client: undefined as MCPClient | undefined,
-          status: { status: "failed" as const, error: `Invalid MCP URL for "${key}"` },
-        }
-      }
-      let authProvider: McpOAuthProvider | undefined
-
-      if (!oauthDisabled) {
-        authProvider = new McpOAuthProvider(
-          key,
-          mcp.url,
-          {
-            clientId: oauthConfig?.clientId,
-            clientSecret: oauthConfig?.clientSecret,
-            scope: oauthConfig?.scope,
-            redirectUri: oauthConfig?.redirectUri,
-          },
-          {
-            onRedirect: async (url) => {
-              log.info("oauth redirect requested", { key, url: url.toString() })
-            },
-          },
-          auth,
-        )
-      }
-
-      const transports: Array<{ name: string; transport: TransportWithAuth }> = [
-        {
-          name: "StreamableHTTP",
-          transport: new StreamableHTTPClientTransport(url, {
-            authProvider,
-            requestInit: mcp.headers ? { headers: mcp.headers } : undefined,
-          }),
-        },
-        {
-          name: "SSE",
-          transport: new SSEClientTransport(url, {
-            authProvider,
-            requestInit: mcp.headers ? { headers: mcp.headers } : undefined,
-          }),
-        },
-      ]
-
-      const connectTimeout = mcp.timeout ?? DEFAULT_TIMEOUT
-      let lastStatus: Status | undefined
-
-      for (const { name, transport } of transports) {
-        const result = yield* connectTransport(transport, connectTimeout).pipe(
-          Effect.map((client) => ({ client, transportName: name })),
-          Effect.catch((error) => {
-            const lastError = error instanceof Error ? error : new Error(String(error))
-            const isAuthError =
-              error instanceof UnauthorizedError || (authProvider && lastError.message.includes("OAuth"))
-
-            if (isAuthError) {
-              log.info("mcp server requires authentication", { key, transport: name })
-
-              if (lastError.message.includes("registration") || lastError.message.includes("client_id")) {
-                lastStatus = {
-                  status: "needs_client_registration" as const,
-                  error: "Server does not support dynamic client registration. Please provide clientId in config.",
-                }
-                return bus
-                  .publish(TuiEvent.ToastShow, {
-                    title: "MCP Authentication Required",
-                    message: `Server "${key}" requires a pre-registered client ID. Add clientId to your config.`,
-                    variant: "warning",
-                    duration: 8000,
-                  })
-                  .pipe(Effect.ignore, Effect.as(undefined))
-              } else {
-                pendingOAuthTransports.set(key, transport)
-                lastStatus = { status: "needs_auth" as const }
-                return bus
-                  .publish(TuiEvent.ToastShow, {
-                    title: "MCP Authentication Required",
-                    message: `Server "${key}" requires authentication. Run: opencode mcp auth ${key}`,
-                    variant: "warning",
-                    duration: 8000,
-                  })
-                  .pipe(Effect.ignore, Effect.as(undefined))
-              }
-            }
-
-            log.debug("transport connection failed", {
-              key,
-              transport: name,
-              url: mcp.url,
-              error: lastError.message,
-            })
-            lastStatus = { status: "failed" as const, error: lastError.message }
-            return Effect.succeed(undefined)
-          }),
-        )
-        if (result) {
-          log.info("connected", { key, transport: result.transportName })
-          return { client: result.client as MCPClient | undefined, status: { status: "connected" } as Status }
-        }
-        // If this was an auth error, stop trying other transports
-        if (lastStatus?.status === "needs_auth" || lastStatus?.status === "needs_client_registration") break
-      }
-
-      return {
-        client: undefined as MCPClient | undefined,
-        status: (lastStatus ?? { status: "failed", error: "Unknown error" }) as Status,
-      }
-    })
-
-    const connectLocal = Effect.fn("MCP.connectLocal")(function* (
-      key: string,
-      mcp: ConfigMCP.Info & { type: "local" },
-    ) {
-      const [cmd, ...args] = mcp.command
-      const cwd = yield* InstanceState.directory
-      const transport = new StdioClientTransport({
-        stderr: "pipe",
-        command: cmd,
-        args,
-        cwd,
-        env: {
-          ...process.env,
-          ...(cmd === "opencode" ? { BUN_BE_BUN: "1" } : {}),
-          ...mcp.environment,
-        },
-      })
-      transport.stderr?.on("data", (chunk: Buffer) => {
-        log.info(`mcp stderr: ${chunk.toString()}`, { key })
-      })
-
-      const connectTimeout = mcp.timeout ?? DEFAULT_TIMEOUT
-      return yield* connectTransport(transport, connectTimeout).pipe(
-        Effect.map((client): { client: MCPClient | undefined; status: Status } => ({
-          client,
-          status: { status: "connected" },
-        })),
-        Effect.catch((error): Effect.Effect<{ client: MCPClient | undefined; status: Status }> => {
-          const msg = error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error)
-          log.error("local mcp startup failed", { key, command: mcp.command, cwd, error: msg })
-          return Effect.succeed({ client: undefined, status: { status: "failed", error: msg } })
-        }),
-      )
-    })
-
-    const create = Effect.fn("MCP.create")(function* (key: string, mcp: ConfigMCP.Info) {
-      if (mcp.enabled === false) {
-        log.info("mcp server disabled", { key })
-        return DISABLED_RESULT
-      }
-
-      log.info("found", { key, type: mcp.type })
-
-      const { client: mcpClient, status } =
-        mcp.type === "remote"
-          ? yield* connectRemote(key, mcp as ConfigMCP.Info & { type: "remote" })
-          : yield* connectLocal(key, mcp as ConfigMCP.Info & { type: "local" })
-
-      if (!mcpClient) {
-        return { status } satisfies CreateResult
-      }
-
-      const listed = yield* defs(key, mcpClient, mcp.timeout)
-      if (!listed) {
-        yield* Effect.tryPromise(() => mcpClient.close()).pipe(Effect.ignore)
-        return { status: { status: "failed", error: "Failed to get tools" } } satisfies CreateResult
-      }
-
-      log.info("create() successfully created client", { key, toolCount: listed.length })
-      return { mcpClient, status, defs: listed } satisfies CreateResult
-    })
-    const cfgSvc = yield* Config.Service
-
-    const descendants = Effect.fnUntraced(
-      function* (pid: number) {
-        if (process.platform === "win32") return [] as number[]
-        const pids: number[] = []
-        const queue = [pid]
-        while (queue.length > 0) {
-          const current = queue.shift()!
-          const handle = yield* spawner.spawn(ChildProcess.make("pgrep", ["-P", String(current)], { stdin: "ignore" }))
-          const text = yield* Stream.mkString(Stream.decodeText(handle.stdout))
-          yield* handle.exitCode
-          for (const tok of text.split("\n")) {
-            const cpid = parseInt(tok, 10)
-            if (!isNaN(cpid) && !pids.includes(cpid)) {
-              pids.push(cpid)
-              queue.push(cpid)
-            }
-          }
-        }
-        return pids
-      },
-      Effect.scoped,
-      Effect.catch(() => Effect.succeed([] as number[])),
-    )
-
-    function watch(s: State, name: string, client: MCPClient, bridge: EffectBridge.Shape, timeout?: number) {
-      client.setNotificationHandler(ToolListChangedNotificationSchema, async () => {
-        log.info("tools list changed notification received", { server: name })
-        if (s.clients[name] !== client || s.status[name]?.status !== "connected") return
-
-        const listed = await bridge.promise(defs(name, client, timeout))
-        if (!listed) return
-        if (s.clients[name] !== client || s.status[name]?.status !== "connected") return
-
-        s.defs[name] = listed
-        await bridge.promise(bus.publish(ToolsChanged, { server: name }).pipe(Effect.ignore))
-      })
-    }
-
-    const state = yield* InstanceState.make<State>(
-      Effect.fn("MCP.state")(function* () {
-        const cfg = yield* cfgSvc.get()
-        const bridge = yield* EffectBridge.make()
-        const config = cfg.mcp ?? {}
-        const s: State = {
-          status: {},
-          clients: {},
-          defs: {},
-        }
-
-        yield* Effect.forEach(
-          Object.entries(config),
-          ([key, mcp]) =>
-            Effect.gen(function* () {
-              if (!isMcpConfigured(mcp)) {
-                log.error("Ignoring MCP config entry without type", { key })
-                return
-              }
-
-              if (mcp.enabled === false) {
-                s.status[key] = { status: "disabled" }
-                return
-              }
-
-              const result = yield* create(key, mcp).pipe(Effect.catch(() => Effect.void))
-              if (!result) return
-
-              s.status[key] = result.status
-              if (result.mcpClient) {
-                s.clients[key] = result.mcpClient
-                s.defs[key] = result.defs!
-                watch(s, key, result.mcpClient, bridge, mcp.timeout)
-              }
-            }),
-          { concurrency: "unbounded" },
-        )
-
-        yield* Effect.addFinalizer(() =>
-          Effect.gen(function* () {
-            yield* Effect.forEach(
-              Object.values(s.clients),
-              (client) =>
-                Effect.gen(function* () {
-                  const pid = client.transport instanceof StdioClientTransport ? client.transport.pid : null
-                  if (typeof pid === "number") {
-                    const pids = yield* descendants(pid)
-                    for (const dpid of pids) {
-                      try {
-                        process.kill(dpid, "SIGTERM")
-                      } catch {}
-                    }
-                  }
-                  yield* Effect.tryPromise(() => client.close()).pipe(Effect.ignore)
-                }),
-              { concurrency: "unbounded" },
-            )
-            pendingOAuthTransports.clear()
-          }),
-        )
-
-        return s
-      }),
-    )
-
-    function closeClient(s: State, name: string) {
-      const client = s.clients[name]
-      delete s.defs[name]
-      if (!client) return Effect.void
-      return Effect.tryPromise(() => client.close()).pipe(Effect.ignore)
-    }
-
-    const storeClient = Effect.fnUntraced(function* (
-      s: State,
-      name: string,
-      client: MCPClient,
-      listed: MCPToolDef[],
-      timeout?: number,
-    ) {
-      const bridge = yield* EffectBridge.make()
-      yield* closeClient(s, name)
-      s.status[name] = { status: "connected" }
-      s.clients[name] = client
-      s.defs[name] = listed
-      watch(s, name, client, bridge, timeout)
-      return s.status[name]
-    })
-
-    const status = Effect.fn("MCP.status")(function* () {
-      const s = yield* InstanceState.get(state)
-
-      const cfg = yield* cfgSvc.get()
-      const config = cfg.mcp ?? {}
-      const result: Record<string, Status> = {}
-
-      for (const [key, mcp] of Object.entries(config)) {
-        if (!isMcpConfigured(mcp)) continue
-        result[key] = s.status[key] ?? { status: "disabled" }
-      }
-
-      return result
-    })
-
-    const clients = Effect.fn("MCP.clients")(function* () {
-      const s = yield* InstanceState.get(state)
-      return s.clients
-    })
-
-    const createAndStore = Effect.fn("MCP.createAndStore")(function* (name: string, mcp: ConfigMCP.Info) {
-      const s = yield* InstanceState.get(state)
-      const result = yield* create(name, mcp)
-
-      s.status[name] = result.status
-      if (!result.mcpClient) {
-        yield* closeClient(s, name)
-        delete s.clients[name]
-        return result.status
-      }
-
-      return yield* storeClient(s, name, result.mcpClient, result.defs!, mcp.timeout)
-    })
-
-    const add = Effect.fn("MCP.add")(function* (name: string, mcp: ConfigMCP.Info) {
-      yield* createAndStore(name, mcp)
-      const s = yield* InstanceState.get(state)
-      return { status: s.status }
-    })
-
-    const connect = Effect.fn("MCP.connect")(function* (name: string) {
-      const mcp = yield* getMcpConfig(name)
-      if (!mcp) {
-        log.error("MCP config not found or invalid", { name })
-        return
-      }
-      yield* createAndStore(name, { ...mcp, enabled: true })
-    })
-
-    const disconnect = Effect.fn("MCP.disconnect")(function* (name: string) {
-      const s = yield* InstanceState.get(state)
-      yield* closeClient(s, name)
-      delete s.clients[name]
-      s.status[name] = { status: "disabled" }
-    })
-
-    const tools = Effect.fn("MCP.tools")(function* () {
-      const result: Record<string, Tool> = {}
-      const s = yield* InstanceState.get(state)
-
-      const cfg = yield* cfgSvc.get()
-      const config = cfg.mcp ?? {}
-      const defaultTimeout = cfg.experimental?.mcp_timeout
-
-      const connectedClients = Object.entries(s.clients).filter(
-        ([clientName]) => s.status[clientName]?.status === "connected",
-      )
-
-      yield* Effect.forEach(
-        connectedClients,
-        ([clientName, client]) =>
-          Effect.gen(function* () {
-            const mcpConfig = config[clientName]
-            const entry = mcpConfig && isMcpConfigured(mcpConfig) ? mcpConfig : undefined
-
-            const listed = s.defs[clientName]
-            if (!listed) {
-              log.warn("missing cached tools for connected server", { clientName })
-              return
-            }
-
-            const timeout = entry?.timeout ?? defaultTimeout
-            for (const mcpTool of listed) {
-              result[sanitize(clientName) + "_" + sanitize(mcpTool.name)] = convertMcpTool(mcpTool, client, timeout)
-            }
-          }),
-        { concurrency: "unbounded" },
-      )
-      return result
-    })
-
-    function collectFromConnected<T extends { name: string }>(
-      s: State,
-      listFn: (c: Client) => Promise<T[]>,
-      label: string,
-    ) {
-      return Effect.forEach(
-        Object.entries(s.clients).filter(([name]) => s.status[name]?.status === "connected"),
-        ([clientName, client]) =>
-          fetchFromClient(clientName, client, listFn, label).pipe(Effect.map((items) => Object.entries(items ?? {}))),
-        { concurrency: "unbounded" },
-      ).pipe(Effect.map((results) => Object.fromEntries<T & { client: string }>(results.flat())))
-    }
-
-    const prompts = Effect.fn("MCP.prompts")(function* () {
-      const s = yield* InstanceState.get(state)
-      return yield* collectFromConnected(s, (c) => c.listPrompts().then((r) => r.prompts), "prompts")
-    })
-
-    const resources = Effect.fn("MCP.resources")(function* () {
-      const s = yield* InstanceState.get(state)
-      return yield* collectFromConnected(s, (c) => c.listResources().then((r) => r.resources), "resources")
-    })
-
-    const withClient = Effect.fnUntraced(function* <A>(
-      clientName: string,
-      fn: (client: MCPClient) => Promise<A>,
-      label: string,
-      meta?: Record<string, unknown>,
-    ) {
-      const s = yield* InstanceState.get(state)
-      const client = s.clients[clientName]
-      if (!client) {
-        log.warn(`client not found for ${label}`, { clientName })
-        return undefined
-      }
-      return yield* Effect.tryPromise({
-        try: () => fn(client),
-        catch: (e: any) => {
-          log.error(`failed to ${label}`, { clientName, ...meta, error: e?.message })
-          return e
-        },
-      }).pipe(Effect.orElseSucceed(() => undefined))
-    })
-
-    const getPrompt = Effect.fn("MCP.getPrompt")(function* (
-      clientName: string,
-      name: string,
-      args?: Record<string, string>,
-    ) {
-      return yield* withClient(clientName, (client) => client.getPrompt({ name, arguments: args }), "getPrompt", {
-        promptName: name,
-      })
-    })
-
-    const readResource = Effect.fn("MCP.readResource")(function* (clientName: string, resourceUri: string) {
-      return yield* withClient(clientName, (client) => client.readResource({ uri: resourceUri }), "readResource", {
-        resourceUri,
-      })
-    })
-
-    const getMcpConfig = Effect.fnUntraced(function* (mcpName: string) {
-      const cfg = yield* cfgSvc.get()
-      const mcpConfig = cfg.mcp?.[mcpName]
-      if (!mcpConfig || !isMcpConfigured(mcpConfig)) return undefined
-      return mcpConfig
-    })
-
-    const startAuth = Effect.fn("MCP.startAuth")(function* (mcpName: string) {
-      const mcpConfig = yield* getMcpConfig(mcpName)
-      if (!mcpConfig) throw new Error(`MCP server ${mcpName} not found or disabled`)
-      if (mcpConfig.type !== "remote") throw new Error(`MCP server ${mcpName} is not a remote server`)
-      if (mcpConfig.oauth === false) throw new Error(`MCP server ${mcpName} has OAuth explicitly disabled`)
-      const url = remoteURL(mcpName, mcpConfig.url)
-      if (!url) throw new Error(`Invalid MCP URL for "${mcpName}"`)
-
-      // OAuth config is optional - if not provided, we'll use auto-discovery
-      const oauthConfig = typeof mcpConfig.oauth === "object" ? mcpConfig.oauth : undefined
-
-      // Start the callback server with custom redirectUri if configured
-      yield* Effect.promise(() => McpOAuthCallback.ensureRunning(oauthConfig?.redirectUri))
-
-      const oauthState = Array.from(crypto.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(32)))
-        .map((b) => b.toString(16).padStart(2, "0"))
-        .join("")
-      yield* auth.updateOAuthState(mcpName, oauthState)
-      let capturedUrl: URL | undefined
-      const authProvider = new McpOAuthProvider(
-        mcpName,
-        mcpConfig.url,
-        {
-          clientId: oauthConfig?.clientId,
-          clientSecret: oauthConfig?.clientSecret,
-          scope: oauthConfig?.scope,
-          redirectUri: oauthConfig?.redirectUri,
-        },
-        {
-          onRedirect: async (url) => {
-            capturedUrl = url
-          },
-        },
-        auth,
-      )
-
-      const transport = new StreamableHTTPClientTransport(url, { authProvider })
-
-      return yield* Effect.tryPromise({
-        try: () => {
-          const client = new Client({ name: "opencode", version: InstallationVersion })
-          return client
-            .connect(transport)
-            .then(() => ({ authorizationUrl: "", oauthState, client }) satisfies AuthResult)
-        },
-        catch: (error) => error,
-      }).pipe(
-        Effect.catch((error) => {
-          if (error instanceof UnauthorizedError && capturedUrl) {
-            pendingOAuthTransports.set(mcpName, transport)
-            return Effect.succeed({ authorizationUrl: capturedUrl.toString(), oauthState } satisfies AuthResult)
-          }
-          return Effect.die(error)
-        }),
-      )
-    })
-
-    const authenticate = Effect.fn("MCP.authenticate")(function* (mcpName: string) {
-      const result = yield* startAuth(mcpName)
-      if (!result.authorizationUrl) {
-        const client = "client" in result ? result.client : undefined
-        const mcpConfig = yield* getMcpConfig(mcpName)
-        if (!mcpConfig) {
-          yield* Effect.tryPromise(() => client?.close() ?? Promise.resolve()).pipe(Effect.ignore)
-          return { status: "failed", error: "MCP config not found after auth" } as Status
-        }
-
-        const listed = client ? yield* defs(mcpName, client, mcpConfig.timeout) : undefined
-        if (!client || !listed) {
-          yield* Effect.tryPromise(() => client?.close() ?? Promise.resolve()).pipe(Effect.ignore)
-          return { status: "failed", error: "Failed to get tools" } as Status
-        }
-
-        const s = yield* InstanceState.get(state)
-        yield* auth.clearOAuthState(mcpName)
-        return yield* storeClient(s, mcpName, client, listed, mcpConfig.timeout)
-      }
-
-      log.info("opening browser for oauth", { mcpName, url: result.authorizationUrl, state: result.oauthState })
-
-      const callbackPromise = McpOAuthCallback.waitForCallback(result.oauthState, mcpName)
-
-      yield* Effect.tryPromise(() => open(result.authorizationUrl)).pipe(
-        Effect.flatMap((subprocess) =>
-          Effect.callback<void, Error>((resume) => {
-            const timer = setTimeout(() => resume(Effect.void), 500)
-            subprocess.on("error", (err) => {
-              clearTimeout(timer)
-              resume(Effect.fail(err))
-            })
-            subprocess.on("exit", (code) => {
-              if (code !== null && code !== 0) {
-                clearTimeout(timer)
-                resume(Effect.fail(new Error(`Browser open failed with exit code ${code}`)))
-              }
-            })
-          }),
-        ),
-        Effect.catch(() => {
-          log.warn("failed to open browser, user must open URL manually", { mcpName })
-          return bus.publish(BrowserOpenFailed, { mcpName, url: result.authorizationUrl }).pipe(Effect.ignore)
-        }),
-      )
-
-      const code = yield* Effect.promise(() => callbackPromise)
-
-      const storedState = yield* auth.getOAuthState(mcpName)
-      if (storedState !== result.oauthState) {
-        yield* auth.clearOAuthState(mcpName)
-        throw new Error("OAuth state mismatch - potential CSRF attack")
-      }
-      yield* auth.clearOAuthState(mcpName)
-      return yield* finishAuth(mcpName, code)
-    })
-
-    const finishAuth = Effect.fn("MCP.finishAuth")(function* (mcpName: string, authorizationCode: string) {
-      const transport = pendingOAuthTransports.get(mcpName)
-      if (!transport) throw new Error(`No pending OAuth flow for MCP server: ${mcpName}`)
-
-      const result = yield* Effect.tryPromise({
-        try: () => transport.finishAuth(authorizationCode).then(() => true as const),
-        catch: (error) => {
-          log.error("failed to finish oauth", { mcpName, error })
-          return error
-        },
-      }).pipe(Effect.option)
-
-      if (Option.isNone(result)) {
-        return { status: "failed", error: "OAuth completion failed" } as Status
-      }
-
-      yield* auth.clearCodeVerifier(mcpName)
-      pendingOAuthTransports.delete(mcpName)
-
-      const mcpConfig = yield* getMcpConfig(mcpName)
-      if (!mcpConfig) return { status: "failed", error: "MCP config not found after auth" } as Status
-
-      return yield* createAndStore(mcpName, mcpConfig)
-    })
-
-    const removeAuth = Effect.fn("MCP.removeAuth")(function* (mcpName: string) {
-      yield* auth.remove(mcpName)
-      McpOAuthCallback.cancelPending(mcpName)
-      pendingOAuthTransports.delete(mcpName)
-      log.info("removed oauth credentials", { mcpName })
-    })
-
-    const supportsOAuth = Effect.fn("MCP.supportsOAuth")(function* (mcpName: string) {
-      const mcpConfig = yield* getMcpConfig(mcpName)
-      if (!mcpConfig) return false
-      return mcpConfig.type === "remote" && mcpConfig.oauth !== false
-    })
-
-    const hasStoredTokens = Effect.fn("MCP.hasStoredTokens")(function* (mcpName: string) {
-      const entry = yield* auth.get(mcpName)
-      return !!entry?.tokens
-    })
-
-    const getAuthStatus = Effect.fn("MCP.getAuthStatus")(function* (mcpName: string) {
-      const entry = yield* auth.get(mcpName)
-      if (!entry?.tokens) return "not_authenticated" as AuthStatus
-      const expired = yield* auth.isTokenExpired(mcpName)
-      return (expired ? "expired" : "authenticated") as AuthStatus
-    })
-
-    return Service.of({
-      status,
-      clients,
-      tools,
-      prompts,
-      resources,
-      add,
-      connect,
-      disconnect,
-      getPrompt,
-      readResource,
-      startAuth,
-      authenticate,
-      finishAuth,
-      removeAuth,
-      supportsOAuth,
-      hasStoredTokens,
-      getAuthStatus,
-    })
-  }),
-)
-
-export type AuthStatus = "authenticated" | "expired" | "not_authenticated"
-
-// --- Per-service runtime ---
-
-export const defaultLayer = layer.pipe(
-  Layer.provide(McpAuth.layer),
-  Layer.provide(Bus.layer),
-  Layer.provide(Config.defaultLayer),
-  Layer.provide(CrossSpawnSpawner.defaultLayer),
-  Layer.provide(AppFileSystem.defaultLayer),
-)
-
-export * as MCP from "."
+import { dynamicTool, type Tool, jsonSchema, type JSONSchema7 } from "ai"
+import { Client } from "@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/client/index.js"
+import { StreamableHTTPClientTransport } from "@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/client/streamableHttp.js"
+import { SSEClientTransport } from "@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/client/sse.js"
+import { StdioClientTransport } from "@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/client/stdio.js"
+import { UnauthorizedError } from "@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/client/auth.js"
+import {
+  CallToolResultSchema,
+  ListToolsResultSchema,
+  ToolSchema,
+  type Tool as MCPToolDef,
+  ToolListChangedNotificationSchema,
+} from "@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/types.js"
+import { Config } from "@/config/config"
+import { ConfigMCP } from "../config/mcp"
+import * as Log from "@opencode-ai/core/util/log"
+import { NamedError } from "@opencode-ai/core/util/error"
+import { Installation } from "../installation"
+import { InstallationVersion } from "@opencode-ai/core/installation/version"
+import { withTimeout } from "@/util/timeout"
+import { AppFileSystem } from "@opencode-ai/core/filesystem"
+import { McpOAuthProvider } from "./oauth-provider"
+import { McpOAuthCallback } from "./oauth-callback"
+import { McpAuth } from "./auth"
+import { BusEvent } from "../bus/bus-event"
+import { Bus } from "@/bus"
+import { TuiEvent } from "@/cli/cmd/tui/event"
+import open from "open"
+import { Effect, Exit, Layer, Option, Context, Schema, Stream } from "effect"
+import { EffectBridge } from "@/effect/bridge"
+import { InstanceState } from "@/effect/instance-state"
+import { ChildProcess, ChildProcessSpawner } from "effect/unstable/process"
+import { CrossSpawnSpawner } from "@opencode-ai/core/cross-spawn-spawner"
+
+const log = Log.create({ service: "mcp" })
+const DEFAULT_TIMEOUT = 30_000
+
+const TolerantListToolsResultSchema = ListToolsResultSchema.extend({
+  tools: ToolSchema.omit({ outputSchema: true }).array(),
+})
+
+export const Resource = Schema.Struct({
+  name: Schema.String,
+  uri: Schema.String,
+  description: Schema.optional(Schema.String),
+  mimeType: Schema.optional(Schema.String),
+  client: Schema.String,
+}).annotate({ identifier: "McpResource" })
+export type Resource = Schema.Schema.Type<typeof Resource>
+
+export const ToolsChanged = BusEvent.define(
+  "mcp.tools.changed",
+  Schema.Struct({
+    server: Schema.String,
+  }),
+)
+
+export const BrowserOpenFailed = BusEvent.define(
+  "mcp.browser.open.failed",
+  Schema.Struct({
+    mcpName: Schema.String,
+    url: Schema.String,
+  }),
+)
+
+export const Failed = NamedError.create("MCPFailed", {
+  name: Schema.String,
+})
+
+type MCPClient = Client
+
+const StatusConnected = Schema.Struct({ status: Schema.Literal("connected") }).annotate({
+  identifier: "MCPStatusConnected",
+})
+const StatusDisabled = Schema.Struct({ status: Schema.Literal("disabled") }).annotate({
+  identifier: "MCPStatusDisabled",
+})
+const StatusFailed = Schema.Struct({ status: Schema.Literal("failed"), error: Schema.String }).annotate({
+  identifier: "MCPStatusFailed",
+})
+const StatusNeedsAuth = Schema.Struct({ status: Schema.Literal("needs_auth") }).annotate({
+  identifier: "MCPStatusNeedsAuth",
+})
+const StatusNeedsClientRegistration = Schema.Struct({
+  status: Schema.Literal("needs_client_registration"),
+  error: Schema.String,
+}).annotate({ identifier: "MCPStatusNeedsClientRegistration" })
+
+export const Status = Schema.Union([
+  StatusConnected,
+  StatusDisabled,
+  StatusFailed,
+  StatusNeedsAuth,
+  StatusNeedsClientRegistration,
+]).annotate({ identifier: "MCPStatus", discriminator: "status" })
+export type Status = Schema.Schema.Type<typeof Status>
+
+// Store transports for OAuth servers to allow finishing auth
+type TransportWithAuth = StreamableHTTPClientTransport | SSEClientTransport
+const pendingOAuthTransports = new Map<string, TransportWithAuth>()
+
+// Prompt cache types
+type PromptInfo = Awaited<ReturnType<MCPClient["listPrompts"]>>["prompts"][number]
+type ResourceInfo = Awaited<ReturnType<MCPClient["listResources"]>>["resources"][number]
+type McpEntry = NonNullable<Config.Info["mcp"]>[string]
+
+function isMcpConfigured(entry: McpEntry): entry is ConfigMCP.Info {
+  return typeof entry === "object" && entry !== null && "type" in entry
+}
+
+const sanitize = (s: string) => s.replace(/[^a-zA-Z0-9_-]/g, "_")
+
+function remoteURL(key: string, value: string) {
+  if (URL.canParse(value)) return new URL(value)
+  log.warn("invalid remote mcp url", { key })
+}
+
+function isOutputSchemaValidationError(error: Error) {
+  return /can't resolve reference|resolves to more than one schema|outputSchema|schema.*reference|reference.*schema/i.test(
+    error.message,
+  )
+}
+
+function listTools(key: string, client: MCPClient, timeout: number) {
+  return Effect.tryPromise({
+    try: () => client.listTools(undefined, { timeout }),
+    catch: (err) => (err instanceof Error ? err : new Error(String(err))),
+  }).pipe(
+    Effect.map((result) => result.tools),
+    Effect.catch((error) => {
+      if (!isOutputSchemaValidationError(error)) return Effect.fail(error)
+
+      log.warn("failed to validate MCP tool output schemas, retrying without output schema validation", { key, error })
+      return Effect.tryPromise({
+        try: () =>
+          client.request({ method: "tools/list" }, TolerantListToolsResultSchema, {
+            timeout,
+          }),
+        catch: (err) => (err instanceof Error ? err : new Error(String(err))),
+      }).pipe(
+        Effect.map((result) =>
+          result.tools.map((tool) => ({
+            name: tool.name,
+            description: tool.description,
+            inputSchema: tool.inputSchema,
+          })),
+        ),
+      )
+    }),
+  )
+}
+
+// Convert MCP tool definition to AI SDK Tool type
+function convertMcpTool(mcpTool: MCPToolDef, client: MCPClient, timeout?: number): Tool {
+  const inputSchema = mcpTool.inputSchema
+
+  // Spread first, then override type to ensure it's always "object"
+  const schema: JSONSchema7 = {
+    ...(inputSchema as JSONSchema7),
+    type: "object",
+    properties: (inputSchema.properties ?? {}) as JSONSchema7["properties"],
+    additionalProperties: false,
+  }
+
+  return dynamicTool({
+    description: mcpTool.description ?? "",
+    inputSchema: jsonSchema(schema),
+    execute: async (args: unknown) => {
+      return client.callTool(
+        {
+          name: mcpTool.name,
+          arguments: (args || {}) as Record<string, unknown>,
+        },
+        CallToolResultSchema,
+        {
+          resetTimeoutOnProgress: true,
+          timeout,
+        },
+      )
+    },
+  })
+}
+
+function defs(key: string, client: MCPClient, timeout?: number) {
+  return listTools(key, client, timeout ?? DEFAULT_TIMEOUT).pipe(
+    Effect.catch((err) => {
+      log.error("failed to get tools from client", { key, error: err })
+      return Effect.succeed(undefined)
+    }),
+  )
+}
+
+function fetchFromClient<T extends { name: string }>(
+  clientName: string,
+  client: Client,
+  listFn: (c: Client) => Promise<T[]>,
+  label: string,
+) {
+  return Effect.tryPromise({
+    try: () => listFn(client),
+    catch: (e: any) => {
+      log.error(`failed to get ${label}`, { clientName, error: e.message })
+      return e
+    },
+  }).pipe(
+    Effect.map((items) => {
+      const out: Record<string, T & { client: string }> = {}
+      const sanitizedClient = sanitize(clientName)
+      for (const item of items) {
+        out[sanitizedClient + ":" + sanitize(item.name)] = { ...item, client: clientName }
+      }
+      return out
+    }),
+    Effect.orElseSucceed(() => undefined),
+  )
+}
+
+interface CreateResult {
+  mcpClient?: MCPClient
+  status: Status
+  defs?: MCPToolDef[]
+}
+
+interface AuthResult {
+  authorizationUrl: string
+  oauthState: string
+  client?: MCPClient
+}
+
+// --- Effect Service ---
+
+interface State {
+  status: Record<string, Status>
+  clients: Record<string, MCPClient>
+  defs: Record<string, MCPToolDef[]>
+}
+
+export interface Interface {
+  readonly status: () => Effect.Effect<Record<string, Status>>
+  readonly clients: () => Effect.Effect<Record<string, MCPClient>>
+  readonly tools: () => Effect.Effect<Record<string, Tool>>
+  readonly prompts: () => Effect.Effect<Record<string, PromptInfo & { client: string }>>
+  readonly resources: () => Effect.Effect<Record<string, ResourceInfo & { client: string }>>
+  readonly add: (name: string, mcp: ConfigMCP.Info) => Effect.Effect<{ status: Record<string, Status> | Status }>
+  readonly connect: (name: string) => Effect.Effect<void>
+  readonly disconnect: (name: string) => Effect.Effect<void>
+  readonly getPrompt: (
+    clientName: string,
+    name: string,
+    args?: Record<string, string>,
+  ) => Effect.Effect<Awaited<ReturnType<MCPClient["getPrompt"]>> | undefined>
+  readonly readResource: (
+    clientName: string,
+    resourceUri: string,
+  ) => Effect.Effect<Awaited<ReturnType<MCPClient["readResource"]>> | undefined>
+  readonly startAuth: (mcpName: string) => Effect.Effect<{ authorizationUrl: string; oauthState: string }>
+  readonly authenticate: (mcpName: string) => Effect.Effect<Status>
+  readonly finishAuth: (mcpName: string, authorizationCode: string) => Effect.Effect<Status>
+  readonly removeAuth: (mcpName: string) => Effect.Effect<void>
+  readonly supportsOAuth: (mcpName: string) => Effect.Effect<boolean>
+  readonly hasStoredTokens: (mcpName: string) => Effect.Effect<boolean>
+  readonly getAuthStatus: (mcpName: string) => Effect.Effect<AuthStatus>
+}
+
+export class Service extends Context.Service<Service, Interface>()("@opencode/MCP") {}
+
+export const layer = Layer.effect(
+  Service,
+  Effect.gen(function* () {
+    const spawner = yield* ChildProcessSpawner.ChildProcessSpawner
+    const auth = yield* McpAuth.Service
+    const bus = yield* Bus.Service
+
+    type Transport = StdioClientTransport | StreamableHTTPClientTransport | SSEClientTransport
+
+    /**
+     * Connect a client via the given transport with resource safety:
+     * on failure the transport is closed; on success the caller owns it.
+     */
+    const connectTransport = (transport: Transport, timeout: number) =>
+      Effect.acquireUseRelease(
+        Effect.succeed(transport),
+        (t) =>
+          Effect.tryPromise({
+            try: () => {
+              const client = new Client({ name: "opencode", version: InstallationVersion })
+              return withTimeout(client.connect(t), timeout).then(() => client)
+            },
+            catch: (e) => (e instanceof Error ? e : new Error(String(e))),
+          }),
+        (t, exit) => (Exit.isFailure(exit) ? Effect.tryPromise(() => t.close()).pipe(Effect.ignore) : Effect.void),
+      )
+
+    const DISABLED_RESULT: CreateResult = { status: { status: "disabled" } }
+
+    const connectRemote = Effect.fn("MCP.connectRemote")(function* (
+      key: string,
+      mcp: ConfigMCP.Info & { type: "remote" },
+    ) {
+      const oauthDisabled = mcp.oauth === false
+      const oauthConfig = typeof mcp.oauth === "object" ? mcp.oauth : undefined
+      const url = remoteURL(key, mcp.url)
+      if (!url) {
+        return {
+          client: undefined as MCPClient | undefined,
+          status: { status: "failed" as const, error: `Invalid MCP URL for "${key}"` },
+        }
+      }
+      let authProvider: McpOAuthProvider | undefined
+
+      if (!oauthDisabled) {
+        authProvider = new McpOAuthProvider(
+          key,
+          mcp.url,
+          {
+            clientId: oauthConfig?.clientId,
+            clientSecret: oauthConfig?.clientSecret,
+            scope: oauthConfig?.scope,
+            redirectUri: oauthConfig?.redirectUri,
+          },
+          {
+            onRedirect: async (url) => {
+              log.info("oauth redirect requested", { key, url: url.toString() })
+            },
+          },
+          auth,
+        )
+      }
+
+      const transports: Array<{ name: string; transport: TransportWithAuth }> = [
+        {
+          name: "StreamableHTTP",
+          transport: new StreamableHTTPClientTransport(url, {
+            authProvider,
+            requestInit: mcp.headers ? { headers: mcp.headers } : undefined,
+          }),
+        },
+        {
+          name: "SSE",
+          transport: new SSEClientTransport(url, {
+            authProvider,
+            requestInit: mcp.headers ? { headers: mcp.headers } : undefined,
+          }),
+        },
+      ]
+
+      const connectTimeout = mcp.timeout ?? DEFAULT_TIMEOUT
+      let lastStatus: Status | undefined
+
+      for (const { name, transport } of transports) {
+        const result = yield* connectTransport(transport, connectTimeout).pipe(
+          Effect.map((client) => ({ client, transportName: name })),
+          Effect.catch((error) => {
+            const lastError = error instanceof Error ? error : new Error(String(error))
+            const isAuthError =
+              error instanceof UnauthorizedError || (authProvider && lastError.message.includes("OAuth"))
+
+            if (isAuthError) {
+              log.info("mcp server requires authentication", { key, transport: name })
+
+              if (lastError.message.includes("registration") || lastError.message.includes("client_id")) {
+                lastStatus = {
+                  status: "needs_client_registration" as const,
+                  error: "Server does not support dynamic client registration. Please provide clientId in config.",
+                }
+                return bus
+                  .publish(TuiEvent.ToastShow, {
+                    title: "MCP Authentication Required",
+                    message: `Server "${key}" requires a pre-registered client ID. Add clientId to your config.`,
+                    variant: "warning",
+                    duration: 8000,
+                  })
+                  .pipe(Effect.ignore, Effect.as(undefined))
+              } else {
+                pendingOAuthTransports.set(key, transport)
+                lastStatus = { status: "needs_auth" as const }
+                return bus
+                  .publish(TuiEvent.ToastShow, {
+                    title: "MCP Authentication Required",
+                    message: `Server "${key}" requires authentication. Run: opencode mcp auth ${key}`,
+                    variant: "warning",
+                    duration: 8000,
+                  })
+                  .pipe(Effect.ignore, Effect.as(undefined))
+              }
+            }
+
+            log.debug("transport connection failed", {
+              key,
+              transport: name,
+              url: mcp.url,
+              error: lastError.message,
+            })
+            lastStatus = { status: "failed" as const, error: lastError.message }
+            return Effect.succeed(undefined)
+          }),
+        )
+        if (result) {
+          log.info("connected", { key, transport: result.transportName })
+          return { client: result.client as MCPClient | undefined, status: { status: "connected" } as Status }
+        }
+        // If this was an auth error, stop trying other transports
+        if (lastStatus?.status === "needs_auth" || lastStatus?.status === "needs_client_registration") break
+      }
+
+      return {
+        client: undefined as MCPClient | undefined,
+        status: (lastStatus ?? { status: "failed", error: "Unknown error" }) as Status,
+      }
+    })
+
+    const connectLocal = Effect.fn("MCP.connectLocal")(function* (
+      key: string,
+      mcp: ConfigMCP.Info & { type: "local" },
+    ) {
+      const [cmd, ...args] = mcp.command
+      const cwd = yield* InstanceState.directory
+      const transport = new StdioClientTransport({
+        stderr: "pipe",
+        command: cmd,
+        args,
+        cwd,
+        env: {
+          ...process.env,
+          ...(cmd === "opencode" ? { BUN_BE_BUN: "1" } : {}),
+          ...mcp.environment,
+        },
+      })
+      transport.stderr?.on("data", (chunk: Buffer) => {
+        log.info(`mcp stderr: ${chunk.toString()}`, { key })
+      })
+
+      const connectTimeout = mcp.timeout ?? DEFAULT_TIMEOUT
+      return yield* connectTransport(transport, connectTimeout).pipe(
+        Effect.map((client): { client: MCPClient | undefined; status: Status } => ({
+          client,
+          status: { status: "connected" },
+        })),
+        Effect.catch((error): Effect.Effect<{ client: MCPClient | undefined; status: Status }> => {
+          const msg = error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error)
+          log.error("local mcp startup failed", { key, command: mcp.command, cwd, error: msg })
+          return Effect.succeed({ client: undefined, status: { status: "failed", error: msg } })
+        }),
+      )
+    })
+
+    const create = Effect.fn("MCP.create")(function* (key: string, mcp: ConfigMCP.Info) {
+      if (mcp.enabled === false) {
+        log.info("mcp server disabled", { key })
+        return DISABLED_RESULT
+      }
+
+      log.info("found", { key, type: mcp.type })
+
+      const { client: mcpClient, status } =
+        mcp.type === "remote"
+          ? yield* connectRemote(key, mcp as ConfigMCP.Info & { type: "remote" })
+          : yield* connectLocal(key, mcp as ConfigMCP.Info & { type: "local" })
+
+      if (!mcpClient) {
+        return { status } satisfies CreateResult
+      }
+
+      const listed = yield* defs(key, mcpClient, mcp.timeout)
+      if (!listed) {
+        yield* Effect.tryPromise(() => mcpClient.close()).pipe(Effect.ignore)
+        return { status: { status: "failed", error: "Failed to get tools" } } satisfies CreateResult
+      }
+
+      log.info("create() successfully created client", { key, toolCount: listed.length })
+      return { mcpClient, status, defs: listed } satisfies CreateResult
+    })
+    const cfgSvc = yield* Config.Service
+
+    const descendants = Effect.fnUntraced(
+      function* (pid: number) {
+        if (process.platform === "win32") return [] as number[]
+        const pids: number[] = []
+        const queue = [pid]
+        while (queue.length > 0) {
+          const current = queue.shift()!
+          const handle = yield* spawner.spawn(ChildProcess.make("pgrep", ["-P", String(current)], { stdin: "ignore" }))
+          const text = yield* Stream.mkString(Stream.decodeText(handle.stdout))
+          yield* handle.exitCode
+          for (const tok of text.split("\n")) {
+            const cpid = parseInt(tok, 10)
+            if (!isNaN(cpid) && !pids.includes(cpid)) {
+              pids.push(cpid)
+              queue.push(cpid)
+            }
+          }
+        }
+        return pids
+      },
+      Effect.scoped,
+      Effect.catch(() => Effect.succeed([] as number[])),
+    )
+
+    function watch(s: State, name: string, client: MCPClient, bridge: EffectBridge.Shape, timeout?: number) {
+      client.setNotificationHandler(ToolListChangedNotificationSchema, async () => {
+        log.info("tools list changed notification received", { server: name })
+        if (s.clients[name] !== client || s.status[name]?.status !== "connected") return
+
+        const listed = await bridge.promise(defs(name, client, timeout))
+        if (!listed) return
+        if (s.clients[name] !== client || s.status[name]?.status !== "connected") return
+
+        s.defs[name] = listed
+        await bridge.promise(bus.publish(ToolsChanged, { server: name }).pipe(Effect.ignore))
+      })
+    }
+
+    const state = yield* InstanceState.make<State>(
+      Effect.fn("MCP.state")(function* () {
+        const cfg = yield* cfgSvc.get()
+        const bridge = yield* EffectBridge.make()
+        const config = cfg.mcp ?? {}
+        const s: State = {
+          status: {},
+          clients: {},
+          defs: {},
+        }
+
+        yield* Effect.forEach(
+          Object.entries(config),
+          ([key, mcp]) =>
+            Effect.gen(function* () {
+              if (!isMcpConfigured(mcp)) {
+                log.error("Ignoring MCP config entry without type", { key })
+                return
+              }
+
+              if (mcp.enabled === false) {
+                s.status[key] = { status: "disabled" }
+                return
+              }
+
+              const result = yield* create(key, mcp).pipe(Effect.catch(() => Effect.void))
+              if (!result) return
+
+              s.status[key] = result.status
+              if (result.mcpClient) {
+                s.clients[key] = result.mcpClient
+                s.defs[key] = result.defs!
+                watch(s, key, result.mcpClient, bridge, mcp.timeout)
+              }
+            }),
+          { concurrency: "unbounded" },
+        )
+
+        yield* Effect.addFinalizer(() =>
+          Effect.gen(function* () {
+            yield* Effect.forEach(
+              Object.values(s.clients),
+              (client) =>
+                Effect.gen(function* () {
+                  const pid = client.transport instanceof StdioClientTransport ? client.transport.pid : null
+                  if (typeof pid === "number") {
+                    const pids = yield* descendants(pid)
+                    for (const dpid of pids) {
+                      try {
+                        process.kill(dpid, "SIGTERM")
+                      } catch {}
+                    }
+                  }
+                  yield* Effect.tryPromise(() => client.close()).pipe(Effect.ignore)
+                }),
+              { concurrency: "unbounded" },
+            )
+            pendingOAuthTransports.clear()
+          }),
+        )
+
+        return s
+      }),
+    )
+
+    function closeClient(s: State, name: string) {
+      const client = s.clients[name]
+      delete s.defs[name]
+      if (!client) return Effect.void
+      return Effect.tryPromise(() => client.close()).pipe(Effect.ignore)
+    }
+
+    const storeClient = Effect.fnUntraced(function* (
+      s: State,
+      name: string,
+      client: MCPClient,
+      listed: MCPToolDef[],
+      timeout?: number,
+    ) {
+      const bridge = yield* EffectBridge.make()
+      yield* closeClient(s, name)
+      s.status[name] = { status: "connected" }
+      s.clients[name] = client
+      s.defs[name] = listed
+      watch(s, name, client, bridge, timeout)
+      return s.status[name]
+    })
+
+    const status = Effect.fn("MCP.status")(function* () {
+      const s = yield* InstanceState.get(state)
+
+      const cfg = yield* cfgSvc.get()
+      const config = cfg.mcp ?? {}
+      const result: Record<string, Status> = {}
+
+      for (const [key, mcp] of Object.entries(config)) {
+        if (!isMcpConfigured(mcp)) continue
+        result[key] = s.status[key] ?? { status: "disabled" }
+      }
+
+      return result
+    })
+
+    const clients = Effect.fn("MCP.clients")(function* () {
+      const s = yield* InstanceState.get(state)
+      return s.clients
+    })
+
+    const createAndStore = Effect.fn("MCP.createAndStore")(function* (name: string, mcp: ConfigMCP.Info) {
+      const s = yield* InstanceState.get(state)
+      const result = yield* create(name, mcp)
+
+      s.status[name] = result.status
+      if (!result.mcpClient) {
+        yield* closeClient(s, name)
+        delete s.clients[name]
+        return result.status
+      }
+
+      return yield* storeClient(s, name, result.mcpClient, result.defs!, mcp.timeout)
+    })
+
+    const add = Effect.fn("MCP.add")(function* (name: string, mcp: ConfigMCP.Info) {
+      yield* createAndStore(name, mcp)
+      const s = yield* InstanceState.get(state)
+      return { status: s.status }
+    })
+
+    const connect = Effect.fn("MCP.connect")(function* (name: string) {
+      const mcp = yield* getMcpConfig(name)
+      if (!mcp) {
+        log.error("MCP config not found or invalid", { name })
+        return
+      }
+      yield* createAndStore(name, { ...mcp, enabled: true })
+    })
+
+    const disconnect = Effect.fn("MCP.disconnect")(function* (name: string) {
+      const s = yield* InstanceState.get(state)
+      yield* closeClient(s, name)
+      delete s.clients[name]
+      s.status[name] = { status: "disabled" }
+    })
+
+    const tools = Effect.fn("MCP.tools")(function* () {
+      const result: Record<string, Tool> = {}
+      const s = yield* InstanceState.get(state)
+
+      const cfg = yield* cfgSvc.get()
+      const config = cfg.mcp ?? {}
+      const defaultTimeout = cfg.experimental?.mcp_timeout
+
+      const connectedClients = Object.entries(s.clients).filter(
+        ([clientName]) => s.status[clientName]?.status === "connected",
+      )
+
+      yield* Effect.forEach(
+        connectedClients,
+        ([clientName, client]) =>
+          Effect.gen(function* () {
+            const mcpConfig = config[clientName]
+            const entry = mcpConfig && isMcpConfigured(mcpConfig) ? mcpConfig : undefined
+
+            const listed = s.defs[clientName]
+            if (!listed) {
+              log.warn("missing cached tools for connected server", { clientName })
+              return
+            }
+
+            const timeout = entry?.timeout ?? defaultTimeout
+            for (const mcpTool of listed) {
+              result[sanitize(clientName) + "_" + sanitize(mcpTool.name)] = convertMcpTool(mcpTool, client, timeout)
+            }
+          }),
+        { concurrency: "unbounded" },
+      )
+      return result
+    })
+
+    function collectFromConnected<T extends { name: string }>(
+      s: State,
+      listFn: (c: Client) => Promise<T[]>,
+      label: string,
+    ) {
+      return Effect.forEach(
+        Object.entries(s.clients).filter(([name]) => s.status[name]?.status === "connected"),
+        ([clientName, client]) =>
+          fetchFromClient(clientName, client, listFn, label).pipe(Effect.map((items) => Object.entries(items ?? {}))),
+        { concurrency: "unbounded" },
+      ).pipe(Effect.map((results) => Object.fromEntries<T & { client: string }>(results.flat())))
+    }
+
+    const prompts = Effect.fn("MCP.prompts")(function* () {
+      const s = yield* InstanceState.get(state)
+      return yield* collectFromConnected(s, (c) => c.listPrompts().then((r) => r.prompts), "prompts")
+    })
+
+    const resources = Effect.fn("MCP.resources")(function* () {
+      const s = yield* InstanceState.get(state)
+      return yield* collectFromConnected(s, (c) => c.listResources().then((r) => r.resources), "resources")
+    })
+
+    const withClient = Effect.fnUntraced(function* <A>(
+      clientName: string,
+      fn: (client: MCPClient) => Promise<A>,
+      label: string,
+      meta?: Record<string, unknown>,
+    ) {
+      const s = yield* InstanceState.get(state)
+      const client = s.clients[clientName]
+      if (!client) {
+        log.warn(`client not found for ${label}`, { clientName })
+        return undefined
+      }
+      return yield* Effect.tryPromise({
+        try: () => fn(client),
+        catch: (e: any) => {
+          log.error(`failed to ${label}`, { clientName, ...meta, error: e?.message })
+          return e
+        },
+      }).pipe(Effect.orElseSucceed(() => undefined))
+    })
+
+    const getPrompt = Effect.fn("MCP.getPrompt")(function* (
+      clientName: string,
+      name: string,
+      args?: Record<string, string>,
+    ) {
+      return yield* withClient(clientName, (client) => client.getPrompt({ name, arguments: args }), "getPrompt", {
+        promptName: name,
+      })
+    })
+
+    const readResource = Effect.fn("MCP.readResource")(function* (clientName: string, resourceUri: string) {
+      return yield* withClient(clientName, (client) => client.readResource({ uri: resourceUri }), "readResource", {
+        resourceUri,
+      })
+    })
+
+    const getMcpConfig = Effect.fnUntraced(function* (mcpName: string) {
+      const cfg = yield* cfgSvc.get()
+      const mcpConfig = cfg.mcp?.[mcpName]
+      if (!mcpConfig || !isMcpConfigured(mcpConfig)) return undefined
+      return mcpConfig
+    })
+
+    const startAuth = Effect.fn("MCP.startAuth")(function* (mcpName: string) {
+      const mcpConfig = yield* getMcpConfig(mcpName)
+      if (!mcpConfig) throw new Error(`MCP server ${mcpName} not found or disabled`)
+      if (mcpConfig.type !== "remote") throw new Error(`MCP server ${mcpName} is not a remote server`)
+      if (mcpConfig.oauth === false) throw new Error(`MCP server ${mcpName} has OAuth explicitly disabled`)
+      const url = remoteURL(mcpName, mcpConfig.url)
+      if (!url) throw new Error(`Invalid MCP URL for "${mcpName}"`)
+
+      // OAuth config is optional - if not provided, we'll use auto-discovery
+      const oauthConfig = typeof mcpConfig.oauth === "object" ? mcpConfig.oauth : undefined
+
+      // Start the callback server with custom redirectUri if configured
+      yield* Effect.promise(() => McpOAuthCallback.ensureRunning(oauthConfig?.redirectUri))
+
+      const oauthState = Array.from(crypto.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(32)))
+        .map((b) => b.toString(16).padStart(2, "0"))
+        .join("")
+      yield* auth.updateOAuthState(mcpName, oauthState)
+      let capturedUrl: URL | undefined
+      const authProvider = new McpOAuthProvider(
+        mcpName,
+        mcpConfig.url,
+        {
+          clientId: oauthConfig?.clientId,
+          clientSecret: oauthConfig?.clientSecret,
+          scope: oauthConfig?.scope,
+          redirectUri: oauthConfig?.redirectUri,
+        },
+        {
+          onRedirect: async (url) => {
+            capturedUrl = url
+          },
+        },
+        auth,
+      )
+
+      const transport = new StreamableHTTPClientTransport(url, { authProvider })
+
+      return yield* Effect.tryPromise({
+        try: () => {
+          const client = new Client({ name: "opencode", version: InstallationVersion })
+          return client
+            .connect(transport)
+            .then(() => ({ authorizationUrl: "", oauthState, client }) satisfies AuthResult)
+        },
+        catch: (error) => error,
+      }).pipe(
+        Effect.catch((error) => {
+          if (error instanceof UnauthorizedError && capturedUrl) {
+            pendingOAuthTransports.set(mcpName, transport)
+            return Effect.succeed({ authorizationUrl: capturedUrl.toString(), oauthState } satisfies AuthResult)
+          }
+          return Effect.die(error)
+        }),
+      )
+    })
+
+    const authenticate = Effect.fn("MCP.authenticate")(function* (mcpName: string) {
+      const result = yield* startAuth(mcpName)
+      if (!result.authorizationUrl) {
+        const client = "client" in result ? result.client : undefined
+        const mcpConfig = yield* getMcpConfig(mcpName)
+        if (!mcpConfig) {
+          yield* Effect.tryPromise(() => client?.close() ?? Promise.resolve()).pipe(Effect.ignore)
+          return { status: "failed", error: "MCP config not found after auth" } as Status
+        }
+
+        const listed = client ? yield* defs(mcpName, client, mcpConfig.timeout) : undefined
+        if (!client || !listed) {
+          yield* Effect.tryPromise(() => client?.close() ?? Promise.resolve()).pipe(Effect.ignore)
+          return { status: "failed", error: "Failed to get tools" } as Status
+        }
+
+        const s = yield* InstanceState.get(state)
+        yield* auth.clearOAuthState(mcpName)
+        return yield* storeClient(s, mcpName, client, listed, mcpConfig.timeout)
+      }
+
+      log.info("opening browser for oauth", { mcpName, url: result.authorizationUrl, state: result.oauthState })
+
+      const callbackPromise = McpOAuthCallback.waitForCallback(result.oauthState, mcpName)
+
+      yield* Effect.tryPromise(() => open(result.authorizationUrl)).pipe(
+        Effect.flatMap((subprocess) =>
+          Effect.callback<void, Error>((resume) => {
+            const timer = setTimeout(() => resume(Effect.void), 500)
+            subprocess.on("error", (err) => {
+              clearTimeout(timer)
+              resume(Effect.fail(err))
+            })
+            subprocess.on("exit", (code) => {
+              if (code !== null && code !== 0) {
+                clearTimeout(timer)
+                resume(Effect.fail(new Error(`Browser open failed with exit code ${code}`)))
+              }
+            })
+          }),
+        ),
+        Effect.catch(() => {
+          log.warn("failed to open browser, user must open URL manually", { mcpName })
+          return bus.publish(BrowserOpenFailed, { mcpName, url: result.authorizationUrl }).pipe(Effect.ignore)
+        }),
+      )
+
+      const code = yield* Effect.promise(() => callbackPromise)
+
+      const storedState = yield* auth.getOAuthState(mcpName)
+      if (storedState !== result.oauthState) {
+        yield* auth.clearOAuthState(mcpName)
+        throw new Error("OAuth state mismatch - potential CSRF attack")
+      }
+      yield* auth.clearOAuthState(mcpName)
+      return yield* finishAuth(mcpName, code)
+    })
+
+    const finishAuth = Effect.fn("MCP.finishAuth")(function* (mcpName: string, authorizationCode: string) {
+      const transport = pendingOAuthTransports.get(mcpName)
+      if (!transport) throw new Error(`No pending OAuth flow for MCP server: ${mcpName}`)
+
+      const result = yield* Effect.tryPromise({
+        try: () => transport.finishAuth(authorizationCode).then(() => true as const),
+        catch: (error) => {
+          log.error("failed to finish oauth", { mcpName, error })
+          return error
+        },
+      }).pipe(Effect.option)
+
+      if (Option.isNone(result)) {
+        return { status: "failed", error: "OAuth completion failed" } as Status
+      }
+
+      yield* auth.clearCodeVerifier(mcpName)
+      pendingOAuthTransports.delete(mcpName)
+
+      const mcpConfig = yield* getMcpConfig(mcpName)
+      if (!mcpConfig) return { status: "failed", error: "MCP config not found after auth" } as Status
+
+      return yield* createAndStore(mcpName, mcpConfig)
+    })
+
+    const removeAuth = Effect.fn("MCP.removeAuth")(function* (mcpName: string) {
+      yield* auth.remove(mcpName)
+      McpOAuthCallback.cancelPending(mcpName)
+      pendingOAuthTransports.delete(mcpName)
+      log.info("removed oauth credentials", { mcpName })
+    })
+
+    const supportsOAuth = Effect.fn("MCP.supportsOAuth")(function* (mcpName: string) {
+      const mcpConfig = yield* getMcpConfig(mcpName)
+      if (!mcpConfig) return false
+      return mcpConfig.type === "remote" && mcpConfig.oauth !== false
+    })
+
+    const hasStoredTokens = Effect.fn("MCP.hasStoredTokens")(function* (mcpName: string) {
+      const entry = yield* auth.get(mcpName)
+      return !!entry?.tokens
+    })
+
+    const getAuthStatus = Effect.fn("MCP.getAuthStatus")(function* (mcpName: string) {
+      const entry = yield* auth.get(mcpName)
+      if (!entry?.tokens) return "not_authenticated" as AuthStatus
+      const expired = yield* auth.isTokenExpired(mcpName)
+      return (expired ? "expired" : "authenticated") as AuthStatus
+    })
+
+    return Service.of({
+      status,
+      clients,
+      tools,
+      prompts,
+      resources,
+      add,
+      connect,
+      disconnect,
+      getPrompt,
+      readResource,
+      startAuth,
+      authenticate,
+      finishAuth,
+      removeAuth,
+      supportsOAuth,
+      hasStoredTokens,
+      getAuthStatus,
+    })
+  }),
+)
+
+export type AuthStatus = "authenticated" | "expired" | "not_authenticated"
+
+// --- Per-service runtime ---
+
+export const defaultLayer = layer.pipe(
+  Layer.provide(McpAuth.layer),
+  Layer.provide(Bus.layer),
+  Layer.provide(Config.defaultLayer),
+  Layer.provide(CrossSpawnSpawner.defaultLayer),
+  Layer.provide(AppFileSystem.defaultLayer),
+)
+
+export * as MCP from "."