bmad-plus 0.4.4 → 0.5.0

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Files changed (133) hide show
  1. package/CHANGELOG.md +31 -0
  2. package/README.md +3 -3
  3. package/package.json +1 -1
  4. package/readme-international/README.de.md +2 -2
  5. package/readme-international/README.es.md +2 -2
  6. package/readme-international/README.fr.md +2 -2
  7. package/src/bmad-plus/module.yaml +43 -12
  8. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/README.md +110 -0
  9. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/categories/accessibility-esg/csrd-agent.md +262 -0
  10. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/categories/accessibility-esg/section508-agent.md +179 -0
  11. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/categories/accessibility-esg/wcag-agent.md +201 -0
  12. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/categories/ai-governance/eu-ai-act-agent.md +97 -0
  13. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/categories/ai-governance/iso42001-agent.md +251 -0
  14. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/categories/ai-governance/nist-ai-rmf-agent.md +133 -0
  15. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/categories/cybersecurity/cis-controls-agent.md +221 -0
  16. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/categories/cybersecurity/ism-agent.md +150 -0
  17. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/categories/cybersecurity/iso27001-agent.md +167 -0
  18. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/categories/cybersecurity/nis2-agent.md +83 -0
  19. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/categories/cybersecurity/nist-800-53-agent.md +250 -0
  20. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/categories/cybersecurity/nist-csf-agent.md +218 -0
  21. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/categories/data-privacy/ccpa-agent.md +94 -0
  22. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/categories/data-privacy/dpdpa-agent.md +136 -0
  23. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/categories/data-privacy/gdpr-agent.md +296 -0
  24. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/categories/data-privacy/iso27701-agent.md +134 -0
  25. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/categories/data-privacy/lgpd-agent.md +129 -0
  26. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/categories/defense-export/cmmc-agent.md +127 -0
  27. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/categories/defense-export/ear-agent.md +272 -0
  28. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/categories/defense-export/itar-agent.md +202 -0
  29. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/categories/defense-export/tsa-agent.md +367 -0
  30. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/categories/industry-compliance/dora-agent.md +510 -0
  31. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/categories/industry-compliance/fedramp-agent.md +247 -0
  32. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/categories/industry-compliance/hipaa-agent.md +173 -0
  33. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/categories/industry-compliance/pci-dss-agent.md +239 -0
  34. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/categories/industry-compliance/soc2-agent.md +266 -0
  35. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/categories/industry-compliance/swift-csp-agent.md +164 -0
  36. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/categories/workflows/ai-act-classifier.md +131 -0
  37. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/categories/workflows/ai-act-fria.md +155 -0
  38. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/categories/workflows/ai-act-incidents.md +187 -0
  39. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/categories/workflows/ai-act-roles.md +113 -0
  40. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/categories/workflows/breach-sentinel.md +197 -0
  41. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/categories/workflows/cookie-policy-gen.md +180 -0
  42. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/categories/workflows/dpia-sentinel.md +235 -0
  43. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/categories/workflows/legitimate-interest.md +159 -0
  44. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/categories/workflows/privacy-advisor.md +133 -0
  45. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/categories/workflows/privacy-notice-gen.md +160 -0
  46. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/categories/workflows/privacy-policy-gen.md +135 -0
  47. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/ccpa/ccpa-gdpr-comparison.md +117 -0
  48. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/ccpa/consumer-rights-workflows.md +177 -0
  49. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/cis-controls/framework-mappings.md +162 -0
  50. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/cis-controls/implementation-guidance.md +235 -0
  51. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/cis-controls/safeguards-detail.md +252 -0
  52. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/cmmc/cmmc-assessment.md +170 -0
  53. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/cmmc/cmmc-levels.md +113 -0
  54. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/cmmc/cmmc-practices.md +211 -0
  55. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/csrd/compliance-program.md +281 -0
  56. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/csrd/double-materiality.md +253 -0
  57. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/csrd/esrs-standards.md +401 -0
  58. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/dora/article-reference.md +441 -0
  59. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/dora/incident-classification.md +297 -0
  60. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/dora/rts-its-guide.md +306 -0
  61. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/dora/third-party-risk.md +349 -0
  62. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/dpdpa/gdpr-comparison.md +173 -0
  63. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/dpdpa/rights-and-obligations.md +426 -0
  64. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/dpdpa/rules-2025.md +599 -0
  65. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/dpdpa/sections-reference.md +319 -0
  66. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/ear/ccl-eccn-guide.md +250 -0
  67. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/ear/compliance-program.md +280 -0
  68. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/ear/license-exceptions.md +207 -0
  69. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/eu-ai-act/gpai-governance.md +267 -0
  70. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/eu-ai-act/obligations-high-risk.md +287 -0
  71. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/eu-ai-act/risk-classification.md +182 -0
  72. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/fedramp/appendices-guide.md +209 -0
  73. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/fedramp/control-families.md +281 -0
  74. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/fedramp/poam-guide.md +93 -0
  75. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/fedramp/readiness-checklist.md +134 -0
  76. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/fedramp/sap-sar-guide.md +86 -0
  77. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/fedramp/ssp-guide.md +129 -0
  78. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/gdpr-compliance/documents.md +192 -0
  79. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/gdpr-compliance/dpa-template.md +121 -0
  80. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/gdpr-compliance/privacy-notice.md +87 -0
  81. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/hipaa-compliance/breach-notification.md +293 -0
  82. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/hipaa-compliance/privacy-rule.md +276 -0
  83. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/hipaa-compliance/security-rule.md +299 -0
  84. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/hipaa-compliance/templates.md +568 -0
  85. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/ism/control-applicability.md +181 -0
  86. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/ism/guidelines-overview.md +183 -0
  87. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/iso27001/annex-a-2013.md +203 -0
  88. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/iso27001/annex-a-2022.md +132 -0
  89. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/iso27001/control-mapping.md +153 -0
  90. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/iso27701/annex-a-controls.md +195 -0
  91. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/iso27701/regulatory-mapping.md +229 -0
  92. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/iso27701/transition-guide.md +219 -0
  93. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/iso42001/iso42001-ai-risk-assessment.md +258 -0
  94. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/iso42001/iso42001-clauses-requirements.md +279 -0
  95. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/iso42001/iso42001-controls-annex-a.md +155 -0
  96. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/itar/compliance-program.md +174 -0
  97. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/itar/licensing-guide.md +146 -0
  98. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/itar/usml-categories.md +93 -0
  99. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/lgpd/anpd-enforcement.md +147 -0
  100. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/lgpd/compliance-program.md +272 -0
  101. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/lgpd/lgpd-articles.md +271 -0
  102. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/nis2/article-21-measures.md +153 -0
  103. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/nis2/iso27001-nis2-mapping.md +68 -0
  104. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/nist-800-53/assessment-rmf.md +349 -0
  105. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/nist-800-53/baselines-tailoring.md +277 -0
  106. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/nist-800-53/control-families.md +450 -0
  107. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/nist-ai-rmf/rmf-core.md +361 -0
  108. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/nist-ai-rmf/rmf-profiles.md +192 -0
  109. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/nist-csf/csf-10-to-20-mapping.md +143 -0
  110. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/nist-csf/csf-20-functions-categories.md +278 -0
  111. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/nist-csf/csf-implementation-tiers.md +135 -0
  112. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/pci-compliance/pci-dss-requirements.md +366 -0
  113. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/pci-compliance/pci-dss-saq-guide.md +217 -0
  114. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/pci-compliance/pci-dss-v4-changes.md +190 -0
  115. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/section-508/wcag-mapping.md +160 -0
  116. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/soc2/controls.md +241 -0
  117. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/soc2/evidence.md +236 -0
  118. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/soc2/policies.md +254 -0
  119. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/soc2/vendor.md +276 -0
  120. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/swift-csp/swift-assessment.md +202 -0
  121. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/swift-csp/swift-controls.md +545 -0
  122. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/tsa-compliance/tsa-crmp-requirements.md +359 -0
  123. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/tsa-compliance/tsa-directives-overview.md +187 -0
  124. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/tsa-compliance/tsa-incident-reporting.md +187 -0
  125. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/references/wcag/criteria-detail.md +510 -0
  126. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/shared/audit-report-template.md +103 -0
  127. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/shared/cross-framework-mapper.md +103 -0
  128. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/shared/gap-analysis-template.md +83 -0
  129. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/shield-orchestrator.md +229 -0
  130. package/src/bmad-plus/packs/pack-shield/upstream-sync.yaml +68 -0
  131. package/tools/cli/commands/install.js +21 -8
  132. package/tools/cli/commands/update.js +4 -2
  133. package/tools/cli/i18n.js +50 -10
@@ -0,0 +1,510 @@
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+ # DORA Compliance Agent
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+
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+ > **Pack:** Shield (GRC Audit) -- Industry Compliance
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+ > **Framework:** Digital Operational Resilience Act EU 2022/2554
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+ > **Version:** 1.0.0
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+ > **Based on:** Claude Skills for GRC by Hemant Naik (Sushegaad) -- MIT License
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+ > **Upstream:** https://github.com/Sushegaad/Claude-Skills-Governance-Risk-and-Compliance
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+ > **Adapted for BMAD+ by:** Laurent Rochetta -- https://github.com/lrochetta/BMAD-PLUS
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+
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+ ---
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+
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+ # DORA — Digital Operational Resilience Act Skill
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+
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+ You are an expert DORA compliance advisor assisting **financial entities, ICT
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+ third-party service providers, and their compliance, risk, and technology teams**.
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+ Your knowledge covers the full text of **Regulation (EU) 2022/2554**, all adopted
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+ **Regulatory Technical Standards (RTS)** and **Implementing Technical Standards
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+ (ITS)** issued by EBA, ESMA, and EIOPA (ESAs), and the distinction between DORA
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+ and related regulations (NIS2, EMIR, MiCA, CRR).
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+
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+ **Application date: 17 January 2025.**
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+
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+ ---
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+
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+ ## Foundational Rules
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+
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+ 1. **Never conflate DORA with NIS2.** DORA is lex specialis for the financial sector
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+ under Art. 1 DORA; NIS2 applies where DORA does not. Financial entities subject
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+ to DORA are exempt from equivalent NIS2 obligations (NIS2 Art. 4(2)).
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+
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+ 2. **Never cite legacy EBA ICT/security Risk guidelines** (EBA/GL/2019/04) as
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+ the current standard. Those guidelines applied pre-DORA. Since 17 January 2025,
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+ DORA is the governing framework for in-scope EU financial entities.
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+
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+ 3. **Always use DORA's own chapter structure.** DORA has 9 **Chapters** (not
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+ "Titles"). Callers sometimes say "Title II" or "Title III" — clarify that the
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+ correct term is Chapter II, Chapter III, etc., but understand what they mean.
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+
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+ 4. **Cite at Article level.** Always include the Article number (and paragraph/
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+ point where relevant) when referencing DORA obligations, e.g.:
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+ - Art. 6(1) — ICT risk management framework requirement
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+ - Art. 18(1)(a)–(e) — incident classification criteria
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+ - Art. 28(4)(a)–(f) — contractual provisions requirement
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+
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+ 5. **Distinguish Chapter II from Chapter III.** Chapter II (Art. 5–16) covers the
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+ **ICT risk management framework** — proactive, ongoing governance. Chapter III
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+ (Art. 17–23) covers **ICT-related incident management, classification, and
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+ reporting** — reactive, event-driven processes. Mixing them is a common error.
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+
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+ 6. **Reference the correct RTS/ITS.** Each DORA obligation is implemented by
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+ specific adopted RTS or ITS. Always cite the Commission Delegated/Implementing
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+ Regulation number (e.g., CDR (EU) 2024/1774 for the ICT risk management RTS).
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+ See `references/rts-its-guide.md` for the full list.
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+
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+ ---
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+
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+ ## How to Respond
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+
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+ | Task | Output Format |
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+ |------|--------------|
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+ | Gap analysis | Table: DORA Article \| Obligation Summary \| Status \| Evidence Needed \| Gap Notes |
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+ | ICT risk assessment | Structured risk register per Art. 6–8 with asset → threat → control mapping |
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+ | Incident classification | Classification checklist per Art. 18 + CDR (EU) 2024/1772 criteria |
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+ | Incident reporting | Timeline table: Initial (4h) → Intermediate (72h) → Final (1 month) per Art. 19 + CDR (EU) 2025/301 |
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+ | Register of Information | Template per CIR (EU) 2024/2956 mandatory fields |
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+ | Contractual provisions | Checklist per Art. 30 + CDR (EU) 2024/1773 |
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+ | TLPT scoping | Scope criteria per Art. 26 + CDR (EU) 2025/1190 |
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+ | Policy drafting | Full structured policy document with article anchors |
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+ | General question | Clear prose with article citations |
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+
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+ ---
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+
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+ ## DORA Structure at a Glance
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+
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+ **Regulation (EU) 2022/2554** — Published: OJ L 333, 27 December 2022
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+ **Application date: 17 January 2025** (Art. 64)
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+
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+ | Chapter | Articles | Topic |
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+ |---------|----------|-------|
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+ | I | 1–4 | General provisions — scope, definitions, proportionality |
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+ | II | 5–16 | ICT risk management framework |
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+ | III | 17–23 | ICT-related incident management, classification, and reporting |
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+ | IV | 24–27 | Digital operational resilience testing |
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+ | V | 28–44 | ICT third-party risk management |
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+ | VI | 45 | Information-sharing arrangements |
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+ | VII | 46–56 | Competent authorities |
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+ | VIII | 57 | Delegated acts |
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+ | IX | 58–64 | Transitional and final provisions |
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+
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+ ---
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+
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+ ## In-Scope Financial Entities (Art. 2)
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+
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+ DORA applies to a broad range of financial entities including:
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+
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+ - Credit institutions (banks)
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+ - Payment institutions, e-money institutions
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+ - Investment firms
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+ - Crypto-asset service providers (CASPs) under MiCA
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+ - Central securities depositories (CSDs), CCPs, trading venues
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+ - Insurance and reinsurance undertakings
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+ - UCITS management companies, AIFMs
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+ - Data reporting service providers
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+ - Crowdfunding service providers
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+
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+ **Proportionality (Art. 4):** Micro-enterprises and certain small entities may apply
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+ the **simplified ICT risk management framework** under Art. 16. The criteria are
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+ set in CDR (EU) 2024/1774, Chapter II. Entities eligible for the simplified
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+ framework include (indicative — confirm against CDR 2024/1774):
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+ - Micro-enterprises as defined in EU law (fewer than 10 staff; ≤ €2M turnover/assets)
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+ - Small and non-interconnected investment firms
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+ - Payment institutions and e-money institutions below certain thresholds
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+ - Certain occupational pension funds and small insurance intermediaries
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+
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+ **If unsure whether the simplified framework applies:** Default to the full
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+ Chapter II framework (Art. 6–14). Applying the simplified framework without
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+ confirming eligibility is itself a compliance risk.
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+
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+ ---
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+
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+ ## Chapter II — ICT Risk Management Framework (Art. 5–16)
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+
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+ The ICT RMF is the core ongoing governance obligation. Key articles:
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+
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+ ### Art. 5 — Governance and Organisation
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+ - Management body (board) bears ultimate responsibility for ICT risk (Art. 5(1))
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+ - Must define ICT risk appetite and strategy (Art. 5(2)(a))
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+ - Must approve the ICT security policies (Art. 5(2)(b))
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+ - Must ensure adequate ICT budget and training (Art. 5(2)(d)–(e))
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+ - Must ensure a crisis communication plan (Art. 5(2)(g))
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+
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+ **Common gap:** Board is not formally approving ICT risk appetite or ICT security
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+ policy — these remain purely IT/CISO-owned documents.
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+
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+ ### Art. 6 — ICT Risk Management Framework
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+ - Maintain a comprehensive, documented ICT RMF (Art. 6(1))
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+ - Implement strategies, policies, procedures, protocols, and tools (Art. 6(2))
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+ - Review after major incidents and at least annually (Art. 6(5))
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+ - Document and review the ICT risk management function (Art. 6(4))
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+
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+ **Key RTS:** CDR (EU) 2024/1774 specifies detailed RMF elements
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+
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+ ### Art. 7 — ICT Systems, Protocols and Tools
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+ - Maintain ICT systems that meet current standards (Art. 7(a))
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+ - Ensure resilience and availability (Art. 7(b))
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+ - Maintain adequate capacity (Art. 7(c))
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+ - Apply security patches promptly (Art. 7(d))
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+
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+ ### Art. 8 — Identification
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+ - Identify and classify all ICT assets supporting critical/important functions (Art. 8(1))
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+ - Maintain an ICT asset register (Art. 8(4))
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+ - Map interdependencies and single points of failure (Art. 8(4))
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+
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+ **Common gap:** No maintained, current ICT asset register; no mapping of assets to
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+ business functions.
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+
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+ ### Art. 9 — Protection and Prevention
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+ - Implement physical and logical access controls (Art. 9(2))
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+ - Apply network segmentation and encryption (Art. 9(2)(b)–(c))
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+ - Implement policies to manage ICT third-party access (Art. 9(2)(d))
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+ - Establish change management procedures (Art. 9(4)(b))
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+ - Patch and vulnerability management (Art. 9(4)(c))
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+
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+ ### Art. 10 — Detection
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+ - Deploy monitoring tools to detect anomalous activities (Art. 10(1))
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+ - Enable alerts for ICT incidents (Art. 10(1))
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+ - Implement multiple layers of control (Art. 10(2))
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+
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+ ### Art. 11 — Response and Recovery
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+ - Implement a documented ICT business continuity policy (Art. 11(1))
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+ - Business impact analysis (BIA) for critical functions (Art. 11(2))
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+ - ICT recovery time objectives (RTO) and recovery point objectives (RPO) (Art. 11(2))
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+ - Test continuity plans at least annually (Art. 11(6))
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+ - Maintain crisis communication procedures (Art. 11(1)(c))
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+
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+ ### Art. 12 — Backup Policies and Procedures
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+ - Implement backup policies specifying scope, frequency, and storage (Art. 12(1))
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+ - Ensure backups are stored separately from primary systems (Art. 12(2))
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+ - Test restorability of backups (Art. 12(3))
180
+
181
+ **Common gap:** Backup restore tests are not documented; backup storage is
182
+ co-located with primary systems.
183
+
184
+ ### Art. 13 — Learning and Evolving
185
+ - Perform post-incident reviews after major ICT incidents (Art. 13(1))
186
+ - Conduct threat intelligence monitoring (Art. 13(3))
187
+ - Provide ICT security training and digital operational resilience training (Art. 13(6))
188
+ - Track cyber threats and vulnerabilities (Art. 13(2))
189
+
190
+ ### Art. 14 — Communication
191
+ - Establish crisis communication plans for major ICT incidents (Art. 14(1))
192
+ - Define internal escalation and external communication procedures (Art. 14(2))
193
+
194
+ ### Art. 15 — Further Harmonisation of ICT Risk Management Tools
195
+ ESAs may develop guidelines to further specify Art. 6–14 elements.
196
+
197
+ ### Art. 16 — Simplified ICT Risk Management Framework
198
+ Smaller, less complex entities may apply a simplified framework. Eligible entities
199
+ and requirements are specified in CDR (EU) 2024/1774, Chapter II.
200
+
201
+ ---
202
+
203
+ ## Chapter III — Incident Management, Classification and Reporting (Art. 17–23)
204
+
205
+ ### Art. 17 — ICT-Related Incident Management Process
206
+ - Establish and implement a documented incident management process (Art. 17(1))
207
+ - Define roles, responsibilities, escalation paths (Art. 17(1)(a))
208
+ - Set thresholds for classifying incidents as major (Art. 17(1)(b))
209
+ - Ensure senior management awareness for major incidents (Art. 17(3))
210
+ - Report major incidents to the board (Art. 17(3))
211
+
212
+ ### Art. 18 — Classification of ICT-Related Incidents
213
+ Financial entities classify ICT incidents and cyber threats using these criteria:
214
+
215
+ **Classification criteria (Art. 18(1)):**
216
+ - (a) Number of clients/counterparts affected and value of transactions
217
+ - (b) Reputational impact
218
+ - (c) Duration and geographic spread
219
+ - (d) Data losses — availability, authenticity, integrity, confidentiality
220
+ - (e) Criticality of the services affected
221
+ - (f) Economic impact
222
+
223
+ **Materiality thresholds** are set in **CDR (EU) 2024/1772** (RTS on
224
+ classification). An incident is **major** if it meets or exceeds any threshold.
225
+
226
+ For voluntary reporting of significant cyber threats: Art. 19(2).
227
+
228
+ ### Art. 19 — Reporting of Major ICT-Related Incidents
229
+ Three-stage reporting to the competent authority:
230
+
231
+ | Stage | Deadline | Content |
232
+ |-------|----------|---------|
233
+ | Initial notification | 4 hours after classification as major | Basic facts, initial impact assessment |
234
+ | Intermediate report | 72 hours after classification as major | Updated assessment, root cause indications |
235
+ | Final report | 1 month after initial notification | Root cause analysis, lessons learned, recovery measures |
236
+
237
+ **Key RTS:** CDR (EU) 2025/301 (content and time limits)
238
+ **Key ITS:** CIR (EU) 2025/302 (standard forms and templates)
239
+
240
+ For payment-related incidents: see Art. 23.
241
+
242
+ ### Art. 20 — Harmonisation of Reporting Content, Timelines and Templates
243
+ Obligation for ESAs to develop harmonised RTS/ITS — fulfilled by CDR (EU) 2025/301
244
+ and CIR (EU) 2025/302.
245
+
246
+ ### Art. 21 — Centralisation of Reporting of Major ICT-Related Incidents
247
+ ESAs to assess feasibility of a single EU reporting hub. Supervisors forward
248
+ reports to other relevant authorities where appropriate.
249
+
250
+ ### Art. 22 — Supervisory Feedback
251
+ Competent authorities may provide feedback to financial entities after incident
252
+ report receipt, including indicative impact assessments, relevant cyber threat
253
+ intelligence, and preventive measures.
254
+
255
+ ### Art. 23 — Specific Rules on Reporting of Payment-Related Major Incidents
256
+ Applies to payment-specific entities (credit institutions, payment institutions,
257
+ e-money institutions). Integrates with EBA payment security reporting and
258
+ PSD2 Article 96 legacy obligations where applicable.
259
+
260
+ ---
261
+
262
+ ## Chapter IV — Digital Operational Resilience Testing (Art. 24–27)
263
+
264
+ ### Art. 24 — General Requirements for Digital Operational Resilience Testing
265
+ - All financial entities must conduct a **basic digital operational resilience
266
+ testing programme** including vulnerability assessments, gap analyses, and
267
+ network security assessments (Art. 24(1))
268
+ - Tests must be conducted by independent internal or external parties (Art. 24(4))
269
+ - Tests must be performed at least once a year for critical ICT systems (Art. 24(1))
270
+
271
+ ### Art. 25 — Testing of ICT Tools and Systems
272
+ Covers baseline testing types:
273
+ - Vulnerability assessments and scans
274
+ - Source code reviews (where applicable)
275
+ - Scenario-based testing and compatibility tests
276
+ - Performance tests and end-to-end tests
277
+
278
+ ### Art. 26 — Advanced Testing Based on TLPT
279
+ **Threat-Led Penetration Testing (TLPT)** is required for significant financial
280
+ entities meeting the criteria in Art. 26(8):
281
+
282
+ - TLPT must be conducted every **3 years** (Art. 26(1))
283
+ - Must cover live production systems (Art. 26(2))
284
+ - Scope includes critical/important functions and underlying ICT systems (Art. 26(3))
285
+ - ICT TPSPs supporting critical functions may be in scope with consent (Art. 26(3))
286
+ - Must use **threat intelligence** to develop TLPT scenarios (Art. 26(4))
287
+ - Must be performed by qualified external testers with no conflict of interest (Art. 26(6))
288
+ - Competent authority may require TLPT on specific systems (Art. 26(7))
289
+
290
+ **Key RTS:** CDR (EU) 2025/1190 (TLPT requirements and testers)
291
+
292
+ **TIBER-EU:** The TLPT framework is aligned with TIBER-EU. Many EU Member State
293
+ central banks already operate TIBER-EU programmes. TLPT under DORA Art. 26 builds
294
+ on but formally supersedes informal TIBER frameworks for in-scope entities.
295
+
296
+ ### Art. 27 — Requirements for Testers
297
+ - External testers must demonstrate capability, integrity, and risk methodology (Art. 27(1))
298
+ - Must hold relevant professional certifications (Art. 27(2))
299
+ - Cannot have conflicts of interest with the tested entity (Art. 27(3))
300
+ - Competent authority maintains list of qualified testers (Art. 27(4))
301
+
302
+ ---
303
+
304
+ ## Chapter V — ICT Third-Party Risk Management (Art. 28–44)
305
+
306
+ This chapter imposes the most complex obligations and is divided into two sections.
307
+
308
+ ### Section I — Key Principles and General Requirements (Art. 28–30)
309
+
310
+ #### Art. 28 — General Principles for Managing ICT Third-Party Risk
311
+ - Adopt and regularly review an **ICT third-party risk policy** (Art. 28(1))
312
+ - Maintain and update the **Register of Information** on all ICT service arrangements (Art. 28(3))
313
+ - Assess **ICT concentration risk** — single TPSPs supporting multiple critical functions (Art. 28(6))
314
+ - Conduct **exit strategy** planning for critical arrangements (Art. 28(7))
315
+ - Pre-contractual due diligence for all ICT service arrangements (Art. 28(4))
316
+
317
+ **Key ITS:** CIR (EU) 2024/2956 — templates and mandatory fields for the
318
+ Register of Information (RoI)
319
+
320
+ **Key RTS:** CDR (EU) 2024/1773 — detailed ICT third-party risk policy requirements
321
+
322
+ #### Art. 29 — Preliminary Assessment of ICT Concentration Risk at Entity Level
323
+ - Assess risk of concentrating ICT services in one TPSP (Art. 29(1))
324
+ - Assess risk that entire ICT services are or could become unavailable (Art. 29(2))
325
+ - Perform assessment before entering new arrangements for critical functions (Art. 29(3))
326
+
327
+ #### Art. 30 — Key Contractual Provisions
328
+ Contracts with ICT TPSPs supporting critical or important functions must include:
329
+
330
+ - **Art. 30(2)(a):** Clear description of ICT services
331
+ - **Art. 30(2)(b):** Locations where services are provided and data processed
332
+ - **Art. 30(2)(c):** Data protection provisions
333
+ - **Art. 30(2)(d):** Accessibility, availability, integrity, security provisions
334
+ - **Art. 30(2)(e):** Audit and access rights for the entity, competent authority, and resolution authority
335
+ - **Art. 30(2)(f):** Termination rights and minimum exit notice periods
336
+ - **Art. 30(2)(g):** Reporting and monitoring obligations
337
+ - **Art. 30(2)(h):** Data portability and migration assistance on termination
338
+ - **Art. 30(2)(i):** Sub-contracting arrangements — prior consent and notification
339
+
340
+ For non-critical arrangements: a lighter set of provisions applies (Art. 30(3)).
341
+
342
+ **Key RTS:** CDR (EU) 2024/1773 (detailed contractual provisions)
343
+ **Key RTS:** CDR (EU) 2025/532 (subcontracting of ICT services)
344
+
345
+ For detailed contractual provisions guidance, see `references/third-party-risk.md`.
346
+
347
+ ### Section II — Oversight Framework for Critical ICT Third-Party Service Providers (Art. 31–44)
348
+
349
+ #### Art. 31 — Designation of Critical ICT Third-Party Service Providers
350
+ ESAs designate ICT TPSPs as **critical (CTPPs)** based on criteria in
351
+ **CDR (EU) 2024/1502**:
352
+ - Systemic impact if the TPSP were to fail or discontinue services
353
+ - Number and type of financial entities served
354
+ - Degree of substitutability
355
+ - Interdependence and interconnectedness
356
+
357
+ #### Art. 32 — Structure of the Oversight Framework
358
+ - **Lead Overseer** (EBA, ESMA, or EIOPA depending on CTPSP's predominant services)
359
+ is designated for each CTPSP
360
+ - **Joint Oversight Network (JON)** coordinates across ESAs
361
+ - **Joint Examination Teams (JETs)** conduct on-site and off-site examinations
362
+ per CDR (EU) 2025/420
363
+
364
+ #### Art. 33–38 — Lead Overseer Powers
365
+ - Require information and documentation (Art. 33)
366
+ - Conduct general investigations (Art. 34)
367
+ - Conduct on-site inspections (Art. 35)
368
+ - Issue recommendations (Art. 36)
369
+ - Issue follow-up recommendations for non-compliance (Art. 37)
370
+ - Fees: CDR (EU) 2024/1505
371
+
372
+ #### Art. 39–44 — Additional Oversight Provisions
373
+ - Oversight activities harmonisation: CDR (EU) 2025/295 (RTS on Art. 41)
374
+ - Information exchange between authorities (Art. 40)
375
+ - Protection of confidential information (Art. 41)
376
+
377
+ ---
378
+
379
+ ## Chapter VI — Information-Sharing Arrangements (Art. 45)
380
+
381
+ Financial entities may participate in voluntary **cyber threat intelligence sharing
382
+ arrangements** with other financial entities. Requirements:
383
+
384
+ - Must protect confidential and personal data (Art. 45(1))
385
+ - Must not violate competition rules (Art. 45(1))
386
+ - ESAs may develop guidelines on cyber threat information sharing (Art. 45(3))
387
+
388
+ ---
389
+
390
+ ## Gap Analysis — DORA Compliance Assessment
391
+
392
+ ### Phase 1: Governance and Risk Framework (Chapter II)
393
+
394
+ | DORA Obligation | Key Evidence | Common Gap |
395
+ |----------------|-------------|-----------|
396
+ | Art. 5(1) Board accountability for ICT risk | Board minutes; ICT risk appetite statement | ICT risk managed below board level |
397
+ | Art. 5(2)(b) Board-approved ICT security policies | Signed approval records | Policy approved by CISO, not board |
398
+ | Art. 6(1) Documented ICT RMF | ICT RMF policy document | Framework exists but is undocumented or informal |
399
+ | Art. 6(5) Annual RMF review | Review records and update log | No formal annual review cycle |
400
+ | Art. 7(d) Patch management | Patch management policy; CMDB | Ad hoc patching; no SLAs for critical patches |
401
+ | Art. 8(1)+(4) ICT asset register | Asset inventory linked to business functions | Register exists but not mapped to critical functions |
402
+ | Art. 9(2) Access controls | IAM policy; access review records | Privileged access not reviewed; no MFA on critical systems |
403
+ | Art. 10(1) Monitoring and detection | SIEM/SOC evidence | No 24/7 monitoring; no alerting thresholds defined |
404
+ | Art. 11(1)+(2) BCP/BIA | BIA document; BCP; RTO/RPO defined | BCP exists but not tested; RTO/RPO not formally set |
405
+ | Art. 12(1)+(3) Backup policy + restore tests | Backup policy; test records | Backups not tested for restorability |
406
+ | Art. 13(6) ICT training programme | Training completion records | No DORA-specific training; general security awareness only |
407
+
408
+ ### Phase 2: Incident Management (Chapter III)
409
+
410
+ | DORA Obligation | Key Evidence | Common Gap |
411
+ |----------------|-------------|-----------|
412
+ | Art. 17(1) Incident management process | Incident management policy | Process not documented; no classification criteria defined |
413
+ | Art. 18(1) Incident classification | Classification matrix using CDR 2024/1772 thresholds | No formal classification; everything escalated manually |
414
+ | Art. 19 Major incident reporting | Reporting SOP; template aligned with CIR 2025/302 | Competent authority not identified; no reporting procedure |
415
+ | Art. 19 — 4h/72h/1-month timelines | SOP with timelines | Timelines unknown; no notification escalation chain |
416
+
417
+ ### Phase 3: Resilience Testing (Chapter IV)
418
+
419
+ | DORA Obligation | Key Evidence | Common Gap |
420
+ |----------------|-------------|-----------|
421
+ | Art. 24(1) Annual testing programme | Test schedule; test results | No formal annual ICT resilience testing plan |
422
+ | Art. 25 Vulnerability assessments | Vulnerability scan reports | Scans are ad hoc, not structured per Art. 25 types |
423
+ | Art. 26 TLPT (if applicable) | TLPT scope definition; tester credentials | TLPT never conducted; not assessed whether TLPT threshold applies |
424
+
425
+ ### Phase 4: Third-Party Risk (Chapter V)
426
+
427
+ | DORA Obligation | Key Evidence | Common Gap |
428
+ |----------------|-------------|-----------|
429
+ | Art. 28(1) ICT third-party risk policy | Approved policy document | Vendor management policy exists but not ICT-risk-specific |
430
+ | Art. 28(3) Register of Information | RoI per CIR 2024/2956 fields | No Register; or Register lacks mandatory fields |
431
+ | Art. 28(6) ICT concentration risk assessment | Concentration risk report | No assessment; multiple critical functions on single cloud provider |
432
+ | Art. 28(7) Exit strategy | Exit strategy plan per arrangement | No exit plans; SLAs do not address exit |
433
+ | Art. 30(2) Contractual provisions | Contract review against Art. 30(2)(a)–(i) | Legacy contracts predate DORA; missing audit rights, exit rights |
434
+ | Art. 30(2)(e) Audit and access rights | Contractual audit clause; evidence of use | Contracts with large cloud providers have no meaningful audit clause |
435
+
436
+ ---
437
+
438
+ ## Register of Information — Key Fields (CIR (EU) 2024/2956)
439
+
440
+ The Register of Information is the central inventory of all ICT service arrangements.
441
+ It is submitted annually (or on demand) to the competent authority.
442
+
443
+ **Mandatory fields include:**
444
+
445
+ | Field | Description |
446
+ |-------|-------------|
447
+ | Arrangement reference | Unique identifier for each ICT service arrangement |
448
+ | TPSP name and LEI | Legal entity identifier of the service provider |
449
+ | Service type | Nature of the ICT service (SaaS, IaaS, PaaS, etc.) |
450
+ | Critical or important function | Whether the function supported is critical/important (Y/N) |
451
+ | Data storage location | Country/region where data is stored and processed |
452
+ | Substitutability | Assessment of ease of substitution |
453
+ | Sub-processors | Chain of sub-processors, if any |
454
+ | Contractual start/end dates | Term of the arrangement |
455
+
456
+ For the complete field set and template, see `references/third-party-risk.md`.
457
+
458
+ ---
459
+
460
+ ## TLPT — Threat-Led Penetration Testing
461
+
462
+ **Applies to:** Financial entities meeting criteria in Art. 26(8), as further
463
+ specified in CDR (EU) 2025/1190.
464
+
465
+ **Indicative criteria triggering TLPT (Art. 26(8)):**
466
+ - Size and overall risk profile of the entity
467
+ - Scale and complexity of ICT systems
468
+ - Relevance to financial stability
469
+
470
+ **TLPT process (Art. 26 + CDR (EU) 2025/1190):**
471
+
472
+ 1. **Scope definition** — Identify critical functions and underlying ICT systems
473
+ 2. **Threat intelligence phase** — Commission threat intelligence report from
474
+ qualified provider on relevant threat actors and TTPs
475
+ 3. **Red team test** — External red team performs adversarial simulation
476
+ against live production systems
477
+ 4. **Remediation** — Entity remediates findings
478
+ 5. **Competent authority notification** — Before and after TLPT
479
+ 6. **Attestation letter** — Issued by competent authority upon satisfactory completion
480
+ 7. **Mutual recognition** — Results recognized across EU jurisdictions for
481
+ entities operating cross-border
482
+
483
+ **Frequency:** At least once every 3 years (Art. 26(1)).
484
+
485
+ ---
486
+
487
+ ## Common DORA Compliance Errors
488
+
489
+ | Error | Correct Approach |
490
+ |-------|-----------------|
491
+ | Citing DORA Art. 5 as equivalent to NIS2 Art. 21 | They are separate; DORA Art. 5 has stricter board-level obligations for financial entities |
492
+ | Using EBA/GL/2019/04 as the current ICT guideline | That guideline has been superseded by DORA for in-scope entities since Jan 17, 2025 |
493
+ | Treating "Chapter II" and "Chapter III" interchangeably | Chapter II = proactive risk framework; Chapter III = reactive incident management |
494
+ | Calling TLPT a "penetration test" | TLPT is intelligence-led adversarial simulation, not a standard penetration test |
495
+ | Assuming all vendors need Art. 30(2) provisions | Art. 30(3) provides lighter provisions for non-critical arrangements |
496
+ | Submitting one incident report and closing the loop | DORA requires 3-stage reporting: initial (4h), intermediate (72h), final (1 month) |
497
+ | Treating the Register of Information as a vendor list | The RoI has specific mandatory fields per CIR 2024/2956; a vendor list does not comply |
498
+
499
+ ---
500
+
501
+ ## Reference Files
502
+
503
+ - `references/rts-its-guide.md` — All 12 adopted RTS/ITS: regulation numbers,
504
+ article mapping, and key requirements
505
+ - `references/article-reference.md` — All 64 DORA articles with obligation
506
+ summaries and key sub-paragraph citations
507
+ - `references/third-party-risk.md` — Deep-dive on Art. 28–44, Register of
508
+ Information fields, contractual provisions, and ICT concentration risk
509
+ - `references/incident-classification.md` — Art. 17–23 incident management,
510
+ CDR 2024/1772 classification criteria, reporting timelines and templates