@woosh/meep-engine 2.147.0 → 2.148.0

package/package.json

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
   "description": "Pure JavaScript game engine. Fully featured and production ready.",
   "type": "module",
   "author": "Alexander Goldring",
-  "version": "2.147.0",
+  "version": "2.148.0",
   "main": "build/meep.module.js",
   "module": "build/meep.module.js",
   "exports": {

package/src/core/math/spline/spline3_hermite_intersection_spline3_hermite.d.ts

@@ -13,10 +13,10 @@
  * of candidate critical points (see the variant docs for what each reports
  * and how many entries the result buffer needs):
  *   - 1D: range overlap or extrema-based closest pair → 1 pair.
- *   - 2D: (3,3)/(3,3) Bezout interior intersections + boundary minima → up
- *     to 13 pairs (~26 floats).
- *   - ND (≥ 3): grid-Newton interior critical points + boundary minima → up
- *     to 89 pairs (~178 floats).
+ *   - ND (≥ 2): grid-Newton interior critical points + boundary minima → up
+ *     to 89 pairs (~178 floats). dim === 2 uses this path too; the former
+ *     bespoke 2D Bezout specialization was removed because it missed interior
+ *     non-intersection closest approaches.
  *
  * Required buffer size: caller must reserve enough space for the worst
  * case of the dim it intends to call with. Reserving ≥ 178 floats past

package/src/core/math/spline/spline3_hermite_intersection_spline3_hermite.d.ts.map

@@ -1 +1 @@
-{"version":3,"file":"spline3_hermite_intersection_spline3_hermite.d.ts","sourceRoot":"","sources":["../../../../../src/core/math/spline/spline3_hermite_intersection_spline3_hermite.js"],"names":[],"mappings":"AAKA;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;GA8BG;AACH,gEAPW,YAAY,GAAC,MAAM,EAAE,KACrB,YAAY,GAAC,MAAM,EAAE,OACrB,MAAM,UACN,YAAY,GAAC,MAAM,EAAE,iBACrB,MAAM,GACJ,MAAM,CAiBlB"}
+{"version":3,"file":"spline3_hermite_intersection_spline3_hermite.d.ts","sourceRoot":"","sources":["../../../../../src/core/math/spline/spline3_hermite_intersection_spline3_hermite.js"],"names":[],"mappings":"AAIA;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;GA8BG;AACH,gEAPW,YAAY,GAAC,MAAM,EAAE,KACrB,YAAY,GAAC,MAAM,EAAE,OACrB,MAAM,UACN,YAAY,GAAC,MAAM,EAAE,iBACrB,MAAM,GACJ,MAAM,CAclB"}

package/src/core/math/spline/spline3_hermite_intersection_spline3_hermite.js

@@ -1,52 +1,48 @@
-import { assert } from "../../assert.js";
-import { spline3_hermite_intersection_spline3_hermite_1d } from "./spline3_hermite_intersection_spline3_hermite_1d.js";
-import { spline3_hermite_intersection_spline3_hermite_2d } from "./spline3_hermite_intersection_spline3_hermite_2d.js";
-import { spline3_hermite_intersection_spline3_hermite_nd } from "./spline3_hermite_intersection_spline3_hermite_nd.js";
-
-/**
- * Critical points of squared distance between two cubic Hermite curves over
- * the [0,1]² parameter square. Writes (s, t) pairs sequentially into
- * `result` starting at `result_offset` and returns the count of pairs
- * written. Caller is responsible for evaluating both curves at each pair
- * and computing distance (e.g. to pick the nearest root).
- *
- * Coefficient layout for `a` and `b`: per-dimension grouped quads,
- *   `[p0_0, p1_0, m0_0, m1_0, p0_1, p1_1, m0_1, m1_1, ..., m1_{dim-1}]`,
- * length `4 * dim`. dim ≥ 1.
- *
- * Internally dispatched by dimension; each path enumerates different sets
- * of candidate critical points (see the variant docs for what each reports
- * and how many entries the result buffer needs):
- *   - 1D: range overlap or extrema-based closest pair → 1 pair.
- *   - 2D: (3,3)/(3,3) Bezout interior intersections + boundary minima → up
- *     to 13 pairs (~26 floats).
- *   - ND (≥ 3): grid-Newton interior critical points + boundary minima → up
- *     to 89 pairs (~178 floats).
- *
- * Required buffer size: caller must reserve enough space for the worst
- * case of the dim it intends to call with. Reserving ≥ 178 floats past
- * `result_offset` covers all dims.
- *
- * @param {Float64Array|number[]} a length 4*dim
- * @param {Float64Array|number[]} b length 4*dim
- * @param {number} dim
- * @param {Float64Array|number[]} result
- * @param {number} result_offset
- * @returns {number} number of (s, t) pairs written
- */
-export function spline3_hermite_intersection_spline3_hermite(
-    a, b, dim,
-    result, result_offset
-) {
-    assert.greaterThanOrEqual(dim, 1, 'dim');
-
-    if (dim === 1) {
-        return spline3_hermite_intersection_spline3_hermite_1d(a, b, result, result_offset);
-    }
-
-    if (dim === 2) {
-        return spline3_hermite_intersection_spline3_hermite_2d(a, b, result, result_offset);
-    }
-
-    return spline3_hermite_intersection_spline3_hermite_nd(a, b, dim, result, result_offset);
-}
+import { assert } from "../../assert.js";
+import { spline3_hermite_intersection_spline3_hermite_1d } from "./spline3_hermite_intersection_spline3_hermite_1d.js";
+import { spline3_hermite_intersection_spline3_hermite_nd } from "./spline3_hermite_intersection_spline3_hermite_nd.js";
+
+/**
+ * Critical points of squared distance between two cubic Hermite curves over
+ * the [0,1]² parameter square. Writes (s, t) pairs sequentially into
+ * `result` starting at `result_offset` and returns the count of pairs
+ * written. Caller is responsible for evaluating both curves at each pair
+ * and computing distance (e.g. to pick the nearest root).
+ *
+ * Coefficient layout for `a` and `b`: per-dimension grouped quads,
+ *   `[p0_0, p1_0, m0_0, m1_0, p0_1, p1_1, m0_1, m1_1, ..., m1_{dim-1}]`,
+ * length `4 * dim`. dim ≥ 1.
+ *
+ * Internally dispatched by dimension; each path enumerates different sets
+ * of candidate critical points (see the variant docs for what each reports
+ * and how many entries the result buffer needs):
+ *   - 1D: range overlap or extrema-based closest pair → 1 pair.
+ *   - ND (≥ 2): grid-Newton interior critical points + boundary minima → up
+ *     to 89 pairs (~178 floats). dim === 2 uses this path too; the former
+ *     bespoke 2D Bezout specialization was removed because it missed interior
+ *     non-intersection closest approaches.
+ *
+ * Required buffer size: caller must reserve enough space for the worst
+ * case of the dim it intends to call with. Reserving ≥ 178 floats past
+ * `result_offset` covers all dims.
+ *
+ * @param {Float64Array|number[]} a length 4*dim
+ * @param {Float64Array|number[]} b length 4*dim
+ * @param {number} dim
+ * @param {Float64Array|number[]} result
+ * @param {number} result_offset
+ * @returns {number} number of (s, t) pairs written
+ */
+export function spline3_hermite_intersection_spline3_hermite(
+    a, b, dim,
+    result, result_offset
+) {
+    assert.greaterThanOrEqual(dim, 1, 'dim');
+
+    if (dim === 1) {
+        return spline3_hermite_intersection_spline3_hermite_1d(a, b, result, result_offset);
+    }
+
+    // dim >= 2 (including 2D) goes through the dimension-agnostic ND path.
+    return spline3_hermite_intersection_spline3_hermite_nd(a, b, dim, result, result_offset);
+}

package/src/core/math/spline/spline3_hermite_intersection_spline3_hermite_2d.d.ts

@@ -1,31 +1,33 @@
 /**
- * Critical-point enumerator for the 2D Hermite curve-pair intersection
- * problem. Writes (s, t) pairs sequentially into `result` starting at
- * `result_offset` and returns the count.
+ * @deprecated The dedicated 2D Bezout specialization has been removed. It
+ * enumerated interior *intersections* (via the (3,3)/(3,3) Bezout resultant)
+ * plus the four boundary-edge minima only — it never enumerated interior
+ * *non-intersection* critical points, so it silently missed the closest
+ * approach of two non-intersecting cubic arcs whenever that approach is
+ * interior-to-interior (wrong on ~27% of random curve pairs, by as much as
+ * several units of squared distance). Its premise — "no interior intersection
+ * ⇒ the global minimum lies on the boundary" — is false for cubic arcs.
  *
- * What is reported:
- *   - All interior true intersections found by the Bezout resultant (up to 9).
- *   - Four boundary closest-approach pairs, one per edge of [0,1]²:
- *       (0, t*) with t* minimising ‖A(0) − B(t)‖²
- *       (1, t*) with t* minimising ‖A(1) − B(t)‖²
- *       (s*, 0) with s* minimising ‖A(s) − B(0)‖²
- *       (s*, 1) with s* minimising ‖A(s) − B(1)‖²
- *     Each `nearest_t_on_curve` call internally tests endpoints, so corners
- *     are folded into these as appropriate.
+ * This symbol is retained only so existing callers keep working; it now
+ * forwards to the dimension-agnostic
+ * {@link spline3_hermite_intersection_spline3_hermite_nd} path, which
+ * enumerates interior critical points (grid-seeded 2D Newton) in addition to
+ * the boundary minima and is correct for the full closest-approach problem.
  *
- * Caller is responsible for evaluating both curves at each (s, t) and picking
- * whichever pair(s) they care about (closest, within threshold, etc.).
+ * Prefer the dimension dispatcher
+ * {@link spline3_hermite_intersection_spline3_hermite} or
+ * `spline3_hermite_intersection_spline3_hermite_nd` directly. Note the buffer
+ * requirement is now the ND worst case: `result.length >= result_offset +
+ * 2 * ND_MAX_ROOTS` floats (currently 178), not the old 2D bound.
  *
- * Typical buffer size: at most 9 interior + 4 boundary = 13 pairs →
- * `result.length >= result_offset + 26`. in degenerate cases up to 89 pairs.
- *
- * Edge case: if the Bezout resultant is numerically degenerate (one of the
- * input curves is constant on an axis, etc.), the routine forwards to the
- * dimension-agnostic ND path.
+ * Critical-point enumerator for the 2D Hermite curve-pair problem. Writes
+ * (s, t) pairs sequentially into `result` starting at `result_offset` and
+ * returns the count of pairs written. The caller evaluates both curves at each
+ * pair and picks the one(s) it cares about (closest, within threshold, etc.).
  *
  * @param {Float64Array|number[]} a length 8: [a_p0_x, a_p1_x, a_m0_x, a_m1_x, a_p0_y, a_p1_y, a_m0_y, a_m1_y]
  * @param {Float64Array|number[]} b length 8 (same layout)
- * @param {Float64Array|number[]} result length >= result_offset + 198
+ * @param {Float64Array|number[]} result length >= result_offset + 2 * ND_MAX_ROOTS
  * @param {number} result_offset
  * @returns {number} number of (s, t) pairs written
  */

package/src/core/math/spline/spline3_hermite_intersection_spline3_hermite_2d.d.ts.map

@@ -1 +1 @@
-{"version":3,"file":"spline3_hermite_intersection_spline3_hermite_2d.d.ts","sourceRoot":"","sources":["../../../../../src/core/math/spline/spline3_hermite_intersection_spline3_hermite_2d.js"],"names":[],"mappings":"AA+SA;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;GA8BG;AACH,mEANW,YAAY,GAAC,MAAM,EAAE,KACrB,YAAY,GAAC,MAAM,EAAE,UACrB,YAAY,GAAC,MAAM,EAAE,iBACrB,MAAM,GACJ,MAAM,CAyElB"}
+{"version":3,"file":"spline3_hermite_intersection_spline3_hermite_2d.d.ts","sourceRoot":"","sources":["../../../../../src/core/math/spline/spline3_hermite_intersection_spline3_hermite_2d.js"],"names":[],"mappings":"AAEA;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;GAgCG;AACH,mEANW,YAAY,GAAC,MAAM,EAAE,KACrB,YAAY,GAAC,MAAM,EAAE,UACrB,YAAY,GAAC,MAAM,EAAE,iBACrB,MAAM,GACJ,MAAM,CAOlB"}

package/src/core/math/spline/spline3_hermite_intersection_spline3_hermite_2d.js

@@ -1,406 +1,41 @@
-import { cubic_residual_times_derivative_accumulate } from "../linalg/cubic_residual_times_derivative_accumulate.js";
-import { polynomial_add_into } from "../linalg/polynomial_add_into.js";
-import { polynomial_cubic_horner_eval } from "../linalg/polynomial_cubic_horner_eval.js";
-import { polynomial_multiply } from "../linalg/polynomial_multiply.js";
-import { polynomial_real_roots_in_interval } from "../linalg/polynomial_real_roots_in_interval.js";
-import { polynomial_scale_into } from "../linalg/polynomial_scale_into.js";
-import { polynomial_sub_into } from "../linalg/polynomial_sub_into.js";
-import { solveCubic } from "../solveCubic.js";
-import { spline3_hermite } from "./spline3_hermite.js";
-import { spline3_hermite_intersection_spline3_hermite_nd } from "./spline3_hermite_intersection_spline3_hermite_nd.js";
-import { spline3_hermite_to_monomial } from "./spline3_hermite_to_monomial.js";
-
-/*
- 2D specialization. Two equations (one per axis), each bidegree (3,3) in (s,t):
-
-   P(s, t) = A_x(s) − B_x(t) = 0
-   Q(s, t) = A_y(s) − B_y(t) = 0
-
- Eliminate t through the Bezout 3×3 resultant matrix (smaller and easier than
- the 6×6 Sylvester form). The resultant det(Bezout) is a univariate polynomial
- in s of degree ≤ 9. Its real roots in [0, 1] give the s-coordinates of all
- true intersections; for each, the corresponding t is recovered by solving the
- cubic A_x(s_i) − B_x(t) = 0 and verifying agreement on the y component.
-
- Closest-approach handling:
-   - Any true interior intersection ⇒ distance² = 0; report it.
-   - Otherwise, the global minimum of squared distance over [0,1]² lies on the
-     boundary: an edge minimum (one parameter pinned at 0 or 1, the other a
-     quintic minimisation reduced to a quartic root-finding) or a corner.
-
- Polynomial-coefficient buffers and the small ad-hoc polynomial arithmetic
- used to assemble det(Bezout) are kept private to this module — they are
- implementation glue, not a general "polynomial library".
-*/
-
-// Per-curve monomial buffers (4 coeffs per axis).
-const _A_x_mono = new Float64Array(4);
-const _A_y_mono = new Float64Array(4);
-const _B_x_mono = new Float64Array(4);
-const _B_y_mono = new Float64Array(4);
-
-// Bezout entries. The four polynomial-valued ones are degree ≤ 3 in s; the two
-// scalar-valued ones are stored as plain numbers in `_bz_const`.
-//   _bz_poly[0] = B[0,0]   (degree 3 in s)
-//   _bz_poly[1] = B[0,1]
-//   _bz_poly[2] = B[0,2]
-//   _bz_poly[3] = B[1,1]
-const _bz_poly = [
-    new Float64Array(4),
-    new Float64Array(4),
-    new Float64Array(4),
-    new Float64Array(4),
-];
-// _bz_const[0] = B[1,2], _bz_const[1] = B[2,2]
-const _bz_const = new Float64Array(2);
-
-// Resultant coefficients (degree ≤ 9 → 10 slots).
-const _resultant = new Float64Array(10);
-
-// Scratch polynomials used while computing det(Bezout).
-const _tmp_poly_a = new Float64Array(10);
-const _tmp_poly_b = new Float64Array(10);
-const _tmp_poly_c = new Float64Array(10);
-const _tmp_poly_d = new Float64Array(10);
-
-const _root_buffer_s = new Float64Array(9);
-const _root_buffer_t = new Float64Array(3);
-
-const Y_MATCH_TOLERANCE = 1e-7;
-
-// ── core algorithm helpers ────────────────────────────────────────────────
-
-/**
- * Build the 6 Bezout entries (4 polynomial, 2 constant) from the monomial
- * coefficients of A and B. See module preamble for the algebraic derivation.
- *
- * Layout:
- *   a-side polys are A_*(s) in monomial basis (cubic in s). Their coefficient
- *   arrays here are length 4 (constant ... s³).
- *   b-side polys are B_*(t) — we only need the *coefficients* (constants
- *   wrt s) in the bivariate form P(s,t) = A_x(s) − B_x(t). So β_kx = the k-th
- *   monomial coefficient of B_x.
- */
-function build_bezout_entries(a_x, a_y, b_x, b_y) {
-    // Coefficients of P(s, t) viewed as polynomial in t with s-poly coeffs:
-    //   p_0(s) = A_x(s) − β0_x   (cubic in s)
-    //   p_1   = -β1_x  (constant)
-    //   p_2   = -β2_x
-    //   p_3   = -β3_x
-    // and similarly q_k for Q.
-
-    const beta_1x = -b_x[1];
-    const beta_2x = -b_x[2];
-    const beta_3x = -b_x[3];
-
-    const beta_1y = -b_y[1];
-    const beta_2y = -b_y[2];
-    const beta_3y = -b_y[3];
-
-    // p_0(s) = A_x(s) - β0_x
-    const p0 = _tmp_poly_a;
-    p0[0] = a_x[0] - b_x[0];
-    p0[1] = a_x[1];
-    p0[2] = a_x[2];
-    p0[3] = a_x[3];
-
-    // q_0(s) = A_y(s) - β0_y
-    const q0 = _tmp_poly_b;
-    q0[0] = a_y[0] - b_y[0];
-    q0[1] = a_y[1];
-    q0[2] = a_y[2];
-    q0[3] = a_y[3];
-
-    // B[0,0] = a_1 b_0 - a_0 b_1 = beta_1x * q_0(s) - p_0(s) * beta_1y
-    const b00 = _bz_poly[0];
-    for (let i = 0; i < 4; i++){
-        b00[i] = beta_1x * q0[i] - p0[i] * beta_1y;
-    }
-
-    // B[0,1] = a_2 b_0 - a_0 b_2 = beta_2x * q_0(s) - p_0(s) * beta_2y
-    const b01 = _bz_poly[1];
-    for (let i = 0; i < 4; i++){
-        b01[i] = beta_2x * q0[i] - p0[i] * beta_2y;
-    }
-
-    // B[0,2] = a_3 b_0 - a_0 b_3 = beta_3x * q_0(s) - p_0(s) * beta_3y
-    const b02 = _bz_poly[2];
-    for (let i = 0; i < 4; i++){
-        b02[i] = beta_3x * q0[i] - p0[i] * beta_3y;
-    }
-
-    // B[1,1] = (a_3 b_0 - a_0 b_3) + (a_2 b_1 - a_1 b_2)
-    //        = B[0,2] + (beta_2x * beta_1y - beta_1x * beta_2y)
-    const b11 = _bz_poly[3];
-    const inner = beta_2x * beta_1y - beta_1x * beta_2y;
-    for (let i = 0; i < 4; i++){
-        b11[i] = b02[i];
-    }
-
-    b11[0] += inner;
-
-    // B[1,2] = a_3 b_1 - a_1 b_3 = beta_3x * beta_1y - beta_1x * beta_3y (constant)
-    _bz_const[0] = beta_3x * beta_1y - beta_1x * beta_3y;
-
-    // B[2,2] = a_3 b_2 - a_2 b_3 = beta_3x * beta_2y - beta_2x * beta_3y (constant)
-    _bz_const[1] = beta_3x * beta_2y - beta_2x * beta_3y;
-}
-
-/**
- * Compute det(Bezout) as a polynomial in s and write its coefficients into
- * `_resultant`. Returns the (effective) degree + 1 — i.e. the number of
- * coefficients that are meaningful.
- *
- * Closed form: det(B) = B[0,2]·(B[0,1]·B[1,2] − B[0,2]·B[1,1])
- *                     − B[1,2]·(B[0,0]·B[1,2] − B[0,2]·B[0,1])
- *                     + B[2,2]·(B[0,0]·B[1,1] − B[0,1]²)
- *
- *   B[0,0], B[0,1], B[0,2], B[1,1] are cubic polynomials in s (length 4).
- *   B[1,2], B[2,2] are constants (length 1).
- */
-function compute_resultant() {
-    const b00 = _bz_poly[0]; // length 4
-    const b01 = _bz_poly[1]; // length 4
-    const b02 = _bz_poly[2]; // length 4
-    const b11 = _bz_poly[3]; // length 4
-    const b12 = _bz_const[0];
-    const b22 = _bz_const[1];
-
-    _resultant.fill(0);
-
-    // ── Term A: B[0,2] · (B[0,1] · B[1,2] − B[0,2] · B[1,1]) ──
-    // tmp_c = B[0,1] · B[1,2]   (cubic × constant → cubic, length 4)
-    const tmp_c = _tmp_poly_c;
-    let tmp_c_len = 4;
-
-    for (let i = 0; i < 4; i++){
-        tmp_c[i] = b01[i] * b12;
-    }
-
-    // tmp_d = B[0,2] · B[1,1]   (cubic × cubic → degree 6, length 7)
-    const tmp_d = _tmp_poly_d;
-    const tmp_d_len = polynomial_multiply(tmp_d, b02, 4, b11, 4);
-
-    // tmp_c -= tmp_d  (length 7)
-    tmp_c_len = polynomial_sub_into(tmp_c, tmp_c_len, tmp_d, tmp_d_len);
-
-    // term_a = B[0,2] · tmp_c  (length 4 + 7 − 1 = 10)
-    const tmp_a = _tmp_poly_a;
-    const tmp_a_len = polynomial_multiply(tmp_a, b02, 4, tmp_c, tmp_c_len);
-
-    // resultant += term_a
-    polynomial_add_into(_resultant, 0, tmp_a, tmp_a_len);
-
-    // ── Term B: −B[1,2] · (B[0,0] · B[1,2] − B[0,2] · B[0,1]) ──
-    // tmp_c = B[0,0] · B[1,2]   (cubic × constant)
-    tmp_c_len = 4;
-    for (let i = 0; i < 4; i++) tmp_c[i] = b00[i] * b12;
-
-    // tmp_d = B[0,2] · B[0,1]   (cubic × cubic → length 7)
-    const tmp_d_len_2 = polynomial_multiply(tmp_d, b02, 4, b01, 4);
-
-    tmp_c_len = polynomial_sub_into(tmp_c, tmp_c_len, tmp_d, tmp_d_len_2);
-
-    polynomial_scale_into(tmp_c, tmp_c_len, -b12);
-    polynomial_add_into(_resultant, _resultant.length, tmp_c, tmp_c_len);
-
-    // ── Term C: B[2,2] · (B[0,0] · B[1,1] − B[0,1]²) ──
-    const tmp_d_len_3 = polynomial_multiply(tmp_d, b00, 4, b11, 4); // length 7
-    tmp_c_len = polynomial_multiply(tmp_c, b01, 4, b01, 4);          // length 7
-
-    polynomial_sub_into(tmp_d, tmp_d_len_3, tmp_c, tmp_c_len);
-
-    polynomial_scale_into(tmp_d, tmp_d_len_3, b22);
-    polynomial_add_into(_resultant, _resultant.length, tmp_d, tmp_d_len_3);
-}
-
-/**
- * For a given s, find a t in [0,1] such that A_x(s) − B_x(t) = 0 AND
- * A_y(s) ≈ B_y(t) (the latter within Y_MATCH_TOLERANCE). Returns the matched
- * t, or -1 if none.
- */
-function recover_t(a, b, s) {
-    // A_x(s) value:
-    const a_x_at_s = spline3_hermite(s, a[0], a[1], a[2], a[3]);
-    const a_y_at_s = spline3_hermite(s, a[4], a[5], a[6], a[7]);
-
-    // Solve B_x(t) = a_x_at_s for t:
-    // B_x in monomial: β0_x + β1_x t + β2_x t² + β3_x t³ - a_x_at_s = 0
-    const t_count = solveCubic(
-        _root_buffer_t, 0,
-        _B_x_mono[3], _B_x_mono[2], _B_x_mono[1], _B_x_mono[0] - a_x_at_s
-    );
-
-    let best_t = -1;
-    let best_dy = Number.POSITIVE_INFINITY;
-
-    for (let i = 0; i < t_count; i++) {
-        const t = _root_buffer_t[i];
-
-        if (t < 0 || t > 1) continue;
-
-        const b_y_at_t = spline3_hermite(t, b[4], b[5], b[6], b[7]);
-        const dy = Math.abs(a_y_at_s - b_y_at_t);
-
-        if (dy < best_dy) {
-            best_dy = dy;
-            best_t = t;
-        }
-
-    }
-
-    if (best_dy > Y_MATCH_TOLERANCE) return -1;
-    return best_t;
-}
-
-/**
- * Find the minimum of ||point − B(t)||² over t in [0,1], where `point` is a 2D
- * point (px, py). Solves the quintic ∂/∂t = 0 by feeding it to
- * polynomial_real_roots_in_interval and tests each root + the two endpoints.
- *
- * Writes `[t, dist²]` into the returned 2-element module scratch.
- */
-const _edge_tmp_quintic = new Float64Array(6);
-const _edge_tmp_roots = new Float64Array(5);
-const _edge_result = new Float64Array(2);
-
-function nearest_t_on_curve(b_mono_x, b_mono_y, point_x, point_y) {
-    // ‖B(t) − point‖² is degree 6 in t. Its derivative is degree 5 — the
-    // shared accumulator builds it per axis, dropping the constant factor of
-    // 2 since it doesn't affect root locations.
-
-    const quintic = _edge_tmp_quintic;
-    for (let i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
-        quintic[i] = 0;
-    }
-
-    cubic_residual_times_derivative_accumulate(quintic, b_mono_x, 0, point_x);
-    cubic_residual_times_derivative_accumulate(quintic, b_mono_y, 0, point_y);
-
-    const root_count = polynomial_real_roots_in_interval(
-        quintic, 5, 0, 1, _edge_tmp_roots, 0
-    );
-
-    let best_t = 0;
-    let best_d2 = Number.POSITIVE_INFINITY;
-
-    for (let i = -2; i < root_count; i++) {
-        // i = -2 → t = 0; i = -1 → t = 1; otherwise interior roots
-        const t = i === -2 ? 0 : (i === -1 ? 1 : _edge_tmp_roots[i]);
-        const ex = polynomial_cubic_horner_eval(b_mono_x, 0, t) - point_x;
-        const ey = polynomial_cubic_horner_eval(b_mono_y, 0, t) - point_y;
-        const d2 = ex * ex + ey * ey;
-        if (d2 < best_d2) {
-            best_d2 = d2;
-            best_t = t;
-        }
-    }
-
-    _edge_result[0] = best_t;
-    _edge_result[1] = best_d2;
-    return _edge_result;
-}
-
-/**
- * Critical-point enumerator for the 2D Hermite curve-pair intersection
- * problem. Writes (s, t) pairs sequentially into `result` starting at
- * `result_offset` and returns the count.
- *
- * What is reported:
- *   - All interior true intersections found by the Bezout resultant (up to 9).
- *   - Four boundary closest-approach pairs, one per edge of [0,1]²:
- *       (0, t*) with t* minimising ‖A(0) − B(t)‖²
- *       (1, t*) with t* minimising ‖A(1) − B(t)‖²
- *       (s*, 0) with s* minimising ‖A(s) − B(0)‖²
- *       (s*, 1) with s* minimising ‖A(s) − B(1)‖²
- *     Each `nearest_t_on_curve` call internally tests endpoints, so corners
- *     are folded into these as appropriate.
- *
- * Caller is responsible for evaluating both curves at each (s, t) and picking
- * whichever pair(s) they care about (closest, within threshold, etc.).
- *
- * Typical buffer size: at most 9 interior + 4 boundary = 13 pairs →
- * `result.length >= result_offset + 26`. in degenerate cases up to 89 pairs.
- *
- * Edge case: if the Bezout resultant is numerically degenerate (one of the
- * input curves is constant on an axis, etc.), the routine forwards to the
- * dimension-agnostic ND path.
- *
- * @param {Float64Array|number[]} a length 8: [a_p0_x, a_p1_x, a_m0_x, a_m1_x, a_p0_y, a_p1_y, a_m0_y, a_m1_y]
- * @param {Float64Array|number[]} b length 8 (same layout)
- * @param {Float64Array|number[]} result length >= result_offset + 198
- * @param {number} result_offset
- * @returns {number} number of (s, t) pairs written
- */
-export function spline3_hermite_intersection_spline3_hermite_2d(
-    a, b,
-    result, result_offset
-) {
-    spline3_hermite_to_monomial(_A_x_mono, 0, 1, a[0], a[1], a[2], a[3]);
-    spline3_hermite_to_monomial(_A_y_mono, 0, 1, a[4], a[5], a[6], a[7]);
-    spline3_hermite_to_monomial(_B_x_mono, 0, 1, b[0], b[1], b[2], b[3]);
-    spline3_hermite_to_monomial(_B_y_mono, 0, 1, b[4], b[5], b[6], b[7]);
-
-    build_bezout_entries(_A_x_mono, _A_y_mono, _B_x_mono, _B_y_mono);
-    compute_resultant();
-
-    // Detect a degenerate resultant. This happens when one (or both) input
-    // curves is degree < 3 in its parameter — straight axis-aligned lines are
-    // the canonical example. The (3,3)/(3,3) Bezout construction collapses
-    // because the relevant leading coefficients are zero. In that case, fall
-    // back to the dimension-agnostic Newton-from-grid path.
-    let max_resultant_mag = 0;
-    for (let i = 0; i < _resultant.length; i++) {
-        const v = Math.abs(_resultant[i]);
-        if (v > max_resultant_mag) max_resultant_mag = v;
-    }
-    if (max_resultant_mag < 1e-12) {
-        return spline3_hermite_intersection_spline3_hermite_nd(a, b, 2, result, result_offset);
-    }
-
-    const s_root_count = polynomial_real_roots_in_interval(
-        _resultant, 9, 0, 1, _root_buffer_s, 0
-    );
-
-    let write = result_offset;
-
-    // Interior intersections (true: distance² = 0).
-    for (let i = 0; i < s_root_count; i++) {
-        const s = _root_buffer_s[i];
-        const t = recover_t(a, b, s);
-        if (t >= 0) {
-            result[write++] = s;
-            result[write++] = t;
-        }
-    }
-
-    // Boundary closest-approach pairs — one per edge of [0,1]². Each call
-    // internally tests the edge endpoints (corners) and reports the minimum.
-
-    // Edge s = 0: minimise ‖A(0) − B(t)‖² over t.
-    {
-        const r = nearest_t_on_curve(_B_x_mono, _B_y_mono, a[0], a[4]);
-        result[write++] = 0;
-        result[write++] = r[0];
-    }
-    // Edge s = 1.
-    {
-        const r = nearest_t_on_curve(_B_x_mono, _B_y_mono, a[1], a[5]);
-        result[write++] = 1;
-        result[write++] = r[0];
-    }
-    // Edge t = 0: minimise ‖A(s) − B(0)‖² over s.
-    {
-        const r = nearest_t_on_curve(_A_x_mono, _A_y_mono, b[0], b[4]);
-        result[write++] = r[0];
-        result[write++] = 0;
-    }
-    // Edge t = 1.
-    {
-        const r = nearest_t_on_curve(_A_x_mono, _A_y_mono, b[1], b[5]);
-        result[write++] = r[0];
-        result[write++] = 1;
-    }
-
-    return (write - result_offset) >> 1;
-}
+import { spline3_hermite_intersection_spline3_hermite_nd } from "./spline3_hermite_intersection_spline3_hermite_nd.js";
+
+/**
+ * @deprecated The dedicated 2D Bezout specialization has been removed. It
+ * enumerated interior *intersections* (via the (3,3)/(3,3) Bezout resultant)
+ * plus the four boundary-edge minima only — it never enumerated interior
+ * *non-intersection* critical points, so it silently missed the closest
+ * approach of two non-intersecting cubic arcs whenever that approach is
+ * interior-to-interior (wrong on ~27% of random curve pairs, by as much as
+ * several units of squared distance). Its premise — "no interior intersection
+ * ⇒ the global minimum lies on the boundary" — is false for cubic arcs.
+ *
+ * This symbol is retained only so existing callers keep working; it now
+ * forwards to the dimension-agnostic
+ * {@link spline3_hermite_intersection_spline3_hermite_nd} path, which
+ * enumerates interior critical points (grid-seeded 2D Newton) in addition to
+ * the boundary minima and is correct for the full closest-approach problem.
+ *
+ * Prefer the dimension dispatcher
+ * {@link spline3_hermite_intersection_spline3_hermite} or
+ * `spline3_hermite_intersection_spline3_hermite_nd` directly. Note the buffer
+ * requirement is now the ND worst case: `result.length >= result_offset +
+ * 2 * ND_MAX_ROOTS` floats (currently 178), not the old 2D bound.
+ *
+ * Critical-point enumerator for the 2D Hermite curve-pair problem. Writes
+ * (s, t) pairs sequentially into `result` starting at `result_offset` and
+ * returns the count of pairs written. The caller evaluates both curves at each
+ * pair and picks the one(s) it cares about (closest, within threshold, etc.).
+ *
+ * @param {Float64Array|number[]} a length 8: [a_p0_x, a_p1_x, a_m0_x, a_m1_x, a_p0_y, a_p1_y, a_m0_y, a_m1_y]
+ * @param {Float64Array|number[]} b length 8 (same layout)
+ * @param {Float64Array|number[]} result length >= result_offset + 2 * ND_MAX_ROOTS
+ * @param {number} result_offset
+ * @returns {number} number of (s, t) pairs written
+ */
+export function spline3_hermite_intersection_spline3_hermite_2d(
+    a, b,
+    result, result_offset
+) {
+    return spline3_hermite_intersection_spline3_hermite_nd(a, b, 2, result, result_offset);
+}