@torrent-tv/proxy 2.87.20 → 2.88.0

package/test/quality-variants.test.js

@@ -1,1229 +1,1229 @@
-/**
- * @file Quality variants: the master playlist, and what happens when the viewer
- * moves between rungs.
- *
- * What makes a mid-stream change of quality possible at all is that every
- * variant is cut at the SAME times, so a segment produced by one encoder can be
- * appended where another encoder's would have gone. The last test here pins
- * that property at its source; the rest cover the wiring that a route reaches —
- * a module test that imports a function directly cannot see a caller that never
- * calls it (2.9.124).
- */
-
-import test from "node:test";
-import { fakeProcess as fakeEncoder, startRunOn } from "./helpers/encode-run.js";
-import assert from "node:assert/strict";
-import { SourceFile } from "../services/media/SourceFile.js";
-import { Timeline } from "../services/encode/output/Timeline.js";
-import { mkdtemp, rm } from "node:fs/promises";
-import os from "node:os";
-import path from "node:path";
-import { costKindForSession } from "../services/encode/quality/EncodeCost.js";
-import { managerWithOwnStore } from "./helpers/manager.js";
-import { fmp4Format } from "../services/encode/segment-formats/fmp4.js";
-import { computeCutGrid } from "../services/encode/output/cut-grid.js";
-import { buildRunCommand, nearestKeyframeAtOrBefore } from "../services/encode/run-command.js";
-import { Output } from "../services/encode/output/Output.js";
-import { outputSpec } from "./helpers/output-spec.js";
-import { qualityStateOf } from "../services/encode/quality/OutputQualityState.js";
-import { chooseOutput, chosenOutputOf } from "../services/viewer/choices.js";
-
-const BASE_ID = "aaaaaaaabbbbcccc";
-const VARIANT_ID = "1111111122223333";
-const SECOND_VARIANT_ID = "9999999988887777";
-/** The one person these checks are about. Every viewer has a name. */
-const VIEWER = "viewer";
-
-/**
- * The rule has chosen `key` for this viewer at this height. It used to be one
- * record per file and height for everybody (`OutputCatalog.servedBy`); it is
- * the viewer's own now (roadmap item 97, step 11), so the viewer is registered
- * first — a choice kept for nobody is lost.
- *
- * @param {object} manager
- * @param {object} base
- * @param {number} height
- * @param {string} key
- * @returns {void}
- */
-function chooseFor(manager, base, height, key) {
-  manager.viewers.of(base, VIEWER);
-  chooseOutput(manager.viewers, VIEWER, height, key);
-}
-
-/**
- * Ask for a height as the viewer does. A request naming nobody is refused.
- *
- * @param {object} manager
- * @param {object} base
- * @param {number} height
- * @returns {Promise<object | null>}
- */
-function askFor(manager, base, height) {
-  manager.viewers.of(base, VIEWER);
-  return manager.renditions.resolveVariantSession(BASE_ID, height, -1, VIEWER);
-}
-const SEGMENT_SECONDS = 4;
-
-/**
- * A session shaped like a live one, without the ffmpeg run behind it.
- *
- * @param {{ id: string, encodeHeight: number, dirPath: string, transcodeVideo?: boolean, audioOnly?: boolean, audioSeparate?: boolean, audioSourceTrackIndex?: number }} params
- * @returns {object}
- */
-function fakeSession({
-  id,
-  encodeHeight,
-  dirPath,
-  transcodeVideo = true,
-  audioOnly = false,
-  audioSeparate = false,
-  audioSourceTrackIndex = 0
-}) {
-  return {
-    id,
-    get outputKey() { return this.spec.toKey(); },
-    spec: outputSpec({
-      transcodeVideo,
-      audioOnly,
-      audioSeparate,
-      audioSourceTrackIndex,
-      height: encodeHeight
-    }),
-    dirPath,
-    // Where this file is cut, held by the file. A fixture that stated it
-    // on the session was describing what production no longer does.
-    timeline: new Timeline({
-      boundaries: Array.from({ length: 101 }, (_, index) => index * SEGMENT_SECONDS),
-      cutGrid: "uniform"
-    }),
-    state: "ready",
-    // The file's own facts, which is where the size and what decoding it costs
-    // both come from: 1080p24 at 8 Mbit/s, the field file of 2026-08-17. A
-    // fixture that assigned a cost object instead was stating an answer the
-    // file now derives, so nothing it said reached the arithmetic.
-    file: new SourceFile({ sourceKey: "source-1", fileIndex: 0, name: "video.mkv" }).learn({
-      width: 1920,
-      height: 1080,
-      fps: 24,
-      bitrateKbps: 8000
-    }),
-    // An ordinary session reads its own file, and its sound is inside it. The
-    // three differ only for a soundtrack shipped as a file of its own.
-    get inputFile() { return this.file; },
-    get audioFile() { return this.file; },
-    startedAt: Date.now(),
-    lastAccessedAt: Date.now(),
-    ffmpeg: null,
-    lastError: "",
-    segmentFormat: fmp4Format,
-    transcodeVideo,
-    transcodeAudio: true,
-    audioTrackIndex: 0,
-    // The shape this output is encoded AS, decided once for the output rather
-    // than once per session.
-    output: new Output({ encodeWidth: 0, encodeHeight, outputFps: 24, softwarePreset: null, applyTonemap: false }),
-    encodeRunGeneration: 0,
-    failedStartAt: -1,
-    failedStartCount: 0,
-    waitEpoch: 0,
-    usesExplicitCuts: false,
-    useSyntheticPlaylist: true,
-    playlistText: "#EXTM3U\n",
-    segmentCount: 100,
-    progress: { state: "running", processedSeconds: 0, startPositionSeconds: 0, speed: "1.0x" }
-  };
-}
-
-
-/**
- * @returns {Promise<{ manager: object, base: object, dirPath: string }>}
- */
-async function managerWithBase() {
-  const dirPath = await mkdtemp(path.join(os.tmpdir(), "quality-variants-"));
-  // Its own store root — see `helpers/manager.js` for what sharing one cost.
-  const { manager } = managerWithOwnStore();
-  // 812p is what a viewport-sized budget actually produces — deliberately not a
-  // ladder rung, because that is the case the master has to carry.
-  const base = fakeSession({ id: BASE_ID, encodeHeight: 812, dirPath });
-  manager.outputs.set(BASE_ID, base);
-  return { manager, base, dirPath };
-}
-
-function startManagedRun(manager, output, options = {}) {
-  const run = startRunOn(output, options);
-  manager.encodeOrchestrator.adopt(output.outputKey, run);
-  return run;
-}
-
-test("the master offers every rung, the session's own height among them", async (t) => {
-  const { manager, dirPath } = await managerWithBase();
-  t.after(async () => {
-    await manager.lifecycle.disposeAll();
-    await rm(dirPath, { recursive: true, force: true });
-  });
-
-  const master = manager.renditions.buildMasterPlaylist(BASE_ID);
-
-  assert.ok(master, "a re-encoded 1080p source has rungs to choose between");
-  const heights = [...master.matchAll(/^v\/(\d+)\/index\.m3u8$/gm)].map((match) => Number(match[1]));
-  assert.deepEqual(
-    heights,
-    [1080, 812, 720, 540, 480, 360, 240],
-    "the source height, the height already being encoded, and the rungs below it, largest first"
-  );
-  assert.match(master, /^#EXT-X-VERSION:7$/m, "the version the segment format requires");
-  assert.match(master, /RESOLUTION=1280x720/, "each variant states the size it decodes to");
-  assert.ok(
-    !master.includes("2160"),
-    "a rung above the source would be upscaling — invented detail at a higher cost than the source"
-  );
-});
-
-test("audio is published once for the file, and every rung points at it", async (t) => {
-  const { manager, base, dirPath } = await managerWithBase();
-  t.after(async () => {
-    await manager.lifecycle.disposeAll();
-    await rm(dirPath, { recursive: true, force: true });
-  });
-  // The inventory the plan already probed — the same list the browser's audio
-  // menu is built from.
-  manager.getCachedAudioTracks = () => [
-    { index: 0, language: "rus", title: "Дубляж", isDefault: true },
-    { index: 1, language: "eng", title: "", isDefault: false }
-  ];
-  // Settled at creation in production; set here directly, since this test
-  // builds its session by hand.
-  base.spec = outputSpec({ transcodeVideo: true, audioSeparate: true, height: base.output.encodeHeight });
-  manager.viewers.of(base, VIEWER).audio = { trackIndex: 1, transcode: true };
-
-  // ASKED FOR BY THE VIEWER WHOSE CHOICE IT IS. Which soundtrack a master marks
-  // DEFAULT is a fact of the person the master is being built for — the route
-  // passes the name of whoever asked — so a nameless request is answered by the
-  // session's own parameters instead, which is another track entirely.
-  const master = manager.renditions.buildMasterPlaylist(BASE_ID, VIEWER);
-
-  assert.match(
-    master,
-    /#EXT-X-MEDIA:TYPE=AUDIO,GROUP-ID="aud",NAME="Дубляж",LANGUAGE="ru",AUTOSELECT=YES,DEFAULT=NO,URI="a\/0\/index\.m3u8"/,
-    "a track with a title is named by it"
-  );
-  assert.match(
-    master,
-    /#EXT-X-MEDIA:TYPE=AUDIO,GROUP-ID="aud",NAME="eng",LANGUAGE="en",AUTOSELECT=YES,DEFAULT=YES,URI="a\/1\/index\.m3u8"/,
-    "the track the session was created with is the default one, and an untitled track is named by its language"
-  );
-  const streams = [...master.matchAll(/^#EXT-X-STREAM-INF:.*$/gm)].map((match) => match[0]);
-  assert.equal(streams.length, 7, "every rung");
-  assert.ok(
-    streams.every((line) => line.includes('AUDIO="aud"')),
-    "each rung plays with the shared audio rather than carrying its own"
-  );
-});
-
-test("a session that did not ask for renditions gets audio in its stream, as before", async (t) => {
-  const { manager, dirPath } = await managerWithBase();
-  t.after(async () => {
-    await manager.lifecycle.disposeAll();
-    await rm(dirPath, { recursive: true, force: true });
-  });
-  manager.getCachedAudioTracks = () => [{ index: 0, language: "rus", title: "", isDefault: true }];
-
-  const master = manager.renditions.buildMasterPlaylist(BASE_ID);
-
-  assert.ok(!master.includes("EXT-X-MEDIA"), "a browser that does not know about renditions is not sent any");
-  assert.ok(!master.includes("AUDIO="), "and its rungs still carry their own audio");
-});
-
-test("a copied video is offered variants when its cut grid is real", async (t) => {
-  const { manager, base, dirPath } = await managerWithBase();
-  t.after(async () => {
-    await manager.lifecycle.disposeAll();
-    await rm(dirPath, { recursive: true, force: true });
-  });
-  // A copy is cut at the source's own keyframes — it has no other choice. A
-  // re-encoded rung CAN be cut there too, by being told those times, and then
-  // its segments cover the same spans and can stand in the copy's place.
-  base.spec = outputSpec({ transcodeVideo: false, cutGrid: "keyframe" });
-  base.timeline = new Timeline({ boundaries: base.timeline?.boundaries ?? [], cutGrid: "keyframe" });
-
-  const master = manager.renditions.buildMasterPlaylist(BASE_ID);
-
-  assert.ok(master, "the obstacle was never the encoder, it was the cut points");
-  assert.match(master, /^v\/1080\/index\.m3u8$/m, "the copy itself is the top rung — no encoder, no cost");
-  assert.match(master, /^v\/540\/index\.m3u8$/m);
-});
-
-test("a copied video with no readable keyframe index is offered nothing", async (t) => {
-  const { manager, base, dirPath } = await managerWithBase();
-  t.after(async () => {
-    await manager.lifecycle.disposeAll();
-    await rm(dirPath, { recursive: true, force: true });
-  });
-  // Its playlist claims an even grid that ffmpeg does not cut on. Aligning a
-  // rung to that is aligning it to a fiction.
-  base.spec = outputSpec({ transcodeVideo: false, cutGrid: "uniform" });
-  base.timeline = new Timeline({ boundaries: base.timeline?.boundaries ?? [], cutGrid: "uniform" });
-
-  assert.equal(manager.renditions.buildMasterPlaylist(BASE_ID), null);
-});
-
-test("the session's own height resolves to the session itself", async (t) => {
-  const { manager, dirPath } = await managerWithBase();
-  t.after(async () => {
-    await manager.lifecycle.disposeAll();
-    await rm(dirPath, { recursive: true, force: true });
-  });
-
-  assert.deepEqual(
-    await manager.renditions.resolveVariantFile(BASE_ID, 812, "segment-00000.mp4", VIEWER),
-    { sessionId: BASE_ID },
-    "an encoder is already producing this height; making a second one would be a cold start for nothing"
-  );
-});
-
-test("a height the master does not offer is refused", async (t) => {
-  const { manager, dirPath } = await managerWithBase();
-  t.after(async () => {
-    await manager.lifecycle.disposeAll();
-    await rm(dirPath, { recursive: true, force: true });
-  });
-
-  assert.deepEqual(
-    await manager.renditions.resolveVariantFile(BASE_ID, 999, "index.m3u8", VIEWER),
-    { sessionId: null },
-    "honouring an arbitrary height would let a client start encoder runs at will"
-  );
-  assert.deepEqual(
-    await manager.renditions.resolveVariantFile(BASE_ID, 540, "master.m3u8", VIEWER),
-    { sessionId: null },
-    "a master under a variant would describe variants of a variant"
-  );
-});
-
-test("a variant's playlist is answered without starting an encoder for it", async (t) => {
-  const { manager, dirPath } = await managerWithBase();
-  t.after(async () => {
-    await manager.lifecycle.disposeAll();
-    await rm(dirPath, { recursive: true, force: true });
-  });
-
-  const resolved = await manager.renditions.resolveVariantFile(BASE_ID, 540, "index.m3u8", VIEWER);
-
-  assert.deepEqual(
-    resolved,
-    { sessionId: BASE_ID },
-    "every variant of a file has the same media playlist — that is what makes them interchangeable"
-  );
-  assert.equal(
-    chosenOutputOf(manager.viewers, VIEWER, 540),
-    "",
-    "the player fetches a level's playlist to decide with, and may never switch to it"
-  );
-});
-
-test("the rung the page says it plays is the viewer's rung, and the encoder goes with it", async (t) => {
-  const { manager, base, dirPath } = await managerWithBase();
-  t.after(async () => {
-    await manager.lifecycle.disposeAll();
-    await rm(dirPath, { recursive: true, force: true });
-  });
-  const variant = fakeSession({ id: VARIANT_ID, encodeHeight: 540, dirPath });
-  variant.variantHeight = 540;
-  // A step of the picture: made as one, same file, and a height of its own.
-  variant.isStep = true;
-  manager.outputs.markStep(variant);
-  manager.outputs.set(VARIANT_ID, variant);
-  chooseFor(manager, base, 540, variant.outputKey);
-  // The viewer is a hundred seconds in, and the base is the one encoding.
-  base.lastRequestedSegment = 25;
-  const encoder = fakeEncoder();
-  startManagedRun(manager, base, { process: encoder });
-  manager.encodeRuns.planEncodersSoon = () => {};
-  const served = await manager.renditions.resolveVariantFile(BASE_ID, 540, "segment-00025.mp4", VIEWER);
-  assert.equal(served.sessionId, VARIANT_ID, "the file must be served from the variant, not the base");
-  assert.equal(
-    manager.viewers.of(base, VIEWER).activeVariantId ?? null,
-    null,
-    "a request for a rung's segment is the player fetching, not the person having moved"
-  );
-
-  // The page, the moment the player has switched: this rung, and the picture at 100 s.
-  assert.equal(manager.renditions.viewerPlays(BASE_ID, VIEWER, 540, 100), true);
-
-  assert.equal(manager.viewers.of(base, VIEWER).activeVariantId, VARIANT_ID, "the variant the viewer is watching is the active one");
-  assert.ok(
-    Math.abs((manager.viewers.of(variant, VIEWER).positionSeconds() ?? -1) - 100) < 1,
-    "where this person stands on the rung is where their picture is"
-  );
-  // AND THE RUNG THEY CAME OFF IS PRODUCING FOR NOBODY, which is one fact and
-  // not an act. It used to be stopped from this path by hand, and the plan —
-  // handed the whole film's priority map — started it again on the very next
-  // pass, which this viewer's own move had just triggered.
-  assert.equal(
-    manager.outputs.supersededBy(base, manager.viewers.of(base, VIEWER).activeVariantId),
-    true,
-    "the picture they stepped off is nobody's now"
-  );
-  assert.equal(
-    manager.outputs.supersededBy(variant, manager.viewers.of(variant, VIEWER).activeVariantId),
-    false,
-    "and the rung they moved to is theirs"
-  );
-  assert.deepEqual(encoder.signals, [], "stopping it is the plan's, from that fact, and not this path's");
-});
-
-test("a rung is placed where the picture is, not where the other rung had read to", async (t) => {
-  const { manager, base, dirPath } = await managerWithBase();
-  t.after(async () => {
-    await manager.lifecycle.disposeAll();
-    await rm(dirPath, { recursive: true, force: true });
-  });
-  const variant = fakeSession({ id: VARIANT_ID, encodeHeight: 540, dirPath });
-  variant.variantHeight = 540;
-  // A step of the picture: made as one, same file, and a height of its own.
-  variant.isStep = true;
-  manager.outputs.markStep(variant);
-  manager.outputs.set(VARIANT_ID, variant);
-  chooseFor(manager, base, 540, variant.outputKey);
-  startManagedRun(manager, base, { process: fakeEncoder() });
-  // The rung being left had read fourteen segments further than the picture had
-  // played — an encoder running at several times realtime fills the buffer far
-  // ahead. Measured 2026-08-11: 56 s of gap, and using the read head placed the
-  // new run past everything the player then asked for, which no request could
-  // ever be answered from.
-  base.lastRequestedSegment = 70;
-
-  await manager.renditions.resolveVariantFile(BASE_ID, 540, "segment-00056.mp4", VIEWER);
-  manager.renditions.viewerPlays(BASE_ID, VIEWER, 540, 224);
-
-  assert.equal(
-    manager.viewers.of(variant, VIEWER).positionSeconds(),
-    224,
-    "where the page says the picture is — 224 s, segment 56 on a four-second grid — " +
-    "not the read head fourteen segments further on"
-  );
-});
-
-test("warming a rung prepares it without taking the encoder from the one on screen", async (t) => {
-  const { manager, base, dirPath } = await managerWithBase();
-  t.after(async () => {
-    await manager.lifecycle.disposeAll();
-    await rm(dirPath, { recursive: true, force: true });
-  });
-  const variant = fakeSession({ id: VARIANT_ID, encodeHeight: 540, dirPath });
-  variant.variantHeight = 540;
-  // A step of the picture: made as one, same file, and a height of its own.
-  variant.isStep = true;
-  manager.outputs.markStep(variant);
-  manager.outputs.set(VARIANT_ID, variant);
-  chooseFor(manager, base, 540, variant.outputKey);
-  const encoder = fakeEncoder();
-  startManagedRun(manager, base, { process: encoder });
-  manager.encodeRuns.planEncodersSoon = () => {};
-  const prepared = await manager.renditions.prepareVariant(BASE_ID, 540, 240, VIEWER);
-
-  assert.deepEqual(
-    prepared,
-    { sessionId: VARIANT_ID, fileName: "segment-00060.mp4" },
-    "the caller is told which segment to wait for — 240 s on a four-second grid"
-  );
-  assert.equal(
-    manager.viewers.of(variant, VIEWER).positionSeconds(),
-    240,
-    "the rung being warmed is told where this person is, which is what buys it an encoder"
-  );
-  assert.equal(manager.viewers.of(base, VIEWER).activeVariantId, null, "nothing has switched yet");
-  assert.equal([...base.runs][0]?.process, encoder, "the picture on screen keeps its encoder until the player actually moves");
-  assert.deepEqual(encoder.signals, [], "stopping it here is what would put the spinner back");
-});
-
-test("a rung warmed at the playhead survives the switch that lands just ahead of it", async (t) => {
-  const { manager, base, dirPath } = await managerWithBase();
-  t.after(async () => {
-    await manager.lifecycle.disposeAll();
-    await rm(dirPath, { recursive: true, force: true });
-  });
-  const variant = fakeSession({ id: VARIANT_ID, encodeHeight: 540, dirPath });
-  variant.variantHeight = 540;
-  // A step of the picture: made as one, same file, and a height of its own.
-  variant.isStep = true;
-  manager.outputs.markStep(variant);
-  manager.outputs.set(VARIANT_ID, variant);
-  chooseFor(manager, base, 540, variant.outputKey);
-  startManagedRun(manager, base, { process: fakeEncoder() });
-  // Warmed AT THE PLAYHEAD (240 s = segment #60), which is what the browser
-  // sends from server 0.10.0 onwards, and the run is alive and has produced a
-  // few segments past it.
-  await manager.renditions.prepareVariant(BASE_ID, 540, 240, VIEWER);
-
-  startManagedRun(manager, variant, { from: 59, process: fakeEncoder() });
-  variant.progress = { ...variant.progress, processedSeconds: 268 };
-  variant.seekTarget = null;
-  variant.seekSettleTimer = null;
-
-  // hls.js flushes from the fragment after the one holding
-  // `currentTime + fetchdelay`, so its first request for the new rung is the
-  // playhead plus up to one fragment — here #61 against a run that began at
-  // #59. Warming at the END OF THE BUFFER instead put the run tens of seconds
-  // AHEAD of this request, which the proxy then read as a seek backwards:
-  // measured 2026-08-14, that killed a run holding 21.8 s of encoded output.
-  await manager.renditions.resolveVariantFile(BASE_ID, 540, "segment-00061.mp4", VIEWER);
-  manager.renditions.viewerPlays(BASE_ID, VIEWER, 540, 244);
-
-  assert.equal(manager.viewers.of(base, VIEWER).activeVariantId, VARIANT_ID, "the viewer has moved to this rung");
-  assert.equal(
-    variant.seekTarget,
-    null,
-    "the request is inside the warmed run, so nothing is repositioned and the warm-up is kept"
-  );
-  assert.equal([...variant.runs][0].from, 59, "the run still begins where it was warmed");
-});
-
-test("a rung warmed PAST the switch is repositioned, which is what warming late costs", async (t) => {
-  const { manager, base, dirPath } = await managerWithBase();
-  t.after(async () => {
-    await manager.lifecycle.disposeAll();
-    await rm(dirPath, { recursive: true, force: true });
-  });
-  const variant = fakeSession({ id: VARIANT_ID, encodeHeight: 540, dirPath });
-  variant.variantHeight = 540;
-  // A step of the picture: made as one, same file, and a height of its own.
-  variant.isStep = true;
-  manager.outputs.markStep(variant);
-  manager.outputs.set(VARIANT_ID, variant);
-  chooseFor(manager, base, 540, variant.outputKey);
-  startManagedRun(manager, base, { process: fakeEncoder() });
-  // The same session, warmed where the BUFFER ended rather than where the
-  // picture was — 60 s further on, which is an ordinary cushion. This is what
-  // server 0.9.3 sent and 0.11.0 stopped sending.
-  await manager.renditions.prepareVariant(BASE_ID, 540, 300, VIEWER);
-  startManagedRun(manager, variant, { from: 74, process: fakeEncoder() });
-  variant.progress = { ...variant.progress, processedSeconds: 310 };
-
-  // hls.js still lands near the playhead, so the request is far BEHIND the
-  // warmed run: the proxy reads it as a seek backwards and starts again, and
-  // everything the warm-up produced is thrown away. Measured in the field
-  // 2026-08-14 as 21.8 s of encoded output destroyed by the act of using it.
-  await manager.renditions.resolveVariantFile(BASE_ID, 540, "segment-00061.mp4", VIEWER);
-  manager.renditions.viewerPlays(BASE_ID, VIEWER, 540, 244);
-
-  assert.equal(
-    manager.viewers.of(variant, VIEWER).positionSeconds(),
-    244,
-    "where the picture is, not where the warm-up had run to"
-  );
-});
-
-test("the rung on screen fetching its own segments does not cancel a warm-up", async (t) => {
-  const { manager, base, dirPath } = await managerWithBase();
-  t.after(async () => {
-    await manager.lifecycle.disposeAll();
-    await rm(dirPath, { recursive: true, force: true });
-  });
-  const variant = fakeSession({ id: VARIANT_ID, encodeHeight: 540, dirPath });
-  variant.variantHeight = 540;
-  // A step of the picture: made as one, same file, and a height of its own.
-  variant.isStep = true;
-  manager.outputs.markStep(variant);
-  manager.outputs.set(VARIANT_ID, variant);
-  chooseFor(manager, base, 540, variant.outputKey);
-  const warmedEncoder = fakeEncoder();
-  startManagedRun(manager, variant, { process: warmedEncoder });
-  startManagedRun(manager, base, { process: fakeEncoder() });
-  manager.encodeRuns.planEncodersSoon = () => {};
-  await manager.renditions.prepareVariant(BASE_ID, 540, 100, VIEWER);
-
-  // The viewer has not moved: the rung they are watching goes on asking for its
-  // own segments, every few seconds, for as long as they watch.
-  await manager.renditions.resolveVariantFile(BASE_ID, 812, "segment-00026.mp4", VIEWER);
-  manager.renditions.viewerPlays(BASE_ID, VIEWER, 812, 104);
-  await manager.renditions.resolveVariantFile(BASE_ID, 812, "segment-00027.mp4", VIEWER);
-  manager.renditions.viewerPlays(BASE_ID, VIEWER, 812, 108);
-
-  // Kept per viewer.
-  assert.equal(
-    manager.viewers.forOutput(base).get(VIEWER)?.warmingVariantId ?? null,
-    VARIANT_ID,
-    "the rung being prepared is still being prepared"
-  );
-  assert.deepEqual(
-    warmedEncoder.signals,
-    [],
-    "cancelling it here left the viewer waiting out the whole warm-up for a segment nobody was making"
-  );
-});
-
-test("warming the height the base itself serves still points it at the switch", async (t) => {
-  const { manager, base, dirPath } = await managerWithBase();
-  t.after(async () => {
-    await manager.lifecycle.disposeAll();
-    await rm(dirPath, { recursive: true, force: true });
-  });
-  // The viewer is on another rung; the base is parked where they left it, with
-  // its encoder stopped. Warming its height must bring it back.
-  const variant = fakeSession({ id: VARIANT_ID, encodeHeight: 540, dirPath });
-  variant.variantHeight = 540;
-  manager.outputs.set(VARIANT_ID, variant);
-  chooseFor(manager, base, 540, variant.outputKey);
-  manager.viewers.of(base, VIEWER).activeVariantId = VARIANT_ID;
-  base.runs = new Set();
-
-  await manager.renditions.prepareVariant(BASE_ID, 812, 400, VIEWER);
-
-  // 400 s falls on the boundary between #99 and #100, and a run starts one
-  // segment back so the player has the preceding keyframe.
-  assert.equal(
-    manager.viewers.of(base, VIEWER).positionSeconds(),
-    396,
-    "the base is parked where they left it, so warming its height says where they are like any other rung"
-  );
-});
-
-test("the viewer's position is kept current by the segments they ask for", async (t) => {
-  const { manager, base, dirPath } = await managerWithBase();
-  t.after(async () => {
-    await manager.lifecycle.disposeAll();
-    await rm(dirPath, { recursive: true, force: true });
-  });
-  // A REQUEST SAYS NOTHING ABOUT WHERE THEY ARE, and asking for one must not
-  // move them. Where they are is what they stated — a seek, or a report
-  // carrying their playhead — and it stands until they state otherwise.
-  manager.viewers.of(base, VIEWER).moveTo(40);
-
-  await manager.serving.getFileStream(BASE_ID, "segment-00090.mp4", { consumerId: VIEWER });
-
-  assert.ok(
-    Math.abs((manager.viewers.of(base, VIEWER).positionSeconds() ?? -1) - 40) < 1,
-    "a request for segment #90 leaves the viewer where they said they were"
-  );
-});
-
-test("a playlist or an init segment does not move the encoder", async (t) => {
-  const { manager, base, dirPath } = await managerWithBase();
-  t.after(async () => {
-    await manager.lifecycle.disposeAll();
-    await rm(dirPath, { recursive: true, force: true });
-  });
-  const variant = fakeSession({ id: VARIANT_ID, encodeHeight: 540, dirPath });
-  manager.outputs.set(VARIANT_ID, variant);
-  chooseFor(manager, base, 540, variant.outputKey);
-  startManagedRun(manager, base, { process: fakeEncoder() });
-  manager.encodeRuns.planEncodersSoon = () => {};
-  chooseFor(manager, base, 540, variant.outputKey);
-  await manager.renditions.resolveVariantFile(BASE_ID, 540, "index.m3u8", VIEWER);
-  await manager.renditions.resolveVariantFile(BASE_ID, 540, "init.mp4", VIEWER);
-
-  assert.notEqual(
-    manager.viewers.of(base, VIEWER).activeVariantId,
-    VARIANT_ID,
-    "hls.js fetches a level's playlist and init to decide with, and may never switch to it"
-  );
-  assert.ok([...base.runs][0]?.process, "the stream on screen must keep its encoder while the player is only looking");
-});
-
-test("the name of a variant is fixed, whatever its encode is later set to", async (t) => {
-  const { manager, base, dirPath } = await managerWithBase();
-  t.after(async () => {
-    await manager.lifecycle.disposeAll();
-    await rm(dirPath, { recursive: true, force: true });
-  });
-  // The player fetched the master once and addresses this variant as 812p for
-  // the rest of the session, so the name must not follow the encode. Nothing in
-  // the proxy changes `encodeHeight` mid-session any more — a change of size is
-  // a change of variant now — but the name and the encode are still two
-  // different things, and the addressing depends on their staying so.
-  assert.equal(manager.outputs.variantHeightOf(base), 812);
-  base.encodeHeight = 540;
-
-  assert.equal(
-    manager.outputs.variantHeightOf(base),
-    812,
-    "the name stays; renaming it would leave the player addressing a variant nobody answers for"
-  );
-  assert.deepEqual(
-    await manager.renditions.resolveVariantFile(BASE_ID, 812, "segment-00000.mp4", VIEWER),
-    { sessionId: BASE_ID },
-    "a second session at a height the host has already failed to manage is the opposite of what a step is for"
-  );
-});
-
-test("the cut grid follows the grid asked for, not who produces the frames", () => {
-  // Why a segment from one encoder can stand where another's would have: both
-  // are cut at the same times. Which times is a property of the SESSION — the
-  // even grid, or the source's own keyframes — and it must not be re-derived
-  // from whether the video is copied, because a variant of a copied stream is
-  // re-encoded and still has to land on the copy's cuts.
-  const shape = { durationSeconds: 100, segDur: SEGMENT_SECONDS, startTime: 0 };
-  const keyframeTimes = [0, 3.1, 9.7, 14.2, 21.5, 40, 61.25];
-
-  const even = computeCutGrid({ ...shape, useKeyframeGrid: false, keyframeTimes });
-  assert.equal(even.boundaries[1], SEGMENT_SECONDS, "the even grid ignores the source's keyframes");
-  assert.equal(even.boundaries.at(-1), 100);
-
-  const source = computeCutGrid({ ...shape, useKeyframeGrid: true, keyframeTimes });
-  assert.deepEqual(
-    source.boundaries,
-    [0, 9.7, 14.2, 21.5, 40, 61.25, 100],
-    "the source's own keyframes, kept only where they are at least a segment apart"
-  );
-
-  // The one that matters: a copy and a re-encoded rung of it, given the same
-  // grid, produce the SAME table. Segment N then covers the same span in both,
-  // which is what lets one stand where the other would have.
-  assert.deepEqual(
-    computeCutGrid({ ...shape, useKeyframeGrid: true, keyframeTimes }).boundaries,
-    source.boundaries,
-    "a variant inherits the grid, so its boundaries are the same values"
-  );
-  // And with no index there is nothing to align to — the even grid, whoever asks.
-  assert.deepEqual(
-    computeCutGrid({ ...shape, useKeyframeGrid: true, keyframeTimes: null }).boundaries,
-    even.boundaries,
-    "no keyframes means no keyframe grid, however the caller asks"
-  );
-});
-
-test("a boundary carries the keyframe it is, exactly as the container stated it", () => {
-  // The fault that stopped a viewing on 2026-09-05. A boundary is kept on the
-  // player's clock, `keyframe - startTime`, rounded; the seek used to add the
-  // start time back and look the result up in the container's list by value.
-  // The round trip is lossy — 26.234 - 0.083 + 0.083 is 26.233999999999998 —
-  // and "the keyframe at or before that" is then the PREVIOUS one, a whole
-  // keyframe interval earlier.
-  const startTime = 0.083;
-  const keyframeTimes = [];
-  for (let index = 0; index < 60; index += 1) {
-    keyframeTimes.push(Number((startTime + index * 8.717).toFixed(3)));
-  }
-  const grid = computeCutGrid({
-    useKeyframeGrid: true, durationSeconds: 500, segDur: SEGMENT_SECONDS, keyframeTimes, startTime
-  });
-
-  assert.equal(grid.sourceTimes[0], startTime, "the first cut is the start of the file");
-  assert.equal(grid.boundaries.length, grid.sourceTimes.length, "an index must name both clocks");
-  for (let index = 1; index < grid.boundaries.length - 1; index += 1) {
-    assert.ok(
-      keyframeTimes.includes(grid.sourceTimes[index]),
-      `cut #${index} carries ${grid.sourceTimes[index]}, which the container never stated`
-    );
-  }
-
-  // What the round trip does, so the reason this table exists cannot be
-  // mistaken for caution: at least one boundary fails to find itself.
-  const lost = grid.boundaries
-    .slice(1, -1)
-    .filter((published, at) => nearestKeyframeAtOrBefore(keyframeTimes, published + startTime)
-      !== grid.sourceTimes[at + 1]);
-  assert.ok(
-    lost.length > 0,
-    "the search agreed everywhere, so this fixture no longer reproduces the fault it was built for"
-  );
-});
-
-test("a run on the keyframe grid is given no trim to apply", () => {
-  // The second half of the same fault. That trim is an output-side `-ss`, and
-  // beside `-copyts` it moves the whole run backwards by its own amount:
-  // measured 2026-09-06 on a 5 s keyframe interval, a run landing at 15 s and
-  // asked to trim to the cut at 20 s produced its first file starting at 10 s.
-  // Every cut of the run inherits it while the numbering, fixed at spawn, does
-  // not — so the files are named for times they do not hold.
-  const startTime = 0.083;
-  const keyframeTimes = [];
-  for (let index = 0; index < 60; index += 1) {
-    keyframeTimes.push(Number((startTime + index * 8.717).toFixed(3)));
-  }
-  const grid = computeCutGrid({
-    useKeyframeGrid: true, durationSeconds: 500, segDur: SEGMENT_SECONDS, keyframeTimes, startTime
-  });
-  const timeline = new Timeline({
-    boundaries: grid.boundaries, sourceTimes: grid.sourceTimes, cutGrid: "keyframe"
-  });
-
-  for (let index = 1; index < grid.boundaries.length - 1; index += 1) {
-    const { args } = buildRunCommand({
-      keyframes: { times: keyframeTimes },
-      inputFile: { startTime },
-      audioFile: { startTime },
-      inputUrl: "http://127.0.0.1/stream",
-      audioInputUrl: "",
-      outputDir: ".",
-      timeline,
-      segmentFormat: fmp4Format,
-      transcodeVideo: false,
-      transcodeAudio: true,
-      audioOnly: false,
-      audioSeparate: false,
-      audioSourceTrackIndex: 0,
-      rateControl: null,
-      startIndex: index,
-      endIndex: index,
-      videoEncoder: { name: "libx264" },
-      segmentDurationSec: SEGMENT_SECONDS
-    });
-    // One input seek establishes decode order in the preceding private cut.
-    assert.equal(
-      args.filter((one) => one === "-ss").length,
-      1,
-      `run at #${index} was given a trim beside -copyts`
-    );
-    const seek = Number(args[args.indexOf("-ss") + 1]);
-    assert.ok(
-      Math.abs(seek - grid.sourceTimes[index - 1]) < 0.2,
-      `run at #${index} seeks to ${seek}, not to the preceding keyframe ${grid.sourceTimes[index - 1]}`
-    );
-    assert.equal(Number(args[args.indexOf("-segment_start_number") + 1]), index - 1);
-  }
-});
-
-test("a rung served by copy stays offered while a re-encoded rung is on screen", async (t) => {
-  const { manager, base, dirPath } = await managerWithBase();
-  t.after(async () => {
-    await manager.lifecycle.disposeAll();
-    await rm(dirPath, { recursive: true, force: true });
-  });
-  // The field case of 2026-08-15: a 1080p source served by COPY, the viewer on
-  // 240p, and a host too weak to re-encode anything above it.
-  base.spec = outputSpec({ transcodeVideo: false, cutGrid: "keyframe" });
-  base.encodeHeight = 1080;
-  base.variantHeight = 1080;
-  // Enough to re-encode 240p (1.67x combined) and nowhere near enough for
-  // 720p (0.45x) — the field's own shape, where the rung the viewer picked was
-  // offered and everything between it and the copy was not.
-  manager.softwarePresetBenchmark = [{ preset: "ultrafast", pixelsPerSec: 12_000_000 }];
-  manager.decodeCostModel = { pixelTerm: 0.00793, bitrateTerm: 0, constantTerm: 0 };
-  // What decoding this source costs comes from the file's own facts, stated in
-  // the fixture: 49.766 Mpx/s at 8 Mbit/s.
-  assert.ok(base.file.decode, "the fixture must state enough for a decode cost to exist");
-
-  const watching = fakeSession({ id: VARIANT_ID, encodeHeight: 240, dirPath });
-  watching.variantHeight = 240;
-  // The rung knows the source as well as the base does, because it IS the same
-  // file. Without that it prices nothing at all — every height comes back
-  // "sustainable" for want of a measurement — and the assertion below would
-  // hold for the wrong reason.
-  watching.file = base.file;
-  // A step of the picture: same file, and made as a step.
-  watching.isStep = true;
-  manager.outputs.markStep(watching);
-  manager.outputs.set(VARIANT_ID, watching);
-  chooseFor(manager, base, 240, watching.outputKey);
-  manager.viewers.of(base, VIEWER).activeVariantId = VARIANT_ID;
-
-  const offered = manager.quality.offeredHeights(watching);
-
-  assert.ok(
-    offered.includes(1080),
-    "the height the source is COPIED at costs no encoder, so no measurement of this host can withdraw it"
-  );
-  assert.deepEqual(
-    offered,
-    manager.quality.offeredHeights(base),
-    "one answer for the family: a rung asked while watching another must not disagree with the base"
-  );
-});
-
-test("a separately published audio track starts where the picture is, from the reported buffer", async (t) => {
-  const { manager, base, dirPath } = await managerWithBase();
-  t.after(async () => {
-    await manager.lifecycle.disposeAll();
-    await rm(dirPath, { recursive: true, force: true });
-  });
-  base.spec = outputSpec({ transcodeVideo: true, audioSeparate: true, height: base.output.encodeHeight });
-  manager.viewers.of(base, VIEWER).audio = { trackIndex: 1, transcode: true };
-  // The viewer says where their picture is: 100 s. That, less a segment of
-  // margin, is where the track has to begin — no subtraction of anything,
-  // because the position is the playhead and not the edge of a buffer.
-  manager.viewers.of(base, "viewer").moveTo(100);
-  manager.viewers.of(base, "viewer").playing = false;
-  manager.getCachedAudioTracks = () => [
-    { index: 0, language: "rus", title: "", isDefault: true },
-    { index: 1, language: "eng", title: "", isDefault: false }
-  ];
-  const created = [];
-  manager.viewerRequests.createOrGetSession = async (params) => {
-    created.push(params);
-    const rendition = fakeSession({ id: VARIANT_ID, encodeHeight: 0, dirPath, audioOnly: true });
-    return { sessionId: VARIANT_ID, session: rendition };
-  };
-
-  await manager.renditions.resolveAudioRenditionFile(BASE_ID, 1, "segment-00010.mp4", VIEWER);
-
-  assert.equal(created.length, 1, "the track's own session was made");
-  assert.equal(
-    created[0].startPositionSeconds,
-    96,
-    "140 s served, less the 40 s the player holds, less one segment of margin"
-  );
-});
-
-test("with two viewers the audio track starts at the EARLIEST picture, not the read head", async (t) => {
-  const { manager, base, dirPath } = await managerWithBase();
-  t.after(async () => {
-    await manager.lifecycle.disposeAll();
-    await rm(dirPath, { recursive: true, force: true });
-  });
-  base.spec = outputSpec({ transcodeVideo: true, audioSeparate: true, height: base.output.encodeHeight });
-  // A copied picture is one session shared by both of them, and a track begun
-  // at the leader has nothing to give the one behind.
-  manager.viewers.of(base, "ahead").moveTo(100);
-  manager.viewers.of(base, "ahead").playing = false;
-  manager.viewers.of(base, "behind").moveTo(40);
-  manager.viewers.of(base, "behind").playing = false;
-  manager.getCachedAudioTracks = () => [
-    { index: 0, language: "rus", title: "", isDefault: true },
-    { index: 1, language: "eng", title: "", isDefault: false }
-  ];
-  const created = [];
-  manager.viewerRequests.createOrGetSession = async (params) => {
-    created.push(params);
-    const rendition = fakeSession({ id: VARIANT_ID, encodeHeight: 0, dirPath, audioOnly: true });
-    return { sessionId: VARIANT_ID, session: rendition };
-  };
-
-  await manager.renditions.resolveAudioRenditionFile(BASE_ID, 1, "segment-00010.mp4", VIEWER);
-
-  assert.equal(
-    created[0].startPositionSeconds,
-    36,
-    "the viewer at 40 s, less one segment of margin — a run starting at the leader " +
-      "has nothing to give the one behind them"
-  );
-});
-
-test("a soundtrack begins where a viewer says they are, whenever they said it", async (t) => {
-  const { manager, base, dirPath } = await managerWithBase();
-  t.after(async () => {
-    await manager.lifecycle.disposeAll();
-    await rm(dirPath, { recursive: true, force: true });
-  });
-  base.spec = outputSpec({ transcodeVideo: true, audioSeparate: true, height: base.output.encodeHeight });
-  // TWO RULES WENT WHEN THE QUANTITY STOPPED MEANING TWO THINGS. A position
-  // "past the read head" had to be clamped, because the read head was a
-  // request edge and a report could overtake it; and a report older than a few
-  // seconds had to be discarded, because it was being subtracted from that
-  // edge. Neither survives: this is where the viewer's PICTURE is, they are the
-  // only writer of it, and between statements it moves at the rate the film
-  // moves. An old statement from a stopped viewer is exactly as true as a new
-  // one.
-  const viewer = manager.viewers.of(base, "viewer");
-  viewer.moveTo(900, Date.now() - 600_000);
-  viewer.playing = false;
-  manager.getCachedAudioTracks = () => [
-    { index: 0, language: "rus", title: "", isDefault: true },
-    { index: 1, language: "eng", title: "", isDefault: false }
-  ];
-  const created = [];
-  manager.viewerRequests.createOrGetSession = async (params) => {
-    created.push(params);
-    const rendition = fakeSession({ id: VARIANT_ID, encodeHeight: 0, dirPath, audioOnly: true });
-    return { sessionId: VARIANT_ID, session: rendition };
-  };
-
-  await manager.renditions.resolveAudioRenditionFile(BASE_ID, 1, "segment-00010.mp4", VIEWER);
-
-  assert.equal(
-    created[0].startPositionSeconds,
-    896,
-    "ten minutes of silence from a stopped viewer says they are still at 900 s"
-  );
-});
-
-test("an audio track is prepared at the position the switch will land on", async (t) => {
-  const { manager, base, dirPath } = await managerWithBase();
-  t.after(async () => {
-    await manager.lifecycle.disposeAll();
-    await rm(dirPath, { recursive: true, force: true });
-  });
-  base.spec = outputSpec({ transcodeVideo: true, audioSeparate: true, height: base.output.encodeHeight });
-  manager.viewers.of(base, VIEWER).audio = { trackIndex: 1, transcode: true };
-  manager.getCachedAudioTracks = () => [
-    { index: 0, language: "rus", title: "", isDefault: true },
-    { index: 1, language: "eng", title: "", isDefault: false }
-  ];
-  const rendition = fakeSession({
-    id: VARIANT_ID,
-    encodeHeight: 0,
-    dirPath,
-    audioOnly: true,
-    audioSourceTrackIndex: 1
-  });
-  rendition.id = rendition.spec.toName();
-  // A soundtrack of THIS picture: the same file, published on its own. Found by
-  // what it is — there is no list of ids to put it on.
-  rendition.file = base.file;
-  startManagedRun(manager, rendition, { process: fakeEncoder() });
-  manager.outputs.set(rendition.id, rendition);
-
-  const prepared = await manager.renditions.prepareAudioTrack(BASE_ID, 1, 240, VIEWER);
-
-  assert.deepEqual(
-    prepared,
-    { sessionId: rendition.id, fileName: "segment-00060.mp4" },
-    "the caller is told which segment to wait for — 240 s on a four-second grid"
-  );
-  assert.equal(
-    manager.viewers.of(rendition, VIEWER).positionSeconds(),
-    240,
-    "and the track is told where this person is, which is what the switch will land on"
-  );
-});
-
-test("a reading from a soundtrack is priced as one", () => {
-  // The fault this pins: an audio rendition reached no learner at all. One
-  // guard refused renditions a reading, and the only call that would have
-  // priced one sat behind a second guard its caller had already made — so a
-  // soundtrack ran for the whole film and was charged at nothing, which is the
-  // half of roadmap item 6 that was left owing.
-  assert.equal(costKindForSession({ spec: outputSpec({ audioOnly: true }) }), "audio");
-  assert.equal(
-    costKindForSession({ spec: outputSpec({ audioOnly: true, transcodeVideo: true }) }),
-    "audio",
-    "a rendition carries no picture, whatever the flag it inherited says"
-  );
-  assert.equal(costKindForSession({ spec: outputSpec({ transcodeVideo: true }) }), "decode");
-  assert.equal(costKindForSession({ spec: outputSpec({ transcodeVideo: false }) }), "copy");
-});
-
-test("a quality step being warmed is not refused by its own cost", async (t) => {
-  const dirPath = await mkdtemp(path.join(os.tmpdir(), "warm-cost-"));
-  // The addon host's own figures, so the arithmetic below is the field's and
-  // not an invention. Without a benchmark the check returns every height
-  // untouched and a test over it would pass while proving nothing.
-  const { manager } = managerWithOwnStore({
-    softwarePresetBenchmark: [
-      { preset: "fast", pixelsPerSec: 17.0e6 },
-      { preset: "ultrafast", pixelsPerSec: 67.5e6 }
-    ],
-    decodeCostModel: { pixelTerm: 0.007742, bitrateTerm: 0, constantTerm: 0 }
-  });
-  t.after(async () => {
-    await manager.lifecycle.disposeAll();
-    await rm(dirPath, { recursive: true, force: true });
-  });
-  // A copied 1080p picture, and a 240p step warmed beside it for a switch —
-  // which is what every quality change does, two encoders on purpose.
-  const base = fakeSession({ id: BASE_ID, encodeHeight: 0, dirPath, transcodeVideo: false });
-  base.variantHeight = 1080;
-  // What this source costs to decode comes from the file's own facts, stated in
-  // the fixture: 1080p24 at 8 Mbit/s, the field file. Without them nothing can
-  // be priced and every height comes back offerable for want of a measurement,
-  // which would make the assertion hold for the wrong reason.
-  assert.ok(base.file.decode, "the fixture must state enough for a decode cost to exist");
-  const warming = fakeSession({ id: VARIANT_ID, encodeHeight: 240, dirPath });
-  warming.variantHeight = 240;
-  // Two sessions of ONE file share its facts, which is the whole point of the
-  // file being an object: a step warmed beside the picture is not a second file.
-  warming.file = base.file;
-  chooseFor(manager, base, 240, warming.outputKey);
-  // A step of the picture: same file, and a height of its own.
-  // Running, and running well: it says of itself that it holds twice realtime,
-  // i.e. half a second of work per second of video.
-  startManagedRun(manager, warming, { process: fakeEncoder() });
-  qualityStateOf(warming).lastAloneSpeed = 2;
-  manager.outputs.set(BASE_ID, base);
-  manager.outputs.set(VARIANT_ID, warming);
-
-  const offered = manager.quality.offeredHeights(base);
-
-  assert.ok(
-    offered.includes(240),
-    "charged its own cost while being judged, the step the viewer just asked for is dropped from the " +
-      "offer by the act of warming it — and its next segment 404s on a stream that is playing"
-  );
-});
-
-test("the master survives a live offer that has collapsed to one rung", async (t) => {
-  // The field case of 2026-08-18, in the smallest form that reproduces it: a
-  // host too slow for any re-encoded rung, and a swarm whose interruptions
-  // demand far more than realtime. The live offer then holds only the height an
-  // encoder is already producing — and until this test existed, that made
-  // `buildMasterPlaylist` answer null and the route answer 404 to a session
-  // that had just published the address.
-  const dirPath = await mkdtemp(path.join(os.tmpdir(), "quality-variants-collapse-"));
-  const { manager } = managerWithOwnStore({
-    // A megapixel a second: every rung below the source costs more than the
-    // machine has.
-    softwarePresetBenchmark: [{ preset: "veryfast", pixelsPerSec: 1_000_000 }],
-    decodeCostModel: { pixelTerm: 0.01, bitrateTerm: 0, constantTerm: 0 }
-  });
-  const base = fakeSession({ id: BASE_ID, encodeHeight: 812, dirPath });
-  // A thicker source than the fixture's, stated as the file's own bitrate
-  // rather than as a cost object the file now derives.
-  base.file.learn({ width: 1920, height: 1080, fps: 24, bitrateKbps: 10_000 });
-  // What this file's own reader measured: a step must run at eight times
-  // realtime to survive this swarm.
-  manager.hostLoad.requiredSpeedFor = () => 8;
-  manager.outputs.set(BASE_ID, base);
-  t.after(async () => {
-    await manager.lifecycle.disposeAll();
-    await rm(dirPath, { recursive: true, force: true });
-  });
-
-  assert.deepEqual(
-    manager.quality.offeredHeights(base),
-    [812],
-    "the live judgement is unchanged: nothing but the running height is worth offering"
-  );
-
-  const master = manager.renditions.buildMasterPlaylist(BASE_ID);
-
-  assert.ok(master, "the master is a published document, not a live figure");
-  const heights = [...master.matchAll(/^v\/(\d+)\/index\.m3u8$/gm)].map((match) => Number(match[1]));
-  assert.deepEqual(
-    heights,
-    [1080, 812, 720, 540, 480, 360, 240],
-    "every rung that can be spliced onto this cut grid stays addressable"
-  );
-});
-
-test("two heights that clamp onto one picture share a single encoder", async (t) => {
-  const { manager, base, dirPath } = await managerWithBase();
-  const spawnedDirs = [];
-  t.after(async () => {
-    await manager.lifecycle.disposeAll();
-    await Promise.all(spawnedDirs.map((dir) => rm(dir, { recursive: true, force: true })));
-    await rm(dirPath, { recursive: true, force: true });
-  });
-
-  // A host that can hold exactly one rung. Whatever height is asked for, the
-  // clamp inside createOrGetSession lands the encode on 240p — which is what a
-  // CM4 did on 2026-08-28, turning a 360p and a 540p request into two more
-  // ffmpeg processes making the same 426x240 picture as the 240p one.
-  const madeIds = [VARIANT_ID, SECOND_VARIANT_ID];
-  const created = [];
-  manager.viewerRequests.createOrGetSession = async (params) => {
-    const id = madeIds[created.length];
-    created.push(params);
-    const variantDir = await mkdtemp(path.join(os.tmpdir(), "quality-variants-clamped-"));
-    spawnedDirs.push(variantDir);
-    const variant = fakeSession({ id, encodeHeight: 240, dirPath: variantDir });
-    manager.outputs.set(id, variant);
-    return variant;
-  };
-
-  const asked360 = await askFor(manager, base, 360);
-  const asked540 = await askFor(manager, base, 540);
-
-  assert.equal(asked360.id, VARIANT_ID, "the first request made the encoder");
-  assert.equal(
-    asked540.id,
-    VARIANT_ID,
-    "and the second is served by it, because it produces the very same picture"
-  );
-  assert.equal(
-    manager.outputs.has(SECOND_VARIANT_ID),
-    false,
-    "the duplicate was let go as soon as its size was known"
-  );
-  assert.equal(
-    chosenOutputOf(manager.viewers, VIEWER, 540),
-    manager.outputs.get(VARIANT_ID)?.outputKey,
-    "540p is recorded as answered by the output the machine can hold"
-  );
-
-  const askedAgain = await askFor(manager, base, 540);
-
-  assert.equal(askedAgain.id, VARIANT_ID);
-  assert.equal(created.length, 2, "the third request created nothing at all");
-});
-
-test("rungs that really do differ keep their own encoders", async (t) => {
-  const { manager, base, dirPath } = await managerWithBase();
-  const spawnedDirs = [];
-  t.after(async () => {
-    await manager.lifecycle.disposeAll();
-    await Promise.all(spawnedDirs.map((dir) => rm(dir, { recursive: true, force: true })));
-    await rm(dirPath, { recursive: true, force: true });
-  });
-
-  // A host with room: each request is encoded at the height it named, so
-  // nothing may be merged. The sharing above must not become "one encoder for
-  // every rung".
-  const madeIds = [VARIANT_ID, SECOND_VARIANT_ID];
-  const created = [];
-  manager.viewerRequests.createOrGetSession = async (params) => {
-    const id = madeIds[created.length];
-    created.push(params);
-    const variantDir = await mkdtemp(path.join(os.tmpdir(), "quality-variants-distinct-"));
-    spawnedDirs.push(variantDir);
-    const variant = fakeSession({ id, encodeHeight: params.targetHeight, dirPath: variantDir });
-    manager.outputs.set(id, variant);
-    return variant;
-  };
-
-  const asked360 = await askFor(manager, base, 360);
-  const asked540 = await askFor(manager, base, 540);
-
-  assert.equal(asked360.id, VARIANT_ID);
-  assert.equal(asked540.id, SECOND_VARIANT_ID, "two different pictures, two encoders");
-  assert.equal(chosenOutputOf(manager.viewers, VIEWER, 360), asked360.outputKey);
-  assert.equal(chosenOutputOf(manager.viewers, VIEWER, 540), asked540.outputKey);
-});
-
-test("a rung is never served from the COPY, whatever height the copy happens to be", async (t) => {
-  const { manager, base, dirPath } = await managerWithBase();
-  const spawnedDirs = [];
-  t.after(async () => {
-    await manager.lifecycle.disposeAll();
-    await Promise.all(spawnedDirs.map((dir) => rm(dir, { recursive: true, force: true })));
-    await rm(dirPath, { recursive: true, force: true });
-  });
-
-  // The base is a COPY at 240p — no encoder behind it, and it is the one rung
-  // this host can always serve. Handing it to a request for a re-encoded 360p
-  // would give away exactly that, and a viewer stranded on a rung the machine
-  // cannot hold would have nowhere left to return to.
-  base.transcodeVideo = false;
-  base.encodeHeight = 240;
-  base.variantHeight = 240;
-  const created = [];
-  manager.viewerRequests.createOrGetSession = async (params) => {
-    created.push(params);
-    const variantDir = await mkdtemp(path.join(os.tmpdir(), "quality-variants-copy-"));
-    spawnedDirs.push(variantDir);
-    const variant = fakeSession({ id: VARIANT_ID, encodeHeight: 240, dirPath: variantDir });
-    manager.outputs.set(VARIANT_ID, variant);
-    return variant;
-  };
-
-  const asked = await askFor(manager, base, 360);
-
-  assert.equal(asked.id, VARIANT_ID, "the re-encoded rung is its own session, not the copy");
-});
-
-test("a file opened at a position starts its sound THERE, not a look-ahead earlier", async (t) => {
-  const { manager, base, dirPath } = await managerWithBase();
-  t.after(async () => {
-    await manager.lifecycle.disposeAll();
-    await rm(dirPath, { recursive: true, force: true });
-  });
-  base.spec = outputSpec({ transcodeVideo: true, audioSeparate: true, height: base.output.encodeHeight });
-  // The state at the instant a page is opened at a position: nothing seeked,
-  // no segment served, no report from anybody. The read head is then not a
-  // request edge — it is where the session was made — and a browser that has
-  // just opened holds no buffer at all.
-  base.lastRequestedSegment = null;
-  manager.viewers.of(base, VIEWER).moveTo(588);
-  manager.getCachedAudioTracks = () => [
-    { index: 0, language: "rus", title: "", isDefault: true },
-    { index: 1, language: "eng", title: "", isDefault: false }
-  ];
-  const created = [];
-  manager.viewerRequests.createOrGetSession = async (params) => {
-    created.push(params);
-    const rendition = fakeSession({ id: VARIANT_ID, encodeHeight: 0, dirPath, audioOnly: true });
-    return { sessionId: VARIANT_ID, session: rendition };
-  };
-
-  await manager.renditions.resolveAudioRenditionFile(BASE_ID, 1, "segment-00010.mp4", VIEWER);
-
-  // Field 2026-08-31: this answered 460 for a page opened at 588 — the whole
-  // 120 s look-ahead subtracted from a buffer that did not exist — and the
-  // segment the viewer needed took 38.8 s to appear against the picture's 8.4 s.
-  assert.equal(
-    created[0].startPositionSeconds,
-    584,
-    "where the viewer opened, less one segment of margin, and nothing else"
-  );
-});
+/**
+ * @file Quality variants: the master playlist, and what happens when the viewer
+ * moves between rungs.
+ *
+ * What makes a mid-stream change of quality possible at all is that every
+ * variant is cut at the SAME times, so a segment produced by one encoder can be
+ * appended where another encoder's would have gone. The last test here pins
+ * that property at its source; the rest cover the wiring that a route reaches —
+ * a module test that imports a function directly cannot see a caller that never
+ * calls it (2.9.124).
+ */
+
+import test from "node:test";
+import { fakeProcess as fakeEncoder, startRunOn } from "./helpers/encode-run.js";
+import assert from "node:assert/strict";
+import { SourceFile } from "../services/media/SourceFile.js";
+import { Timeline } from "../services/encode/output/Timeline.js";
+import { mkdtemp, rm } from "node:fs/promises";
+import os from "node:os";
+import path from "node:path";
+import { costKindForSession } from "../services/encode/quality/EncodeCost.js";
+import { managerWithOwnStore } from "./helpers/manager.js";
+import { fmp4Format } from "../services/encode/segment-formats/fmp4.js";
+import { computeCutGrid } from "../services/encode/output/cut-grid.js";
+import { buildRunCommand, nearestKeyframeAtOrBefore } from "../services/encode/run-command.js";
+import { Output } from "../services/encode/output/Output.js";
+import { outputSpec } from "./helpers/output-spec.js";
+import { qualityStateOf } from "../services/encode/quality/OutputQualityState.js";
+import { chooseOutput, chosenOutputOf } from "../services/viewer/choices.js";
+
+const BASE_ID = "aaaaaaaabbbbcccc";
+const VARIANT_ID = "1111111122223333";
+const SECOND_VARIANT_ID = "9999999988887777";
+/** The one person these checks are about. Every viewer has a name. */
+const VIEWER = "viewer";
+
+/**
+ * The rule has chosen `key` for this viewer at this height. It used to be one
+ * record per file and height for everybody (`OutputCatalog.servedBy`); it is
+ * the viewer's own now (roadmap item 97, step 11), so the viewer is registered
+ * first — a choice kept for nobody is lost.
+ *
+ * @param {object} manager
+ * @param {object} base
+ * @param {number} height
+ * @param {string} key
+ * @returns {void}
+ */
+function chooseFor(manager, base, height, key) {
+  manager.viewers.of(base, VIEWER);
+  chooseOutput(manager.viewers, VIEWER, height, key);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Ask for a height as the viewer does. A request naming nobody is refused.
+ *
+ * @param {object} manager
+ * @param {object} base
+ * @param {number} height
+ * @returns {Promise<object | null>}
+ */
+function askFor(manager, base, height) {
+  manager.viewers.of(base, VIEWER);
+  return manager.renditions.resolveVariantSession(BASE_ID, height, -1, VIEWER);
+}
+const SEGMENT_SECONDS = 4;
+
+/**
+ * A session shaped like a live one, without the ffmpeg run behind it.
+ *
+ * @param {{ id: string, encodeHeight: number, dirPath: string, transcodeVideo?: boolean, audioOnly?: boolean, audioSeparate?: boolean, audioSourceTrackIndex?: number }} params
+ * @returns {object}
+ */
+function fakeSession({
+  id,
+  encodeHeight,
+  dirPath,
+  transcodeVideo = true,
+  audioOnly = false,
+  audioSeparate = false,
+  audioSourceTrackIndex = 0
+}) {
+  return {
+    id,
+    get outputKey() { return this.spec.toKey(); },
+    spec: outputSpec({
+      transcodeVideo,
+      audioOnly,
+      audioSeparate,
+      audioSourceTrackIndex,
+      height: encodeHeight
+    }),
+    dirPath,
+    // Where this file is cut, held by the file. A fixture that stated it
+    // on the session was describing what production no longer does.
+    timeline: new Timeline({
+      boundaries: Array.from({ length: 101 }, (_, index) => index * SEGMENT_SECONDS),
+      cutGrid: "uniform"
+    }),
+    state: "ready",
+    // The file's own facts, which is where the size and what decoding it costs
+    // both come from: 1080p24 at 8 Mbit/s, the field file of 2026-08-17. A
+    // fixture that assigned a cost object instead was stating an answer the
+    // file now derives, so nothing it said reached the arithmetic.
+    file: new SourceFile({ sourceKey: "source-1", fileIndex: 0, name: "video.mkv" }).learn({
+      width: 1920,
+      height: 1080,
+      fps: 24,
+      bitrateKbps: 8000
+    }),
+    // An ordinary session reads its own file, and its sound is inside it. The
+    // three differ only for a soundtrack shipped as a file of its own.
+    get inputFile() { return this.file; },
+    get audioFile() { return this.file; },
+    startedAt: Date.now(),
+    lastAccessedAt: Date.now(),
+    ffmpeg: null,
+    lastError: "",
+    segmentFormat: fmp4Format,
+    transcodeVideo,
+    transcodeAudio: true,
+    audioTrackIndex: 0,
+    // The shape this output is encoded AS, decided once for the output rather
+    // than once per session.
+    output: new Output({ encodeWidth: 0, encodeHeight, outputFps: 24, softwarePreset: null, applyTonemap: false }),
+    encodeRunGeneration: 0,
+    failedStartAt: -1,
+    failedStartCount: 0,
+    waitEpoch: 0,
+    usesExplicitCuts: false,
+    useSyntheticPlaylist: true,
+    playlistText: "#EXTM3U\n",
+    segmentCount: 100,
+    progress: { state: "running", processedSeconds: 0, startPositionSeconds: 0, speed: "1.0x" }
+  };
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * @returns {Promise<{ manager: object, base: object, dirPath: string }>}
+ */
+async function managerWithBase() {
+  const dirPath = await mkdtemp(path.join(os.tmpdir(), "quality-variants-"));
+  // Its own store root — see `helpers/manager.js` for what sharing one cost.
+  const { manager } = managerWithOwnStore();
+  // 812p is what a viewport-sized budget actually produces — deliberately not a
+  // ladder rung, because that is the case the master has to carry.
+  const base = fakeSession({ id: BASE_ID, encodeHeight: 812, dirPath });
+  manager.outputs.set(BASE_ID, base);
+  return { manager, base, dirPath };
+}
+
+function startManagedRun(manager, output, options = {}) {
+  const run = startRunOn(output, options);
+  manager.encodeOrchestrator.adopt(output.outputKey, run);
+  return run;
+}
+
+test("the master offers every rung, the session's own height among them", async (t) => {
+  const { manager, dirPath } = await managerWithBase();
+  t.after(async () => {
+    await manager.lifecycle.disposeAll();
+    await rm(dirPath, { recursive: true, force: true });
+  });
+
+  const master = manager.renditions.buildMasterPlaylist(BASE_ID);
+
+  assert.ok(master, "a re-encoded 1080p source has rungs to choose between");
+  const heights = [...master.matchAll(/^v\/(\d+)\/index\.m3u8$/gm)].map((match) => Number(match[1]));
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    heights,
+    [1080, 812, 720, 540, 480, 360, 240],
+    "the source height, the height already being encoded, and the rungs below it, largest first"
+  );
+  assert.match(master, /^#EXT-X-VERSION:7$/m, "the version the segment format requires");
+  assert.match(master, /RESOLUTION=1280x720/, "each variant states the size it decodes to");
+  assert.ok(
+    !master.includes("2160"),
+    "a rung above the source would be upscaling — invented detail at a higher cost than the source"
+  );
+});
+
+test("audio is published once for the file, and every rung points at it", async (t) => {
+  const { manager, base, dirPath } = await managerWithBase();
+  t.after(async () => {
+    await manager.lifecycle.disposeAll();
+    await rm(dirPath, { recursive: true, force: true });
+  });
+  // The inventory the plan already probed — the same list the browser's audio
+  // menu is built from.
+  manager.getCachedAudioTracks = () => [
+    { index: 0, language: "rus", title: "Дубляж", isDefault: true },
+    { index: 1, language: "eng", title: "", isDefault: false }
+  ];
+  // Settled at creation in production; set here directly, since this test
+  // builds its session by hand.
+  base.spec = outputSpec({ transcodeVideo: true, audioSeparate: true, height: base.output.encodeHeight });
+  manager.viewers.of(base, VIEWER).audio = { trackIndex: 1, transcode: true };
+
+  // ASKED FOR BY THE VIEWER WHOSE CHOICE IT IS. Which soundtrack a master marks
+  // DEFAULT is a fact of the person the master is being built for — the route
+  // passes the name of whoever asked — so a nameless request is answered by the
+  // session's own parameters instead, which is another track entirely.
+  const master = manager.renditions.buildMasterPlaylist(BASE_ID, VIEWER);
+
+  assert.match(
+    master,
+    /#EXT-X-MEDIA:TYPE=AUDIO,GROUP-ID="aud",NAME="Дубляж",LANGUAGE="ru",AUTOSELECT=YES,DEFAULT=NO,URI="a\/0\/index\.m3u8"/,
+    "a track with a title is named by it"
+  );
+  assert.match(
+    master,
+    /#EXT-X-MEDIA:TYPE=AUDIO,GROUP-ID="aud",NAME="eng",LANGUAGE="en",AUTOSELECT=YES,DEFAULT=YES,URI="a\/1\/index\.m3u8"/,
+    "the track the session was created with is the default one, and an untitled track is named by its language"
+  );
+  const streams = [...master.matchAll(/^#EXT-X-STREAM-INF:.*$/gm)].map((match) => match[0]);
+  assert.equal(streams.length, 7, "every rung");
+  assert.ok(
+    streams.every((line) => line.includes('AUDIO="aud"')),
+    "each rung plays with the shared audio rather than carrying its own"
+  );
+});
+
+test("a session that did not ask for renditions gets audio in its stream, as before", async (t) => {
+  const { manager, dirPath } = await managerWithBase();
+  t.after(async () => {
+    await manager.lifecycle.disposeAll();
+    await rm(dirPath, { recursive: true, force: true });
+  });
+  manager.getCachedAudioTracks = () => [{ index: 0, language: "rus", title: "", isDefault: true }];
+
+  const master = manager.renditions.buildMasterPlaylist(BASE_ID);
+
+  assert.ok(!master.includes("EXT-X-MEDIA"), "a browser that does not know about renditions is not sent any");
+  assert.ok(!master.includes("AUDIO="), "and its rungs still carry their own audio");
+});
+
+test("a copied video is offered variants when its cut grid is real", async (t) => {
+  const { manager, base, dirPath } = await managerWithBase();
+  t.after(async () => {
+    await manager.lifecycle.disposeAll();
+    await rm(dirPath, { recursive: true, force: true });
+  });
+  // A copy is cut at the source's own keyframes — it has no other choice. A
+  // re-encoded rung CAN be cut there too, by being told those times, and then
+  // its segments cover the same spans and can stand in the copy's place.
+  base.spec = outputSpec({ transcodeVideo: false, cutGrid: "keyframe" });
+  base.timeline = new Timeline({ boundaries: base.timeline?.boundaries ?? [], cutGrid: "keyframe" });
+
+  const master = manager.renditions.buildMasterPlaylist(BASE_ID);
+
+  assert.ok(master, "the obstacle was never the encoder, it was the cut points");
+  assert.match(master, /^v\/1080\/index\.m3u8$/m, "the copy itself is the top rung — no encoder, no cost");
+  assert.match(master, /^v\/540\/index\.m3u8$/m);
+});
+
+test("a copied video with no readable keyframe index is offered nothing", async (t) => {
+  const { manager, base, dirPath } = await managerWithBase();
+  t.after(async () => {
+    await manager.lifecycle.disposeAll();
+    await rm(dirPath, { recursive: true, force: true });
+  });
+  // Its playlist claims an even grid that ffmpeg does not cut on. Aligning a
+  // rung to that is aligning it to a fiction.
+  base.spec = outputSpec({ transcodeVideo: false, cutGrid: "uniform" });
+  base.timeline = new Timeline({ boundaries: base.timeline?.boundaries ?? [], cutGrid: "uniform" });
+
+  assert.equal(manager.renditions.buildMasterPlaylist(BASE_ID), null);
+});
+
+test("the session's own height resolves to the session itself", async (t) => {
+  const { manager, dirPath } = await managerWithBase();
+  t.after(async () => {
+    await manager.lifecycle.disposeAll();
+    await rm(dirPath, { recursive: true, force: true });
+  });
+
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    await manager.renditions.resolveVariantFile(BASE_ID, 812, "segment-00000.mp4", VIEWER),
+    { sessionId: BASE_ID },
+    "an encoder is already producing this height; making a second one would be a cold start for nothing"
+  );
+});
+
+test("a height the master does not offer is refused", async (t) => {
+  const { manager, dirPath } = await managerWithBase();
+  t.after(async () => {
+    await manager.lifecycle.disposeAll();
+    await rm(dirPath, { recursive: true, force: true });
+  });
+
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    await manager.renditions.resolveVariantFile(BASE_ID, 999, "index.m3u8", VIEWER),
+    { sessionId: null },
+    "honouring an arbitrary height would let a client start encoder runs at will"
+  );
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    await manager.renditions.resolveVariantFile(BASE_ID, 540, "master.m3u8", VIEWER),
+    { sessionId: null },
+    "a master under a variant would describe variants of a variant"
+  );
+});
+
+test("a variant's playlist is answered without starting an encoder for it", async (t) => {
+  const { manager, dirPath } = await managerWithBase();
+  t.after(async () => {
+    await manager.lifecycle.disposeAll();
+    await rm(dirPath, { recursive: true, force: true });
+  });
+
+  const resolved = await manager.renditions.resolveVariantFile(BASE_ID, 540, "index.m3u8", VIEWER);
+
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    resolved,
+    { sessionId: BASE_ID },
+    "every variant of a file has the same media playlist — that is what makes them interchangeable"
+  );
+  assert.equal(
+    chosenOutputOf(manager.viewers, VIEWER, 540),
+    "",
+    "the player fetches a level's playlist to decide with, and may never switch to it"
+  );
+});
+
+test("the rung the page says it plays is the viewer's rung, and the encoder goes with it", async (t) => {
+  const { manager, base, dirPath } = await managerWithBase();
+  t.after(async () => {
+    await manager.lifecycle.disposeAll();
+    await rm(dirPath, { recursive: true, force: true });
+  });
+  const variant = fakeSession({ id: VARIANT_ID, encodeHeight: 540, dirPath });
+  variant.variantHeight = 540;
+  // A step of the picture: made as one, same file, and a height of its own.
+  variant.isStep = true;
+  manager.outputs.markStep(variant);
+  manager.outputs.set(VARIANT_ID, variant);
+  chooseFor(manager, base, 540, variant.outputKey);
+  // The viewer is a hundred seconds in, and the base is the one encoding.
+  base.lastRequestedSegment = 25;
+  const encoder = fakeEncoder();
+  startManagedRun(manager, base, { process: encoder });
+  manager.encodeRuns.planEncodersSoon = () => {};
+  const served = await manager.renditions.resolveVariantFile(BASE_ID, 540, "segment-00025.mp4", VIEWER);
+  assert.equal(served.sessionId, VARIANT_ID, "the file must be served from the variant, not the base");
+  assert.equal(
+    manager.viewers.of(base, VIEWER).activeVariantId ?? null,
+    null,
+    "a request for a rung's segment is the player fetching, not the person having moved"
+  );
+
+  // The page, the moment the player has switched: this rung, and the picture at 100 s.
+  assert.equal(manager.renditions.viewerPlays(BASE_ID, VIEWER, 540, 100), true);
+
+  assert.equal(manager.viewers.of(base, VIEWER).activeVariantId, VARIANT_ID, "the variant the viewer is watching is the active one");
+  assert.ok(
+    Math.abs((manager.viewers.of(variant, VIEWER).positionSeconds() ?? -1) - 100) < 1,
+    "where this person stands on the rung is where their picture is"
+  );
+  // AND THE RUNG THEY CAME OFF IS PRODUCING FOR NOBODY, which is one fact and
+  // not an act. It used to be stopped from this path by hand, and the plan —
+  // handed the whole film's priority map — started it again on the very next
+  // pass, which this viewer's own move had just triggered.
+  assert.equal(
+    manager.outputs.supersededBy(base, manager.viewers.of(base, VIEWER).activeVariantId),
+    true,
+    "the picture they stepped off is nobody's now"
+  );
+  assert.equal(
+    manager.outputs.supersededBy(variant, manager.viewers.of(variant, VIEWER).activeVariantId),
+    false,
+    "and the rung they moved to is theirs"
+  );
+  assert.deepEqual(encoder.signals, [], "stopping it is the plan's, from that fact, and not this path's");
+});
+
+test("a rung is placed where the picture is, not where the other rung had read to", async (t) => {
+  const { manager, base, dirPath } = await managerWithBase();
+  t.after(async () => {
+    await manager.lifecycle.disposeAll();
+    await rm(dirPath, { recursive: true, force: true });
+  });
+  const variant = fakeSession({ id: VARIANT_ID, encodeHeight: 540, dirPath });
+  variant.variantHeight = 540;
+  // A step of the picture: made as one, same file, and a height of its own.
+  variant.isStep = true;
+  manager.outputs.markStep(variant);
+  manager.outputs.set(VARIANT_ID, variant);
+  chooseFor(manager, base, 540, variant.outputKey);
+  startManagedRun(manager, base, { process: fakeEncoder() });
+  // The rung being left had read fourteen segments further than the picture had
+  // played — an encoder running at several times realtime fills the buffer far
+  // ahead. Measured 2026-08-11: 56 s of gap, and using the read head placed the
+  // new run past everything the player then asked for, which no request could
+  // ever be answered from.
+  base.lastRequestedSegment = 70;
+
+  await manager.renditions.resolveVariantFile(BASE_ID, 540, "segment-00056.mp4", VIEWER);
+  manager.renditions.viewerPlays(BASE_ID, VIEWER, 540, 224);
+
+  assert.equal(
+    manager.viewers.of(variant, VIEWER).positionSeconds(),
+    224,
+    "where the page says the picture is — 224 s, segment 56 on a four-second grid — " +
+    "not the read head fourteen segments further on"
+  );
+});
+
+test("warming a rung prepares it without taking the encoder from the one on screen", async (t) => {
+  const { manager, base, dirPath } = await managerWithBase();
+  t.after(async () => {
+    await manager.lifecycle.disposeAll();
+    await rm(dirPath, { recursive: true, force: true });
+  });
+  const variant = fakeSession({ id: VARIANT_ID, encodeHeight: 540, dirPath });
+  variant.variantHeight = 540;
+  // A step of the picture: made as one, same file, and a height of its own.
+  variant.isStep = true;
+  manager.outputs.markStep(variant);
+  manager.outputs.set(VARIANT_ID, variant);
+  chooseFor(manager, base, 540, variant.outputKey);
+  const encoder = fakeEncoder();
+  startManagedRun(manager, base, { process: encoder });
+  manager.encodeRuns.planEncodersSoon = () => {};
+  const prepared = await manager.renditions.prepareVariant(BASE_ID, 540, 240, VIEWER);
+
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    prepared,
+    { sessionId: VARIANT_ID, fileName: "segment-00060.mp4" },
+    "the caller is told which segment to wait for — 240 s on a four-second grid"
+  );
+  assert.equal(
+    manager.viewers.of(variant, VIEWER).positionSeconds(),
+    240,
+    "the rung being warmed is told where this person is, which is what buys it an encoder"
+  );
+  assert.equal(manager.viewers.of(base, VIEWER).activeVariantId, null, "nothing has switched yet");
+  assert.equal([...base.runs][0]?.process, encoder, "the picture on screen keeps its encoder until the player actually moves");
+  assert.deepEqual(encoder.signals, [], "stopping it here is what would put the spinner back");
+});
+
+test("a rung warmed at the playhead survives the switch that lands just ahead of it", async (t) => {
+  const { manager, base, dirPath } = await managerWithBase();
+  t.after(async () => {
+    await manager.lifecycle.disposeAll();
+    await rm(dirPath, { recursive: true, force: true });
+  });
+  const variant = fakeSession({ id: VARIANT_ID, encodeHeight: 540, dirPath });
+  variant.variantHeight = 540;
+  // A step of the picture: made as one, same file, and a height of its own.
+  variant.isStep = true;
+  manager.outputs.markStep(variant);
+  manager.outputs.set(VARIANT_ID, variant);
+  chooseFor(manager, base, 540, variant.outputKey);
+  startManagedRun(manager, base, { process: fakeEncoder() });
+  // Warmed AT THE PLAYHEAD (240 s = segment #60), which is what the browser
+  // sends from server 0.10.0 onwards, and the run is alive and has produced a
+  // few segments past it.
+  await manager.renditions.prepareVariant(BASE_ID, 540, 240, VIEWER);
+
+  startManagedRun(manager, variant, { from: 59, process: fakeEncoder() });
+  variant.progress = { ...variant.progress, processedSeconds: 268 };
+  variant.seekTarget = null;
+  variant.seekSettleTimer = null;
+
+  // hls.js flushes from the fragment after the one holding
+  // `currentTime + fetchdelay`, so its first request for the new rung is the
+  // playhead plus up to one fragment — here #61 against a run that began at
+  // #59. Warming at the END OF THE BUFFER instead put the run tens of seconds
+  // AHEAD of this request, which the proxy then read as a seek backwards:
+  // measured 2026-08-14, that killed a run holding 21.8 s of encoded output.
+  await manager.renditions.resolveVariantFile(BASE_ID, 540, "segment-00061.mp4", VIEWER);
+  manager.renditions.viewerPlays(BASE_ID, VIEWER, 540, 244);
+
+  assert.equal(manager.viewers.of(base, VIEWER).activeVariantId, VARIANT_ID, "the viewer has moved to this rung");
+  assert.equal(
+    variant.seekTarget,
+    null,
+    "the request is inside the warmed run, so nothing is repositioned and the warm-up is kept"
+  );
+  assert.equal([...variant.runs][0].from, 59, "the run still begins where it was warmed");
+});
+
+test("a rung warmed PAST the switch is repositioned, which is what warming late costs", async (t) => {
+  const { manager, base, dirPath } = await managerWithBase();
+  t.after(async () => {
+    await manager.lifecycle.disposeAll();
+    await rm(dirPath, { recursive: true, force: true });
+  });
+  const variant = fakeSession({ id: VARIANT_ID, encodeHeight: 540, dirPath });
+  variant.variantHeight = 540;
+  // A step of the picture: made as one, same file, and a height of its own.
+  variant.isStep = true;
+  manager.outputs.markStep(variant);
+  manager.outputs.set(VARIANT_ID, variant);
+  chooseFor(manager, base, 540, variant.outputKey);
+  startManagedRun(manager, base, { process: fakeEncoder() });
+  // The same session, warmed where the BUFFER ended rather than where the
+  // picture was — 60 s further on, which is an ordinary cushion. This is what
+  // server 0.9.3 sent and 0.11.0 stopped sending.
+  await manager.renditions.prepareVariant(BASE_ID, 540, 300, VIEWER);
+  startManagedRun(manager, variant, { from: 74, process: fakeEncoder() });
+  variant.progress = { ...variant.progress, processedSeconds: 310 };
+
+  // hls.js still lands near the playhead, so the request is far BEHIND the
+  // warmed run: the proxy reads it as a seek backwards and starts again, and
+  // everything the warm-up produced is thrown away. Measured in the field
+  // 2026-08-14 as 21.8 s of encoded output destroyed by the act of using it.
+  await manager.renditions.resolveVariantFile(BASE_ID, 540, "segment-00061.mp4", VIEWER);
+  manager.renditions.viewerPlays(BASE_ID, VIEWER, 540, 244);
+
+  assert.equal(
+    manager.viewers.of(variant, VIEWER).positionSeconds(),
+    244,
+    "where the picture is, not where the warm-up had run to"
+  );
+});
+
+test("the rung on screen fetching its own segments does not cancel a warm-up", async (t) => {
+  const { manager, base, dirPath } = await managerWithBase();
+  t.after(async () => {
+    await manager.lifecycle.disposeAll();
+    await rm(dirPath, { recursive: true, force: true });
+  });
+  const variant = fakeSession({ id: VARIANT_ID, encodeHeight: 540, dirPath });
+  variant.variantHeight = 540;
+  // A step of the picture: made as one, same file, and a height of its own.
+  variant.isStep = true;
+  manager.outputs.markStep(variant);
+  manager.outputs.set(VARIANT_ID, variant);
+  chooseFor(manager, base, 540, variant.outputKey);
+  const warmedEncoder = fakeEncoder();
+  startManagedRun(manager, variant, { process: warmedEncoder });
+  startManagedRun(manager, base, { process: fakeEncoder() });
+  manager.encodeRuns.planEncodersSoon = () => {};
+  await manager.renditions.prepareVariant(BASE_ID, 540, 100, VIEWER);
+
+  // The viewer has not moved: the rung they are watching goes on asking for its
+  // own segments, every few seconds, for as long as they watch.
+  await manager.renditions.resolveVariantFile(BASE_ID, 812, "segment-00026.mp4", VIEWER);
+  manager.renditions.viewerPlays(BASE_ID, VIEWER, 812, 104);
+  await manager.renditions.resolveVariantFile(BASE_ID, 812, "segment-00027.mp4", VIEWER);
+  manager.renditions.viewerPlays(BASE_ID, VIEWER, 812, 108);
+
+  // Kept per viewer.
+  assert.equal(
+    manager.viewers.forOutput(base).get(VIEWER)?.warmingVariantId ?? null,
+    VARIANT_ID,
+    "the rung being prepared is still being prepared"
+  );
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    warmedEncoder.signals,
+    [],
+    "cancelling it here left the viewer waiting out the whole warm-up for a segment nobody was making"
+  );
+});
+
+test("warming the height the base itself serves still points it at the switch", async (t) => {
+  const { manager, base, dirPath } = await managerWithBase();
+  t.after(async () => {
+    await manager.lifecycle.disposeAll();
+    await rm(dirPath, { recursive: true, force: true });
+  });
+  // The viewer is on another rung; the base is parked where they left it, with
+  // its encoder stopped. Warming its height must bring it back.
+  const variant = fakeSession({ id: VARIANT_ID, encodeHeight: 540, dirPath });
+  variant.variantHeight = 540;
+  manager.outputs.set(VARIANT_ID, variant);
+  chooseFor(manager, base, 540, variant.outputKey);
+  manager.viewers.of(base, VIEWER).activeVariantId = VARIANT_ID;
+  base.runs = new Set();
+
+  await manager.renditions.prepareVariant(BASE_ID, 812, 400, VIEWER);
+
+  // 400 s falls on the boundary between #99 and #100, and a run starts one
+  // segment back so the player has the preceding keyframe.
+  assert.equal(
+    manager.viewers.of(base, VIEWER).positionSeconds(),
+    396,
+    "the base is parked where they left it, so warming its height says where they are like any other rung"
+  );
+});
+
+test("the viewer's position is kept current by the segments they ask for", async (t) => {
+  const { manager, base, dirPath } = await managerWithBase();
+  t.after(async () => {
+    await manager.lifecycle.disposeAll();
+    await rm(dirPath, { recursive: true, force: true });
+  });
+  // A REQUEST SAYS NOTHING ABOUT WHERE THEY ARE, and asking for one must not
+  // move them. Where they are is what they stated — a seek, or a report
+  // carrying their playhead — and it stands until they state otherwise.
+  manager.viewers.of(base, VIEWER).moveTo(40);
+
+  await manager.serving.getFileStream(BASE_ID, "segment-00090.mp4", { consumerId: VIEWER });
+
+  assert.ok(
+    Math.abs((manager.viewers.of(base, VIEWER).positionSeconds() ?? -1) - 40) < 1,
+    "a request for segment #90 leaves the viewer where they said they were"
+  );
+});
+
+test("a playlist or an init segment does not move the encoder", async (t) => {
+  const { manager, base, dirPath } = await managerWithBase();
+  t.after(async () => {
+    await manager.lifecycle.disposeAll();
+    await rm(dirPath, { recursive: true, force: true });
+  });
+  const variant = fakeSession({ id: VARIANT_ID, encodeHeight: 540, dirPath });
+  manager.outputs.set(VARIANT_ID, variant);
+  chooseFor(manager, base, 540, variant.outputKey);
+  startManagedRun(manager, base, { process: fakeEncoder() });
+  manager.encodeRuns.planEncodersSoon = () => {};
+  chooseFor(manager, base, 540, variant.outputKey);
+  await manager.renditions.resolveVariantFile(BASE_ID, 540, "index.m3u8", VIEWER);
+  await manager.renditions.resolveVariantFile(BASE_ID, 540, "init.mp4", VIEWER);
+
+  assert.notEqual(
+    manager.viewers.of(base, VIEWER).activeVariantId,
+    VARIANT_ID,
+    "hls.js fetches a level's playlist and init to decide with, and may never switch to it"
+  );
+  assert.ok([...base.runs][0]?.process, "the stream on screen must keep its encoder while the player is only looking");
+});
+
+test("the name of a variant is fixed, whatever its encode is later set to", async (t) => {
+  const { manager, base, dirPath } = await managerWithBase();
+  t.after(async () => {
+    await manager.lifecycle.disposeAll();
+    await rm(dirPath, { recursive: true, force: true });
+  });
+  // The player fetched the master once and addresses this variant as 812p for
+  // the rest of the session, so the name must not follow the encode. Nothing in
+  // the proxy changes `encodeHeight` mid-session any more — a change of size is
+  // a change of variant now — but the name and the encode are still two
+  // different things, and the addressing depends on their staying so.
+  assert.equal(manager.outputs.variantHeightOf(base), 812);
+  base.encodeHeight = 540;
+
+  assert.equal(
+    manager.outputs.variantHeightOf(base),
+    812,
+    "the name stays; renaming it would leave the player addressing a variant nobody answers for"
+  );
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    await manager.renditions.resolveVariantFile(BASE_ID, 812, "segment-00000.mp4", VIEWER),
+    { sessionId: BASE_ID },
+    "a second session at a height the host has already failed to manage is the opposite of what a step is for"
+  );
+});
+
+test("the cut grid follows the grid asked for, not who produces the frames", () => {
+  // Why a segment from one encoder can stand where another's would have: both
+  // are cut at the same times. Which times is a property of the SESSION — the
+  // even grid, or the source's own keyframes — and it must not be re-derived
+  // from whether the video is copied, because a variant of a copied stream is
+  // re-encoded and still has to land on the copy's cuts.
+  const shape = { durationSeconds: 100, segDur: SEGMENT_SECONDS, startTime: 0 };
+  const keyframeTimes = [0, 3.1, 9.7, 14.2, 21.5, 40, 61.25];
+
+  const even = computeCutGrid({ ...shape, useKeyframeGrid: false, keyframeTimes });
+  assert.equal(even.boundaries[1], SEGMENT_SECONDS, "the even grid ignores the source's keyframes");
+  assert.equal(even.boundaries.at(-1), 100);
+
+  const source = computeCutGrid({ ...shape, useKeyframeGrid: true, keyframeTimes });
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    source.boundaries,
+    [0, 9.7, 14.2, 21.5, 40, 61.25, 100],
+    "the source's own keyframes, kept only where they are at least a segment apart"
+  );
+
+  // The one that matters: a copy and a re-encoded rung of it, given the same
+  // grid, produce the SAME table. Segment N then covers the same span in both,
+  // which is what lets one stand where the other would have.
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    computeCutGrid({ ...shape, useKeyframeGrid: true, keyframeTimes }).boundaries,
+    source.boundaries,
+    "a variant inherits the grid, so its boundaries are the same values"
+  );
+  // And with no index there is nothing to align to — the even grid, whoever asks.
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    computeCutGrid({ ...shape, useKeyframeGrid: true, keyframeTimes: null }).boundaries,
+    even.boundaries,
+    "no keyframes means no keyframe grid, however the caller asks"
+  );
+});
+
+test("a boundary carries the keyframe it is, exactly as the container stated it", () => {
+  // The fault that stopped a viewing on 2026-09-05. A boundary is kept on the
+  // player's clock, `keyframe - startTime`, rounded; the seek used to add the
+  // start time back and look the result up in the container's list by value.
+  // The round trip is lossy — 26.234 - 0.083 + 0.083 is 26.233999999999998 —
+  // and "the keyframe at or before that" is then the PREVIOUS one, a whole
+  // keyframe interval earlier.
+  const startTime = 0.083;
+  const keyframeTimes = [];
+  for (let index = 0; index < 60; index += 1) {
+    keyframeTimes.push(Number((startTime + index * 8.717).toFixed(3)));
+  }
+  const grid = computeCutGrid({
+    useKeyframeGrid: true, durationSeconds: 500, segDur: SEGMENT_SECONDS, keyframeTimes, startTime
+  });
+
+  assert.equal(grid.sourceTimes[0], startTime, "the first cut is the start of the file");
+  assert.equal(grid.boundaries.length, grid.sourceTimes.length, "an index must name both clocks");
+  for (let index = 1; index < grid.boundaries.length - 1; index += 1) {
+    assert.ok(
+      keyframeTimes.includes(grid.sourceTimes[index]),
+      `cut #${index} carries ${grid.sourceTimes[index]}, which the container never stated`
+    );
+  }
+
+  // What the round trip does, so the reason this table exists cannot be
+  // mistaken for caution: at least one boundary fails to find itself.
+  const lost = grid.boundaries
+    .slice(1, -1)
+    .filter((published, at) => nearestKeyframeAtOrBefore(keyframeTimes, published + startTime)
+      !== grid.sourceTimes[at + 1]);
+  assert.ok(
+    lost.length > 0,
+    "the search agreed everywhere, so this fixture no longer reproduces the fault it was built for"
+  );
+});
+
+test("a run on the keyframe grid is given no trim to apply", () => {
+  // The second half of the same fault. That trim is an output-side `-ss`, and
+  // beside `-copyts` it moves the whole run backwards by its own amount:
+  // measured 2026-09-06 on a 5 s keyframe interval, a run landing at 15 s and
+  // asked to trim to the cut at 20 s produced its first file starting at 10 s.
+  // Every cut of the run inherits it while the numbering, fixed at spawn, does
+  // not — so the files are named for times they do not hold.
+  const startTime = 0.083;
+  const keyframeTimes = [];
+  for (let index = 0; index < 60; index += 1) {
+    keyframeTimes.push(Number((startTime + index * 8.717).toFixed(3)));
+  }
+  const grid = computeCutGrid({
+    useKeyframeGrid: true, durationSeconds: 500, segDur: SEGMENT_SECONDS, keyframeTimes, startTime
+  });
+  const timeline = new Timeline({
+    boundaries: grid.boundaries, sourceTimes: grid.sourceTimes, cutGrid: "keyframe"
+  });
+
+  for (let index = 1; index < grid.boundaries.length - 1; index += 1) {
+    const { args } = buildRunCommand({
+      keyframes: { times: keyframeTimes },
+      inputFile: { startTime },
+      audioFile: { startTime },
+      inputUrl: "http://127.0.0.1/stream",
+      audioInputUrl: "",
+      outputDir: ".",
+      timeline,
+      segmentFormat: fmp4Format,
+      transcodeVideo: false,
+      transcodeAudio: true,
+      audioOnly: false,
+      audioSeparate: false,
+      audioSourceTrackIndex: 0,
+      rateControl: null,
+      startIndex: index,
+      endIndex: index,
+      videoEncoder: { name: "libx264" },
+      segmentDurationSec: SEGMENT_SECONDS
+    });
+    // One input seek establishes decode order in the preceding private cut.
+    assert.equal(
+      args.filter((one) => one === "-ss").length,
+      1,
+      `run at #${index} was given a trim beside -copyts`
+    );
+    const seek = Number(args[args.indexOf("-ss") + 1]);
+    assert.ok(
+      Math.abs(seek - grid.sourceTimes[index - 1]) < 0.2,
+      `run at #${index} seeks to ${seek}, not to the preceding keyframe ${grid.sourceTimes[index - 1]}`
+    );
+    assert.equal(Number(args[args.indexOf("-segment_start_number") + 1]), index - 1);
+  }
+});
+
+test("a rung served by copy stays offered while a re-encoded rung is on screen", async (t) => {
+  const { manager, base, dirPath } = await managerWithBase();
+  t.after(async () => {
+    await manager.lifecycle.disposeAll();
+    await rm(dirPath, { recursive: true, force: true });
+  });
+  // The field case of 2026-08-15: a 1080p source served by COPY, the viewer on
+  // 240p, and a host too weak to re-encode anything above it.
+  base.spec = outputSpec({ transcodeVideo: false, cutGrid: "keyframe" });
+  base.encodeHeight = 1080;
+  base.variantHeight = 1080;
+  // Enough to re-encode 240p (1.67x combined) and nowhere near enough for
+  // 720p (0.45x) — the field's own shape, where the rung the viewer picked was
+  // offered and everything between it and the copy was not.
+  manager.softwarePresetBenchmark = [{ preset: "ultrafast", pixelsPerSec: 12_000_000 }];
+  manager.decodeCostModel = { pixelTerm: 0.00793, bitrateTerm: 0, constantTerm: 0 };
+  // What decoding this source costs comes from the file's own facts, stated in
+  // the fixture: 49.766 Mpx/s at 8 Mbit/s.
+  assert.ok(base.file.decode, "the fixture must state enough for a decode cost to exist");
+
+  const watching = fakeSession({ id: VARIANT_ID, encodeHeight: 240, dirPath });
+  watching.variantHeight = 240;
+  // The rung knows the source as well as the base does, because it IS the same
+  // file. Without that it prices nothing at all — every height comes back
+  // "sustainable" for want of a measurement — and the assertion below would
+  // hold for the wrong reason.
+  watching.file = base.file;
+  // A step of the picture: same file, and made as a step.
+  watching.isStep = true;
+  manager.outputs.markStep(watching);
+  manager.outputs.set(VARIANT_ID, watching);
+  chooseFor(manager, base, 240, watching.outputKey);
+  manager.viewers.of(base, VIEWER).activeVariantId = VARIANT_ID;
+
+  const offered = manager.quality.offeredHeights(watching);
+
+  assert.ok(
+    offered.includes(1080),
+    "the height the source is COPIED at costs no encoder, so no measurement of this host can withdraw it"
+  );
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    offered,
+    manager.quality.offeredHeights(base),
+    "one answer for the family: a rung asked while watching another must not disagree with the base"
+  );
+});
+
+test("a separately published audio track starts where the picture is, from the reported buffer", async (t) => {
+  const { manager, base, dirPath } = await managerWithBase();
+  t.after(async () => {
+    await manager.lifecycle.disposeAll();
+    await rm(dirPath, { recursive: true, force: true });
+  });
+  base.spec = outputSpec({ transcodeVideo: true, audioSeparate: true, height: base.output.encodeHeight });
+  manager.viewers.of(base, VIEWER).audio = { trackIndex: 1, transcode: true };
+  // The viewer says where their picture is: 100 s. That, less a segment of
+  // margin, is where the track has to begin — no subtraction of anything,
+  // because the position is the playhead and not the edge of a buffer.
+  manager.viewers.of(base, "viewer").moveTo(100);
+  manager.viewers.of(base, "viewer").playing = false;
+  manager.getCachedAudioTracks = () => [
+    { index: 0, language: "rus", title: "", isDefault: true },
+    { index: 1, language: "eng", title: "", isDefault: false }
+  ];
+  const created = [];
+  manager.viewerRequests.createOrGetSession = async (params) => {
+    created.push(params);
+    const rendition = fakeSession({ id: VARIANT_ID, encodeHeight: 0, dirPath, audioOnly: true });
+    return { sessionId: VARIANT_ID, session: rendition };
+  };
+
+  await manager.renditions.resolveAudioRenditionFile(BASE_ID, 1, "segment-00010.mp4", VIEWER);
+
+  assert.equal(created.length, 1, "the track's own session was made");
+  assert.equal(
+    created[0].startPositionSeconds,
+    96,
+    "140 s served, less the 40 s the player holds, less one segment of margin"
+  );
+});
+
+test("with two viewers the audio track starts at the EARLIEST picture, not the read head", async (t) => {
+  const { manager, base, dirPath } = await managerWithBase();
+  t.after(async () => {
+    await manager.lifecycle.disposeAll();
+    await rm(dirPath, { recursive: true, force: true });
+  });
+  base.spec = outputSpec({ transcodeVideo: true, audioSeparate: true, height: base.output.encodeHeight });
+  // A copied picture is one session shared by both of them, and a track begun
+  // at the leader has nothing to give the one behind.
+  manager.viewers.of(base, "ahead").moveTo(100);
+  manager.viewers.of(base, "ahead").playing = false;
+  manager.viewers.of(base, "behind").moveTo(40);
+  manager.viewers.of(base, "behind").playing = false;
+  manager.getCachedAudioTracks = () => [
+    { index: 0, language: "rus", title: "", isDefault: true },
+    { index: 1, language: "eng", title: "", isDefault: false }
+  ];
+  const created = [];
+  manager.viewerRequests.createOrGetSession = async (params) => {
+    created.push(params);
+    const rendition = fakeSession({ id: VARIANT_ID, encodeHeight: 0, dirPath, audioOnly: true });
+    return { sessionId: VARIANT_ID, session: rendition };
+  };
+
+  await manager.renditions.resolveAudioRenditionFile(BASE_ID, 1, "segment-00010.mp4", VIEWER);
+
+  assert.equal(
+    created[0].startPositionSeconds,
+    36,
+    "the viewer at 40 s, less one segment of margin — a run starting at the leader " +
+      "has nothing to give the one behind them"
+  );
+});
+
+test("a soundtrack begins where a viewer says they are, whenever they said it", async (t) => {
+  const { manager, base, dirPath } = await managerWithBase();
+  t.after(async () => {
+    await manager.lifecycle.disposeAll();
+    await rm(dirPath, { recursive: true, force: true });
+  });
+  base.spec = outputSpec({ transcodeVideo: true, audioSeparate: true, height: base.output.encodeHeight });
+  // TWO RULES WENT WHEN THE QUANTITY STOPPED MEANING TWO THINGS. A position
+  // "past the read head" had to be clamped, because the read head was a
+  // request edge and a report could overtake it; and a report older than a few
+  // seconds had to be discarded, because it was being subtracted from that
+  // edge. Neither survives: this is where the viewer's PICTURE is, they are the
+  // only writer of it, and between statements it moves at the rate the film
+  // moves. An old statement from a stopped viewer is exactly as true as a new
+  // one.
+  const viewer = manager.viewers.of(base, "viewer");
+  viewer.moveTo(900, Date.now() - 600_000);
+  viewer.playing = false;
+  manager.getCachedAudioTracks = () => [
+    { index: 0, language: "rus", title: "", isDefault: true },
+    { index: 1, language: "eng", title: "", isDefault: false }
+  ];
+  const created = [];
+  manager.viewerRequests.createOrGetSession = async (params) => {
+    created.push(params);
+    const rendition = fakeSession({ id: VARIANT_ID, encodeHeight: 0, dirPath, audioOnly: true });
+    return { sessionId: VARIANT_ID, session: rendition };
+  };
+
+  await manager.renditions.resolveAudioRenditionFile(BASE_ID, 1, "segment-00010.mp4", VIEWER);
+
+  assert.equal(
+    created[0].startPositionSeconds,
+    896,
+    "ten minutes of silence from a stopped viewer says they are still at 900 s"
+  );
+});
+
+test("an audio track is prepared at the position the switch will land on", async (t) => {
+  const { manager, base, dirPath } = await managerWithBase();
+  t.after(async () => {
+    await manager.lifecycle.disposeAll();
+    await rm(dirPath, { recursive: true, force: true });
+  });
+  base.spec = outputSpec({ transcodeVideo: true, audioSeparate: true, height: base.output.encodeHeight });
+  manager.viewers.of(base, VIEWER).audio = { trackIndex: 1, transcode: true };
+  manager.getCachedAudioTracks = () => [
+    { index: 0, language: "rus", title: "", isDefault: true },
+    { index: 1, language: "eng", title: "", isDefault: false }
+  ];
+  const rendition = fakeSession({
+    id: VARIANT_ID,
+    encodeHeight: 0,
+    dirPath,
+    audioOnly: true,
+    audioSourceTrackIndex: 1
+  });
+  rendition.id = rendition.spec.toName();
+  // A soundtrack of THIS picture: the same file, published on its own. Found by
+  // what it is — there is no list of ids to put it on.
+  rendition.file = base.file;
+  startManagedRun(manager, rendition, { process: fakeEncoder() });
+  manager.outputs.set(rendition.id, rendition);
+
+  const prepared = await manager.renditions.prepareAudioTrack(BASE_ID, 1, 240, VIEWER);
+
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    prepared,
+    { sessionId: rendition.id, fileName: "segment-00060.mp4" },
+    "the caller is told which segment to wait for — 240 s on a four-second grid"
+  );
+  assert.equal(
+    manager.viewers.of(rendition, VIEWER).positionSeconds(),
+    240,
+    "and the track is told where this person is, which is what the switch will land on"
+  );
+});
+
+test("a reading from a soundtrack is priced as one", () => {
+  // The fault this pins: an audio rendition reached no learner at all. One
+  // guard refused renditions a reading, and the only call that would have
+  // priced one sat behind a second guard its caller had already made — so a
+  // soundtrack ran for the whole film and was charged at nothing, which is the
+  // half of roadmap item 6 that was left owing.
+  assert.equal(costKindForSession({ spec: outputSpec({ audioOnly: true }) }), "audio");
+  assert.equal(
+    costKindForSession({ spec: outputSpec({ audioOnly: true, transcodeVideo: true }) }),
+    "audio",
+    "a rendition carries no picture, whatever the flag it inherited says"
+  );
+  assert.equal(costKindForSession({ spec: outputSpec({ transcodeVideo: true }) }), "decode");
+  assert.equal(costKindForSession({ spec: outputSpec({ transcodeVideo: false }) }), "copy");
+});
+
+test("a quality step being warmed is not refused by its own cost", async (t) => {
+  const dirPath = await mkdtemp(path.join(os.tmpdir(), "warm-cost-"));
+  // The addon host's own figures, so the arithmetic below is the field's and
+  // not an invention. Without a benchmark the check returns every height
+  // untouched and a test over it would pass while proving nothing.
+  const { manager } = managerWithOwnStore({
+    softwarePresetBenchmark: [
+      { preset: "fast", pixelsPerSec: 17.0e6 },
+      { preset: "ultrafast", pixelsPerSec: 67.5e6 }
+    ],
+    decodeCostModel: { pixelTerm: 0.007742, bitrateTerm: 0, constantTerm: 0 }
+  });
+  t.after(async () => {
+    await manager.lifecycle.disposeAll();
+    await rm(dirPath, { recursive: true, force: true });
+  });
+  // A copied 1080p picture, and a 240p step warmed beside it for a switch —
+  // which is what every quality change does, two encoders on purpose.
+  const base = fakeSession({ id: BASE_ID, encodeHeight: 0, dirPath, transcodeVideo: false });
+  base.variantHeight = 1080;
+  // What this source costs to decode comes from the file's own facts, stated in
+  // the fixture: 1080p24 at 8 Mbit/s, the field file. Without them nothing can
+  // be priced and every height comes back offerable for want of a measurement,
+  // which would make the assertion hold for the wrong reason.
+  assert.ok(base.file.decode, "the fixture must state enough for a decode cost to exist");
+  const warming = fakeSession({ id: VARIANT_ID, encodeHeight: 240, dirPath });
+  warming.variantHeight = 240;
+  // Two sessions of ONE file share its facts, which is the whole point of the
+  // file being an object: a step warmed beside the picture is not a second file.
+  warming.file = base.file;
+  chooseFor(manager, base, 240, warming.outputKey);
+  // A step of the picture: same file, and a height of its own.
+  // Running, and running well: it says of itself that it holds twice realtime,
+  // i.e. half a second of work per second of video.
+  startManagedRun(manager, warming, { process: fakeEncoder() });
+  qualityStateOf(warming).lastAloneSpeed = 2;
+  manager.outputs.set(BASE_ID, base);
+  manager.outputs.set(VARIANT_ID, warming);
+
+  const offered = manager.quality.offeredHeights(base);
+
+  assert.ok(
+    offered.includes(240),
+    "charged its own cost while being judged, the step the viewer just asked for is dropped from the " +
+      "offer by the act of warming it — and its next segment 404s on a stream that is playing"
+  );
+});
+
+test("the master survives a live offer that has collapsed to one rung", async (t) => {
+  // The field case of 2026-08-18, in the smallest form that reproduces it: a
+  // host too slow for any re-encoded rung, and a swarm whose interruptions
+  // demand far more than realtime. The live offer then holds only the height an
+  // encoder is already producing — and until this test existed, that made
+  // `buildMasterPlaylist` answer null and the route answer 404 to a session
+  // that had just published the address.
+  const dirPath = await mkdtemp(path.join(os.tmpdir(), "quality-variants-collapse-"));
+  const { manager } = managerWithOwnStore({
+    // A megapixel a second: every rung below the source costs more than the
+    // machine has.
+    softwarePresetBenchmark: [{ preset: "veryfast", pixelsPerSec: 1_000_000 }],
+    decodeCostModel: { pixelTerm: 0.01, bitrateTerm: 0, constantTerm: 0 }
+  });
+  const base = fakeSession({ id: BASE_ID, encodeHeight: 812, dirPath });
+  // A thicker source than the fixture's, stated as the file's own bitrate
+  // rather than as a cost object the file now derives.
+  base.file.learn({ width: 1920, height: 1080, fps: 24, bitrateKbps: 10_000 });
+  // What this file's own reader measured: a step must run at eight times
+  // realtime to survive this swarm.
+  manager.hostLoad.requiredSpeedFor = () => 8;
+  manager.outputs.set(BASE_ID, base);
+  t.after(async () => {
+    await manager.lifecycle.disposeAll();
+    await rm(dirPath, { recursive: true, force: true });
+  });
+
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    manager.quality.offeredHeights(base),
+    [812],
+    "the live judgement is unchanged: nothing but the running height is worth offering"
+  );
+
+  const master = manager.renditions.buildMasterPlaylist(BASE_ID);
+
+  assert.ok(master, "the master is a published document, not a live figure");
+  const heights = [...master.matchAll(/^v\/(\d+)\/index\.m3u8$/gm)].map((match) => Number(match[1]));
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    heights,
+    [1080, 812, 720, 540, 480, 360, 240],
+    "every rung that can be spliced onto this cut grid stays addressable"
+  );
+});
+
+test("two heights that clamp onto one picture share a single encoder", async (t) => {
+  const { manager, base, dirPath } = await managerWithBase();
+  const spawnedDirs = [];
+  t.after(async () => {
+    await manager.lifecycle.disposeAll();
+    await Promise.all(spawnedDirs.map((dir) => rm(dir, { recursive: true, force: true })));
+    await rm(dirPath, { recursive: true, force: true });
+  });
+
+  // A host that can hold exactly one rung. Whatever height is asked for, the
+  // clamp inside createOrGetSession lands the encode on 240p — which is what a
+  // CM4 did on 2026-08-28, turning a 360p and a 540p request into two more
+  // ffmpeg processes making the same 426x240 picture as the 240p one.
+  const madeIds = [VARIANT_ID, SECOND_VARIANT_ID];
+  const created = [];
+  manager.viewerRequests.createOrGetSession = async (params) => {
+    const id = madeIds[created.length];
+    created.push(params);
+    const variantDir = await mkdtemp(path.join(os.tmpdir(), "quality-variants-clamped-"));
+    spawnedDirs.push(variantDir);
+    const variant = fakeSession({ id, encodeHeight: 240, dirPath: variantDir });
+    manager.outputs.set(id, variant);
+    return variant;
+  };
+
+  const asked360 = await askFor(manager, base, 360);
+  const asked540 = await askFor(manager, base, 540);
+
+  assert.equal(asked360.id, VARIANT_ID, "the first request made the encoder");
+  assert.equal(
+    asked540.id,
+    VARIANT_ID,
+    "and the second is served by it, because it produces the very same picture"
+  );
+  assert.equal(
+    manager.outputs.has(SECOND_VARIANT_ID),
+    false,
+    "the duplicate was let go as soon as its size was known"
+  );
+  assert.equal(
+    chosenOutputOf(manager.viewers, VIEWER, 540),
+    manager.outputs.get(VARIANT_ID)?.outputKey,
+    "540p is recorded as answered by the output the machine can hold"
+  );
+
+  const askedAgain = await askFor(manager, base, 540);
+
+  assert.equal(askedAgain.id, VARIANT_ID);
+  assert.equal(created.length, 2, "the third request created nothing at all");
+});
+
+test("rungs that really do differ keep their own encoders", async (t) => {
+  const { manager, base, dirPath } = await managerWithBase();
+  const spawnedDirs = [];
+  t.after(async () => {
+    await manager.lifecycle.disposeAll();
+    await Promise.all(spawnedDirs.map((dir) => rm(dir, { recursive: true, force: true })));
+    await rm(dirPath, { recursive: true, force: true });
+  });
+
+  // A host with room: each request is encoded at the height it named, so
+  // nothing may be merged. The sharing above must not become "one encoder for
+  // every rung".
+  const madeIds = [VARIANT_ID, SECOND_VARIANT_ID];
+  const created = [];
+  manager.viewerRequests.createOrGetSession = async (params) => {
+    const id = madeIds[created.length];
+    created.push(params);
+    const variantDir = await mkdtemp(path.join(os.tmpdir(), "quality-variants-distinct-"));
+    spawnedDirs.push(variantDir);
+    const variant = fakeSession({ id, encodeHeight: params.targetHeight, dirPath: variantDir });
+    manager.outputs.set(id, variant);
+    return variant;
+  };
+
+  const asked360 = await askFor(manager, base, 360);
+  const asked540 = await askFor(manager, base, 540);
+
+  assert.equal(asked360.id, VARIANT_ID);
+  assert.equal(asked540.id, SECOND_VARIANT_ID, "two different pictures, two encoders");
+  assert.equal(chosenOutputOf(manager.viewers, VIEWER, 360), asked360.outputKey);
+  assert.equal(chosenOutputOf(manager.viewers, VIEWER, 540), asked540.outputKey);
+});
+
+test("a rung is never served from the COPY, whatever height the copy happens to be", async (t) => {
+  const { manager, base, dirPath } = await managerWithBase();
+  const spawnedDirs = [];
+  t.after(async () => {
+    await manager.lifecycle.disposeAll();
+    await Promise.all(spawnedDirs.map((dir) => rm(dir, { recursive: true, force: true })));
+    await rm(dirPath, { recursive: true, force: true });
+  });
+
+  // The base is a COPY at 240p — no encoder behind it, and it is the one rung
+  // this host can always serve. Handing it to a request for a re-encoded 360p
+  // would give away exactly that, and a viewer stranded on a rung the machine
+  // cannot hold would have nowhere left to return to.
+  base.transcodeVideo = false;
+  base.encodeHeight = 240;
+  base.variantHeight = 240;
+  const created = [];
+  manager.viewerRequests.createOrGetSession = async (params) => {
+    created.push(params);
+    const variantDir = await mkdtemp(path.join(os.tmpdir(), "quality-variants-copy-"));
+    spawnedDirs.push(variantDir);
+    const variant = fakeSession({ id: VARIANT_ID, encodeHeight: 240, dirPath: variantDir });
+    manager.outputs.set(VARIANT_ID, variant);
+    return variant;
+  };
+
+  const asked = await askFor(manager, base, 360);
+
+  assert.equal(asked.id, VARIANT_ID, "the re-encoded rung is its own session, not the copy");
+});
+
+test("a file opened at a position starts its sound THERE, not a look-ahead earlier", async (t) => {
+  const { manager, base, dirPath } = await managerWithBase();
+  t.after(async () => {
+    await manager.lifecycle.disposeAll();
+    await rm(dirPath, { recursive: true, force: true });
+  });
+  base.spec = outputSpec({ transcodeVideo: true, audioSeparate: true, height: base.output.encodeHeight });
+  // The state at the instant a page is opened at a position: nothing seeked,
+  // no segment served, no report from anybody. The read head is then not a
+  // request edge — it is where the session was made — and a browser that has
+  // just opened holds no buffer at all.
+  base.lastRequestedSegment = null;
+  manager.viewers.of(base, VIEWER).moveTo(588);
+  manager.getCachedAudioTracks = () => [
+    { index: 0, language: "rus", title: "", isDefault: true },
+    { index: 1, language: "eng", title: "", isDefault: false }
+  ];
+  const created = [];
+  manager.viewerRequests.createOrGetSession = async (params) => {
+    created.push(params);
+    const rendition = fakeSession({ id: VARIANT_ID, encodeHeight: 0, dirPath, audioOnly: true });
+    return { sessionId: VARIANT_ID, session: rendition };
+  };
+
+  await manager.renditions.resolveAudioRenditionFile(BASE_ID, 1, "segment-00010.mp4", VIEWER);
+
+  // Field 2026-08-31: this answered 460 for a page opened at 588 — the whole
+  // 120 s look-ahead subtracted from a buffer that did not exist — and the
+  // segment the viewer needed took 38.8 s to appear against the picture's 8.4 s.
+  assert.equal(
+    created[0].startPositionSeconds,
+    584,
+    "where the viewer opened, less one segment of margin, and nothing else"
+  );
+});