@sythos/js_barcode_universal 1.5.8 → 1.5.9

package/src/ts/core/reed-solomon.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,327 @@
+/*!
+ * Sythos Barcode Suite
+ *
+ * MIT License
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2026 Sythos
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ *
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+ *
+ * Original work. No code from any other barcode implementation.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Reed-Solomon encoding and decoding over an arbitrary finite field.
+ *
+ * Systematic encoding: the output is the message followed by parity symbols,
+ * so the data is readable without decoding when the symbol is undamaged.
+ *
+ * Decoding is syndromes -> Berlekamp-Massey -> Chien search -> Forney.
+ * It corrects up to floor(eccLen / 2) symbol errors at unknown positions.
+ *
+ * Every arithmetic operation routes through the field object. There is
+ * deliberately not a single bare `^` in this file: XOR is correct for binary
+ * fields and wrong for GF(929), and the resulting bug is invisible to any test
+ * that only exercises QR or Data Matrix. See core/galois-field.js.
+ *
+ * Polynomial convention in this module: **coefficient index 0 is the highest
+ * degree**, matching the wire order of a codeword. The decoder converts to
+ * degree-ascending internally where the algorithms are stated that way.
+ *
+ * @module core/reed-solomon
+ */
+
+import { ChecksumError } from './errors.js';
+
+/**
+ * Build the generator polynomial for `eccLen` parity symbols.
+ *
+ *   g(x) = product over i of (x - a^(base + i)),  i = 0 .. eccLen-1
+ *
+ * `base` is 0 for QR; 1 for Aztec, Data Matrix and PDF417.
+ *
+ * @param {number} eccLen
+ * @param {import('./galois-field.js').GaloisField} field
+ * @param {number} [base]
+ * @returns {number[]} Monic, degree-descending, length eccLen + 1.
+ */
+export function generatorPoly(eccLen, field, base = 0) {
+  let g = [1];
+  for (let i = 0; i < eccLen; i++) {
+    const root = field.exp(base + i);
+    const next = new Array(g.length + 1).fill(0);
+    for (let j = 0; j < g.length; j++) {
+      // g[j]*x lands at next[j]; g[j]*(-root) lands at next[j+1].
+      next[j] = field.add(next[j], g[j]);
+      next[j + 1] = field.sub(next[j + 1], field.mul(g[j], root));
+    }
+    g = next;
+  }
+  return g;
+}
+
+const generatorCache = new Map();
+
+/**
+ * Cached {@link generatorPoly}. Encoding the same format repeatedly is the
+ * common case and rebuilding the polynomial each time is pure waste.
+ *
+ * @param {number} eccLen
+ * @param {import('./galois-field.js').GaloisField} field
+ * @param {number} [base]
+ * @returns {number[]}
+ */
+function cachedGenerator(eccLen, field, base) {
+  const key = `${field.name}|${eccLen}|${base}`;
+  let g = generatorCache.get(key);
+  if (!g) {
+    g = generatorPoly(eccLen, field, base);
+    generatorCache.set(key, g);
+  }
+  return g;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Compute `eccLen` parity symbols for `data`.
+ *
+ * @param {ArrayLike<number>} data
+ * @param {number} eccLen
+ * @param {import('./galois-field.js').GaloisField} field
+ * @param {number} [base]
+ * @returns {number[]} The parity symbols alone, length eccLen.
+ */
+export function rsEncode(data, eccLen, field, base = 0) {
+  if (eccLen <= 0) return [];
+  const gen = cachedGenerator(eccLen, field, base);
+  const res = new Array(data.length + eccLen).fill(0);
+  for (let i = 0; i < data.length; i++) res[i] = data[i];
+
+  // Synthetic division by a monic divisor: the leading coefficient is
+  // annihilated each step and its multiple subtracted from the tail.
+  for (let i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {
+    const coef = res[i];
+    if (coef === 0) continue;
+    for (let j = 1; j <= eccLen; j++) {
+      res[i + j] = field.sub(res[i + j], field.mul(gen[j], coef));
+    }
+  }
+
+  const remainder = res.slice(data.length);
+
+  // The codeword is data(x)*x^eccLen MINUS the remainder, so the parity
+  // symbols are the negated remainder. In a binary field negation is the
+  // identity and this is invisible; in GF(929) omitting it produces a
+  // codeword that is not divisible by the generator, and every symbol fails
+  // to decode. Exactly the class of bug the field abstraction exists to stop.
+  if (field.prime) {
+    for (let i = 0; i < remainder.length; i++) remainder[i] = field.neg(remainder[i]);
+  }
+  return remainder;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Evaluate a degree-descending polynomial at x (Horner).
+ *
+ * @param {ArrayLike<number>} poly
+ * @param {number} x
+ * @param {import('./galois-field.js').GaloisField} field
+ * @returns {number}
+ */
+function evalPoly(poly, x, field) {
+  let acc = 0;
+  for (let i = 0; i < poly.length; i++) {
+    acc = field.add(field.mul(acc, x), poly[i]);
+  }
+  return acc;
+}
+
+function multiplyAscending(left, right, field, limit) {
+  const out = new Array(Math.min(limit, left.length + right.length - 1)).fill(0);
+  for (let i = 0; i < left.length; i++) for (let j = 0; j < right.length && i + j < out.length; j++) {
+    out[i + j] = field.add(out[i + j], field.mul(left[i], right[j]));
+  }
+  return out;
+}
+
+function berlekampMassey(syndromes, field) {
+  const limit = syndromes.length;
+  const lambda = new Array(limit + 1).fill(0);
+  const previous = new Array(limit + 1).fill(0);
+  const temporary = new Array(limit + 1).fill(0);
+  lambda[0] = 1;
+  previous[0] = 1;
+  let errorCount = 0;
+  let shift = 1;
+  let lastDiscrepancy = 1;
+
+  for (let step = 0; step < limit; step++) {
+    let discrepancy = syndromes[step];
+    for (let i = 1; i <= errorCount; i++) discrepancy = field.add(discrepancy, field.mul(lambda[i], syndromes[step - i]));
+    if (discrepancy === 0) { shift++; continue; }
+    const scale = field.div(discrepancy, lastDiscrepancy);
+    for (let i = 0; i <= limit; i++) temporary[i] = lambda[i];
+    for (let i = 0; i + shift <= limit; i++) if (previous[i] !== 0) {
+      lambda[i + shift] = field.sub(lambda[i + shift], field.mul(scale, previous[i]));
+    }
+    if (2 * errorCount <= step) {
+      errorCount = step + 1 - errorCount;
+      for (let i = 0; i <= limit; i++) previous[i] = temporary[i];
+      lastDiscrepancy = discrepancy;
+      shift = 1;
+    } else shift++;
+  }
+  return { locator: lambda.slice(0, errorCount + 1), errorCount };
+}
+
+/**
+ * Correct errors in a received codeword, in place.
+ *
+ * @param {number[]} received Data followed by parity, degree-descending.
+ * @param {number} eccLen
+ * @param {import('./galois-field.js').GaloisField} field
+ * @param {number} [base]
+ * @param {number[]} [erasures] Known damaged indexes, counted from wire order.
+ * @returns {number} Number of symbols corrected.
+ * @throws {ChecksumError} If the damage exceeds the correction capacity.
+ */
+export function rsDecode(received, eccLen, field, base = 0, erasures = []) {
+  const n = received.length;
+  if (!Array.isArray(erasures) || new Set(erasures).size !== erasures.length || erasures.some((index) => !Number.isInteger(index) || index < 0 || index >= n)) {
+    throw new ChecksumError('Reed-Solomon: erasure positions must be unique codeword indexes');
+  }
+  if (erasures.length > eccLen) throw new ChecksumError(`Reed-Solomon: ${erasures.length} erasures exceeds correction capacity ${eccLen} (${field.name})`);
+
+  // --- Syndromes. S[i] = R(a^(base+i)); all zero means an intact codeword.
+  const syn = new Array(eccLen).fill(0);
+  let damaged = false;
+  for (let i = 0; i < eccLen; i++) {
+    const s = evalPoly(received, field.exp(base + i), field);
+    syn[i] = s;
+    if (s !== 0) damaged = true;
+  }
+  if (!damaged) return 0;
+
+  // Remove the known roots before locating unknown errors. The leading
+  // erasureCount terms contain only the known-location transient and are not
+  // part of the error-only recurrence.
+  let erasureLocator = [1];
+  for (const index of erasures) {
+    const location = field.exp(n - 1 - index);
+    erasureLocator = multiplyAscending(erasureLocator, [1, field.neg(location)], field, eccLen + 1);
+  }
+  const modified = multiplyAscending(syn, erasureLocator, field, eccLen).slice(erasures.length);
+  const { locator: errorLocator, errorCount } = berlekampMassey(modified, field);
+  if (2 * errorCount + erasures.length > eccLen) {
+    throw new ChecksumError(
+      `Reed-Solomon: ${errorCount} errors and ${erasures.length} erasures exceed correction capacity ` +
+      `${eccLen} (${field.name})`
+    );
+  }
+  const lambda = multiplyAscending(erasureLocator, errorLocator, field, eccLen + 1);
+  const totalCount = errorCount + erasures.length;
+
+  // --- Chien search. Position p (counted from the low-order end) is in error
+  // when lambda(a^-p) == 0.
+  const positions = [];
+  for (let p = 0; p < n; p++) {
+    const xInv = field.exp(-p);
+    let acc = 0;
+    let term = 1;
+    for (let i = 0; i <= totalCount; i++) {
+      acc = field.add(acc, field.mul(lambda[i], term));
+      term = field.mul(term, xInv);
+    }
+    if (acc === 0) positions.push(p);
+  }
+
+  if (positions.length !== totalCount) {
+    throw new ChecksumError(
+      `Reed-Solomon: located ${positions.length} of ${totalCount} error positions`
+    );
+  }
+
+  // --- Error evaluator. omega(x) = [S(x) * lambda(x)] mod x^eccLen,
+  // with S degree-ascending.
+  const omega = new Array(eccLen).fill(0);
+  for (let i = 0; i < eccLen; i++) {
+    let acc = 0;
+    for (let j = 0; j <= i && j <= totalCount; j++) {
+      acc = field.add(acc, field.mul(lambda[j], syn[i - j]));
+    }
+    omega[i] = acc;
+  }
+
+  // --- Forney. For an error at position p, with X = a^p:
+  //   magnitude = -X^(1-base) * omega(X^-1) / lambda'(X^-1)
+  // The sign is a no-op in binary fields and load-bearing in GF(929).
+  let corrected = 0;
+  for (const p of positions) {
+    const xInv = field.exp(-p);
+
+    let num = 0;
+    let term = 1;
+    for (let i = 0; i < eccLen; i++) {
+      num = field.add(num, field.mul(omega[i], term));
+      term = field.mul(term, xInv);
+    }
+
+    // Formal derivative: only odd-index terms survive in a binary field, but
+    // in a prime field every term contributes with an integer multiplier.
+    let den = 0;
+    term = 1;
+    for (let i = 1; i <= totalCount; i++) {
+      if (field.prime) {
+        // i * lambda[i] * x^(i-1), where `i` is repeated addition.
+        let mult = 0;
+        const t = field.mul(lambda[i], term);
+        for (let k = 0; k < i; k++) mult = field.add(mult, t);
+        den = field.add(den, mult);
+      } else if (i % 2 === 1) {
+        den = field.add(den, field.mul(lambda[i], term));
+      }
+      term = field.mul(term, xInv);
+    }
+
+    if (den === 0) {
+      throw new ChecksumError('Reed-Solomon: singular error locator derivative');
+    }
+
+    let magnitude = field.div(num, den);
+    // X^(1-base): one factor of X when base is 0, none when base is 1.
+    if (base === 0) magnitude = field.mul(magnitude, field.exp(p));
+    else if (base !== 1) magnitude = field.mul(magnitude, field.exp(p * (1 - base)));
+    magnitude = field.neg(magnitude);
+
+    const idx = n - 1 - p;
+    received[idx] = field.sub(received[idx], magnitude);
+    corrected++;
+  }
+
+  // Verify: a genuine correction zeroes every syndrome. Without this check,
+  // damage beyond capacity can produce a plausible-looking wrong answer.
+  for (let i = 0; i < eccLen; i++) {
+    if (evalPoly(received, field.exp(base + i), field) !== 0) {
+      throw new ChecksumError('Reed-Solomon: correction failed verification');
+    }
+  }
+
+  return corrected;
+}

package/src/ts/databar/codec.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,181 @@
+/*!
+ * Sythos Barcode Suite
+ *
+ * MIT License
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2026 Sythos
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ *
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+ *
+ * Original work. No code from any other barcode implementation.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * GTIN validation and numeric compaction for GS1 DataBar GTIN-only symbols.
+ *
+ * This is intentionally not a bar-pattern encoder. It emits the exact symbol
+ * character values required by ISO/IEC 24724:2011; a later encoder can turn
+ * those values into widths without reinterpreting a GTIN or linkage flag.
+ *
+ * @module databar/codec
+ */
+
+import {
+  DATABAR14_INSIDE_RADIX,
+  DATABAR14_PAIR_RADIX,
+  DATABAR14_SYMBOL_LIMIT,
+  DATABAR_LIMITED_DATA_LIMIT,
+  DATABAR_LIMITED_LINKAGE_OFFSET,
+  DATABAR_LIMITED_PAIR_RADIX,
+} from './tables.js';
+
+const GTIN_LENGTHS = new Set([8, 12, 13, 14]);
+
+function digits(value, label) {
+  const text = String(value);
+  if (!/^\d+$/.test(text)) throw new TypeError(`${label} must contain only decimal digits`);
+  return text;
+}
+
+function asCharacterValue(value, label, maximum) {
+  if (!Number.isInteger(value) || value < 0 || value > maximum) {
+    throw new RangeError(`${label} must be an integer from 0 to ${maximum}`);
+  }
+  return value;
+}
+
+/** Calculate the GS1 modulo-10 check digit for a GTIN body. */
+export function gtinCheckDigit(body) {
+  const text = digits(body, 'GTIN body');
+  if (text.length < 1 || text.length > 13) throw new RangeError('GTIN body must contain 1 to 13 digits');
+  let sum = 0;
+  for (let i = text.length - 1, weight = 3; i >= 0; i--, weight = weight === 3 ? 1 : 3) {
+    sum += Number(text[i]) * weight;
+  }
+  return String((10 - (sum % 10)) % 10);
+}
+
+/** Return a checked 14-digit GTIN, preserving only its standardized digits. */
+export function normalizeGTIN(value) {
+  const input = digits(value, 'GTIN');
+  if (!GTIN_LENGTHS.has(input.length)) {
+    throw new RangeError('GTIN must contain 8, 12, 13, or 14 digits including its check digit');
+  }
+  if (gtinCheckDigit(input.slice(0, -1)) !== input.at(-1)) {
+    throw new RangeError(`GTIN check digit is invalid for ${input}`);
+  }
+  return input.padStart(14, '0');
+}
+
+/** Build a checked GTIN-14 from its thirteen-digit data body. */
+export function makeGTIN14(body) {
+  const input = digits(body, 'GTIN-14 body');
+  if (input.length > 13) throw new RangeError('GTIN-14 body must contain at most 13 digits');
+  const padded = input.padStart(13, '0');
+  return padded + gtinCheckDigit(padded);
+}
+
+function gtinFromSymbolValue(symbolValue) {
+  const value = BigInt(symbolValue);
+  if (value < 0n || value >= DATABAR14_SYMBOL_LIMIT) throw new RangeError('GS1 DataBar-14 symbol value is out of range');
+  const linkage = value >= 10000000000000n;
+  const body = (linkage ? value - 10000000000000n : value).toString().padStart(13, '0');
+  return { linkage, gtin: body + gtinCheckDigit(body) };
+}
+
+/**
+ * Compact a GTIN into the four values shared by Omnidirectional, Truncated,
+ * Stacked and Stacked Omnidirectional. The `physicalCharacters` sequence is
+ * left-to-right on a linear DataBar-14 row: 1, 2, 4, 3.
+ */
+export function encodeDataBar14GTIN(value, options = {}) {
+  const gtin = normalizeGTIN(value);
+  const linkage = options.linkage === true;
+  if (options.linkage !== undefined && typeof options.linkage !== 'boolean') {
+    throw new TypeError('GS1 DataBar linkage must be a boolean');
+  }
+  const dataBody = gtin.slice(0, -1);
+  const symbolValue = BigInt(dataBody) + (linkage ? 10000000000000n : 0n);
+  const leftPair = symbolValue / BigInt(DATABAR14_PAIR_RADIX);
+  const rightPair = symbolValue % BigInt(DATABAR14_PAIR_RADIX);
+  const outerLeft = Number(leftPair / BigInt(DATABAR14_INSIDE_RADIX));
+  const innerLeft = Number(leftPair % BigInt(DATABAR14_INSIDE_RADIX));
+  const outerRight = Number(rightPair / BigInt(DATABAR14_INSIDE_RADIX));
+  const innerRight = Number(rightPair % BigInt(DATABAR14_INSIDE_RADIX));
+
+  return Object.freeze({
+    gtin, linkage, symbolValue, leftPair, rightPair,
+    logicalCharacters: Object.freeze({ outerLeft, innerLeft, outerRight, innerRight }),
+    physicalCharacters: Object.freeze([outerLeft, innerLeft, innerRight, outerRight]),
+  });
+}
+
+/** Reconstruct and validate a GTIN from the four DataBar-14 character values. */
+export function decodeDataBar14GTIN(values) {
+  if (values === null || typeof values !== 'object') throw new TypeError('GS1 DataBar-14 characters must be an object');
+  const outerLeft = asCharacterValue(values.outerLeft, 'outerLeft', 2840);
+  const innerLeft = asCharacterValue(values.innerLeft, 'innerLeft', 1596);
+  const outerRight = asCharacterValue(values.outerRight, 'outerRight', 2840);
+  const innerRight = asCharacterValue(values.innerRight, 'innerRight', 1596);
+  const leftPair = BigInt(outerLeft) * BigInt(DATABAR14_INSIDE_RADIX) + BigInt(innerLeft);
+  const rightPair = BigInt(outerRight) * BigInt(DATABAR14_INSIDE_RADIX) + BigInt(innerRight);
+  return Object.freeze({
+    ...gtinFromSymbolValue(leftPair * BigInt(DATABAR14_PAIR_RADIX) + rightPair),
+    leftPair, rightPair,
+  });
+}
+
+/** Compact a DataBar Limited-eligible GTIN into its two data character values. */
+export function encodeDataBarLimitedGTIN(value, options = {}) {
+  const gtin = normalizeGTIN(value);
+  const linkage = options.linkage === true;
+  if (options.linkage !== undefined && typeof options.linkage !== 'boolean') {
+    throw new TypeError('GS1 DataBar linkage must be a boolean');
+  }
+  const dataBody = BigInt(gtin.slice(0, -1));
+  if (dataBody >= DATABAR_LIMITED_DATA_LIMIT) {
+    throw new RangeError('GS1 DataBar Limited requires a GTIN whose indicator digit is 0 or 1');
+  }
+  const symbolValue = dataBody + (linkage ? DATABAR_LIMITED_LINKAGE_OFFSET : 0n);
+  const left = Number(symbolValue / BigInt(DATABAR_LIMITED_PAIR_RADIX));
+  const right = Number(symbolValue % BigInt(DATABAR_LIMITED_PAIR_RADIX));
+  return Object.freeze({ gtin, linkage, symbolValue, left, right });
+}
+
+/** Reconstruct and validate a GTIN from DataBar Limited data character values. */
+export function decodeDataBarLimitedGTIN(values) {
+  if (values === null || typeof values !== 'object') throw new TypeError('GS1 DataBar Limited characters must be an object');
+  const left = asCharacterValue(values.left, 'left', 1994036);
+  const right = asCharacterValue(values.right, 'right', DATABAR_LIMITED_PAIR_RADIX - 1);
+  let symbolValue = BigInt(left) * BigInt(DATABAR_LIMITED_PAIR_RADIX) + BigInt(right);
+  const linkage = symbolValue >= DATABAR_LIMITED_LINKAGE_OFFSET;
+  if (linkage) symbolValue -= DATABAR_LIMITED_LINKAGE_OFFSET;
+  if (symbolValue < 0n || symbolValue >= DATABAR_LIMITED_DATA_LIMIT) {
+    throw new RangeError('GS1 DataBar Limited character values do not encode a permitted GTIN');
+  }
+  const body = symbolValue.toString().padStart(13, '0');
+  return Object.freeze({ linkage, gtin: body + gtinCheckDigit(body), symbolValue: BigInt(left) * BigInt(DATABAR_LIMITED_PAIR_RADIX) + BigInt(right) });
+}
+
+/** GS1 transmitted form for the GTIN-only DataBar variants. */
+export function dataBarGtinTransmission(value) {
+  return `]e001${normalizeGTIN(value)}`;
+}