@syllst/ka 0.3.6 → 0.3.8
This diff represents the content of publicly available package versions that have been released to one of the supported registries. The information contained in this diff is provided for informational purposes only and reflects changes between package versions as they appear in their respective public registries.
- package/dist/index.d.ts +7 -80
- package/dist/index.d.ts.map +1 -0
- package/dist/index.js +43 -44
- package/dist/index.js.map +1 -1
- package/dist/index.umd.cjs +49 -0
- package/dist/index.umd.cjs.map +1 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/alphabet/index.d.ts +2 -5
- package/dist/syllabi/alphabet/index.d.ts.map +1 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/dialogue/index.d.ts +2 -5
- package/dist/syllabi/dialogue/index.d.ts.map +1 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/essentials/index.d.ts +2 -5
- package/dist/syllabi/essentials/index.d.ts.map +1 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/grammar/index.d.ts +2 -5
- package/dist/syllabi/grammar/index.d.ts.map +1 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/numbers/index.d.ts +2 -5
- package/dist/syllabi/numbers/index.d.ts.map +1 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/reading/index.d.ts +2 -5
- package/dist/syllabi/reading/index.d.ts.map +1 -0
- package/package.json +5 -2
- package/dist/index-B9OHu0Ax.js +0 -52
- package/dist/index-B9OHu0Ax.js.map +0 -1
- package/dist/index-D7wYzNIf.js +0 -56
- package/dist/index-D7wYzNIf.js.map +0 -1
- package/dist/index-DCpqhby8.js +0 -52
- package/dist/index-DCpqhby8.js.map +0 -1
- package/dist/index-DflZY235.js +0 -52
- package/dist/index-DflZY235.js.map +0 -1
- package/dist/index-Dp1OEIeC.js +0 -48
- package/dist/index-Dp1OEIeC.js.map +0 -1
- package/dist/index-Dx8CaIyS.js +0 -42
- package/dist/index-Dx8CaIyS.js.map +0 -1
- package/dist/lesson-01-CSwZqadZ.js +0 -193
- package/dist/lesson-01-CSwZqadZ.js.map +0 -1
- package/dist/lesson-01-CXuaNjfX.js +0 -196
- package/dist/lesson-01-CXuaNjfX.js.map +0 -1
- package/dist/lesson-01-CjeVy1Pm.js +0 -148
- package/dist/lesson-01-CjeVy1Pm.js.map +0 -1
- package/dist/lesson-01-Cjq5zM3G.js +0 -169
- package/dist/lesson-01-Cjq5zM3G.js.map +0 -1
- package/dist/lesson-01-Dln4m4gy.js +0 -185
- package/dist/lesson-01-Dln4m4gy.js.map +0 -1
- package/dist/lesson-01-Dx39ahX1.js +0 -191
- package/dist/lesson-01-Dx39ahX1.js.map +0 -1
- package/dist/lesson-02-BTmLITxi.js +0 -193
- package/dist/lesson-02-BTmLITxi.js.map +0 -1
- package/dist/lesson-02-CKmyOzkz.js +0 -189
- package/dist/lesson-02-CKmyOzkz.js.map +0 -1
- package/dist/lesson-02-CW2iIZWk.js +0 -242
- package/dist/lesson-02-CW2iIZWk.js.map +0 -1
- package/dist/lesson-02-CjWc8Ndm.js +0 -159
- package/dist/lesson-02-CjWc8Ndm.js.map +0 -1
- package/dist/lesson-02-D6EZkoTX.js +0 -186
- package/dist/lesson-02-D6EZkoTX.js.map +0 -1
- package/dist/lesson-02-DEX5_pni.js +0 -184
- package/dist/lesson-02-DEX5_pni.js.map +0 -1
- package/dist/lesson-03-Cc9VcHwa.js +0 -310
- package/dist/lesson-03-Cc9VcHwa.js.map +0 -1
- package/dist/lesson-03-D-UB6j-3.js +0 -155
- package/dist/lesson-03-D-UB6j-3.js.map +0 -1
- package/dist/lesson-03-D4MQ-BF0.js +0 -197
- package/dist/lesson-03-D4MQ-BF0.js.map +0 -1
- package/dist/lesson-03-DIsrN1SX.js +0 -192
- package/dist/lesson-03-DIsrN1SX.js.map +0 -1
- package/dist/lesson-03-DORvGZm9.js +0 -186
- package/dist/lesson-03-DORvGZm9.js.map +0 -1
- package/dist/lesson-03-i2GGdsRN.js +0 -181
- package/dist/lesson-03-i2GGdsRN.js.map +0 -1
- package/dist/lesson-04-BG5oG78h.js +0 -191
- package/dist/lesson-04-BG5oG78h.js.map +0 -1
- package/dist/lesson-04-D2tqk_vu.js +0 -166
- package/dist/lesson-04-D2tqk_vu.js.map +0 -1
- package/dist/lesson-04-D3NM9z0Z.js +0 -220
- package/dist/lesson-04-D3NM9z0Z.js.map +0 -1
- package/dist/lesson-04-DciNjG8E.js +0 -186
- package/dist/lesson-04-DciNjG8E.js.map +0 -1
- package/dist/lesson-04-vbP_pH7H.js +0 -201
- package/dist/lesson-04-vbP_pH7H.js.map +0 -1
- package/dist/lesson-05-5ITBa2Ia.js +0 -214
- package/dist/lesson-05-5ITBa2Ia.js.map +0 -1
- package/dist/lesson-05-DDD4BdBD.js +0 -197
- package/dist/lesson-05-DDD4BdBD.js.map +0 -1
- package/dist/lesson-05-Dp2ZUMvn.js +0 -227
- package/dist/lesson-05-Dp2ZUMvn.js.map +0 -1
- package/dist/lesson-05-Du04UDw8.js +0 -175
- package/dist/lesson-05-Du04UDw8.js.map +0 -1
- package/dist/lesson-05-VfiWFnKX.js +0 -192
- package/dist/lesson-05-VfiWFnKX.js.map +0 -1
- package/dist/lesson-06-B247Ezo8.js +0 -161
- package/dist/lesson-06-B247Ezo8.js.map +0 -1
- package/dist/lesson-06-CT_T2-CF.js +0 -201
- package/dist/lesson-06-CT_T2-CF.js.map +0 -1
- package/dist/lesson-06-C_aRLClN.js +0 -224
- package/dist/lesson-06-C_aRLClN.js.map +0 -1
- package/dist/lesson-06-Cv5qUy34.js +0 -208
- package/dist/lesson-06-Cv5qUy34.js.map +0 -1
- package/dist/lesson-06-DcGxfTbB.js +0 -177
- package/dist/lesson-06-DcGxfTbB.js.map +0 -1
- package/dist/lesson-07-9svk0QSq.js +0 -215
- package/dist/lesson-07-9svk0QSq.js.map +0 -1
- package/dist/lesson-07-CoWJuUIC.js +0 -189
- package/dist/lesson-07-CoWJuUIC.js.map +0 -1
- package/dist/lesson-07-DGrnNH3e.js +0 -223
- package/dist/lesson-07-DGrnNH3e.js.map +0 -1
- package/dist/lesson-07-XGTm5Tp2.js +0 -182
- package/dist/lesson-07-XGTm5Tp2.js.map +0 -1
- package/dist/lesson-08-C5Oqga49.js +0 -213
- package/dist/lesson-08-C5Oqga49.js.map +0 -1
- package/dist/lesson-08-CDZOUysk.js +0 -228
- package/dist/lesson-08-CDZOUysk.js.map +0 -1
- package/dist/lesson-08-DiHa8O85.js +0 -196
- package/dist/lesson-08-DiHa8O85.js.map +0 -1
- package/dist/lesson-08-dU_y8sh9.js +0 -191
- package/dist/lesson-08-dU_y8sh9.js.map +0 -1
- package/dist/lesson-09-DDDgHvWa.js +0 -190
- package/dist/lesson-09-DDDgHvWa.js.map +0 -1
- package/dist/lesson-10-BxDf0Pp3.js +0 -267
- package/dist/lesson-10-BxDf0Pp3.js.map +0 -1
- package/dist/shared-DADMaTE7.js +0 -27
- package/dist/shared-DADMaTE7.js.map +0 -1
- package/dist/syllabi/alphabet/index.js +0 -10
- package/dist/syllabi/alphabet/index.js.map +0 -1
- package/dist/syllabi/dialogue/index.js +0 -10
- package/dist/syllabi/dialogue/index.js.map +0 -1
- package/dist/syllabi/essentials/index.js +0 -10
- package/dist/syllabi/essentials/index.js.map +0 -1
- package/dist/syllabi/grammar/index.js +0 -10
- package/dist/syllabi/grammar/index.js.map +0 -1
- package/dist/syllabi/numbers/index.js +0 -10
- package/dist/syllabi/numbers/index.js.map +0 -1
- package/dist/syllabi/reading/index.js +0 -10
- package/dist/syllabi/reading/index.js.map +0 -1
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const e = `---
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type: lesson
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id: georgian-grammar-lesson-03
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title: "გაკვეთილი 3 — სახელობითი და მოთხრობითი ბრუნვა"
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description: "The Nominative and Ergative Cases: how subjects are marked in Georgian"
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order: 3
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parentId: georgian-grammar
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difficulty: intermediate
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cefrLevel: A2
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categories:
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- grammar
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- cases
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metadata:
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estimatedTime: 35
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prerequisites:
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- georgian-grammar-lesson-02
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learningObjectives:
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- id: obj-03-cases-recognize
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description: "Recognize nominative and ergative case endings on nouns"
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skill: pattern-recognition
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- id: obj-03-cases-apply
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description: "Use the correct case ending based on verb type"
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skill: pattern-application
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- id: obj-03-cases-order
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description: "Identify subject and object from case endings in a sentence"
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skill: word-order
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---
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# გაკვეთილი 3 (Lesson 3) — The Nominative and Ergative Cases
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## Introduction
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Georgian has a case system — nouns change their endings depending on their role in a sentence. This is one of Georgian's most distinctive grammatical features. Two cases are essential for every learner: the **nominative** (სახელობითი) and the **ergative** (მოთხრობითი).
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The crucial difference: which case the subject takes **depends on the verb**, not just on whether the noun is the subject or object.
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## The Nominative Case (სახელობითი)
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The nominative ends in **-ი** (-i) and is the citation form of a noun — the form you find in a dictionary.
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| Word | Nominative form | Meaning |
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|------|-----------------|---------|
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| კაცი | kats-i | man |
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| ქალი | kal-i | woman |
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| სტუდენტი | student-i | student |
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| მასწავლებელი | matsavlebel-i | teacher |
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The nominative is used as the subject of **intransitive verbs** — verbs with no object (e.g., to go, to run, to sleep, to be):
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- კაცი მიდის (katsi midis) — The man goes
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- ქალი დგას (kali dgas) — The woman stands
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- სტუდენტი სწავლობს (studenti stsvavlobs) — The student studies
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## The Ergative Case (მოთხრობითი)
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The ergative ends in **-მა** (-ma) and is used as the subject of **transitive verbs in the past tense** — verbs that take a direct object (e.g., to read, to write, to eat, to see):
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| Nominative | Ergative | Meaning |
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|------------|----------|---------|
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| კაცი | კაც-მა | man (ergative) |
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| ქალი | ქალ-მა | woman (ergative) |
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| სტუდენტი | სტუდენტ-მა | student (ergative) |
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Ergative examples (past tense with transitive verb):
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- კაცმა წიგნი წაიკითხა (katsma tsigni tsaikitxa) — The man read the book
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- ქალმა წერილი დაწერა (kalma tserili datsera) — The woman wrote the letter
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- სტუდენტმა გამოცდა ჩააბარა (studentma gamotsdа chaabara) — The student passed the exam
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## The Split-Ergativity Pattern
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This system is called **split ergativity**: Georgian uses different case systems depending on tense and verb type.
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| Situation | Subject case | Example |
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|-----------|-------------|---------|
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| Present / intransitive | Nominative (-ი) | კაცი მიდის |
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| Past / transitive | Ergative (-მა) | კაცმა წიგნი წაიკითხა |
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Think of it this way: in the past tense, a transitive action "acts upon" the subject from the outside — the subject is the agent of something done, so Georgian marks it differently.
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## What Happens to the Object?
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When the ergative subject is used (past transitive), the **object** takes the nominative form (-ი) instead of the dative:
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- კაცმა **წიგნი** წაიკითხა — The man read **the book** (book = nominative, subject of reading)
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- (compare present: კაცი **წიგნს** კითხულობს — the man reads **the book**, book = dative -ს)
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This case realignment is a hallmark of Georgian grammar.
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## Practice Exercises
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:::exercise{id="ka-gram-03-cases-recognize" type="matching" title="Identify the Case" skill="pattern-recognition" objectiveId="obj-03-cases-recognize"}
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**Question:** Identify whether the bold noun is nominative (-ი) or ergative (-მა)
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- **კაცი** მიდის
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- **ქალმა** წერილი დაწერა
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- **სტუდენტი** სწავლობს
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- **სტუდენტმა** გამოცდა ჩააბარა
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**Answer:**
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- **კაცი** — nominative (-ი ending), subject of intransitive verb
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- **ქალმა** — ergative (-მა ending), subject of past transitive verb
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- **სტუდენტი** — nominative (-ი ending), subject of intransitive/present verb
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- **სტუდენტმა** — ergative (-მა ending), subject of past transitive verb
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**Explanation:** The -ი ending marks the nominative. The -მა ending marks the ergative. Ergative is used when the verb is transitive and in the past tense.
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:::
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:::exercise{id="ka-gram-03-cases-apply" type="fill-in-blank" title="Choose the Right Case" skill="pattern-application" objectiveId="obj-03-cases-apply"}
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**Question:** Fill in the correct form of the subject noun (nominative or ergative)
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1. ___ (კაცი) მიდის — The man goes (intransitive)
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2. ___ (ქალი) წერილი დაწერა — The woman wrote the letter (past transitive)
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3. ___ (სტუდენტი) სწავლობს — The student studies (present)
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4. ___ (ბავშვი) პური შეჭამა — The child ate bread (past transitive)
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**Answer:**
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1. **კაცი** მიდის (nominative — intransitive)
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2. **ქალმა** წერილი დაწერა (ergative — past transitive)
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3. **სტუდენტი** სწავლობს (nominative — present)
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4. **ბავშვმა** პური შეჭამა (ergative — past transitive)
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**Explanation:** Use nominative (-ი) for intransitive verbs or present tense subjects. Use ergative (-მა) for subjects of past tense transitive verbs. Drop the -ი from the nominative and add -მა to form the ergative.
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:::exercise{id="ka-gram-03-cases-order" type="multiple-choice" title="Who Did the Action?" skill="word-order" objectiveId="obj-03-cases-order"}
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**Question:** In the sentence **ქალმა კაცი დაინახა** (the woman saw the man), who is the subject (the one doing the seeing)?
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**Options:**
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- კაცი (the man), because -ი is the subject marker
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- ქალი (the woman), but her form changed
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- ქალმა (the woman), because -მა marks the ergative subject
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- It is impossible to tell without context
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**Answer:** 3
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**Explanation:** In past transitive sentences, the **ergative (-მა)** marks the subject. ქალმა is the woman as ergative subject — she did the seeing. კაცი (nominative -ი) is the object in this construction. The case ending tells you who did what, even if word order changes.
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## What's Next
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In Lesson 4, you will learn Georgian postpositions — the equivalents of English prepositions, but they attach after the noun rather than before it.
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`;
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export {
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e as default
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};
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//# sourceMappingURL=lesson-03-D-UB6j-3.js.map
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{"version":3,"file":"lesson-03-D-UB6j-3.js","sources":["../src/syllabi/grammar/lessons/lesson-03.mdx?raw"],"sourcesContent":["export default \"---\\ntype: lesson\\nid: georgian-grammar-lesson-03\\ntitle: \\\"გაკვეთილი 3 — სახელობითი და მოთხრობითი ბრუნვა\\\"\\ndescription: \\\"The Nominative and Ergative Cases: how subjects are marked in Georgian\\\"\\norder: 3\\nparentId: georgian-grammar\\ndifficulty: intermediate\\ncefrLevel: A2\\ncategories:\\n - grammar\\n - cases\\nmetadata:\\n estimatedTime: 35\\n prerequisites:\\n - georgian-grammar-lesson-02\\n learningObjectives:\\n - id: obj-03-cases-recognize\\n description: \\\"Recognize nominative and ergative case endings on nouns\\\"\\n skill: pattern-recognition\\n - id: obj-03-cases-apply\\n description: \\\"Use the correct case ending based on verb type\\\"\\n skill: pattern-application\\n - id: obj-03-cases-order\\n description: \\\"Identify subject and object from case endings in a sentence\\\"\\n skill: word-order\\n---\\n\\n# გაკვეთილი 3 (Lesson 3) — The Nominative and Ergative Cases\\n\\n## Introduction\\n\\nGeorgian has a case system — nouns change their endings depending on their role in a sentence. This is one of Georgian's most distinctive grammatical features. Two cases are essential for every learner: the **nominative** (სახელობითი) and the **ergative** (მოთხრობითი).\\n\\nThe crucial difference: which case the subject takes **depends on the verb**, not just on whether the noun is the subject or object.\\n\\n## The Nominative Case (სახელობითი)\\n\\nThe nominative ends in **-ი** (-i) and is the citation form of a noun — the form you find in a dictionary.\\n\\n| Word | Nominative form | Meaning |\\n|------|-----------------|---------|\\n| კაცი | kats-i | man |\\n| ქალი | kal-i | woman |\\n| სტუდენტი | student-i | student |\\n| მასწავლებელი | matsavlebel-i | teacher |\\n\\nThe nominative is used as the subject of **intransitive verbs** — verbs with no object (e.g., to go, to run, to sleep, to be):\\n\\n- კაცი მიდის (katsi midis) — The man goes\\n- ქალი დგას (kali dgas) — The woman stands\\n- სტუდენტი სწავლობს (studenti stsvavlobs) — The student studies\\n\\n## The Ergative Case (მოთხრობითი)\\n\\nThe ergative ends in **-მა** (-ma) and is used as the subject of **transitive verbs in the past tense** — verbs that take a direct object (e.g., to read, to write, to eat, to see):\\n\\n| Nominative | Ergative | Meaning |\\n|------------|----------|---------|\\n| კაცი | კაც-მა | man (ergative) |\\n| ქალი | ქალ-მა | woman (ergative) |\\n| სტუდენტი | სტუდენტ-მა | student (ergative) |\\n\\nErgative examples (past tense with transitive verb):\\n\\n- კაცმა წიგნი წაიკითხა (katsma tsigni tsaikitxa) — The man read the book\\n- ქალმა წერილი დაწერა (kalma tserili datsera) — The woman wrote the letter\\n- სტუდენტმა გამოცდა ჩააბარა (studentma gamotsdа chaabara) — The student passed the exam\\n\\n## The Split-Ergativity Pattern\\n\\nThis system is called **split ergativity**: Georgian uses different case systems depending on tense and verb type.\\n\\n| Situation | Subject case | Example |\\n|-----------|-------------|---------|\\n| Present / intransitive | Nominative (-ი) | კაცი მიდის |\\n| Past / transitive | Ergative (-მა) | კაცმა წიგნი წაიკითხა |\\n\\nThink of it this way: in the past tense, a transitive action \\\"acts upon\\\" the subject from the outside — the subject is the agent of something done, so Georgian marks it differently.\\n\\n## What Happens to the Object?\\n\\nWhen the ergative subject is used (past transitive), the **object** takes the nominative form (-ი) instead of the dative:\\n\\n- კაცმა **წიგნი** წაიკითხა — The man read **the book** (book = nominative, subject of reading)\\n- (compare present: კაცი **წიგნს** კითხულობს — the man reads **the book**, book = dative -ს)\\n\\nThis case realignment is a hallmark of Georgian grammar.\\n\\n## Practice Exercises\\n\\n:::exercise{id=\\\"ka-gram-03-cases-recognize\\\" type=\\\"matching\\\" title=\\\"Identify the Case\\\" skill=\\\"pattern-recognition\\\" objectiveId=\\\"obj-03-cases-recognize\\\"}\\n\\n**Question:** Identify whether the bold noun is nominative (-ი) or ergative (-მა)\\n\\n- **კაცი** მიდის\\n- **ქალმა** წერილი დაწერა\\n- **სტუდენტი** სწავლობს\\n- **სტუდენტმა** გამოცდა ჩააბარა\\n\\n**Answer:**\\n\\n- **კაცი** — nominative (-ი ending), subject of intransitive verb\\n- **ქალმა** — ergative (-მა ending), subject of past transitive verb\\n- **სტუდენტი** — nominative (-ი ending), subject of intransitive/present verb\\n- **სტუდენტმა** — ergative (-მა ending), subject of past transitive verb\\n\\n**Explanation:** The -ი ending marks the nominative. The -მა ending marks the ergative. Ergative is used when the verb is transitive and in the past tense.\\n\\n:::\\n\\n:::exercise{id=\\\"ka-gram-03-cases-apply\\\" type=\\\"fill-in-blank\\\" title=\\\"Choose the Right Case\\\" skill=\\\"pattern-application\\\" objectiveId=\\\"obj-03-cases-apply\\\"}\\n\\n**Question:** Fill in the correct form of the subject noun (nominative or ergative)\\n\\n1. ___ (კაცი) მიდის — The man goes (intransitive)\\n2. ___ (ქალი) წერილი დაწერა — The woman wrote the letter (past transitive)\\n3. ___ (სტუდენტი) სწავლობს — The student studies (present)\\n4. ___ (ბავშვი) პური შეჭამა — The child ate bread (past transitive)\\n\\n**Answer:**\\n\\n1. **კაცი** მიდის (nominative — intransitive)\\n2. **ქალმა** წერილი დაწერა (ergative — past transitive)\\n3. **სტუდენტი** სწავლობს (nominative — present)\\n4. **ბავშვმა** პური შეჭამა (ergative — past transitive)\\n\\n**Explanation:** Use nominative (-ი) for intransitive verbs or present tense subjects. Use ergative (-მა) for subjects of past tense transitive verbs. Drop the -ი from the nominative and add -მა to form the ergative.\\n\\n:::\\n\\n:::exercise{id=\\\"ka-gram-03-cases-order\\\" type=\\\"multiple-choice\\\" title=\\\"Who Did the Action?\\\" skill=\\\"word-order\\\" objectiveId=\\\"obj-03-cases-order\\\"}\\n\\n**Question:** In the sentence **ქალმა კაცი დაინახა** (the woman saw the man), who is the subject (the one doing the seeing)?\\n\\n**Options:**\\n- კაცი (the man), because -ი is the subject marker\\n- ქალი (the woman), but her form changed\\n- ქალმა (the woman), because -მა marks the ergative subject\\n- It is impossible to tell without context\\n\\n**Answer:** 3\\n\\n**Explanation:** In past transitive sentences, the **ergative (-მა)** marks the subject. ქალმა is the woman as ergative subject — she did the seeing. კაცი (nominative -ი) is the object in this construction. The case ending tells you who did what, even if word order changes.\\n\\n:::\\n\\n## What's Next\\n\\nIn Lesson 4, you will learn Georgian postpositions — the equivalents of English prepositions, but they attach after the noun rather than before it.\\n\""],"names":["lesson03"],"mappings":"AAAA,MAAAA,IAAe;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;"}
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const n = `---
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type: lesson
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id: georgian-dialogue-lesson-03
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title: "გაკვეთილი 3 — გზის კითხვა (Asking for Directions)"
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description: "Asking where places are, understanding left/right/near/far in Georgian"
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order: 3
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parentId: georgian-dialogue
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difficulty: intermediate
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cefrLevel: A2
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categories:
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- dialogue
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- navigation
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- directions
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metadata:
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estimatedTime: 35
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prerequisites:
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- georgian-dialogue-lesson-02
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learningObjectives:
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- id: obj-dia-03-ask-directions
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description: "Ask where a place is in Georgian"
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skill: situational-response
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- id: obj-dia-03-understand-directions
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description: "Understand directional responses involving left, right, and distance"
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skill: dialogue-comprehension
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- id: obj-dia-03-landmarks
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description: "Use landmark vocabulary to navigate Georgian cities"
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skill: word-production
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---
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# გაკვეთილი 3 (Lesson 3) — Asking for Directions
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## Introduction
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Georgian cities, especially Tbilisi, combine ancient neighborhoods with modern streets. Knowing how to ask for directions — and understand the answer — is an essential survival skill. Georgians are generally very willing to help and may even walk you part of the way if the destination is complex to explain.
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## Direction Vocabulary
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:::vocabulary-set{id="ka-dia-03-directions" title="Directions"}
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::vocab-item{id="mარjvniv" word="მარჯვნივ" pronunciation="mar-jvniv" meaning="to the right"}
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::vocab-item{id="marcxniv" word="მარცხნივ" pronunciation="mar-tskhni" meaning="to the left"}
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::vocab-item{id="pirdapir" word="პირდაპირ" pronunciation="pir-da-pir" meaning="straight ahead"}
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::vocab-item{id="ukan" word="უკან" pronunciation="u-kan" meaning="back / behind"}
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::vocab-item{id="axlos" word="ახლოს" pronunciation="akh-los" meaning="nearby / close"}
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::vocab-item{id="sheorsit" word="შორს" pronunciation="shors" meaning="far"}
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::vocab-item{id="kurkhivi" word="შემდეგ გზა" pronunciation="shem-deg gza" meaning="next street / next road"}
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:::
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## Asking Where a Place Is
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:::vocabulary-set{id="ka-dia-03-questions" title="Direction Questions"}
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::vocab-item{id="sad-aris" word="სად არის...?" pronunciation="sad a-ris" meaning="Where is...?"}
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::vocab-item{id="rogor-mivide" word="როგორ მივიდე...?" pronunciation="ro-gor mi-vi-de" meaning="How do I get to...?"}
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::vocab-item{id="iq-aris" word="იქ არის" pronunciation="iq a-ris" meaning="It is there"}
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::vocab-item{id="aq-aris" word="აქ არის" pronunciation="aq a-ris" meaning="It is here"}
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::vocab-item{id="gaadeket" word="გაადეთ" pronunciation="ga-a-det" meaning="Turn (direction imperative)"}
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:::
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## City Landmarks
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:::vocabulary-set{id="ka-dia-03-landmarks" title="City Landmarks"}
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::vocab-item{id="metro" word="მეტრო" pronunciation="met-ro" meaning="metro / subway"}
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::vocab-item{id="bazari-landmark" word="ბაზარი" pronunciation="ba-za-ri" meaning="market"}
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::vocab-item{id="banki" word="ბანკი" pronunciation="ban-ki" meaning="bank"}
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::vocab-item{id="hospitali" word="საავადმყოფო" pronunciation="sa-a-vad-myo-fo" meaning="hospital"}
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::vocab-item{id="datsqeba" word="სასტუმრო" pronunciation="sas-tum-ro" meaning="hotel"}
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::vocab-item{id="eklessia" word="ეკლესია" pronunciation="ek-le-si-a" meaning="church"}
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::vocab-item{id="parkhi" word="პარკი" pronunciation="par-ki" meaning="park"}
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:::
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## Sample Conversation
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**მოგზაური** (Traveler): ბოდიში, სად არის მეტრო?
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(bo-di-shi, sad a-ris met-ro?)
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*Excuse me, where is the metro?*
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**გამვლელი** (Passerby): მეტრო? ეს ახლოს არის. პირდაპირ წადით, შემდეგ მარჯვნივ.
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(met-ro? es akh-los a-ris. pir-da-pir tsa-dit, shem-deg mar-jvniv.)
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*The metro? It is nearby. Go straight, then turn right.*
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**მოგზაური**: გამარჯობა. მარჯვნივ? შემდეგ?
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(ga-mar-jo-ba. mar-jvniv? shem-deg?)
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*Okay. To the right? And then?*
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**გამვლელი**: დიახ. ხუთი წუთი სიარულით.
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(di-akh. khu-ti tsu-ti si-a-ru-lit.)
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*Yes. Five minutes on foot.*
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**მოგზაური**: დიდი მადლობა!
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(di-di mad-lo-ba!)
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*Thank you very much!*
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**გამვლელი**: სიამოვნებით. კარგი გზა!
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(si-a-mov-ne-bit. kar-gi gza!)
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*With pleasure. Have a good journey!*
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## Talking About Distance
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| Georgian | Pronunciation | Meaning |
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|----------|---------------|---------|
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| ხუთი წუთი სიარულით | khu-ti tsu-ti si-a-ru-lit | five minutes on foot |
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| ათი წუთი | a-ti tsu-ti | ten minutes |
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| ახლოს | akh-los | nearby |
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| შორს | shors | far |
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| ათასი მეტრი | a-ta-si met-ri | one kilometer (1000 meters) |
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## Cultural Note: Georgian Hospitality on the Street
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Asking a Georgian for directions often results in them personally walking you to the destination. This is not unusual — it reflects the deep hospitality culture. If someone offers to walk with you, it is gracious to accept or decline politely with **დიდი მადლობა, მაგრამ გზა ვიცი** (Thank you very much, but I know the way).
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## Practice Exercises
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:::exercise{id="ka-dia-03-where-is" type="fill-in-blank" title="Asking Where" skill="situational-response" objectiveId="obj-dia-03-ask-directions"}
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**Question:** Complete the question to ask where each place is
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1. Where is the hotel? ___ სასტუმრო?
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2. Where is the metro? ___ მეტრო?
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3. Where is the bank? ___ ბანკი?
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**Answer:**
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1. სად არის
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2. სად არის
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3. სად არის
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**Explanation:** სად არის is the standard formula for "where is..." in Georgian. It literally means "where is" and works with any noun that follows it.
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:::exercise{id="ka-dia-03-directions-matching" type="matching" title="Understand the Directions" skill="dialogue-comprehension" objectiveId="obj-dia-03-understand-directions"}
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**Question:** Match the Georgian direction word to its meaning
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- მარჯვნივ
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- მარცხნივ
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- პირდაპირ
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- შორს
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- ახლოს
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**Answer:**
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- ახლოს → nearby / close
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**Explanation:** These five words form the core of Georgian directions. Memorizing them as a set — right, left, straight, far, near — gives you the ability to follow most directional responses.
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:::exercise{id="ka-dia-03-landmarks-vocab" type="multiple-choice" title="Identify the Landmark" skill="word-production" objectiveId="obj-dia-03-landmarks"}
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**Question:** You need to find a place to exchange money. Which Georgian landmark word do you ask for?
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**Explanation:** ბანკი (bank) is where you exchange money. ეკლესია is a church, პარკი is a park, and საავადმყოფო is a hospital. Knowing which landmark to ask for is as important as knowing how to ask.
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## What's Next
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In Lesson 4, you will learn how to check into a hotel — making a booking, requesting a room, and asking about hotel services.
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{"version":3,"file":"lesson-03-D4MQ-BF0.js","sources":["../src/syllabi/dialogue/lessons/lesson-03.mdx?raw"],"sourcesContent":["export default \"---\\ntype: lesson\\nid: georgian-dialogue-lesson-03\\ntitle: \\\"გაკვეთილი 3 — გზის კითხვა (Asking for Directions)\\\"\\ndescription: \\\"Asking where places are, understanding left/right/near/far in Georgian\\\"\\norder: 3\\nparentId: georgian-dialogue\\ndifficulty: intermediate\\ncefrLevel: A2\\ncategories:\\n - dialogue\\n - navigation\\n - directions\\nmetadata:\\n estimatedTime: 35\\n prerequisites:\\n - georgian-dialogue-lesson-02\\n learningObjectives:\\n - id: obj-dia-03-ask-directions\\n description: \\\"Ask where a place is in Georgian\\\"\\n skill: situational-response\\n - id: obj-dia-03-understand-directions\\n description: \\\"Understand directional responses involving left, right, and distance\\\"\\n skill: dialogue-comprehension\\n - id: obj-dia-03-landmarks\\n description: \\\"Use landmark vocabulary to navigate Georgian cities\\\"\\n skill: word-production\\n---\\n\\n# გაკვეთილი 3 (Lesson 3) — Asking for Directions\\n\\n## Introduction\\n\\nGeorgian cities, especially Tbilisi, combine ancient neighborhoods with modern streets. Knowing how to ask for directions — and understand the answer — is an essential survival skill. Georgians are generally very willing to help and may even walk you part of the way if the destination is complex to explain.\\n\\n## Direction Vocabulary\\n\\n:::vocabulary-set{id=\\\"ka-dia-03-directions\\\" title=\\\"Directions\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"mარjvniv\\\" word=\\\"მარჯვნივ\\\" pronunciation=\\\"mar-jvniv\\\" meaning=\\\"to the right\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"marcxniv\\\" word=\\\"მარცხნივ\\\" pronunciation=\\\"mar-tskhni\\\" meaning=\\\"to the left\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"pirdapir\\\" word=\\\"პირდაპირ\\\" pronunciation=\\\"pir-da-pir\\\" meaning=\\\"straight ahead\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"ukan\\\" word=\\\"უკან\\\" pronunciation=\\\"u-kan\\\" meaning=\\\"back / behind\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"axlos\\\" word=\\\"ახლოს\\\" pronunciation=\\\"akh-los\\\" meaning=\\\"nearby / close\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"sheorsit\\\" word=\\\"შორს\\\" pronunciation=\\\"shors\\\" meaning=\\\"far\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"kurkhivi\\\" word=\\\"შემდეგ გზა\\\" pronunciation=\\\"shem-deg gza\\\" meaning=\\\"next street / next road\\\"}\\n\\n:::\\n\\n## Asking Where a Place Is\\n\\n:::vocabulary-set{id=\\\"ka-dia-03-questions\\\" title=\\\"Direction Questions\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"sad-aris\\\" word=\\\"სად არის...?\\\" pronunciation=\\\"sad a-ris\\\" meaning=\\\"Where is...?\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"rogor-mivide\\\" word=\\\"როგორ მივიდე...?\\\" pronunciation=\\\"ro-gor mi-vi-de\\\" meaning=\\\"How do I get to...?\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"iq-aris\\\" word=\\\"იქ არის\\\" pronunciation=\\\"iq a-ris\\\" meaning=\\\"It is there\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"aq-aris\\\" word=\\\"აქ არის\\\" pronunciation=\\\"aq a-ris\\\" meaning=\\\"It is here\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"gaadeket\\\" word=\\\"გაადეთ\\\" pronunciation=\\\"ga-a-det\\\" meaning=\\\"Turn (direction imperative)\\\"}\\n\\n:::\\n\\n## City Landmarks\\n\\n:::vocabulary-set{id=\\\"ka-dia-03-landmarks\\\" title=\\\"City Landmarks\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"metro\\\" word=\\\"მეტრო\\\" pronunciation=\\\"met-ro\\\" meaning=\\\"metro / subway\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"bazari-landmark\\\" word=\\\"ბაზარი\\\" pronunciation=\\\"ba-za-ri\\\" meaning=\\\"market\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"banki\\\" word=\\\"ბანკი\\\" pronunciation=\\\"ban-ki\\\" meaning=\\\"bank\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"hospitali\\\" word=\\\"საავადმყოფო\\\" pronunciation=\\\"sa-a-vad-myo-fo\\\" meaning=\\\"hospital\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"datsqeba\\\" word=\\\"სასტუმრო\\\" pronunciation=\\\"sas-tum-ro\\\" meaning=\\\"hotel\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"eklessia\\\" word=\\\"ეკლესია\\\" pronunciation=\\\"ek-le-si-a\\\" meaning=\\\"church\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"parkhi\\\" word=\\\"პარკი\\\" pronunciation=\\\"par-ki\\\" meaning=\\\"park\\\"}\\n\\n:::\\n\\n## Sample Conversation\\n\\n**მოგზაური** (Traveler): ბოდიში, სად არის მეტრო?\\n(bo-di-shi, sad a-ris met-ro?)\\n*Excuse me, where is the metro?*\\n\\n**გამვლელი** (Passerby): მეტრო? ეს ახლოს არის. პირდაპირ წადით, შემდეგ მარჯვნივ.\\n(met-ro? es akh-los a-ris. pir-da-pir tsa-dit, shem-deg mar-jvniv.)\\n*The metro? It is nearby. Go straight, then turn right.*\\n\\n**მოგზაური**: გამარჯობა. მარჯვნივ? შემდეგ?\\n(ga-mar-jo-ba. mar-jvniv? shem-deg?)\\n*Okay. To the right? And then?*\\n\\n**გამვლელი**: დიახ. ხუთი წუთი სიარულით.\\n(di-akh. khu-ti tsu-ti si-a-ru-lit.)\\n*Yes. Five minutes on foot.*\\n\\n**მოგზაური**: დიდი მადლობა!\\n(di-di mad-lo-ba!)\\n*Thank you very much!*\\n\\n**გამვლელი**: სიამოვნებით. კარგი გზა!\\n(si-a-mov-ne-bit. kar-gi gza!)\\n*With pleasure. Have a good journey!*\\n\\n## Talking About Distance\\n\\n| Georgian | Pronunciation | Meaning |\\n|----------|---------------|---------|\\n| ხუთი წუთი სიარულით | khu-ti tsu-ti si-a-ru-lit | five minutes on foot |\\n| ათი წუთი | a-ti tsu-ti | ten minutes |\\n| ახლოს | akh-los | nearby |\\n| შორს | shors | far |\\n| ათასი მეტრი | a-ta-si met-ri | one kilometer (1000 meters) |\\n\\n## Cultural Note: Georgian Hospitality on the Street\\n\\nAsking a Georgian for directions often results in them personally walking you to the destination. This is not unusual — it reflects the deep hospitality culture. If someone offers to walk with you, it is gracious to accept or decline politely with **დიდი მადლობა, მაგრამ გზა ვიცი** (Thank you very much, but I know the way).\\n\\n## Practice Exercises\\n\\n:::exercise{id=\\\"ka-dia-03-where-is\\\" type=\\\"fill-in-blank\\\" title=\\\"Asking Where\\\" skill=\\\"situational-response\\\" objectiveId=\\\"obj-dia-03-ask-directions\\\"}\\n\\n**Question:** Complete the question to ask where each place is\\n\\n1. Where is the hotel? ___ სასტუმრო?\\n2. Where is the metro? ___ მეტრო?\\n3. Where is the bank? ___ ბანკი?\\n\\n**Answer:**\\n\\n1. სად არის\\n2. სად არის\\n3. სად არის\\n\\n**Explanation:** სად არის is the standard formula for \\\"where is...\\\" in Georgian. It literally means \\\"where is\\\" and works with any noun that follows it.\\n\\n:::\\n\\n:::exercise{id=\\\"ka-dia-03-directions-matching\\\" type=\\\"matching\\\" title=\\\"Understand the Directions\\\" skill=\\\"dialogue-comprehension\\\" objectiveId=\\\"obj-dia-03-understand-directions\\\"}\\n\\n**Question:** Match the Georgian direction word to its meaning\\n\\n- მარჯვნივ\\n- მარცხნივ\\n- პირდაპირ\\n- შორს\\n- ახლოს\\n\\n**Answer:**\\n\\n- მარჯვნივ → to the right\\n- მარცხნივ → to the left\\n- პირდაპირ → straight ahead\\n- შორს → far\\n- ახლოს → nearby / close\\n\\n**Explanation:** These five words form the core of Georgian directions. Memorizing them as a set — right, left, straight, far, near — gives you the ability to follow most directional responses.\\n\\n:::\\n\\n:::exercise{id=\\\"ka-dia-03-landmarks-vocab\\\" type=\\\"multiple-choice\\\" title=\\\"Identify the Landmark\\\" skill=\\\"word-production\\\" objectiveId=\\\"obj-dia-03-landmarks\\\"}\\n\\n**Question:** You need to find a place to exchange money. Which Georgian landmark word do you ask for?\\n\\n**Options:**\\n- ეკლესია\\n- ბანკი\\n- პარკი\\n- საავადმყოფო\\n\\n**Answer:** 2\\n\\n**Explanation:** ბანკი (bank) is where you exchange money. ეკლესია is a church, პარკი is a park, and საავადმყოფო is a hospital. Knowing which landmark to ask for is as important as knowing how to ask.\\n\\n:::\\n\\n## What's Next\\n\\nIn Lesson 4, you will learn how to check into a hotel — making a booking, requesting a room, and asking about hotel services.\\n\""],"names":["lesson03"],"mappings":"AAAA,MAAAA,IAAe;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;"}
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type: lesson
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id: georgian-essentials-lesson-03
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title: "გაკვეთილი 3 — თვითგაცნობა"
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description: "Self-Introduction: Your name, origin, and how to ask about others"
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order: 3
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parentId: georgian-essentials
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- introductions
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description: "State your own name in Georgian"
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description: "Ask someone else's name politely"
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---
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# გაკვეთილი 3 (Lesson 3) — Self-Introduction
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## Introduction
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Introducing yourself is one of the first things you do when meeting someone new. In Georgian, introductions follow clear patterns. Georgian uses verb conjugation to mark who is speaking, so learning the right person forms is important from the start.
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## My Name Is
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::vocab-item{id="me-mqvia" word="მე მქვია..." pronunciation="me mkvya..." meaning="My name is... (literally: I am called...)"}
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::vocab-item{id="chemi-sakhelia" word="ჩემი სახელია..." pronunciation="che-mi sa-khe-lia..." meaning="My name is... (literally: my name is...)"}
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::vocab-item{id="me-var" word="მე ვარ..." pronunciation="me var..." meaning="I am..."}
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The most natural way to give your name in Georgian is **მე მქვია...** followed by your name. For example: მე მქვია ჯონი (My name is John).
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## Asking Someone's Name
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::vocab-item{id="rogori-gkvia" word="როგორ გქვია?" pronunciation="ro-gor gkvya?" meaning="What is your name? (informal, singular)"}
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::vocab-item{id="rogori-gkviath" word="როგორ გქვიათ?" pronunciation="ro-gor gkvyat?" meaning="What is your name? (formal/plural)"}
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::vocab-item{id="tkven-sakhelia" word="თქვენი სახელი?" pronunciation="tkve-ni sa-khe-li?" meaning="Your name? (short, formal)"}
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Use **როგორ გქვიათ?** when speaking to an elder, a stranger, or someone in a professional context. **როგორ გქვია?** is for friends and peers.
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## Where Are You From?
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:::vocabulary-set{id="ka-intro-origin" title="Origin and Nationality"}
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::vocab-item{id="sad-xar-carmosdgenili" word="საიდან ხართ?" pronunciation="sa-i-dan khart?" meaning="Where are you from? (formal)"}
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::vocab-item{id="sad-xar" word="საიდან ხარ?" pronunciation="sa-i-dan khar?" meaning="Where are you from? (informal)"}
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::vocab-item{id="me-var-carmos" word="მე ვარ..." pronunciation="me var..." meaning="I am from... (with country name)"}
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::vocab-item{id="ingliselsi-var" word="...დან ვარ" pronunciation="...dan var" meaning="I am from... (add country + -დან suffix)"}
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## Countries and Nationalities
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| Country | Georgian | "From..." |
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| England | ინგლისი (inglisi) | ინგლისიდან ვარ |
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| America | ამერიკა (amerika) | ამერიკიდან ვარ |
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| France | საფრანგეთი (sapirangethi) | საფრანგეთიდან ვარ |
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| Germany | გერმანია (germania) | გერმანიიდან ვარ |
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| Georgia | საქართველო (sakartvelo) | საქართველოდან ვარ |
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## Nice to Meet You
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:::vocabulary-set{id="ka-intro-nice-to-meet" title="Nice to Meet You"}
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::vocab-item{id="sasiamovnoa" word="სასიამოვნოა გაცნობა" pronunciation="sa-si-a-mov-no-a gats-no-ba" meaning="Nice to meet you"}
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::vocab-item{id="mec-sasiamovnoa" word="მეც სასიამოვნოა" pronunciation="mets sa-si-a-mov-no-a" meaning="Nice to meet you too"}
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::vocab-item{id="gaxarebuli-var" word="გახარებული ვარ" pronunciation="ga-kha-re-bu-li var" meaning="I am pleased (to meet you)"}
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## A Complete Introduction
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Here is a full introduction exchange:
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**A**: გამარჯობა! მე მქვია ანა. (Hello! My name is Ana.)
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**B**: გამარჯობა! მე მქვია ჯორჯი. (Hello! My name is Giorgi.)
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**A**: საიდან ხარ? (Where are you from?)
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**B**: ამერიკიდან ვარ. შენ? (I am from America. And you?)
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**A**: საქართველოდან ვარ. სასიამოვნოა გაცნობა! (I am from Georgia. Nice to meet you!)
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**B**: მეც სასიამოვნოა! (Nice to meet you too!)
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## Key Points
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1. **მე მქვია + name**: The most natural way to give your name
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2. **გქვია vs გქვიათ**: Informal vs formal "your name is"
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3. **Country + -დან ვარ**: "I am from [country]"
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4. **სასიამოვნოა გაცნობა**: The standard phrase for "nice to meet you"
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## Practice Exercises
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:::exercise{id="ka-ess-03-state-name" type="fill-in-blank" title="Stating Your Name" skill="word-production" objectiveId="obj-intro-state-name"}
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**Question:** How do you say "My name is Maria" in Georgian?
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მე მქვია მარია.
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**Explanation:** Use მე მქვია (literally "I am called") followed by your name. This is more natural than ჩემი სახელია in everyday speech. Your name goes directly after მქვია without any additional particle.
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:::exercise{id="ka-ess-03-ask-name" type="multiple-choice" title="Asking Someone's Name" skill="polite-register" objectiveId="obj-intro-ask-name"}
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**Question:** You meet your friend's grandmother for the first time. How do you ask her name?
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**Options:**
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**Explanation:** Use როგორ გქვიათ? (formal/plural form with -თ) when addressing elders or strangers respectfully. როგორ გქვია? (without -თ) is only appropriate for friends and peers of similar age.
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:::exercise{id="ka-ess-03-origin" type="fill-in-blank" title="Saying Where You Are From" skill="word-production" objectiveId="obj-intro-state-origin"}
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**Question:** How do you say "I am from Germany" in Georgian?
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**Answer:**
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გერმანიიდან ვარ.
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Or the full form: მე გერმანიიდან ვარ.
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**Explanation:** Add the suffix -დან to the country name, then add ვარ (I am). Some countries need small vowel adjustments at the junction — გერმანია becomes გერმანიიდან (dropping the final -ა and adding -იდან).
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:::exercise{id="ka-ess-03-nice-to-meet" type="matching" title="Introduction Phrases" skill="situational-response" objectiveId="obj-intro-nice-to-meet"}
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**Question:** Match each phrase to its meaning
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- სასიამოვნოა გაცნობა
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- გახარებული ვარ
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**Answer:**
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- სასიამოვნოა გაცნობა = Nice to meet you (first said)
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**Explanation:** სასიამოვნოა comes from სიამოვნება (pleasure). Adding მეც (me too) turns it into a response. გახარებული ვარ is a warmer, more expressive alternative.
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## What's Next
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In Lesson 4, you will learn the basic Georgian question words — what, where, who, when, and how — and the sentence patterns that go with them.
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//# sourceMappingURL=lesson-03-DIsrN1SX.js.map
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{"version":3,"file":"lesson-03-DIsrN1SX.js","sources":["../src/syllabi/essentials/lessons/lesson-03.mdx?raw"],"sourcesContent":["export default \"---\\ntype: lesson\\nid: georgian-essentials-lesson-03\\ntitle: \\\"გაკვეთილი 3 — თვითგაცნობა\\\"\\ndescription: \\\"Self-Introduction: Your name, origin, and how to ask about others\\\"\\norder: 3\\nparentId: georgian-essentials\\ndifficulty: beginner\\ncefrLevel: A1\\ncategories:\\n - introductions\\n - personal-info\\n - basics\\nmetadata:\\n estimatedTime: 30\\n prerequisites:\\n - georgian-essentials-lesson-02\\n learningObjectives:\\n - id: obj-intro-state-name\\n description: \\\"State your own name in Georgian\\\"\\n skill: word-production\\n - id: obj-intro-ask-name\\n description: \\\"Ask someone else's name politely\\\"\\n skill: polite-register\\n - id: obj-intro-state-origin\\n description: \\\"Say where you are from\\\"\\n skill: word-production\\n - id: obj-intro-nice-to-meet\\n description: \\\"Use the phrase for nice to meet you\\\"\\n skill: situational-response\\n---\\n\\n# გაკვეთილი 3 (Lesson 3) — Self-Introduction\\n\\n## Introduction\\n\\nIntroducing yourself is one of the first things you do when meeting someone new. In Georgian, introductions follow clear patterns. Georgian uses verb conjugation to mark who is speaking, so learning the right person forms is important from the start.\\n\\n## My Name Is\\n\\n:::vocabulary-set{id=\\\"ka-intro-name\\\" title=\\\"Stating Your Name\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"me-mqvia\\\" word=\\\"მე მქვია...\\\" pronunciation=\\\"me mkvya...\\\" meaning=\\\"My name is... (literally: I am called...)\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"chemi-sakhelia\\\" word=\\\"ჩემი სახელია...\\\" pronunciation=\\\"che-mi sa-khe-lia...\\\" meaning=\\\"My name is... (literally: my name is...)\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"me-var\\\" word=\\\"მე ვარ...\\\" pronunciation=\\\"me var...\\\" meaning=\\\"I am...\\\"}\\n\\n:::\\n\\nThe most natural way to give your name in Georgian is **მე მქვია...** followed by your name. For example: მე მქვია ჯონი (My name is John).\\n\\n## Asking Someone's Name\\n\\n:::vocabulary-set{id=\\\"ka-intro-ask-name\\\" title=\\\"Asking for Names\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"rogori-gkvia\\\" word=\\\"როგორ გქვია?\\\" pronunciation=\\\"ro-gor gkvya?\\\" meaning=\\\"What is your name? (informal, singular)\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"rogori-gkviath\\\" word=\\\"როგორ გქვიათ?\\\" pronunciation=\\\"ro-gor gkvyat?\\\" meaning=\\\"What is your name? (formal/plural)\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"tkven-sakhelia\\\" word=\\\"თქვენი სახელი?\\\" pronunciation=\\\"tkve-ni sa-khe-li?\\\" meaning=\\\"Your name? (short, formal)\\\"}\\n\\n:::\\n\\nUse **როგორ გქვიათ?** when speaking to an elder, a stranger, or someone in a professional context. **როგორ გქვია?** is for friends and peers.\\n\\n## Where Are You From?\\n\\n:::vocabulary-set{id=\\\"ka-intro-origin\\\" title=\\\"Origin and Nationality\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"sad-xar-carmosdgenili\\\" word=\\\"საიდან ხართ?\\\" pronunciation=\\\"sa-i-dan khart?\\\" meaning=\\\"Where are you from? (formal)\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"sad-xar\\\" word=\\\"საიდან ხარ?\\\" pronunciation=\\\"sa-i-dan khar?\\\" meaning=\\\"Where are you from? (informal)\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"me-var-carmos\\\" word=\\\"მე ვარ...\\\" pronunciation=\\\"me var...\\\" meaning=\\\"I am from... (with country name)\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"ingliselsi-var\\\" word=\\\"...დან ვარ\\\" pronunciation=\\\"...dan var\\\" meaning=\\\"I am from... (add country + -დან suffix)\\\"}\\n\\n:::\\n\\n## Countries and Nationalities\\n\\nTo say where you are from, add the suffix **-დან** to the country name:\\n\\n| Country | Georgian | \\\"From...\\\" |\\n|---------|----------|-----------|\\n| England | ინგლისი (inglisi) | ინგლისიდან ვარ |\\n| America | ამერიკა (amerika) | ამერიკიდან ვარ |\\n| France | საფრანგეთი (sapirangethi) | საფრანგეთიდან ვარ |\\n| Germany | გერმანია (germania) | გერმანიიდან ვარ |\\n| Georgia | საქართველო (sakartvelo) | საქართველოდან ვარ |\\n\\n## Nice to Meet You\\n\\n:::vocabulary-set{id=\\\"ka-intro-nice-to-meet\\\" title=\\\"Nice to Meet You\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"sasiamovnoa\\\" word=\\\"სასიამოვნოა გაცნობა\\\" pronunciation=\\\"sa-si-a-mov-no-a gats-no-ba\\\" meaning=\\\"Nice to meet you\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"mec-sasiamovnoa\\\" word=\\\"მეც სასიამოვნოა\\\" pronunciation=\\\"mets sa-si-a-mov-no-a\\\" meaning=\\\"Nice to meet you too\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"gaxarebuli-var\\\" word=\\\"გახარებული ვარ\\\" pronunciation=\\\"ga-kha-re-bu-li var\\\" meaning=\\\"I am pleased (to meet you)\\\"}\\n\\n:::\\n\\n## A Complete Introduction\\n\\nHere is a full introduction exchange:\\n\\n**A**: გამარჯობა! მე მქვია ანა. (Hello! My name is Ana.)\\n**B**: გამარჯობა! მე მქვია ჯორჯი. (Hello! My name is Giorgi.)\\n**A**: საიდან ხარ? (Where are you from?)\\n**B**: ამერიკიდან ვარ. შენ? (I am from America. And you?)\\n**A**: საქართველოდან ვარ. სასიამოვნოა გაცნობა! (I am from Georgia. Nice to meet you!)\\n**B**: მეც სასიამოვნოა! (Nice to meet you too!)\\n\\n## Key Points\\n\\n1. **მე მქვია + name**: The most natural way to give your name\\n2. **გქვია vs გქვიათ**: Informal vs formal \\\"your name is\\\"\\n3. **Country + -დან ვარ**: \\\"I am from [country]\\\"\\n4. **სასიამოვნოა გაცნობა**: The standard phrase for \\\"nice to meet you\\\"\\n\\n## Practice Exercises\\n\\n:::exercise{id=\\\"ka-ess-03-state-name\\\" type=\\\"fill-in-blank\\\" title=\\\"Stating Your Name\\\" skill=\\\"word-production\\\" objectiveId=\\\"obj-intro-state-name\\\"}\\n\\n**Question:** How do you say \\\"My name is Maria\\\" in Georgian?\\n\\n**Answer:**\\n\\nმე მქვია მარია.\\n\\n**Explanation:** Use მე მქვია (literally \\\"I am called\\\") followed by your name. This is more natural than ჩემი სახელია in everyday speech. Your name goes directly after მქვია without any additional particle.\\n\\n:::\\n\\n:::exercise{id=\\\"ka-ess-03-ask-name\\\" type=\\\"multiple-choice\\\" title=\\\"Asking Someone's Name\\\" skill=\\\"polite-register\\\" objectiveId=\\\"obj-intro-ask-name\\\"}\\n\\n**Question:** You meet your friend's grandmother for the first time. How do you ask her name?\\n\\n**Options:**\\n- როგორ გქვია?\\n- როგორ გქვიათ?\\n- მე მქვია?\\n- საიდან ხარ?\\n\\n**Answer:** 2\\n\\n**Explanation:** Use როგორ გქვიათ? (formal/plural form with -თ) when addressing elders or strangers respectfully. როგორ გქვია? (without -თ) is only appropriate for friends and peers of similar age.\\n\\n:::\\n\\n:::exercise{id=\\\"ka-ess-03-origin\\\" type=\\\"fill-in-blank\\\" title=\\\"Saying Where You Are From\\\" skill=\\\"word-production\\\" objectiveId=\\\"obj-intro-state-origin\\\"}\\n\\n**Question:** How do you say \\\"I am from Germany\\\" in Georgian?\\n\\n**Answer:**\\n\\nგერმანიიდან ვარ.\\n\\nOr the full form: მე გერმანიიდან ვარ.\\n\\n**Explanation:** Add the suffix -დან to the country name, then add ვარ (I am). Some countries need small vowel adjustments at the junction — გერმანია becomes გერმანიიდან (dropping the final -ა and adding -იდან).\\n\\n:::\\n\\n:::exercise{id=\\\"ka-ess-03-nice-to-meet\\\" type=\\\"matching\\\" title=\\\"Introduction Phrases\\\" skill=\\\"situational-response\\\" objectiveId=\\\"obj-intro-nice-to-meet\\\"}\\n\\n**Question:** Match each phrase to its meaning\\n\\n- სასიამოვნოა გაცნობა\\n- მეც სასიამოვნოა\\n- გახარებული ვარ\\n\\n**Answer:**\\n\\n- სასიამოვნოა გაცნობა = Nice to meet you (first said)\\n- მეც სასიამოვნოა = Nice to meet you too (reply)\\n- გახარებული ვარ = I am pleased / delighted (to meet you)\\n\\n**Explanation:** სასიამოვნოა comes from სიამოვნება (pleasure). Adding მეც (me too) turns it into a response. გახარებული ვარ is a warmer, more expressive alternative.\\n\\n:::\\n\\n## What's Next\\n\\nIn Lesson 4, you will learn the basic Georgian question words — what, where, who, when, and how — and the sentence patterns that go with them.\\n\""],"names":["lesson03"],"mappings":"AAAA,MAAAA,IAAe;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;"}
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