@stevenvo780/st-lang 4.8.0 → 4.10.0

package/dist/reasoning/number-theory/primality.js

@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+"use strict";
+// ============================================================
+// Tests de primalidad.
+// ============================================================
+// isPrime       — wrapper que decide entre trial-division y Miller-Rabin
+//                 según el tamaño de n.
+// millerRabin   — test probabilístico, determinístico para los testigos
+//                 estándar hasta 3.3·10^14 (con la lista de testigos
+//                 [2,3,5,7,11,13,17,19,23,29,31,37]).
+// nextPrime / previousPrime — siguiente/previo primo respecto a n.
+// primesBelow   — criba de Eratóstenes hasta n (n: number, exclusivo).
+Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", { value: true });
+exports.millerRabin = millerRabin;
+exports.isPrime = isPrime;
+exports.nextPrime = nextPrime;
+exports.previousPrime = previousPrime;
+exports.primesBelow = primesBelow;
+const modular_1 = require("./modular");
+const SMALL_PRIMES = [
+    2n,
+    3n,
+    5n,
+    7n,
+    11n,
+    13n,
+    17n,
+    19n,
+    23n,
+    29n,
+    31n,
+    37n,
+    41n,
+    43n,
+    47n,
+    53n,
+    59n,
+    61n,
+    67n,
+    71n,
+    73n,
+    79n,
+    83n,
+    89n,
+    97n,
+];
+// Testigos suficientes (determinísticos) para n < 3,317,044,064,679,887,385,961,981.
+const DEFAULT_WITNESSES = [2n, 3n, 5n, 7n, 11n, 13n, 17n, 19n, 23n, 29n, 31n, 37n];
+function millerRabin(n, witnesses = DEFAULT_WITNESSES) {
+    if (n < 2n)
+        return false;
+    if (n < 4n)
+        return true;
+    if ((n & 1n) === 0n)
+        return false;
+    // Escribir n-1 = 2^s · d con d impar.
+    let d = n - 1n;
+    let s = 0n;
+    while ((d & 1n) === 0n) {
+        d >>= 1n;
+        s += 1n;
+    }
+    witness: for (const a0 of witnesses) {
+        const a = a0 % n;
+        if (a === 0n)
+            continue;
+        let x = (0, modular_1.modPow)(a, d, n);
+        if (x === 1n || x === n - 1n)
+            continue;
+        for (let r = 1n; r < s; r++) {
+            x = (x * x) % n;
+            if (x === n - 1n)
+                continue witness;
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+function isPrime(n) {
+    if (n < 2n)
+        return false;
+    for (const p of SMALL_PRIMES) {
+        if (n === p)
+            return true;
+        if (n % p === 0n)
+            return false;
+    }
+    return millerRabin(n);
+}
+function nextPrime(n) {
+    if (n < 2n)
+        return 2n;
+    let c = n + 1n;
+    if (c === 2n)
+        return 2n;
+    if ((c & 1n) === 0n)
+        c += 1n;
+    while (!isPrime(c))
+        c += 2n;
+    return c;
+}
+function previousPrime(n) {
+    if (n <= 2n) {
+        throw new RangeError('previousPrime: no hay primo menor que 2');
+    }
+    if (n === 3n)
+        return 2n;
+    let c = n - 1n;
+    if (c === 2n)
+        return 2n;
+    if ((c & 1n) === 0n)
+        c -= 1n;
+    while (c >= 2n && !isPrime(c))
+        c -= 2n;
+    if (c < 2n) {
+        throw new RangeError(`previousPrime: no hay primo menor que ${n}`);
+    }
+    return c;
+}
+// Criba de Eratóstenes. n: number (acotamos a Number por la criba).
+function primesBelow(n) {
+    if (!Number.isFinite(n) || n < 2)
+        return [];
+    const limit = Math.floor(n);
+    const sieve = new Uint8Array(limit);
+    // sieve[i] === 0  →  i es primo candidato.
+    // Marcamos 0 y 1 como compuestos.
+    sieve[0] = 1;
+    if (limit > 1)
+        sieve[1] = 1;
+    const sqrt = Math.floor(Math.sqrt(limit - 1));
+    for (let i = 2; i <= sqrt; i++) {
+        if (sieve[i] === 0) {
+            for (let j = i * i; j < limit; j += i)
+                sieve[j] = 1;
+        }
+    }
+    const out = [];
+    for (let i = 2; i < limit; i++) {
+        if (sieve[i] === 0)
+            out.push(BigInt(i));
+    }
+    return out;
+}
+//# sourceMappingURL=primality.js.map

package/dist/reasoning/number-theory/primality.js.map

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
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package/dist/reasoning/number-theory/symbols.d.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+export declare function legendreSymbol(a: bigint, p: bigint): -1 | 0 | 1;
+export declare function jacobiSymbol(a: bigint, n: bigint): -1 | 0 | 1;
+//# sourceMappingURL=symbols.d.ts.map

package/dist/reasoning/number-theory/symbols.d.ts.map

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
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package/dist/reasoning/number-theory/symbols.js

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+"use strict";
+// ============================================================
+// Símbolos de Legendre y Jacobi.
+// ============================================================
+// legendreSymbol(a, p): a^((p-1)/2) mod p, normalizado a {-1, 0, 1}.
+//                      Requiere p primo impar.
+// jacobiSymbol(a, n):  generalización a n impar > 0 vía reciprocidad
+//                      cuadrática. Coincide con Legendre cuando n es
+//                      primo y siempre satisface jacobi(a,n) ∈ {-1,0,1}.
+Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", { value: true });
+exports.legendreSymbol = legendreSymbol;
+exports.jacobiSymbol = jacobiSymbol;
+const modular_1 = require("./modular");
+function legendreSymbol(a, p) {
+    if (p < 3n || (p & 1n) === 0n) {
+        throw new RangeError(`legendreSymbol: p debe ser primo impar, recibido ${p}`);
+    }
+    const aR = (0, modular_1.mod)(a, p);
+    if (aR === 0n)
+        return 0;
+    const r = (0, modular_1.modPow)(aR, (p - 1n) / 2n, p);
+    if (r === 1n)
+        return 1;
+    if (r === p - 1n)
+        return -1;
+    // Si p no es primo, modPow no garantiza ±1; lo reportamos como 0
+    // (el contrato exige p primo, pero somos defensivos).
+    return 0;
+}
+function jacobiSymbol(a, n) {
+    if (n <= 0n || (n & 1n) === 0n) {
+        throw new RangeError(`jacobiSymbol: n debe ser positivo impar, recibido ${n}`);
+    }
+    let aR = (0, modular_1.mod)(a, n);
+    let nR = n;
+    let result = 1;
+    while (aR !== 0n) {
+        while ((aR & 1n) === 0n) {
+            aR >>= 1n;
+            const r = nR & 7n; // nR mod 8
+            if (r === 3n || r === 5n)
+                result = -result;
+        }
+        // Swap (a,n).
+        const tmp = aR;
+        aR = nR;
+        nR = tmp;
+        if ((aR & 3n) === 3n && (nR & 3n) === 3n) {
+            result = -result;
+        }
+        aR = aR % nR;
+    }
+    if (nR === 1n)
+        return result;
+    return 0;
+}
+//# sourceMappingURL=symbols.js.map

package/dist/reasoning/number-theory/symbols.js.map

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
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package/dist/reasoning/real-analysis/index.d.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+export type RealFn = (x: number) => number;
+export interface LimitClaim {
+    fn: RealFn;
+    point: number;
+    value: number;
+}
+export interface LimitVerification {
+    holds: boolean;
+    counterexample?: number;
+    suggestedDelta?: number;
+}
+/**
+ * Verifica numéricamente la afirmación
+ *   ∀ε>0 ∃δ>0 ∀x (0 < |x-point| < δ → |fn(x)-value| < ε)
+ * para el ε dado. Devuelve δ sugerido (o counterexample si falla
+ * incluso con δ extremadamente pequeño).
+ *
+ * Estrategia: bisecta δ desde 1 hacia abajo, muestreando puntos en
+ * (point-δ, point) ∪ (point, point+δ); si todos cumplen |f(x)-L|<ε,
+ * δ es válido. Si no encontramos δ válido tras `maxIter` iteraciones,
+ * el último x que falló se reporta como counterexample.
+ */
+export declare function verifyLimit(claim: LimitClaim, epsilon: number, deltaFinder?: (eps: number) => number): LimitVerification;
+/**
+ * Encuentra (o detecta divergencia/indeterminación de) lim_{x→point} fn(x)
+ * por muestreo bilateral con refinamiento sucesivo.
+ *
+ * Devuelve:
+ *   • número L si las dos colas convergen al mismo valor con tolerancia
+ *   • 'diverges' si crece sin cota
+ *   • 'unknown' si las colas no coinciden (límite no existe / discontinuidad de salto)
+ */
+export declare function findLimit(fn: RealFn, point: number, opts?: {
+    tolerance?: number;
+    samples?: number;
+}): number | 'diverges' | 'unknown';
+/**
+ * fn es continua en `point` si lim_{x→point} fn(x) = fn(point) con tol `eps`.
+ */
+export declare function isContinuousAt(fn: RealFn, point: number, eps?: number): boolean;
+/**
+ * Verificación numérica de continuidad uniforme en [a,b]:
+ *   ∀ε ∃δ ∀x,y∈[a,b] (|x-y|<δ → |f(x)-f(y)|<ε)
+ * Estrategia: para cada δ candidato muestreamos pares (x_i, x_i+δ)
+ * cubriendo el intervalo y verificamos que |f(x)-f(x+δ)| < eps en todos.
+ */
+export declare function isUniformlyContinuous(fn: RealFn, domain: [number, number], eps?: number): boolean;
+/**
+ * Detecta puntos de discontinuidad por muestreo + chequeo local.
+ */
+export declare function findDiscontinuities(fn: RealFn, domain: [number, number], samples?: number): number[];
+export interface Derivative {
+    value: number;
+    method: 'forward' | 'backward' | 'central' | 'richardson';
+}
+export declare function derivative(fn: RealFn, x: number, opts?: {
+    h?: number;
+    method?: Derivative['method'];
+}): Derivative;
+/**
+ * n-ésima derivada por diferencias finitas centrales iteradas (fórmula
+ * con coeficientes binomiales con signo alternado).
+ *
+ *   f^(n)(x) ≈ (1/h^n) · Σ_{k=0..n} (-1)^k C(n,k) f(x + (n/2 - k)·h)
+ */
+export declare function nthDerivative(fn: RealFn, x: number, n: number, h?: number): number;
+/**
+ * Diferenciable en `point` si las derivadas laterales coinciden con tolerancia.
+ */
+export declare function isDifferentiableAt(fn: RealFn, point: number, eps?: number): boolean;
+/**
+ * Encuentra puntos críticos (f'(x) ≈ 0) por bisección en cambios de signo
+ * de la derivada numérica.
+ */
+export declare function findCriticalPoints(fn: RealFn, domain: [number, number], samples?: number): number[];
+export interface Integral {
+    value: number;
+    method: 'simpson' | 'trapezoidal' | 'romberg' | 'gaussian';
+}
+export declare function integrate(fn: RealFn, from: number, to: number, opts?: {
+    method?: Integral['method'];
+    subdivisions?: number;
+}): Integral;
+export interface SeriesConvergence {
+    converges: boolean;
+    sumApprox?: number;
+    reason?: string;
+}
+/**
+ * Test de la razón sobre coeficientes de una serie Σ a_n (no Σ a_n x^n):
+ *   L = lim |a_{n+1}/a_n|
+ *   L < 1 ⇒ converge ; L > 1 ⇒ diverge ; L = 1 ⇒ indeciso.
+ */
+export declare function ratioTest(coefficients: number[]): SeriesConvergence;
+/**
+ * Test de la raíz: L = lim sup |a_n|^{1/n}.
+ */
+export declare function rootTest(coefficients: number[]): SeriesConvergence;
+export declare function partialSum(fn: (n: number) => number, terms: number): number;
+export declare function sequenceLimit(seq: (n: number) => number, opts?: {
+    maxTerms?: number;
+    tolerance?: number;
+}): {
+    converges: boolean;
+    limit?: number;
+    rate?: 'linear' | 'quadratic' | 'unknown';
+};
+/**
+ * Busca c ∈ (a,b) tal que f'(c) = (f(b)-f(a))/(b-a).
+ * Si fn es continua en [a,b] y derivable en (a,b), por MVT existe.
+ * Aquí asumimos eso y buscamos c por bisección sobre f'(x) - slope.
+ */
+export declare function meanValueTheorem(fn: RealFn, derivativeFn: RealFn, a: number, b: number, tolerance?: number): {
+    holds: boolean;
+    c?: number;
+};
+/**
+ * Polinomio de Taylor de orden N de `fn` centrado en `center`, devuelto
+ * como función. Las derivadas se calculan numéricamente con `nthDerivative`.
+ */
+export declare function taylorPolynomial(fn: RealFn, center: number, order: number): (x: number) => number;
+/**
+ * Cota grosera del resto de Lagrange: |R_n(x)| ≤ M·|x-c|^(n+1)/(n+1)!
+ * con M estimado como sup |f^(n+1)| sobre un muestreo entre c y x.
+ */
+export declare function taylorRemainderBound(fn: RealFn, center: number, x: number, order: number): number;
+//# sourceMappingURL=index.d.ts.map

package/dist/reasoning/real-analysis/index.d.ts.map

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