@rangojs/router 0.0.0-experimental.eb0645d3 → 0.0.0-experimental.f1468e3c

package/src/router/segment-resolution/fresh.ts

@@ -19,66 +19,25 @@ import type {
 } from "../../types";
 import type { SegmentResolutionDeps } from "../types.js";
 import { resolveLoaderData } from "./loader-cache.js";
-import { _getRequestContext } from "../../server/request-context.js";
-import { appendMetric } from "../metrics.js";
 import {
   handleHandlerResult,
   tryStaticHandler,
   tryStaticSlot,
   resolveLayoutComponent,
   resolveWithErrorBoundary,
+  warnOnStreamedResponse,
+  buildLoaderErrorContext,
 } from "./helpers.js";
+import { applyViewTransitionDefault } from "./view-transition-default.js";
 import { getRouterContext } from "../router-context.js";
-import { resolveSink, safeEmit } from "../telemetry.js";
+import { observeStreamedHandler } from "./streamed-handler-telemetry.js";
+import { observeHandler } from "../instrument.js";
 import {
   track,
-  RSCRouterContext,
+  RangoContext,
   runInsideLoaderScope,
 } from "../../server/context.js";
 
-// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-// Streamed handler telemetry
-// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-/**
- * Attach a fire-and-forget rejection observer to a streamed handler promise.
- * React catches the actual error via its error boundary; this only emits
- * the handler.error telemetry event.
- */
-function observeStreamedHandler(
-  promise: Promise<ReactNode>,
-  segmentId: string,
-  segmentType: string,
-  pathname?: string,
-  routeKey?: string,
-  params?: Record<string, string>,
-): void {
-  let routerCtx;
-  try {
-    routerCtx = getRouterContext();
-  } catch {
-    return;
-  }
-  if (!routerCtx?.telemetry) return;
-  const sink = resolveSink(routerCtx.telemetry);
-  const reqId = routerCtx.requestId;
-  promise.catch((err: unknown) => {
-    const errorObj = err instanceof Error ? err : new Error(String(err));
-    safeEmit(sink, {
-      type: "handler.error",
-      timestamp: performance.now(),
-      requestId: reqId,
-      segmentId,
-      segmentType,
-      error: errorObj,
-      handledByBoundary: true,
-      pathname,
-      routeKey,
-      params,
-    });
-  });
-}
-
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // Fresh path (full match, no revalidation)
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -100,7 +59,13 @@ export async function resolveLoaders<TEnv>(
   const shortCode = shortCodeOverride ?? entry.shortCode;
   const hasLoading = "loading" in entry && entry.loading !== undefined;
   const loadingDisabled = hasLoading && entry.loading === false;
-  const ms = _getRequestContext()?._metricsStore;
+
+  // Error context for wrapLoaderPromise: without it, a throwing DSL loader never
+  // fires createRouter({ onError }) (phase "loader") nor emits the loader.error
+  // telemetry event — wrapLoaderPromise only builds the onError/telemetry path
+  // when errorContext is supplied. Built from ctx so the live render path reports
+  // loader failures the same way handlers/actions/routing/fetchable-loaders do.
+  const errorContext = buildLoaderErrorContext(ctx);
 
   if (!loadingDisabled) {
     // Streaming loaders: promises kick off now, settle during RSC serialization.
@@ -122,6 +87,7 @@ export async function resolveLoaders<TEnv>(
           entry,
           segmentId,
           ctx.pathname,
+          errorContext,
         ),
         belongsToRoute,
       };
@@ -132,46 +98,46 @@ export async function resolveLoaders<TEnv>(
 
   // Loading disabled: still start all loaders in parallel, but only emit
   // settled promises so handlers don't stream loading placeholders.
-  const pendingLoaderData = loaderEntries.map((loaderEntry) => {
-    const start = performance.now();
-    const promise = runInsideLoaderScope(() =>
-      resolveLoaderData(loaderEntry, ctx, ctx.pathname),
+  //
+  // Wrap each loader promise with wrapLoaderPromise BEFORE awaiting. The wrapped
+  // promise resolves to a LoaderDataResult and never rejects, routing a failed
+  // loader to its own per-loader error boundary. Awaiting the RAW promises here
+  // instead would (1) propagate a rejection to the segment-level boundary,
+  // collapsing the whole entry and discarding successful sibling data, and
+  // (2) leave the other in-flight raw promises without a .catch, producing
+  // unhandled rejections. Mirrors the loading path and intercept-resolution.
+  const pendingLoaderData = loaderEntries.map((loaderEntry, i) => {
+    const { loader } = loaderEntry;
+    const segmentId = `${shortCode}D${i}.${loader.$$id}`;
+    const wrapped = deps.wrapLoaderPromise(
+      runInsideLoaderScope(() =>
+        resolveLoaderData(loaderEntry, ctx, ctx.pathname),
+      ),
+      entry,
+      segmentId,
+      ctx.pathname,
+      errorContext,
     );
-    return { promise, start, loaderId: loaderEntry.loader.$$id };
+    return { wrapped, segmentId };
   });
-  await Promise.all(pendingLoaderData.map((p) => p.promise));
+  await Promise.all(pendingLoaderData.map((p) => p.wrapped));
 
   return loaderEntries.map((loaderEntry, i) => {
     const { loader } = loaderEntry;
-    const segmentId = `${shortCode}D${i}.${loader.$$id}`;
     const pending = pendingLoaderData[i]!;
-    if (ms && !ms.metrics.some((m) => m.label === `loader:${loader.$$id}`)) {
-      // All loaders ran in parallel via Promise.all — each span covers
-      // from its own kickoff to the batch settlement, giving a ceiling
-      // on that loader's contribution to the overall wait.
-      const batchEnd = performance.now();
-      appendMetric(
-        ms,
-        `loader:${loader.$$id}`,
-        pending.start,
-        batchEnd - pending.start,
-        2,
-      );
-    }
+    // The "loader:<id>" perf metric is recorded by observePhase at the single
+    // loader-metering site (useLoader, reached via ctx.use during
+    // resolveLoaderData), with the real per-loader duration rather than a
+    // Promise.all batch ceiling.
     return {
-      id: segmentId,
+      id: pending.segmentId,
       namespace: entry.id,
       type: "loader" as const,
       index: i,
       component: null,
       params: ctx.params,
       loaderId: loader.$$id,
-      loaderData: deps.wrapLoaderPromise(
-        pending.promise,
-        entry,
-        segmentId,
-        ctx.pathname,
-      ),
+      loaderData: pending.wrapped,
       belongsToRoute,
     };
   });
@@ -183,6 +149,15 @@ export async function resolveLoaders<TEnv>(
 export interface ResolveSegmentOptions {
   /** When true, skip resolveLoaders() calls (used for pre-rendering) */
   skipLoaders?: boolean;
+  /**
+   * When true, a thrown render error is re-thrown instead of being converted
+   * into an error-boundary segment. Set only by the pre-render path so a
+   * build-time render failure (and a `throw new Skip()` inside a render fn)
+   * surfaces to the build instead of being silently baked into a frozen error
+   * page served as a 200 (issue #587). The live request path leaves this unset,
+   * so error boundaries keep catching at request time.
+   */
+  throwOnError?: boolean;
 }
 
 /**
@@ -224,7 +199,11 @@ export async function resolveSegment<TEnv>(
       index: 0,
       component,
       loading: entry.loading === false ? null : entry.loading,
-      transition: entry.transition,
+      transition: applyViewTransitionDefault(
+        entry.transition,
+        deps.viewTransitionDefault,
+        entry.shortCode,
+      ),
       params,
       belongsToRoute: false,
       layoutName: entry.id,
@@ -291,8 +270,11 @@ export async function resolveSegment<TEnv>(
         !context.build && entry.liveHandler ? entry.liveHandler : entry.handler;
       const doneRouteHandler = track(`handler:${entry.id}`, 2);
       if (entry.loading) {
-        const result = handleHandlerResult(handler(context));
+        const result = handleHandlerResult(
+          observeHandler(entry.id, handler, context),
+        );
         if (result instanceof Promise) {
+          warnOnStreamedResponse(result, entry.id);
           result.finally(doneRouteHandler).catch(() => {});
           const tracked = deps.trackHandler(result, {
             segmentId: entry.shortCode,
@@ -312,7 +294,9 @@ export async function resolveSegment<TEnv>(
           component = result;
         }
       } else {
-        component = handleHandlerResult(await handler(context));
+        component = handleHandlerResult(
+          await observeHandler(entry.id, handler, context),
+        );
         doneRouteHandler();
       }
     }
@@ -359,7 +343,11 @@ export async function resolveSegment<TEnv>(
       index: 0,
       component: component ?? null,
       loading: entry.loading === false ? null : entry.loading,
-      transition: entry.transition,
+      transition: applyViewTransitionDefault(
+        entry.transition,
+        deps.viewTransitionDefault,
+        entry.shortCode,
+      ),
       params,
       belongsToRoute: true,
       ...(entry.mountPath ? { mountPath: entry.mountPath } : {}),
@@ -443,7 +431,11 @@ export async function resolveOrphanLayout<TEnv>(
     belongsToRoute,
     layoutName: orphan.id,
     loading: orphan.loading === false ? null : orphan.loading,
-    transition: orphan.transition,
+    transition: applyViewTransitionDefault(
+      orphan.transition,
+      deps.viewTransitionDefault,
+      orphan.shortCode,
+    ),
     ...(orphan.mountPath ? { mountPath: orphan.mountPath } : {}),
   });
 
@@ -515,6 +507,14 @@ export async function resolveParallelEntry<TEnv>(
       if (handler === undefined) {
         continue;
       }
+      // Pin `_currentSegmentId` to the slot's own id so handle pushes from
+      // inside the slot handler get their own bucket in the HandleStore.
+      // Parent-keying would collapse them into the parent layout's bucket;
+      // the partial-update merge then replaces the parent's bucket on a
+      // slot-only revalidation and drops layout-pushed Meta/Breadcrumbs.
+      // filterSegmentOrder() retains slot ids so the client preserves them.
+      (context as InternalHandlerContext<any, TEnv>)._currentSegmentId =
+        `${parentShortCode}.${slot}`;
       const doneParallelHandler = track(
         `handler:${parallelEntry.id}.${slot}`,
         2,
@@ -523,7 +523,9 @@ export async function resolveParallelEntry<TEnv>(
         parallelEntry.loading !== undefined && parallelEntry.loading !== false;
       if (hasLoadingFallback) {
         const result =
-          typeof handler === "function" ? handler(context) : handler;
+          typeof handler === "function"
+            ? observeHandler(`${parallelEntry.id}.${slot}`, handler, context)
+            : handler;
         if (result instanceof Promise) {
           result.finally(doneParallelHandler).catch(() => {});
           const tracked = deps.trackHandler(result, {
@@ -545,7 +547,13 @@ export async function resolveParallelEntry<TEnv>(
         }
       } else {
         component =
-          typeof handler === "function" ? await handler(context) : handler;
+          typeof handler === "function"
+            ? await observeHandler(
+                `${parallelEntry.id}.${slot}`,
+                handler,
+                context,
+              )
+            : handler;
         doneParallelHandler();
       }
     }
@@ -557,7 +565,11 @@ export async function resolveParallelEntry<TEnv>(
       index: 0,
       component,
       loading: parallelEntry.loading === false ? null : parallelEntry.loading,
-      transition: parallelEntry.transition,
+      transition: applyViewTransitionDefault(
+        parallelEntry.transition,
+        deps.viewTransitionDefault,
+        `${parentShortCode}.${slot}`,
+      ),
       params,
       slot,
       belongsToRoute,
@@ -624,7 +636,7 @@ export async function resolveAllSegments<TEnv>(
     // can guard non-cacheable variable reads. Also guards response-level
     // side effects (headers.set). Persists for all descendant entries.
     if (entry.type === "cache") {
-      const store = RSCRouterContext.getStore();
+      const store = RangoContext.getStore();
       if (store) store.insideCacheScope = true;
     }
     const doneEntry = track(`segment:${entry.id}`, 1);
@@ -646,6 +658,7 @@ export async function resolveAllSegments<TEnv>(
       deps,
       { request: safeRequest, url: context.url, routeKey, telemetry },
       context.pathname,
+      options?.throwOnError,
     );
     doneEntry();
     // Deduplicate by segment ID. include() scopes can produce entries that

package/src/router/segment-resolution/helpers.ts

@@ -19,13 +19,48 @@ import {
 import { getRequestContext } from "../../server/request-context.js";
 import { DefaultErrorFallback } from "../../default-error-boundary.js";
 import type { EntryData } from "../../server/context";
-import type { ResolvedSegment, ErrorInfo, HandlerContext } from "../../types";
+import type {
+  ResolvedSegment,
+  ErrorInfo,
+  HandlerContext,
+  InternalHandlerContext,
+} from "../../types";
 import type { SegmentResolutionDeps } from "../types.js";
 import { debugLog } from "../logging.js";
 import { tryStaticLookup } from "./static-store.js";
+import { observeHandler } from "../instrument.js";
 import type { TelemetrySink } from "../telemetry.js";
 import { resolveSink, safeEmit, getRequestId } from "../telemetry.js";
 
+/** The errorContext shape wrapLoaderPromise expects as its 5th argument. */
+type LoaderErrorContext<TEnv> = NonNullable<
+  Parameters<SegmentResolutionDeps<TEnv>["wrapLoaderPromise"]>[4]
+>;
+
+/**
+ * Build the errorContext passed to wrapLoaderPromise so a throwing DSL loader
+ * fires createRouter({ onError }) (phase "loader") and emits the loader.error
+ * telemetry event. wrapLoaderPromise only wires the onError/telemetry path when
+ * this 5th argument is present; every real call site previously omitted it, so
+ * loaders were the one phase whose failures were silently dropped (handlers,
+ * actions, routing, rendering, and fetchable loaders all reported correctly).
+ *
+ * The fields come off the handler context, which already carries the request,
+ * url, params, env, and (on the internal shape) the matched route name.
+ */
+export function buildLoaderErrorContext<TEnv>(
+  ctx: HandlerContext<any, TEnv>,
+): LoaderErrorContext<TEnv> {
+  const internal = ctx as InternalHandlerContext<any, TEnv>;
+  return {
+    request: ctx.request,
+    url: ctx.url,
+    routeKey: internal._routeName,
+    params: ctx.params as Record<string, string>,
+    env: ctx.env,
+  };
+}
+
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // Handler result processing
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -52,6 +87,40 @@ export function handleHandlerResult(
   return result;
 }
 
+/**
+ * Dev-only: warn when a handler on a route that declares loading() resolves or
+ * rejects with a Response (e.g. redirect()).
+ *
+ * On a non-loading route a returned/thrown Response short-circuits to an HTTP
+ * redirect. But when the route declares loading(), the handler result is
+ * streamed (not awaited at the resolution boundary), so the Response surfaces
+ * only during RSC serialization and is rendered into the stream instead of
+ * becoming a 302/308 — a silent failure mode. Issue redirects from middleware,
+ * a loader, or a synchronous handler return instead. Compiled out in production.
+ */
+export function warnOnStreamedResponse(
+  result: Promise<unknown>,
+  entryId: string,
+): void {
+  if (process.env.NODE_ENV === "production") return;
+  // A Response can surface either as a rejection (handleHandlerResult rethrows a
+  // resolved Response) or as a resolved value (the raw parallel-slot handler is
+  // not run through handleHandlerResult). Check both so every streamed path is
+  // covered. Each handler is an independent observer; it does not consume the
+  // rejection for the trackHandler/observeStreamedHandler chains.
+  const check = (value: unknown) => {
+    if (value instanceof Response) {
+      console.warn(
+        `[rango] Handler for "${entryId}" returned a Response (e.g. ` +
+          `redirect()), but it declares loading(): the Response is rendered ` +
+          `into the RSC stream, NOT sent as an HTTP redirect. Issue redirects ` +
+          `from middleware, a loader, or a synchronous handler return.`,
+      );
+    }
+  };
+  result.then(check, check);
+}
+
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // Static handler interception
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -96,11 +165,16 @@ export async function resolveLayoutComponent<TEnv>(
   entry: EntryData,
   context: HandlerContext<any, TEnv>,
 ): Promise<ReactNode> {
-  const component = await tryStaticHandler(entry, entry.shortCode);
-  if (component !== undefined) return component;
-  return typeof entry.handler === "function"
-    ? handleHandlerResult(await entry.handler(context))
-    : (entry.handler as ReactNode);
+  // Static/prerender hit: no handler runs, so emit no rango.handler span.
+  const staticComponent = await tryStaticHandler(entry, entry.shortCode);
+  if (staticComponent !== undefined) return staticComponent;
+  const handler = entry.handler;
+  if (typeof handler !== "function") return handler as ReactNode;
+  // Wrap ONLY the handler call in the rango.handler span (the perf metric is owned
+  // by track("handler:<id>") at the call site). handleHandlerResult stays OUTSIDE
+  // the span so a handler that returns a Response (redirect control flow, which it
+  // rethrows) is not recorded as a span error — mirrors the route-handler sites.
+  return handleHandlerResult(await observeHandler(entry.id, handler, context));
 }
 
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -250,11 +324,17 @@ export async function resolveWithErrorBoundary<TEnv, TResult>(
   deps: SegmentResolutionDeps<TEnv>,
   report?: ErrorReportContext,
   pathname?: string,
+  throwOnError?: boolean,
 ): Promise<TResult> {
   try {
     return await resolveFn();
   } catch (error) {
     if (error instanceof Response) throw error;
+    // Pre-render surfaces render failures to the build instead of baking the
+    // error boundary as a frozen 200 (issue #587). A `throw new Skip()` in a
+    // render fn also propagates here so the build can skip that URL rather than
+    // bake its error page. The live request path leaves throwOnError unset.
+    if (throwOnError) throw error;
     const segment = catchSegmentError(
       error,
       entry,

package/src/router/segment-resolution/loader-cache.ts

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
  * Cache key resolution (3-tier, matching CacheScope.resolveKey):
  *   1. options.key(requestCtx) — full override
  *   2. store.keyGenerator(requestCtx, defaultKey) — store-level modification
- *   3. loader:{loaderId}:{pathname}:{sortedParams} — default
+ *   3. loader:{loaderId}:{host}{pathname}:{sortedParams} — default
  *
  * Values are serialized via RSC Flight (serializeResult/deserializeResult),
  * supporting ReactNode, Promises, null, and all RSC-serializable types.
@@ -19,18 +19,23 @@
  */
 
 import type { LoaderEntry } from "../../server/context.js";
-import type { HandlerContext } from "../../types.js";
+import type { HandlerContext, InternalHandlerContext } from "../../types.js";
 import { INTERNAL_RANGO_DEBUG } from "../../internal-debug.js";
-import { getRequestContext } from "../../server/request-context.js";
+import {
+  getRequestContext,
+  runWithRequestContext,
+} from "../../server/request-context.js";
 import { sortedRouteParams } from "../../cache/cache-key-utils.js";
 import {
   resolveTtl,
   resolveSwrWindow,
   resolveCacheKey,
   resolveCacheStore,
+  resolveTagsOption,
   DEFAULT_ROUTE_TTL,
 } from "../../cache/cache-policy.js";
 import { readThroughItem } from "../../cache/read-through-swr.js";
+import { recordRequestTags } from "../../cache/cache-tag.js";
 // Lazy-loaded to avoid pulling @vitejs/plugin-rsc/rsc into modules that
 // import segment-resolution but never use loader caching.
 let _serializeResult: typeof import("../../cache/segment-codec.js").serializeResult;
@@ -55,12 +60,13 @@ function debugLoaderCacheLog(message: string): void {
 
 function getDefaultLoaderCacheKey(
   loaderId: string,
+  host: string,
   pathname: string,
   params: Record<string, string>,
 ): string {
   const paramStr = sortedRouteParams(params);
   const base = paramStr ? `${pathname}:${paramStr}` : pathname;
-  return `loader:${loaderId}:${base}`;
+  return `loader:${loaderId}:${host}${base}`;
 }
 
 /**
@@ -74,7 +80,13 @@ async function resolveLoaderKey(
   params: Record<string, string>,
 ): Promise<string> {
   const options = loaderEntry.cache!.options;
-  const defaultKey = getDefaultLoaderCacheKey(loaderId, pathname, params);
+  // The host is part of the loader cache identity, matching the route-level
+  // cache (cache-scope getCacheKeyBase: `${host}${pathname}`) and "use cache"
+  // (cache-runtime pushes ctx.url.host). Without it, a multi-tenant host router
+  // serving the same pathname for different hosts would leak one host's cached
+  // loader data to another.
+  const host = getRequestContext()?.url?.host ?? "localhost";
+  const defaultKey = getDefaultLoaderCacheKey(loaderId, host, pathname, params);
   if (options === false) return defaultKey;
   return resolveCacheKey(options.key, store, defaultKey, "LoaderCache");
 }
@@ -87,23 +99,8 @@ async function resolveLoaderKey(
  */
 function resolveTags(loaderEntry: LoaderEntry): string[] | undefined {
   const options = loaderEntry.cache?.options;
-  if (!options || !options.tags) return undefined;
-
-  if (typeof options.tags === "function") {
-    const requestCtx = getRequestContext();
-    if (!requestCtx) return undefined;
-    try {
-      return options.tags(requestCtx);
-    } catch (error) {
-      console.error(
-        `[LoaderCache] Tags function failed, caching without tags:`,
-        error,
-      );
-      return undefined;
-    }
-  }
-
-  return options.tags;
+  if (!options) return undefined;
+  return resolveTagsOption(options.tags, getRequestContext(), "LoaderCache");
 }
 
 function getLoaderStore(
@@ -119,6 +116,11 @@ function getLoaderStore(
  *
  * When the LoaderEntry has no cache config, delegates directly to ctx.use(loader).
  * When cached, checks store first and stores on miss via waitUntil.
+ *
+ * Loader metering is NOT done here — it lives at the ctx.use execution funnel
+ * (observePhase; see instrument.ts). A cache HIT returns without calling ctx.use,
+ * so it emits no loader phase (the loader did not execute; the hit is only a
+ * LoaderCache debug log).
  */
 export function resolveLoaderData<TEnv>(
   loaderEntry: LoaderEntry,
@@ -148,15 +150,51 @@ export function resolveLoaderData<TEnv>(
 
   const loaderId = loaderEntry.loader.$$id;
 
+  // A handler that later awaits this same loader via ctx.use(loader) must get
+  // THIS memoized promise, not a fresh execution. Rather than rebind ctx.use
+  // once per cached loader (O(N) chained wrappers + a synchronous
+  // capture-before-overwrite invariant), install a single stable interceptor on
+  // the first cached loader that consults a per-ctx override table, then just
+  // prime the table for each subsequent cached loader. The captured pre-
+  // interceptor `originalUse` (whatever setup mode installed it) runs the
+  // cache-miss execute, so a loader never awaits its own in-flight promise.
+  const internal = ctx as InternalHandlerContext<any, TEnv>;
+  let overrides = internal._loaderCacheOverrides;
+  if (!overrides) {
+    overrides = internal._loaderCacheOverrides = new Map();
+    const originalUse = ctx.use;
+    internal._loaderCacheOriginalUse = originalUse;
+    ctx.use = ((item: any) => {
+      const cached = overrides!.get(item?.$$id);
+      if (cached) return cached;
+      return originalUse(item);
+    }) as typeof ctx.use;
+  }
+  const runMiss = internal._loaderCacheOriginalUse!;
+
+  // Dedup the cache read-through across repeated resolutions of the SAME
+  // loaderId in one request. An orphan layout with parallel slots inherits its
+  // parent route's loaders, so resolveOrphanLayout (fresh.ts) re-resolves the
+  // parent's loaders under a different shortCode — calling resolveLoaderData
+  // again for the same loaderId. The cache key (loader:{loaderId}:{host}
+  // {pathname}:{sortedParams}) does not include the shortCode and ctx/params
+  // are identical, so both resolutions produce the same data. Reuse the already
+  // in-flight dataPromise instead of issuing a second getItem/setItem (e.g. a
+  // second KV round-trip) for one logical cached loader. The shortCode only
+  // affects the emitted segmentId in resolveLoaders, not the cached value.
+  const existing = overrides.get(loaderId);
+  if (existing) return existing;
+
+  // Compute ttl/swr/tags only AFTER the dedup short-circuit: a deduped second
+  // resolution of the same loaderId (the orphan-layout inheritance path) must
+  // not re-run the user tags() callback. These values are only consumed inside
+  // the read-through below, so they belong here, past the dedup gate.
   const ttl = resolveTtl(options.ttl, store.defaults, DEFAULT_ROUTE_TTL);
   const swrWindow = resolveSwrWindow(options.swr, store.defaults);
   const swr = swrWindow || undefined;
   const tags = resolveTags(loaderEntry);
+  recordRequestTags(tags);
 
-  // Wrap ctx.use() so cache HIT primes the handler's memoization map.
-  // ctx.use() closes over the match context's loaderPromises (not request context's).
-  // By intercepting ctx.use(), we inject cached data into the correct map.
-  const originalUse = ctx.use;
   const dataPromise = (async () => {
     const codec = await getCodec();
     const key = await resolveLoaderKey(
@@ -167,11 +205,20 @@ export function resolveLoaderData<TEnv>(
       ctx.params,
     );
 
+    // Capture the request context up front (foreground, ALS present) so the
+    // background stale revalidation can re-establish it. On workerd a waitUntil
+    // task runs detached from the request's I/O context, so a loader body that
+    // reads the ambient getRequestContext() would otherwise throw "called
+    // outside of a request context" and the revalidation would fail silently.
+    // The wrap is applied via wrapBackground (background path only); the
+    // foreground miss runs execute() directly since its context is present.
+    const requestCtxForExecute = getRequestContext();
     return readThroughItem({
       getItem: (k) => store.getItem!(k),
       setItem: (k, v, o) => store.setItem!(k, v, o),
       key,
-      execute: () => originalUse(loaderEntry.loader),
+      execute: () => runMiss(loaderEntry.loader),
+      wrapBackground: (run) => runWithRequestContext(requestCtxForExecute, run),
       serialize: (d) => codec.serializeResult(d),
       deserialize: (v) => codec.deserializeResult(v),
       storeOptions: { ttl, swr, tags },
@@ -179,21 +226,11 @@ export function resolveLoaderData<TEnv>(
       onStale: () => debugLoaderCacheLog(`[LoaderCache] STALE: ${key}`),
       onMiss: () => debugLoaderCacheLog(`[LoaderCache] MISS: ${key}`),
       onCached: () => debugLoaderCacheLog(`[LoaderCache] Cached: ${key}`),
-      host: getRequestContext(),
+      host: requestCtxForExecute,
     });
   })();
 
-  // Temporarily replace ctx.use() so the handler's call returns cached data.
-  // This is needed because ctx.use() closes over the match context's loaderPromises
-  // map which is separate from the request context. By wrapping use(), we intercept
-  // the handler's call and return the shared dataPromise.
-  const wrappedUse = ((item: any) => {
-    if (item === loaderEntry.loader || item?.$$id === loaderId) {
-      return dataPromise;
-    }
-    return originalUse(item);
-  }) as typeof ctx.use;
-  ctx.use = wrappedUse;
+  overrides.set(loaderId, dataPromise);
 
   return dataPromise;
 }