@quicktvui/ai 1.0.7 → 1.0.9

package/rules/.source/sdk/support/audio-record/src/main/java/cpp/lamemp3/psymodel.c

@@ -0,0 +1,2111 @@
+/*
+ *      psymodel.c
+ *
+ *      Copyright (c) 1999-2000 Mark Taylor
+ *      Copyright (c) 2001-2002 Naoki Shibata
+ *      Copyright (c) 2000-2003 Takehiro Tominaga
+ *      Copyright (c) 2000-2012 Robert Hegemann
+ *      Copyright (c) 2000-2005 Gabriel Bouvigne
+ *      Copyright (c) 2000-2005 Alexander Leidinger
+ *
+ * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+ * modify it under the terms of the GNU Library General Public
+ * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+ * version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+ * Library General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU Library General Public
+ * License along with this library; if not, write to the
+ * Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330,
+ * Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
+ */
+
+/* $Id: psymodel.c,v 1.216 2017/09/06 19:38:23 aleidinger Exp $ */
+
+
+/*
+PSYCHO ACOUSTICS
+
+
+This routine computes the psycho acoustics, delayed by one granule.  
+
+Input: buffer of PCM data (1024 samples).  
+
+This window should be centered over the 576 sample granule window.
+The routine will compute the psycho acoustics for
+this granule, but return the psycho acoustics computed
+for the *previous* granule.  This is because the block
+type of the previous granule can only be determined
+after we have computed the psycho acoustics for the following
+granule.  
+
+Output:  maskings and energies for each scalefactor band.
+block type, PE, and some correlation measures.  
+The PE is used by CBR modes to determine if extra bits
+from the bit reservoir should be used.  The correlation
+measures are used to determine mid/side or regular stereo.
+*/
+/*
+Notation:
+
+barks:  a non-linear frequency scale.  Mapping from frequency to
+        barks is given by freq2bark()
+
+scalefactor bands: The spectrum (frequencies) are broken into 
+                   SBMAX "scalefactor bands".  Thes bands
+                   are determined by the MPEG ISO spec.  In
+                   the noise shaping/quantization code, we allocate
+                   bits among the partition bands to achieve the
+                   best possible quality
+
+partition bands:   The spectrum is also broken into about
+                   64 "partition bands".  Each partition 
+                   band is about .34 barks wide.  There are about 2-5
+                   partition bands for each scalefactor band.
+
+LAME computes all psycho acoustic information for each partition
+band.  Then at the end of the computations, this information
+is mapped to scalefactor bands.  The energy in each scalefactor
+band is taken as the sum of the energy in all partition bands
+which overlap the scalefactor band.  The maskings can be computed
+in the same way (and thus represent the average masking in that band)
+or by taking the minmum value multiplied by the number of
+partition bands used (which represents a minimum masking in that band).
+*/
+/*
+The general outline is as follows:
+
+1. compute the energy in each partition band
+2. compute the tonality in each partition band
+3. compute the strength of each partion band "masker"
+4. compute the masking (via the spreading function applied to each masker)
+5. Modifications for mid/side masking.  
+
+Each partition band is considiered a "masker".  The strength
+of the i'th masker in band j is given by:
+
+    s3(bark(i)-bark(j))*strength(i)
+
+The strength of the masker is a function of the energy and tonality.
+The more tonal, the less masking.  LAME uses a simple linear formula
+(controlled by NMT and TMN) which says the strength is given by the
+energy divided by a linear function of the tonality.
+*/
+/*
+s3() is the "spreading function".  It is given by a formula
+determined via listening tests.  
+
+The total masking in the j'th partition band is the sum over
+all maskings i.  It is thus given by the convolution of
+the strength with s3(), the "spreading function."
+
+masking(j) = sum_over_i  s3(i-j)*strength(i)  = s3 o strength
+
+where "o" = convolution operator.  s3 is given by a formula determined
+via listening tests.  It is normalized so that s3 o 1 = 1.
+
+Note: instead of a simple convolution, LAME also has the
+option of using "additive masking"
+
+The most critical part is step 2, computing the tonality of each
+partition band.  LAME has two tonality estimators.  The first
+is based on the ISO spec, and measures how predictiable the
+signal is over time.  The more predictable, the more tonal.
+The second measure is based on looking at the spectrum of
+a single granule.  The more peaky the spectrum, the more
+tonal.  By most indications, the latter approach is better.
+
+Finally, in step 5, the maskings for the mid and side
+channel are possibly increased.  Under certain circumstances,
+noise in the mid & side channels is assumed to also
+be masked by strong maskers in the L or R channels.
+
+
+Other data computed by the psy-model:
+
+ms_ratio        side-channel / mid-channel masking ratio (for previous granule)
+ms_ratio_next   side-channel / mid-channel masking ratio for this granule
+
+percep_entropy[2]     L and R values (prev granule) of PE - A measure of how 
+                      much pre-echo is in the previous granule
+percep_entropy_MS[2]  mid and side channel values (prev granule) of percep_entropy
+energy[4]             L,R,M,S energy in each channel, prev granule
+blocktype_d[2]        block type to use for previous granule
+*/
+
+
+
+
+#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
+# include <config.h>
+#endif
+
+#include <float.h>
+
+#include "lame.h"
+#include "machine.h"
+#include "encoder.h"
+#include "util.h"
+#include "psymodel.h"
+#include "lame_global_flags.h"
+#include "fft.h"
+#include "lame-analysis.h"
+
+
+#define NSFIRLEN 21
+
+#ifdef M_LN10
+#define  LN_TO_LOG10  (M_LN10/10)
+#else
+#define  LN_TO_LOG10  0.2302585093
+#endif
+
+
+/*
+   L3psycho_anal.  Compute psycho acoustics.
+
+   Data returned to the calling program must be delayed by one 
+   granule. 
+
+   This is done in two places.  
+   If we do not need to know the blocktype, the copying
+   can be done here at the top of the program: we copy the data for
+   the last granule (computed during the last call) before it is
+   overwritten with the new data.  It looks like this:
+  
+   0. static psymodel_data 
+   1. calling_program_data = psymodel_data
+   2. compute psymodel_data
+    
+   For data which needs to know the blocktype, the copying must be
+   done at the end of this loop, and the old values must be saved:
+   
+   0. static psymodel_data_old 
+   1. compute psymodel_data
+   2. compute possible block type of this granule
+   3. compute final block type of previous granule based on #2.
+   4. calling_program_data = psymodel_data_old
+   5. psymodel_data_old = psymodel_data
+*/
+
+
+
+
+
+/* psycho_loudness_approx
+   jd - 2001 mar 12
+in:  energy   - BLKSIZE/2 elements of frequency magnitudes ^ 2
+     gfp      - uses out_samplerate, ATHtype (also needed for ATHformula)
+returns: loudness^2 approximation, a positive value roughly tuned for a value
+         of 1.0 for signals near clipping.
+notes:   When calibrated, feeding this function binary white noise at sample
+         values +32767 or -32768 should return values that approach 3.
+         ATHformula is used to approximate an equal loudness curve.
+future:  Data indicates that the shape of the equal loudness curve varies
+         with intensity.  This function might be improved by using an equal
+         loudness curve shaped for typical playback levels (instead of the
+         ATH, that is shaped for the threshold).  A flexible realization might
+         simply bend the existing ATH curve to achieve the desired shape.
+         However, the potential gain may not be enough to justify an effort.
+*/
+static FLOAT
+psycho_loudness_approx(FLOAT const *energy, FLOAT const *eql_w) {
+    int i;
+    FLOAT loudness_power;
+
+    loudness_power = 0.0;
+    /* apply weights to power in freq. bands */
+    for (i = 0; i < BLKSIZE / 2; ++i)
+        loudness_power += energy[i] * eql_w[i];
+    loudness_power *= VO_SCALE;
+
+    return loudness_power;
+}
+
+/* mask_add optimization */
+/* init the limit values used to avoid computing log in mask_add when it is not necessary */
+
+/* For example, with i = 10*log10(m2/m1)/10*16         (= log10(m2/m1)*16)
+ *
+ * abs(i)>8 is equivalent (as i is an integer) to
+ * abs(i)>=9
+ * i>=9 || i<=-9
+ * equivalent to (as i is the biggest integer smaller than log10(m2/m1)*16 
+ * or the smallest integer bigger than log10(m2/m1)*16 depending on the sign of log10(m2/m1)*16)
+ * log10(m2/m1)>=9/16 || log10(m2/m1)<=-9/16
+ * exp10 is strictly increasing thus this is equivalent to
+ * m2/m1 >= 10^(9/16) || m2/m1<=10^(-9/16) which are comparisons to constants
+ */
+
+
+#define I1LIMIT 8       /* as in if(i>8)  */
+#define I2LIMIT 23      /* as in if(i>24) -> changed 23 */
+#define MLIMIT  15      /* as in if(m<15) */
+
+/* pow(10, (I1LIMIT + 1) / 16.0); */
+static const FLOAT ma_max_i1 = 3.6517412725483771;
+/* pow(10, (I2LIMIT + 1) / 16.0); */
+static const FLOAT ma_max_i2 = 31.622776601683793;
+/* pow(10, (MLIMIT) / 10.0); */
+static const FLOAT ma_max_m = 31.622776601683793;
+
+/*This is the masking table:
+   According to tonality, values are going from 0dB (TMN)
+   to 9.3dB (NMT).
+   After additive masking computation, 8dB are added, so
+   final values are going from 8dB to 17.3dB
+ */
+static const FLOAT tab[] = {
+        1.0 /*pow(10, -0) */ ,
+        0.79433 /*pow(10, -0.1) */ ,
+        0.63096 /*pow(10, -0.2) */ ,
+        0.63096 /*pow(10, -0.2) */ ,
+        0.63096 /*pow(10, -0.2) */ ,
+        0.63096 /*pow(10, -0.2) */ ,
+        0.63096 /*pow(10, -0.2) */ ,
+        0.25119 /*pow(10, -0.6) */ ,
+        0.11749             /*pow(10, -0.93) */
+};
+
+static const int tab_mask_add_delta[] = {2, 2, 2, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, -1};
+#define STATIC_ASSERT_EQUAL_DIMENSION(A, B) enum{static_assert_##A=1/((dimension_of(A) == dimension_of(B))?1:0)}
+
+inline static int
+mask_add_delta(int i) {
+    STATIC_ASSERT_EQUAL_DIMENSION(tab_mask_add_delta, tab);
+    assert(i < (int) dimension_of(tab));
+    return tab_mask_add_delta[i];
+}
+
+
+static void
+init_mask_add_max_values(void) {
+#ifndef NDEBUG
+    FLOAT const _ma_max_i1 = pow(10, (I1LIMIT + 1) / 16.0);
+    FLOAT const _ma_max_i2 = pow(10, (I2LIMIT + 1) / 16.0);
+    FLOAT const _ma_max_m = pow(10, (MLIMIT) / 10.0);
+    assert(fabs(ma_max_i1 - _ma_max_i1) <= FLT_EPSILON);
+    assert(fabs(ma_max_i2 - _ma_max_i2) <= FLT_EPSILON);
+    assert(fabs(ma_max_m - _ma_max_m) <= FLT_EPSILON);
+#endif
+}
+
+
+
+
+/* addition of simultaneous masking   Naoki Shibata 2000/7 */
+inline static FLOAT
+vbrpsy_mask_add(FLOAT m1, FLOAT m2, int b, int delta) {
+    static const FLOAT table2[] = {
+            1.33352 * 1.33352, 1.35879 * 1.35879, 1.38454 * 1.38454, 1.39497 * 1.39497,
+            1.40548 * 1.40548, 1.3537 * 1.3537, 1.30382 * 1.30382, 1.22321 * 1.22321,
+            1.14758 * 1.14758,
+            1
+    };
+
+    FLOAT ratio;
+
+    if (m1 < 0) {
+        m1 = 0;
+    }
+    if (m2 < 0) {
+        m2 = 0;
+    }
+    if (m1 <= 0) {
+        return m2;
+    }
+    if (m2 <= 0) {
+        return m1;
+    }
+    if (m2 > m1) {
+        ratio = m2 / m1;
+    } else {
+        ratio = m1 / m2;
+    }
+    if (abs(b) <= delta) {       /* approximately, 1 bark = 3 partitions */
+        /* originally 'if(i > 8)' */
+        if (ratio >= ma_max_i1) {
+            return m1 + m2;
+        } else {
+            int i = (int) (FAST_LOG10_X(ratio, 16.0f));
+            return (m1 + m2) * table2[i];
+        }
+    }
+    if (ratio < ma_max_i2) {
+        return m1 + m2;
+    }
+    if (m1 < m2) {
+        m1 = m2;
+    }
+    return m1;
+}
+
+
+/* short block threshold calculation (part 2)
+
+    partition band bo_s[sfb] is at the transition from scalefactor
+    band sfb to the next one sfb+1; enn and thmm have to be split
+    between them
+*/
+static void
+convert_partition2scalefac(PsyConst_CB2SB_t const *const gd, FLOAT const *eb, FLOAT const *thr,
+                           FLOAT enn_out[], FLOAT thm_out[]) {
+    FLOAT enn, thmm;
+    int sb, b, n = gd->n_sb;
+    enn = thmm = 0.0f;
+    for (sb = b = 0; sb < n; ++b, ++sb) {
+        int const bo_sb = gd->bo[sb];
+        int const npart = gd->npart;
+        int const b_lim = bo_sb < npart ? bo_sb : npart;
+        while (b < b_lim) {
+            assert(eb[b] >= 0); /* iff failed, it may indicate some index error elsewhere */
+            assert(thr[b] >= 0);
+            enn += eb[b];
+            thmm += thr[b];
+            b++;
+        }
+        if (b >= npart) {
+            enn_out[sb] = enn;
+            thm_out[sb] = thmm;
+            ++sb;
+            break;
+        }
+        assert(eb[b] >= 0); /* iff failed, it may indicate some index error elsewhere */
+        assert(thr[b] >= 0);
+        {
+            /* at transition sfb -> sfb+1 */
+            FLOAT const w_curr = gd->bo_weight[sb];
+            FLOAT const w_next = 1.0f - w_curr;
+            enn += w_curr * eb[b];
+            thmm += w_curr * thr[b];
+            enn_out[sb] = enn;
+            thm_out[sb] = thmm;
+            enn = w_next * eb[b];
+            thmm = w_next * thr[b];
+        }
+    }
+    /* zero initialize the rest */
+    for (; sb < n; ++sb) {
+        enn_out[sb] = 0;
+        thm_out[sb] = 0;
+    }
+}
+
+static void
+convert_partition2scalefac_s(lame_internal_flags *gfc, FLOAT const *eb, FLOAT const *thr, int chn,
+                             int sblock) {
+    PsyStateVar_t *const psv = &gfc->sv_psy;
+    PsyConst_CB2SB_t const *const gds = &gfc->cd_psy->s;
+    FLOAT enn[SBMAX_s], thm[SBMAX_s];
+    int sb;
+    convert_partition2scalefac(gds, eb, thr, enn, thm);
+    for (sb = 0; sb < SBMAX_s; ++sb) {
+        psv->en[chn].s[sb][sblock] = enn[sb];
+        psv->thm[chn].s[sb][sblock] = thm[sb];
+    }
+}
+
+/* longblock threshold calculation (part 2) */
+static void
+convert_partition2scalefac_l(lame_internal_flags *gfc, FLOAT const *eb, FLOAT const *thr, int chn) {
+    PsyStateVar_t *const psv = &gfc->sv_psy;
+    PsyConst_CB2SB_t const *const gdl = &gfc->cd_psy->l;
+    FLOAT *enn = &psv->en[chn].l[0];
+    FLOAT *thm = &psv->thm[chn].l[0];
+    convert_partition2scalefac(gdl, eb, thr, enn, thm);
+}
+
+static void
+convert_partition2scalefac_l_to_s(lame_internal_flags *gfc, FLOAT const *eb, FLOAT const *thr,
+                                  int chn) {
+    PsyStateVar_t *const psv = &gfc->sv_psy;
+    PsyConst_CB2SB_t const *const gds = &gfc->cd_psy->l_to_s;
+    FLOAT enn[SBMAX_s], thm[SBMAX_s];
+    int sb, sblock;
+    convert_partition2scalefac(gds, eb, thr, enn, thm);
+    for (sb = 0; sb < SBMAX_s; ++sb) {
+        FLOAT const scale = 1. / 64.f;
+        FLOAT const tmp_enn = enn[sb];
+        FLOAT const tmp_thm = thm[sb] * scale;
+        for (sblock = 0; sblock < 3; ++sblock) {
+            psv->en[chn].s[sb][sblock] = tmp_enn;
+            psv->thm[chn].s[sb][sblock] = tmp_thm;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+
+static inline FLOAT
+NS_INTERP(FLOAT x, FLOAT y, FLOAT r) {
+    /* was pow((x),(r))*pow((y),1-(r)) */
+    if (r >= 1.0f)
+        return x;       /* 99.7% of the time */
+    if (r <= 0.0f)
+        return y;
+    if (y > 0.0f)
+        return powf(x / y, r) * y; /* rest of the time */
+    return 0.0f;        /* never happens */
+}
+
+
+static FLOAT
+pecalc_s(III_psy_ratio const *mr, FLOAT masking_lower) {
+    FLOAT pe_s;
+    static const FLOAT regcoef_s[] = {
+            11.8,           /* these values are tuned only for 44.1kHz... */
+            13.6,
+            17.2,
+            32,
+            46.5,
+            51.3,
+            57.5,
+            67.1,
+            71.5,
+            84.6,
+            97.6,
+            130,
+/*      255.8 */
+    };
+    unsigned int sb, sblock;
+
+    pe_s = 1236.28f / 4;
+    for (sb = 0; sb < SBMAX_s - 1; sb++) {
+        for (sblock = 0; sblock < 3; sblock++) {
+            FLOAT const thm = mr->thm.s[sb][sblock];
+            assert(sb < dimension_of(regcoef_s));
+            if (thm > 0.0f) {
+                FLOAT const x = thm * masking_lower;
+                FLOAT const en = mr->en.s[sb][sblock];
+                if (en > x) {
+                    if (en > x * 1e10f) {
+                        pe_s += regcoef_s[sb] * (10.0f * LOG10);
+                    } else {
+                        assert(x > 0);
+                        pe_s += regcoef_s[sb] * FAST_LOG10(en / x);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    return pe_s;
+}
+
+static FLOAT
+pecalc_l(III_psy_ratio const *mr, FLOAT masking_lower) {
+    FLOAT pe_l;
+    static const FLOAT regcoef_l[] = {
+            6.8,            /* these values are tuned only for 44.1kHz... */
+            5.8,
+            5.8,
+            6.4,
+            6.5,
+            9.9,
+            12.1,
+            14.4,
+            15,
+            18.9,
+            21.6,
+            26.9,
+            34.2,
+            40.2,
+            46.8,
+            56.5,
+            60.7,
+            73.9,
+            85.7,
+            93.4,
+            126.1,
+/*      241.3 */
+    };
+    unsigned int sb;
+
+    pe_l = 1124.23f / 4;
+    for (sb = 0; sb < SBMAX_l - 1; sb++) {
+        FLOAT const thm = mr->thm.l[sb];
+        assert(sb < dimension_of(regcoef_l));
+        if (thm > 0.0f) {
+            FLOAT const x = thm * masking_lower;
+            FLOAT const en = mr->en.l[sb];
+            if (en > x) {
+                if (en > x * 1e10f) {
+                    pe_l += regcoef_l[sb] * (10.0f * LOG10);
+                } else {
+                    assert(x > 0);
+                    pe_l += regcoef_l[sb] * FAST_LOG10(en / x);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    return pe_l;
+}
+
+
+static void
+calc_energy(PsyConst_CB2SB_t const *l, FLOAT const *fftenergy, FLOAT *eb, FLOAT *max, FLOAT *avg) {
+    int b, j;
+
+    for (b = j = 0; b < l->npart; ++b) {
+        FLOAT ebb = 0, m = 0;
+        int i;
+        for (i = 0; i < l->numlines[b]; ++i, ++j) {
+            FLOAT const el = fftenergy[j];
+            assert(el >= 0);
+            ebb += el;
+            if (m < el)
+                m = el;
+        }
+        eb[b] = ebb;
+        max[b] = m;
+        avg[b] = ebb * l->rnumlines[b];
+        assert(l->rnumlines[b] >= 0);
+        assert(ebb >= 0);
+        assert(eb[b] >= 0);
+        assert(max[b] >= 0);
+        assert(avg[b] >= 0);
+    }
+}
+
+
+static void
+calc_mask_index_l(lame_internal_flags const *gfc, FLOAT const *max,
+                  FLOAT const *avg, unsigned char *mask_idx) {
+    PsyConst_CB2SB_t const *const gdl = &gfc->cd_psy->l;
+    FLOAT m, a;
+    int b, k;
+    int const last_tab_entry = sizeof(tab) / sizeof(tab[0]) - 1;
+    b = 0;
+    a = avg[b] + avg[b + 1];
+    assert(a >= 0);
+    if (a > 0.0f) {
+        m = max[b];
+        if (m < max[b + 1])
+            m = max[b + 1];
+        assert((gdl->numlines[b] + gdl->numlines[b + 1] - 1) > 0);
+        a = 20.0f * (m * 2.0f - a)
+            / (a * (gdl->numlines[b] + gdl->numlines[b + 1] - 1));
+        k = (int) a;
+        if (k > last_tab_entry)
+            k = last_tab_entry;
+        mask_idx[b] = k;
+    } else {
+        mask_idx[b] = 0;
+    }
+
+    for (b = 1; b < gdl->npart - 1; b++) {
+        a = avg[b - 1] + avg[b] + avg[b + 1];
+        assert(a >= 0);
+        if (a > 0.0f) {
+            m = max[b - 1];
+            if (m < max[b])
+                m = max[b];
+            if (m < max[b + 1])
+                m = max[b + 1];
+            assert((gdl->numlines[b - 1] + gdl->numlines[b] + gdl->numlines[b + 1] - 1) > 0);
+            a = 20.0f * (m * 3.0f - a)
+                / (a * (gdl->numlines[b - 1] + gdl->numlines[b] + gdl->numlines[b + 1] - 1));
+            k = (int) a;
+            if (k > last_tab_entry)
+                k = last_tab_entry;
+            mask_idx[b] = k;
+        } else {
+            mask_idx[b] = 0;
+        }
+    }
+    assert(b > 0);
+    assert(b == gdl->npart - 1);
+
+    a = avg[b - 1] + avg[b];
+    assert(a >= 0);
+    if (a > 0.0f) {
+        m = max[b - 1];
+        if (m < max[b])
+            m = max[b];
+        assert((gdl->numlines[b - 1] + gdl->numlines[b] - 1) > 0);
+        a = 20.0f * (m * 2.0f - a)
+            / (a * (gdl->numlines[b - 1] + gdl->numlines[b] - 1));
+        k = (int) a;
+        if (k > last_tab_entry)
+            k = last_tab_entry;
+        mask_idx[b] = k;
+    } else {
+        mask_idx[b] = 0;
+    }
+    assert(b == (gdl->npart - 1));
+}
+
+
+static void
+vbrpsy_compute_fft_l(lame_internal_flags *gfc, const sample_t *const buffer[2], int chn,
+                     int gr_out, FLOAT fftenergy[HBLKSIZE], FLOAT(*wsamp_l)[BLKSIZE]) {
+    SessionConfig_t const *const cfg = &gfc->cfg;
+    PsyStateVar_t *psv = &gfc->sv_psy;
+    plotting_data *plt = cfg->analysis ? gfc->pinfo : 0;
+    int j;
+
+    if (chn < 2) {
+        fft_long(gfc, *wsamp_l, chn, buffer);
+    } else if (chn == 2) {
+        FLOAT const sqrt2_half = SQRT2 * 0.5f;
+        /* FFT data for mid and side channel is derived from L & R */
+        for (j = BLKSIZE - 1; j >= 0; --j) {
+            FLOAT const l = wsamp_l[0][j];
+            FLOAT const r = wsamp_l[1][j];
+            wsamp_l[0][j] = (l + r) * sqrt2_half;
+            wsamp_l[1][j] = (l - r) * sqrt2_half;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /*********************************************************************
+    *  compute energies
+    *********************************************************************/
+    fftenergy[0] = wsamp_l[0][0];
+    fftenergy[0] *= fftenergy[0];
+
+    for (j = BLKSIZE / 2 - 1; j >= 0; --j) {
+        FLOAT const re = (*wsamp_l)[BLKSIZE / 2 - j];
+        FLOAT const im = (*wsamp_l)[BLKSIZE / 2 + j];
+        fftenergy[BLKSIZE / 2 - j] = (re * re + im * im) * 0.5f;
+    }
+    /* total energy */
+    {
+        FLOAT totalenergy = 0.0f;
+        for (j = 11; j < HBLKSIZE; j++)
+            totalenergy += fftenergy[j];
+
+        psv->tot_ener[chn] = totalenergy;
+    }
+
+    if (plt) {
+        for (j = 0; j < HBLKSIZE; j++) {
+            plt->energy[gr_out][chn][j] = plt->energy_save[chn][j];
+            plt->energy_save[chn][j] = fftenergy[j];
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+
+static void
+vbrpsy_compute_fft_s(lame_internal_flags const *gfc, const sample_t *const buffer[2], int chn,
+                     int sblock, FLOAT(*fftenergy_s)[HBLKSIZE_s], FLOAT(*wsamp_s)[3][BLKSIZE_s]) {
+    int j;
+
+    if (sblock == 0 && chn < 2) {
+        fft_short(gfc, *wsamp_s, chn, buffer);
+    }
+    if (chn == 2) {
+        FLOAT const sqrt2_half = SQRT2 * 0.5f;
+        /* FFT data for mid and side channel is derived from L & R */
+        for (j = BLKSIZE_s - 1; j >= 0; --j) {
+            FLOAT const l = wsamp_s[0][sblock][j];
+            FLOAT const r = wsamp_s[1][sblock][j];
+            wsamp_s[0][sblock][j] = (l + r) * sqrt2_half;
+            wsamp_s[1][sblock][j] = (l - r) * sqrt2_half;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /*********************************************************************
+    *  compute energies
+    *********************************************************************/
+    fftenergy_s[sblock][0] = (*wsamp_s)[sblock][0];
+    fftenergy_s[sblock][0] *= fftenergy_s[sblock][0];
+    for (j = BLKSIZE_s / 2 - 1; j >= 0; --j) {
+        FLOAT const re = (*wsamp_s)[sblock][BLKSIZE_s / 2 - j];
+        FLOAT const im = (*wsamp_s)[sblock][BLKSIZE_s / 2 + j];
+        fftenergy_s[sblock][BLKSIZE_s / 2 - j] = (re * re + im * im) * 0.5f;
+    }
+}
+
+
+/*********************************************************************
+* compute loudness approximation (used for ATH auto-level adjustment)
+*********************************************************************/
+static void
+vbrpsy_compute_loudness_approximation_l(lame_internal_flags *gfc, int gr_out, int chn,
+                                        const FLOAT fftenergy[HBLKSIZE]) {
+    PsyStateVar_t *psv = &gfc->sv_psy;
+    if (chn < 2) {      /*no loudness for mid/side ch */
+        gfc->ov_psy.loudness_sq[gr_out][chn] = psv->loudness_sq_save[chn];
+        psv->loudness_sq_save[chn] = psycho_loudness_approx(fftenergy, gfc->ATH->eql_w);
+    }
+}
+
+
+/**********************************************************************
+*  Apply HPF of fs/4 to the input signal.
+*  This is used for attack detection / handling.
+**********************************************************************/
+static void
+vbrpsy_attack_detection(lame_internal_flags *gfc, const sample_t *const buffer[2], int gr_out,
+                        III_psy_ratio masking_ratio[2][2], III_psy_ratio masking_MS_ratio[2][2],
+                        FLOAT energy[4], FLOAT sub_short_factor[4][3], int ns_attacks[4][4],
+                        int uselongblock[2]) {
+    FLOAT ns_hpfsmpl[2][576];
+    SessionConfig_t const *const cfg = &gfc->cfg;
+    PsyStateVar_t *const psv = &gfc->sv_psy;
+    plotting_data *plt = cfg->analysis ? gfc->pinfo : 0;
+    int const n_chn_out = cfg->channels_out;
+    /* chn=2 and 3 = Mid and Side channels */
+    int const n_chn_psy = (cfg->mode == JOINT_STEREO) ? 4 : n_chn_out;
+    int chn, i, j;
+
+    memset(&ns_hpfsmpl[0][0], 0, sizeof(ns_hpfsmpl));
+    /* Don't copy the input buffer into a temporary buffer */
+    /* unroll the loop 2 times */
+    for (chn = 0; chn < n_chn_out; chn++) {
+        static const FLOAT fircoef[] = {
+                -8.65163e-18 * 2, -0.00851586 * 2, -6.74764e-18 * 2, 0.0209036 * 2,
+                -3.36639e-17 * 2, -0.0438162 * 2, -1.54175e-17 * 2, 0.0931738 * 2,
+                -5.52212e-17 * 2, -0.313819 * 2
+        };
+        /* apply high pass filter of fs/4 */
+        const sample_t *const firbuf = &buffer[chn][576 - 350 - NSFIRLEN + 192];
+        assert(dimension_of(fircoef) == ((NSFIRLEN - 1) / 2));
+        for (i = 0; i < 576; i++) {
+            FLOAT sum1, sum2;
+            sum1 = firbuf[i + 10];
+            sum2 = 0.0;
+            for (j = 0; j < ((NSFIRLEN - 1) / 2) - 1; j += 2) {
+                sum1 += fircoef[j] * (firbuf[i + j] + firbuf[i + NSFIRLEN - j]);
+                sum2 += fircoef[j + 1] * (firbuf[i + j + 1] + firbuf[i + NSFIRLEN - j - 1]);
+            }
+            ns_hpfsmpl[chn][i] = sum1 + sum2;
+        }
+        masking_ratio[gr_out][chn].en = psv->en[chn];
+        masking_ratio[gr_out][chn].thm = psv->thm[chn];
+        if (n_chn_psy > 2) {
+            /* MS maskings  */
+            /*percep_MS_entropy         [chn-2]     = gfc -> pe  [chn];  */
+            masking_MS_ratio[gr_out][chn].en = psv->en[chn + 2];
+            masking_MS_ratio[gr_out][chn].thm = psv->thm[chn + 2];
+        }
+    }
+    for (chn = 0; chn < n_chn_psy; chn++) {
+        FLOAT attack_intensity[12];
+        FLOAT en_subshort[12];
+        FLOAT en_short[4] = {0, 0, 0, 0};
+        FLOAT const *pf = ns_hpfsmpl[chn & 1];
+        int ns_uselongblock = 1;
+
+        if (chn == 2) {
+            for (i = 0, j = 576; j > 0; ++i, --j) {
+                FLOAT const l = ns_hpfsmpl[0][i];
+                FLOAT const r = ns_hpfsmpl[1][i];
+                ns_hpfsmpl[0][i] = l + r;
+                ns_hpfsmpl[1][i] = l - r;
+            }
+        }
+        /*************************************************************** 
+        * determine the block type (window type)
+        ***************************************************************/
+        /* calculate energies of each sub-shortblocks */
+        for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
+            en_subshort[i] = psv->last_en_subshort[chn][i + 6];
+            assert(psv->last_en_subshort[chn][i + 4] > 0);
+            attack_intensity[i] = en_subshort[i] / psv->last_en_subshort[chn][i + 4];
+            en_short[0] += en_subshort[i];
+        }
+
+        for (i = 0; i < 9; i++) {
+            FLOAT const *const pfe = pf + 576 / 9;
+            FLOAT p = 1.;
+            for (; pf < pfe; pf++)
+                if (p < fabs(*pf))
+                    p = fabs(*pf);
+            psv->last_en_subshort[chn][i] = en_subshort[i + 3] = p;
+            en_short[1 + i / 3] += p;
+            if (p > en_subshort[i + 3 - 2]) {
+                assert(en_subshort[i + 3 - 2] > 0);
+                p = p / en_subshort[i + 3 - 2];
+            } else if (en_subshort[i + 3 - 2] > p * 10.0f) {
+                assert(p > 0);
+                p = en_subshort[i + 3 - 2] / (p * 10.0f);
+            } else {
+                p = 0.0;
+            }
+            attack_intensity[i + 3] = p;
+        }
+
+        /* pulse like signal detection for fatboy.wav and so on */
+        for (i = 0; i < 3; ++i) {
+            FLOAT const enn =
+                    en_subshort[i * 3 + 3] + en_subshort[i * 3 + 4] + en_subshort[i * 3 + 5];
+            FLOAT factor = 1.f;
+            if (en_subshort[i * 3 + 5] * 6 < enn) {
+                factor *= 0.5f;
+                if (en_subshort[i * 3 + 4] * 6 < enn) {
+                    factor *= 0.5f;
+                }
+            }
+            sub_short_factor[chn][i] = factor;
+        }
+
+        if (plt) {
+            FLOAT x = attack_intensity[0];
+            for (i = 1; i < 12; i++) {
+                if (x < attack_intensity[i]) {
+                    x = attack_intensity[i];
+                }
+            }
+            plt->ers[gr_out][chn] = plt->ers_save[chn];
+            plt->ers_save[chn] = x;
+        }
+
+        /* compare energies between sub-shortblocks */
+        {
+            FLOAT x = gfc->cd_psy->attack_threshold[chn];
+            for (i = 0; i < 12; i++) {
+                if (ns_attacks[chn][i / 3] == 0) {
+                    if (attack_intensity[i] > x) {
+                        ns_attacks[chn][i / 3] = (i % 3) + 1;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        /* should have energy change between short blocks, in order to avoid periodic signals */
+        /* Good samples to show the effect are Trumpet test songs */
+        /* GB: tuned (1) to avoid too many short blocks for test sample TRUMPET */
+        /* RH: tuned (2) to let enough short blocks through for test sample FSOL and SNAPS */
+        for (i = 1; i < 4; i++) {
+            FLOAT const u = en_short[i - 1];
+            FLOAT const v = en_short[i];
+            FLOAT const m = Max(u, v);
+            if (m < 40000) { /* (2) */
+                if (u < 1.7f * v && v < 1.7f * u) { /* (1) */
+                    if (i == 1 && ns_attacks[chn][0] <= ns_attacks[chn][i]) {
+                        ns_attacks[chn][0] = 0;
+                    }
+                    ns_attacks[chn][i] = 0;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (ns_attacks[chn][0] <= psv->last_attacks[chn]) {
+            ns_attacks[chn][0] = 0;
+        }
+
+        if (psv->last_attacks[chn] == 3 ||
+            ns_attacks[chn][0] + ns_attacks[chn][1] + ns_attacks[chn][2] + ns_attacks[chn][3]) {
+            ns_uselongblock = 0;
+
+            if (ns_attacks[chn][1] && ns_attacks[chn][0]) {
+                ns_attacks[chn][1] = 0;
+            }
+            if (ns_attacks[chn][2] && ns_attacks[chn][1]) {
+                ns_attacks[chn][2] = 0;
+            }
+            if (ns_attacks[chn][3] && ns_attacks[chn][2]) {
+                ns_attacks[chn][3] = 0;
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (chn < 2) {
+            uselongblock[chn] = ns_uselongblock;
+        } else {
+            if (ns_uselongblock == 0) {
+                uselongblock[0] = uselongblock[1] = 0;
+            }
+        }
+
+        /* there is a one granule delay.  Copy maskings computed last call
+         * into masking_ratio to return to calling program.
+         */
+        energy[chn] = psv->tot_ener[chn];
+    }
+}
+
+
+static void
+vbrpsy_skip_masking_s(lame_internal_flags *gfc, int chn, int sblock) {
+    if (sblock == 0) {
+        FLOAT *nbs2 = &gfc->sv_psy.nb_s2[chn][0];
+        FLOAT *nbs1 = &gfc->sv_psy.nb_s1[chn][0];
+        int const n = gfc->cd_psy->s.npart;
+        int b;
+        for (b = 0; b < n; b++) {
+            nbs2[b] = nbs1[b];
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+
+static void
+vbrpsy_calc_mask_index_s(lame_internal_flags const *gfc, FLOAT const *max,
+                         FLOAT const *avg, unsigned char *mask_idx) {
+    PsyConst_CB2SB_t const *const gds = &gfc->cd_psy->s;
+    FLOAT m, a;
+    int b, k;
+    int const last_tab_entry = dimension_of(tab) - 1;
+    b = 0;
+    a = avg[b] + avg[b + 1];
+    assert(a >= 0);
+    if (a > 0.0f) {
+        m = max[b];
+        if (m < max[b + 1])
+            m = max[b + 1];
+        assert((gds->numlines[b] + gds->numlines[b + 1] - 1) > 0);
+        a = 20.0f * (m * 2.0f - a)
+            / (a * (gds->numlines[b] + gds->numlines[b + 1] - 1));
+        k = (int) a;
+        if (k > last_tab_entry)
+            k = last_tab_entry;
+        mask_idx[b] = k;
+    } else {
+        mask_idx[b] = 0;
+    }
+
+    for (b = 1; b < gds->npart - 1; b++) {
+        a = avg[b - 1] + avg[b] + avg[b + 1];
+        assert(b + 1 < gds->npart);
+        assert(a >= 0);
+        if (a > 0.0) {
+            m = max[b - 1];
+            if (m < max[b])
+                m = max[b];
+            if (m < max[b + 1])
+                m = max[b + 1];
+            assert((gds->numlines[b - 1] + gds->numlines[b] + gds->numlines[b + 1] - 1) > 0);
+            a = 20.0f * (m * 3.0f - a)
+                / (a * (gds->numlines[b - 1] + gds->numlines[b] + gds->numlines[b + 1] - 1));
+            k = (int) a;
+            if (k > last_tab_entry)
+                k = last_tab_entry;
+            mask_idx[b] = k;
+        } else {
+            mask_idx[b] = 0;
+        }
+    }
+    assert(b > 0);
+    assert(b == gds->npart - 1);
+
+    a = avg[b - 1] + avg[b];
+    assert(a >= 0);
+    if (a > 0.0f) {
+        m = max[b - 1];
+        if (m < max[b])
+            m = max[b];
+        assert((gds->numlines[b - 1] + gds->numlines[b] - 1) > 0);
+        a = 20.0f * (m * 2.0f - a)
+            / (a * (gds->numlines[b - 1] + gds->numlines[b] - 1));
+        k = (int) a;
+        if (k > last_tab_entry)
+            k = last_tab_entry;
+        mask_idx[b] = k;
+    } else {
+        mask_idx[b] = 0;
+    }
+    assert(b == (gds->npart - 1));
+}
+
+
+static void
+vbrpsy_compute_masking_s(lame_internal_flags *gfc, const FLOAT(*fftenergy_s)[HBLKSIZE_s],
+                         FLOAT *eb, FLOAT *thr, int chn, int sblock) {
+    PsyStateVar_t *const psv = &gfc->sv_psy;
+    PsyConst_CB2SB_t const *const gds = &gfc->cd_psy->s;
+    FLOAT max[CBANDS], avg[CBANDS];
+    int i, j, b;
+    unsigned char mask_idx_s[CBANDS];
+
+    memset(max, 0, sizeof(max));
+    memset(avg, 0, sizeof(avg));
+
+    for (b = j = 0; b < gds->npart; ++b) {
+        FLOAT ebb = 0, m = 0;
+        int const n = gds->numlines[b];
+        for (i = 0; i < n; ++i, ++j) {
+            FLOAT const el = fftenergy_s[sblock][j];
+            ebb += el;
+            if (m < el)
+                m = el;
+        }
+        eb[b] = ebb;
+        assert(ebb >= 0);
+        max[b] = m;
+        assert(n > 0);
+        avg[b] = ebb * gds->rnumlines[b];
+        assert(avg[b] >= 0);
+    }
+    assert(b == gds->npart);
+    assert(j == 129);
+    vbrpsy_calc_mask_index_s(gfc, max, avg, mask_idx_s);
+    for (j = b = 0; b < gds->npart; b++) {
+        int kk = gds->s3ind[b][0];
+        int const last = gds->s3ind[b][1];
+        int const delta = mask_add_delta(mask_idx_s[b]);
+        int dd, dd_n;
+        FLOAT x, ecb, avg_mask;
+        FLOAT const masking_lower = gds->masking_lower[b] * gfc->sv_qnt.masking_lower;
+
+        dd = mask_idx_s[kk];
+        dd_n = 1;
+        ecb = gds->s3[j] * eb[kk] * tab[mask_idx_s[kk]];
+        ++j, ++kk;
+        while (kk <= last) {
+            dd += mask_idx_s[kk];
+            dd_n += 1;
+            x = gds->s3[j] * eb[kk] * tab[mask_idx_s[kk]];
+            ecb = vbrpsy_mask_add(ecb, x, kk - b, delta);
+            ++j, ++kk;
+        }
+        dd = (1 + 2 * dd) / (2 * dd_n);
+        avg_mask = tab[dd] * 0.5f;
+        ecb *= avg_mask;
+#if 0                   /* we can do PRE ECHO control now here, or do it later */
+        if (psv->blocktype_old[chn & 0x01] == SHORT_TYPE) {
+            /* limit calculated threshold by even older granule */
+            FLOAT const t1 = rpelev_s * psv->nb_s1[chn][b];
+            FLOAT const t2 = rpelev2_s * psv->nb_s2[chn][b];
+            FLOAT const tm = (t2 > 0) ? Min(ecb, t2) : ecb;
+            thr[b] = (t1 > 0) ? NS_INTERP(Min(tm, t1), ecb, 0.6) : ecb;
+        }
+        else {
+            /* limit calculated threshold by older granule */
+            FLOAT const t1 = rpelev_s * psv->nb_s1[chn][b];
+            thr[b] = (t1 > 0) ? NS_INTERP(Min(ecb, t1), ecb, 0.6) : ecb;
+        }
+#else /* we do it later */
+        thr[b] = ecb;
+#endif
+        psv->nb_s2[chn][b] = psv->nb_s1[chn][b];
+        psv->nb_s1[chn][b] = ecb;
+        {
+            /*  if THR exceeds EB, the quantization routines will take the difference
+             *  from other bands. in case of strong tonal samples (tonaltest.wav)
+             *  this leads to heavy distortions. that's why we limit THR here.
+             */
+            x = max[b];
+            x *= gds->minval[b];
+            x *= avg_mask;
+            if (thr[b] > x) {
+                thr[b] = x;
+            }
+        }
+        if (masking_lower > 1) {
+            thr[b] *= masking_lower;
+        }
+        if (thr[b] > eb[b]) {
+            thr[b] = eb[b];
+        }
+        if (masking_lower < 1) {
+            thr[b] *= masking_lower;
+        }
+
+        assert(thr[b] >= 0);
+    }
+    for (; b < CBANDS; ++b) {
+        eb[b] = 0;
+        thr[b] = 0;
+    }
+}
+
+
+static void
+vbrpsy_compute_masking_l(lame_internal_flags *gfc, const FLOAT fftenergy[HBLKSIZE],
+                         FLOAT eb_l[CBANDS], FLOAT thr[CBANDS], int chn) {
+    PsyStateVar_t *const psv = &gfc->sv_psy;
+    PsyConst_CB2SB_t const *const gdl = &gfc->cd_psy->l;
+    FLOAT max[CBANDS], avg[CBANDS];
+    unsigned char mask_idx_l[CBANDS + 2];
+    int k, b;
+
+    /*********************************************************************
+       *    Calculate the energy and the tonality of each partition.
+    *********************************************************************/
+    calc_energy(gdl, fftenergy, eb_l, max, avg);
+    calc_mask_index_l(gfc, max, avg, mask_idx_l);
+
+    /*********************************************************************
+       *      convolve the partitioned energy and unpredictability
+       *      with the spreading function, s3_l[b][k]
+    ********************************************************************/
+    k = 0;
+    for (b = 0; b < gdl->npart; b++) {
+        FLOAT x, ecb, avg_mask, t;
+        FLOAT const masking_lower = gdl->masking_lower[b] * gfc->sv_qnt.masking_lower;
+        /* convolve the partitioned energy with the spreading function */
+        int kk = gdl->s3ind[b][0];
+        int const last = gdl->s3ind[b][1];
+        int const delta = mask_add_delta(mask_idx_l[b]);
+        int dd = 0, dd_n = 0;
+
+        dd = mask_idx_l[kk];
+        dd_n += 1;
+        ecb = gdl->s3[k] * eb_l[kk] * tab[mask_idx_l[kk]];
+        ++k, ++kk;
+        while (kk <= last) {
+            dd += mask_idx_l[kk];
+            dd_n += 1;
+            x = gdl->s3[k] * eb_l[kk] * tab[mask_idx_l[kk]];
+            t = vbrpsy_mask_add(ecb, x, kk - b, delta);
+#if 0
+            ecb += eb_l[kk];
+            if (ecb > t) {
+                ecb = t;
+            }
+#else
+            ecb = t;
+#endif
+            ++k, ++kk;
+        }
+        dd = (1 + 2 * dd) / (2 * dd_n);
+        avg_mask = tab[dd] * 0.5f;
+        ecb *= avg_mask;
+
+        /****   long block pre-echo control   ****/
+        /* dont use long block pre-echo control if previous granule was 
+         * a short block.  This is to avoid the situation:   
+         * frame0:  quiet (very low masking)  
+         * frame1:  surge  (triggers short blocks)
+         * frame2:  regular frame.  looks like pre-echo when compared to 
+         *          frame0, but all pre-echo was in frame1.
+         */
+        /* chn=0,1   L and R channels
+           chn=2,3   S and M channels.
+         */
+        if (psv->blocktype_old[chn & 0x01] == SHORT_TYPE) {
+            FLOAT const ecb_limit = rpelev * psv->nb_l1[chn][b];
+            if (ecb_limit > 0) {
+                thr[b] = Min(ecb, ecb_limit);
+            } else {
+                /* Robert 071209:
+                   Because we don't calculate long block psy when we know a granule
+                   should be of short blocks, we don't have any clue how the granule
+                   before would have looked like as a long block. So we have to guess
+                   a little bit for this END_TYPE block.
+                   Most of the time we get away with this sloppyness. (fingers crossed :)
+                   The speed increase is worth it.
+                 */
+                thr[b] = Min(ecb, eb_l[b] * NS_PREECHO_ATT2);
+            }
+        } else {
+            FLOAT ecb_limit_2 = rpelev2 * psv->nb_l2[chn][b];
+            FLOAT ecb_limit_1 = rpelev * psv->nb_l1[chn][b];
+            FLOAT ecb_limit;
+            if (ecb_limit_2 <= 0) {
+                ecb_limit_2 = ecb;
+            }
+            if (ecb_limit_1 <= 0) {
+                ecb_limit_1 = ecb;
+            }
+            if (psv->blocktype_old[chn & 0x01] == NORM_TYPE) {
+                ecb_limit = Min(ecb_limit_1, ecb_limit_2);
+            } else {
+                ecb_limit = ecb_limit_1;
+            }
+            thr[b] = Min(ecb, ecb_limit);
+        }
+        psv->nb_l2[chn][b] = psv->nb_l1[chn][b];
+        psv->nb_l1[chn][b] = ecb;
+        {
+            /*  if THR exceeds EB, the quantization routines will take the difference
+             *  from other bands. in case of strong tonal samples (tonaltest.wav)
+             *  this leads to heavy distortions. that's why we limit THR here.
+             */
+            x = max[b];
+            x *= gdl->minval[b];
+            x *= avg_mask;
+            if (thr[b] > x) {
+                thr[b] = x;
+            }
+        }
+        if (masking_lower > 1) {
+            thr[b] *= masking_lower;
+        }
+        if (thr[b] > eb_l[b]) {
+            thr[b] = eb_l[b];
+        }
+        if (masking_lower < 1) {
+            thr[b] *= masking_lower;
+        }
+        assert(thr[b] >= 0);
+    }
+    for (; b < CBANDS; ++b) {
+        eb_l[b] = 0;
+        thr[b] = 0;
+    }
+}
+
+
+static void
+vbrpsy_compute_block_type(SessionConfig_t const *cfg, int *uselongblock) {
+    int chn;
+
+    if (cfg->short_blocks == short_block_coupled
+        /* force both channels to use the same block type */
+        /* this is necessary if the frame is to be encoded in ms_stereo.  */
+        /* But even without ms_stereo, FhG  does this */
+        && !(uselongblock[0] && uselongblock[1]))
+        uselongblock[0] = uselongblock[1] = 0;
+
+    for (chn = 0; chn < cfg->channels_out; chn++) {
+        /* disable short blocks */
+        if (cfg->short_blocks == short_block_dispensed) {
+            uselongblock[chn] = 1;
+        }
+        if (cfg->short_blocks == short_block_forced) {
+            uselongblock[chn] = 0;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+
+static void
+vbrpsy_apply_block_type(PsyStateVar_t *psv, int nch, int const *uselongblock, int *blocktype_d) {
+    int chn;
+
+    /* update the blocktype of the previous granule, since it depends on what
+     * happend in this granule */
+    for (chn = 0; chn < nch; chn++) {
+        int blocktype = NORM_TYPE;
+        /* disable short blocks */
+
+        if (uselongblock[chn]) {
+            /* no attack : use long blocks */
+            assert(psv->blocktype_old[chn] != START_TYPE);
+            if (psv->blocktype_old[chn] == SHORT_TYPE)
+                blocktype = STOP_TYPE;
+        } else {
+            /* attack : use short blocks */
+            blocktype = SHORT_TYPE;
+            if (psv->blocktype_old[chn] == NORM_TYPE) {
+                psv->blocktype_old[chn] = START_TYPE;
+            }
+            if (psv->blocktype_old[chn] == STOP_TYPE)
+                psv->blocktype_old[chn] = SHORT_TYPE;
+        }
+
+        blocktype_d[chn] = psv->blocktype_old[chn]; /* value returned to calling program */
+        psv->blocktype_old[chn] = blocktype; /* save for next call to l3psy_anal */
+    }
+}
+
+
+/*************************************************************** 
+ * compute M/S thresholds from Johnston & Ferreira 1992 ICASSP paper
+ ***************************************************************/
+
+static void
+vbrpsy_compute_MS_thresholds(const FLOAT eb[4][CBANDS], FLOAT thr[4][CBANDS],
+                             const FLOAT cb_mld[CBANDS], const FLOAT ath_cb[CBANDS], FLOAT athlower,
+                             FLOAT msfix, int n) {
+    FLOAT const msfix2 = msfix * 2.f;
+    FLOAT rside, rmid;
+    int b;
+    for (b = 0; b < n; ++b) {
+        FLOAT const ebM = eb[2][b];
+        FLOAT const ebS = eb[3][b];
+        FLOAT const thmL = thr[0][b];
+        FLOAT const thmR = thr[1][b];
+        FLOAT thmM = thr[2][b];
+        FLOAT thmS = thr[3][b];
+
+        /* use this fix if L & R masking differs by 2db or less */
+        /* if db = 10*log10(x2/x1) < 2 */
+        /* if (x2 < 1.58*x1) { */
+        if (thmL <= 1.58f * thmR && thmR <= 1.58f * thmL) {
+            FLOAT const mld_m = cb_mld[b] * ebS;
+            FLOAT const mld_s = cb_mld[b] * ebM;
+            FLOAT const tmp_m = Min(thmS, mld_m);
+            FLOAT const tmp_s = Min(thmM, mld_s);
+            rmid = Max(thmM, tmp_m);
+            rside = Max(thmS, tmp_s);
+        } else {
+            rmid = thmM;
+            rside = thmS;
+        }
+        if (msfix > 0.f) {
+            /***************************************************************/
+            /* Adjust M/S maskings if user set "msfix"                     */
+            /***************************************************************/
+            /* Naoki Shibata 2000 */
+            FLOAT thmLR, thmMS;
+            FLOAT const ath = ath_cb[b] * athlower;
+            FLOAT const tmp_l = Max(thmL, ath);
+            FLOAT const tmp_r = Max(thmR, ath);
+            thmLR = Min(tmp_l, tmp_r);
+            thmM = Max(rmid, ath);
+            thmS = Max(rside, ath);
+            thmMS = thmM + thmS;
+            if (thmMS > 0.f && (thmLR * msfix2) < thmMS) {
+                FLOAT const f = thmLR * msfix2 / thmMS;
+                thmM *= f;
+                thmS *= f;
+                assert(thmMS > 0.f);
+            }
+            rmid = Min(thmM, rmid);
+            rside = Min(thmS, rside);
+        }
+        if (rmid > ebM) {
+            rmid = ebM;
+        }
+        if (rside > ebS) {
+            rside = ebS;
+        }
+        thr[2][b] = rmid;
+        thr[3][b] = rside;
+    }
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * NOTE: the bitrate reduction from the inter-channel masking effect is low
+ * compared to the chance of getting annyoing artefacts. L3psycho_anal_vbr does
+ * not use this feature. (Robert 071216)
+*/
+
+int
+L3psycho_anal_vbr(lame_internal_flags *gfc,
+                  const sample_t *const buffer[2], int gr_out,
+                  III_psy_ratio masking_ratio[2][2],
+                  III_psy_ratio masking_MS_ratio[2][2],
+                  FLOAT percep_entropy[2], FLOAT percep_MS_entropy[2],
+                  FLOAT energy[4], int blocktype_d[2]) {
+    SessionConfig_t const *const cfg = &gfc->cfg;
+    PsyStateVar_t *const psv = &gfc->sv_psy;
+    PsyConst_CB2SB_t const *const gdl = &gfc->cd_psy->l;
+    PsyConst_CB2SB_t const *const gds = &gfc->cd_psy->s;
+    plotting_data *plt = cfg->analysis ? gfc->pinfo : 0;
+
+    III_psy_xmin last_thm[4];
+
+    /* fft and energy calculation   */
+    FLOAT(*wsamp_l)[BLKSIZE];
+    FLOAT(*wsamp_s)[3][BLKSIZE_s];
+    FLOAT fftenergy[HBLKSIZE];
+    FLOAT fftenergy_s[3][HBLKSIZE_s];
+    FLOAT wsamp_L[2][BLKSIZE];
+    FLOAT wsamp_S[2][3][BLKSIZE_s];
+    FLOAT eb[4][CBANDS], thr[4][CBANDS];
+
+    FLOAT sub_short_factor[4][3];
+    FLOAT thmm;
+    FLOAT const pcfact = 0.6f;
+    FLOAT const ath_factor =
+            (cfg->msfix > 0.f) ? (cfg->ATH_offset_factor * gfc->ATH->adjust_factor) : 1.f;
+
+    const FLOAT(*const_eb)[CBANDS] = (const FLOAT(*)[CBANDS]) eb;
+    const FLOAT(*const_fftenergy_s)[HBLKSIZE_s] = (const FLOAT(*)[HBLKSIZE_s]) fftenergy_s;
+
+    /* block type  */
+    int ns_attacks[4][4] = {{0, 0, 0, 0},
+                            {0, 0, 0, 0},
+                            {0, 0, 0, 0},
+                            {0, 0, 0, 0}};
+    int uselongblock[2];
+
+    /* usual variables like loop indices, etc..    */
+    int chn, sb, sblock;
+
+    /* chn=2 and 3 = Mid and Side channels */
+    int const n_chn_psy = (cfg->mode == JOINT_STEREO) ? 4 : cfg->channels_out;
+
+    memcpy(&last_thm[0], &psv->thm[0], sizeof(last_thm));
+
+    vbrpsy_attack_detection(gfc, buffer, gr_out, masking_ratio, masking_MS_ratio, energy,
+                            sub_short_factor, ns_attacks, uselongblock);
+
+    vbrpsy_compute_block_type(cfg, uselongblock);
+
+    /* LONG BLOCK CASE */
+    {
+        for (chn = 0; chn < n_chn_psy; chn++) {
+            int const ch01 = chn & 0x01;
+
+            wsamp_l = wsamp_L + ch01;
+            vbrpsy_compute_fft_l(gfc, buffer, chn, gr_out, fftenergy, wsamp_l);
+            vbrpsy_compute_loudness_approximation_l(gfc, gr_out, chn, fftenergy);
+            vbrpsy_compute_masking_l(gfc, fftenergy, eb[chn], thr[chn], chn);
+        }
+        if (cfg->mode == JOINT_STEREO) {
+            if ((uselongblock[0] + uselongblock[1]) == 2) {
+                vbrpsy_compute_MS_thresholds(const_eb, thr, gdl->mld_cb, gfc->ATH->cb_l,
+                                             ath_factor, cfg->msfix, gdl->npart);
+            }
+        }
+        /* TODO: apply adaptive ATH masking here ?? */
+        for (chn = 0; chn < n_chn_psy; chn++) {
+            convert_partition2scalefac_l(gfc, eb[chn], thr[chn], chn);
+            convert_partition2scalefac_l_to_s(gfc, eb[chn], thr[chn], chn);
+        }
+    }
+    /* SHORT BLOCKS CASE */
+    {
+        int const force_short_block_calc = gfc->cd_psy->force_short_block_calc;
+        for (sblock = 0; sblock < 3; sblock++) {
+            for (chn = 0; chn < n_chn_psy; ++chn) {
+                int const ch01 = chn & 0x01;
+                if (uselongblock[ch01] && !force_short_block_calc) {
+                    vbrpsy_skip_masking_s(gfc, chn, sblock);
+                } else {
+                    /* compute masking thresholds for short blocks */
+                    wsamp_s = wsamp_S + ch01;
+                    vbrpsy_compute_fft_s(gfc, buffer, chn, sblock, fftenergy_s, wsamp_s);
+                    vbrpsy_compute_masking_s(gfc, const_fftenergy_s, eb[chn], thr[chn], chn,
+                                             sblock);
+                }
+            }
+            if (cfg->mode == JOINT_STEREO) {
+                if ((uselongblock[0] + uselongblock[1]) == 0) {
+                    vbrpsy_compute_MS_thresholds(const_eb, thr, gds->mld_cb, gfc->ATH->cb_s,
+                                                 ath_factor, cfg->msfix, gds->npart);
+                }
+            }
+            /* TODO: apply adaptive ATH masking here ?? */
+            for (chn = 0; chn < n_chn_psy; ++chn) {
+                int const ch01 = chn & 0x01;
+                if (!uselongblock[ch01] || force_short_block_calc) {
+                    convert_partition2scalefac_s(gfc, eb[chn], thr[chn], chn, sblock);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        /****   short block pre-echo control   ****/
+        for (chn = 0; chn < n_chn_psy; chn++) {
+            for (sb = 0; sb < SBMAX_s; sb++) {
+                FLOAT new_thmm[3], prev_thm, t1, t2;
+                for (sblock = 0; sblock < 3; sblock++) {
+                    thmm = psv->thm[chn].s[sb][sblock];
+                    thmm *= NS_PREECHO_ATT0;
+
+                    t1 = t2 = thmm;
+
+                    if (sblock > 0) {
+                        prev_thm = new_thmm[sblock - 1];
+                    } else {
+                        prev_thm = last_thm[chn].s[sb][2];
+                    }
+                    if (ns_attacks[chn][sblock] >= 2 || ns_attacks[chn][sblock + 1] == 1) {
+                        t1 = NS_INTERP(prev_thm, thmm, NS_PREECHO_ATT1 * pcfact);
+                    }
+                    thmm = Min(t1, thmm);
+                    if (ns_attacks[chn][sblock] == 1) {
+                        t2 = NS_INTERP(prev_thm, thmm, NS_PREECHO_ATT2 * pcfact);
+                    } else if ((sblock == 0 && psv->last_attacks[chn] == 3)
+                               || (sblock > 0 &&
+                                   ns_attacks[chn][sblock - 1] == 3)) { /* 2nd preceeding block */
+                        switch (sblock) {
+                            case 0:
+                                prev_thm = last_thm[chn].s[sb][1];
+                                break;
+                            case 1:
+                                prev_thm = last_thm[chn].s[sb][2];
+                                break;
+                            case 2:
+                                prev_thm = new_thmm[0];
+                                break;
+                        }
+                        t2 = NS_INTERP(prev_thm, thmm, NS_PREECHO_ATT2 * pcfact);
+                    }
+
+                    thmm = Min(t1, thmm);
+                    thmm = Min(t2, thmm);
+
+                    /* pulse like signal detection for fatboy.wav and so on */
+                    thmm *= sub_short_factor[chn][sblock];
+
+                    new_thmm[sblock] = thmm;
+                }
+                for (sblock = 0; sblock < 3; sblock++) {
+                    psv->thm[chn].s[sb][sblock] = new_thmm[sblock];
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    for (chn = 0; chn < n_chn_psy; chn++) {
+        psv->last_attacks[chn] = ns_attacks[chn][2];
+    }
+
+
+    /*************************************************************** 
+    * determine final block type
+    ***************************************************************/
+    vbrpsy_apply_block_type(psv, cfg->channels_out, uselongblock, blocktype_d);
+
+    /*********************************************************************
+    * compute the value of PE to return ... no delay and advance
+    *********************************************************************/
+    for (chn = 0; chn < n_chn_psy; chn++) {
+        FLOAT *ppe;
+        int type;
+        III_psy_ratio const *mr;
+
+        if (chn > 1) {
+            ppe = percep_MS_entropy - 2;
+            type = NORM_TYPE;
+            if (blocktype_d[0] == SHORT_TYPE || blocktype_d[1] == SHORT_TYPE)
+                type = SHORT_TYPE;
+            mr = &masking_MS_ratio[gr_out][chn - 2];
+        } else {
+            ppe = percep_entropy;
+            type = blocktype_d[chn];
+            mr = &masking_ratio[gr_out][chn];
+        }
+        if (type == SHORT_TYPE) {
+            ppe[chn] = pecalc_s(mr, gfc->sv_qnt.masking_lower);
+        } else {
+            ppe[chn] = pecalc_l(mr, gfc->sv_qnt.masking_lower);
+        }
+
+        if (plt) {
+            plt->pe[gr_out][chn] = ppe[chn];
+        }
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ *   The spreading function.  Values returned in units of energy
+ */
+static FLOAT
+s3_func(FLOAT bark) {
+    FLOAT tempx, x, tempy, temp;
+    tempx = bark;
+    if (tempx >= 0)
+        tempx *= 3;
+    else
+        tempx *= 1.5;
+
+    if (tempx >= 0.5 && tempx <= 2.5) {
+        temp = tempx - 0.5;
+        x = 8.0 * (temp * temp - 2.0 * temp);
+    } else
+        x = 0.0;
+    tempx += 0.474;
+    tempy = 15.811389 + 7.5 * tempx - 17.5 * sqrt(1.0 + tempx * tempx);
+
+    if (tempy <= -60.0)
+        return 0.0;
+
+    tempx = exp((x + tempy) * LN_TO_LOG10);
+
+    /* Normalization.  The spreading function should be normalized so that:
+       +inf
+       /
+       |  s3 [ bark ]  d(bark)   =  1
+       /
+       -inf
+     */
+    tempx /= .6609193;
+    return tempx;
+}
+
+#if 0
+static  FLOAT
+norm_s3_func(void)
+{
+    double  lim_a = 0, lim_b = 0;
+    double  x = 0, l, h;
+    for (x = 0; s3_func(x) > 1e-20; x -= 1);
+    l = x;
+    h = 0;
+    while (fabs(h - l) > 1e-12) {
+        x = (h + l) / 2;
+        if (s3_func(x) > 0) {
+            h = x;
+        }
+        else {
+            l = x;
+        }
+    }
+    lim_a = l;
+    for (x = 0; s3_func(x) > 1e-20; x += 1);
+    l = 0;
+    h = x;
+    while (fabs(h - l) > 1e-12) {
+        x = (h + l) / 2;
+        if (s3_func(x) > 0) {
+            l = x;
+        }
+        else {
+            h = x;
+        }
+    }
+    lim_b = h;
+    {
+        double  sum = 0;
+        int const m = 1000;
+        int     i;
+        for (i = 0; i <= m; ++i) {
+            double  x = lim_a + i * (lim_b - lim_a) / m;
+            double  y = s3_func(x);
+            sum += y;
+        }
+        {
+            double  norm = (m + 1) / (sum * (lim_b - lim_a));
+            /*printf( "norm = %lf\n",norm); */
+            return norm;
+        }
+    }
+}
+#endif
+
+static FLOAT
+stereo_demask(double f) {
+    /* setup stereo demasking thresholds */
+    /* formula reverse enginerred from plot in paper */
+    double arg = freq2bark(f);
+    arg = (Min(arg, 15.5) / 15.5);
+
+    return pow(10.0, 1.25 * (1 - cos(PI * arg)) - 2.5);
+}
+
+static void
+init_numline(PsyConst_CB2SB_t *gd, FLOAT sfreq, int fft_size,
+             int mdct_size, int sbmax, int const *scalepos) {
+    FLOAT b_frq[CBANDS + 1];
+    FLOAT const mdct_freq_frac = sfreq / (2.0f * mdct_size);
+    FLOAT const deltafreq = fft_size / (2.0f * mdct_size);
+    int partition[HBLKSIZE] = {0};
+    int i, j, ni;
+    int sfb;
+    sfreq /= fft_size;
+    j = 0;
+    ni = 0;
+    /* compute numlines, the number of spectral lines in each partition band */
+    /* each partition band should be about DELBARK wide. */
+    for (i = 0; i < CBANDS; i++) {
+        FLOAT bark1;
+        int j2, nl;
+        bark1 = freq2bark(sfreq * j);
+
+        b_frq[i] = sfreq * j;
+
+        for (j2 = j; freq2bark(sfreq * j2) - bark1 < DELBARK && j2 <= fft_size / 2; j2++);
+
+        nl = j2 - j;
+        gd->numlines[i] = nl;
+        gd->rnumlines[i] = (nl > 0) ? (1.0f / nl) : 0;
+
+        ni = i + 1;
+
+        while (j < j2) {
+            assert(j < HBLKSIZE);
+            partition[j++] = i;
+        }
+        if (j > fft_size / 2) {
+            j = fft_size / 2;
+            ++i;
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+    assert(i < CBANDS);
+    b_frq[i] = sfreq * j;
+
+    gd->n_sb = sbmax;
+    gd->npart = ni;
+
+    {
+        j = 0;
+        for (i = 0; i < gd->npart; i++) {
+            int const nl = gd->numlines[i];
+            FLOAT const freq = sfreq * (j + nl / 2);
+            gd->mld_cb[i] = stereo_demask(freq);
+            j += nl;
+        }
+        for (; i < CBANDS; ++i) {
+            gd->mld_cb[i] = 1;
+        }
+    }
+    for (sfb = 0; sfb < sbmax; sfb++) {
+        int i1, i2, bo;
+        int start = scalepos[sfb];
+        int end = scalepos[sfb + 1];
+
+        i1 = floor(.5 + deltafreq * (start - .5));
+        if (i1 < 0)
+            i1 = 0;
+        i2 = floor(.5 + deltafreq * (end - .5));
+
+        if (i2 > fft_size / 2)
+            i2 = fft_size / 2;
+
+        bo = partition[i2];
+        gd->bm[sfb] = (partition[i1] + partition[i2]) / 2;
+        gd->bo[sfb] = bo;
+
+        /* calculate how much of this band belongs to current scalefactor band */
+        {
+            FLOAT const f_tmp = mdct_freq_frac * end;
+            FLOAT bo_w = (f_tmp - b_frq[bo]) / (b_frq[bo + 1] - b_frq[bo]);
+            if (bo_w < 0) {
+                bo_w = 0;
+            } else {
+                if (bo_w > 1) {
+                    bo_w = 1;
+                }
+            }
+            gd->bo_weight[sfb] = bo_w;
+        }
+        gd->mld[sfb] = stereo_demask(mdct_freq_frac * start);
+    }
+}
+
+static void
+compute_bark_values(PsyConst_CB2SB_t const *gd, FLOAT sfreq, int fft_size,
+                    FLOAT *bval, FLOAT *bval_width) {
+    /* compute bark values of each critical band */
+    int k, j = 0, ni = gd->npart;
+    sfreq /= fft_size;
+    for (k = 0; k < ni; k++) {
+        int const w = gd->numlines[k];
+        FLOAT bark1, bark2;
+
+        bark1 = freq2bark(sfreq * (j));
+        bark2 = freq2bark(sfreq * (j + w - 1));
+        bval[k] = .5 * (bark1 + bark2);
+
+        bark1 = freq2bark(sfreq * (j - .5));
+        bark2 = freq2bark(sfreq * (j + w - .5));
+        bval_width[k] = bark2 - bark1;
+        j += w;
+    }
+}
+
+static int
+init_s3_values(FLOAT **p, int (*s3ind)[2], int npart,
+               FLOAT const *bval, FLOAT const *bval_width, FLOAT const *norm) {
+    FLOAT s3[CBANDS][CBANDS];
+    /* The s3 array is not linear in the bark scale.
+     * bval[x] should be used to get the bark value.
+     */
+    int i, j, k;
+    int numberOfNoneZero = 0;
+
+    memset(&s3[0][0], 0, sizeof(s3));
+
+    /* s[i][j], the value of the spreading function,
+     * centered at band j (masker), for band i (maskee)
+     *
+     * i.e.: sum over j to spread into signal barkval=i
+     * NOTE: i and j are used opposite as in the ISO docs
+     */
+    for (i = 0; i < npart; i++) {
+        for (j = 0; j < npart; j++) {
+            FLOAT v = s3_func(bval[i] - bval[j]) * bval_width[j];
+            s3[i][j] = v * norm[i];
+        }
+    }
+    for (i = 0; i < npart; i++) {
+        for (j = 0; j < npart; j++) {
+            if (s3[i][j] > 0.0f)
+                break;
+        }
+        s3ind[i][0] = j;
+
+        for (j = npart - 1; j > 0; j--) {
+            if (s3[i][j] > 0.0f)
+                break;
+        }
+        s3ind[i][1] = j;
+        numberOfNoneZero += (s3ind[i][1] - s3ind[i][0] + 1);
+    }
+    *p = lame_calloc(FLOAT, numberOfNoneZero);
+    if (!*p)
+        return -1;
+
+    k = 0;
+    for (i = 0; i < npart; i++)
+        for (j = s3ind[i][0]; j <= s3ind[i][1]; j++)
+            (*p)[k++] = s3[i][j];
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+int
+psymodel_init(lame_global_flags const *gfp) {
+    lame_internal_flags *const gfc = gfp->internal_flags;
+    SessionConfig_t *const cfg = &gfc->cfg;
+    PsyStateVar_t *const psv = &gfc->sv_psy;
+    PsyConst_t *gd;
+    int i, j, b, sb, k;
+    FLOAT bvl_a = 13, bvl_b = 24;
+    FLOAT snr_l_a = 0, snr_l_b = 0;
+    FLOAT snr_s_a = -8.25, snr_s_b = -4.5;
+
+    FLOAT bval[CBANDS];
+    FLOAT bval_width[CBANDS];
+    FLOAT norm[CBANDS];
+    FLOAT const sfreq = cfg->samplerate_out;
+
+    FLOAT xav = 10, xbv = 12;
+    FLOAT const minval_low = (0.f - cfg->minval);
+
+    if (gfc->cd_psy != 0) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+    memset(norm, 0, sizeof(norm));
+
+    gd = lame_calloc(PsyConst_t, 1);
+    gfc->cd_psy = gd;
+
+    gd->force_short_block_calc = gfp->experimentalZ;
+
+    psv->blocktype_old[0] = psv->blocktype_old[1] = NORM_TYPE; /* the vbr header is long blocks */
+
+    for (i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
+        for (j = 0; j < CBANDS; ++j) {
+            psv->nb_l1[i][j] = 1e20;
+            psv->nb_l2[i][j] = 1e20;
+            psv->nb_s1[i][j] = psv->nb_s2[i][j] = 1.0;
+        }
+        for (sb = 0; sb < SBMAX_l; sb++) {
+            psv->en[i].l[sb] = 1e20;
+            psv->thm[i].l[sb] = 1e20;
+        }
+        for (j = 0; j < 3; ++j) {
+            for (sb = 0; sb < SBMAX_s; sb++) {
+                psv->en[i].s[sb][j] = 1e20;
+                psv->thm[i].s[sb][j] = 1e20;
+            }
+            psv->last_attacks[i] = 0;
+        }
+        for (j = 0; j < 9; j++)
+            psv->last_en_subshort[i][j] = 10.;
+    }
+
+
+    /* init. for loudness approx. -jd 2001 mar 27 */
+    psv->loudness_sq_save[0] = psv->loudness_sq_save[1] = 0.0;
+
+
+
+    /*************************************************************************
+     * now compute the psychoacoustic model specific constants
+     ************************************************************************/
+    /* compute numlines, bo, bm, bval, bval_width, mld */
+    init_numline(&gd->l, sfreq, BLKSIZE, 576, SBMAX_l, gfc->scalefac_band.l);
+    assert(gd->l.npart < CBANDS);
+    compute_bark_values(&gd->l, sfreq, BLKSIZE, bval, bval_width);
+
+    /* compute the spreading function */
+    for (i = 0; i < gd->l.npart; i++) {
+        double snr = snr_l_a;
+        if (bval[i] >= bvl_a) {
+            snr = snr_l_b * (bval[i] - bvl_a) / (bvl_b - bvl_a)
+                  + snr_l_a * (bvl_b - bval[i]) / (bvl_b - bvl_a);
+        }
+        norm[i] = pow(10.0, snr / 10.0);
+    }
+    i = init_s3_values(&gd->l.s3, gd->l.s3ind, gd->l.npart, bval, bval_width, norm);
+    if (i)
+        return i;
+
+    /* compute long block specific values, ATH and MINVAL */
+    j = 0;
+    for (i = 0; i < gd->l.npart; i++) {
+        double x;
+
+        /* ATH */
+        x = FLOAT_MAX;
+        for (k = 0; k < gd->l.numlines[i]; k++, j++) {
+            FLOAT const freq = sfreq * j / (1000.0 * BLKSIZE);
+            FLOAT level;
+            /* freq = Min(.1,freq); *//* ATH below 100 Hz constant, not further climbing */
+            level = ATHformula(cfg, freq * 1000) -
+                    20; /* scale to FFT units; returned value is in dB */
+            level = pow(10., 0.1 * level); /* convert from dB -> energy */
+            level *= gd->l.numlines[i];
+            if (x > level)
+                x = level;
+        }
+        gfc->ATH->cb_l[i] = x;
+
+        /* MINVAL.
+           For low freq, the strength of the masking is limited by minval
+           this is an ISO MPEG1 thing, dont know if it is really needed */
+        /* FIXME: it does work to reduce low-freq problems in S53-Wind-Sax
+           and lead-voice samples, but introduces some 3 kbps bit bloat too.
+           TODO: Further refinement of the shape of this hack.
+         */
+        x = 20.0 * (bval[i] / xav - 1.0);
+        if (x > 6) {
+            x = 30;
+        }
+        if (x < minval_low) {
+            x = minval_low;
+        }
+        if (cfg->samplerate_out < 44000) {
+            x = 30;
+        }
+        x -= 8.;
+        gd->l.minval[i] = pow(10.0, x / 10.) * gd->l.numlines[i];
+    }
+
+    /************************************************************************
+     * do the same things for short blocks
+     ************************************************************************/
+    init_numline(&gd->s, sfreq, BLKSIZE_s, 192, SBMAX_s, gfc->scalefac_band.s);
+    assert(gd->s.npart < CBANDS);
+    compute_bark_values(&gd->s, sfreq, BLKSIZE_s, bval, bval_width);
+
+    /* SNR formula. short block is normalized by SNR. is it still right ? */
+    j = 0;
+    for (i = 0; i < gd->s.npart; i++) {
+        double x;
+        double snr = snr_s_a;
+        if (bval[i] >= bvl_a) {
+            snr = snr_s_b * (bval[i] - bvl_a) / (bvl_b - bvl_a)
+                  + snr_s_a * (bvl_b - bval[i]) / (bvl_b - bvl_a);
+        }
+        norm[i] = pow(10.0, snr / 10.0);
+
+        /* ATH */
+        x = FLOAT_MAX;
+        for (k = 0; k < gd->s.numlines[i]; k++, j++) {
+            FLOAT const freq = sfreq * j / (1000.0 * BLKSIZE_s);
+            FLOAT level;
+            /* freq = Min(.1,freq); *//* ATH below 100 Hz constant, not further climbing */
+            level = ATHformula(cfg, freq * 1000) -
+                    20; /* scale to FFT units; returned value is in dB */
+            level = pow(10., 0.1 * level); /* convert from dB -> energy */
+            level *= gd->s.numlines[i];
+            if (x > level)
+                x = level;
+        }
+        gfc->ATH->cb_s[i] = x;
+
+        /* MINVAL.
+           For low freq, the strength of the masking is limited by minval
+           this is an ISO MPEG1 thing, dont know if it is really needed */
+        x = 7.0 * (bval[i] / xbv - 1.0);
+        if (bval[i] > xbv) {
+            x *= 1 + log(1 + x) * 3.1;
+        }
+        if (bval[i] < xbv) {
+            x *= 1 + log(1 - x) * 2.3;
+        }
+        if (x > 6) {
+            x = 30;
+        }
+        if (x < minval_low) {
+            x = minval_low;
+        }
+        if (cfg->samplerate_out < 44000) {
+            x = 30;
+        }
+        x -= 8;
+        gd->s.minval[i] = pow(10.0, x / 10) * gd->s.numlines[i];
+    }
+
+    i = init_s3_values(&gd->s.s3, gd->s.s3ind, gd->s.npart, bval, bval_width, norm);
+    if (i)
+        return i;
+
+
+    init_mask_add_max_values();
+    init_fft(gfc);
+
+    /* setup temporal masking */
+    gd->decay = exp(-1.0 * LOG10 / (temporalmask_sustain_sec * sfreq / 192.0));
+
+    {
+        FLOAT msfix;
+        msfix = NS_MSFIX;
+        if (cfg->use_safe_joint_stereo)
+            msfix = 1.0;
+        if (fabs(cfg->msfix) > 0.0)
+            msfix = cfg->msfix;
+        cfg->msfix = msfix;
+
+        /* spread only from npart_l bands.  Normally, we use the spreading
+         * function to convolve from npart_l down to npart_l bands 
+         */
+        for (b = 0; b < gd->l.npart; b++)
+            if (gd->l.s3ind[b][1] > gd->l.npart - 1)
+                gd->l.s3ind[b][1] = gd->l.npart - 1;
+    }
+
+    /*  prepare for ATH auto adjustment:
+     *  we want to decrease the ATH by 12 dB per second
+     */
+#define  frame_duration (576. * cfg->mode_gr / sfreq)
+    gfc->ATH->decay = pow(10., -12. / 10. * frame_duration);
+    gfc->ATH->adjust_factor = 0.01; /* minimum, for leading low loudness */
+    gfc->ATH->adjust_limit = 1.0; /* on lead, allow adjust up to maximum */
+#undef  frame_duration
+
+    assert(gd->l.bo[SBMAX_l - 1] <= gd->l.npart);
+    assert(gd->s.bo[SBMAX_s - 1] <= gd->s.npart);
+
+    if (cfg->ATHtype != -1) {
+        /* compute equal loudness weights (eql_w) */
+        FLOAT freq;
+        FLOAT const freq_inc = (FLOAT) cfg->samplerate_out / (FLOAT) (BLKSIZE);
+        FLOAT eql_balance = 0.0;
+        freq = 0.0;
+        for (i = 0; i < BLKSIZE / 2; ++i) {
+            /* convert ATH dB to relative power (not dB) */
+            /*  to determine eql_w */
+            freq += freq_inc;
+            gfc->ATH->eql_w[i] = 1. / pow(10, ATHformula(cfg, freq) / 10);
+            eql_balance += gfc->ATH->eql_w[i];
+        }
+        eql_balance = 1.0 / eql_balance;
+        for (i = BLKSIZE / 2; --i >= 0;) { /* scale weights */
+            gfc->ATH->eql_w[i] *= eql_balance;
+        }
+    }
+    {
+        for (b = j = 0; b < gd->s.npart; ++b) {
+            for (i = 0; i < gd->s.numlines[b]; ++i) {
+                ++j;
+            }
+        }
+        assert(j == 129);
+        for (b = j = 0; b < gd->l.npart; ++b) {
+            for (i = 0; i < gd->l.numlines[b]; ++i) {
+                ++j;
+            }
+        }
+        assert(j == 513);
+    }
+    /* short block attack threshold */
+    {
+        float x = gfp->attackthre;
+        float y = gfp->attackthre_s;
+        if (x < 0) {
+            x = NSATTACKTHRE;
+        }
+        if (y < 0) {
+            y = NSATTACKTHRE_S;
+        }
+        gd->attack_threshold[0] = gd->attack_threshold[1] = gd->attack_threshold[2] = x;
+        gd->attack_threshold[3] = y;
+    }
+    {
+        float sk_s = -10.f, sk_l = -4.7f;
+        static float const sk[] =
+                {-7.4, -7.4, -7.4, -9.5, -7.4, -6.1, -5.5, -4.7, -4.7, -4.7, -4.7};
+        if (gfp->VBR_q < 4) {
+            sk_l = sk_s = sk[0];
+        } else {
+            sk_l = sk_s = sk[gfp->VBR_q] + gfp->VBR_q_frac * (sk[gfp->VBR_q] - sk[gfp->VBR_q + 1]);
+        }
+        b = 0;
+        for (; b < gd->s.npart; b++) {
+            float m = (float) (gd->s.npart - b) / gd->s.npart;
+            gd->s.masking_lower[b] = powf(10.f, sk_s * m * 0.1f);
+        }
+        for (; b < CBANDS; ++b) {
+            gd->s.masking_lower[b] = 1.f;
+        }
+        b = 0;
+        for (; b < gd->l.npart; b++) {
+            float m = (float) (gd->l.npart - b) / gd->l.npart;
+            gd->l.masking_lower[b] = powf(10.f, sk_l * m * 0.1f);
+        }
+        for (; b < CBANDS; ++b) {
+            gd->l.masking_lower[b] = 1.f;
+        }
+    }
+    memcpy(&gd->l_to_s, &gd->l, sizeof(gd->l_to_s));
+    init_numline(&gd->l_to_s, sfreq, BLKSIZE, 192, SBMAX_s, gfc->scalefac_band.s);
+    return 0;
+}