@pretextbook/pretext-html 0.1.0

package/assets/xsl/pretext-epub.xsl

@@ -0,0 +1,1483 @@
+<?xml version='1.0'?> <!-- As XML file -->
+<!-- http://stackoverflow.com/questions/10173139/empty-blank-namespace-declarations-being-generated-within-result-document -->
+
+<!-- http://pimpmyxslt.com/articles/entity-tricks-part2/ -->
+<!DOCTYPE xsl:stylesheet [
+    <!ENTITY % entities SYSTEM "entities.ent">
+    %entities;
+]>
+
+<!-- Building XHTML for the EPUB spec, which requires the    -->
+<!-- XHTML namespace on elements.  But since we import the   -->
+<!-- base HTML conversion, no amount of messing around can   -->
+<!-- make it happen correctly.  So we write literal elements -->
+<!-- as XML and after-the-fact we stich-up the necessary     -->
+<!-- namespace on the output files with regular expressions  -->
+<!-- in Python.  So...we have no namespace at all.           -->
+<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:pi="http://pretextbook.org/2020/pretext/internal"
+                xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" version="1.0"
+                xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
+                xmlns:math="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"
+                xmlns:epub="http://www.idpf.org/2007/ops"
+                xmlns:exsl="http://exslt.org/common"
+                xmlns:date="http://exslt.org/dates-and-times"
+                xmlns:pf="https://prefigure.org"
+                exclude-result-prefixes="pi svg math epub pf"
+                extension-element-prefixes="exsl date">
+
+<!-- Trade on HTML markup, numbering, chunking, etc. -->
+<!-- Override as pecularities of EPUB conversion arise -->
+<xsl:import href="./pretext-common.xsl" />
+<xsl:import href="./pretext-assembly.xsl" />
+<xsl:import href="./pretext-html.xsl" />
+
+<!-- TODO: free chunking level -->
+<!-- TODO: liberate GeoGebra, videos -->
+<!-- TODO: style Sage display-only code in a similar padded box -->
+
+<!-- Output as well-formed xhtml -->
+<!-- This may have no practical effect -->
+<xsl:output method="xml" encoding="UTF-8" doctype-system="about:legacy-compat" indent="no" />
+
+<!-- This variable controls representations of interactive exercises   -->
+<!-- built in  pretext-assembly.xsl.  The imported  pretext-html.xsl   -->
+<!-- stylesheet sets it to "dynamic".  But for this stylesheet we want -->
+<!-- to utilize the "standard" PreTeXt exercise versions built with    -->
+<!-- "static".  See both  pretext-assembly.xsl  and  pretext-html.xsl  -->
+<!-- for more discussion. -->
+<xsl:variable name="exercise-style" select="'static'"/>
+
+<!-- Content will go into EPUB directory           -->
+<!-- package.opf is main metadata file             -->
+<!-- (META-INF/container.xml will point to it)     -->
+<!-- Unlikely to need to change this, but we could -->
+<xsl:variable name="content-dir">
+    <xsl:text>EPUB</xsl:text>
+</xsl:variable>
+<xsl:variable name="css-dir">
+    <xsl:text>css</xsl:text>
+</xsl:variable>
+<xsl:variable name="xhtml-dir">
+    <xsl:text>xhtml</xsl:text>
+</xsl:variable>
+<xsl:variable name="package-file">
+    <xsl:text>package.opf</xsl:text>
+</xsl:variable>
+<xsl:variable name="endnote-file">
+    <xsl:text>endnotes.xhtml</xsl:text>
+</xsl:variable>
+
+<!-- The value of the unique-identifier attribute of -->
+<!-- the package element of the container file must  -->
+<!-- match the value of the id attribute of the      -->
+<!-- dc:identifier element in the metadata section   -->
+<!-- So we fix it here for uniformity                -->
+<!-- TODO: determine a better way to provide this    -->
+<xsl:variable name="uid-string">
+    <xsl:text>pub-id</xsl:text>
+</xsl:variable>
+<xsl:variable name="mock-UUID">mock-123456789-0-987654321</xsl:variable>
+
+<!-- We hard-code the chunking level.  Level 2 is the  -->
+<!-- default for books, which we presume throughout.   -->
+<!-- Specialized divisions, to the spine, assume this. -->
+<!-- NB: this override is only defined for a "book",   -->
+<!-- so when there is support for "article" it will    -->
+<!-- need new definitions.                             -->
+<xsl:variable name="chunk-level">
+    <xsl:choose>
+        <xsl:when test="$root/book/part">3</xsl:when>
+        <xsl:when test="$root/book">2</xsl:when>
+        <!-- break "article" into "section" -->
+        <xsl:when test="$root/article/section">1</xsl:when>
+        <!-- otherwise, no real divisions -->
+        <xsl:when test="$root/article">0</xsl:when>
+    </xsl:choose>
+</xsl:variable>
+
+<!-- We disable the ToC level to avoid any conflicts with chunk level -->
+<xsl:variable name="toc-level" select="number(0)" />
+
+<!-- XHTML files as output -->
+<xsl:variable name="file-extension" select="'.xhtml'" />
+
+<xsl:param name="tmpdir"/>
+<xsl:param name="mathfile"/>
+<xsl:variable name="math-repr" select="document($mathfile)/pi:math-representations"/>
+<!-- For MathML math, the "speechfile" is not used and an       -->
+<!-- empty string is passed in.  This does not seem to cause    -->
+<!-- an error here, or in any subsequent uses in the empty case -->
+<xsl:param name="speechfile"/>
+<xsl:variable name="speech-repr" select="document($speechfile)/pi:math-representations"/>
+
+<!-- One of 'svg", 'mml', 'kindle', or 'speech', always     -->
+<!-- Also 'kindle' dictates MathML output, but is primarily -->
+<!-- responsible for integrating PNG images in place of SVG -->
+<xsl:param name="math.format"/>
+
+<!-- The  mathjax_latex()  routine in  pretext.py  is parameterized    -->
+<!-- by the format of the math being generated:                        -->
+<!--     'svg', 'mml', 'nemeth', 'speech', 'kindle'                    -->
+<!-- In turn, this dictates if clause-ending punctuation is absorbed   -->
+<!-- into the math or not:                                             -->
+<!--     'svg', 'mml', 'kindle' -> absorbed into display math only     -->
+<!--     'nemeth', 'speech'     -> never absorbed                      -->
+<!-- For this stylesheet, which consumes this math, we need to set     -->
+<!-- the matching behavior for the adjacent text nodes via an override -->
+<!-- of the global  math.punctuation.include  variable.                -->
+<xsl:variable name="math.punctuation.include">
+    <xsl:choose>
+        <xsl:when test="($math.format = 'svg') or ($math.format = 'mml') or ($math.format = 'kindle')">
+            <xsl:text>display</xsl:text>
+        </xsl:when>
+        <xsl:when test="($math.format = 'speech')">
+            <xsl:text>none</xsl:text>
+        </xsl:when>
+    </xsl:choose>
+</xsl:variable>
+
+<!-- For WeBWorK in EPUB, we force WeBWorK to be static -->
+<xsl:variable name="b-webwork-inline-static" select="true()" />
+<xsl:variable name="b-webwork-divisional-static" select="true()" />
+<xsl:variable name="b-webwork-reading-static" select="true()" />
+<xsl:variable name="b-webwork-worksheet-static" select="true()" />
+
+<!-- Kindle needs various tweaks, way beyond just math as MathML -->
+<!-- and PNG images.  So a misnomer to call it a "math format",  -->
+<!-- but a a boolean sure helps                                  -->
+<xsl:variable name="b-kindle" select="$math.format = 'kindle'"/>
+
+<!-- If there are footnotes, we'll build and package a "endnotes.xhtml" file -->
+<xsl:variable name="b-has-endnotes" select="boolean($document-root//fn|$document-root//aside|$document-root//biographical|$document-root//historical)"/>
+
+<xsl:variable name="endnotes-have-math">
+    <xsl:if test="$b-has-endnotes">
+        <xsl:choose>
+            <xsl:when test="$document-root//fn//m">
+                <xsl:text>true</xsl:text>
+            </xsl:when>
+            <xsl:when test="$document-root//aside//m or
+                            $document-root//aside//md[mrow]">
+                <xsl:text>true</xsl:text>
+            </xsl:when>
+            <xsl:when test="$document-root//biographical//m or
+                            $document-root//biographical//md[mrow]">
+                <xsl:text>true</xsl:text>
+            </xsl:when>
+            <xsl:when test="$document-root//historical//m or
+                            $document-root//historical//md[mrow]">
+                <xsl:text>true</xsl:text>
+            </xsl:when>
+        </xsl:choose>
+    </xsl:if>
+</xsl:variable>
+
+<xsl:variable name="b-endnotes-have-math" select="$endnotes-have-math = 'true'"/>
+
+<!-- Disable clipboardable -->
+<xsl:template name="insert-clipboardable-class"/>
+
+<!-- Printables -->
+<!-- Worksheets and handouts get a near-duplicate HTML file designed for printing.  -->
+<!-- That is initiated very close to the entry template via a named template        -->
+<!-- "make-printout-printables".  We explicitly *do not* include any call to this   -->
+<!-- template in the entry template here, so these pages are not built (good).      -->
+<!-- But we do get little buttons to elect a printable version.  We have to kill    -->
+<!-- those buttons, since EPUB wants to go looking for the printable-version files. -->
+<xsl:template match="worksheet|handout" mode="standalone-printout-links"/>
+
+
+<!-- ############## -->
+<!-- Entry Template -->
+<!-- ############## -->
+
+<!-- Deprecation warnings are universal analysis of source and parameters   -->
+<!-- There is always a "document root" directly under the root element,     -->
+<!-- and we process it with the chunking template called below              -->
+<!-- Note that "docinfo" is at the same level and not structural, so killed -->
+<xsl:template match="/">
+    <!-- no hope for an "article" so fail immediately, with warning -->
+    <xsl:if test="not($b-is-book or $b-is-article)">
+        <xsl:call-template name="banner-warning">
+            <xsl:with-param name="warning">PTX:FATAL: EPUB creation is only implemented for a "book" or an "article",&#xa;not a "<xsl:value-of select="local-name($document-root)"/>", and we cannot recover</xsl:with-param>
+        </xsl:call-template>
+        <xsl:message terminate="yes">Quitting...</xsl:message>
+    </xsl:if>
+    <!-- analyze authored source -->
+    <xsl:apply-templates select="$original" mode="generic-warnings"/>
+    <xsl:apply-templates select="$original" mode="element-deprecation-warnings"/>
+    <xsl:apply-templates select="$original" mode="parameter-deprecation-warnings"/>
+    <!-- Following should use $root or $document-root as defined -->
+    <!-- by the "assembly" template.  Checked 2020-07-16.        -->
+    <xsl:call-template name="setup" />
+    <xsl:apply-templates select="$root"/>
+    <xsl:call-template name="package-document" />
+    <xsl:call-template name="packaging-info"/>
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- First, we use the frontmatter element to trigger various necessary files     -->
+<!-- We process structural nodes via chunking routine in  xsl/mathbook-common.xsl -->
+<!-- This in turn calls specific modal templates defined elsewhere in this file   -->
+<xsl:template match="/pretext">
+    <xsl:apply-templates select="$document-root//frontmatter" mode="epub" />
+    <xsl:call-template name="endnotes"/>
+    <xsl:apply-templates mode="chunking" />
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- ################ -->
+<!-- Structural Nodes -->
+<!-- ################ -->
+
+<!-- Read the code and documentation for "chunking" in xsl/pretext-common.xsl -->
+
+<!-- Normally a "conclusion" would be on a "summary" page, or a -->
+<!-- component of the page for its containing division.  In the -->
+<!-- EPUB conversion with "chapter" having "section" it gets an -->
+<!-- HTML page of its own as part of the "summary" hack.  Ditto -->
+<!-- for "outcomes" which might appear in a different order.    -->
+<xsl:template match="&STRUCTURAL;|chapter/conclusion|chapter/outcomes[preceding-sibling::section]" mode="file-wrap">
+    <xsl:param name="content" />
+    <xsl:variable name="file">
+        <xsl:value-of select="$content-dir" />
+        <xsl:text>/</xsl:text>
+        <xsl:value-of select="$xhtml-dir" />
+        <xsl:text>/</xsl:text>
+        <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="containing-filename" />
+    </xsl:variable>
+    <!-- do not use "doctype-system" here        -->
+    <!-- do not create faux <!DOCTYPE html> here -->
+    <!-- NB:  If we add  xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"  to <html> here, -->
+    <!-- then we get plenty of top-level-ish  xmlns="" which do not validate   -->
+    <!-- Any XML declaration seems to get scrubbed by the MathJax processing   -->
+    <!-- (converted to a comment), so we explicitly suppress it here, and in   -->
+    <!-- other exsl:document uses.                                             -->
+    <exsl:document href="{$file}" method="xml" omit-xml-declaration="yes" encoding="UTF-8" indent="no">
+        <html>
+            <xsl:call-template name="html-theme-attributes"/>
+            <head>
+                <xsl:text>&#xa;</xsl:text> <!-- a little formatting help -->
+                <xsl:call-template name="converter-blurb-html" />
+                <xsl:call-template name="epub-kindle-css"/>
+                <title>
+                    <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="type-name-number" />
+                </title>
+            </head>
+            <!-- use class to repurpose HTML CSS work -->
+            <body class="ptx-content epub">
+                <xsl:copy-of select="$content" />
+                <!-- Copy MathJax's font information to the bottom -->
+                <xsl:copy-of select="document($mathfile)/pi:math-representations/svg:svg[@id='font-data']"/>
+            </body>
+        </html>
+    </exsl:document>
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- The book element gets mined in various ways,            -->
+<!-- but the "usual" HTML treatment can/should be thrown out -->
+<!-- At fixed level 2, this is a summary page from an        -->
+<!-- intermediate node, so we kill it                        -->
+<xsl:template match="book" mode="intermediate" />
+
+<!-- This seems a bit dangerous, but this content is fairly small -->
+<!-- and they are going into their own files.  So it seems the    -->
+<!-- right thing to do, while making minimal changes elsewhere.   -->
+<xsl:template match="chapter/conclusion|chapter/outcomes[preceding-sibling::section]" mode="containing-filename">
+    <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="visible-id"/>
+    <xsl:text>.xhtml</xsl:text>
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- If a "book" has some "chapter" subdivided by "section" then -->
+<!-- at a chunking level of 2, the "chapter" is an intermediate  -->
+<!-- node and will produce a "summary" page.  We implement that  -->
+<!-- to produce content that is a faux chapter that is just the  -->
+<!-- heading and the lead-in material.  Anything after the last  -->
+<!-- division (conclusion, outcomes) will create s of their own, -->
+<!-- which will appear as a continuation/ending of the chapter.  -->
+<!-- NB: based on version in  pretext-html.xsl                   -->
+<xsl:template match="frontmatter|chapter|appendix" mode="intermediate">
+    <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="file-wrap">
+        <xsl:with-param name="content">
+            <!-- location info for debugging efforts -->
+            <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="debug-location" />
+            <!-- Heading, div for this structural subdivision -->
+            <section class="{local-name(.)}">
+                <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="html-id-attribute"/>
+                <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="section-heading" />
+                <xsl:apply-templates select="author|objectives|introduction|titlepage|abstract" />
+                <!-- deleted "nav" and summary links here -->
+            </section>
+            <xsl:if test="conclusion">
+                <xsl:apply-templates select="conclusion" mode="file-wrap">
+                    <xsl:with-param name="content">
+                        <xsl:apply-templates select="conclusion"/>
+                    </xsl:with-param>
+                </xsl:apply-templates>
+            </xsl:if>
+            <xsl:if test="outcomes">
+                <xsl:apply-templates select="outcomes" mode="file-wrap">
+                    <xsl:with-param name="content">
+                        <xsl:apply-templates select="outcomes"/>
+                    </xsl:with-param>
+                </xsl:apply-templates>
+            </xsl:if>
+        </xsl:with-param>
+    </xsl:apply-templates>
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- At level 2, the backmatter summary is useless, since it is  -->
+<!-- all links, so just kill the intermediate chunking template.  -->
+<!-- Also do not include entries in the manifest or spine. -->
+<xsl:template match="backmatter" mode="intermediate" />
+
+
+
+<!-- ##################### -->
+<!-- Setup, Infrastructure -->
+<!-- ##################### -->
+
+<!-- The two fixed files of any EPUB                        -->
+<!-- (1) mimetype at top-level with prescribed content      -->
+<!-- (2) META-INF/container.xml with one variable attribute -->
+<xsl:template name="setup">
+    <!-- No carriage return at the end (20 byte file) -->
+    <exsl:document href="mimetype" method="text">
+        <xsl:text>application/epub+zip</xsl:text>
+    </exsl:document>
+    <!-- Do not use "doctype-system" here                            -->
+    <!-- Automatically writes XML header at version 1.0, no encoding -->
+    <!-- Points to OPF metadata file (in two variables)              -->
+    <exsl:document href="META-INF/container.xml" method="xml" omit-xml-declaration="yes" indent="no">
+        <container version="1.0" xmlns="urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:container">
+            <rootfiles>
+                <rootfile full-path="{$content-dir}/{$package-file}" media-type="application/oebps-package+xml" />
+            </rootfiles>
+        </container>
+    </exsl:document>
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- ############################## -->
+<!-- EPUB 3.0 Package Document file -->
+<!-- ############################## -->
+
+<!-- The primary index into various files -->
+<xsl:template name="package-document">
+    <!-- Must be XML, UTF-8/16            -->
+    <!-- Required on package: version, id -->
+    <!-- Trying with no encoding, Gitden rejects? -->
+    <exsl:document href="{$content-dir}/{$package-file}" method="xml" omit-xml-declaration="yes" indent="no">
+        <package xmlns="http://www.idpf.org/2007/opf"
+                 unique-identifier="{$uid-string}" version="3.0">
+            <xsl:call-template name="package-metadata" />
+            <xsl:call-template name="package-manifest" />
+            <xsl:call-template name="package-spine" />
+        </package>
+    </exsl:document>
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- Honest to goodness metadata, no attributes     -->
+<!-- Required first child of  package  element      -->
+<!-- Required: dc:identifier, dc:title, dc:language -->
+<!-- TODO: add publisher etc from Dublin Core           -->
+<!-- TODO: see rights info handling in FCLA EPUB sample -->
+<xsl:template name="package-metadata">
+    <metadata xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns="http://www.idpf.org/2007/opf">
+        <!-- Optional in EPUB 3.0.1 spec -->
+        <xsl:for-each select="$bibinfo/author|$bibinfo/editor">
+            <xsl:element name="dc:creator">
+                <xsl:apply-templates select="personname"/>
+            </xsl:element>
+        </xsl:for-each>
+        <!-- Required in EPUB 3.0.1 spec       -->
+        <!-- TODO: title-types can refine this -->
+        <xsl:element name="dc:title">
+            <xsl:apply-templates select="$document-root" mode="title-full" />
+        </xsl:element>
+        <!-- Required in EPUB 3.0.1 spec                -->
+        <!-- Repeatable and more complicated, see spec  -->
+        <!-- id must match attribute on package element -->
+        <xsl:element name="dc:identifier">
+            <xsl:attribute name="id">
+                <xsl:value-of select="$uid-string" />
+            </xsl:attribute>
+            <xsl:value-of select="$mock-UUID" />
+        </xsl:element>
+        <!-- Required in EPUB 3.0.1 spec         -->
+        <!-- Also needed for Kindle conversion   -->
+        <!-- Codes according to RFC5646,         -->
+        <!-- our double form, eg en-US, seems OK -->
+        <xsl:element name="dc:language">
+            <xsl:value-of select="$document-language" />
+        </xsl:element>
+        <!-- Required in EPUB 3.0.1 spec    -->
+        <!-- Drop time zone, replace with Z -->
+        <!-- This is then a mild fiction    -->
+        <xsl:element name="meta">
+            <xsl:attribute name="property">
+                <xsl:text>dcterms:modified</xsl:text>
+            </xsl:attribute>
+            <xsl:value-of select="substring(date:date-time(),1,19)" />
+            <xsl:text>Z</xsl:text>
+        </xsl:element>
+        <meta name="cover" content="{$xhtml-dir}/{$epub-cover-dest}" />
+    </metadata>
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- manifest element required as second element of package    -->
+<!-- a list of empty  item  elements (order unimportant),      -->
+<!-- Each item has                                             -->
+<!--    Required: id, for spine ordering                       -->
+<!--    Required: href, absolute or relative                   -->
+<!--    Required: media-type, critical (see PNG/JPG for cover) -->
+<!-- Exactly one item has the "nav" property                   -->
+<xsl:template name="package-manifest">
+    <!-- cruise all objects within source via modal template -->
+    <!-- relevant objects report themselves and then recurse -->
+    <!-- create as a legitimate node-set for post-filtering  -->
+    <xsl:variable name="discovery">
+        <xsl:apply-templates select="$document-root" mode="manifest"/>
+    </xsl:variable>
+    <xsl:variable name="discovery-manifest" select="exsl:node-set($discovery)"/>
+    <!-- start "manifest" with one-off items -->
+    <manifest xmlns="http://www.idpf.org/2007/opf">
+        <xsl:choose>
+            <xsl:when test="$b-kindle">
+                <item id="css-kindle" href="{$css-dir}/kindle.css" media-type="text/css"/>
+            </xsl:when>
+            <xsl:otherwise>
+                <item id="css-epub" href="{$css-dir}/epub.css" media-type="text/css"/>
+            </xsl:otherwise>
+        </xsl:choose>
+        <item id="cover-page" href="{$xhtml-dir}/cover-page.xhtml" media-type="application/xhtml+xml"/>
+        <item id="table-contents"
+              href="{$xhtml-dir}/table-contents.xhtml"
+              media-type="application/xhtml+xml">
+            <!-- TODO: If the TOC expands to include more than -->
+            <!-- chapter and appendix, this will need revision. -->
+            <xsl:attribute name="properties">
+                <xsl:choose>
+                    <xsl:when test="($b-is-book and ($document-root//chapter/title/m or $document-root//appendix/title/m))">
+                    <xsl:choose>
+                            <xsl:when test="$math.format = 'mml' or
+                                            $math.format = 'kindle'">
+                                <xsl:text>nav mathml</xsl:text>
+                            </xsl:when>
+                            <xsl:when test="$math.format = 'svg'">
+                                <xsl:text>nav svg</xsl:text>
+                            </xsl:when>
+                        </xsl:choose>
+                    </xsl:when>
+                    <xsl:otherwise>
+                        <xsl:text>nav</xsl:text>
+                    </xsl:otherwise>
+                </xsl:choose>
+            </xsl:attribute>
+        </item>
+        <item id="cover-image" href="{$xhtml-dir}/{$epub-cover-dest}" properties="cover-image">
+            <xsl:attribute name="media-type">
+                <xsl:variable name="extension">
+                    <xsl:call-template name="file-extension">
+                        <xsl:with-param name="filename" select="$epub-cover-dest" />
+                    </xsl:call-template>
+                </xsl:variable>
+                <xsl:choose>
+                    <xsl:when test="$extension='png'">
+                        <xsl:text>image/png</xsl:text>
+                    </xsl:when>
+                    <xsl:when test="$extension='jpeg' or $extension='jpg'">
+                        <xsl:text>image/jpeg</xsl:text>
+                    </xsl:when>
+                </xsl:choose>
+            </xsl:attribute>
+        </item>
+        <!-- cruise found objects, including comments we generate to help debug       -->
+        <!-- NB: * could be just "item", but we generally want all elements           -->
+        <!-- Strategy: compare @href of each candidate item with the @href of each    -->
+        <!-- preceding item, and only copy into the result tree if the @href is "new" -->
+        <!-- Duplication removal inspired by:                                         -->
+        <!-- XSLT Cookbook, 2nd Edition, Copyright 2006, O'Reilly Media, Inc.         -->
+        <!-- Recipe 5.1, Ignoring Duplicate Elements                                  -->
+        <!-- www.oreilly.com/library/view/xslt-cookbook/0596003722/ch04s03.html       -->
+        <xsl:for-each select="($discovery-manifest/*|$discovery-manifest/comment())[not(@href = preceding::*/@href)]">
+            <xsl:copy-of select="."/>
+        </xsl:for-each>
+        <xsl:if test="$b-has-endnotes">
+            <item id="endnotes" href="{$xhtml-dir}/{$endnote-file}"
+                  media-type="application/xhtml+xml">
+                <xsl:if test="$b-endnotes-have-math">
+                    <xsl:attribute name="properties">
+                        <xsl:choose>
+                            <xsl:when test="$math.format = 'mml' or
+                                            $math.format = 'kindle'">
+                                <xsl:text>mathml</xsl:text>
+                            </xsl:when>
+                            <xsl:when test="$math.format = 'svg'">
+                                <xsl:text>svg</xsl:text>
+                            </xsl:when>
+                        </xsl:choose>
+                    </xsl:attribute>
+                </xsl:if>
+            </item>
+        </xsl:if>
+    </manifest>
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- Traverse elements only in subtree, looking for   -->
+<!-- items that will be files to list in the manifest -->
+<xsl:template match="*" mode="manifest">
+    <xsl:apply-templates select="*" mode="manifest" />
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- Build an empty item element for each CHAPTER, -->
+<!-- FRONTMATTER, BACKMATTER, -->
+<!-- Don't include "backmatter", all summary       -->
+<!-- recurse into contents for image files, etc    -->
+<!-- See "Core Media Type Resources"               -->
+<!-- Add to spine identically                      -->
+<!-- Specialized divisions are terminal in back    -->
+<!-- matter, and only a separate file when within  -->
+<!-- a "chapter", at level 2                       -->
+<xsl:template match="frontmatter|colophon|biography|dedication|acknowledgement|preface|chapter|chapter/conclusion|chapter/outcomes[preceding-sibling::section]|appendix|index|section|exercises|chapter/reading-questions|chapter/solutions|appendix/solutions|backmatter/solutions|chapter/references|appendix/references|backmatter/references" mode="manifest">
+    <!-- Annotate manifest entries -->
+    <xsl:comment>
+        <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="long-name" />
+    </xsl:comment>
+    <!-- one  item  element per chapter -->
+    <xsl:element name="item" xmlns="http://www.idpf.org/2007/opf">
+        <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="html-id-attribute"/>
+        <!-- properties are iff, so validator complains if extra -->
+        <!-- condition on math presence for svg/mathml property  -->
+        <!-- TODO: use a parameter switch for output style       -->
+        <!-- Study: https://github.com/w3c/epubcheck/issues/420  -->
+        <!-- Processing with page2svg makes it appear SVG images exist -->
+        <!-- Set properties="svg" or properties="mathml" when a -->
+        <!-- file contains math in one of thse formats. -->
+        <!-- There are simply too many edge cases to do this -->
+        <!-- based on document structure alone, so read the actual -->
+        <!-- XHTML files we've already written and look for svg -->
+        <!-- or math tags in them. -->
+        <xsl:variable name="has-math">
+            <xsl:variable name="contents-filename">
+                <xsl:value-of select="$tmpdir" />
+                <xsl:text>/</xsl:text>
+                <xsl:value-of select="$content-dir" />
+                <xsl:text>/</xsl:text>
+                <xsl:value-of select="$xhtml-dir" />
+                <xsl:text>/</xsl:text>
+                <xsl:apply-templates select="."
+                                     mode="containing-filename"/>
+            </xsl:variable>
+            <xsl:variable name="filedata"
+                          select="document($contents-filename)"/>
+            <xsl:choose>
+                <xsl:when test="$filedata//svg:svg|$filedata//math:math">
+                    <xsl:text>true</xsl:text>
+                </xsl:when>
+                <xsl:otherwise>
+                    <xsl:text>false</xsl:text>
+                </xsl:otherwise>
+            </xsl:choose>
+        </xsl:variable>
+        <xsl:variable name="b-has-math" select="$has-math = 'true'" />
+        <xsl:if test="$b-has-math">
+            <xsl:attribute name="properties">
+                <xsl:choose>
+                    <xsl:when test="$math.format = 'mml' or $math.format = 'kindle'">
+                        <xsl:text>mathml</xsl:text>
+                    </xsl:when>
+                    <xsl:when test="$math.format = 'svg'">
+                        <xsl:text>svg</xsl:text>
+                    </xsl:when>
+                </xsl:choose>
+            </xsl:attribute>
+        </xsl:if>
+        <!-- TODO: coordinate with manifest/script on xhtml extension -->
+        <xsl:attribute name="href">
+            <xsl:value-of select="$xhtml-dir" />
+            <xsl:text>/</xsl:text>
+            <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="containing-filename" />
+        </xsl:attribute>
+        <xsl:attribute name="media-type">
+            <xsl:text>application/xhtml+xml</xsl:text>
+        </xsl:attribute>
+    </xsl:element>
+    <!-- recurse, eg from chapter down into a section -->
+    <xsl:apply-templates select="*" mode="manifest" />
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- How the files are organized into the spine  -->
+<!-- Book opens to first time linear="no"        -->
+<!-- Each must reference an id in the manifest   -->
+<xsl:template name="package-spine">
+    <spine xmlns="http://www.idpf.org/2007/opf">
+        <itemref idref="cover-page" linear="yes" />
+        <itemref idref="table-contents" linear="yes"/>
+        <xsl:apply-templates select="$document-root" mode="spine" />
+        <xsl:if test="$b-has-endnotes">
+            <itemref idref="endnotes" linear="no" />
+        </xsl:if>
+    </spine>
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- Traverse subtree, looking for items to include  -->
+<xsl:template match="*" mode="spine">
+    <xsl:apply-templates select="*" mode="spine" />
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- Simplest scenario is spine matches manifest, all with @linear="yes" -->
+<!-- Specialized divisions will only become files in the manifest at     -->
+<!-- chunk level 2, in other words, peers of chapters or sections        -->
+<!-- (book or chapter/appendix as parent, respectively)                  -->
+<xsl:template match="frontmatter|colophon|acknowledgement|biography|dedication|preface|chapter|appendix|index|section|exercises[parent::book|parent::chapter|parent::appendix]|reading-questions[parent::book|parent::chapter|parent::appendix]|chapter/solutions|appendix/solutions|backmatter/solutions|chapter/references|appendix/references|backmatter/references|glossary[parent::book|parent::chapter|parent::appendix]|conclusion[parent::chapter]|outcomes[preceding-sibling::section]" mode="spine">
+    <xsl:element name="itemref" xmlns="http://www.idpf.org/2007/opf">
+        <xsl:attribute name="idref">
+            <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="html-id" />
+        </xsl:attribute>
+        <xsl:attribute name="linear">
+            <xsl:text>yes</xsl:text>
+        </xsl:attribute>
+    </xsl:element>
+    <xsl:apply-templates select="*" mode="spine" />
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- This template writes out some information necessary     -->
+<!-- for successful organization of the necessary files to   -->
+<!-- make a complete package for the eventual EPUB.  This is -->
+<!-- the actual output of the stylesheet itself.  There is   -->
+<!-- no namespace information, so when the Python script     -->
+<!-- gets this, there is no need for any namespace           -->
+<!-- provisions with the  lxml  library.                     -->
+<!--                                                         -->
+<!-- Each image filename is a legitimate image in use in the -->
+<!-- EPUB XHTML, but the filename may be duplicated is used  -->
+<!-- more than once.  That is OK, the only inefficiency is   -->
+<!-- that it will simply be copied onto itself.              -->
+<xsl:template name="packaging-info">
+    <packaging>
+        <filename>
+            <!-- for actual EPUB file eventually output -->
+            <xsl:apply-templates select="$document-root" mode="title-filesafe"/>
+        </filename>
+        <!-- Information about the cover file to transmit to the Python build routine -->
+        <cover source="{$epub-cover-source}" dest="{$epub-cover-dest}">
+            <!-- yes/no on if the authored provided a custom image file -->
+            <xsl:attribute name="authored-cover">
+                <xsl:choose>
+                    <xsl:when test="$b-authored-cover">
+                        <xsl:text>yes</xsl:text>
+                    </xsl:when>
+                    <xsl:otherwise>
+                        <xsl:text>no</xsl:text>
+                    </xsl:otherwise>
+                </xsl:choose>
+            </xsl:attribute>
+        </cover>
+        <!-- These may be used in automated creation of a cover image -->
+        <title>
+            <xsl:apply-templates select="$document-root" mode="title-simple"/>
+        </title>
+        <subtitle>
+            <xsl:apply-templates select="$document-root" mode="subtitle"/>
+        </subtitle>
+        <author>
+            <xsl:apply-templates select="$bibinfo/author" mode="name-list"/>
+        </author>
+        <!-- Decide what to do with preview images, etc. -->
+        <images>
+            <xsl:for-each select="$document-root//image">
+                <image>
+                    <!-- filename begins with directories from publisher file -->
+                    <xsl:attribute name="sourcename">
+                        <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="epub-base-filename">
+                            <xsl:with-param name="purpose" select="'read'"/>
+                        </xsl:apply-templates>
+                    </xsl:attribute>
+                    <xsl:attribute name="filename">
+                        <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="epub-base-filename">
+                            <xsl:with-param name="purpose" select="'write'"/>
+                        </xsl:apply-templates>
+                    </xsl:attribute>
+                </image>
+            </xsl:for-each>
+        </images>
+    </packaging>
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- Include the appropriate CSS file depending on output -->
+<xsl:template name="epub-kindle-css">
+    <xsl:choose>
+        <xsl:when test="$b-kindle">
+            <link href="../{$css-dir}/kindle.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"/>
+        </xsl:when>
+        <xsl:otherwise>
+            <link href="../{$css-dir}/epub.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"/>
+        </xsl:otherwise>
+    </xsl:choose>
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- ############# -->
+<!-- Content files -->
+<!-- ############# -->
+
+<!-- "coverpage.html" comes in two flavors:                            -->
+<!--                                                                   -->
+<!-- 1.  An author provides a cover image via the publication file and -->
+<!--     then this page has no need of any CSS and the body has a      -->
+<!--     very specific (short) form. -->
+<!--                                                                   -->
+<!-- 2.  No cover image is provided by the author.  The core Python    -->
+<!--     routines will try very hard to build a simple generic image,  -->
+<!--     very similar (but not identical) to what we create here.  But -->
+<!--     that process can fail, and when it does, various packaging    -->
+<!--     here is backed out.  More immediately, we build a simple page -->
+<!--     (with CSS) having title, subtitle, and authors.               -->
+
+<xsl:template match="frontmatter" mode="epub">
+    <exsl:document href="{$content-dir}/{$xhtml-dir}/cover-page.xhtml" method="xml" omit-xml-declaration="yes" encoding="UTF-8" indent="no">
+        <html>
+            <xsl:call-template name="html-theme-attributes"/>
+            <!-- head element should not be empty -->
+            <head>
+                <meta charset="utf-8"/>
+                <title>
+                    <xsl:apply-templates select="$document-root" mode="title-full"/>
+                </title>
+                <xsl:if test="not($b-authored-cover)">
+                    <xsl:call-template name="epub-kindle-css"/>
+                </xsl:if>
+            </head>
+            <body class="ptx-content epub">
+                <xsl:choose>
+                    <xsl:when test="$b-authored-cover">
+                        <section epub:type="cover">
+                            <!-- https://ebookflightdeck.com/handbook/coverimage   -->
+                            <img src="{$epub-cover-dest}" alt="cover image"/>
+                        </section>
+                    </xsl:when>
+                    <xsl:otherwise>
+                        <section epub:type="cover" class="frontmatter">
+                            <h1 class="heading">
+                                <span class="title">
+                                    <xsl:apply-templates select="$document-root" mode="title-full" />
+                                    <xsl:if test="$document-root/subtitle">
+                                        <xsl:text>:</xsl:text>
+                                    </xsl:if>
+                                </span>
+                                <xsl:if test="$document-root/subtitle">
+                                    <xsl:text> </xsl:text>
+                                    <span class="subtitle">
+                                        <xsl:apply-templates select="$document-root" mode="subtitle" />
+                                    </span>
+                                </xsl:if>
+                            </h1>
+                            <div class="author">
+                                <div class="author-name">
+                                    <xsl:apply-templates select="$bibinfo/author" mode="name-list"/>
+                                </div>
+                            </div>
+                        </section>
+                    </xsl:otherwise>
+                </xsl:choose>
+            </body>
+        </html>
+    </exsl:document>
+    <exsl:document href="{$content-dir}/{$xhtml-dir}/table-contents.xhtml" method="xml" omit-xml-declaration="yes" encoding="UTF-8" indent="no">
+        <html xmlns:epub="http://www.idpf.org/2007/ops">
+            <xsl:call-template name="html-theme-attributes"/>
+            <head>
+                <meta charset="utf-8"/>
+                <xsl:call-template name="epub-kindle-css"/>
+                <title>Table of Contents</title>
+            </head>
+            <body class="ptx-content epub" epub:type="frontmatter">
+                <nav epub:type="toc" id="toc">
+                    <h1>Table of Contents</h1>
+                    <ol>
+                        <!-- top-level divisions, for a book -->
+                        <xsl:for-each select="$document-root/chapter[$b-is-book]|$document-root/section[$b-is-article]">
+                            <li>
+                                <xsl:element name="a">
+                                    <xsl:attribute name="href">
+                                        <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="containing-filename" />
+                                    </xsl:attribute>
+                                    <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="title-simple" />
+                                </xsl:element>
+                            </li>
+                        </xsl:for-each>
+                        <!-- following divisions identical for book v. article -->
+                        <xsl:if test="$document-root/backmatter/appendix|$document-root/backmatter/solutions">
+                            <li class="no-marker">
+                                <span>Appendices</span>
+                                <ol type="A">
+                                    <xsl:for-each select="$document-root/backmatter/appendix|$document-root/backmatter/solutions">
+                                        <li>
+                                            <xsl:element name="a">
+                                                <xsl:attribute name="href">
+                                                    <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="containing-filename" />
+                                                </xsl:attribute>
+                                                <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="title-simple" />
+                                            </xsl:element>
+                                        </li>
+                                    </xsl:for-each>
+                                </ol>
+                            </li>
+                        </xsl:if>
+                        <xsl:for-each select="$document-root/backmatter/references|$document-root/backmatter/index">
+                            <li class="no-marker">
+                                <xsl:element name="a">
+                                    <xsl:attribute name="href">
+                                        <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="containing-filename" />
+                                    </xsl:attribute>
+                                    <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="title-simple" />
+                                </xsl:element>
+                            </li>
+                        </xsl:for-each>
+                    </ol>
+                </nav>
+            </body>
+        </html>
+    </exsl:document>
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- An abstract named template accepts input text and   -->
+<!-- output text, then wraps it for the Sage Cell Server -->
+<xsl:template match="sage" mode="sage-active-markup">
+    <xsl:param name="in" />
+    <xsl:param name="out" />
+    <xsl:if test="$in!=''">
+        <pre class="code input">
+            <xsl:value-of select="$in" />
+        </pre>
+    </xsl:if>
+    <xsl:if test="$out!=''">
+        <pre class="code output">
+            <xsl:value-of select="$out" />
+        </pre>
+    </xsl:if>
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- An abstract named template accepts input text   -->
+<!-- and provides the display class, so untouchable  -->
+<xsl:template name="sage-display-markup">
+    <xsl:param name="in" />
+    <xsl:if test="$in!=''">
+        <pre>
+            <xsl:value-of select="$in" />
+        </pre>
+    </xsl:if>
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- ###### -->
+<!-- Images -->
+<!-- ###### -->
+
+<!-- We assume each image is a raster image or an SVG -->
+<!-- Raster:      @source has an extension (eg PNG)   -->
+<!-- Vector/SVG:  @source, no extension               -->
+<!-- Code:        eg image/asymptote                  -->
+<!-- Need to add to manifest accurately,              -->
+<!-- and also include into source                     -->
+
+<!-- Base filename for an image,  -->
+<!-- mostly handling the @source case -->
+
+<!-- Parametrized by "read": -->
+<!-- 'read' produces path to source file in input folder tree -->
+<!-- 'write' produces path to file in output folder tree      -->
+<xsl:template match="image" mode="epub-base-filename">
+    <xsl:param name="purpose"/>
+
+    <xsl:choose>
+        <xsl:when test="@source">
+            <xsl:variable name="extension">
+                <xsl:call-template name="file-extension">
+                    <xsl:with-param name="filename" select="@source" />
+                </xsl:call-template>
+            </xsl:variable>
+            <!-- PDF LaTeX, SVG HTML, PNG Kindle if not indicated -->
+            <xsl:choose>
+                <xsl:when test="$purpose = 'read'">
+                    <xsl:value-of select="$external-directory-source"/>
+                </xsl:when>
+                <xsl:when test="$purpose = 'write'">
+                    <xsl:value-of select="$external-directory"/>
+                </xsl:when>
+            </xsl:choose>
+            <xsl:apply-templates select="@source" />
+            <xsl:if test="$extension=''">
+                <xsl:call-template name="best-file-extension"/>
+            </xsl:if>
+        </xsl:when>
+        <!-- Various interactive bits get static images as replacements for    -->
+        <!-- interactivity and become images with filenames relative to the    -->
+        <!-- *generated* directories, and hence are of predictable image types -->
+        <!--                                                                   -->
+        <!-- Audio, Video, Interactive: automatic screenshot preview, PNG      -->
+        <!-- Audio, Video, Interactive: QR code, PNG                           -->
+        <!-- Video Play Button (FigLeaf):  PNG stock image                     -->
+        <!-- YouTube: provided video preview, JPG                              -->
+        <!--                                                                   -->
+        <!-- Author-supplied images to be used as previews for audio, video,   -->
+        <!-- and interactive become  image/@source  and so are handled above   -->
+        <!-- and are "external", not "generated"                               -->
+        <xsl:when test="@pi:generated">
+            <xsl:variable name="extension">
+                <xsl:call-template name="file-extension">
+                    <xsl:with-param name="filename" select="@pi:generated" />
+                </xsl:call-template>
+            </xsl:variable>
+            <xsl:choose>
+                <xsl:when test="$purpose = 'read'">
+                    <xsl:value-of select="$generated-directory-source"/>
+                </xsl:when>
+                <xsl:when test="$purpose = 'write'">
+                    <xsl:value-of select="$generated-directory"/>
+                </xsl:when>
+            </xsl:choose>
+            <!-- Maybe with an extension and OK.  If not, -->
+            <!-- we provide a good extension right now.   -->
+            <xsl:value-of select="@pi:generated"/>
+            <!-- MOM generated files come extensionless since   -->
+            <!-- we/MOM can make them in all desirable formats, -->
+            <!-- so we switch on Kindle or not.                 -->
+            <xsl:if test="$extension = ''">
+                <xsl:call-template name="best-file-extension"/>
+            </xsl:if>
+        </xsl:when>
+        <xsl:when test="latex-image|sageplot|asymptote|mermaid|pf:prefigure">
+            <xsl:choose>
+                <xsl:when test="$purpose = 'read'">
+                    <xsl:value-of select="$generated-directory-source"/>
+                </xsl:when>
+                <xsl:when test="$purpose = 'write'">
+                    <xsl:value-of select="$generated-directory"/>
+                </xsl:when>
+            </xsl:choose>
+            <!-- All of the following "source language" images should     -->
+            <!-- be available as vector graphics, and thus in SVG format, -->
+            <!-- or convertible to SVG format.  We prefer SVG format.     -->
+            <!-- However, Kindle is hostile to SVG, so we need to also    -->
+            <!-- have PNG versions.                                       -->
+            <xsl:choose>
+                <xsl:when test="latex-image">
+                    <xsl:text>latex-image/</xsl:text>
+                    <xsl:apply-templates select="latex-image" mode="image-source-basename"/>
+                    <xsl:call-template name="best-file-extension"/>
+                </xsl:when>
+                <!-- A 2D "sageplot" is just like any other image built from source -->
+                <xsl:when test="sageplot[not(@variant) or (@variant = '2d')]">
+                    <xsl:text>sageplot/</xsl:text>
+                    <xsl:apply-templates select="sageplot" mode="image-source-basename"/>
+                    <xsl:call-template name="best-file-extension"/>
+                </xsl:when>
+                <!-- NB: a 3D "sageplot" only comes in PNG and HTML variants, -->
+                <!-- so we cannot manufacture the preferable SVG version,     -->
+                <!-- and the PNG is just fine for a Kindle build, so we do    -->
+                <!-- not have to condition on a Kindle build.                 -->
+                <xsl:when test="sageplot[@variant = '3d']">
+                    <xsl:text>sageplot/</xsl:text>
+                    <xsl:apply-templates select="sageplot" mode="image-source-basename"/>
+                    <xsl:text>.png</xsl:text>
+                </xsl:when>
+                <xsl:when test="asymptote">
+                    <xsl:text>asymptote/</xsl:text>
+                    <xsl:apply-templates select="asymptote" mode="image-source-basename"/>
+                    <xsl:call-template name="best-file-extension"/>
+                </xsl:when>
+                <xsl:when test="mermaid">
+                    <xsl:text>mermaid/</xsl:text>
+                    <xsl:apply-templates select="mermaid" mode="image-source-basename"/>
+                    <xsl:call-template name="best-file-extension"/>
+                </xsl:when>
+                <xsl:when test="pf:prefigure">
+                    <xsl:text>prefigure/</xsl:text>
+                    <xsl:apply-templates select="pf:prefigure" mode="image-source-basename"/>
+                    <xsl:call-template name="best-file-extension"/>
+                </xsl:when>
+            </xsl:choose>
+        </xsl:when>
+        <xsl:otherwise>
+            <xsl:message>PTX:BUG:     image filename not determined in EPUB conversion</xsl:message>
+            <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="location-report" />
+        </xsl:otherwise>
+    </xsl:choose>
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- Manifest entry with image file information -->
+<!-- For each "image" we record basic information in the form the  -->
+<!-- manifest expects (an "item").  Later, duplicate files will be -->
+<!-- scrubbed from this list based on the @href value, so that a   -->
+<!-- given file is not referenced more than once in the manifest.  -->
+<xsl:template match="image" mode="manifest">
+    <xsl:variable name="extension">
+        <xsl:call-template name="file-extension">
+            <!-- at most one of these two attributes shold be present -->
+            <xsl:with-param name="filename" select="@source|@pi:generated" />
+        </xsl:call-template>
+    </xsl:variable>
+    <!-- item  element for manifest -->
+    <xsl:element name="item" namespace="http://www.idpf.org/2007/opf">
+        <!-- internal id of the image -->
+        <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="html-id-attribute"/>
+        <!-- filename relative to EPUB directory -->
+        <xsl:attribute name="href">
+            <xsl:value-of select="$xhtml-dir" />
+            <xsl:text>/</xsl:text>
+            <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="epub-base-filename">
+                <xsl:with-param name="purpose" select="'write'"/>
+            </xsl:apply-templates>
+        </xsl:attribute>
+        <!-- media attribute -->
+        <xsl:attribute name="media-type">
+            <xsl:choose>
+                <xsl:when test="@source and $extension='png'">
+                    <xsl:text>image/png</xsl:text>
+                </xsl:when>
+                <xsl:when test="@source and ($extension='jpeg' or $extension='jpg')">
+                    <xsl:text>image/jpeg</xsl:text>
+                </xsl:when>
+                <xsl:when test="@source and ($extension = 'svg')">
+                    <xsl:text>image/svg+xml</xsl:text>
+                </xsl:when>
+                <xsl:when test="@source and ($extension = '')">
+                    <xsl:call-template name="best-media-type"/>
+                </xsl:when>
+                <!-- MOM generated images are extensionless -->
+                <xsl:when test="@pi:generated and ($extension = '')">
+                    <xsl:call-template name="best-media-type"/>
+                </xsl:when>
+                <!-- QR code, automatic preview, YouuTube fig leaf -->
+                <xsl:when test="@pi:generated and ($extension = 'png')">
+                    <xsl:text>image/png</xsl:text>
+                </xsl:when>
+                <!-- YouTube-provided previews (always just *.jpg) -->
+                <xsl:when test="@pi:generated and ($extension = 'jpg')">
+                    <xsl:text>image/jpeg</xsl:text>
+                </xsl:when>
+                <xsl:when test="latex-image|asymptote|mermaid|pf:prefigure">
+                    <xsl:text>image/svg+xml</xsl:text>
+                </xsl:when>
+                <!-- A 2D "sageplot" is just like any other image built from source -->
+                <xsl:when test="sageplot[not(@variant) or (@variant = '2d')]">
+                    <xsl:text>image/svg+xml</xsl:text>
+                </xsl:when>
+                <!-- NB: a 3D "sageplot" only comes in PNG and HTML variants, -->
+                <!-- so we cannot manufacture the preferable SVG version,     -->
+                <!-- and the PNG is just fine for a Kindle build, so we do    -->
+                <!-- not have to condition on a Kindle build.                 -->
+                <xsl:when test="sageplot[@variant = '3d']">
+                    <xsl:text>image/png</xsl:text>
+                </xsl:when>
+                <xsl:otherwise>
+                    <xsl:message>PTX:BUG:     EPUB image media-type not determined</xsl:message>
+                    <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="location-report" />
+                </xsl:otherwise>
+            </xsl:choose>
+        </xsl:attribute>
+    </xsl:element>
+    <!-- likely a dead-end here, but we examine children anyway -->
+    <xsl:apply-templates select="*" mode="manifest" />
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- Kindle has an upper limit of 25 or so SVG images.  Not sure the       -->
+<!-- rationale.  Anyway, we prefer (our) SVG images which are generally    -->
+<!-- very tight and compact and scale nicely.  When we know that an image  -->
+<!-- (source, or generated) does not have an extension, then we are free   -->
+<!-- to choose, on the assumption that such files have actually been       -->
+<!-- generated.  These utility templates *only* depend on a Kindle switch. -->
+
+<xsl:template name="best-file-extension">
+    <xsl:choose>
+        <xsl:when test="$b-kindle">
+            <xsl:text>.png</xsl:text>
+        </xsl:when>
+        <xsl:otherwise>
+            <xsl:text>.svg</xsl:text>
+        </xsl:otherwise>
+    </xsl:choose>
+</xsl:template>
+
+<xsl:template name="best-media-type">
+    <xsl:choose>
+        <xsl:when test="$b-kindle">
+            <xsl:text>image/png</xsl:text>
+        </xsl:when>
+        <xsl:otherwise>
+            <xsl:text>image/svg+xml</xsl:text>
+        </xsl:otherwise>
+    </xsl:choose>
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- Now the actual image inclusion where born -->
+<xsl:template match="image">
+    <xsl:element name="img">
+        <xsl:attribute name="src">
+            <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="epub-base-filename">
+                <xsl:with-param name="purpose" select="'write'"/>
+            </xsl:apply-templates>
+        </xsl:attribute>
+        <xsl:if test="@width">
+            <xsl:attribute name="style">
+                <xsl:text>width: </xsl:text>
+                <xsl:value-of select="@width" />
+                <xsl:text>; margin: 0 auto;</xsl:text>
+            </xsl:attribute>
+        </xsl:if>
+    </xsl:element>
+    <xsl:if test="description">
+        <details class="image-description">
+            <summary>
+                <xsl:call-template name="insert-symbol">
+                    <xsl:with-param name="name" select="'description'"/>
+                </xsl:call-template>
+            </summary>
+            <div>
+                <xsl:apply-templates select="description"/>
+            </div>
+        </details>
+    </xsl:if>
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- ######### -->
+<!-- OverRides -->
+<!-- ######### -->
+
+<!-- Knowls -->
+<!-- Nothing should be knowled, since we do not have Javascript for it -->
+<!-- We kill both cross-reference and born-hidden knowls by overriding -->
+<!-- templates designed partially for this purpose                     -->
+<xsl:template match="*" mode="xref-as-knowl">
+    <xsl:value-of select="false()" />
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- Everything configurable by author, 2020-01-02         -->
+<!-- Roughly in the order of old  html.knowl.*  switches   -->
+<!-- Similar HTML templates return string for boolean test -->
+<xsl:template match="&THEOREM-LIKE;|&PROOF-LIKE;|&DEFINITION-LIKE;|&EXAMPLE-LIKE;|&PROJECT-LIKE;|task|&FIGURE-LIKE;|&REMARK-LIKE;|&GOAL-LIKE;|exercise" mode="is-hidden">
+    <xsl:text>false</xsl:text>
+</xsl:template>
+
+
+<!-- ######## -->
+<!-- Endnotes -->
+<!-- ######## -->
+
+<!-- Use "EPUB 3 Structural Semantics Vocabulary" -->
+<!-- to get desired behavior from e-reader system -->
+<!-- https://help.apple.com/itc/booksassetguide/en.lproj/itccf8ecf5c8.html -->
+
+<!-- Note: Kindle wants "bidirectional" links, so you can "go back" -->
+<!-- from the content to the source location.  These HTML ids are   -->
+<!-- recognizable by their "-kindle-return" suffix.  See 10.3.12:   -->
+<!-- https://kindlegen.s3.amazonaws.com/AmazonKindlePublishingGuidelines.pdf -->
+
+<!-- Asides -->
+<!-- EPUB has a semi-natural mechanism for this, though -->
+<!-- the text we drop could use some work. The marker,  -->
+<!-- a simple title/paragraph, tostyle minimally        -->
+<xsl:template match="&ASIDE-LIKE;">
+    <xsl:variable name="hid">
+        <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="html-id" />
+    </xsl:variable>
+    <xsl:element name="div">
+        <xsl:attribute name="class">
+            <xsl:text>para</xsl:text>
+        </xsl:attribute>
+        <xsl:attribute name="id">
+            <xsl:value-of select="$hid"/>
+        </xsl:attribute>
+        <a class="url" epub:type="noteref" href="{$endnote-file}#{$hid}">
+            <!-- Older Kindles don't always support pop-ups, so -->
+            <!-- create infrastructure for endnotes to jump back-->
+            <xsl:if test="$b-kindle">
+                <xsl:attribute name="id">
+                    <xsl:value-of select="$hid"/>
+                    <xsl:text>-kindle-return</xsl:text>
+                </xsl:attribute>
+            </xsl:if>
+            <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="heading-simple" />
+        </a>
+    </xsl:element>
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- The content, unwrapped from HTML infrastructure -->
+<xsl:template match="&ASIDE-LIKE;" mode="endnote-content">
+    <xsl:variable name="hid">
+        <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="html-id" />
+    </xsl:variable>
+    <!-- Older Kindles don't always support pop-ups, so -->
+    <!-- create infrastructure for endnotes to jump back-->
+    <xsl:if test="$b-kindle">
+        <a epub:type="noteref">
+            <xsl:attribute name="href">
+                <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="containing-filename"/>
+                <xsl:text>#</xsl:text>
+                <xsl:value-of select="$hid"/>
+                <xsl:text>-kindle-return</xsl:text>
+            </xsl:attribute>
+            <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="heading-full"/>
+        </a>
+    </xsl:if>
+    <aside epub:type="footnote" id="{$hid}">
+        <!-- mode="body" gets too much CSS -->
+        <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="wrapped-content"/>
+    </aside>
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- Footnotes -->
+<!-- First disable the "footnote" popping routine used to -->
+<!-- move the content out of HTML structures where it is  -->
+<!-- not welcome (e.g a "p" inside a "p").                -->
+<xsl:template match="*" mode="pop-footnote-text"/>
+
+<!-- Drop a marker as a superscript -->
+<xsl:template match="fn">
+    <xsl:variable name="hid">
+        <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="html-id" />
+    </xsl:variable>
+    <!-- drop cross-reference, super-scripted, spaced -->
+    <xsl:element name="sup">
+        <xsl:attribute name="id">
+            <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="html-id" />
+        </xsl:attribute>
+        <a epub:type="noteref" href="{$endnote-file}#{$hid}">
+            <xsl:if test="$b-kindle">
+                <xsl:attribute name="id">
+                    <xsl:value-of select="$hid"/>
+                    <xsl:text>-kindle-return</xsl:text>
+                </xsl:attribute>
+            </xsl:if>
+            <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="serial-number" />
+        </a>
+    </xsl:element>
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- The content. -->
+<xsl:template match="fn" mode="endnote-content">
+    <xsl:variable name="hid">
+        <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="html-id" />
+    </xsl:variable>
+    <aside epub:type="footnote" id="{$hid}">
+        <xsl:choose>
+            <xsl:when test="$b-kindle">
+                <a epub:type="noteref">
+                    <xsl:attribute name="href">
+                        <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="containing-filename"/>
+                        <xsl:text>#</xsl:text>
+                        <xsl:value-of select="$hid"/>
+                        <xsl:text>-kindle-return</xsl:text>
+                    </xsl:attribute>
+                    <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="serial-number"/>
+                </a>
+            </xsl:when>
+            <xsl:otherwise>
+                <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="serial-number"/>
+            </xsl:otherwise>
+        </xsl:choose>
+        <xsl:text>. </xsl:text>
+        <!-- process as mixed-content, don't yet allow paragraphs -->
+        <xsl:apply-templates select="node()" />
+    </aside>
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- BackMatter Endnotes page -->
+<xsl:template name="endnotes">
+    <!-- No footnotes or asides, don't bother -->
+    <xsl:if test="$b-has-endnotes">
+        <!-- cribbed from "file-wrap" elsewhere -->
+        <exsl:document href="{$content-dir}/{$xhtml-dir}/{$endnote-file}" method="xml" omit-xml-declaration="yes" encoding="UTF-8" indent="no">
+            <html>
+                <xsl:call-template name="html-theme-attributes"/>
+                <head>
+                    <xsl:text>&#xa;</xsl:text> <!-- a little formatting help -->
+                    <xsl:call-template name="converter-blurb-html" />
+                    <xsl:call-template name="epub-kindle-css"/>
+                    <title>Endnotes</title>
+                </head>
+                <!-- use class to repurpose HTML CSS work -->
+                <body class="ptx-content epub">
+                    <h4>Endnotes</h4>
+                    <!-- structure according to footnote level -->
+                    <xsl:apply-templates select="$document-root//fn|$document-root//aside|$document-root//biographical|$document-root//historical" mode="endnote-content"/>
+                </body>
+            </html>
+        </exsl:document>
+    </xsl:if>
+</xsl:template>
+
+
+<!-- ################ -->
+<!-- Subsidiary Items -->
+<!-- ################ -->
+
+<!-- These tend to "hang" off other structures and/or are routinely -->
+<!-- rendered as knowls.  So we turn off automatic knowlization     -->
+<xsl:template match="&SOLUTION-LIKE;" mode="is-hidden">
+    <xsl:text>false</xsl:text>
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- ##### -->
+<!-- Icons -->
+<!-- ##### -->
+
+<!-- Unicode characters will relieve necessity of        -->
+<!-- Font Awesome CSS loading, $icon-table is in -common -->
+<xsl:template match="icon">
+    <!-- the name attribute of the "icon" in text as a string -->
+    <xsl:variable name="icon-name">
+        <xsl:value-of select="@name"/>
+    </xsl:variable>
+
+    <!-- for-each is just one node, but sets context for key() -->
+    <xsl:for-each select="$icon-table">
+        <xsl:value-of select="key('icon-key', $icon-name)/@unicode" />
+    </xsl:for-each>
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- #### -->
+<!-- Math -->
+<!-- #### -->
+
+<!-- Pluck SVGs from the file full of them, with matching IDs -->
+<xsl:template match="m|md[mrow]">
+    <!-- NB: math-representation file writes with "visible-id" -->
+    <xsl:variable name="id">
+        <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="unique-id"/>
+    </xsl:variable>
+    <xsl:variable name="math" select="$math-repr/pi:math[@id = $id]"/>
+    <xsl:variable name="speech" select="$speech-repr/pi:math[@id = $id]"/>
+    <!-- <xsl:message>C:<xsl:value-of select="$math/@context"/>:C</xsl:message> -->
+    <!-- <xsl:copy-of select="$math-repr[../@id = $id]"/> -->
+    <!-- Wrap with a CSS class for MathJax to see before/during processing -->
+    <!-- as to whether or not the math is inline or display.               -->
+    <span>
+        <xsl:attribute name="class">
+            <xsl:choose>
+                <xsl:when test="$math/@context = 'inline'">
+                    <xsl:text>mjpage</xsl:text>
+                </xsl:when>
+                <xsl:when test="$math/@context = 'displaymath'">
+                    <xsl:text>mjpage mjpage__block</xsl:text>
+                </xsl:when>
+            </xsl:choose>
+        </xsl:attribute>
+        <!-- Cannot "xref" to inline math, so we only put HTML id attributes   -->
+        <!-- onto display math.  This is overkill, we do not examine what is,  -->
+        <!-- or is not numbered, to make a finer distinction.  An "xref" to a  -->
+        <!-- target without a number is likely to fail in other ways.  An      -->
+        <!--"xref" will not be a knowl, but a URL with fragment being this id. -->
+        <xsl:if test="$math/@context = 'displaymath'">
+            <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="html-id-attribute"/>
+        </xsl:if>
+        <!-- Finally, drop a "svg" element, "math" element, or ASCII speech -->
+        <xsl:choose>
+            <xsl:when test="$math.format = 'svg'">
+                <xsl:apply-templates select="$math/div[@class = 'svg']/svg:svg" mode="svg-edit">
+                    <xsl:with-param name="speech" select="$speech"/>
+                    <xsl:with-param name="base-id" select="$id"/>
+                </xsl:apply-templates>
+            </xsl:when>
+            <xsl:when test="$math.format = 'mml'">
+                <xsl:copy-of select="$math/div[@class = 'mathml']/math:math"/>
+            </xsl:when>
+            <!-- Kindle does best with MathML format -->
+            <xsl:when test="$b-kindle">
+                <xsl:copy-of select="$math/div[@class = 'mathml']/math:math"/>
+            </xsl:when>
+            <!-- 2020-07-17: reprs needed a new "span.speech" wrapper -->
+            <xsl:when test="$math.format = 'speech'">
+                <xsl:value-of select="$math/div[@class = 'speech']"/>
+            </xsl:when>
+        </xsl:choose>
+    </span>
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- Simple text representations of structural elements for -->
+<!-- head/title, which is really restrictive.               -->
+<xsl:template match="*" mode="type-name-number">
+    <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="type-name" />
+    <xsl:text> </xsl:text>
+    <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="number" />
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- Identity template as a mode coursing through SVGs  -->
+<!-- We are stream editing to satisfy the EPUB standard -->
+<!-- Mostly killing attrributes                         -->
+<xsl:template match="node()|@*" mode="svg-edit">
+    <xsl:copy>
+        <xsl:apply-templates select="node()|@*" mode="svg-edit"/>
+    </xsl:copy>
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- SVG elements to augment -->
+<!-- We enrich the main "svg" element with a speech string.      -->
+<!--   1.  Since this is the "entry template" for this mode,     -->
+<!--       this is the only place we accept the "speech" param.  -->
+<!--   2.  MathJax seems to use SVGs inside of SVGs for placing  -->
+<!--       numbers/tags of numbered equations, so we only enrich -->
+<!--       "top-level" SVG - that is the point of the filter.    -->
+<!--   3.  The id of the math element will be used as the base   -->
+<!--       of (unique) ids necessary to point to the speech.     -->
+<!--       Pattern 11 at:                                        -->
+<!--       https://www.deque.com/blog/creating-accessible-svgs/  -->
+<!--   4.  Seems                                                 -->
+<!--           "title" + @aria-labelledby                        -->
+<!--           "desc"  + @aria-describedby                       -->
+<!--       cover all the bases.  It is suggested that the two    -->
+<!--       elements alone would be recognized by screen readers. -->
+<xsl:template match="svg:svg[not(ancestor::svg:svg)]" mode="svg-edit">
+    <xsl:param name="speech"/>
+    <xsl:param name="base-id"/>
+
+    <!-- manufacture id values for consistency, uniqueness -->
+    <xsl:variable name="title-id">
+        <xsl:value-of select="$base-id"/>
+        <xsl:text>-title</xsl:text>
+    </xsl:variable>
+    <xsl:variable name="desc-id">
+        <xsl:value-of select="$base-id"/>
+        <xsl:text>-desc</xsl:text>
+    </xsl:variable>
+
+    <xsl:copy>
+        <!-- attributes first -->
+        <xsl:apply-templates select="@*" mode="svg-edit"/>
+        <xsl:attribute name="role">
+            <xsl:text>img</xsl:text>
+        </xsl:attribute>
+        <xsl:attribute name="aria-labelledby">
+            <xsl:value-of select="$title-id"/>
+        </xsl:attribute>
+        <xsl:attribute name="aria-describedby">
+            <xsl:value-of select="$desc-id"/>
+        </xsl:attribute>
+        <!-- now additional metadata, of sorts -->
+        <xsl:element name="title" namespace="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
+            <xsl:attribute name="id">
+                <xsl:value-of select="$title-id"/>
+            </xsl:attribute>
+            <xsl:text>Math Expression</xsl:text>
+        </xsl:element>
+        <xsl:element name="desc" namespace="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
+            <xsl:attribute name="id">
+                <xsl:value-of select="$desc-id"/>
+            </xsl:attribute>
+            <xsl:value-of select="$speech"/>
+        </xsl:element>
+        <!-- and all the rest of the nodes -->
+        <xsl:apply-templates select="node()" mode="svg-edit"/>
+    </xsl:copy>
+</xsl:template>
+
+<!-- SVG attributes to remove -->
+<!-- There can be attributes of SVG images produced by MathJax     -->
+<!-- which cause validation errors when used within an EPUB.       -->
+<!-- 2021-09-02: these seem to have gone away in a transition from -->
+<!-- EPUB 3.0.0 to EPUB 3.2, as reported by  epubcheck v4.2.2.  We -->
+<!-- will remove @focusable just as an example, in case there are  -->
+<!-- future changes.                                               -->
+<xsl:template match="svg:svg/@focusable" mode="svg-edit"/>
+
+<!-- We don't want any permalinks in epub -->
+<xsl:template match="*" mode="permalink"/>
+
+</xsl:stylesheet>