@polymorphism-tech/morph-spec 4.11.1 → 4.13.0

package/framework/standards/backend/api/rest.md

@@ -1,492 +0,0 @@
-# REST API Standards
-
-> **Scope:** universal
-> **Layer:** 0 (always load)
-> **Keywords:** rest, api, endpoint, controller, http, restful
-> **Load When:** always
-
-RESTful API design conventions and best practices
-
----
-
-## HTTP Methods
-
-| Method | Usage | Idempotent | Safe |
-|--------|-------|------------|------|
-| GET | Retrieve resource(s) | ✅ Yes | ✅ Yes |
-| POST | Create new resource | ❌ No | ❌ No |
-| PUT | Replace entire resource | ✅ Yes | ❌ No |
-| PATCH | Partial update | ❌ No | ❌ No |
-| DELETE | Remove resource | ✅ Yes | ❌ No |
-
----
-
-## URL Conventions
-
-### Resource Naming
-
-```
-✅ GOOD
-/api/users
-/api/users/123
-/api/users/123/orders
-/api/orders/456/items
-
-❌ BAD
-/api/getUsers
-/api/user
-/api/User
-/api/users/getAllOrders
-```
-
-### Rules
-
-- Use **plural nouns** for collections (`/users`, not `/user`)
-- Use **lowercase** (`/users`, not `/Users`)
-- Use **hyphens** for multi-word resources (`/order-items`, not `/orderItems`)
-- Use **forward slashes** for hierarchy (`/users/123/orders`)
-- **No trailing slash** (`/users`, not `/users/`)
-- **No verbs** in URLs (`/users`, not `/getUsers`)
-
----
-
-## Endpoint Patterns
-
-### Collection Operations
-
-```http
-GET    /api/users              # List all users
-POST   /api/users              # Create new user
-GET    /api/users/123          # Get user by ID
-PUT    /api/users/123          # Replace user
-PATCH  /api/users/123          # Update user
-DELETE /api/users/123          # Delete user
-```
-
-### Nested Resources
-
-```http
-GET    /api/users/123/orders           # Get user's orders
-POST   /api/users/123/orders           # Create order for user
-GET    /api/users/123/orders/456       # Get specific order
-DELETE /api/users/123/orders/456       # Delete user's order
-```
-
-### Actions (Non-CRUD)
-
-```http
-POST   /api/users/123/activate         # Activate user
-POST   /api/orders/456/cancel          # Cancel order
-POST   /api/orders/456/refund          # Refund order
-```
-
----
-
-## HTTP Status Codes
-
-### Success (2xx)
-
-| Code | Meaning | Usage |
-|------|---------|-------|
-| 200 OK | Success | GET, PUT, PATCH (with body) |
-| 201 Created | Resource created | POST |
-| 204 No Content | Success, no body | DELETE, PUT, PATCH (no body) |
-
-### Client Error (4xx)
-
-| Code | Meaning | Usage |
-|------|---------|-------|
-| 400 Bad Request | Invalid input | Validation errors |
-| 401 Unauthorized | Not authenticated | Missing/invalid token |
-| 403 Forbidden | Not authorized | Insufficient permissions |
-| 404 Not Found | Resource not found | Invalid ID |
-| 409 Conflict | Conflict | Duplicate email, version conflict |
-| 422 Unprocessable Entity | Validation failed | Business rule violation |
-
-### Server Error (5xx)
-
-| Code | Meaning | Usage |
-|------|---------|-------|
-| 500 Internal Server Error | Unexpected error | Unhandled exceptions |
-| 503 Service Unavailable | Service down | Maintenance, overload |
-
----
-
-## Request/Response Examples
-
-### GET (List)
-
-**Request:**
-
-```http
-GET /api/users?page=1&limit=20&sort=email&filter=active
-```
-
-**Response:**
-
-```json
-{
-  "data": [
-    {
-      "id": 1,
-      "email": "user@example.com",
-      "name": "John Doe",
-      "createdAt": "2026-02-16T10:00:00Z"
-    }
-  ],
-  "meta": {
-    "page": 1,
-    "limit": 20,
-    "total": 45,
-    "totalPages": 3
-  }
-}
-```
-
-### GET (Single)
-
-**Request:**
-
-```http
-GET /api/users/123
-```
-
-**Response:**
-
-```json
-{
-  "id": 123,
-  "email": "user@example.com",
-  "name": "John Doe",
-  "createdAt": "2026-02-16T10:00:00Z"
-}
-```
-
-### POST (Create)
-
-**Request:**
-
-```http
-POST /api/users
-Content-Type: application/json
-
-{
-  "email": "newuser@example.com",
-  "name": "Jane Smith",
-  "password": "SecurePass123!"
-}
-```
-
-**Response:**
-
-```http
-HTTP/1.1 201 Created
-Location: /api/users/124
-
-{
-  "id": 124,
-  "email": "newuser@example.com",
-  "name": "Jane Smith",
-  "createdAt": "2026-02-16T11:00:00Z"
-}
-```
-
-### PUT (Replace)
-
-**Request:**
-
-```http
-PUT /api/users/123
-Content-Type: application/json
-
-{
-  "email": "updated@example.com",
-  "name": "John Updated"
-}
-```
-
-**Response:**
-
-```http
-HTTP/1.1 200 OK
-
-{
-  "id": 123,
-  "email": "updated@example.com",
-  "name": "John Updated",
-  "updatedAt": "2026-02-16T11:30:00Z"
-}
-```
-
-### DELETE
-
-**Request:**
-
-```http
-DELETE /api/users/123
-```
-
-**Response:**
-
-```http
-HTTP/1.1 204 No Content
-```
-
----
-
-## Error Responses
-
-### Standard Error Format
-
-```json
-{
-  "error": {
-    "code": "VALIDATION_ERROR",
-    "message": "Validation failed for one or more fields",
-    "details": [
-      {
-        "field": "email",
-        "message": "Email is required"
-      },
-      {
-        "field": "password",
-        "message": "Password must be at least 8 characters"
-      }
-    ]
-  }
-}
-```
-
-### Error Codes
-
-```json
-// 400 Bad Request
-{
-  "error": {
-    "code": "INVALID_INPUT",
-    "message": "Invalid request body"
-  }
-}
-
-// 401 Unauthorized
-{
-  "error": {
-    "code": "UNAUTHORIZED",
-    "message": "Authentication required"
-  }
-}
-
-// 403 Forbidden
-{
-  "error": {
-    "code": "FORBIDDEN",
-    "message": "Insufficient permissions to access this resource"
-  }
-}
-
-// 404 Not Found
-{
-  "error": {
-    "code": "NOT_FOUND",
-    "message": "User with ID 123 not found"
-  }
-}
-
-// 409 Conflict
-{
-  "error": {
-    "code": "CONFLICT",
-    "message": "Email already exists"
-  }
-}
-
-// 500 Internal Server Error
-{
-  "error": {
-    "code": "INTERNAL_ERROR",
-    "message": "An unexpected error occurred"
-  }
-}
-```
-
----
-
-## Pagination
-
-### Query Parameters
-
-```http
-GET /api/users?page=2&limit=20
-```
-
-### Response Format
-
-```json
-{
-  "data": [...],
-  "meta": {
-    "page": 2,
-    "limit": 20,
-    "total": 150,
-    "totalPages": 8
-  },
-  "links": {
-    "first": "/api/users?page=1&limit=20",
-    "prev": "/api/users?page=1&limit=20",
-    "self": "/api/users?page=2&limit=20",
-    "next": "/api/users?page=3&limit=20",
-    "last": "/api/users?page=8&limit=20"
-  }
-}
-```
-
----
-
-## Filtering and Sorting
-
-### Query Parameters
-
-```http
-# Filter by status
-GET /api/orders?status=pending
-
-# Filter by date range
-GET /api/orders?startDate=2026-01-01&endDate=2026-02-01
-
-# Sort ascending
-GET /api/users?sort=email
-
-# Sort descending
-GET /api/users?sort=-createdAt
-
-# Multiple filters
-GET /api/orders?status=pending&customer=123&sort=-createdAt
-```
-
----
-
-## Versioning
-
-### URL Versioning (Recommended)
-
-```http
-GET /api/v1/users
-GET /api/v2/users
-```
-
-### Header Versioning
-
-```http
-GET /api/users
-Accept: application/vnd.api.v1+json
-```
-
----
-
-## Best Practices
-
-### DO
-
-✅ **Use plural nouns**
-
-```http
-✅ GET /api/users
-❌ GET /api/user
-```
-
-✅ **Return appropriate status codes**
-
-```csharp
-// ✅ CORRECT
-[HttpPost]
-public async Task<IActionResult> CreateUser(CreateUserRequest request)
-{
-    var user = await _userService.CreateAsync(request);
-    return CreatedAtAction(nameof(GetUser), new { id = user.Id }, user);
-}
-```
-
-✅ **Use DTOs (not entities)**
-
-```csharp
-// ✅ CORRECT
-public record UserResponse(int Id, string Email, string Name);
-
-[HttpGet("{id}")]
-public async Task<ActionResult<UserResponse>> GetUser(int id)
-{
-    var user = await _userService.GetByIdAsync(id);
-    return Ok(new UserResponse(user.Id, user.Email, user.Name));
-}
-```
-
-✅ **Validate input**
-
-```csharp
-public record CreateUserRequest
-{
-    [Required]
-    [EmailAddress]
-    public string Email { get; init; }
-
-    [Required]
-    [MinLength(8)]
-    public string Password { get; init; }
-}
-```
-
-### DON'T
-
-❌ **Don't use verbs in URLs**
-
-```http
-❌ POST /api/createUser
-✅ POST /api/users
-```
-
-❌ **Don't expose internal IDs**
-
-```csharp
-// ❌ WRONG (exposes database ID)
-public class User
-{
-    public int Id { get; set; } // Internal DB ID
-}
-
-// ✅ CORRECT (use public UUID)
-public class UserResponse
-{
-    public Guid PublicId { get; init; }
-}
-```
-
-❌ **Don't return entities directly**
-
-```csharp
-// ❌ WRONG
-[HttpGet]
-public async Task<List<User>> GetUsers()
-{
-    return await _context.Users.ToListAsync(); // Exposes all properties!
-}
-
-// ✅ CORRECT
-[HttpGet]
-public async Task<List<UserResponse>> GetUsers()
-{
-    var users = await _context.Users.ToListAsync();
-    return users.Select(u => new UserResponse(u.Id, u.Email, u.Name)).ToList();
-}
-```
-
----
-
-## Related Standards
-
-- [Error Handling](./error-handling.md)
-- [Validation](./validation.md)
-- [Minimal API](./ minimal-api.md)
-
----
-
-*MORPH-SPEC by Polymorphism Tech*