@photivra/engine 2.8.1 → 2.10.0

package/dist/optics/diffraction-psf-profile.js

@@ -26,21 +26,21 @@
  * its many-blade (circular) limit. The sum of all cells is exactly 1 (Parseval), so the energy captured by
  * the finite kernel is Σ K over its window and the truncated energy is 1 − Σ K.
  *
- * **Cells much larger than the pattern (2.5).** The frequency-domain node counts grow with β = p·f_c (the cell
- * side over the cut-off period), so the work grows as β². From β ≥ `AIRY_REAL_SPACE_MINIMUM_BETA` (192) the cells
- * are integrated in real space instead, with the same model and no frequency integral: the Airy encircled energy is
+ * **Cells much larger than the pattern (2.5; threshold lowered to β = 32 after 2.8.1).** The frequency-domain node counts grow with β = p·f_c (the
+ * cell side over the cut-off period), so the work grows as β². From β ≥ `AIRY_REAL_SPACE_MINIMUM_BETA` (32) the cells are
+ * integrated in real space instead, with the same model and no frequency integral: the Airy encircled energy is
  * EE(r) = 1 − J₀(x)² − J₁(x)², x = π·r·f_c (it follows from J₀′ = −J₁ and J₁′ = J₀ − J₁/x, DLMF §10.6(i), free), so
  * the energy of the rectangle [0, X] × [0, Y] is (1/2π)∫ EE(r_edge(θ)) dθ over its quadrant, a one-dimensional
- * integral in θ. Every cell is a signed sum of such rectangles. x ≥ π·β/2 ≥ 301 there, where J₀ and J₁ come from
- * the Hankel asymptotic expansion (DLMF §10.17(i), eq. 10.17.3, free) with eight terms in each of P and Q; the
- * remainder is below the first neglected term (DLMF §10.17(iii)), under 1e-17. The θ integral uses 16-point
- * Gauss–Legendre panels on which the phase 2x changes by at most 2 radians, so the work grows only as β. The tests
- * check the two methods against each other where both are practical (β from 192 to 400), the real-space cells
- * against the asymptotic leakage 8√2/(π³·β) of the centre cell, and convergence under doubled panel counts.
- * The β threshold lies above every β a `simulateCapture` pitch up to 100 µm can reach (at most 100/(0.3805·1.4) ≈ 188),
- * so those captures keep the frequency-domain values unchanged. It cannot move much lower with this method: the innermost
- * boundary Z = ½ needs x = π·β/2 ≥ 300 for the expansion, so β ≥ 191; below that J₀ and J₁ would need another method, and
- * its cells would differ from the frequency-domain cells in the last bits, changing captures that exist today.
+ * integral in θ. Every cell is a signed sum of such rectangles. J₀² + J₁² comes from the Hankel asymptotic expansion
+ * (DLMF §10.17(i), eq. 10.17.3, free) from x = 300, with eight terms in each of P and Q (remainder under 1e-17,
+ * DLMF §10.17(iii)), and below it from Miller's backward recurrence normalized by J₀ + 2ΣJ₂ₖ = 1 (DLMF §3.6(iii),
+ * 10.12.4, free). The θ integral uses 16-point Gauss–Legendre panels on which the phase 2x changes by at most
+ * 2 radians, so the work grows only as β. The tests check the two methods against each other from β = 32 to 400, the
+ * real-space cells against the asymptotic leakage 8√2/(π³·β) of the centre cell, and convergence under doubled panel
+ * counts. The threshold was 192 in 2.5; it moved to 32 because from there the real-space cells agree with the frequency-domain cells
+ * within about 1e-12 and cost a few to a few hundred times less (a 750 µm whole-frame cell at f/8 took 3.4 s for 20
+ * wavelengths). Every β a native pitch up to 10 µm reaches (at most 10/(0.38·1.4) ≈ 19) stays in the frequency domain,
+ * so captures at sensor pitch are unchanged; larger cells (binned and whole-frame views) change in the last bits only.
  *
  * **Reuse (2.6).** The cells depend only on (β, R) (and the test-only node scale), so `calculateAiryCellEnergies` keeps the
  * 256 most recently used results and returns copies: tiles of one frame rendered in the same worker, and captures that
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ export const DIFFRACTION_LIMITED_PSF_PROFILE_LIMITS = Object.freeze({ maximumWav
  * Internal: β = p·f_c (cell side over the cut-off period) from which `calculateAiryCellEnergies` integrates the cells in
  * real space (2.5). Above every β of a `simulateCapture` pitch up to 100 µm, whose captures keep the frequency-domain values.
  */
-export const AIRY_REAL_SPACE_MINIMUM_BETA = 192;
+export const AIRY_REAL_SPACE_MINIMUM_BETA = 32;
 /** Radius of the first dark ring of the Airy pattern in units of λ·N_w: j₁,₁/π, j₁,₁ = 3.8317059702 (first zero of J₁). */
 const AIRY_FIRST_ZERO_PER_LAMBDA_N = 3.8317059702075125 / Math.PI;
 const EVIDENCE = Object.freeze([Object.freeze({ sourceOrigin: "photivra",
@@ -174,13 +174,17 @@ const HANKEL = (() => {
 /** Smallest argument of `besselSquareSum`: there the 16-term expansion's remainder is below 1e-17. */
 const HANKEL_MINIMUM_ARGUMENT = 300;
 /**
- * J₀(x)² + J₁(x)² for x ≥ 300 from the Hankel expansion J_ν(x) = √(2/(πx))·(P_ν cos ω_ν − Q_ν sin ω_ν), ω_ν = x − νπ/2 − π/4,
+ * J₀(x)² + J₁(x)² for x > 0. From x ≥ 300 by the Hankel expansion J_ν(x) = √(2/(πx))·(P_ν cos ω_ν − Q_ν sin ω_ν), ω_ν = x − νπ/2 − π/4,
  * P_ν = Σ(−1)^k a_2k(ν)/x^2k, Q_ν = Σ(−1)^k a_2k+1(ν)/x^2k+1 (DLMF 10.17.3), eight terms each. With ω₁ = ω₀ − π/2,
- * J₁ = √(2/(πx))·(P₁ sin ω₀ + Q₁ cos ω₀). Internal.
+ * J₁ = √(2/(πx))·(P₁ sin ω₀ + Q₁ cos ω₀). Below 300 by Miller's backward recurrence J_{n−1} = (2n/x)·J_n − J_{n+1} (DLMF 10.6.1;
+ * the algorithm, DLMF §3.6(iii)), started at an order above x where J_n is negligible, normalized by J₀ + 2·Σ J_2k = 1
+ * (DLMF 10.12.4). Internal.
  */
 export function besselSquareSum(x) {
-    if (!(x >= HANKEL_MINIMUM_ARGUMENT))
-        throw new InvalidConfigurationError("The Hankel expansion of J0 and J1 needs an argument of at least 300.");
+    if (!(x > 0) || !Number.isFinite(x))
+        throw new InvalidConfigurationError("J0 and J1 need a positive finite argument.");
+    if (x < HANKEL_MINIMUM_ARGUMENT)
+        return besselSquareSumByRecurrence(x);
     const { a0, a1 } = HANKEL, inverse = 1 / x;
     let p0 = 0, q0 = 0, p1 = 0, q1 = 0, power = 1;
     for (let k = 0; k < 16; k++) {
@@ -199,6 +203,33 @@ export function besselSquareSum(x) {
     const j0 = p0 * c - q0 * s, j1 = p1 * s + q1 * c;
     return 2 / (Math.PI * x) * (j0 * j0 + j1 * j1);
 }
+/**
+ * Miller's backward recurrence for 0 < x < 300 (see `besselSquareSum`). The start order x + 10·∛x + 40 (even) lies far enough in the
+ * region where J_n(x) falls faster than exponentially that the start values' error is below double precision at J₀ and J₁; the
+ * values are rescaled when they grow large, and normalized before squaring.
+ */
+function besselSquareSumByRecurrence(x) {
+    const start = 2 * Math.ceil((x + 10 * Math.cbrt(x) + 40) / 2);
+    let next = 0, current = 1e-100, sum = 0, j1 = 0;
+    for (let n = start; n >= 1; n--) {
+        const previous = (2 * n / x) * current - next;
+        next = current;
+        current = previous;
+        if (n - 1 === 1)
+            j1 = current;
+        if (n - 1 > 0 && (n - 1) % 2 === 0)
+            sum += 2 * current;
+        if (Math.abs(current) > 1e100) {
+            current *= 1e-100;
+            next *= 1e-100;
+            sum *= 1e-100;
+            j1 *= 1e-100;
+        }
+    }
+    sum += current;
+    const j0 = current / sum, j1n = j1 / sum;
+    return j0 * j0 + j1n * j1n;
+}
 /**
  * Real-space cell energies (2.5): see the module comment. G(Z, φ) = ∫₀^φ [J₀² + J₁²](π·β·Z/cos θ) dθ for cell boundaries at
  * half-integer distances Z (in cells), accumulated along θ for each Z with every needed φ = atan(W/Z) as a panel boundary.

package/dist/optics/diffraction-psf-profile.js.map

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SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0\n\n/**\n * Builds a `LensSampledPsfProfile` for an ideal, aberration-free, in-focus lens with a uniformly lit\n * circular pupil: the Airy pattern of scalar Fraunhofer diffraction, one unit-sum kernel per declared\n * wavelength on ONE shared sample grid (2.1.0).\n *\n * **Model.** The pupil diameter is D = f/N (entrance pupil = exit pupil, unity pupil magnification) and\n * the pupil-to-image distance z is the thin-lens image distance for the focus (f at infinity), so the\n * image-side (working) f-number is N_w = z/D. The incoherent optical transfer function (OTF) of a\n * uniform circular pupil is the normalized autocorrelation of the pupil,\n *   H(ρ) = (2/π)·(acos ρ − ρ·√(1 − ρ²)),  ρ = |f|/f_c ≤ 1,  f_c = 1/(λ·N_w),\n * and the intensity PSF is its inverse Fourier transform (the Airy pattern, first zero at 1.21967·λ·N_w)\n * (MIT OpenCourseWare 2.71 Optics, Spring 2009, lectures 21–22, free: the intensity PSF as the transform of\n * the pupil autocorrelation and the circular-pupil MTF; also see: Goodman, Introduction to Fourier Optics,\n * 4th ed., 2017, §7.3).\n *\n * **Cell integration (exact, no Bessel functions).** Kernel sample (i, j) is the PSF energy inside the\n * square cell of side p centred on (i·p, j·p). The cell integral is the PSF convolved with the cell's\n * indicator, evaluated at the cell centre, so in the frequency domain\n *   K(i, j) = p² ∫∫ H(|f|/f_c)·sinc(p·f_x)·sinc(p·f_y)·cos(2π·p·i·f_x)·cos(2π·p·j·f_y) d²f,\n * with sinc(x) = sin(πx)/(πx) (the sine terms vanish because H is even). It is evaluated in polar\n * coordinates: a trapezoid rule in angle (exponentially convergent for this smooth periodic integrand) and\n * Gauss–Legendre in t with ρ = 1 − t², which removes the (1 − ρ)^{3/2} edge behaviour of H. The node counts\n * follow from the integrand's bandwidth with a fixed margin; the tests check convergence by doubling them and\n * check the values against an independent real-space integration of `calculateIdealPolygonDiffractionPsf` in\n * its many-blade (circular) limit. The sum of all cells is exactly 1 (Parseval), so the energy captured by\n * the finite kernel is Σ K over its window and the truncated energy is 1 − Σ K.\n *\n * **Cells much larger than the pattern (2.5).** The frequency-domain node counts grow with β = p·f_c (the cell\n * side over the cut-off period), so the work grows as β². From β ≥ `AIRY_REAL_SPACE_MINIMUM_BETA` (192) the cells\n * are integrated in real space instead, with the same model and no frequency integral: the Airy encircled energy is\n * EE(r) = 1 − J₀(x)² − J₁(x)², x = π·r·f_c (it follows from J₀′ = −J₁ and J₁′ = J₀ − J₁/x, DLMF §10.6(i), free), so\n * the energy of the rectangle [0, X] × [0, Y] is (1/2π)∫ EE(r_edge(θ)) dθ over its quadrant, a one-dimensional\n * integral in θ. Every cell is a signed sum of such rectangles. x ≥ π·β/2 ≥ 301 there, where J₀ and J₁ come from\n * the Hankel asymptotic expansion (DLMF §10.17(i), eq. 10.17.3, free) with eight terms in each of P and Q; the\n * remainder is below the first neglected term (DLMF §10.17(iii)), under 1e-17. The θ integral uses 16-point\n * Gauss–Legendre panels on which the phase 2x changes by at most 2 radians, so the work grows only as β. The tests\n * check the two methods against each other where both are practical (β from 192 to 400), the real-space cells\n * against the asymptotic leakage 8√2/(π³·β) of the centre cell, and convergence under doubled panel counts.\n * The β threshold lies above every β a `simulateCapture` pitch up to 100 µm can reach (at most 100/(0.3805·1.4) ≈ 188),\n * so those captures keep the frequency-domain values unchanged. It cannot move much lower with this method: the innermost\n * boundary Z = ½ needs x = π·β/2 ≥ 300 for the expansion, so β ≥ 191; below that J₀ and J₁ would need another method, and\n * its cells would differ from the frequency-domain cells in the last bits, changing captures that exist today.\n *\n * **Reuse (2.6).** The cells depend only on (β, R) (and the test-only node scale), so `calculateAiryCellEnergies` keeps the\n * 256 most recently used results and returns copies: tiles of one frame rendered in the same worker, and captures that\n * change only the exposure, ISO, scene or output, reuse the kernels instead of integrating them again. The frequency-domain\n * loop also takes cos θ and sin θ from a per-call table computed with the same expressions, so the values are unchanged.\n *\n * **Truncation and normalization.** The kernel is the (2R+1)² window of cells. The Airy tails fall only as\n * r⁻³, so a finite window always misses some energy: it is reported per wavelength, and the window is then\n * renormalized to unit sum because the sampled-profile contract requires unit-energy kernels. The missing\n * tail energy is thereby put back inside the window (an approximation that slightly raises low-frequency\n * contrast compared with the untruncated pattern).\n *\n * **Approximations (labelled):** scalar (no polarization), aberration-free, uniform pupil amplitude, exactly in\n * focus (no defocus), thin lens with unity pupil magnification, the on-axis PSF used across the declared field\n * (isoplanatic), PSF energy binned into the sample cells, finite window renormalized. Not a measured lens.\n * @see docs/PSF_FOUNDATION.md, \"Diffraction-limited sampled profile (2.1)\".\n */\n\nimport { approximationResult, type CalculationResult } from \"../core/calculation-result.js\";\nimport { InvalidConfigurationError } from \"../core/configuration-error.js\";\nimport { requireAllowlistedRecord } from \"../core/record-validation.js\";\nimport type { EvidenceProvenance } from \"../core/evidence-provenance.js\";\nimport type { FocusPlane } from \"./focus-state.js\";\nimport { calculateThinLensImageDistance } from \"./thin-lens.js\";\nimport { parseLensSampledPsfProfile, type LensSampledPsfProfile } from \"./lens-psf-profile.js\";\n\nexport const DIFFRACTION_LIMITED_PSF_PROFILE_MODEL = Object.freeze({\n  modelId: \"photivra-diffraction-limited-circular-pupil-psf\" as const, modelVersion: \"1.0.0\" as const });\n/** Input limits: at most 64 wavelengths, kernel radius 0–32 samples (the irradiance-convolution limit). */\nexport const DIFFRACTION_LIMITED_PSF_PROFILE_LIMITS = Object.freeze({ maximumWavelengths: 64, maximumKernelRadiusSamples: 32 });\n/**\n * Internal: β = p·f_c (cell side over the cut-off period) from which `calculateAiryCellEnergies` integrates the cells in\n * real space (2.5). Above every β of a `simulateCapture` pitch up to 100 µm, whose captures keep the frequency-domain values.\n */\nexport const AIRY_REAL_SPACE_MINIMUM_BETA = 192;\n/** Radius of the first dark ring of the Airy pattern in units of λ·N_w: j₁,₁/π, j₁,₁ = 3.8317059702 (first zero of J₁). */\nconst AIRY_FIRST_ZERO_PER_LAMBDA_N = 3.8317059702075125 / Math.PI;\n\nexport interface CreateDiffractionLimitedPsfProfileInput {\n  /** Only `circular` in 2.1.0 (polygon pupils: `calculateIdealPolygonDiffractionPsf` gives point densities). */\n  aperture: \"circular\";\n  focalLengthMm: number;\n  apertureFNumber: number;\n  focus: FocusPlane;\n  /** Strictly increasing wavelengths, nm, in the medium of propagation (no air/vacuum conversion is applied). 1–64. */\n  wavelengthsNm: readonly number[];\n  /** Square sample pitch of every kernel, µm. */\n  samplePitchMicrometers: number;\n  /** Kernel half-width in samples; each kernel is (2R + 1)². 0–32. */\n  kernelRadiusSamples: number;\n  /** Half-extent of the image field over which the on-axis PSF is declared (profile field axes ±x, ±y), mm. */\n  fieldHalfExtentMm: { x: number; y: number };\n  profileId: string;\n}\n\nexport interface DiffractionLimitedPsfWavelength {\n  wavelengthNm: number;\n  /** f_c = 1/(λ·N_w), cycles per µm. */\n  cutoffFrequencyCyclesPerMicrometer: number;\n  /** 1.21967·λ·N_w, µm. */\n  firstZeroRadiusMicrometers: number;\n  /** Σ of the cell energies inside the window before renormalization (of a total of 1). */\n  capturedEnergyFraction: number;\n  /** 1 − capturedEnergyFraction: the Airy tail energy outside the window, put back by renormalization. */\n  truncatedEnergyFraction: number;\n  /** Fraction of the renormalized kernel in the centre sample. */\n  centreSampleFraction: number;\n}\n\nexport interface DiffractionLimitedPsfProfile {\n  profile: LensSampledPsfProfile;\n  model: typeof DIFFRACTION_LIMITED_PSF_PROFILE_MODEL;\n  pupilDiameterMm: number;\n  pupilToImageDistanceMm: number;\n  workingFNumber: number;\n  kernelRadiusSamples: number;\n  samplePitchMicrometers: number;\n  wavelengths: readonly DiffractionLimitedPsfWavelength[];\n  /** Largest truncated energy over the wavelengths. */\n  maximumTruncatedEnergyFraction: number;\n  /**\n   * How the cells were integrated. 2.5: wavelengths with β = p·f_c ≥ 192 (cells far larger than the pattern) use the real-space\n   * encircled-energy method; `realSpaceWavelengthsNm` lists them, and `method` is `\"frequency-domain-and-real-space\"` when both ran.\n   * `maximumRadialNodes` counts frequency-domain radial nodes (0 when only the real-space method ran); `maximumAngularNodes` the\n   * angular nodes of either method (for the real-space method, all θ nodes of one wavelength).\n   */\n  quadrature: { method: \"polar-frequency-domain-trapezoid-gauss-legendre\" | \"real-space-encircled-energy-gauss-legendre\" | \"frequency-domain-and-real-space\";\n    maximumRadialNodes: number; maximumAngularNodes: number; realSpaceWavelengthsNm?: readonly number[] };\n}\n\nconst EVIDENCE: readonly EvidenceProvenance[] = Object.freeze([Object.freeze({ sourceOrigin: \"photivra\" as const,\n  sourceReference: \"photivra:diffraction-limited-psf-profile\", reuseStatus: \"photivra-owned\" as const })]);\nconst LIMITATIONS = Object.freeze([\n  \"Scalar Fraunhofer diffraction of an ideal, uniformly lit circular pupil (Airy pattern); no aberration, apodization, polarization or stray light.\",\n  \"Exactly in focus: no defocus or depth of field. Thin lens with unity pupil magnification; the pupil-to-image distance is the thin-lens image distance.\",\n  \"The on-axis PSF is declared unchanged across the field (isoplanatic); no field-dependent aberration or pupil clipping.\",\n  \"PSF energy is binned into square sample cells; the finite window misses the Airy tail energy listed per wavelength and is renormalized to unit sum.\",\n  \"Wavelengths are used as given, in the declared basis, without air/vacuum conversion.\"\n]);\n\nfunction positive(value: unknown, name: string): number {\n  if (typeof value !== \"number\" || !Number.isFinite(value) || value <= 0) throw new InvalidConfigurationError(name + \" must be a positive finite number.\");\n  return value;\n}\n\n/** Gauss–Legendre nodes and weights on [0, 1] (Newton iteration on Pₙ; DLMF §3.5(v)). Cached per n. */\nconst GAUSS_LEGENDRE = new Map<number, { nodes: Float64Array; weights: Float64Array }>();\nfunction gaussLegendre(n: number): { nodes: Float64Array; weights: Float64Array } {\n  const cached = GAUSS_LEGENDRE.get(n);\n  if (cached) return cached;\n  const nodes = new Float64Array(n), weights = new Float64Array(n);\n  for (let k = 0; k < Math.ceil(n / 2); k++) {\n    let x = Math.cos(Math.PI * (k + 0.75) / (n + 0.5));\n    for (let iteration = 0; iteration < 100; iteration++) {\n      let p0 = 1, p1 = x;\n      for (let m = 2; m <= n; m++) { const p2 = ((2 * m - 1) * x * p1 - (m - 1) * p0) / m; p0 = p1; p1 = p2; }\n      const step = p1 / (n * (x * p1 - p0) / (x * x - 1));\n      x -= step;\n      if (Math.abs(step) < 1e-16) break;\n    }\n    let p0 = 1, p1 = x;\n    for (let m = 2; m <= n; m++) { const p2 = ((2 * m - 1) * x * p1 - (m - 1) * p0) / m; p0 = p1; p1 = p2; }\n    const derivative = n * (x * p1 - p0) / (x * x - 1);\n    const w = 1 / ((1 - x * x) * derivative * derivative);\n    // Map [-1, 1] to [0, 1]: t = (1 ± x)/2, weight w (2/(1-x²)P'² halved).\n    nodes[k] = (1 - x) / 2; weights[k] = w;\n    nodes[n - 1 - k] = (1 + x) / 2; weights[n - 1 - k] = w;\n  }\n  const result = { nodes, weights };\n  if (GAUSS_LEGENDRE.size < 64) GAUSS_LEGENDRE.set(n, result);\n  return result;\n}\nfunction sinc(x: number): number {\n  if (x === 0) return 1;\n  const a = Math.PI * x;\n  return Math.sin(a) / a;\n}\n\n/**\n * Cell energies K(i, j), 0 ≤ i, j ≤ R, of the Airy pattern for β = p·f_c (cell side in units of the cut-off\n * period): in the frequency domain below `AIRY_REAL_SPACE_MINIMUM_BETA`, in real space from it (2.5). `scale`\n * multiplies the node or panel counts (1 in production; the tests use 2 to check convergence).\n */\nexport function calculateAiryCellEnergies(beta: number, radius: number, scale = 1): { cells: Float64Array; radialNodes: number; angularNodes: number; realSpace: boolean } {\n  // 2.6: a pure function of (β, R, scale), so results are memoized (most recently used first) and handed out as copies.\n  // Tiles of one frame, and captures that change only the exposure or the scene, rebuild the same kernels.\n  const key = beta + \"|\" + radius + \"|\" + scale, cached = AIRY_CELL_CACHE.get(key);\n  if (cached) {\n    AIRY_CELL_CACHE.delete(key); AIRY_CELL_CACHE.set(key, cached);\n    return { ...cached, cells: cached.cells.slice() };\n  }\n  const result = beta >= AIRY_REAL_SPACE_MINIMUM_BETA ? { ...calculateAiryCellEnergiesInRealSpace(beta, radius, scale), radialNodes: 0, realSpace: true } :\n    { ...calculateAiryCellEnergiesInFrequencyDomain(beta, radius, scale), realSpace: false };\n  AIRY_CELL_CACHE.set(key, { ...result, cells: result.cells.slice() });\n  if (AIRY_CELL_CACHE.size > AIRY_CELL_CACHE_ENTRIES) AIRY_CELL_CACHE.delete(AIRY_CELL_CACHE.keys().next().value!);\n  return result;\n}\n/** Memoized cell energies (2.6): 256 entries of (R + 1)² values, at most 256 × 33² × 8 bytes ≈ 2.2 MB. */\nconst AIRY_CELL_CACHE_ENTRIES = 256;\nconst AIRY_CELL_CACHE = new Map<string, { cells: Float64Array; radialNodes: number; angularNodes: number; realSpace: boolean }>();\n\n/** Hankel asymptotic coefficients a_k(ν) of DLMF 10.17.1 for ν = 0 and 1, k = 0..15. */\nconst HANKEL = ((): { a0: Float64Array; a1: Float64Array } => {\n  const a0 = new Float64Array(16), a1 = new Float64Array(16);\n  a0[0] = 1; a1[0] = 1;\n  for (let k = 1; k < 16; k++) {\n    const odd = (2 * k - 1) * (2 * k - 1);\n    a0[k] = a0[k - 1]! * (0 - odd) / (8 * k);\n    a1[k] = a1[k - 1]! * (4 - odd) / (8 * k);\n  }\n  return { a0, a1 };\n})();\n/** Smallest argument of `besselSquareSum`: there the 16-term expansion's remainder is below 1e-17. */\nconst HANKEL_MINIMUM_ARGUMENT = 300;\n\n/**\n * J₀(x)² + J₁(x)² for x ≥ 300 from the Hankel expansion J_ν(x) = √(2/(πx))·(P_ν cos ω_ν − Q_ν sin ω_ν), ω_ν = x − νπ/2 − π/4,\n * P_ν = Σ(−1)^k a_2k(ν)/x^2k, Q_ν = Σ(−1)^k a_2k+1(ν)/x^2k+1 (DLMF 10.17.3), eight terms each. With ω₁ = ω₀ − π/2,\n * J₁ = √(2/(πx))·(P₁ sin ω₀ + Q₁ cos ω₀). Internal.\n */\nexport function besselSquareSum(x: number): number {\n  if (!(x >= HANKEL_MINIMUM_ARGUMENT)) throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"The Hankel expansion of J0 and J1 needs an argument of at least 300.\");\n  const { a0, a1 } = HANKEL, inverse = 1 / x;\n  let p0 = 0, q0 = 0, p1 = 0, q1 = 0, power = 1;\n  for (let k = 0; k < 16; k++) {\n    const sign = (k >> 1) % 2 === 0 ? 1 : -1;\n    if (k % 2 === 0) { p0 += sign * a0[k]! * power; p1 += sign * a1[k]! * power; } else { q0 += sign * a0[k]! * power; q1 += sign * a1[k]! * power; }\n    power *= inverse;\n  }\n  const omega = x - Math.PI / 4, c = Math.cos(omega), s = Math.sin(omega);\n  const j0 = p0 * c - q0 * s, j1 = p1 * s + q1 * c;\n  return 2 / (Math.PI * x) * (j0 * j0 + j1 * j1);\n}\n\n/**\n * Real-space cell energies (2.5): see the module comment. G(Z, φ) = ∫₀^φ [J₀² + J₁²](π·β·Z/cos θ) dθ for cell boundaries at\n * half-integer distances Z (in cells), accumulated along θ for each Z with every needed φ = atan(W/Z) as a panel boundary.\n * The rectangle [0, X] × [0, Y] holds 1/4 − (G(X, atan(Y/X)) + G(Y, atan(X/Y)))/(2π) of the energy. Internal.\n */\nexport function calculateAiryCellEnergiesInRealSpace(beta: number, radius: number, scale = 1): { cells: Float64Array; angularNodes: number } {\n  const size = radius + 1, table = new Float64Array(size * size), { nodes, weights } = gaussLegendre(16);\n  let angularNodes = 0;\n  for (let z = 0; z < size; z++) {\n    const Z = z + 0.5, k = Math.PI * beta * Z;\n    let sum = 0, t0 = 1, theta0 = 0;\n    for (let w = 0; w < size; w++) {\n      // Panels equal in t = 1/cos θ, so the phase 2x = 2kt changes by at most 2 radians on each.\n      const t1 = Math.hypot(Z, w + 0.5) / Z, theta1 = Math.atan2(w + 0.5, Z), panels = Math.max(1, Math.ceil(scale * k * (t1 - t0)));\n      let a = theta0;\n      for (let n = 1; n <= panels; n++) {\n        const b = n === panels ? theta1 : Math.acos(1 / (t0 + (t1 - t0) * n / panels)), h = b - a;\n        let panel = 0;\n        for (let g = 0; g < 16; g++) panel += weights[g]! * besselSquareSum(k / Math.cos(a + h * nodes[g]!));\n        sum += panel * h;\n        a = b;\n      }\n      angularNodes += 16 * panels;\n      table[z * size + w] = sum;\n      t0 = t1; theta0 = theta1;\n    }\n  }\n  // Boundaries of cell i along one axis as (half-integer index, weight): the centre cell is twice [0, 1/2].\n  const bounds = (i: number): [number, number][] => i === 0 ? [[0, 2]] : [[i, 1], [i - 1, -1]];\n  const cells = new Float64Array(size * size);\n  for (let j = 0; j < size; j++) for (let i = 0; i < size; i++) {\n    let constant = 0, leak = 0;\n    for (const [a, wa] of bounds(i)) for (const [b, wb] of bounds(j)) {\n      constant += wa * wb;\n      leak += wa * wb * (table[a * size + b]! + table[b * size + a]!);\n    }\n    cells[j * size + i] = constant / 4 - leak / (2 * Math.PI);\n  }\n  return { cells, angularNodes };\n}\n\n/** Frequency-domain cell energies (2.1; see the module comment). Internal. */\nexport function calculateAiryCellEnergiesInFrequencyDomain(beta: number, radius: number, scale = 1): { cells: Float64Array; radialNodes: number; angularNodes: number } {\n  // Bandwidth of the angular and radial integrands: c = π·β·(2R + 1)·√2 (the sinc factors and the highest cosine).\n  const c = Math.PI * beta * (2 * radius + 1) * Math.SQRT2, margin = 10 * Math.cbrt(c) + 24;\n  const quarter = Math.ceil(scale * (c + margin) / 4), radialNodes = Math.ceil(scale * (c + margin));\n  const { nodes, weights } = gaussLegendre(radialNodes), size = radius + 1, cells = new Float64Array(size * size);\n  const ca = new Float64Array(size), cb = new Float64Array(size), angularStep = (Math.PI / 2) / quarter;\n  // cos θ and sin θ of every angular node, computed once with the same expressions as inside the loop (same values).\n  const cosines = new Float64Array(quarter + 1), sines = new Float64Array(quarter + 1);\n  for (let k = 0; k <= quarter; k++) { const theta = k * angularStep; cosines[k] = Math.cos(theta); sines[k] = Math.sin(theta); }\n  for (let r = 0; r < radialNodes; r++) {\n    const t = nodes[r]!, rho = 1 - t * t;\n    // H(1 − t²) without cancellation: acos(1 − t²) = 2·asin(t/√2), ρ·√(1 − ρ²) = ρ·t·√(2 − t²).\n    const otf = (2 / Math.PI) * (2 * Math.asin(t / Math.SQRT2) - rho * t * Math.sqrt(2 - t * t));\n    // ∫₀¹ g(ρ) dρ = ∫₀¹ g(1 − t²)·2t dt; the 4 is the four symmetric quadrants of the angular trapezoid.\n    const radialWeight = weights[r]! * 2 * t * rho * otf * 4 * angularStep;\n    for (let k = 0; k <= quarter; k++) {\n      const x = beta * rho * cosines[k]!, y = beta * rho * sines[k]!;\n      const w = radialWeight * (k === 0 || k === quarter ? 0.5 : 1) * sinc(x) * sinc(y);\n      // cos(2π·i·x) and cos(2π·j·y) by the Chebyshev recurrence.\n      const cx = Math.cos(2 * Math.PI * x), cy = Math.cos(2 * Math.PI * y);\n      ca[0] = 1; cb[0] = 1;\n      if (size > 1) { ca[1] = cx; cb[1] = cy; }\n      for (let i = 2; i < size; i++) { ca[i] = 2 * cx * ca[i - 1]! - ca[i - 2]!; cb[i] = 2 * cy * cb[i - 1]! - cb[i - 2]!; }\n      for (let j = 0; j < size; j++) {\n        const wj = w * cb[j]!;\n        for (let i = 0; i < size; i++) { const o = j * size + i; cells[o] = cells[o]! + wj * ca[i]!; }\n      }\n    }\n  }\n  const area = beta * beta;\n  for (let i = 0; i < cells.length; i++) cells[i] = cells[i]! * area;\n  return { cells, radialNodes, angularNodes: 4 * quarter };\n}\n\n/**\n * Creates a sampled lens PSF profile for an ideal diffraction-limited lens with a circular pupil: one\n * unit-sum Airy kernel per wavelength on one shared (2R+1)² grid, with the truncated energy reported per\n * wavelength. The profile declares the given focal length, f-number and focus exactly, and the field axes\n * ±`fieldHalfExtentMm` with the same kernel at every field node.\n * @param input - See `CreateDiffractionLimitedPsfProfileInput`.\n * @returns The profile and its diffraction record. An approximation; not a measured lens.\n * @see docs/PSF_FOUNDATION.md, \"Diffraction-limited sampled profile (2.1)\".\n */\nexport function createDiffractionLimitedPsfProfile(input: CreateDiffractionLimitedPsfProfileInput): CalculationResult<DiffractionLimitedPsfProfile> {\n  const r = requireAllowlistedRecord(input, [\"aperture\", \"focalLengthMm\", \"apertureFNumber\", \"focus\", \"wavelengthsNm\", \"samplePitchMicrometers\",\n    \"kernelRadiusSamples\", \"fieldHalfExtentMm\", \"profileId\"], \"Invalid diffraction-limited PSF profile input.\");\n  if (r.aperture !== \"circular\") throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"aperture must be \\\"circular\\\".\");\n  const focalLengthMm = positive(r.focalLengthMm, \"focalLengthMm\"), fNumber = positive(r.apertureFNumber, \"apertureFNumber\");\n  const pitch = positive(r.samplePitchMicrometers, \"samplePitchMicrometers\");\n  const L = DIFFRACTION_LIMITED_PSF_PROFILE_LIMITS;\n  const radius = r.kernelRadiusSamples;\n  if (typeof radius !== \"number\" || !Number.isSafeInteger(radius) || radius < 0 || radius > L.maximumKernelRadiusSamples) {\n    throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"kernelRadiusSamples must be an integer from 0 to \" + L.maximumKernelRadiusSamples + \".\");\n  }\n  const focus = requireAllowlistedRecord(r.focus, [\"kind\", \"distanceM\"], \"Invalid focus.\");\n  let focusDiopters: number, distanceMm: number;\n  if (focus.kind === \"infinity\") {\n    if (focus.distanceM !== undefined) throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"An infinity focus has no distanceM.\");\n    focusDiopters = 0; distanceMm = focalLengthMm;\n  } else if (focus.kind === \"finite\") {\n    const distanceM = positive(focus.distanceM, \"focus.distanceM\");\n    focusDiopters = 1 / distanceM;\n    distanceMm = calculateThinLensImageDistance({ focalLengthMm, objectDistanceM: distanceM }).value.imageDistanceMm;\n  } else throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"focus.kind must be finite or infinity.\");\n  const field = requireAllowlistedRecord(r.fieldHalfExtentMm, [\"x\", \"y\"], \"Invalid fieldHalfExtentMm.\");\n  const fieldX = positive(field.x, \"fieldHalfExtentMm.x\"), fieldY = positive(field.y, \"fieldHalfExtentMm.y\");\n  const list = r.wavelengthsNm;\n  if (!Array.isArray(list) || list.length < 1 || list.length > L.maximumWavelengths) throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"wavelengthsNm must list 1 to 64 wavelengths.\");\n  const wavelengths = (list as unknown[]).map((value, index) => positive(value, \"wavelengthsNm[\" + index + \"]\"));\n  for (let i = 1; i < wavelengths.length; i++) if (!(wavelengths[i]! > wavelengths[i - 1]!)) throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"wavelengthsNm must be strictly increasing.\");\n  if (typeof r.profileId !== \"string\" || !/^[A-Za-z0-9][A-Za-z0-9._:-]{0,127}$/.test(r.profileId)) throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"profileId must be a public opaque ID.\");\n\n  const pupilDiameterMm = focalLengthMm / fNumber, workingFNumber = distanceMm / pupilDiameterMm, size = 2 * radius + 1;\n  let maximumRadialNodes = 0, maximumAngularNodes = 0, maximumTruncated = 0;\n  const records: DiffractionLimitedPsfWavelength[] = [], kernels: number[][] = [], realSpaceWavelengthsNm: number[] = [];\n  for (const nm of wavelengths) {\n    const lambdaN = nm / 1000 * workingFNumber, cutoff = 1 / lambdaN;\n    const airy = calculateAiryCellEnergies(pitch * cutoff, radius);\n    if (airy.realSpace) realSpaceWavelengthsNm.push(nm);\n    maximumRadialNodes = Math.max(maximumRadialNodes, airy.radialNodes); maximumAngularNodes = Math.max(maximumAngularNodes, airy.angularNodes);\n    const values: number[] = new Array(size * size);\n    let captured = 0;\n    for (let ky = 0; ky < size; ky++) for (let kx = 0; kx < size; kx++) {\n      const value = airy.cells[Math.abs(ky - radius) * (radius + 1) + Math.abs(kx - radius)]!;\n      // Every cell energy of a non-negative PSF is positive; a negative value would be a quadrature failure.\n      if (!(value > -1e-13)) throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"Diffraction cell integration failed to converge.\");\n      values[ky * size + kx] = Math.max(0, value);\n      captured += values[ky * size + kx]!;\n    }\n    if (!(captured > 0 && captured <= 1 + 1e-9)) throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"Diffraction cell integration failed to converge.\");\n    const truncated = Math.max(0, 1 - captured);\n    maximumTruncated = Math.max(maximumTruncated, truncated);\n    const kernel = values.map((v) => v / captured);\n    kernels.push(kernel);\n    records.push({ wavelengthNm: nm, cutoffFrequencyCyclesPerMicrometer: cutoff, firstZeroRadiusMicrometers: AIRY_FIRST_ZERO_PER_LAMBDA_N * lambdaN,\n      capturedEnergyFraction: captured, truncatedEnergyFraction: truncated, centreSampleFraction: kernel[radius * size + radius]! });\n  }\n  const uncertainty = { kind: \"not-quantified\" as const, limitation: \"Ideal diffraction-limited model; no measured lens or quadrature error bound.\" };\n  const nodes = [-fieldX, fieldX].flatMap((fx) => [-fieldY, fieldY].flatMap((fy) => wavelengths.map((nm, index) => ({\n    nodeId: \"airy-\" + (fx < 0 ? \"xm\" : \"xp\") + \"-\" + (fy < 0 ? \"ym\" : \"yp\") + \"-\" + index,\n    coordinate: { focalLengthMm, focusDiopters, apertureFNumber: fNumber, fieldXmm: fx, fieldYmm: fy, wavelengthNm: nm, signedDefocusImagePlaneMicrometers: 0 },\n    kernel: { widthSamples: size, heightSamples: size, samplePitchMicrometersX: pitch, samplePitchMicrometersY: pitch, centerSampleX: radius, centerSampleY: radius,\n      normalizedIntensity: kernels[index]! },\n    bestFocusImagePlaneOffsetMicrometers: 0, relativePupilThroughputFactor: 1, evidence: EVIDENCE, uncertainty }))));\n  const profile = parseLensSampledPsfProfile({ schemaVersion: \"0.1.0\", profileId: r.profileId, profileVersion: DIFFRACTION_LIMITED_PSF_PROFILE_MODEL.modelVersion,\n    scientificStatus: \"approximation\", opticalDomain: \"lens-primary-optical-path-only\", coordinateSystem: \"image-plane-metric\", fieldAxes: \"+X right, +Y up\",\n    kernelEnergyNormalization: \"unit-energy-shape\", interpolation: \"bounded-regular-grid-multilinear\", throughputOwnership: \"separate-relative-pupil-throughput-factor\",\n    responseIncludes: { diffraction: true, aberration: false, defocus: false, pupilClippingShape: false },\n    sensorOpticalStackIncluded: false, sensorSamplingIncluded: false, reconstructionIncluded: false, strayLightIncluded: false,\n    axes: { focalLengthMm: [focalLengthMm], focusDiopters: [focusDiopters], apertureFNumber: [fNumber], fieldXmm: [-fieldX, fieldX], fieldYmm: [-fieldY, fieldY],\n      wavelengthNm: wavelengths, signedDefocusImagePlaneMicrometers: [0] },\n    nodes, evidence: EVIDENCE, limitations: [...LIMITATIONS] });\n  return approximationResult({ profile, model: DIFFRACTION_LIMITED_PSF_PROFILE_MODEL, pupilDiameterMm, pupilToImageDistanceMm: distanceMm, workingFNumber,\n    kernelRadiusSamples: radius, samplePitchMicrometers: pitch, wavelengths: records, maximumTruncatedEnergyFraction: maximumTruncated,\n    quadrature: realSpaceWavelengthsNm.length === 0 ? { method: \"polar-frequency-domain-trapezoid-gauss-legendre\" as const, maximumRadialNodes, maximumAngularNodes } :\n      { method: realSpaceWavelengthsNm.length === wavelengths.length ? \"real-space-encircled-energy-gauss-legendre\" as const : \"frequency-domain-and-real-space\" as const,\n        maximumRadialNodes, maximumAngularNodes, realSpaceWavelengthsNm } },\n  DIFFRACTION_LIMITED_PSF_PROFILE_MODEL.modelId, DIFFRACTION_LIMITED_PSF_PROFILE_MODEL.modelVersion, [...LIMITATIONS]);\n}\n"]}
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SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0\n\n/**\n * Builds a `LensSampledPsfProfile` for an ideal, aberration-free, in-focus lens with a uniformly lit\n * circular pupil: the Airy pattern of scalar Fraunhofer diffraction, one unit-sum kernel per declared\n * wavelength on ONE shared sample grid (2.1.0).\n *\n * **Model.** The pupil diameter is D = f/N (entrance pupil = exit pupil, unity pupil magnification) and\n * the pupil-to-image distance z is the thin-lens image distance for the focus (f at infinity), so the\n * image-side (working) f-number is N_w = z/D. The incoherent optical transfer function (OTF) of a\n * uniform circular pupil is the normalized autocorrelation of the pupil,\n *   H(ρ) = (2/π)·(acos ρ − ρ·√(1 − ρ²)),  ρ = |f|/f_c ≤ 1,  f_c = 1/(λ·N_w),\n * and the intensity PSF is its inverse Fourier transform (the Airy pattern, first zero at 1.21967·λ·N_w)\n * (MIT OpenCourseWare 2.71 Optics, Spring 2009, lectures 21–22, free: the intensity PSF as the transform of\n * the pupil autocorrelation and the circular-pupil MTF; also see: Goodman, Introduction to Fourier Optics,\n * 4th ed., 2017, §7.3).\n *\n * **Cell integration (exact, no Bessel functions).** Kernel sample (i, j) is the PSF energy inside the\n * square cell of side p centred on (i·p, j·p). The cell integral is the PSF convolved with the cell's\n * indicator, evaluated at the cell centre, so in the frequency domain\n *   K(i, j) = p² ∫∫ H(|f|/f_c)·sinc(p·f_x)·sinc(p·f_y)·cos(2π·p·i·f_x)·cos(2π·p·j·f_y) d²f,\n * with sinc(x) = sin(πx)/(πx) (the sine terms vanish because H is even). It is evaluated in polar\n * coordinates: a trapezoid rule in angle (exponentially convergent for this smooth periodic integrand) and\n * Gauss–Legendre in t with ρ = 1 − t², which removes the (1 − ρ)^{3/2} edge behaviour of H. The node counts\n * follow from the integrand's bandwidth with a fixed margin; the tests check convergence by doubling them and\n * check the values against an independent real-space integration of `calculateIdealPolygonDiffractionPsf` in\n * its many-blade (circular) limit. The sum of all cells is exactly 1 (Parseval), so the energy captured by\n * the finite kernel is Σ K over its window and the truncated energy is 1 − Σ K.\n *\n * **Cells much larger than the pattern (2.5; threshold lowered to β = 32 after 2.8.1).** The frequency-domain node counts grow with β = p·f_c (the\n * cell side over the cut-off period), so the work grows as β². From β ≥ `AIRY_REAL_SPACE_MINIMUM_BETA` (32) the cells are\n * integrated in real space instead, with the same model and no frequency integral: the Airy encircled energy is\n * EE(r) = 1 − J₀(x)² − J₁(x)², x = π·r·f_c (it follows from J₀′ = −J₁ and J₁′ = J₀ − J₁/x, DLMF §10.6(i), free), so\n * the energy of the rectangle [0, X] × [0, Y] is (1/2π)∫ EE(r_edge(θ)) dθ over its quadrant, a one-dimensional\n * integral in θ. Every cell is a signed sum of such rectangles. J₀² + J₁² comes from the Hankel asymptotic expansion\n * (DLMF §10.17(i), eq. 10.17.3, free) from x = 300, with eight terms in each of P and Q (remainder under 1e-17,\n * DLMF §10.17(iii)), and below it from Miller's backward recurrence normalized by J₀ + 2ΣJ₂ₖ = 1 (DLMF §3.6(iii),\n * 10.12.4, free). The θ integral uses 16-point Gauss–Legendre panels on which the phase 2x changes by at most\n * 2 radians, so the work grows only as β. The tests check the two methods against each other from β = 32 to 400, the\n * real-space cells against the asymptotic leakage 8√2/(π³·β) of the centre cell, and convergence under doubled panel\n * counts. The threshold was 192 in 2.5; it moved to 32 because from there the real-space cells agree with the frequency-domain cells\n * within about 1e-12 and cost a few to a few hundred times less (a 750 µm whole-frame cell at f/8 took 3.4 s for 20\n * wavelengths). Every β a native pitch up to 10 µm reaches (at most 10/(0.38·1.4) ≈ 19) stays in the frequency domain,\n * so captures at sensor pitch are unchanged; larger cells (binned and whole-frame views) change in the last bits only.\n *\n * **Reuse (2.6).** The cells depend only on (β, R) (and the test-only node scale), so `calculateAiryCellEnergies` keeps the\n * 256 most recently used results and returns copies: tiles of one frame rendered in the same worker, and captures that\n * change only the exposure, ISO, scene or output, reuse the kernels instead of integrating them again. The frequency-domain\n * loop also takes cos θ and sin θ from a per-call table computed with the same expressions, so the values are unchanged.\n *\n * **Truncation and normalization.** The kernel is the (2R+1)² window of cells. The Airy tails fall only as\n * r⁻³, so a finite window always misses some energy: it is reported per wavelength, and the window is then\n * renormalized to unit sum because the sampled-profile contract requires unit-energy kernels. The missing\n * tail energy is thereby put back inside the window (an approximation that slightly raises low-frequency\n * contrast compared with the untruncated pattern).\n *\n * **Approximations (labelled):** scalar (no polarization), aberration-free, uniform pupil amplitude, exactly in\n * focus (no defocus), thin lens with unity pupil magnification, the on-axis PSF used across the declared field\n * (isoplanatic), PSF energy binned into the sample cells, finite window renormalized. Not a measured lens.\n * @see docs/PSF_FOUNDATION.md, \"Diffraction-limited sampled profile (2.1)\".\n */\n\nimport { approximationResult, type CalculationResult } from \"../core/calculation-result.js\";\nimport { InvalidConfigurationError } from \"../core/configuration-error.js\";\nimport { requireAllowlistedRecord } from \"../core/record-validation.js\";\nimport type { EvidenceProvenance } from \"../core/evidence-provenance.js\";\nimport type { FocusPlane } from \"./focus-state.js\";\nimport { calculateThinLensImageDistance } from \"./thin-lens.js\";\nimport { parseLensSampledPsfProfile, type LensSampledPsfProfile } from \"./lens-psf-profile.js\";\n\nexport const DIFFRACTION_LIMITED_PSF_PROFILE_MODEL = Object.freeze({\n  modelId: \"photivra-diffraction-limited-circular-pupil-psf\" as const, modelVersion: \"1.0.0\" as const });\n/** Input limits: at most 64 wavelengths, kernel radius 0–32 samples (the irradiance-convolution limit). */\nexport const DIFFRACTION_LIMITED_PSF_PROFILE_LIMITS = Object.freeze({ maximumWavelengths: 64, maximumKernelRadiusSamples: 32 });\n/**\n * Internal: β = p·f_c (cell side over the cut-off period) from which `calculateAiryCellEnergies` integrates the cells in\n * real space (2.5). Above every β of a `simulateCapture` pitch up to 100 µm, whose captures keep the frequency-domain values.\n */\nexport const AIRY_REAL_SPACE_MINIMUM_BETA = 32;\n/** Radius of the first dark ring of the Airy pattern in units of λ·N_w: j₁,₁/π, j₁,₁ = 3.8317059702 (first zero of J₁). */\nconst AIRY_FIRST_ZERO_PER_LAMBDA_N = 3.8317059702075125 / Math.PI;\n\nexport interface CreateDiffractionLimitedPsfProfileInput {\n  /** Only `circular` in 2.1.0 (polygon pupils: `calculateIdealPolygonDiffractionPsf` gives point densities). */\n  aperture: \"circular\";\n  focalLengthMm: number;\n  apertureFNumber: number;\n  focus: FocusPlane;\n  /** Strictly increasing wavelengths, nm, in the medium of propagation (no air/vacuum conversion is applied). 1–64. */\n  wavelengthsNm: readonly number[];\n  /** Square sample pitch of every kernel, µm. */\n  samplePitchMicrometers: number;\n  /** Kernel half-width in samples; each kernel is (2R + 1)². 0–32. */\n  kernelRadiusSamples: number;\n  /** Half-extent of the image field over which the on-axis PSF is declared (profile field axes ±x, ±y), mm. */\n  fieldHalfExtentMm: { x: number; y: number };\n  profileId: string;\n}\n\nexport interface DiffractionLimitedPsfWavelength {\n  wavelengthNm: number;\n  /** f_c = 1/(λ·N_w), cycles per µm. */\n  cutoffFrequencyCyclesPerMicrometer: number;\n  /** 1.21967·λ·N_w, µm. */\n  firstZeroRadiusMicrometers: number;\n  /** Σ of the cell energies inside the window before renormalization (of a total of 1). */\n  capturedEnergyFraction: number;\n  /** 1 − capturedEnergyFraction: the Airy tail energy outside the window, put back by renormalization. */\n  truncatedEnergyFraction: number;\n  /** Fraction of the renormalized kernel in the centre sample. */\n  centreSampleFraction: number;\n}\n\nexport interface DiffractionLimitedPsfProfile {\n  profile: LensSampledPsfProfile;\n  model: typeof DIFFRACTION_LIMITED_PSF_PROFILE_MODEL;\n  pupilDiameterMm: number;\n  pupilToImageDistanceMm: number;\n  workingFNumber: number;\n  kernelRadiusSamples: number;\n  samplePitchMicrometers: number;\n  wavelengths: readonly DiffractionLimitedPsfWavelength[];\n  /** Largest truncated energy over the wavelengths. */\n  maximumTruncatedEnergyFraction: number;\n  /**\n   * How the cells were integrated. 2.5: wavelengths with β = p·f_c ≥ `AIRY_REAL_SPACE_MINIMUM_BETA` (192 in 2.5–2.8.1, then 32) use the real-space\n   * encircled-energy method; `realSpaceWavelengthsNm` lists them, and `method` is `\"frequency-domain-and-real-space\"` when both ran.\n   * `maximumRadialNodes` counts frequency-domain radial nodes (0 when only the real-space method ran); `maximumAngularNodes` the\n   * angular nodes of either method (for the real-space method, all θ nodes of one wavelength).\n   */\n  quadrature: { method: \"polar-frequency-domain-trapezoid-gauss-legendre\" | \"real-space-encircled-energy-gauss-legendre\" | \"frequency-domain-and-real-space\";\n    maximumRadialNodes: number; maximumAngularNodes: number; realSpaceWavelengthsNm?: readonly number[] };\n}\n\nconst EVIDENCE: readonly EvidenceProvenance[] = Object.freeze([Object.freeze({ sourceOrigin: \"photivra\" as const,\n  sourceReference: \"photivra:diffraction-limited-psf-profile\", reuseStatus: \"photivra-owned\" as const })]);\nconst LIMITATIONS = Object.freeze([\n  \"Scalar Fraunhofer diffraction of an ideal, uniformly lit circular pupil (Airy pattern); no aberration, apodization, polarization or stray light.\",\n  \"Exactly in focus: no defocus or depth of field. Thin lens with unity pupil magnification; the pupil-to-image distance is the thin-lens image distance.\",\n  \"The on-axis PSF is declared unchanged across the field (isoplanatic); no field-dependent aberration or pupil clipping.\",\n  \"PSF energy is binned into square sample cells; the finite window misses the Airy tail energy listed per wavelength and is renormalized to unit sum.\",\n  \"Wavelengths are used as given, in the declared basis, without air/vacuum conversion.\"\n]);\n\nfunction positive(value: unknown, name: string): number {\n  if (typeof value !== \"number\" || !Number.isFinite(value) || value <= 0) throw new InvalidConfigurationError(name + \" must be a positive finite number.\");\n  return value;\n}\n\n/** Gauss–Legendre nodes and weights on [0, 1] (Newton iteration on Pₙ; DLMF §3.5(v)). Cached per n. */\nconst GAUSS_LEGENDRE = new Map<number, { nodes: Float64Array; weights: Float64Array }>();\nfunction gaussLegendre(n: number): { nodes: Float64Array; weights: Float64Array } {\n  const cached = GAUSS_LEGENDRE.get(n);\n  if (cached) return cached;\n  const nodes = new Float64Array(n), weights = new Float64Array(n);\n  for (let k = 0; k < Math.ceil(n / 2); k++) {\n    let x = Math.cos(Math.PI * (k + 0.75) / (n + 0.5));\n    for (let iteration = 0; iteration < 100; iteration++) {\n      let p0 = 1, p1 = x;\n      for (let m = 2; m <= n; m++) { const p2 = ((2 * m - 1) * x * p1 - (m - 1) * p0) / m; p0 = p1; p1 = p2; }\n      const step = p1 / (n * (x * p1 - p0) / (x * x - 1));\n      x -= step;\n      if (Math.abs(step) < 1e-16) break;\n    }\n    let p0 = 1, p1 = x;\n    for (let m = 2; m <= n; m++) { const p2 = ((2 * m - 1) * x * p1 - (m - 1) * p0) / m; p0 = p1; p1 = p2; }\n    const derivative = n * (x * p1 - p0) / (x * x - 1);\n    const w = 1 / ((1 - x * x) * derivative * derivative);\n    // Map [-1, 1] to [0, 1]: t = (1 ± x)/2, weight w (2/(1-x²)P'² halved).\n    nodes[k] = (1 - x) / 2; weights[k] = w;\n    nodes[n - 1 - k] = (1 + x) / 2; weights[n - 1 - k] = w;\n  }\n  const result = { nodes, weights };\n  if (GAUSS_LEGENDRE.size < 64) GAUSS_LEGENDRE.set(n, result);\n  return result;\n}\nfunction sinc(x: number): number {\n  if (x === 0) return 1;\n  const a = Math.PI * x;\n  return Math.sin(a) / a;\n}\n\n/**\n * Cell energies K(i, j), 0 ≤ i, j ≤ R, of the Airy pattern for β = p·f_c (cell side in units of the cut-off\n * period): in the frequency domain below `AIRY_REAL_SPACE_MINIMUM_BETA`, in real space from it (2.5). `scale`\n * multiplies the node or panel counts (1 in production; the tests use 2 to check convergence).\n */\nexport function calculateAiryCellEnergies(beta: number, radius: number, scale = 1): { cells: Float64Array; radialNodes: number; angularNodes: number; realSpace: boolean } {\n  // 2.6: a pure function of (β, R, scale), so results are memoized (most recently used first) and handed out as copies.\n  // Tiles of one frame, and captures that change only the exposure or the scene, rebuild the same kernels.\n  const key = beta + \"|\" + radius + \"|\" + scale, cached = AIRY_CELL_CACHE.get(key);\n  if (cached) {\n    AIRY_CELL_CACHE.delete(key); AIRY_CELL_CACHE.set(key, cached);\n    return { ...cached, cells: cached.cells.slice() };\n  }\n  const result = beta >= AIRY_REAL_SPACE_MINIMUM_BETA ? { ...calculateAiryCellEnergiesInRealSpace(beta, radius, scale), radialNodes: 0, realSpace: true } :\n    { ...calculateAiryCellEnergiesInFrequencyDomain(beta, radius, scale), realSpace: false };\n  AIRY_CELL_CACHE.set(key, { ...result, cells: result.cells.slice() });\n  if (AIRY_CELL_CACHE.size > AIRY_CELL_CACHE_ENTRIES) AIRY_CELL_CACHE.delete(AIRY_CELL_CACHE.keys().next().value!);\n  return result;\n}\n/** Memoized cell energies (2.6): 256 entries of (R + 1)² values, at most 256 × 33² × 8 bytes ≈ 2.2 MB. */\nconst AIRY_CELL_CACHE_ENTRIES = 256;\nconst AIRY_CELL_CACHE = new Map<string, { cells: Float64Array; radialNodes: number; angularNodes: number; realSpace: boolean }>();\n\n/** Hankel asymptotic coefficients a_k(ν) of DLMF 10.17.1 for ν = 0 and 1, k = 0..15. */\nconst HANKEL = ((): { a0: Float64Array; a1: Float64Array } => {\n  const a0 = new Float64Array(16), a1 = new Float64Array(16);\n  a0[0] = 1; a1[0] = 1;\n  for (let k = 1; k < 16; k++) {\n    const odd = (2 * k - 1) * (2 * k - 1);\n    a0[k] = a0[k - 1]! * (0 - odd) / (8 * k);\n    a1[k] = a1[k - 1]! * (4 - odd) / (8 * k);\n  }\n  return { a0, a1 };\n})();\n/** Smallest argument of `besselSquareSum`: there the 16-term expansion's remainder is below 1e-17. */\nconst HANKEL_MINIMUM_ARGUMENT = 300;\n\n/**\n * J₀(x)² + J₁(x)² for x > 0. From x ≥ 300 by the Hankel expansion J_ν(x) = √(2/(πx))·(P_ν cos ω_ν − Q_ν sin ω_ν), ω_ν = x − νπ/2 − π/4,\n * P_ν = Σ(−1)^k a_2k(ν)/x^2k, Q_ν = Σ(−1)^k a_2k+1(ν)/x^2k+1 (DLMF 10.17.3), eight terms each. With ω₁ = ω₀ − π/2,\n * J₁ = √(2/(πx))·(P₁ sin ω₀ + Q₁ cos ω₀). Below 300 by Miller's backward recurrence J_{n−1} = (2n/x)·J_n − J_{n+1} (DLMF 10.6.1;\n * the algorithm, DLMF §3.6(iii)), started at an order above x where J_n is negligible, normalized by J₀ + 2·Σ J_2k = 1\n * (DLMF 10.12.4). Internal.\n */\nexport function besselSquareSum(x: number): number {\n  if (!(x > 0) || !Number.isFinite(x)) throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"J0 and J1 need a positive finite argument.\");\n  if (x < HANKEL_MINIMUM_ARGUMENT) return besselSquareSumByRecurrence(x);\n  const { a0, a1 } = HANKEL, inverse = 1 / x;\n  let p0 = 0, q0 = 0, p1 = 0, q1 = 0, power = 1;\n  for (let k = 0; k < 16; k++) {\n    const sign = (k >> 1) % 2 === 0 ? 1 : -1;\n    if (k % 2 === 0) { p0 += sign * a0[k]! * power; p1 += sign * a1[k]! * power; } else { q0 += sign * a0[k]! * power; q1 += sign * a1[k]! * power; }\n    power *= inverse;\n  }\n  const omega = x - Math.PI / 4, c = Math.cos(omega), s = Math.sin(omega);\n  const j0 = p0 * c - q0 * s, j1 = p1 * s + q1 * c;\n  return 2 / (Math.PI * x) * (j0 * j0 + j1 * j1);\n}\n/**\n * Miller's backward recurrence for 0 < x < 300 (see `besselSquareSum`). The start order x + 10·∛x + 40 (even) lies far enough in the\n * region where J_n(x) falls faster than exponentially that the start values' error is below double precision at J₀ and J₁; the\n * values are rescaled when they grow large, and normalized before squaring.\n */\nfunction besselSquareSumByRecurrence(x: number): number {\n  const start = 2 * Math.ceil((x + 10 * Math.cbrt(x) + 40) / 2);\n  let next = 0, current = 1e-100, sum = 0, j1 = 0;\n  for (let n = start; n >= 1; n--) {\n    const previous = (2 * n / x) * current - next;\n    next = current; current = previous;\n    if (n - 1 === 1) j1 = current;\n    if (n - 1 > 0 && (n - 1) % 2 === 0) sum += 2 * current;\n    if (Math.abs(current) > 1e100) { current *= 1e-100; next *= 1e-100; sum *= 1e-100; j1 *= 1e-100; }\n  }\n  sum += current;\n  const j0 = current / sum, j1n = j1 / sum;\n  return j0 * j0 + j1n * j1n;\n}\n\n/**\n * Real-space cell energies (2.5): see the module comment. G(Z, φ) = ∫₀^φ [J₀² + J₁²](π·β·Z/cos θ) dθ for cell boundaries at\n * half-integer distances Z (in cells), accumulated along θ for each Z with every needed φ = atan(W/Z) as a panel boundary.\n * The rectangle [0, X] × [0, Y] holds 1/4 − (G(X, atan(Y/X)) + G(Y, atan(X/Y)))/(2π) of the energy. Internal.\n */\nexport function calculateAiryCellEnergiesInRealSpace(beta: number, radius: number, scale = 1): { cells: Float64Array; angularNodes: number } {\n  const size = radius + 1, table = new Float64Array(size * size), { nodes, weights } = gaussLegendre(16);\n  let angularNodes = 0;\n  for (let z = 0; z < size; z++) {\n    const Z = z + 0.5, k = Math.PI * beta * Z;\n    let sum = 0, t0 = 1, theta0 = 0;\n    for (let w = 0; w < size; w++) {\n      // Panels equal in t = 1/cos θ, so the phase 2x = 2kt changes by at most 2 radians on each.\n      const t1 = Math.hypot(Z, w + 0.5) / Z, theta1 = Math.atan2(w + 0.5, Z), panels = Math.max(1, Math.ceil(scale * k * (t1 - t0)));\n      let a = theta0;\n      for (let n = 1; n <= panels; n++) {\n        const b = n === panels ? theta1 : Math.acos(1 / (t0 + (t1 - t0) * n / panels)), h = b - a;\n        let panel = 0;\n        for (let g = 0; g < 16; g++) panel += weights[g]! * besselSquareSum(k / Math.cos(a + h * nodes[g]!));\n        sum += panel * h;\n        a = b;\n      }\n      angularNodes += 16 * panels;\n      table[z * size + w] = sum;\n      t0 = t1; theta0 = theta1;\n    }\n  }\n  // Boundaries of cell i along one axis as (half-integer index, weight): the centre cell is twice [0, 1/2].\n  const bounds = (i: number): [number, number][] => i === 0 ? [[0, 2]] : [[i, 1], [i - 1, -1]];\n  const cells = new Float64Array(size * size);\n  for (let j = 0; j < size; j++) for (let i = 0; i < size; i++) {\n    let constant = 0, leak = 0;\n    for (const [a, wa] of bounds(i)) for (const [b, wb] of bounds(j)) {\n      constant += wa * wb;\n      leak += wa * wb * (table[a * size + b]! + table[b * size + a]!);\n    }\n    cells[j * size + i] = constant / 4 - leak / (2 * Math.PI);\n  }\n  return { cells, angularNodes };\n}\n\n/** Frequency-domain cell energies (2.1; see the module comment). Internal. */\nexport function calculateAiryCellEnergiesInFrequencyDomain(beta: number, radius: number, scale = 1): { cells: Float64Array; radialNodes: number; angularNodes: number } {\n  // Bandwidth of the angular and radial integrands: c = π·β·(2R + 1)·√2 (the sinc factors and the highest cosine).\n  const c = Math.PI * beta * (2 * radius + 1) * Math.SQRT2, margin = 10 * Math.cbrt(c) + 24;\n  const quarter = Math.ceil(scale * (c + margin) / 4), radialNodes = Math.ceil(scale * (c + margin));\n  const { nodes, weights } = gaussLegendre(radialNodes), size = radius + 1, cells = new Float64Array(size * size);\n  const ca = new Float64Array(size), cb = new Float64Array(size), angularStep = (Math.PI / 2) / quarter;\n  // cos θ and sin θ of every angular node, computed once with the same expressions as inside the loop (same values).\n  const cosines = new Float64Array(quarter + 1), sines = new Float64Array(quarter + 1);\n  for (let k = 0; k <= quarter; k++) { const theta = k * angularStep; cosines[k] = Math.cos(theta); sines[k] = Math.sin(theta); }\n  for (let r = 0; r < radialNodes; r++) {\n    const t = nodes[r]!, rho = 1 - t * t;\n    // H(1 − t²) without cancellation: acos(1 − t²) = 2·asin(t/√2), ρ·√(1 − ρ²) = ρ·t·√(2 − t²).\n    const otf = (2 / Math.PI) * (2 * Math.asin(t / Math.SQRT2) - rho * t * Math.sqrt(2 - t * t));\n    // ∫₀¹ g(ρ) dρ = ∫₀¹ g(1 − t²)·2t dt; the 4 is the four symmetric quadrants of the angular trapezoid.\n    const radialWeight = weights[r]! * 2 * t * rho * otf * 4 * angularStep;\n    for (let k = 0; k <= quarter; k++) {\n      const x = beta * rho * cosines[k]!, y = beta * rho * sines[k]!;\n      const w = radialWeight * (k === 0 || k === quarter ? 0.5 : 1) * sinc(x) * sinc(y);\n      // cos(2π·i·x) and cos(2π·j·y) by the Chebyshev recurrence.\n      const cx = Math.cos(2 * Math.PI * x), cy = Math.cos(2 * Math.PI * y);\n      ca[0] = 1; cb[0] = 1;\n      if (size > 1) { ca[1] = cx; cb[1] = cy; }\n      for (let i = 2; i < size; i++) { ca[i] = 2 * cx * ca[i - 1]! - ca[i - 2]!; cb[i] = 2 * cy * cb[i - 1]! - cb[i - 2]!; }\n      for (let j = 0; j < size; j++) {\n        const wj = w * cb[j]!;\n        for (let i = 0; i < size; i++) { const o = j * size + i; cells[o] = cells[o]! + wj * ca[i]!; }\n      }\n    }\n  }\n  const area = beta * beta;\n  for (let i = 0; i < cells.length; i++) cells[i] = cells[i]! * area;\n  return { cells, radialNodes, angularNodes: 4 * quarter };\n}\n\n/**\n * Creates a sampled lens PSF profile for an ideal diffraction-limited lens with a circular pupil: one\n * unit-sum Airy kernel per wavelength on one shared (2R+1)² grid, with the truncated energy reported per\n * wavelength. The profile declares the given focal length, f-number and focus exactly, and the field axes\n * ±`fieldHalfExtentMm` with the same kernel at every field node.\n * @param input - See `CreateDiffractionLimitedPsfProfileInput`.\n * @returns The profile and its diffraction record. An approximation; not a measured lens.\n * @see docs/PSF_FOUNDATION.md, \"Diffraction-limited sampled profile (2.1)\".\n */\nexport function createDiffractionLimitedPsfProfile(input: CreateDiffractionLimitedPsfProfileInput): CalculationResult<DiffractionLimitedPsfProfile> {\n  const r = requireAllowlistedRecord(input, [\"aperture\", \"focalLengthMm\", \"apertureFNumber\", \"focus\", \"wavelengthsNm\", \"samplePitchMicrometers\",\n    \"kernelRadiusSamples\", \"fieldHalfExtentMm\", \"profileId\"], \"Invalid diffraction-limited PSF profile input.\");\n  if (r.aperture !== \"circular\") throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"aperture must be \\\"circular\\\".\");\n  const focalLengthMm = positive(r.focalLengthMm, \"focalLengthMm\"), fNumber = positive(r.apertureFNumber, \"apertureFNumber\");\n  const pitch = positive(r.samplePitchMicrometers, \"samplePitchMicrometers\");\n  const L = DIFFRACTION_LIMITED_PSF_PROFILE_LIMITS;\n  const radius = r.kernelRadiusSamples;\n  if (typeof radius !== \"number\" || !Number.isSafeInteger(radius) || radius < 0 || radius > L.maximumKernelRadiusSamples) {\n    throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"kernelRadiusSamples must be an integer from 0 to \" + L.maximumKernelRadiusSamples + \".\");\n  }\n  const focus = requireAllowlistedRecord(r.focus, [\"kind\", \"distanceM\"], \"Invalid focus.\");\n  let focusDiopters: number, distanceMm: number;\n  if (focus.kind === \"infinity\") {\n    if (focus.distanceM !== undefined) throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"An infinity focus has no distanceM.\");\n    focusDiopters = 0; distanceMm = focalLengthMm;\n  } else if (focus.kind === \"finite\") {\n    const distanceM = positive(focus.distanceM, \"focus.distanceM\");\n    focusDiopters = 1 / distanceM;\n    distanceMm = calculateThinLensImageDistance({ focalLengthMm, objectDistanceM: distanceM }).value.imageDistanceMm;\n  } else throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"focus.kind must be finite or infinity.\");\n  const field = requireAllowlistedRecord(r.fieldHalfExtentMm, [\"x\", \"y\"], \"Invalid fieldHalfExtentMm.\");\n  const fieldX = positive(field.x, \"fieldHalfExtentMm.x\"), fieldY = positive(field.y, \"fieldHalfExtentMm.y\");\n  const list = r.wavelengthsNm;\n  if (!Array.isArray(list) || list.length < 1 || list.length > L.maximumWavelengths) throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"wavelengthsNm must list 1 to 64 wavelengths.\");\n  const wavelengths = (list as unknown[]).map((value, index) => positive(value, \"wavelengthsNm[\" + index + \"]\"));\n  for (let i = 1; i < wavelengths.length; i++) if (!(wavelengths[i]! > wavelengths[i - 1]!)) throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"wavelengthsNm must be strictly increasing.\");\n  if (typeof r.profileId !== \"string\" || !/^[A-Za-z0-9][A-Za-z0-9._:-]{0,127}$/.test(r.profileId)) throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"profileId must be a public opaque ID.\");\n\n  const pupilDiameterMm = focalLengthMm / fNumber, workingFNumber = distanceMm / pupilDiameterMm, size = 2 * radius + 1;\n  let maximumRadialNodes = 0, maximumAngularNodes = 0, maximumTruncated = 0;\n  const records: DiffractionLimitedPsfWavelength[] = [], kernels: number[][] = [], realSpaceWavelengthsNm: number[] = [];\n  for (const nm of wavelengths) {\n    const lambdaN = nm / 1000 * workingFNumber, cutoff = 1 / lambdaN;\n    const airy = calculateAiryCellEnergies(pitch * cutoff, radius);\n    if (airy.realSpace) realSpaceWavelengthsNm.push(nm);\n    maximumRadialNodes = Math.max(maximumRadialNodes, airy.radialNodes); maximumAngularNodes = Math.max(maximumAngularNodes, airy.angularNodes);\n    const values: number[] = new Array(size * size);\n    let captured = 0;\n    for (let ky = 0; ky < size; ky++) for (let kx = 0; kx < size; kx++) {\n      const value = airy.cells[Math.abs(ky - radius) * (radius + 1) + Math.abs(kx - radius)]!;\n      // Every cell energy of a non-negative PSF is positive; a negative value would be a quadrature failure.\n      if (!(value > -1e-13)) throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"Diffraction cell integration failed to converge.\");\n      values[ky * size + kx] = Math.max(0, value);\n      captured += values[ky * size + kx]!;\n    }\n    if (!(captured > 0 && captured <= 1 + 1e-9)) throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"Diffraction cell integration failed to converge.\");\n    const truncated = Math.max(0, 1 - captured);\n    maximumTruncated = Math.max(maximumTruncated, truncated);\n    const kernel = values.map((v) => v / captured);\n    kernels.push(kernel);\n    records.push({ wavelengthNm: nm, cutoffFrequencyCyclesPerMicrometer: cutoff, firstZeroRadiusMicrometers: AIRY_FIRST_ZERO_PER_LAMBDA_N * lambdaN,\n      capturedEnergyFraction: captured, truncatedEnergyFraction: truncated, centreSampleFraction: kernel[radius * size + radius]! });\n  }\n  const uncertainty = { kind: \"not-quantified\" as const, limitation: \"Ideal diffraction-limited model; no measured lens or quadrature error bound.\" };\n  const nodes = [-fieldX, fieldX].flatMap((fx) => [-fieldY, fieldY].flatMap((fy) => wavelengths.map((nm, index) => ({\n    nodeId: \"airy-\" + (fx < 0 ? \"xm\" : \"xp\") + \"-\" + (fy < 0 ? \"ym\" : \"yp\") + \"-\" + index,\n    coordinate: { focalLengthMm, focusDiopters, apertureFNumber: fNumber, fieldXmm: fx, fieldYmm: fy, wavelengthNm: nm, signedDefocusImagePlaneMicrometers: 0 },\n    kernel: { widthSamples: size, heightSamples: size, samplePitchMicrometersX: pitch, samplePitchMicrometersY: pitch, centerSampleX: radius, centerSampleY: radius,\n      normalizedIntensity: kernels[index]! },\n    bestFocusImagePlaneOffsetMicrometers: 0, relativePupilThroughputFactor: 1, evidence: EVIDENCE, uncertainty }))));\n  const profile = parseLensSampledPsfProfile({ schemaVersion: \"0.1.0\", profileId: r.profileId, profileVersion: DIFFRACTION_LIMITED_PSF_PROFILE_MODEL.modelVersion,\n    scientificStatus: \"approximation\", opticalDomain: \"lens-primary-optical-path-only\", coordinateSystem: \"image-plane-metric\", fieldAxes: \"+X right, +Y up\",\n    kernelEnergyNormalization: \"unit-energy-shape\", interpolation: \"bounded-regular-grid-multilinear\", throughputOwnership: \"separate-relative-pupil-throughput-factor\",\n    responseIncludes: { diffraction: true, aberration: false, defocus: false, pupilClippingShape: false },\n    sensorOpticalStackIncluded: false, sensorSamplingIncluded: false, reconstructionIncluded: false, strayLightIncluded: false,\n    axes: { focalLengthMm: [focalLengthMm], focusDiopters: [focusDiopters], apertureFNumber: [fNumber], fieldXmm: [-fieldX, fieldX], fieldYmm: [-fieldY, fieldY],\n      wavelengthNm: wavelengths, signedDefocusImagePlaneMicrometers: [0] },\n    nodes, evidence: EVIDENCE, limitations: [...LIMITATIONS] });\n  return approximationResult({ profile, model: DIFFRACTION_LIMITED_PSF_PROFILE_MODEL, pupilDiameterMm, pupilToImageDistanceMm: distanceMm, workingFNumber,\n    kernelRadiusSamples: radius, samplePitchMicrometers: pitch, wavelengths: records, maximumTruncatedEnergyFraction: maximumTruncated,\n    quadrature: realSpaceWavelengthsNm.length === 0 ? { method: \"polar-frequency-domain-trapezoid-gauss-legendre\" as const, maximumRadialNodes, maximumAngularNodes } :\n      { method: realSpaceWavelengthsNm.length === wavelengths.length ? \"real-space-encircled-energy-gauss-legendre\" as const : \"frequency-domain-and-real-space\" as const,\n        maximumRadialNodes, maximumAngularNodes, realSpaceWavelengthsNm } },\n  DIFFRACTION_LIMITED_PSF_PROFILE_MODEL.modelId, DIFFRACTION_LIMITED_PSF_PROFILE_MODEL.modelVersion, [...LIMITATIONS]);\n}\n"]}

package/dist/optics/irradiance-convolution.d.ts

@@ -64,3 +64,14 @@ export declare function calculateIrradianceConvolution(input: IrradianceConvolut
     plan: IrradianceConvolutionPlan;
     values: Float64Array;
 };
+/**
+ * Internal (#453; not exported from the package): runs several convolutions that share one geometry (width, height,
+ * kernel radius, patch size, boundary, pixel limit) with one validation of that geometry. The first call is
+ * `calculateIrradianceConvolution` itself, with every check. Each later call checks its own arrays exactly as the plan
+ * does (array types and lengths against the geometry, every sample, every kernel weight and kernel sum, with the same
+ * messages) and then runs the same gather (`convolveIrradianceRows`) with the first call's plan, whose geometry fields are
+ * the same numbers a full validation of this call would give. The values are therefore identical to one
+ * `calculateIrradianceConvolution` per call; only the repeated record and geometry checks are skipped.
+ * @internal
+ */
+export declare function createIrradianceConvolutionRunner(geometry: Omit<IrradianceConvolutionInput, "samples" | "kernels">): (samples: Float32Array | Float64Array, kernels: Float32Array | Float64Array) => Float64Array;

package/dist/optics/irradiance-convolution.js

@@ -49,6 +49,38 @@ function positiveInteger(value, maximum) {
     }
     return value;
 }
+/** Checks every sample (finite, non-negative, within the declared magnitude) and returns the largest. */
+function checkedMaximumSampleMagnitude(samples) {
+    let maximumSampleMagnitude = 0;
+    for (let i = 0; i < samples.length; i++) {
+        const v = samples[i];
+        // Negated comparison also rejects NaN.
+        if (!(v >= 0 && v <= IRRADIANCE_CONVOLUTION_LIMITS.maximumSampleMagnitude)) {
+            throw new InvalidConfigurationError("Irradiance samples must be finite, non-negative and within the declared magnitude.");
+        }
+        if (v > maximumSampleMagnitude)
+            maximumSampleMagnitude = v;
+    }
+    return maximumSampleMagnitude;
+}
+/** Checks every kernel weight (finite, in [0, 1]) and kernel sum (at most 1 plus slack) and returns the largest sum. */
+function checkedMaximumKernelSum(kernels, patchCount, tapCount) {
+    let maximumKernelSum = 0;
+    for (let p = 0; p < patchCount; p++) {
+        let sum = 0;
+        for (let t = p * tapCount, end = t + tapCount; t < end; t++) {
+            const w = kernels[t];
+            if (!(w >= 0 && w <= 1))
+                throw new InvalidConfigurationError("PSF kernel weights must be finite and within [0, 1].");
+            sum += w;
+        }
+        if (sum > IRRADIANCE_CONVOLUTION_LIMITS.maximumKernelSum)
+            throw new InvalidConfigurationError("A PSF kernel may not create energy (sum exceeds 1).");
+        if (sum > maximumKernelSum)
+            maximumKernelSum = sum;
+    }
+    return maximumKernelSum;
+}
 /** Validates the request and returns its plan. Every sample and weight is checked once. */
 export function calculateIrradianceConvolutionPlan(input) {
     const r = requireAllowlistedRecord(input, ["schemaVersion", "width", "height", "samples", "kernelRadius", "patchWidth",
@@ -76,30 +108,8 @@ export function calculateIrradianceConvolutionPlan(input) {
         !(kernels instanceof Float32Array || kernels instanceof Float64Array) || kernels.length !== patchCount * tapCount) {
         throw new InvalidConfigurationError("Irradiance convolution arrays do not match the declared geometry.");
     }
-    let maximumSampleMagnitude = 0;
-    for (let i = 0; i < samples.length; i++) {
-        const v = samples[i];
-        // Negated comparison also rejects NaN.
-        if (!(v >= 0 && v <= L.maximumSampleMagnitude)) {
-            throw new InvalidConfigurationError("Irradiance samples must be finite, non-negative and within the declared magnitude.");
-        }
-        if (v > maximumSampleMagnitude)
-            maximumSampleMagnitude = v;
-    }
-    let maximumKernelSum = 0;
-    for (let p = 0; p < patchCount; p++) {
-        let sum = 0;
-        for (let t = p * tapCount, end = t + tapCount; t < end; t++) {
-            const w = kernels[t];
-            if (!(w >= 0 && w <= 1))
-                throw new InvalidConfigurationError("PSF kernel weights must be finite and within [0, 1].");
-            sum += w;
-        }
-        if (sum > L.maximumKernelSum)
-            throw new InvalidConfigurationError("A PSF kernel may not create energy (sum exceeds 1).");
-        if (sum > maximumKernelSum)
-            maximumKernelSum = sum;
-    }
+    const maximumSampleMagnitude = checkedMaximumSampleMagnitude(samples);
+    const maximumKernelSum = checkedMaximumKernelSum(kernels, patchCount, tapCount);
     return Object.freeze({ width, height, kernelRadius: radius, kernelSize, tapCount, patchWidth, patchHeight, patchColumns, patchRows,
         maximumKernelSum, maximumSampleMagnitude });
 }
@@ -139,4 +149,34 @@ export function calculateIrradianceConvolution(input) {
     convolveIrradianceRows(plan, input.samples, input.kernels, 0, plan.height, values);
     return { plan, values };
 }
+/**
+ * Internal (#453; not exported from the package): runs several convolutions that share one geometry (width, height,
+ * kernel radius, patch size, boundary, pixel limit) with one validation of that geometry. The first call is
+ * `calculateIrradianceConvolution` itself, with every check. Each later call checks its own arrays exactly as the plan
+ * does (array types and lengths against the geometry, every sample, every kernel weight and kernel sum, with the same
+ * messages) and then runs the same gather (`convolveIrradianceRows`) with the first call's plan, whose geometry fields are
+ * the same numbers a full validation of this call would give. The values are therefore identical to one
+ * `calculateIrradianceConvolution` per call; only the repeated record and geometry checks are skipped.
+ * @internal
+ */
+export function createIrradianceConvolutionRunner(geometry) {
+    let plan;
+    return (samples, kernels) => {
+        if (plan === undefined) {
+            const first = calculateIrradianceConvolution({ ...geometry, samples, kernels });
+            plan = first.plan;
+            return first.values;
+        }
+        const patchCount = plan.patchColumns * plan.patchRows;
+        if (!(samples instanceof Float32Array || samples instanceof Float64Array) || samples.length !== plan.width * plan.height ||
+            !(kernels instanceof Float32Array || kernels instanceof Float64Array) || kernels.length !== patchCount * plan.tapCount) {
+            throw new InvalidConfigurationError("Irradiance convolution arrays do not match the declared geometry.");
+        }
+        checkedMaximumSampleMagnitude(samples);
+        checkedMaximumKernelSum(kernels, patchCount, plan.tapCount);
+        const values = new Float64Array(plan.width * plan.height);
+        convolveIrradianceRows(plan, samples, kernels, 0, plan.height, values);
+        return values;
+    };
+}
 //# sourceMappingURL=irradiance-convolution.js.map

package/dist/optics/irradiance-convolution.js.map

@@ -1 +1 @@
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SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0\n\n/**\n * Blurs a sampled image-plane quantity with caller-supplied PSF (point-spread function) kernels, one\n * kernel per patch of the image. The quantity must be linear and additive (for example irradiance).\n * Each patch is treated as shift-invariant (\"isoplanatic\"): the same PSF applies everywhere inside it.\n * The PSFs are incoherent intensity PSFs.\n *\n * This is the CPU float64 reference for the optics-as-convolution step (#277). The `webgpu-f32`\n * path runs the same equation; see docs/WEBGPU.md.\n *\n * Equation (indexed by source site; an energy-conserving scatter written as a gather):\n *   out(x, y) = Σ_{v=-r..r} Σ_{u=-r..r} in(x − u, y − v) · K_{p(x − u, y − v)}(u, v)\n * where `p(s)` is the patch containing the **source** site and `K_p(u, v)` is the fraction of the source\n * site's quantity that lands at displacement (+u right, +v down), in grid sites.\n *\n * Incoherent imaging is a linear sum of intensity PSFs: the output intensity is the input intensity\n * convolved with the intensity PSF (MIT OpenCourseWare 2.71 Optics, Spring 2009, lecture 22, free).\n * A PSF that varies across the field is approximated as constant inside each patch, as in methods\n * that divide the image into isoplanatic subsections (van de Ketterij et al., arXiv:2011.01738,\n * sec. 1, free). Also see: Goodman, Introduction to Fourier Optics, 4th ed., 2017, §7.1. Camera\n * simulators such as ISETCam use the same piecewise shift-invariant method\n * (Farrell et al., Proc. SPIE 8299, 2012). The caller chooses the patch size and kernels, and so\n * owns the patch approximation.\n *\n * Edges: the grid holds every source. Sources outside the grid are not represented. Anything\n * scattered outside the grid is lost; compare `inputSum` with `outputSum` to see how much. There is no\n * padding, reflection or renormalization.\n */\nimport { InvalidConfigurationError } from \"../core/configuration-error.js\";\nimport { requireAllowlistedRecord } from \"../core/record-validation.js\";\nimport { FULL_RESOLUTION_CEILING_PIXELS, resolveRaisedLimit } from \"../core/pixel-limits.js\";\n\nexport const IRRADIANCE_CONVOLUTION_SCHEMA_VERSION = \"0.1.0\" as const;\n/** `maximumPixels` is the default grid limit; a request may raise it with its own `maximumPixels`, up to `ceilingPixels`. */\nexport const IRRADIANCE_CONVOLUTION_LIMITS = Object.freeze({\n  maximumPixels: 24_000_000,\n  ceilingPixels: FULL_RESOLUTION_CEILING_PIXELS,\n  maximumDimension: 16_384,\n  maximumKernelRadius: 32,\n  maximumPatchCount: 4_096,\n  maximumKernelWeights: 4_194_304,\n  /** A kernel may lose energy (vignetting, transmission) but may not create it, beyond rounding slack. */\n  maximumKernelSum: 1 + 2 ** -20,\n  /** Inputs larger than this are rejected so that float32 execution cannot overflow. */\n  maximumSampleMagnitude: 2 ** 100\n});\n\nexport interface IrradianceConvolutionInput {\n  schemaVersion: typeof IRRADIANCE_CONVOLUTION_SCHEMA_VERSION;\n  width: number;\n  height: number;\n  /** Row-major samples. Finite, non-negative, linear and additive (for example irradiance, or expected photons per site). */\n  samples: Float32Array | Float64Array;\n  /** Kernel half-width in grid sites. Each kernel is (2r+1)×(2r+1). */\n  kernelRadius: number;\n  /** Patch size in grid sites. The last row and column of patches may be partial. */\n  patchWidth: number;\n  patchHeight: number;\n  /**\n   * Finite non-negative weights, `[patchRow][patchColumn][v + r][u + r]`, one kernel per patch in\n   * row-major patch order. Each kernel sums to at most 1 (+2^-20 rounding slack).\n   */\n  kernels: Float32Array | Float64Array;\n  boundary: \"zero-outside-grid\";\n  /**\n   * Optional opt-in grid limit for large images: an integer from 1 to `IRRADIANCE_CONVOLUTION_LIMITS.ceilingPixels`.\n   * Default `IRRADIANCE_CONVOLUTION_LIMITS.maximumPixels` (24 000 000). It does not change the result.\n   */\n  maximumPixels?: number;\n}\n\n/** Validated, immutable geometry of a convolution request. Sample arrays are borrowed, not copied. */\nexport interface IrradianceConvolutionPlan {\n  width: number;\n  height: number;\n  kernelRadius: number;\n  kernelSize: number;\n  tapCount: number;\n  patchWidth: number;\n  patchHeight: number;\n  patchColumns: number;\n  patchRows: number;\n  /** Largest kernel sum and largest input magnitude. The float32 error bound uses them. */\n  maximumKernelSum: number;\n  maximumSampleMagnitude: number;\n}\n\nfunction positiveInteger(value: unknown, maximum: number): number {\n  if (typeof value !== \"number\" || !Number.isSafeInteger(value) || value <= 0 || value > maximum) {\n    throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"Invalid irradiance convolution geometry.\");\n  }\n  return value;\n}\n\n/** Validates the request and returns its plan. Every sample and weight is checked once. */\nexport function calculateIrradianceConvolutionPlan(input: IrradianceConvolutionInput): IrradianceConvolutionPlan {\n  const r = requireAllowlistedRecord(input, [\"schemaVersion\", \"width\", \"height\", \"samples\", \"kernelRadius\", \"patchWidth\",\n    \"patchHeight\", \"kernels\", \"boundary\", \"maximumPixels\"], \"Invalid irradiance convolution input.\");\n  const L = IRRADIANCE_CONVOLUTION_LIMITS;\n  if (r.schemaVersion !== IRRADIANCE_CONVOLUTION_SCHEMA_VERSION || r.boundary !== \"zero-outside-grid\") {\n    throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"Unsupported irradiance convolution schema or boundary.\");\n  }\n  const width = positiveInteger(r.width, L.maximumDimension), height = positiveInteger(r.height, L.maximumDimension);\n  const maximumPixels = resolveRaisedLimit(r.maximumPixels, L.maximumPixels, L.ceilingPixels,\n    \"Irradiance convolution maximumPixels must be an integer from 1 to \" + L.ceilingPixels + \".\");\n  if (width * height > maximumPixels) throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"Irradiance convolution grid exceeds the pixel limit.\");\n  const radius = r.kernelRadius;\n  if (typeof radius !== \"number\" || !Number.isSafeInteger(radius) || radius < 0 || radius > L.maximumKernelRadius) {\n    throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"Invalid irradiance convolution kernel radius.\");\n  }\n  const patchWidth = positiveInteger(r.patchWidth, width), patchHeight = positiveInteger(r.patchHeight, height);\n  const patchColumns = Math.ceil(width / patchWidth), patchRows = Math.ceil(height / patchHeight);\n  const kernelSize = 2 * radius + 1, tapCount = kernelSize * kernelSize, patchCount = patchColumns * patchRows;\n  if (patchCount > L.maximumPatchCount || patchCount * tapCount > L.maximumKernelWeights) {\n    throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"Irradiance convolution kernels exceed the declared limits.\");\n  }\n  const samples = r.samples, kernels = r.kernels;\n  if (!(samples instanceof Float32Array || samples instanceof Float64Array) || samples.length !== width * height ||\n      !(kernels instanceof Float32Array || kernels instanceof Float64Array) || kernels.length !== patchCount * tapCount) {\n    throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"Irradiance convolution arrays do not match the declared geometry.\");\n  }\n  let maximumSampleMagnitude = 0;\n  for (let i = 0; i < samples.length; i++) {\n    const v = samples[i]!;\n    // Negated comparison also rejects NaN.\n    if (!(v >= 0 && v <= L.maximumSampleMagnitude)) {\n      throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"Irradiance samples must be finite, non-negative and within the declared magnitude.\");\n    }\n    if (v > maximumSampleMagnitude) maximumSampleMagnitude = v;\n  }\n  let maximumKernelSum = 0;\n  for (let p = 0; p < patchCount; p++) {\n    let sum = 0;\n    for (let t = p * tapCount, end = t + tapCount; t < end; t++) {\n      const w = kernels[t]!;\n      if (!(w >= 0 && w <= 1)) throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"PSF kernel weights must be finite and within [0, 1].\");\n      sum += w;\n    }\n    if (sum > L.maximumKernelSum) throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"A PSF kernel may not create energy (sum exceeds 1).\");\n    if (sum > maximumKernelSum) maximumKernelSum = sum;\n  }\n  return Object.freeze({ width, height, kernelRadius: radius, kernelSize, tapCount, patchWidth, patchHeight, patchColumns, patchRows,\n    maximumKernelSum, maximumSampleMagnitude });\n}\n\n/**\n * Reference gather for output rows `[y0, y1)`, written into `output` at `(y - y0) * width + x`.\n * The summation order (v outer, u inner, both ascending) is part of the contract shared with the\n * WGSL (WebGPU shader) kernel.\n * @internal\n */\nexport function convolveIrradianceRows(plan: IrradianceConvolutionPlan, samples: Float32Array | Float64Array,\n  kernels: Float32Array | Float64Array, y0: number, y1: number, output: Float64Array): void {\n  const { width, height, kernelRadius: r, kernelSize, tapCount, patchWidth, patchHeight, patchColumns, patchRows } = plan;\n  for (let y = y0; y < y1; y++) {\n    for (let x = 0; x < width; x++) {\n      let sum = 0;\n      for (let v = -r; v <= r; v++) {\n        const sy = y - v;\n        if (sy < 0 || sy >= height) continue;\n        const patchRowBase = Math.min(Math.floor(sy / patchHeight), patchRows - 1) * patchColumns;\n        const kernelRow = (v + r) * kernelSize + r, sampleRow = sy * width;\n        for (let u = -r; u <= r; u++) {\n          const sx = x - u;\n          if (sx < 0 || sx >= width) continue;\n          const patch = patchRowBase + Math.min(Math.floor(sx / patchWidth), patchColumns - 1);\n          sum += samples[sampleRow + sx]! * kernels[patch * tapCount + kernelRow + u]!;\n        }\n      }\n      output[(y - y0) * width + x] = sum;\n    }\n  }\n}\n\n/** Synchronous float64 reference for bounded grids. Use the image-kernel accelerator for large grids. */\nexport function calculateIrradianceConvolution(input: IrradianceConvolutionInput): { plan: IrradianceConvolutionPlan; values: Float64Array } {\n  const plan = calculateIrradianceConvolutionPlan(input);\n  const values = new Float64Array(plan.width * plan.height);\n  convolveIrradianceRows(plan, input.samples, input.kernels, 0, plan.height, values);\n  return { plan, values };\n}\n"]}
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SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0\n\n/**\n * Blurs a sampled image-plane quantity with caller-supplied PSF (point-spread function) kernels, one\n * kernel per patch of the image. The quantity must be linear and additive (for example irradiance).\n * Each patch is treated as shift-invariant (\"isoplanatic\"): the same PSF applies everywhere inside it.\n * The PSFs are incoherent intensity PSFs.\n *\n * This is the CPU float64 reference for the optics-as-convolution step (#277). The `webgpu-f32`\n * path runs the same equation; see docs/WEBGPU.md.\n *\n * Equation (indexed by source site; an energy-conserving scatter written as a gather):\n *   out(x, y) = Σ_{v=-r..r} Σ_{u=-r..r} in(x − u, y − v) · K_{p(x − u, y − v)}(u, v)\n * where `p(s)` is the patch containing the **source** site and `K_p(u, v)` is the fraction of the source\n * site's quantity that lands at displacement (+u right, +v down), in grid sites.\n *\n * Incoherent imaging is a linear sum of intensity PSFs: the output intensity is the input intensity\n * convolved with the intensity PSF (MIT OpenCourseWare 2.71 Optics, Spring 2009, lecture 22, free).\n * A PSF that varies across the field is approximated as constant inside each patch, as in methods\n * that divide the image into isoplanatic subsections (van de Ketterij et al., arXiv:2011.01738,\n * sec. 1, free). Also see: Goodman, Introduction to Fourier Optics, 4th ed., 2017, §7.1. Camera\n * simulators such as ISETCam use the same piecewise shift-invariant method\n * (Farrell et al., Proc. SPIE 8299, 2012). The caller chooses the patch size and kernels, and so\n * owns the patch approximation.\n *\n * Edges: the grid holds every source. Sources outside the grid are not represented. Anything\n * scattered outside the grid is lost; compare `inputSum` with `outputSum` to see how much. There is no\n * padding, reflection or renormalization.\n */\nimport { InvalidConfigurationError } from \"../core/configuration-error.js\";\nimport { requireAllowlistedRecord } from \"../core/record-validation.js\";\nimport { FULL_RESOLUTION_CEILING_PIXELS, resolveRaisedLimit } from \"../core/pixel-limits.js\";\n\nexport const IRRADIANCE_CONVOLUTION_SCHEMA_VERSION = \"0.1.0\" as const;\n/** `maximumPixels` is the default grid limit; a request may raise it with its own `maximumPixels`, up to `ceilingPixels`. */\nexport const IRRADIANCE_CONVOLUTION_LIMITS = Object.freeze({\n  maximumPixels: 24_000_000,\n  ceilingPixels: FULL_RESOLUTION_CEILING_PIXELS,\n  maximumDimension: 16_384,\n  maximumKernelRadius: 32,\n  maximumPatchCount: 4_096,\n  maximumKernelWeights: 4_194_304,\n  /** A kernel may lose energy (vignetting, transmission) but may not create it, beyond rounding slack. */\n  maximumKernelSum: 1 + 2 ** -20,\n  /** Inputs larger than this are rejected so that float32 execution cannot overflow. */\n  maximumSampleMagnitude: 2 ** 100\n});\n\nexport interface IrradianceConvolutionInput {\n  schemaVersion: typeof IRRADIANCE_CONVOLUTION_SCHEMA_VERSION;\n  width: number;\n  height: number;\n  /** Row-major samples. Finite, non-negative, linear and additive (for example irradiance, or expected photons per site). */\n  samples: Float32Array | Float64Array;\n  /** Kernel half-width in grid sites. Each kernel is (2r+1)×(2r+1). */\n  kernelRadius: number;\n  /** Patch size in grid sites. The last row and column of patches may be partial. */\n  patchWidth: number;\n  patchHeight: number;\n  /**\n   * Finite non-negative weights, `[patchRow][patchColumn][v + r][u + r]`, one kernel per patch in\n   * row-major patch order. Each kernel sums to at most 1 (+2^-20 rounding slack).\n   */\n  kernels: Float32Array | Float64Array;\n  boundary: \"zero-outside-grid\";\n  /**\n   * Optional opt-in grid limit for large images: an integer from 1 to `IRRADIANCE_CONVOLUTION_LIMITS.ceilingPixels`.\n   * Default `IRRADIANCE_CONVOLUTION_LIMITS.maximumPixels` (24 000 000). It does not change the result.\n   */\n  maximumPixels?: number;\n}\n\n/** Validated, immutable geometry of a convolution request. Sample arrays are borrowed, not copied. */\nexport interface IrradianceConvolutionPlan {\n  width: number;\n  height: number;\n  kernelRadius: number;\n  kernelSize: number;\n  tapCount: number;\n  patchWidth: number;\n  patchHeight: number;\n  patchColumns: number;\n  patchRows: number;\n  /** Largest kernel sum and largest input magnitude. The float32 error bound uses them. */\n  maximumKernelSum: number;\n  maximumSampleMagnitude: number;\n}\n\nfunction positiveInteger(value: unknown, maximum: number): number {\n  if (typeof value !== \"number\" || !Number.isSafeInteger(value) || value <= 0 || value > maximum) {\n    throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"Invalid irradiance convolution geometry.\");\n  }\n  return value;\n}\n\n/** Checks every sample (finite, non-negative, within the declared magnitude) and returns the largest. */\nfunction checkedMaximumSampleMagnitude(samples: Float32Array | Float64Array): number {\n  let maximumSampleMagnitude = 0;\n  for (let i = 0; i < samples.length; i++) {\n    const v = samples[i]!;\n    // Negated comparison also rejects NaN.\n    if (!(v >= 0 && v <= IRRADIANCE_CONVOLUTION_LIMITS.maximumSampleMagnitude)) {\n      throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"Irradiance samples must be finite, non-negative and within the declared magnitude.\");\n    }\n    if (v > maximumSampleMagnitude) maximumSampleMagnitude = v;\n  }\n  return maximumSampleMagnitude;\n}\n\n/** Checks every kernel weight (finite, in [0, 1]) and kernel sum (at most 1 plus slack) and returns the largest sum. */\nfunction checkedMaximumKernelSum(kernels: Float32Array | Float64Array, patchCount: number, tapCount: number): number {\n  let maximumKernelSum = 0;\n  for (let p = 0; p < patchCount; p++) {\n    let sum = 0;\n    for (let t = p * tapCount, end = t + tapCount; t < end; t++) {\n      const w = kernels[t]!;\n      if (!(w >= 0 && w <= 1)) throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"PSF kernel weights must be finite and within [0, 1].\");\n      sum += w;\n    }\n    if (sum > IRRADIANCE_CONVOLUTION_LIMITS.maximumKernelSum) throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"A PSF kernel may not create energy (sum exceeds 1).\");\n    if (sum > maximumKernelSum) maximumKernelSum = sum;\n  }\n  return maximumKernelSum;\n}\n\n/** Validates the request and returns its plan. Every sample and weight is checked once. */\nexport function calculateIrradianceConvolutionPlan(input: IrradianceConvolutionInput): IrradianceConvolutionPlan {\n  const r = requireAllowlistedRecord(input, [\"schemaVersion\", \"width\", \"height\", \"samples\", \"kernelRadius\", \"patchWidth\",\n    \"patchHeight\", \"kernels\", \"boundary\", \"maximumPixels\"], \"Invalid irradiance convolution input.\");\n  const L = IRRADIANCE_CONVOLUTION_LIMITS;\n  if (r.schemaVersion !== IRRADIANCE_CONVOLUTION_SCHEMA_VERSION || r.boundary !== \"zero-outside-grid\") {\n    throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"Unsupported irradiance convolution schema or boundary.\");\n  }\n  const width = positiveInteger(r.width, L.maximumDimension), height = positiveInteger(r.height, L.maximumDimension);\n  const maximumPixels = resolveRaisedLimit(r.maximumPixels, L.maximumPixels, L.ceilingPixels,\n    \"Irradiance convolution maximumPixels must be an integer from 1 to \" + L.ceilingPixels + \".\");\n  if (width * height > maximumPixels) throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"Irradiance convolution grid exceeds the pixel limit.\");\n  const radius = r.kernelRadius;\n  if (typeof radius !== \"number\" || !Number.isSafeInteger(radius) || radius < 0 || radius > L.maximumKernelRadius) {\n    throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"Invalid irradiance convolution kernel radius.\");\n  }\n  const patchWidth = positiveInteger(r.patchWidth, width), patchHeight = positiveInteger(r.patchHeight, height);\n  const patchColumns = Math.ceil(width / patchWidth), patchRows = Math.ceil(height / patchHeight);\n  const kernelSize = 2 * radius + 1, tapCount = kernelSize * kernelSize, patchCount = patchColumns * patchRows;\n  if (patchCount > L.maximumPatchCount || patchCount * tapCount > L.maximumKernelWeights) {\n    throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"Irradiance convolution kernels exceed the declared limits.\");\n  }\n  const samples = r.samples, kernels = r.kernels;\n  if (!(samples instanceof Float32Array || samples instanceof Float64Array) || samples.length !== width * height ||\n      !(kernels instanceof Float32Array || kernels instanceof Float64Array) || kernels.length !== patchCount * tapCount) {\n    throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"Irradiance convolution arrays do not match the declared geometry.\");\n  }\n  const maximumSampleMagnitude = checkedMaximumSampleMagnitude(samples);\n  const maximumKernelSum = checkedMaximumKernelSum(kernels, patchCount, tapCount);\n  return Object.freeze({ width, height, kernelRadius: radius, kernelSize, tapCount, patchWidth, patchHeight, patchColumns, patchRows,\n    maximumKernelSum, maximumSampleMagnitude });\n}\n\n/**\n * Reference gather for output rows `[y0, y1)`, written into `output` at `(y - y0) * width + x`.\n * The summation order (v outer, u inner, both ascending) is part of the contract shared with the\n * WGSL (WebGPU shader) kernel.\n * @internal\n */\nexport function convolveIrradianceRows(plan: IrradianceConvolutionPlan, samples: Float32Array | Float64Array,\n  kernels: Float32Array | Float64Array, y0: number, y1: number, output: Float64Array): void {\n  const { width, height, kernelRadius: r, kernelSize, tapCount, patchWidth, patchHeight, patchColumns, patchRows } = plan;\n  for (let y = y0; y < y1; y++) {\n    for (let x = 0; x < width; x++) {\n      let sum = 0;\n      for (let v = -r; v <= r; v++) {\n        const sy = y - v;\n        if (sy < 0 || sy >= height) continue;\n        const patchRowBase = Math.min(Math.floor(sy / patchHeight), patchRows - 1) * patchColumns;\n        const kernelRow = (v + r) * kernelSize + r, sampleRow = sy * width;\n        for (let u = -r; u <= r; u++) {\n          const sx = x - u;\n          if (sx < 0 || sx >= width) continue;\n          const patch = patchRowBase + Math.min(Math.floor(sx / patchWidth), patchColumns - 1);\n          sum += samples[sampleRow + sx]! * kernels[patch * tapCount + kernelRow + u]!;\n        }\n      }\n      output[(y - y0) * width + x] = sum;\n    }\n  }\n}\n\n/** Synchronous float64 reference for bounded grids. Use the image-kernel accelerator for large grids. */\nexport function calculateIrradianceConvolution(input: IrradianceConvolutionInput): { plan: IrradianceConvolutionPlan; values: Float64Array } {\n  const plan = calculateIrradianceConvolutionPlan(input);\n  const values = new Float64Array(plan.width * plan.height);\n  convolveIrradianceRows(plan, input.samples, input.kernels, 0, plan.height, values);\n  return { plan, values };\n}\n\n/**\n * Internal (#453; not exported from the package): runs several convolutions that share one geometry (width, height,\n * kernel radius, patch size, boundary, pixel limit) with one validation of that geometry. The first call is\n * `calculateIrradianceConvolution` itself, with every check. Each later call checks its own arrays exactly as the plan\n * does (array types and lengths against the geometry, every sample, every kernel weight and kernel sum, with the same\n * messages) and then runs the same gather (`convolveIrradianceRows`) with the first call's plan, whose geometry fields are\n * the same numbers a full validation of this call would give. The values are therefore identical to one\n * `calculateIrradianceConvolution` per call; only the repeated record and geometry checks are skipped.\n * @internal\n */\nexport function createIrradianceConvolutionRunner(geometry: Omit<IrradianceConvolutionInput, \"samples\" | \"kernels\">):\n  (samples: Float32Array | Float64Array, kernels: Float32Array | Float64Array) => Float64Array {\n  let plan: IrradianceConvolutionPlan | undefined;\n  return (samples, kernels) => {\n    if (plan === undefined) {\n      const first = calculateIrradianceConvolution({ ...geometry, samples, kernels });\n      plan = first.plan;\n      return first.values;\n    }\n    const patchCount = plan.patchColumns * plan.patchRows;\n    if (!(samples instanceof Float32Array || samples instanceof Float64Array) || samples.length !== plan.width * plan.height ||\n        !(kernels instanceof Float32Array || kernels instanceof Float64Array) || kernels.length !== patchCount * plan.tapCount) {\n      throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"Irradiance convolution arrays do not match the declared geometry.\");\n    }\n    checkedMaximumSampleMagnitude(samples);\n    checkedMaximumKernelSum(kernels, patchCount, plan.tapCount);\n    const values = new Float64Array(plan.width * plan.height);\n    convolveIrradianceRows(plan, samples, kernels, 0, plan.height, values);\n    return values;\n  };\n}\n"]}

package/dist/optics/scene-to-sensor-irradiance.d.ts

@@ -212,6 +212,19 @@ export declare function parseSceneToSensorIrradianceProfile(value: unknown): Sce
  * factor 1/(1 + m)² from it, so the two cannot drift apart.
  */
 export declare function thinLensWorkingFNumberFactor(focalLengthMm: number, objectDistanceM: number): number;
+/**
+ * Internal (#453; not exported from the package): the sensor-plane spectral irradiance that
+ * {@link calculateSceneRadianceToSensorIrradiance} returns, for repeated queries of one optical state. This call runs the
+ * request-independent checks once (the public function's own code, in its order); each call of the returned function then
+ * runs the public function's per-query steps on an engine-built request and a result already parsed by the caller: the identity
+ * match, the wavelength-basis check, the transmission or T-stop path, the front-of-lens filters, the field throughput and
+ * the finite, non-negative irradiance, with the same operations, order and errors. It skips only the re-validation of the
+ * unchanged optical inputs, the re-parse of the request and result, and the result envelope.
+ */
+export declare function prepareSceneRadianceToSensorIrradianceValue(optics: Pick<CalculateSceneRadianceToSensorIrradianceInput, "profile" | "focalLengthMm" | "nominalFNumber" | "focus" | "frontOfLensFilters">): (request: SceneRadianceEvaluationRequest, result: SceneRadianceEvaluationResult, imagePointMm: {
+    x: number;
+    y: number;
+}, fieldThroughput: OpticalBridgeFieldThroughput) => number;
 /**
  * Applies the declared pupil acceptance and exactly one transmission or field-throughput path to
  * spectral scene radiance. Returns the irradiance before the sensor stack, with conservative