@photivra/engine 1.5.0 → 2.0.0

package/dist/color/color-matching-functions.js

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+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+/**
+ * CIE colour-matching functions (CMFs) and spectrum → CIE XYZ integration.
+ *
+ * Two CMF sources are supported:
+ * 1. The engine's own analytic APPROXIMATION of the CIE 1931 2° observer. Each of x̄, ȳ, z̄ is a sum
+ *    of split Gaussian lobes (a lobe has an amplitude, a centre, and separate widths below and above
+ *    the centre): three lobes for x̄, two each for ȳ and z̄. The engine fitted the coefficients itself
+ *    by non-negative least squares to the CIE 1931 2° table (DOI 10.25039/CIE.DS.xvudnb9b) at 1 nm
+ *    from 360 to 830 nm, with `scripts/fit-cie-1931-cmf.mjs`. The table is used only when the fit is
+ *    run and is not stored in the repository. Measured fit error (maximum absolute / RMS): x̄ 0.0122 /
+ *    0.00426, ȳ 0.00733 / 0.00265, z̄ 0.0221 / 0.00397; see docs/COLORIMETRY.md.
+ * 2. Caller-supplied tabulated CMFs, for example the official CIE datasets. The CIE
+ *    distributes those under CC BY-SA 4.0, so they are NOT bundled with this Apache-2.0
+ *    package. Tables are linearly interpolated. Outside their declared range they throw
+ *    (fail closed); there is no extrapolation.
+ *
+ * Integration uses explicit wavelength quadrature nodes `{wavelengthNanometers,
+ * wavelengthMeasureNanometers}`. Nodes from `calculateSensorSpectralQuadrature()` have the
+ * same shape and can be passed directly. X = k Σ S(λᵢ) R(λᵢ) x̄(λᵢ) Δλᵢ: a quadrature of the tristimulus
+ * integral X = ∫ L(λ) x̄(λ) dλ with stimulus L = S·R (Wyman, Sloan & Shirley 2013, JCGT 2(2), Eq. 1, free;
+ * also CIE 15:2018 §7.1). The normalization k and the quadrature nodes are explicit choices.
+ * @see docs/COLORIMETRY.md for equations, coordinate/unit conventions and limits.
+ */
+import { approximationResult, calculatedResult } from "../core/calculation-result.js";
+import { InvalidScientificInputError } from "../core/validation.js";
+import { chromaticityOfXyz, requireFiniteNumber, requireFiniteResult, requirePositiveNumber, requireRecordValue } from "./colorimetry-math.js";
+import { rejectUnknownFields, requireInputKeys } from "../core/record-validation.js";
+import { InvalidConfigurationError } from "../core/configuration-error.js";
+export const COLORIMETRY_MODEL_VERSION = "2.0.0";
+/** Upper bound on quadrature nodes per integration call. */
+export const MAX_COLORIMETRIC_QUADRATURE_NODES = 100_000;
+/** Upper bound on samples in a caller-supplied tabulated spectrum or CMF table. */
+export const MAX_COLORIMETRIC_TABLE_SAMPLES = 100_000;
+/** Wavelength domain over which the analytic CIE 1931 fit is accepted (the domain it was fitted on). */
+export const ANALYTIC_CIE_1931_CMF_DOMAIN_NANOMETERS = Object.freeze({ minimum: 360, maximum: 830 });
+const X_LOBES = [[0.375817, 441.559, 15.3475, 94.5181], [-0.322164, 497.643, 23.3464, 30.5255], [0.968784, 600.86, 33.6528, 29.7704]];
+const Y_LOBES = [[0.285798, 530.874, 16.3146, 31.077], [0.820879, 568.79, 46.8848, 40.4965]];
+const Z_LOBES = [[1.2165, 436.962, 11.8408, 35.9867], [0.681263, 459.034, 25.9609, 13.7926]];
+function lobes(wavelength, set) {
+    let sum = 0;
+    for (const [amplitude, centre, sigmaBelow, sigmaAbove] of set) {
+        const t = (wavelength - centre) / (wavelength < centre ? sigmaBelow : sigmaAbove);
+        sum += amplitude * Math.exp(-0.5 * t * t);
+    }
+    return sum;
+}
+function requireWavelengthIn(wavelength, range, what) {
+    if (!Number.isFinite(wavelength) || wavelength < range.minimum || wavelength > range.maximum) {
+        throw new InvalidScientificInputError(what + " is outside its declared wavelength range [" + range.minimum + ", " + range.maximum + "] nm.");
+    }
+}
+/**
+ * Evaluates the engine's multi-lobe analytic approximation of the CIE 1931 2° colour-matching
+ * functions at one wavelength (nm, standard-air wavelength as in the CIE tables). Approximation:
+ * see the module notes for the measured fit error. The values are non-negative over the domain.
+ */
+export function estimateCie1931ColorMatchingFunctions(wavelengthNanometers) {
+    requireWavelengthIn(wavelengthNanometers, ANALYTIC_CIE_1931_CMF_DOMAIN_NANOMETERS, "Analytic CIE 1931 CMF wavelength");
+    return { x: lobes(wavelengthNanometers, X_LOBES), y: lobes(wavelengthNanometers, Y_LOBES), z: lobes(wavelengthNanometers, Z_LOBES) };
+}
+function parseIncreasingSamples(samples, path, sampleKeys, parseValue) {
+    if (!Array.isArray(samples) || samples.length < 2 || samples.length > MAX_COLORIMETRIC_TABLE_SAMPLES) {
+        throw new InvalidScientificInputError(path + " must contain between 2 and " + MAX_COLORIMETRIC_TABLE_SAMPLES + " samples.");
+    }
+    const parsed = [];
+    let previous = -Infinity;
+    samples.forEach((raw, i) => {
+        const samplePath = path + "[" + i + "]";
+        const record = requireRecordValue(raw, samplePath);
+        rejectUnknownFields(record, sampleKeys, samplePath);
+        const wavelength = requirePositiveNumber(record.wavelengthNanometers, samplePath + ".wavelengthNanometers");
+        if (!(wavelength > previous))
+            throw new InvalidScientificInputError(path + " wavelengths must be strictly increasing.");
+        previous = wavelength;
+        parsed.push(parseValue(record, samplePath));
+    });
+    return parsed;
+}
+/** Finds the bracketing interval for linear interpolation (binary search). */
+function bracket(samples, wavelength) {
+    let lo = 0;
+    let hi = samples.length - 1;
+    while (hi - lo > 1) {
+        const mid = (lo + hi) >> 1;
+        if (samples[mid].wavelengthNanometers <= wavelength)
+            lo = mid;
+        else
+            hi = mid;
+    }
+    const a = samples[lo].wavelengthNanometers;
+    const b = samples[hi].wavelengthNanometers;
+    return [lo, (wavelength - a) / (b - a)];
+}
+/**
+ * Validates a colour-matching-function source once for repeated evaluation.
+ * Tabulated values may be signed only for `caller-defined` observers; CIE observers
+ * require non-negative values.
+ */
+export function prepareColorMatchingFunctions(source) {
+    const record = requireRecordValue(source, "colorMatchingFunctions");
+    rejectUnknownFields(record, ["kind", "observer", "datasetId", "samples"], "colorMatchingFunctions");
+    if (record.kind === "analytic-cie-1931-multi-lobe-fit") {
+        rejectUnknownFields(record, ["kind"], "colorMatchingFunctions");
+        return Object.freeze({
+            observer: "cie-1931-2-degree",
+            sourceKind: "analytic-cie-1931-multi-lobe-fit",
+            datasetId: "photivra-cie-1931-multi-lobe-fit-2026-10-17",
+            scientificStatus: "approximation",
+            wavelengthRangeNanometers: { ...ANALYTIC_CIE_1931_CMF_DOMAIN_NANOMETERS },
+            evaluate: estimateCie1931ColorMatchingFunctions
+        });
+    }
+    if (record.kind !== "tabulated")
+        throw new InvalidConfigurationError("colorMatchingFunctions.kind is not supported.");
+    rejectUnknownFields(record, ["kind", "observer", "datasetId", "samples"], "colorMatchingFunctions");
+    const observer = record.observer;
+    if (observer !== "cie-1931-2-degree" && observer !== "cie-1964-10-degree" && observer !== "caller-defined") {
+        throw new InvalidConfigurationError("colorMatchingFunctions.observer is not supported.");
+    }
+    if (typeof record.datasetId !== "string" || record.datasetId.trim().length === 0) {
+        throw new InvalidConfigurationError("colorMatchingFunctions.datasetId must be a non-empty string.");
+    }
+    const signed = observer === "caller-defined";
+    const samples = parseIncreasingSamples(record.samples, "colorMatchingFunctions.samples", ["wavelengthNanometers", "xBar", "yBar", "zBar"], (s, p) => {
+        const v = (key) => {
+            const n = requireFiniteNumber(s[key], p + "." + key);
+            if (!signed && n < 0)
+                throw new InvalidScientificInputError(p + "." + key + " must not be negative for a CIE observer.");
+            return n;
+        };
+        return { wavelengthNanometers: s.wavelengthNanometers, xBar: v("xBar"), yBar: v("yBar"), zBar: v("zBar") };
+    });
+    const range = { minimum: samples[0].wavelengthNanometers, maximum: samples[samples.length - 1].wavelengthNanometers };
+    return Object.freeze({
+        observer,
+        sourceKind: "tabulated",
+        datasetId: record.datasetId.trim(),
+        scientificStatus: "caller-tabulated",
+        wavelengthRangeNanometers: range,
+        evaluate(wavelengthNanometers) {
+            requireWavelengthIn(wavelengthNanometers, range, "Tabulated CMF wavelength");
+            const [i, t] = bracket(samples, wavelengthNanometers);
+            const a = samples[i];
+            const b = samples[Math.min(i + 1, samples.length - 1)];
+            return { x: a.xBar + (b.xBar - a.xBar) * t, y: a.yBar + (b.yBar - a.yBar) * t, z: a.zBar + (b.zBar - a.zBar) * t };
+        }
+    });
+}
+/** Validates a tabulated or functional spectrum (values must be finite; sign is not restricted). */
+export function prepareColorimetricSpectrum(spectrum, path = "spectrum") {
+    const record = requireRecordValue(spectrum, path);
+    rejectUnknownFields(record, ["kind", "samples", "wavelengthRangeNanometers", "evaluate"], path);
+    if (record.kind === "function") {
+        rejectUnknownFields(record, ["kind", "wavelengthRangeNanometers", "evaluate"], path);
+        const range = requireRecordValue(record.wavelengthRangeNanometers, path + ".wavelengthRangeNanometers");
+        rejectUnknownFields(range, ["minimum", "maximum"], path + ".wavelengthRangeNanometers");
+        const minimum = requirePositiveNumber(range.minimum, path + ".wavelengthRangeNanometers.minimum");
+        const maximum = requirePositiveNumber(range.maximum, path + ".wavelengthRangeNanometers.maximum");
+        if (!(minimum < maximum))
+            throw new InvalidScientificInputError(path + ".wavelengthRangeNanometers.minimum must be less than maximum.");
+        if (typeof record.evaluate !== "function")
+            throw new InvalidConfigurationError(path + ".evaluate must be a function.");
+        const evaluate = record.evaluate;
+        const declared = { minimum, maximum };
+        return {
+            wavelengthRangeNanometers: declared,
+            evaluate(w) {
+                requireWavelengthIn(w, declared, path);
+                const v = evaluate(w);
+                if (typeof v !== "number" || !Number.isFinite(v))
+                    throw new InvalidScientificInputError(path + " evaluated to a non-finite value.");
+                return v;
+            }
+        };
+    }
+    if (record.kind !== "tabulated")
+        throw new InvalidConfigurationError(path + ".kind is not supported.");
+    rejectUnknownFields(record, ["kind", "samples"], path);
+    const samples = parseIncreasingSamples(record.samples, path + ".samples", ["wavelengthNanometers", "value"], (s, p) => ({
+        wavelengthNanometers: s.wavelengthNanometers,
+        value: requireFiniteNumber(s.value, p + ".value")
+    }));
+    const range = { minimum: samples[0].wavelengthNanometers, maximum: samples[samples.length - 1].wavelengthNanometers };
+    return {
+        wavelengthRangeNanometers: range,
+        evaluate(w) {
+            requireWavelengthIn(w, range, path);
+            const [i, t] = bracket(samples, w);
+            const a = samples[i].value;
+            const b = samples[Math.min(i + 1, samples.length - 1)].value;
+            return a + (b - a) * t;
+        }
+    };
+}
+/**
+ * Builds deterministic uniform midpoint wavelength nodes covering the range. Every
+ * node carries its d-lambda measure in nm; the measures sum to the range width.
+ */
+export function createColorimetricMidpointQuadrature(input) {
+    requireInputKeys(input, "createColorimetricMidpointQuadrature", ["wavelengthRangeNanometers", "maximumSubintervalWidthNanometers"]);
+    const range = requireRecordValue(input.wavelengthRangeNanometers, "wavelengthRangeNanometers");
+    rejectUnknownFields(range, ["minimum", "maximum"], "wavelengthRangeNanometers");
+    const minimum = requirePositiveNumber(range.minimum, "wavelengthRangeNanometers.minimum");
+    const maximum = requirePositiveNumber(range.maximum, "wavelengthRangeNanometers.maximum");
+    if (!(minimum < maximum))
+        throw new InvalidScientificInputError("wavelengthRangeNanometers.minimum must be less than maximum.");
+    const width = requirePositiveNumber(input.maximumSubintervalWidthNanometers, "maximumSubintervalWidthNanometers");
+    const count = Math.ceil((maximum - minimum) / width - 1e-9);
+    if (count > MAX_COLORIMETRIC_QUADRATURE_NODES)
+        throw new InvalidScientificInputError("Quadrature would exceed " + MAX_COLORIMETRIC_QUADRATURE_NODES + " nodes.");
+    const step = (maximum - minimum) / count;
+    const nodes = [];
+    for (let i = 0; i < count; i++)
+        nodes.push({ wavelengthNanometers: minimum + (i + 0.5) * step, wavelengthMeasureNanometers: step });
+    return nodes;
+}
+/** Validates explicit quadrature nodes (positive wavelengths and positive measures). */
+export function parseColorimetricQuadratureNodes(nodes) {
+    if (!Array.isArray(nodes) || nodes.length === 0 || nodes.length > MAX_COLORIMETRIC_QUADRATURE_NODES) {
+        throw new InvalidScientificInputError("quadratureNodes must contain between 1 and " + MAX_COLORIMETRIC_QUADRATURE_NODES + " nodes.");
+    }
+    return nodes.map((raw, i) => {
+        const r = requireRecordValue(raw, "quadratureNodes[" + i + "]");
+        rejectUnknownFields(r, ["wavelengthNanometers", "wavelengthMeasureNanometers"], "quadratureNodes[" + i + "]");
+        return {
+            wavelengthNanometers: requirePositiveNumber(r.wavelengthNanometers, "quadratureNodes[" + i + "].wavelengthNanometers"),
+            wavelengthMeasureNanometers: requirePositiveNumber(r.wavelengthMeasureNanometers, "quadratureNodes[" + i + "].wavelengthMeasureNanometers")
+        };
+    });
+}
+export function sampleColorimetricBasis(quadratureNodes, spectralDistribution, cmf) {
+    const nodes = parseColorimetricQuadratureNodes(quadratureNodes);
+    const n = nodes.length;
+    const weights = new Float64Array(n), xBar = new Float64Array(n), yBar = new Float64Array(n), zBar = new Float64Array(n);
+    for (let i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+        const node = nodes[i];
+        const c = cmf.evaluate(node.wavelengthNanometers);
+        weights[i] = spectralDistribution.evaluate(node.wavelengthNanometers) * node.wavelengthMeasureNanometers;
+        xBar[i] = c.x;
+        yBar[i] = c.y;
+        zBar[i] = c.z;
+    }
+    return { nodes, weights, xBar, yBar, zBar, cmf };
+}
+export function sampleFactor(basis, factor) {
+    const out = new Float64Array(basis.nodes.length);
+    for (let i = 0; i < out.length; i++)
+        out[i] = factor === undefined ? 1 : factor.evaluate(basis.nodes[i].wavelengthNanometers);
+    return out;
+}
+export function integrateSampledXyz(basis, factor) {
+    let x = 0, y = 0, z = 0;
+    for (let i = 0; i < factor.length; i++) {
+        const w = basis.weights[i] * factor[i];
+        x += w * basis.xBar[i];
+        y += w * basis.yBar[i];
+        z += w * basis.zBar[i];
+    }
+    return { x, y, z };
+}
+export function resolveNormalizationFactor(normalization, unnormalizedWhiteY) {
+    const r = requireRecordValue(normalization, "normalization");
+    if (r.kind === "white-luminance-one") {
+        if (!(unnormalizedWhiteY > 0) || !Number.isFinite(unnormalizedWhiteY)) {
+            throw new InvalidScientificInputError("White-luminance normalization requires a positive integrated Y of the spectral distribution.");
+        }
+        return 1 / unnormalizedWhiteY;
+    }
+    if (r.kind === "scale")
+        return requirePositiveNumber(r.factor, "normalization.factor");
+    throw new InvalidConfigurationError("normalization.kind is not supported.");
+}
+function scaleXyz(xyz, k) {
+    return { x: xyz.x * k, y: xyz.y * k, z: xyz.z * k };
+}
+/**
+ * Integrates a spectrum (optionally multiplied by a reflectance/transmittance factor)
+ * against colour-matching functions with caller-explicit quadrature (the tristimulus integral of
+ * Wyman, Sloan & Shirley 2013, Eq. 1; also CIE 15:2018 §7).
+ * Provenance is `approximation` for the analytic CMF fit and `calculated` for
+ * caller-tabulated CMFs. Either way, the caller chooses the quadrature.
+ */
+export function integrateSpectrumToXyz(input) {
+    requireInputKeys(input, "integrateSpectrumToXyz", ["quadratureNodes", "spectralDistribution", "spectralFactor", "colorMatchingFunctions", "normalization"]);
+    const cmf = prepareColorMatchingFunctions(input.colorMatchingFunctions);
+    const distribution = prepareColorimetricSpectrum(input.spectralDistribution, "spectralDistribution");
+    const factor = input.spectralFactor === undefined ? undefined : prepareColorimetricSpectrum(input.spectralFactor, "spectralFactor");
+    const basis = sampleColorimetricBasis(input.quadratureNodes, distribution, cmf);
+    const rawWhite = integrateSampledXyz(basis, sampleFactor(basis, undefined));
+    const rawSample = factor === undefined ? rawWhite : integrateSampledXyz(basis, sampleFactor(basis, factor));
+    const k = resolveNormalizationFactor(input.normalization, rawWhite.y);
+    const xyz = scaleXyz(rawSample, k);
+    const whiteXyz = scaleXyz(rawWhite, k);
+    requireFiniteResult([xyz.x, xyz.y, xyz.z, whiteXyz.x, whiteXyz.y, whiteXyz.z], "Spectral integration");
+    const sum = xyz.x + xyz.y + xyz.z;
+    const value = {
+        xyz, whiteXyz, chromaticity: sum > 0 ? chromaticityOfXyz(xyz) : null, normalizationFactor: k,
+        observer: cmf.observer, nodeCount: basis.nodes.length
+    };
+    const assumptions = [
+        "Tristimulus integral evaluated as Σ S(λ)·R(λ)·CMF(λ)·Δλ over the caller's quadrature nodes",
+        "Caller owns quadrature convergence and wavelength coverage; tabulated inputs are linearly interpolated and fail closed outside their range"
+    ];
+    return cmf.scientificStatus === "approximation"
+        ? approximationResult(value, "cie-xyz-spectral-integration-analytic-cmf", COLORIMETRY_MODEL_VERSION, [...assumptions, "CIE 1931 2° CMFs from the engine's multi-lobe analytic fit (measured max abs CMF error 0.0122/0.00733/0.0221)"])
+        : calculatedResult(value, "cie-xyz-spectral-integration-tabulated-cmf", COLORIMETRY_MODEL_VERSION, [...assumptions, "Caller-supplied tabulated CMFs: " + cmf.datasetId]);
+}
+//# sourceMappingURL=color-matching-functions.js.map

package/dist/color/color-matching-functions.js.map

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SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0\n\n/**\n * CIE colour-matching functions (CMFs) and spectrum → CIE XYZ integration.\n *\n * Two CMF sources are supported:\n * 1. The engine's own analytic APPROXIMATION of the CIE 1931 2° observer. Each of x̄, ȳ, z̄ is a sum\n *    of split Gaussian lobes (a lobe has an amplitude, a centre, and separate widths below and above\n *    the centre): three lobes for x̄, two each for ȳ and z̄. The engine fitted the coefficients itself\n *    by non-negative least squares to the CIE 1931 2° table (DOI 10.25039/CIE.DS.xvudnb9b) at 1 nm\n *    from 360 to 830 nm, with `scripts/fit-cie-1931-cmf.mjs`. The table is used only when the fit is\n *    run and is not stored in the repository. Measured fit error (maximum absolute / RMS): x̄ 0.0122 /\n *    0.00426, ȳ 0.00733 / 0.00265, z̄ 0.0221 / 0.00397; see docs/COLORIMETRY.md.\n * 2. Caller-supplied tabulated CMFs, for example the official CIE datasets. The CIE\n *    distributes those under CC BY-SA 4.0, so they are NOT bundled with this Apache-2.0\n *    package. Tables are linearly interpolated. Outside their declared range they throw\n *    (fail closed); there is no extrapolation.\n *\n * Integration uses explicit wavelength quadrature nodes `{wavelengthNanometers,\n * wavelengthMeasureNanometers}`. Nodes from `calculateSensorSpectralQuadrature()` have the\n * same shape and can be passed directly. X = k Σ S(λᵢ) R(λᵢ) x̄(λᵢ) Δλᵢ: a quadrature of the tristimulus\n * integral X = ∫ L(λ) x̄(λ) dλ with stimulus L = S·R (Wyman, Sloan & Shirley 2013, JCGT 2(2), Eq. 1, free;\n * also CIE 15:2018 §7.1). The normalization k and the quadrature nodes are explicit choices.\n * @see docs/COLORIMETRY.md for equations, coordinate/unit conventions and limits.\n */\n\nimport { approximationResult, calculatedResult, type CalculationResult } from \"../core/calculation-result.js\";\nimport type { SpectralWavelengthRangeNanometers, SpectralWavelengthSample } from \"../core/spectral.js\";\nimport { InvalidScientificInputError } from \"../core/validation.js\";\nimport {\n  chromaticityOfXyz,\n  requireFiniteNumber,\n  requireFiniteResult,\n  requirePositiveNumber,\n  requireRecordValue,\n  type CieXyChromaticity,\n  type CieXyzTristimulus\n} from \"./colorimetry-math.js\";\nimport { rejectUnknownFields, requireInputKeys } from \"../core/record-validation.js\";\nimport { InvalidConfigurationError } from \"../core/configuration-error.js\";\n\nexport const COLORIMETRY_MODEL_VERSION = \"2.0.0\" as const;\n/** Upper bound on quadrature nodes per integration call. */\nexport const MAX_COLORIMETRIC_QUADRATURE_NODES = 100_000;\n/** Upper bound on samples in a caller-supplied tabulated spectrum or CMF table. */\nexport const MAX_COLORIMETRIC_TABLE_SAMPLES = 100_000;\n\n/** Wavelength domain over which the analytic CIE 1931 fit is accepted (the domain it was fitted on). */\nexport const ANALYTIC_CIE_1931_CMF_DOMAIN_NANOMETERS: Readonly<SpectralWavelengthRangeNanometers> = Object.freeze({ minimum: 360, maximum: 830 });\n\n/** One wavelength quadrature node; d-lambda is in nanometres. */\nexport interface ColorimetricQuadratureNode {\n  wavelengthNanometers: number;\n  wavelengthMeasureNanometers: number;\n}\n\n/** One tabulated spectral value at one wavelength. */\nexport interface ColorimetricSpectralSample extends SpectralWavelengthSample {\n  value: number;\n}\n\n/**\n * A spectral distribution or spectral factor (reflectance, transmittance, relative SPD,\n * sensitivity).\n * - `tabulated` is the JSON form: strictly increasing wavelengths, linear interpolation, and an\n *   error (fail closed) outside the table.\n * - `function` is an in-process evaluator (for example a Planckian SPD). It must be finite over\n *   its declared range.\n */\nexport type ColorimetricSpectrum =\n  | { kind: \"tabulated\"; samples: readonly ColorimetricSpectralSample[] }\n  | { kind: \"function\"; wavelengthRangeNanometers: SpectralWavelengthRangeNanometers; evaluate: (wavelengthNanometers: number) => number };\n\n/** One tabulated colour-matching sample. */\nexport interface TabulatedColorMatchingSample extends SpectralWavelengthSample {\n  xBar: number;\n  yBar: number;\n  zBar: number;\n}\n\nexport type ColorimetricObserver = \"cie-1931-2-degree\" | \"cie-1964-10-degree\" | \"caller-defined\";\n\n/** Selects a colour-matching-function source. */\nexport type ColorMatchingFunctionsSource =\n  | { kind: \"analytic-cie-1931-multi-lobe-fit\" }\n  | {\n      kind: \"tabulated\";\n      observer: ColorimetricObserver;\n      /** Caller identity for the dataset (for example a DOI); recorded in provenance. */\n      datasetId: string;\n      samples: readonly TabulatedColorMatchingSample[];\n    };\n\n/** Validated, reusable colour-matching functions. */\nexport interface PreparedColorMatchingFunctions {\n  observer: ColorimetricObserver;\n  sourceKind: ColorMatchingFunctionsSource[\"kind\"];\n  datasetId: string;\n  scientificStatus: \"approximation\" | \"caller-tabulated\";\n  wavelengthRangeNanometers: SpectralWavelengthRangeNanometers;\n  /** x̄, ȳ, z̄ at one wavelength in nm; throws outside the declared range. */\n  evaluate(wavelengthNanometers: number): CieXyzTristimulus;\n}\n\n// The engine's own fit (scripts/fit-cie-1931-cmf.mjs): per lobe the amplitude, the centre (nm),\n// and the standard deviation (nm) used below and above the centre.\ntype Lobe = readonly [amplitude: number, centreNanometers: number, sigmaBelowNanometers: number, sigmaAboveNanometers: number];\nconst X_LOBES: readonly Lobe[] = [[0.375817, 441.559, 15.3475, 94.5181], [-0.322164, 497.643, 23.3464, 30.5255], [0.968784, 600.86, 33.6528, 29.7704]];\nconst Y_LOBES: readonly Lobe[] = [[0.285798, 530.874, 16.3146, 31.077], [0.820879, 568.79, 46.8848, 40.4965]];\nconst Z_LOBES: readonly Lobe[] = [[1.2165, 436.962, 11.8408, 35.9867], [0.681263, 459.034, 25.9609, 13.7926]];\n\nfunction lobes(wavelength: number, set: readonly Lobe[]): number {\n  let sum = 0;\n  for (const [amplitude, centre, sigmaBelow, sigmaAbove] of set) {\n    const t = (wavelength - centre) / (wavelength < centre ? sigmaBelow : sigmaAbove);\n    sum += amplitude * Math.exp(-0.5 * t * t);\n  }\n  return sum;\n}\n\nfunction requireWavelengthIn(wavelength: number, range: SpectralWavelengthRangeNanometers, what: string): void {\n  if (!Number.isFinite(wavelength) || wavelength < range.minimum || wavelength > range.maximum) {\n    throw new InvalidScientificInputError(what + \" is outside its declared wavelength range [\" + range.minimum + \", \" + range.maximum + \"] nm.\");\n  }\n}\n\n/**\n * Evaluates the engine's multi-lobe analytic approximation of the CIE 1931 2° colour-matching\n * functions at one wavelength (nm, standard-air wavelength as in the CIE tables). Approximation:\n * see the module notes for the measured fit error. The values are non-negative over the domain.\n */\nexport function estimateCie1931ColorMatchingFunctions(wavelengthNanometers: number): CieXyzTristimulus {\n  requireWavelengthIn(wavelengthNanometers, ANALYTIC_CIE_1931_CMF_DOMAIN_NANOMETERS, \"Analytic CIE 1931 CMF wavelength\");\n  return { x: lobes(wavelengthNanometers, X_LOBES), y: lobes(wavelengthNanometers, Y_LOBES), z: lobes(wavelengthNanometers, Z_LOBES) };\n}\n\nfunction parseIncreasingSamples<T extends SpectralWavelengthSample>(\n  samples: unknown,\n  path: string,\n  sampleKeys: readonly string[],\n  parseValue: (sample: Record<string, unknown>, samplePath: string) => T\n): T[] {\n  if (!Array.isArray(samples) || samples.length < 2 || samples.length > MAX_COLORIMETRIC_TABLE_SAMPLES) {\n    throw new InvalidScientificInputError(path + \" must contain between 2 and \" + MAX_COLORIMETRIC_TABLE_SAMPLES + \" samples.\");\n  }\n  const parsed: T[] = [];\n  let previous = -Infinity;\n  samples.forEach((raw: unknown, i) => {\n    const samplePath = path + \"[\" + i + \"]\";\n    const record = requireRecordValue(raw, samplePath);\n    rejectUnknownFields(record, sampleKeys, samplePath);\n    const wavelength = requirePositiveNumber(record.wavelengthNanometers, samplePath + \".wavelengthNanometers\");\n    if (!(wavelength > previous)) throw new InvalidScientificInputError(path + \" wavelengths must be strictly increasing.\");\n    previous = wavelength;\n    parsed.push(parseValue(record, samplePath));\n  });\n  return parsed;\n}\n\n/** Finds the bracketing interval for linear interpolation (binary search). */\nfunction bracket(samples: readonly SpectralWavelengthSample[], wavelength: number): [number, number] {\n  let lo = 0;\n  let hi = samples.length - 1;\n  while (hi - lo > 1) {\n    const mid = (lo + hi) >> 1;\n    if (samples[mid]!.wavelengthNanometers <= wavelength) lo = mid;\n    else hi = mid;\n  }\n  const a = samples[lo]!.wavelengthNanometers;\n  const b = samples[hi]!.wavelengthNanometers;\n  return [lo, (wavelength - a) / (b - a)];\n}\n\n/**\n * Validates a colour-matching-function source once for repeated evaluation.\n * Tabulated values may be signed only for `caller-defined` observers; CIE observers\n * require non-negative values.\n */\nexport function prepareColorMatchingFunctions(source: ColorMatchingFunctionsSource): PreparedColorMatchingFunctions {\n  const record = requireRecordValue(source, \"colorMatchingFunctions\");\n  rejectUnknownFields(record, [\"kind\", \"observer\", \"datasetId\", \"samples\"], \"colorMatchingFunctions\");\n  if (record.kind === \"analytic-cie-1931-multi-lobe-fit\") {\n    rejectUnknownFields(record, [\"kind\"], \"colorMatchingFunctions\");\n    return Object.freeze({\n      observer: \"cie-1931-2-degree\" as const,\n      sourceKind: \"analytic-cie-1931-multi-lobe-fit\" as const,\n      datasetId: \"photivra-cie-1931-multi-lobe-fit-2026-10-17\",\n      scientificStatus: \"approximation\" as const,\n      wavelengthRangeNanometers: { ...ANALYTIC_CIE_1931_CMF_DOMAIN_NANOMETERS },\n      evaluate: estimateCie1931ColorMatchingFunctions\n    });\n  }\n  if (record.kind !== \"tabulated\") throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"colorMatchingFunctions.kind is not supported.\");\n  rejectUnknownFields(record, [\"kind\", \"observer\", \"datasetId\", \"samples\"], \"colorMatchingFunctions\");\n  const observer = record.observer;\n  if (observer !== \"cie-1931-2-degree\" && observer !== \"cie-1964-10-degree\" && observer !== \"caller-defined\") {\n    throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"colorMatchingFunctions.observer is not supported.\");\n  }\n  if (typeof record.datasetId !== \"string\" || record.datasetId.trim().length === 0) {\n    throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"colorMatchingFunctions.datasetId must be a non-empty string.\");\n  }\n  const signed = observer === \"caller-defined\";\n  const samples = parseIncreasingSamples<TabulatedColorMatchingSample>(record.samples, \"colorMatchingFunctions.samples\",\n    [\"wavelengthNanometers\", \"xBar\", \"yBar\", \"zBar\"], (s, p) => {\n    const v = (key: \"xBar\" | \"yBar\" | \"zBar\"): number => {\n      const n = requireFiniteNumber(s[key], p + \".\" + key);\n      if (!signed && n < 0) throw new InvalidScientificInputError(p + \".\" + key + \" must not be negative for a CIE observer.\");\n      return n;\n    };\n    return { wavelengthNanometers: s.wavelengthNanometers as number, xBar: v(\"xBar\"), yBar: v(\"yBar\"), zBar: v(\"zBar\") };\n  });\n  const range = { minimum: samples[0]!.wavelengthNanometers, maximum: samples[samples.length - 1]!.wavelengthNanometers };\n  return Object.freeze({\n    observer,\n    sourceKind: \"tabulated\" as const,\n    datasetId: record.datasetId.trim(),\n    scientificStatus: \"caller-tabulated\" as const,\n    wavelengthRangeNanometers: range,\n    evaluate(wavelengthNanometers: number): CieXyzTristimulus {\n      requireWavelengthIn(wavelengthNanometers, range, \"Tabulated CMF wavelength\");\n      const [i, t] = bracket(samples, wavelengthNanometers);\n      const a = samples[i]!;\n      const b = samples[Math.min(i + 1, samples.length - 1)]!;\n      return { x: a.xBar + (b.xBar - a.xBar) * t, y: a.yBar + (b.yBar - a.yBar) * t, z: a.zBar + (b.zBar - a.zBar) * t };\n    }\n  });\n}\n\n/** A validated spectrum ready for evaluation. */\nexport interface PreparedColorimetricSpectrum {\n  wavelengthRangeNanometers: SpectralWavelengthRangeNanometers;\n  evaluate(wavelengthNanometers: number): number;\n}\n\n/** Validates a tabulated or functional spectrum (values must be finite; sign is not restricted). */\nexport function prepareColorimetricSpectrum(spectrum: ColorimetricSpectrum, path = \"spectrum\"): PreparedColorimetricSpectrum {\n  const record = requireRecordValue(spectrum, path);\n  rejectUnknownFields(record, [\"kind\", \"samples\", \"wavelengthRangeNanometers\", \"evaluate\"], path);\n  if (record.kind === \"function\") {\n    rejectUnknownFields(record, [\"kind\", \"wavelengthRangeNanometers\", \"evaluate\"], path);\n    const range = requireRecordValue(record.wavelengthRangeNanometers, path + \".wavelengthRangeNanometers\");\n    rejectUnknownFields(range, [\"minimum\", \"maximum\"], path + \".wavelengthRangeNanometers\");\n    const minimum = requirePositiveNumber(range.minimum, path + \".wavelengthRangeNanometers.minimum\");\n    const maximum = requirePositiveNumber(range.maximum, path + \".wavelengthRangeNanometers.maximum\");\n    if (!(minimum < maximum)) throw new InvalidScientificInputError(path + \".wavelengthRangeNanometers.minimum must be less than maximum.\");\n    if (typeof record.evaluate !== \"function\") throw new InvalidConfigurationError(path + \".evaluate must be a function.\");\n    const evaluate = record.evaluate as (w: number) => number;\n    const declared = { minimum, maximum };\n    return {\n      wavelengthRangeNanometers: declared,\n      evaluate(w: number): number {\n        requireWavelengthIn(w, declared, path);\n        const v = evaluate(w);\n        if (typeof v !== \"number\" || !Number.isFinite(v)) throw new InvalidScientificInputError(path + \" evaluated to a non-finite value.\");\n        return v;\n      }\n    };\n  }\n  if (record.kind !== \"tabulated\") throw new InvalidConfigurationError(path + \".kind is not supported.\");\n  rejectUnknownFields(record, [\"kind\", \"samples\"], path);\n  const samples = parseIncreasingSamples<ColorimetricSpectralSample>(record.samples, path + \".samples\", [\"wavelengthNanometers\", \"value\"], (s, p) => ({\n    wavelengthNanometers: s.wavelengthNanometers as number,\n    value: requireFiniteNumber(s.value, p + \".value\")\n  }));\n  const range = { minimum: samples[0]!.wavelengthNanometers, maximum: samples[samples.length - 1]!.wavelengthNanometers };\n  return {\n    wavelengthRangeNanometers: range,\n    evaluate(w: number): number {\n      requireWavelengthIn(w, range, path);\n      const [i, t] = bracket(samples, w);\n      const a = samples[i]!.value;\n      const b = samples[Math.min(i + 1, samples.length - 1)]!.value;\n      return a + (b - a) * t;\n    }\n  };\n}\n\nexport interface CreateColorimetricMidpointQuadratureInput {\n  wavelengthRangeNanometers: SpectralWavelengthRangeNanometers;\n  /** Hard upper bound on each midpoint subinterval width, nm. */\n  maximumSubintervalWidthNanometers: number;\n}\n\n/**\n * Builds deterministic uniform midpoint wavelength nodes covering the range. Every\n * node carries its d-lambda measure in nm; the measures sum to the range width.\n */\nexport function createColorimetricMidpointQuadrature(input: CreateColorimetricMidpointQuadratureInput): ColorimetricQuadratureNode[] {\n  requireInputKeys(input, \"createColorimetricMidpointQuadrature\", [\"wavelengthRangeNanometers\", \"maximumSubintervalWidthNanometers\"]);\n  const range = requireRecordValue(input.wavelengthRangeNanometers, \"wavelengthRangeNanometers\");\n  rejectUnknownFields(range, [\"minimum\", \"maximum\"], \"wavelengthRangeNanometers\");\n  const minimum = requirePositiveNumber(range.minimum, \"wavelengthRangeNanometers.minimum\");\n  const maximum = requirePositiveNumber(range.maximum, \"wavelengthRangeNanometers.maximum\");\n  if (!(minimum < maximum)) throw new InvalidScientificInputError(\"wavelengthRangeNanometers.minimum must be less than maximum.\");\n  const width = requirePositiveNumber(input.maximumSubintervalWidthNanometers, \"maximumSubintervalWidthNanometers\");\n  const count = Math.ceil((maximum - minimum) / width - 1e-9);\n  if (count > MAX_COLORIMETRIC_QUADRATURE_NODES) throw new InvalidScientificInputError(\"Quadrature would exceed \" + MAX_COLORIMETRIC_QUADRATURE_NODES + \" nodes.\");\n  const step = (maximum - minimum) / count;\n  const nodes: ColorimetricQuadratureNode[] = [];\n  for (let i = 0; i < count; i++) nodes.push({ wavelengthNanometers: minimum + (i + 0.5) * step, wavelengthMeasureNanometers: step });\n  return nodes;\n}\n\n/** Validates explicit quadrature nodes (positive wavelengths and positive measures). */\nexport function parseColorimetricQuadratureNodes(nodes: unknown): ColorimetricQuadratureNode[] {\n  if (!Array.isArray(nodes) || nodes.length === 0 || nodes.length > MAX_COLORIMETRIC_QUADRATURE_NODES) {\n    throw new InvalidScientificInputError(\"quadratureNodes must contain between 1 and \" + MAX_COLORIMETRIC_QUADRATURE_NODES + \" nodes.\");\n  }\n  return nodes.map((raw: unknown, i) => {\n    const r = requireRecordValue(raw, \"quadratureNodes[\" + i + \"]\");\n    rejectUnknownFields(r, [\"wavelengthNanometers\", \"wavelengthMeasureNanometers\"], \"quadratureNodes[\" + i + \"]\");\n    return {\n      wavelengthNanometers: requirePositiveNumber(r.wavelengthNanometers, \"quadratureNodes[\" + i + \"].wavelengthNanometers\"),\n      wavelengthMeasureNanometers: requirePositiveNumber(r.wavelengthMeasureNanometers, \"quadratureNodes[\" + i + \"].wavelengthMeasureNanometers\")\n    };\n  });\n}\n\n/**\n * Normalization of integrated tristimulus values.\n * - `white-luminance-one`: k = 1 / Σ S ȳ Δλ, so the perfect reflecting diffuser (or the\n *   illuminant itself) has Y = 1 (relative colorimetry with Y scaled to 1; also CIE 15:2018).\n * - `scale`: X = factor · Σ …; for example 683.002 lm/W with spectral radiance in\n *   W·m⁻²·sr⁻¹·nm⁻¹ yields luminance in cd/m² (the caller owns the unit semantics).\n */\nexport type TristimulusNormalization = { kind: \"white-luminance-one\" } | { kind: \"scale\"; factor: number };\n\nexport interface IntegrateSpectrumToXyzInput {\n  quadratureNodes: readonly ColorimetricQuadratureNode[];\n  /** Illuminant SPD or emitted spectral radiance S(λ). */\n  spectralDistribution: ColorimetricSpectrum;\n  /** Optional spectral reflectance/transmittance factor R(λ); omitted means R = 1. */\n  spectralFactor?: ColorimetricSpectrum;\n  colorMatchingFunctions: ColorMatchingFunctionsSource;\n  normalization: TristimulusNormalization;\n}\n\nexport interface IntegratedSpectrumXyz {\n  xyz: CieXyzTristimulus;\n  /** Tristimulus values of S(λ) alone under the same normalization (the adopted white). */\n  whiteXyz: CieXyzTristimulus;\n  chromaticity: CieXyChromaticity | null;\n  normalizationFactor: number;\n  observer: ColorimetricObserver;\n  nodeCount: number;\n}\n\n/** Internal: per-node weights S·Δλ and CMF values; reused by matrix fitting. */\nexport interface SampledColorimetricBasis {\n  nodes: readonly ColorimetricQuadratureNode[];\n  weights: Float64Array;\n  xBar: Float64Array;\n  yBar: Float64Array;\n  zBar: Float64Array;\n  cmf: PreparedColorMatchingFunctions;\n}\n\nexport function sampleColorimetricBasis(\n  quadratureNodes: readonly ColorimetricQuadratureNode[],\n  spectralDistribution: PreparedColorimetricSpectrum,\n  cmf: PreparedColorMatchingFunctions\n): SampledColorimetricBasis {\n  const nodes = parseColorimetricQuadratureNodes(quadratureNodes);\n  const n = nodes.length;\n  const weights = new Float64Array(n), xBar = new Float64Array(n), yBar = new Float64Array(n), zBar = new Float64Array(n);\n  for (let i = 0; i < n; i++) {\n    const node = nodes[i]!;\n    const c = cmf.evaluate(node.wavelengthNanometers);\n    weights[i] = spectralDistribution.evaluate(node.wavelengthNanometers) * node.wavelengthMeasureNanometers;\n    xBar[i] = c.x; yBar[i] = c.y; zBar[i] = c.z;\n  }\n  return { nodes, weights, xBar, yBar, zBar, cmf };\n}\n\nexport function sampleFactor(basis: SampledColorimetricBasis, factor: PreparedColorimetricSpectrum | undefined): Float64Array {\n  const out = new Float64Array(basis.nodes.length);\n  for (let i = 0; i < out.length; i++) out[i] = factor === undefined ? 1 : factor.evaluate(basis.nodes[i]!.wavelengthNanometers);\n  return out;\n}\n\nexport function integrateSampledXyz(basis: SampledColorimetricBasis, factor: Float64Array): CieXyzTristimulus {\n  let x = 0, y = 0, z = 0;\n  for (let i = 0; i < factor.length; i++) {\n    const w = basis.weights[i]! * factor[i]!;\n    x += w * basis.xBar[i]!; y += w * basis.yBar[i]!; z += w * basis.zBar[i]!;\n  }\n  return { x, y, z };\n}\n\nexport function resolveNormalizationFactor(normalization: TristimulusNormalization, unnormalizedWhiteY: number): number {\n  const r = requireRecordValue(normalization, \"normalization\");\n  if (r.kind === \"white-luminance-one\") {\n    if (!(unnormalizedWhiteY > 0) || !Number.isFinite(unnormalizedWhiteY)) {\n      throw new InvalidScientificInputError(\"White-luminance normalization requires a positive integrated Y of the spectral distribution.\");\n    }\n    return 1 / unnormalizedWhiteY;\n  }\n  if (r.kind === \"scale\") return requirePositiveNumber(r.factor, \"normalization.factor\");\n  throw new InvalidConfigurationError(\"normalization.kind is not supported.\");\n}\n\nfunction scaleXyz(xyz: CieXyzTristimulus, k: number): CieXyzTristimulus {\n  return { x: xyz.x * k, y: xyz.y * k, z: xyz.z * k };\n}\n\n/**\n * Integrates a spectrum (optionally multiplied by a reflectance/transmittance factor)\n * against colour-matching functions with caller-explicit quadrature (the tristimulus integral of\n * Wyman, Sloan & Shirley 2013, Eq. 1; also CIE 15:2018 §7).\n * Provenance is `approximation` for the analytic CMF fit and `calculated` for\n * caller-tabulated CMFs. Either way, the caller chooses the quadrature.\n */\nexport function integrateSpectrumToXyz(input: IntegrateSpectrumToXyzInput): CalculationResult<IntegratedSpectrumXyz> {\n  requireInputKeys(input, \"integrateSpectrumToXyz\", [\"quadratureNodes\", \"spectralDistribution\", \"spectralFactor\", \"colorMatchingFunctions\", \"normalization\"]);\n  const cmf = prepareColorMatchingFunctions(input.colorMatchingFunctions);\n  const distribution = prepareColorimetricSpectrum(input.spectralDistribution, \"spectralDistribution\");\n  const factor = input.spectralFactor === undefined ? undefined : prepareColorimetricSpectrum(input.spectralFactor, \"spectralFactor\");\n  const basis = sampleColorimetricBasis(input.quadratureNodes, distribution, cmf);\n  const rawWhite = integrateSampledXyz(basis, sampleFactor(basis, undefined));\n  const rawSample = factor === undefined ? rawWhite : integrateSampledXyz(basis, sampleFactor(basis, factor));\n  const k = resolveNormalizationFactor(input.normalization, rawWhite.y);\n  const xyz = scaleXyz(rawSample, k);\n  const whiteXyz = scaleXyz(rawWhite, k);\n  requireFiniteResult([xyz.x, xyz.y, xyz.z, whiteXyz.x, whiteXyz.y, whiteXyz.z], \"Spectral integration\");\n  const sum = xyz.x + xyz.y + xyz.z;\n  const value: IntegratedSpectrumXyz = {\n    xyz, whiteXyz, chromaticity: sum > 0 ? chromaticityOfXyz(xyz) : null, normalizationFactor: k,\n    observer: cmf.observer, nodeCount: basis.nodes.length\n  };\n  const assumptions = [\n    \"Tristimulus integral evaluated as Σ S(λ)·R(λ)·CMF(λ)·Δλ over the caller's quadrature nodes\",\n    \"Caller owns quadrature convergence and wavelength coverage; tabulated inputs are linearly interpolated and fail closed outside their range\"\n  ];\n  return cmf.scientificStatus === \"approximation\"\n    ? approximationResult(value, \"cie-xyz-spectral-integration-analytic-cmf\", COLORIMETRY_MODEL_VERSION,\n      [...assumptions, \"CIE 1931 2° CMFs from the engine's multi-lobe analytic fit (measured max abs CMF error 0.0122/0.00733/0.0221)\"])\n    : calculatedResult(value, \"cie-xyz-spectral-integration-tabulated-cmf\", COLORIMETRY_MODEL_VERSION,\n      [...assumptions, \"Caller-supplied tabulated CMFs: \" + cmf.datasetId]);\n}\n"]}

package/dist/color/colorimetry-math.d.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+/** Three-component vector (dimensionless unless documented otherwise). */
+export type ColorVector3 = readonly [number, number, number];
+/** Row-major 3×3 matrix; `m[row][column]`. Applied as `m · v` to column vectors. */
+export type ColorMatrix3x3 = readonly [ColorVector3, ColorVector3, ColorVector3];
+/**
+ * Relative CIE XYZ tristimulus values. Units are relative (dimensionless);
+ * a normalized white has `y = 1` unless a function documents another scale.
+ */
+export interface CieXyzTristimulus {
+    x: number;
+    y: number;
+    z: number;
+}
+/** CIE 1931 (x, y) chromaticity coordinates (dimensionless). */
+export interface CieXyChromaticity {
+    x: number;
+    y: number;
+}
+/** CIE 1960 UCS (u, v) chromaticity coordinates (dimensionless). */
+export interface Cie1960UvChromaticity {
+    u: number;
+    v: number;
+}
+export declare function requireFiniteNumber(value: unknown, path: string): number;
+export declare function requirePositiveNumber(value: unknown, path: string): number;
+export declare function requireNonNegativeNumber(value: unknown, path: string): number;
+export declare function requireRecordValue(value: unknown, path: string): Record<string, unknown>;
+/** Parses an XYZ tristimulus record with exactly the fields x, y and z; any other field is rejected. */
+export declare function parseXyz(value: unknown, path: string): CieXyzTristimulus;
+/** Parses a white point: finite, non-negative components with Y > 0; fields other than x, y, z are rejected. */
+export declare function parseWhiteXyz(value: unknown, path: string): CieXyzTristimulus;
+/** Parses a CIE 1931 xy chromaticity with exactly the fields x and y, inside the spectrum-locus triangle bound. */
+export declare function parseChromaticity(value: unknown, path: string): CieXyChromaticity;
+export declare function parseMatrix3x3(value: unknown, path: string): ColorMatrix3x3;
+export declare function multiplyMatrixVector(m: ColorMatrix3x3, v: ColorVector3): ColorVector3;
+export declare function multiplyMatrices(a: ColorMatrix3x3, b: ColorMatrix3x3): ColorMatrix3x3;
+export declare function determinant3x3(m: ColorMatrix3x3): number;
+/** Exact cofactor inverse. Throws (fails closed) on a singular or non-finite result. */
+export declare function invertMatrix3x3(m: ColorMatrix3x3, path?: string): ColorMatrix3x3;
+export declare function diagonalMatrix(v: ColorVector3): ColorMatrix3x3;
+export declare function xyzToVector(xyz: CieXyzTristimulus): ColorVector3;
+export declare function vectorToXyz(v: ColorVector3): CieXyzTristimulus;
+export declare function copyMatrix(m: ColorMatrix3x3): ColorMatrix3x3;
+export declare function requireFiniteResult(values: readonly number[], what: string): void;
+/** XYZ → xy; requires X + Y + Z > 0. */
+export declare function chromaticityOfXyz(xyz: CieXyzTristimulus): CieXyChromaticity;
+/** xy with luminance Y → XYZ (CIE 15 Eq. 7.3 inverse). */
+export declare function xyzOfChromaticity(xy: CieXyChromaticity, luminanceY?: number): CieXyzTristimulus;
+/** CIE 1931 xy → CIE 1960 UCS uv: u = 4x/(−2x+12y+3), v = 6y/(−2x+12y+3). */
+export declare function uvOfChromaticity(xy: CieXyChromaticity): Cie1960UvChromaticity;
+/** CIE 1960 UCS uv → CIE 1931 xy: x = 3u/(2u−8v+4), y = 2v/(2u−8v+4). */
+export declare function chromaticityOfUv(uv: Cie1960UvChromaticity): CieXyChromaticity;

package/dist/color/colorimetry-math.js

@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+/**
+ * Shared colorimetric value types (CIE XYZ tristimulus, xy chromaticity, 3×3
+ * row-major matrices) and exact linear-algebra helpers used by the colorimetry
+ * modules. Pure mathematics; no colour-science constants live here.
+ * @see docs/COLORIMETRY.md for equations, coordinate/unit conventions and limits.
+ */
+import { InvalidScientificInputError, InvalidScientificResultError } from "../core/validation.js";
+import { InvalidConfigurationError } from "../core/configuration-error.js";
+import { rejectUnknownFields } from "../core/record-validation.js";
+export function requireFiniteNumber(value, path) {
+    if (typeof value !== "number" || !Number.isFinite(value)) {
+        throw new InvalidScientificInputError(path + " must be a finite number.");
+    }
+    return value;
+}
+export function requirePositiveNumber(value, path) {
+    const n = requireFiniteNumber(value, path);
+    if (n <= 0)
+        throw new InvalidScientificInputError(path + " must be greater than zero.");
+    return n;
+}
+export function requireNonNegativeNumber(value, path) {
+    const n = requireFiniteNumber(value, path);
+    if (n < 0)
+        throw new InvalidScientificInputError(path + " must not be negative.");
+    return n;
+}
+export function requireRecordValue(value, path) {
+    if (typeof value !== "object" || value === null || Array.isArray(value)) {
+        throw new InvalidConfigurationError(path + " must be an object.");
+    }
+    return value;
+}
+const XYZ_FIELDS = Object.freeze(["x", "y", "z"]);
+const CHROMATICITY_FIELDS = Object.freeze(["x", "y"]);
+/** Parses an XYZ tristimulus record with exactly the fields x, y and z; any other field is rejected. */
+export function parseXyz(value, path) {
+    const r = requireRecordValue(value, path);
+    rejectUnknownFields(r, XYZ_FIELDS, path);
+    return { x: requireFiniteNumber(r.x, path + ".x"), y: requireFiniteNumber(r.y, path + ".y"), z: requireFiniteNumber(r.z, path + ".z") };
+}
+/** Parses a white point: finite, non-negative components with Y > 0; fields other than x, y, z are rejected. */
+export function parseWhiteXyz(value, path) {
+    const r = requireRecordValue(value, path);
+    rejectUnknownFields(r, XYZ_FIELDS, path);
+    return { x: requireNonNegativeNumber(r.x, path + ".x"), y: requirePositiveNumber(r.y, path + ".y"), z: requireNonNegativeNumber(r.z, path + ".z") };
+}
+/** Parses a CIE 1931 xy chromaticity with exactly the fields x and y, inside the spectrum-locus triangle bound. */
+export function parseChromaticity(value, path) {
+    const r = requireRecordValue(value, path);
+    rejectUnknownFields(r, CHROMATICITY_FIELDS, path);
+    const x = requireFiniteNumber(r.x, path + ".x");
+    const y = requireFiniteNumber(r.y, path + ".y");
+    if (x < 0 || y <= 0 || x + y > 1) {
+        throw new InvalidScientificInputError(path + " must satisfy x >= 0, y > 0 and x + y <= 1.");
+    }
+    return { x, y };
+}
+export function parseMatrix3x3(value, path) {
+    if (!Array.isArray(value) || value.length !== 3)
+        throw new InvalidScientificInputError(path + " must be a 3×3 row-major matrix.");
+    return value.map((row, i) => {
+        if (!Array.isArray(row) || row.length !== 3)
+            throw new InvalidScientificInputError(path + " must be a 3×3 row-major matrix.");
+        return row.map((v, j) => requireFiniteNumber(v, path + "[" + i + "][" + j + "]"));
+    });
+}
+export function multiplyMatrixVector(m, v) {
+    return [
+        m[0][0] * v[0] + m[0][1] * v[1] + m[0][2] * v[2],
+        m[1][0] * v[0] + m[1][1] * v[1] + m[1][2] * v[2],
+        m[2][0] * v[0] + m[2][1] * v[1] + m[2][2] * v[2]
+    ];
+}
+export function multiplyMatrices(a, b) {
+    const row = (i) => [
+        a[i][0] * b[0][0] + a[i][1] * b[1][0] + a[i][2] * b[2][0],
+        a[i][0] * b[0][1] + a[i][1] * b[1][1] + a[i][2] * b[2][1],
+        a[i][0] * b[0][2] + a[i][1] * b[1][2] + a[i][2] * b[2][2]
+    ];
+    return [row(0), row(1), row(2)];
+}
+export function determinant3x3(m) {
+    const [[a, b, c], [d, e, f], [g, h, i]] = m;
+    return a * (e * i - f * h) - b * (d * i - f * g) + c * (d * h - e * g);
+}
+/** Exact cofactor inverse. Throws (fails closed) on a singular or non-finite result. */
+export function invertMatrix3x3(m, path = "matrix") {
+    const [[a, b, c], [d, e, f], [g, h, i]] = m;
+    const det = determinant3x3(m);
+    const scale = Math.max(...m.flat().map(Math.abs));
+    if (!Number.isFinite(det) || scale === 0 || Math.abs(det) <= 1e-12 * scale ** 3) {
+        throw new InvalidScientificInputError(path + " is singular or numerically ill-conditioned.");
+    }
+    const inv = [
+        [(e * i - f * h) / det, (c * h - b * i) / det, (b * f - c * e) / det],
+        [(f * g - d * i) / det, (a * i - c * g) / det, (c * d - a * f) / det],
+        [(d * h - e * g) / det, (b * g - a * h) / det, (a * e - b * d) / det]
+    ];
+    if (inv.flat().some((v) => !Number.isFinite(v)))
+        throw new InvalidScientificResultError(path + " inverse is not finite.");
+    return inv;
+}
+export function diagonalMatrix(v) {
+    return [[v[0], 0, 0], [0, v[1], 0], [0, 0, v[2]]];
+}
+export function xyzToVector(xyz) {
+    return [xyz.x, xyz.y, xyz.z];
+}
+export function vectorToXyz(v) {
+    return { x: v[0], y: v[1], z: v[2] };
+}
+export function copyMatrix(m) {
+    return [[...m[0]], [...m[1]], [...m[2]]];
+}
+export function requireFiniteResult(values, what) {
+    if (values.some((v) => !Number.isFinite(v)))
+        throw new InvalidScientificResultError(what + " produced a non-finite value.");
+}
+/** XYZ → xy; requires X + Y + Z > 0. */
+export function chromaticityOfXyz(xyz) {
+    const sum = xyz.x + xyz.y + xyz.z;
+    if (!(sum > 0) || !Number.isFinite(sum))
+        throw new InvalidScientificInputError("Chromaticity requires X + Y + Z > 0.");
+    return { x: xyz.x / sum, y: xyz.y / sum };
+}
+/** xy with luminance Y → XYZ (CIE 15 Eq. 7.3 inverse). */
+export function xyzOfChromaticity(xy, luminanceY = 1) {
+    if (!(xy.y > 0))
+        throw new InvalidScientificInputError("Chromaticity y must be greater than zero.");
+    return { x: (xy.x / xy.y) * luminanceY, y: luminanceY, z: ((1 - xy.x - xy.y) / xy.y) * luminanceY };
+}
+/** CIE 1931 xy → CIE 1960 UCS uv: u = 4x/(−2x+12y+3), v = 6y/(−2x+12y+3). */
+export function uvOfChromaticity(xy) {
+    const d = -2 * xy.x + 12 * xy.y + 3;
+    return { u: (4 * xy.x) / d, v: (6 * xy.y) / d };
+}
+/** CIE 1960 UCS uv → CIE 1931 xy: x = 3u/(2u−8v+4), y = 2v/(2u−8v+4). */
+export function chromaticityOfUv(uv) {
+    const d = 2 * uv.u - 8 * uv.v + 4;
+    return { x: (3 * uv.u) / d, y: (2 * uv.v) / d };
+}
+//# sourceMappingURL=colorimetry-math.js.map

package/dist/color/colorimetry-math.js.map

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SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0\n\n/**\n * Shared colorimetric value types (CIE XYZ tristimulus, xy chromaticity, 3×3\n * row-major matrices) and exact linear-algebra helpers used by the colorimetry\n * modules. Pure mathematics; no colour-science constants live here.\n * @see docs/COLORIMETRY.md for equations, coordinate/unit conventions and limits.\n */\n\nimport { InvalidScientificInputError, InvalidScientificResultError } from \"../core/validation.js\";\nimport { InvalidConfigurationError } from \"../core/configuration-error.js\";\nimport { rejectUnknownFields } from \"../core/record-validation.js\";\n\n/** Three-component vector (dimensionless unless documented otherwise). */\nexport type ColorVector3 = readonly [number, number, number];\n/** Row-major 3×3 matrix; `m[row][column]`. Applied as `m · v` to column vectors. */\nexport type ColorMatrix3x3 = readonly [ColorVector3, ColorVector3, ColorVector3];\n\n/**\n * Relative CIE XYZ tristimulus values. Units are relative (dimensionless);\n * a normalized white has `y = 1` unless a function documents another scale.\n */\nexport interface CieXyzTristimulus {\n  x: number;\n  y: number;\n  z: number;\n}\n\n/** CIE 1931 (x, y) chromaticity coordinates (dimensionless). */\nexport interface CieXyChromaticity {\n  x: number;\n  y: number;\n}\n\n/** CIE 1960 UCS (u, v) chromaticity coordinates (dimensionless). */\nexport interface Cie1960UvChromaticity {\n  u: number;\n  v: number;\n}\n\nexport function requireFiniteNumber(value: unknown, path: string): number {\n  if (typeof value !== \"number\" || !Number.isFinite(value)) {\n    throw new InvalidScientificInputError(path + \" must be a finite number.\");\n  }\n  return value;\n}\n\nexport function requirePositiveNumber(value: unknown, path: string): number {\n  const n = requireFiniteNumber(value, path);\n  if (n <= 0) throw new InvalidScientificInputError(path + \" must be greater than zero.\");\n  return n;\n}\n\nexport function requireNonNegativeNumber(value: unknown, path: string): number {\n  const n = requireFiniteNumber(value, path);\n  if (n < 0) throw new InvalidScientificInputError(path + \" must not be negative.\");\n  return n;\n}\n\nexport function requireRecordValue(value: unknown, path: string): Record<string, unknown> {\n  if (typeof value !== \"object\" || value === null || Array.isArray(value)) {\n    throw new InvalidConfigurationError(path + \" must be an object.\");\n  }\n  return value as Record<string, unknown>;\n}\n\nconst XYZ_FIELDS: readonly string[] = Object.freeze([\"x\", \"y\", \"z\"]);\nconst CHROMATICITY_FIELDS: readonly string[] = Object.freeze([\"x\", \"y\"]);\n\n/** Parses an XYZ tristimulus record with exactly the fields x, y and z; any other field is rejected. */\nexport function parseXyz(value: unknown, path: string): CieXyzTristimulus {\n  const r = requireRecordValue(value, path);\n  rejectUnknownFields(r, XYZ_FIELDS, path);\n  return { x: requireFiniteNumber(r.x, path + \".x\"), y: requireFiniteNumber(r.y, path + \".y\"), z: requireFiniteNumber(r.z, path + \".z\") };\n}\n\n/** Parses a white point: finite, non-negative components with Y > 0; fields other than x, y, z are rejected. */\nexport function parseWhiteXyz(value: unknown, path: string): CieXyzTristimulus {\n  const r = requireRecordValue(value, path);\n  rejectUnknownFields(r, XYZ_FIELDS, path);\n  return { x: requireNonNegativeNumber(r.x, path + \".x\"), y: requirePositiveNumber(r.y, path + \".y\"), z: requireNonNegativeNumber(r.z, path + \".z\") };\n}\n\n/** Parses a CIE 1931 xy chromaticity with exactly the fields x and y, inside the spectrum-locus triangle bound. */\nexport function parseChromaticity(value: unknown, path: string): CieXyChromaticity {\n  const r = requireRecordValue(value, path);\n  rejectUnknownFields(r, CHROMATICITY_FIELDS, path);\n  const x = requireFiniteNumber(r.x, path + \".x\");\n  const y = requireFiniteNumber(r.y, path + \".y\");\n  if (x < 0 || y <= 0 || x + y > 1) {\n    throw new InvalidScientificInputError(path + \" must satisfy x >= 0, y > 0 and x + y <= 1.\");\n  }\n  return { x, y };\n}\n\nexport function parseMatrix3x3(value: unknown, path: string): ColorMatrix3x3 {\n  if (!Array.isArray(value) || value.length !== 3) throw new InvalidScientificInputError(path + \" must be a 3×3 row-major matrix.\");\n  return value.map((row: unknown, i) => {\n    if (!Array.isArray(row) || row.length !== 3) throw new InvalidScientificInputError(path + \" must be a 3×3 row-major matrix.\");\n    return row.map((v: unknown, j) => requireFiniteNumber(v, path + \"[\" + i + \"][\" + j + \"]\"));\n  }) as unknown as ColorMatrix3x3;\n}\n\nexport function multiplyMatrixVector(m: ColorMatrix3x3, v: ColorVector3): ColorVector3 {\n  return [\n    m[0][0] * v[0] + m[0][1] * v[1] + m[0][2] * v[2],\n    m[1][0] * v[0] + m[1][1] * v[1] + m[1][2] * v[2],\n    m[2][0] * v[0] + m[2][1] * v[1] + m[2][2] * v[2]\n  ];\n}\n\nexport function multiplyMatrices(a: ColorMatrix3x3, b: ColorMatrix3x3): ColorMatrix3x3 {\n  const row = (i: 0 | 1 | 2): ColorVector3 => [\n    a[i][0] * b[0][0] + a[i][1] * b[1][0] + a[i][2] * b[2][0],\n    a[i][0] * b[0][1] + a[i][1] * b[1][1] + a[i][2] * b[2][1],\n    a[i][0] * b[0][2] + a[i][1] * b[1][2] + a[i][2] * b[2][2]\n  ];\n  return [row(0), row(1), row(2)];\n}\n\nexport function determinant3x3(m: ColorMatrix3x3): number {\n  const [[a, b, c], [d, e, f], [g, h, i]] = m;\n  return a * (e * i - f * h) - b * (d * i - f * g) + c * (d * h - e * g);\n}\n\n/** Exact cofactor inverse. Throws (fails closed) on a singular or non-finite result. */\nexport function invertMatrix3x3(m: ColorMatrix3x3, path = \"matrix\"): ColorMatrix3x3 {\n  const [[a, b, c], [d, e, f], [g, h, i]] = m;\n  const det = determinant3x3(m);\n  const scale = Math.max(...m.flat().map(Math.abs));\n  if (!Number.isFinite(det) || scale === 0 || Math.abs(det) <= 1e-12 * scale ** 3) {\n    throw new InvalidScientificInputError(path + \" is singular or numerically ill-conditioned.\");\n  }\n  const inv: ColorMatrix3x3 = [\n    [(e * i - f * h) / det, (c * h - b * i) / det, (b * f - c * e) / det],\n    [(f * g - d * i) / det, (a * i - c * g) / det, (c * d - a * f) / det],\n    [(d * h - e * g) / det, (b * g - a * h) / det, (a * e - b * d) / det]\n  ];\n  if (inv.flat().some((v) => !Number.isFinite(v))) throw new InvalidScientificResultError(path + \" inverse is not finite.\");\n  return inv;\n}\n\nexport function diagonalMatrix(v: ColorVector3): ColorMatrix3x3 {\n  return [[v[0], 0, 0], [0, v[1], 0], [0, 0, v[2]]];\n}\n\nexport function xyzToVector(xyz: CieXyzTristimulus): ColorVector3 {\n  return [xyz.x, xyz.y, xyz.z];\n}\n\nexport function vectorToXyz(v: ColorVector3): CieXyzTristimulus {\n  return { x: v[0], y: v[1], z: v[2] };\n}\n\nexport function copyMatrix(m: ColorMatrix3x3): ColorMatrix3x3 {\n  return [[...m[0]], [...m[1]], [...m[2]]] as unknown as ColorMatrix3x3;\n}\n\nexport function requireFiniteResult(values: readonly number[], what: string): void {\n  if (values.some((v) => !Number.isFinite(v))) throw new InvalidScientificResultError(what + \" produced a non-finite value.\");\n}\n\n/** XYZ → xy; requires X + Y + Z > 0. */\nexport function chromaticityOfXyz(xyz: CieXyzTristimulus): CieXyChromaticity {\n  const sum = xyz.x + xyz.y + xyz.z;\n  if (!(sum > 0) || !Number.isFinite(sum)) throw new InvalidScientificInputError(\"Chromaticity requires X + Y + Z > 0.\");\n  return { x: xyz.x / sum, y: xyz.y / sum };\n}\n\n/** xy with luminance Y → XYZ (CIE 15 Eq. 7.3 inverse). */\nexport function xyzOfChromaticity(xy: CieXyChromaticity, luminanceY = 1): CieXyzTristimulus {\n  if (!(xy.y > 0)) throw new InvalidScientificInputError(\"Chromaticity y must be greater than zero.\");\n  return { x: (xy.x / xy.y) * luminanceY, y: luminanceY, z: ((1 - xy.x - xy.y) / xy.y) * luminanceY };\n}\n\n/** CIE 1931 xy → CIE 1960 UCS uv: u = 4x/(−2x+12y+3), v = 6y/(−2x+12y+3). */\nexport function uvOfChromaticity(xy: CieXyChromaticity): Cie1960UvChromaticity {\n  const d = -2 * xy.x + 12 * xy.y + 3;\n  return { u: (4 * xy.x) / d, v: (6 * xy.y) / d };\n}\n\n/** CIE 1960 UCS uv → CIE 1931 xy: x = 3u/(2u−8v+4), y = 2v/(2u−8v+4). */\nexport function chromaticityOfUv(uv: Cie1960UvChromaticity): CieXyChromaticity {\n  const d = 2 * uv.u - 8 * uv.v + 4;\n  return { x: (3 * uv.u) / d, y: (2 * uv.v) / d };\n}\n"]}