@novastera-oss/llamarn 0.0.1-alpha.4

package/cpp/llama.cpp/gguf-py/gguf/gguf_writer.py

@@ -0,0 +1,1041 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import logging
+import os
+import shutil
+import struct
+import tempfile
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from enum import Enum, auto
+from math import prod
+from pathlib import Path
+from io import BufferedWriter
+from typing import IO, Any, Sequence, Mapping
+from string import ascii_letters, digits
+
+import numpy as np
+
+from .constants import (
+    GGUF_DEFAULT_ALIGNMENT,
+    GGUF_MAGIC,
+    GGUF_VERSION,
+    GGMLQuantizationType,
+    GGUFEndian,
+    GGUFValueType,
+    Keys,
+    RopeScalingType,
+    PoolingType,
+    TokenType,
+    ExpertGatingFuncType,
+)
+
+from .quants import quant_shape_from_byte_shape
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+SHARD_NAME_FORMAT = "{:s}-{:05d}-of-{:05d}.gguf"
+
+
+@dataclass
+class TensorInfo:
+    shape: Sequence[int]
+    dtype: GGMLQuantizationType
+    nbytes: int
+    tensor: np.ndarray[Any, Any] | None = None
+
+
+@dataclass
+class GGUFValue:
+    value: Any
+    type: GGUFValueType
+
+
+class WriterState(Enum):
+    NO_FILE = auto()
+    EMPTY   = auto()
+    HEADER  = auto()
+    KV_DATA = auto()
+    TI_DATA = auto()
+    WEIGHTS = auto()
+
+
+class GGUFWriter:
+    fout: list[BufferedWriter] | None
+    path: Path | None
+    temp_file: tempfile.SpooledTemporaryFile[bytes] | None
+    tensors: list[dict[str, TensorInfo]]
+    kv_data: list[dict[str, GGUFValue]]
+    state: WriterState
+    _simple_value_packing = {
+        GGUFValueType.UINT8:   "B",
+        GGUFValueType.INT8:    "b",
+        GGUFValueType.UINT16:  "H",
+        GGUFValueType.INT16:   "h",
+        GGUFValueType.UINT32:  "I",
+        GGUFValueType.INT32:   "i",
+        GGUFValueType.FLOAT32: "f",
+        GGUFValueType.UINT64:  "Q",
+        GGUFValueType.INT64:   "q",
+        GGUFValueType.FLOAT64: "d",
+        GGUFValueType.BOOL:    "?",
+    }
+
+    def __init__(
+        self, path: os.PathLike[str] | str | None, arch: str, use_temp_file: bool = False, endianess: GGUFEndian = GGUFEndian.LITTLE,
+        split_max_tensors: int = 0, split_max_size: int = 0, dry_run: bool = False, small_first_shard: bool = False
+    ):
+        self.fout = None
+        self.path = Path(path) if path else None
+        self.arch = arch
+        self.endianess = endianess
+        self.data_alignment = GGUF_DEFAULT_ALIGNMENT
+        self.use_temp_file = use_temp_file
+        self.temp_file = None
+        self.tensors = [{}]
+        self.kv_data = [{}]
+        self.split_max_tensors = split_max_tensors
+        self.split_max_size = split_max_size
+        self.dry_run = dry_run
+        self.small_first_shard = small_first_shard
+        logger.info("gguf: This GGUF file is for {0} Endian only".format(
+            "Big" if self.endianess == GGUFEndian.BIG else "Little",
+        ))
+        self.state = WriterState.NO_FILE
+
+        if self.small_first_shard:
+            self.tensors.append({})
+
+        self.add_architecture()
+
+    def get_total_parameter_count(self) -> tuple[int, int, int, int]:
+        total_params = 0
+        shared_params = 0
+        expert_params = 0
+
+        expert_sum = 0
+        n_expert_tensors = 0
+
+        last_lora_a: tuple[str, TensorInfo] | None = None
+
+        for tensors in self.tensors:
+            for name, info in tensors.items():
+
+                shape = info.shape
+
+                if name.endswith(".lora_a"):
+                    last_lora_a = (name, info)
+                    continue
+                elif name.endswith(".lora_b"):
+                    if last_lora_a is None or last_lora_a[0] != name[:-1] + "a":
+                        # Bail when the LoRA pair can't be found trivially
+                        logger.warning("can't measure LoRA size correctly, tensor order is unusual")
+                        return 0, 0, 0, 0
+                    else:
+                        shape = (*shape[:-1], last_lora_a[1].shape[-1])
+
+                size = prod(shape)
+
+                if "_exps." in name:
+                    expert_params += (size // shape[-3])
+                    expert_sum += shape[-3]
+                    n_expert_tensors += 1
+                else:
+                    shared_params += size
+
+                total_params += size
+
+        # Hopefully this should work even for variable-expert-count models
+        expert_count = (expert_sum // n_expert_tensors) if n_expert_tensors > 0 else 0
+
+        # Negate the total to signal it's likely not exact
+        if last_lora_a is not None:
+            total_params = -total_params
+
+        # NOTE: keep the output in the same order as accepted by 'size_label' in gguf-py/gguf/utility.py
+        return total_params, shared_params, expert_params, expert_count
+
+    def format_shard_names(self, path: Path) -> list[Path]:
+        if len(self.tensors) == 1:
+            return [path]
+        return [path.with_name(SHARD_NAME_FORMAT.format(path.stem, i + 1, len(self.tensors))) for i in range(len(self.tensors))]
+
+    def open_output_file(self, path: Path | None = None) -> None:
+        if self.state is WriterState.EMPTY and self.fout is not None and (path is None or path == self.path):
+            # allow calling this multiple times as long as the path is the same
+            return
+
+        if self.state is not WriterState.NO_FILE:
+            raise ValueError(f'Expected output file to be not yet opened, got {self.state}')
+
+        if path is not None:
+            self.path = path
+
+        if self.path is not None:
+            filenames = self.print_plan()
+            self.fout = [open(filename, "wb") for filename in filenames]
+            self.state = WriterState.EMPTY
+
+    def print_plan(self) -> list[Path]:
+        logger.info("Writing the following files:")
+        assert self.path is not None
+        filenames = self.format_shard_names(self.path)
+        assert len(filenames) == len(self.tensors)
+        for name, tensors in zip(filenames, self.tensors):
+            logger.info(f"{name}: n_tensors = {len(tensors)}, total_size = {GGUFWriter.format_n_bytes_to_str(sum(ti.nbytes for ti in tensors.values()))}")
+
+        if self.dry_run:
+            logger.info("Dry run, not writing files")
+            for name in filenames:
+                print(name)  # noqa: NP100
+            exit()
+
+        return filenames
+
+    def add_shard_kv_data(self) -> None:
+        if len(self.tensors) == 1:
+            return
+
+        total_tensors = sum(len(t) for t in self.tensors)
+        assert self.fout is not None
+        total_splits = len(self.fout)
+        self.kv_data.extend({} for _ in range(len(self.kv_data), total_splits))
+        for i, kv_data in enumerate(self.kv_data):
+            kv_data[Keys.Split.LLM_KV_SPLIT_NO] = GGUFValue(i, GGUFValueType.UINT16)
+            kv_data[Keys.Split.LLM_KV_SPLIT_COUNT] = GGUFValue(total_splits, GGUFValueType.UINT16)
+            kv_data[Keys.Split.LLM_KV_SPLIT_TENSORS_COUNT] = GGUFValue(total_tensors, GGUFValueType.INT32)
+
+    def write_header_to_file(self, path: Path | None = None) -> None:
+        if len(self.tensors) == 1 and (self.split_max_tensors != 0 or self.split_max_size != 0):
+            logger.warning("Model fails split requirements, not splitting")
+
+        self.open_output_file(path)
+
+        if self.state is not WriterState.EMPTY:
+            raise ValueError(f'Expected output file to be empty, got {self.state}')
+
+        assert self.fout is not None
+        assert len(self.fout) == len(self.tensors)
+        assert len(self.kv_data) == 1
+
+        self.add_shard_kv_data()
+
+        for fout, tensors, kv_data in zip(self.fout, self.tensors, self.kv_data):
+            fout.write(self._pack("<I", GGUF_MAGIC, skip_pack_prefix = True))
+            fout.write(self._pack("I", GGUF_VERSION))
+            fout.write(self._pack("Q", len(tensors)))
+            fout.write(self._pack("Q", len(kv_data)))
+            fout.flush()
+        self.state = WriterState.HEADER
+
+    def write_kv_data_to_file(self) -> None:
+        if self.state is not WriterState.HEADER:
+            raise ValueError(f'Expected output file to contain the header, got {self.state}')
+        assert self.fout is not None
+
+        for fout, kv_data in zip(self.fout, self.kv_data):
+            kv_bytes = bytearray()
+
+            for key, val in kv_data.items():
+                kv_bytes += self._pack_val(key, GGUFValueType.STRING, add_vtype=False)
+                kv_bytes += self._pack_val(val.value, val.type, add_vtype=True)
+
+            fout.write(kv_bytes)
+
+        self.flush()
+        self.state = WriterState.KV_DATA
+
+    def write_ti_data_to_file(self) -> None:
+        if self.state is not WriterState.KV_DATA:
+            raise ValueError(f'Expected output file to contain KV data, got {self.state}')
+        assert self.fout is not None
+
+        for fout, tensors in zip(self.fout, self.tensors):
+            ti_data = bytearray()
+            offset_tensor = 0
+
+            for name, ti in tensors.items():
+                ti_data += self._pack_val(name, GGUFValueType.STRING, add_vtype=False)
+                n_dims = len(ti.shape)
+                ti_data += self._pack("I", n_dims)
+                for j in range(n_dims):
+                    ti_data += self._pack("Q", ti.shape[n_dims - 1 - j])
+                ti_data += self._pack("I", ti.dtype)
+                ti_data += self._pack("Q", offset_tensor)
+                offset_tensor += GGUFWriter.ggml_pad(ti.nbytes, self.data_alignment)
+
+            fout.write(ti_data)
+            fout.flush()
+        self.state = WriterState.TI_DATA
+
+    def add_key_value(self, key: str, val: Any, vtype: GGUFValueType) -> None:
+        if any(key in kv_data for kv_data in self.kv_data):
+            raise ValueError(f'Duplicated key name {key!r}')
+
+        self.kv_data[0][key] = GGUFValue(value=val, type=vtype)
+
+    def add_uint8(self, key: str, val: int) -> None:
+        self.add_key_value(key,val, GGUFValueType.UINT8)
+
+    def add_int8(self, key: str, val: int) -> None:
+        self.add_key_value(key, val, GGUFValueType.INT8)
+
+    def add_uint16(self, key: str, val: int) -> None:
+        self.add_key_value(key, val, GGUFValueType.UINT16)
+
+    def add_int16(self, key: str, val: int) -> None:
+        self.add_key_value(key, val, GGUFValueType.INT16)
+
+    def add_uint32(self, key: str, val: int) -> None:
+        self.add_key_value(key, val, GGUFValueType.UINT32)
+
+    def add_int32(self, key: str, val: int) -> None:
+        self.add_key_value(key, val, GGUFValueType.INT32)
+
+    def add_float32(self, key: str, val: float) -> None:
+        self.add_key_value(key, val, GGUFValueType.FLOAT32)
+
+    def add_uint64(self, key: str, val: int) -> None:
+        self.add_key_value(key, val, GGUFValueType.UINT64)
+
+    def add_int64(self, key: str, val: int) -> None:
+        self.add_key_value(key, val, GGUFValueType.INT64)
+
+    def add_float64(self, key: str, val: float) -> None:
+        self.add_key_value(key, val, GGUFValueType.FLOAT64)
+
+    def add_bool(self, key: str, val: bool) -> None:
+        self.add_key_value(key, val, GGUFValueType.BOOL)
+
+    def add_string(self, key: str, val: str) -> None:
+        if not val:
+            return
+        self.add_key_value(key, val, GGUFValueType.STRING)
+
+    def add_array(self, key: str, val: Sequence[Any]) -> None:
+        if len(val) == 0:
+            return
+        self.add_key_value(key, val, GGUFValueType.ARRAY)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def ggml_pad(x: int, n: int) -> int:
+        return ((x + n - 1) // n) * n
+
+    def add_tensor_info(
+        self, name: str, tensor_shape: Sequence[int], tensor_dtype: np.dtype,
+        tensor_nbytes: int, raw_dtype: GGMLQuantizationType | None = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        if self.state is not WriterState.NO_FILE:
+            raise ValueError(f'Expected output file to be not yet opened, got {self.state}')
+
+        if any(name in tensors for tensors in self.tensors):
+            raise ValueError(f'Duplicated tensor name {name!r}')
+
+        if raw_dtype is None:
+            if tensor_dtype == np.float16:
+                dtype = GGMLQuantizationType.F16
+            elif tensor_dtype == np.float32:
+                dtype = GGMLQuantizationType.F32
+            elif tensor_dtype == np.float64:
+                dtype = GGMLQuantizationType.F64
+            elif tensor_dtype == np.int8:
+                dtype = GGMLQuantizationType.I8
+            elif tensor_dtype == np.int16:
+                dtype = GGMLQuantizationType.I16
+            elif tensor_dtype == np.int32:
+                dtype = GGMLQuantizationType.I32
+            elif tensor_dtype == np.int64:
+                dtype = GGMLQuantizationType.I64
+            else:
+                raise ValueError("Only F16, F32, F64, I8, I16, I32, I64 tensors are supported for now")
+        else:
+            dtype = raw_dtype
+            if tensor_dtype == np.uint8:
+                tensor_shape = quant_shape_from_byte_shape(tensor_shape, raw_dtype)
+
+        # make sure there is at least one tensor before splitting
+        if len(self.tensors[-1]) > 0:
+            if (  # split when over tensor limit
+                self.split_max_tensors != 0
+                and len(self.tensors[-1]) >= self.split_max_tensors
+            ) or (   # split when over size limit
+                self.split_max_size != 0
+                and sum(ti.nbytes for ti in self.tensors[-1].values()) + tensor_nbytes > self.split_max_size
+            ):
+                self.tensors.append({})
+
+        self.tensors[-1][name] = TensorInfo(shape=tensor_shape, dtype=dtype, nbytes=tensor_nbytes)
+
+    def add_tensor(
+        self, name: str, tensor: np.ndarray[Any, Any], raw_shape: Sequence[int] | None = None,
+        raw_dtype: GGMLQuantizationType | None = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        if self.endianess == GGUFEndian.BIG:
+            tensor.byteswap(inplace=True)
+        if self.use_temp_file and self.temp_file is None:
+            fp = tempfile.SpooledTemporaryFile(mode="w+b", max_size=256 * 1024 * 1024)
+            fp.seek(0)
+            self.temp_file = fp
+
+        shape: Sequence[int] = raw_shape if raw_shape is not None else tensor.shape
+        self.add_tensor_info(name, shape, tensor.dtype, tensor.nbytes, raw_dtype=raw_dtype)
+
+        if self.temp_file is None:
+            self.tensors[-1][name].tensor = tensor
+            return
+
+        tensor.tofile(self.temp_file)
+        self.write_padding(self.temp_file, tensor.nbytes)
+
+    def write_padding(self, fp: IO[bytes], n: int, align: int | None = None) -> None:
+        pad = GGUFWriter.ggml_pad(n, align if align is not None else self.data_alignment) - n
+        if pad != 0:
+            fp.write(bytes([0] * pad))
+
+    def write_tensor_data(self, tensor: np.ndarray[Any, Any]) -> None:
+        if self.state is not WriterState.TI_DATA and self.state is not WriterState.WEIGHTS:
+            raise ValueError(f'Expected output file to contain tensor info or weights, got {self.state}')
+        assert self.fout is not None
+
+        if self.endianess == GGUFEndian.BIG:
+            tensor.byteswap(inplace=True)
+
+        file_id = -1
+        for i, tensors in enumerate(self.tensors):
+            if len(tensors) > 0:
+                file_id = i
+                break
+
+        fout = self.fout[file_id]
+
+        # pop the first tensor info
+        # TODO: cleaner way to get the first key
+        first_tensor_name = [name for name, _ in zip(self.tensors[file_id].keys(), range(1))][0]
+        ti = self.tensors[file_id].pop(first_tensor_name)
+        assert ti.nbytes == tensor.nbytes
+
+        self.write_padding(fout, fout.tell())
+        tensor.tofile(fout)
+        self.write_padding(fout, tensor.nbytes)
+
+        self.state = WriterState.WEIGHTS
+
+    def write_tensors_to_file(self, *, progress: bool = False) -> None:
+        self.write_ti_data_to_file()
+
+        assert self.fout is not None
+
+        for fout in self.fout:
+            self.write_padding(fout, fout.tell())
+
+        if self.temp_file is None:
+            shard_bar = None
+            bar = None
+
+            if progress:
+                from tqdm import tqdm
+
+                total_bytes = sum(ti.nbytes for t in self.tensors for ti in t.values())
+
+                if len(self.fout) > 1:
+                    shard_bar = tqdm(desc=f"Shard (0/{len(self.fout)})", total=None, unit="byte", unit_scale=True)
+                bar = tqdm(desc="Writing", total=total_bytes, unit="byte", unit_scale=True)
+
+            for i, (fout, tensors) in enumerate(zip(self.fout, self.tensors)):
+                if shard_bar is not None:
+                    shard_bar.set_description(f"Shard ({i + 1}/{len(self.fout)})")
+                    total = sum(ti.nbytes for ti in tensors.values())
+                    shard_bar.reset(total=(total if total > 0 else None))
+
+                # relying on the fact that Python dicts preserve insertion order (since 3.7)
+                for ti in tensors.values():
+                    assert ti.tensor is not None  # can only iterate once over the tensors
+                    assert ti.tensor.nbytes == ti.nbytes
+                    ti.tensor.tofile(fout)
+                    if shard_bar is not None:
+                        shard_bar.update(ti.nbytes)
+                    if bar is not None:
+                        bar.update(ti.nbytes)
+                    self.write_padding(fout, ti.nbytes)
+                    ti.tensor = None
+        else:
+            self.temp_file.seek(0)
+
+            shutil.copyfileobj(self.temp_file, self.fout[0 if not self.small_first_shard else 1])
+            self.flush()
+            self.temp_file.close()
+
+        self.state = WriterState.WEIGHTS
+
+    def flush(self) -> None:
+        assert self.fout is not None
+        for fout in self.fout:
+            fout.flush()
+
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        if self.fout is not None:
+            for fout in self.fout:
+                fout.close()
+            self.fout = None
+
+    def add_type(self, type_name: str) -> None:
+        self.add_string(Keys.General.TYPE, type_name)
+
+    def add_architecture(self) -> None:
+        self.add_string(Keys.General.ARCHITECTURE, self.arch)
+
+    def add_quantization_version(self, quantization_version: int) -> None:
+        self.add_uint32(Keys.General.QUANTIZATION_VERSION, quantization_version)
+
+    def add_custom_alignment(self, alignment: int) -> None:
+        self.data_alignment = alignment
+        self.add_uint32(Keys.General.ALIGNMENT, alignment)
+
+    def add_file_type(self, ftype: int) -> None:
+        self.add_uint32(Keys.General.FILE_TYPE, ftype)
+
+    def add_name(self, name: str) -> None:
+        self.add_string(Keys.General.NAME, name)
+
+    def add_author(self, author: str) -> None:
+        self.add_string(Keys.General.AUTHOR, author)
+
+    def add_version(self, version: str) -> None:
+        self.add_string(Keys.General.VERSION, version)
+
+    def add_organization(self, organization: str) -> None:
+        self.add_string(Keys.General.ORGANIZATION, organization)
+
+    def add_finetune(self, finetune: str) -> None:
+        self.add_string(Keys.General.FINETUNE, finetune)
+
+    def add_basename(self, basename: str) -> None:
+        self.add_string(Keys.General.BASENAME, basename)
+
+    def add_description(self, description: str) -> None:
+        self.add_string(Keys.General.DESCRIPTION, description)
+
+    def add_quantized_by(self, quantized: str) -> None:
+        self.add_string(Keys.General.QUANTIZED_BY, quantized)
+
+    def add_size_label(self, size_label: str) -> None:
+        self.add_string(Keys.General.SIZE_LABEL, size_label)
+
+    def add_license(self, license: str) -> None:
+        self.add_string(Keys.General.LICENSE, license)
+
+    def add_license_name(self, license: str) -> None:
+        self.add_string(Keys.General.LICENSE_NAME, license)
+
+    def add_license_link(self, license: str) -> None:
+        self.add_string(Keys.General.LICENSE_LINK, license)
+
+    def add_url(self, url: str) -> None:
+        self.add_string(Keys.General.URL, url)
+
+    def add_doi(self, doi: str) -> None:
+        self.add_string(Keys.General.DOI, doi)
+
+    def add_uuid(self, uuid: str) -> None:
+        self.add_string(Keys.General.UUID, uuid)
+
+    def add_repo_url(self, repo_url: str) -> None:
+        self.add_string(Keys.General.REPO_URL, repo_url)
+
+    def add_source_url(self, url: str) -> None:
+        self.add_string(Keys.General.SOURCE_URL, url)
+
+    def add_source_doi(self, doi: str) -> None:
+        self.add_string(Keys.General.SOURCE_DOI, doi)
+
+    def add_source_uuid(self, uuid: str) -> None:
+        self.add_string(Keys.General.SOURCE_UUID, uuid)
+
+    def add_source_repo_url(self, repo_url: str) -> None:
+        self.add_string(Keys.General.SOURCE_REPO_URL, repo_url)
+
+    def add_base_model_count(self, source_count: int) -> None:
+        self.add_uint32(Keys.General.BASE_MODEL_COUNT, source_count)
+
+    def add_base_model_name(self, source_id: int, name: str) -> None:
+        self.add_string(Keys.General.BASE_MODEL_NAME.format(id=source_id), name)
+
+    def add_base_model_author(self, source_id: int, author: str) -> None:
+        self.add_string(Keys.General.BASE_MODEL_AUTHOR.format(id=source_id), author)
+
+    def add_base_model_version(self, source_id: int, version: str) -> None:
+        self.add_string(Keys.General.BASE_MODEL_VERSION.format(id=source_id), version)
+
+    def add_base_model_organization(self, source_id: int, organization: str) -> None:
+        self.add_string(Keys.General.BASE_MODEL_ORGANIZATION.format(id=source_id), organization)
+
+    def add_base_model_description(self, source_id: int, description: str) -> None:
+        self.add_string(Keys.General.BASE_MODEL_DESCRIPTION.format(id=source_id), description)
+
+    def add_base_model_url(self, source_id: int, url: str) -> None:
+        self.add_string(Keys.General.BASE_MODEL_URL.format(id=source_id), url)
+
+    def add_base_model_doi(self, source_id: int, doi: str) -> None:
+        self.add_string(Keys.General.BASE_MODEL_DOI.format(id=source_id), doi)
+
+    def add_base_model_uuid(self, source_id: int, uuid: str) -> None:
+        self.add_string(Keys.General.BASE_MODEL_UUID.format(id=source_id), uuid)
+
+    def add_base_model_repo_url(self, source_id: int, repo_url: str) -> None:
+        self.add_string(Keys.General.BASE_MODEL_REPO_URL.format(id=source_id), repo_url)
+
+    def add_dataset_count(self, source_count: int) -> None:
+        self.add_uint32(Keys.General.DATASET_COUNT, source_count)
+
+    def add_dataset_name(self, source_id: int, name: str) -> None:
+        self.add_string(Keys.General.DATASET_NAME.format(id=source_id), name)
+
+    def add_dataset_author(self, source_id: int, author: str) -> None:
+        self.add_string(Keys.General.DATASET_AUTHOR.format(id=source_id), author)
+
+    def add_dataset_version(self, source_id: int, version: str) -> None:
+        self.add_string(Keys.General.DATASET_VERSION.format(id=source_id), version)
+
+    def add_dataset_organization(self, source_id: int, organization: str) -> None:
+        self.add_string(Keys.General.DATASET_ORGANIZATION.format(id=source_id), organization)
+
+    def add_dataset_description(self, source_id: int, description: str) -> None:
+        self.add_string(Keys.General.DATASET_DESCRIPTION.format(id=source_id), description)
+
+    def add_dataset_url(self, source_id: int, url: str) -> None:
+        self.add_string(Keys.General.DATASET_URL.format(id=source_id), url)
+
+    def add_dataset_doi(self, source_id: int, doi: str) -> None:
+        self.add_string(Keys.General.DATASET_DOI.format(id=source_id), doi)
+
+    def add_dataset_uuid(self, source_id: int, uuid: str) -> None:
+        self.add_string(Keys.General.DATASET_UUID.format(id=source_id), uuid)
+
+    def add_dataset_repo_url(self, source_id: int, repo_url: str) -> None:
+        self.add_string(Keys.General.DATASET_REPO_URL.format(id=source_id), repo_url)
+
+    def add_tags(self, tags: Sequence[str]) -> None:
+        self.add_array(Keys.General.TAGS, tags)
+
+    def add_languages(self, languages: Sequence[str]) -> None:
+        self.add_array(Keys.General.LANGUAGES, languages)
+
+    def add_tensor_data_layout(self, layout: str) -> None:
+        self.add_string(Keys.LLM.TENSOR_DATA_LAYOUT.format(arch=self.arch), layout)
+
+    def add_vocab_size(self, size: int) -> None:
+        self.add_uint32(Keys.LLM.VOCAB_SIZE.format(arch=self.arch), size)
+
+    def add_context_length(self, length: int) -> None:
+        self.add_uint32(Keys.LLM.CONTEXT_LENGTH.format(arch=self.arch), length)
+
+    def add_embedding_length(self, length: int) -> None:
+        self.add_uint32(Keys.LLM.EMBEDDING_LENGTH.format(arch=self.arch), length)
+
+    def add_features_length(self, length: int) -> None:
+        self.add_uint32(Keys.LLM.FEATURES_LENGTH.format(arch=self.arch), length)
+
+    def add_posnet_embedding_length(self, length: int) -> None:
+        self.add_uint32(Keys.PosNet.EMBEDDING_LENGTH.format(arch=self.arch), length)
+
+    def add_posnet_block_count(self, length: int) -> None:
+        self.add_uint32(Keys.PosNet.BLOCK_COUNT.format(arch=self.arch), length)
+
+    def add_convnext_embedding_length(self, length: int) -> None:
+        self.add_uint32(Keys.ConvNext.EMBEDDING_LENGTH.format(arch=self.arch), length)
+
+    def add_convnext_block_count(self, length: int) -> None:
+        self.add_uint32(Keys.ConvNext.BLOCK_COUNT.format(arch=self.arch), length)
+
+    def add_block_count(self, length: int) -> None:
+        self.add_uint32(Keys.LLM.BLOCK_COUNT.format(arch=self.arch), length)
+
+    def add_leading_dense_block_count(self, length: int) -> None:
+        self.add_uint32(Keys.LLM.LEADING_DENSE_BLOCK_COUNT.format(arch=self.arch), length)
+
+    def add_feed_forward_length(self, length: int | Sequence[int]) -> None:
+        if isinstance(length, int):
+            self.add_uint32(Keys.LLM.FEED_FORWARD_LENGTH.format(arch=self.arch), length)
+        else:
+            self.add_array(Keys.LLM.FEED_FORWARD_LENGTH.format(arch=self.arch), length)
+
+    def add_expert_feed_forward_length(self, length: int) -> None:
+        self.add_uint32(Keys.LLM.EXPERT_FEED_FORWARD_LENGTH.format(arch=self.arch), length)
+
+    def add_expert_shared_feed_forward_length(self, length: int) -> None:
+        self.add_uint32(Keys.LLM.EXPERT_SHARED_FEED_FORWARD_LENGTH.format(arch=self.arch), length)
+
+    def add_parallel_residual(self, use: bool) -> None:
+        self.add_bool(Keys.LLM.USE_PARALLEL_RESIDUAL.format(arch=self.arch), use)
+
+    def add_decoder_start_token_id(self, id: int) -> None:
+        self.add_uint32(Keys.LLM.DECODER_START_TOKEN_ID.format(arch=self.arch), id)
+
+    def add_head_count(self, count: int | Sequence[int]) -> None:
+        if isinstance(count, int):
+            self.add_uint32(Keys.Attention.HEAD_COUNT.format(arch=self.arch), count)
+        else:
+            self.add_array(Keys.Attention.HEAD_COUNT.format(arch=self.arch), count)
+
+    def add_head_count_kv(self, count: int | Sequence[int]) -> None:
+        if isinstance(count, int):
+            self.add_uint32(Keys.Attention.HEAD_COUNT_KV.format(arch=self.arch), count)
+        else:
+            self.add_array(Keys.Attention.HEAD_COUNT_KV.format(arch=self.arch), count)
+
+    def add_key_length(self, length: int) -> None:
+        self.add_uint32(Keys.Attention.KEY_LENGTH.format(arch=self.arch), length)
+
+    def add_value_length(self, length: int) -> None:
+        self.add_uint32(Keys.Attention.VALUE_LENGTH.format(arch=self.arch), length)
+
+    def add_key_length_mla(self, length: int) -> None:
+        self.add_uint32(Keys.Attention.KEY_LENGTH_MLA.format(arch=self.arch), length)
+
+    def add_value_length_mla(self, length: int) -> None:
+        self.add_uint32(Keys.Attention.VALUE_LENGTH_MLA.format(arch=self.arch), length)
+
+    def add_max_alibi_bias(self, bias: float) -> None:
+        self.add_float32(Keys.Attention.MAX_ALIBI_BIAS.format(arch=self.arch), bias)
+
+    def add_clamp_kqv(self, value: float) -> None:
+        self.add_float32(Keys.Attention.CLAMP_KQV.format(arch=self.arch), value)
+
+    def add_logit_scale(self, value: float) -> None:
+        self.add_float32(Keys.LLM.LOGIT_SCALE.format(arch=self.arch), value)
+
+    def add_attn_logit_softcapping(self, value: float) -> None:
+        self.add_float32(Keys.LLM.ATTN_LOGIT_SOFTCAPPING.format(arch=self.arch), value)
+
+    def add_final_logit_softcapping(self, value: float) -> None:
+        self.add_float32(Keys.LLM.FINAL_LOGIT_SOFTCAPPING.format(arch=self.arch), value)
+
+    def add_expert_count(self, count: int) -> None:
+        self.add_uint32(Keys.LLM.EXPERT_COUNT.format(arch=self.arch), count)
+
+    def add_expert_used_count(self, count: int) -> None:
+        self.add_uint32(Keys.LLM.EXPERT_USED_COUNT.format(arch=self.arch), count)
+
+    def add_expert_shared_count(self, count: int) -> None:
+        self.add_uint32(Keys.LLM.EXPERT_SHARED_COUNT.format(arch=self.arch), count)
+
+    def add_expert_weights_scale(self, value: float) -> None:
+        self.add_float32(Keys.LLM.EXPERT_WEIGHTS_SCALE.format(arch=self.arch), value)
+
+    def add_expert_weights_norm(self, value: bool) -> None:
+        self.add_bool(Keys.LLM.EXPERT_WEIGHTS_NORM.format(arch=self.arch), value)
+
+    def add_expert_gating_func(self, value: ExpertGatingFuncType) -> None:
+        self.add_uint32(Keys.LLM.EXPERT_GATING_FUNC.format(arch=self.arch), value.value)
+
+    def add_moe_every_n_layers(self, value: int) -> None:
+        self.add_uint32(Keys.LLM.MOE_EVERY_N_LAYERS.format(arch=self.arch), value)
+
+    def add_swin_norm(self, value: bool) -> None:
+        self.add_bool(Keys.LLM.SWIN_NORM.format(arch=self.arch), value)
+
+    def add_rescale_every_n_layers(self, count: int) -> None:
+        self.add_uint32(Keys.LLM.RESCALE_EVERY_N_LAYERS.format(arch=self.arch), count)
+
+    def add_time_mix_extra_dim(self, dim: int) -> None:
+        self.add_uint32(Keys.LLM.TIME_MIX_EXTRA_DIM.format(arch=self.arch), dim)
+
+    def add_time_decay_extra_dim(self, dim: int) -> None:
+        self.add_uint32(Keys.LLM.TIME_DECAY_EXTRA_DIM.format(arch=self.arch), dim)
+
+    def add_residual_scale(self, value: float) -> None:
+        self.add_float32(Keys.LLM.RESIDUAL_SCALE.format(arch=self.arch), value)
+
+    def add_embedding_scale(self, value: float) -> None:
+        self.add_float32(Keys.LLM.EMBEDDING_SCALE.format(arch=self.arch), value)
+
+    def add_wkv_head_size(self, size: int) -> None:
+        self.add_uint32(Keys.WKV.HEAD_SIZE.format(arch=self.arch), size)
+
+    def add_token_shift_count(self, count: int) -> None:
+        self.add_uint32(Keys.LLM.TOKEN_SHIFT_COUNT.format(arch=self.arch), count)
+
+    def add_interleave_moe_layer_step(self, value: int) -> None:
+        self.add_uint32(Keys.LLM.INTERLEAVE_MOE_LAYER_STEP.format(arch=self.arch), value)
+
+    def add_layer_norm_eps(self, value: float) -> None:
+        self.add_float32(Keys.Attention.LAYERNORM_EPS.format(arch=self.arch), value)
+
+    def add_layer_norm_rms_eps(self, value: float) -> None:
+        self.add_float32(Keys.Attention.LAYERNORM_RMS_EPS.format(arch=self.arch), value)
+
+    def add_group_norm_eps(self, value: float) -> None:
+        self.add_float32(Keys.Attention.GROUPNORM_EPS.format(arch=self.arch), value)
+
+    def add_group_norm_groups(self, value: int) -> None:
+        self.add_uint32(Keys.Attention.GROUPNORM_GROUPS.format(arch=self.arch), value)
+
+    def add_causal_attention(self, value: bool) -> None:
+        self.add_bool(Keys.Attention.CAUSAL.format(arch=self.arch), value)
+
+    def add_q_lora_rank(self, length: int) -> None:
+        self.add_uint32(Keys.Attention.Q_LORA_RANK.format(arch=self.arch), length)
+
+    def add_kv_lora_rank(self, length: int) -> None:
+        self.add_uint32(Keys.Attention.KV_LORA_RANK.format(arch=self.arch), length)
+
+    def add_decay_lora_rank(self, length: int) -> None:
+        self.add_uint32(Keys.Attention.DECAY_LORA_RANK.format(arch=self.arch), length)
+
+    def add_iclr_lora_rank(self, length: int) -> None:
+        self.add_uint32(Keys.Attention.ICLR_LORA_RANK.format(arch=self.arch), length)
+
+    def add_value_residual_mix_lora_rank(self, length: int) -> None:
+        self.add_uint32(Keys.Attention.VALUE_RESIDUAL_MIX_LORA_RANK.format(arch=self.arch), length)
+
+    def add_gate_lora_rank(self, length: int) -> None:
+        self.add_uint32(Keys.Attention.GATE_LORA_RANK.format(arch=self.arch), length)
+
+    def add_relative_attn_buckets_count(self, value: int) -> None:
+        self.add_uint32(Keys.Attention.REL_BUCKETS_COUNT.format(arch=self.arch), value)
+
+    def add_sliding_window(self, value: int) -> None:
+        self.add_uint32(Keys.Attention.SLIDING_WINDOW.format(arch=self.arch), value)
+
+    def add_attention_scale(self, value: float) -> None:
+        self.add_float32(Keys.Attention.SCALE.format(arch=self.arch), value)
+
+    def add_pooling_type(self, value: PoolingType) -> None:
+        self.add_uint32(Keys.LLM.POOLING_TYPE.format(arch=self.arch), value.value)
+
+    def add_rope_dimension_count(self, count: int) -> None:
+        self.add_uint32(Keys.Rope.DIMENSION_COUNT.format(arch=self.arch), count)
+
+    def add_rope_dimension_sections(self, dims: Sequence[int]) -> None:
+        self.add_array(Keys.Rope.DIMENSION_SECTIONS.format(arch=self.arch), dims)
+
+    def add_rope_freq_base(self, value: float) -> None:
+        self.add_float32(Keys.Rope.FREQ_BASE.format(arch=self.arch), value)
+
+    def add_rope_scaling_type(self, value: RopeScalingType) -> None:
+        self.add_string(Keys.Rope.SCALING_TYPE.format(arch=self.arch), value.value)
+
+    def add_rope_scaling_factor(self, value: float) -> None:
+        self.add_float32(Keys.Rope.SCALING_FACTOR.format(arch=self.arch), value)
+
+    def add_rope_scaling_attn_factors(self, value: float) -> None:
+        self.add_float32(Keys.Rope.SCALING_ATTN_FACTOR.format(arch=self.arch), value)
+
+    def add_rope_scaling_orig_ctx_len(self, value: int) -> None:
+        self.add_uint32(Keys.Rope.SCALING_ORIG_CTX_LEN.format(arch=self.arch), value)
+
+    def add_rope_scaling_finetuned(self, value: bool) -> None:
+        self.add_bool(Keys.Rope.SCALING_FINETUNED.format(arch=self.arch), value)
+
+    def add_rope_scaling_yarn_log_mul(self, value: float) -> None:
+        self.add_float32(Keys.Rope.SCALING_YARN_LOG_MUL.format(arch=self.arch), value)
+
+    def add_ssm_conv_kernel(self, value: int) -> None:
+        self.add_uint32(Keys.SSM.CONV_KERNEL.format(arch=self.arch), value)
+
+    def add_ssm_inner_size(self, value: int) -> None:
+        self.add_uint32(Keys.SSM.INNER_SIZE.format(arch=self.arch), value)
+
+    def add_ssm_state_size(self, value: int) -> None:
+        self.add_uint32(Keys.SSM.STATE_SIZE.format(arch=self.arch), value)
+
+    def add_ssm_time_step_rank(self, value: int) -> None:
+        self.add_uint32(Keys.SSM.TIME_STEP_RANK.format(arch=self.arch), value)
+
+    def add_ssm_dt_b_c_rms(self, value: bool) -> None:
+        self.add_bool(Keys.SSM.DT_B_C_RMS.format(arch=self.arch), value)
+
+    def add_tokenizer_model(self, model: str) -> None:
+        self.add_string(Keys.Tokenizer.MODEL, model)
+
+    def add_tokenizer_pre(self, pre: str) -> None:
+        self.add_string(Keys.Tokenizer.PRE, pre)
+
+    def add_token_list(self, tokens: Sequence[str] | Sequence[bytes] | Sequence[bytearray]) -> None:
+        self.add_array(Keys.Tokenizer.LIST, tokens)
+
+    def add_token_merges(self, merges: Sequence[str] | Sequence[bytes] | Sequence[bytearray]) -> None:
+        self.add_array(Keys.Tokenizer.MERGES, merges)
+
+    def add_token_types(self, types: Sequence[TokenType] | Sequence[int]) -> None:
+        self.add_array(Keys.Tokenizer.TOKEN_TYPE, types)
+
+    def add_token_type_count(self, value: int) -> None:
+        self.add_uint32(Keys.Tokenizer.TOKEN_TYPE_COUNT, value)
+
+    def add_token_scores(self, scores: Sequence[float]) -> None:
+        self.add_array(Keys.Tokenizer.SCORES, scores)
+
+    def add_bos_token_id(self, id: int) -> None:
+        self.add_uint32(Keys.Tokenizer.BOS_ID, id)
+
+    def add_eos_token_id(self, id: int) -> None:
+        self.add_uint32(Keys.Tokenizer.EOS_ID, id)
+
+    def add_unk_token_id(self, id: int) -> None:
+        self.add_uint32(Keys.Tokenizer.UNK_ID, id)
+
+    def add_sep_token_id(self, id: int) -> None:
+        self.add_uint32(Keys.Tokenizer.SEP_ID, id)
+
+    def add_pad_token_id(self, id: int) -> None:
+        self.add_uint32(Keys.Tokenizer.PAD_ID, id)
+
+    def add_mask_token_id(self, id: int) -> None:
+        self.add_uint32(Keys.Tokenizer.MASK_ID, id)
+
+    def add_add_bos_token(self, value: bool) -> None:
+        self.add_bool(Keys.Tokenizer.ADD_BOS, value)
+
+    def add_add_eos_token(self, value: bool) -> None:
+        self.add_bool(Keys.Tokenizer.ADD_EOS, value)
+
+    def add_add_space_prefix(self, value: bool) -> None:
+        self.add_bool(Keys.Tokenizer.ADD_PREFIX, value)
+
+    def add_remove_extra_whitespaces(self, value: bool) -> None:
+        self.add_bool(Keys.Tokenizer.REMOVE_EXTRA_WS, value)
+
+    def add_precompiled_charsmap(self, charsmap: Sequence[bytes]) -> None:
+        self.add_array(Keys.Tokenizer.PRECOMPILED_CHARSMAP, charsmap)
+
+    def add_chat_template(self, value: str | Sequence[Mapping[str, str]]) -> None:
+        if not isinstance(value, str):
+            template_default = None
+            template_names = set()
+
+            for choice in value:
+                name = choice.get('name', '')
+                template = choice.get('template')
+
+                # Allowing non-alphanumerical characters in template name is probably not a good idea, so filter it
+                name = ''.join((c if c in ascii_letters + digits else '_' for c in name))
+
+                if name and template is not None:
+                    if name == 'default':
+                        template_default = template
+                    else:
+                        template_names.add(name)
+                        self.add_string(Keys.Tokenizer.CHAT_TEMPLATE_N.format(name=name), template)
+
+            if template_names:
+                self.add_array(Keys.Tokenizer.CHAT_TEMPLATES, list(template_names))
+
+            if template_default is None:
+                return
+
+            value = template_default
+
+        self.add_string(Keys.Tokenizer.CHAT_TEMPLATE, value)
+
+    def add_eot_token_id(self, id: int) -> None:
+        self.add_uint32(Keys.Tokenizer.EOT_ID, id)
+
+    def add_eom_token_id(self, id: int) -> None:
+        self.add_uint32(Keys.Tokenizer.EOM_ID, id)
+
+    # for vision models
+
+    def add_vision_projection_dim(self, value: int) -> None:
+        self.add_uint32(Keys.ClipVision.PROJECTION_DIM, value)
+
+    def add_vision_has_vision_encoder(self, value: bool) -> None:
+        self.add_bool(Keys.ClipVision.HAS_VISION_ENCODER, value)
+
+    def add_vision_patch_size(self, value: int) -> None:
+        self.add_uint32(Keys.ClipVision.PATCH_SIZE, value)
+
+    def add_vision_embedding_length(self, value: int) -> None:
+        self.add_uint32(Keys.ClipVision.EMBEDDING_LENGTH, value)
+
+    def add_vision_feed_forward_length(self, value: int) -> None:
+        self.add_uint32(Keys.ClipVision.FEED_FORWARD_LENGTH, value)
+
+    def add_vision_block_count(self, value: int) -> None:
+        self.add_uint32(Keys.ClipVision.BLOCK_COUNT, value)
+
+    def add_vision_head_count(self, value: int) -> None:
+        self.add_uint32(Keys.ClipVision.Attention.HEAD_COUNT, value)
+
+    def add_vision_projector_type(self, value: str) -> None:
+        self.add_string(Keys.ClipVision.PROJECTOR_TYPE, value)
+
+    def add_vision_attention_layernorm_eps(self, value: float) -> None:
+        self.add_float32(Keys.ClipVision.Attention.LAYERNORM_EPS, value)
+
+    def add_vision_image_size(self, value: int) -> None:
+        self.add_uint32(Keys.ClipVision.IMAGE_SIZE, value)
+
+    def add_vision_image_mean(self, values: Sequence[float]) -> None:
+        self.add_array(Keys.ClipVision.IMAGE_MEAN, values)
+
+    def add_vision_image_std(self, values: Sequence[float]) -> None:
+        self.add_array(Keys.ClipVision.IMAGE_STD, values)
+
+    def add_vision_spatial_merge_size(self, value: int) -> None:
+        self.add_uint32(Keys.ClipVision.SPATIAL_MERGE_SIZE, value)
+
+    def add_vision_use_gelu(self, value: bool) -> None:
+        self.add_bool(Keys.ClipVision.USE_GELU, value)
+
+    def add_vision_use_silu(self, value: bool) -> None:
+        self.add_bool(Keys.ClipVision.USE_SILU, value)
+
+    def add_vision_projector_scale_factor(self, value: int) -> None:
+        self.add_uint32(Keys.ClipVision.Projector.SCALE_FACTOR, value)
+
+    def add_vision_n_wa_pattern(self, value: int) -> None:
+        self.add_uint32(Keys.ClipVision.N_WA_PATTERN, value)
+
+    def _pack(self, fmt: str, value: Any, skip_pack_prefix: bool = False) -> bytes:
+        pack_prefix = ''
+        if not skip_pack_prefix:
+            pack_prefix = '<' if self.endianess == GGUFEndian.LITTLE else '>'
+        return struct.pack(f'{pack_prefix}{fmt}', value)
+
+    def _pack_val(self, val: Any, vtype: GGUFValueType, add_vtype: bool) -> bytes:
+        kv_data = bytearray()
+
+        if add_vtype:
+            kv_data += self._pack("I", vtype)
+
+        pack_fmt = self._simple_value_packing.get(vtype)
+        if pack_fmt is not None:
+            kv_data += self._pack(pack_fmt, val, skip_pack_prefix = vtype == GGUFValueType.BOOL)
+        elif vtype == GGUFValueType.STRING:
+            encoded_val = val.encode("utf-8") if isinstance(val, str) else val
+            kv_data += self._pack("Q", len(encoded_val))
+            kv_data += encoded_val
+        elif vtype == GGUFValueType.ARRAY:
+
+            if not isinstance(val, Sequence):
+                raise ValueError("Invalid GGUF metadata array, expecting sequence")
+
+            if len(val) == 0:
+                raise ValueError("Invalid GGUF metadata array. Empty array")
+
+            if isinstance(val, bytes):
+                ltype = GGUFValueType.UINT8
+            else:
+                ltype = GGUFValueType.get_type(val[0])
+                if not all(GGUFValueType.get_type(i) is ltype for i in val[1:]):
+                    raise ValueError("All items in a GGUF array should be of the same type")
+            kv_data += self._pack("I", ltype)
+            kv_data += self._pack("Q", len(val))
+            for item in val:
+                kv_data += self._pack_val(item, ltype, add_vtype=False)
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("Invalid GGUF metadata value type or value")
+
+        return kv_data
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def format_n_bytes_to_str(num: int) -> str:
+        if num == 0:
+            return "negligible - metadata only"
+        fnum = float(num)
+        for unit in ("", "K", "M", "G"):
+            if abs(fnum) < 1000.0:
+                return f"{fnum:3.1f}{unit}"
+            fnum /= 1000.0
+        return f"{fnum:.1f}T - over 1TB, split recommended"