@needle-tools/engine 4.4.0-alpha.5 → 4.4.0-beta.1

package/src/engine/engine_utils.ts

@@ -1,973 +1,973 @@
-// use for typesafe interface method calls
-import { Quaternion, Vector2, Vector3, Vector4 } from "three";
-
-declare type Vector = Vector2 | Vector3 | Vector4 | Quaternion;
-
-import { type Context } from "./engine_context.js";
-import { ContextRegistry } from "./engine_context_registry.js";
-import { type SourceIdentifier } from "./engine_types.js";
-
-// https://schneidenbach.gitbooks.io/typescript-cookbook/content/nameof-operator.html
-/** @internal */
-export const nameofFactory = <T>() => (name: keyof T) => name;
-
-/** @internal */
-export function nameof<T>(name: keyof T) {
-    return nameofFactory<T>()(name);
-}
-
-type ParseNumber<T> = T extends `${infer U extends number}` ? U : never;
-export type EnumToPrimitiveUnion<T> = `${T & string}` | ParseNumber<`${T & number}`>;
-
-/** @internal */
-export function isDebugMode(): boolean {
-    return getParam("debug") ? true : false;
-}
-
-
-/**
- * The circular buffer class can be used to cache objects that don't need to be created every frame.    
- * This structure is used for e.g. Vector3 or Quaternion objects in the engine when calling `getTempVector3` or `getTempQuaternion`.
- * 
- * @example Create a circular buffer that caches Vector3 objects. Max size is 10.
- * ```typescript
- * const buffer = new CircularBuffer(() => new Vector3(), 10);
- * const vec = buffer.get();
- * ```
- * 
- * @example Create a circular buffer that caches Quaternion objects. Max size is 1000.
- * ```typescript
- * const buffer = new CircularBuffer(() => new Quaternion(), 1000);
- * const quat = buffer.get();
- * ```
- */
-export class CircularBuffer<T> {
-    private _factory: () => T;
-    private _cache: T[] = [];
-    private _maxSize: number;
-    private _index: number = 0;
-
-    constructor(factory: () => T, maxSize: number) {
-        this._factory = factory;
-        this._maxSize = maxSize;
-    }
-
-    get(): T {
-        const i = this._index % this._maxSize;
-        this._index++;
-        if (this._cache.length <= i) {
-            this._cache[i] = this._factory();
-        }
-        return this._cache[i];
-    }
-}
-
-let showHelp: Param<"help"> = false;
-const requestedParams: Array<string> = new Array();
-
-if (typeof window !== "undefined") {
-    setTimeout(() => {
-        // const debugHelp = getParam("debughelp");
-        if (showHelp) {
-            const params = {};
-            const url = new URL(window.location.href);
-            const exampleUrl = new URL(url);
-            exampleUrl.searchParams.append("console", "");
-            const exampleUrlStr = exampleUrl.toString().replace(/=$|=(?=&)/g, '');
-            // Filter the params we're interested in
-            for (const param of requestedParams) {
-                const url2 = new URL(url);
-                url2.searchParams.append(param, "");
-                // Save url with clean parameters (remove trailing = and empty parameters)
-                params[param] = url2.toString().replace(/=$|=(?=&)/g, '');
-            }
-            console.log(
-                "🌵 ?help: Debug Options for Needle Engine.\n" +
-                "Append any of these parameters to the URL to enable specific debug options.\n" +
-                `Example: ${exampleUrlStr} will show an onscreen console window.`);
-            const postfix = showHelp === true ? "" : ` (containing "${showHelp}")`;
-            console.group("Available URL parameters:" + postfix);
-            for (const key of Object.keys(params).sort()) {
-                // If ?help= is a string we only want to show the parameters that contain the string
-                if (typeof showHelp === "string") {
-                    if (!key.toLowerCase().includes(showHelp.toLowerCase())) continue;
-                }
-                console.groupCollapsed(key);
-                // Needs to be a separate log, otherwise Safari doesn't turn the next line into a URL:
-                console.log("Reload with this flag enabled:");
-                console.log(params[key]);
-                console.groupEnd();
-            }
-            console.groupEnd();
-        }
-    }, 100);
-}
-
-export function getUrlParams() {
-    // "window" may not exist in node.js
-    return new URLSearchParams(globalThis.location?.search);
-}
-
-// bit strange that we have to pass T in here as well but otherwise the type parameter is stripped it seems
-type Param<T extends string> = string | boolean | number | T;
-
-/** Checks if a url parameter exists.
- * Returns true if it exists but has no value (e.g. ?help)
- * Returns false if it does not exist
- * Returns false if it's set to 0 e.g. ?debug=0
- * Returns the value if it exists e.g. ?message=hello
- */
-export function getParam<T extends string>(paramName: T): Param<T> {
-    if (showHelp && !requestedParams.includes(paramName))
-        requestedParams.push(paramName);
-    const urlParams = getUrlParams();
-    if (urlParams.has(paramName)) {
-        const val = urlParams.get(paramName);
-        if (val) {
-            const num = Number(val);
-            if (!isNaN(num)) return num;
-            return val;
-        }
-        else return true;
-    }
-    return false;
-}
-showHelp = getParam("help");
-
-export function setParam(paramName: string, paramValue: string): void {
-    const urlParams = getUrlParams();
-    if (urlParams.has(paramName)) {
-        urlParams.set(paramName, paramValue);
-    }
-    else
-        urlParams.append(paramName, paramValue);
-    document.location.search = urlParams.toString();
-}
-
-/** Sets an URL parameter without reloading the website */
-export function setParamWithoutReload(paramName: string, paramValue: string | null, appendHistory = true): void {
-    const urlParams = getUrlParams();
-    if (urlParams.has(paramName)) {
-        if (paramValue === null) urlParams.delete(paramName);
-        else urlParams.set(paramName, paramValue);
-    }
-    else if (paramValue !== null)
-        urlParams.append(paramName, paramValue);
-    if (appendHistory) pushState(paramName, urlParams);
-    else setState(paramName, urlParams);
-}
-
-/** Sets or adds an URL query parameter */
-export function setOrAddParamsToUrl(url: URLSearchParams, paramName: string, paramValue: string | number): void {
-    if (url.has(paramName)) {
-        url.set(paramName, paramValue.toString());
-    }
-    else
-        url.append(paramName, paramValue.toString());
-}
-
-/** Adds an entry to the browser history. Internally uses `window.history.pushState` */
-export function pushState(title: string, urlParams: URLSearchParams, state?: any) {
-    window.history.pushState(state, title, "?" + urlParams.toString());
-}
-
-/** Replaces the current entry in the browser history. Internally uses `window.history.replaceState` */
-export function setState(title: string, urlParams: URLSearchParams, state?: any) {
-    window.history.replaceState(state, title, "?" + urlParams.toString());
-}
-
-// for room id
-/** Generates a random id string of the given length */
-export function makeId(length): string {
-    var result = '';
-    var characters = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789';
-    var charactersLength = characters.length;
-    for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) {
-        result += characters.charAt(Math.floor(Math.random() *
-            charactersLength));
-    }
-    return result;
-}
-
-/** Generates a random number
- * @deprecated use Mathf.random(min, max)
- */
-export function randomNumber(min: number, max: number) {
-    return Math.floor(Math.random() * (max - min + 1)) + min;
-}
-
-const adjectives = ["smol", "tiny", "giant", "interesting", "smart", "bright", "dull", "extreme", "beautiful", "pretty", "dark", "epic", "salty", "silly", "funny", "lame", "lazy", "loud", "lucky", "mad", "mean", "mighty", "mysterious", "nasty", "odd", "old", "powerful", "quiet", "rapid", "scary", "shiny", "shy", "silly", "smooth", "sour", "spicy", "stupid", "sweet", "tasty", "terrible", "ugly", "unusual", "vast", "wet", "wild", "witty", "wrong", "zany", "zealous", "zippy", "zombie", "zorro"];
-const nouns = ["cat", "dog", "mouse", "pig", "cow", "horse", "sheep", "chicken", "duck", "goat", "panda", "tiger", "lion", "elephant", "monkey", "bird", "fish", "snake", "frog", "turtle", "hamster", "penguin", "kangaroo", "whale", "dolphin", "crocodile", "snail", "ant", "bee", "beetle", "butterfly", "dragon", "eagle", "fish", "giraffe", "lizard", "panda", "penguin", "rabbit", "snake", "spider", "tiger", "zebra"]
-/** Generates a random id string from a list of adjectives and nouns */
-export function makeIdFromRandomWords(): string {
-    const randomAdjective = adjectives[Math.floor(Math.random() * adjectives.length)];
-    const randomNoun = nouns[Math.floor(Math.random() * nouns.length)];
-    return randomAdjective + "_" + randomNoun;
-}
-
-// for url parameters
-export function sanitizeString(str): string {
-    str = str.replace(/[^a-z0-9áéíóúñü \.,_-]/gim, "");
-    return str.trim();
-}
-
-
-// TODO: taken from scene utils
-/** 
- * @param globalObjectIdentifier The guid of the object to find
- * @param obj The object to search in
- * @param recursive If true the search will be recursive
- * @param searchComponents If true the search will also search components
- * @returns the first object that has the globalObjectIdentifier as a guid */
-export function tryFindObject(globalObjectIdentifier: string, obj, recursive: boolean = true, searchComponents: boolean = false) {
-    if (obj === undefined || obj === null) return null;
-
-    if (obj.userData && obj.userData.guid === globalObjectIdentifier) return obj;
-    else if (obj.guid == globalObjectIdentifier) return obj;
-
-    if (searchComponents) {
-        if (obj.userData?.components) {
-            for (const comp of obj.userData.components) {
-                if (comp.guid === globalObjectIdentifier) return comp;
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    if (recursive) {
-        if (obj.scenes) {
-            for (const i in obj.scenes) {
-                const scene = obj.scenes[i];
-                const found = tryFindObject(globalObjectIdentifier, scene, recursive, searchComponents);
-                if (found) return found;
-            }
-        }
-        if (obj.children) {
-            for (const i in obj.children) {
-                const child = obj.children[i];
-                const found = tryFindObject(globalObjectIdentifier, child, recursive, searchComponents);
-                if (found) return found;
-            }
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-declare type deepClonePredicate = (owner: any, propertyName: string, current: any) => boolean;
-
-/** Deep clones an object
- * @param obj The object to clone
- * @param predicate A function that can be used to skip certain properties from being cloned
- * @returns The cloned object
- * @example
- * const clone = deepClone(obj, (owner, propertyName, current) => {
- *    if (propertyName === "dontCloneMe") return false;
- *   return true;
- * });
- * */
-export function deepClone(obj: any, predicate?: deepClonePredicate): any {
-    if (obj !== null && obj !== undefined && typeof obj === "object") {
-        let clone;
-        if (Array.isArray(obj)) clone = [];
-        else {
-            clone = Object.create(obj);
-            Object.assign(clone, obj);
-        }
-        for (const key of Object.keys(obj)) {
-            const val = obj[key];
-            if (predicate && !predicate(obj, key, val)) {
-                // console.log("SKIP", val);
-                clone[key] = val;
-            }
-            else if (val?.clone !== undefined && typeof val.clone === "function")
-                clone[key] = val.clone();
-            else
-                clone[key] = deepClone(val, predicate);
-        }
-        return clone;
-    }
-    return obj;
-}
-
-/** Wait for a specific amount of milliseconds to pass
- * @returns a promise that resolves after a certain amount of milliseconds   
- * @example
- * ```typescript
- * await delay(1000);
- * ```
-*/
-export function delay(milliseconds: number): Promise<void> {
-    return new Promise((resolve, _reject) => {
-        setTimeout(resolve, milliseconds);
-    });
-}
-
-/** Will wait for a specific amount of frames to pass
- * @param frameCount The amount of frames to wait for
- * @param context The context to use, if not provided the current context will be used 
- * @returns a promise that resolves after a certain amount of frames 
- * @example
- * ```typescript
- * await delayForFrames(10);
- * ```
-*/
-export function delayForFrames(frameCount: number, context?: Context): Promise<void> {
-
-    if (frameCount <= 0) return Promise.resolve();
-    if (!context) context = ContextRegistry.Current as Context;
-    if (!context) return Promise.reject("No context");
-
-    const endFrame = context.time.frameCount + frameCount;
-    return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
-        if (!context) return reject("No context");
-        const cb = () => {
-            if (context!.time.frameCount >= endFrame) {
-                context!.pre_update_callbacks.splice(context!.pre_update_callbacks.indexOf(cb), 1);
-                resolve();
-            }
-        }
-        context!.pre_update_callbacks.push(cb);
-    });
-}
-
-// 1) if a timeline is exported via menu item the audio clip path is relative to the glb (same folder)
-// we need to detect that here and build the new audio source path relative to the new glb location
-// the same is/might be true for any file that is/will be exported via menu item
-// 2) if the needle.config assetDirectory is modified (from e.g. /assets to /needle/assets) when building a distributable our vite transform and copy plugin will move the files to dist/assets hence we cannot use project-relative paths (because the path changes). What we do instead if make all paths serialized in a glb relative to the glb. The rel: prefix is used to detect urls that need to be resolved.
-const debugGetPath = getParam("debugresolveurl");
-
-export const relativePathPrefix = "rel:";
-
-/** @deprecated use resolveUrl instead */
-export function getPath(source: SourceIdentifier | undefined, uri: string): string {
-    return resolveUrl(source, uri);
-}
-/**
- * Use to resolve a url serialized in a glTF file
- * @param source The uri of the loading file
- * @param uri The uri of the file to resolve, can be absolute or relative
- * @returns The resolved uri
- */
-export function resolveUrl(source: SourceIdentifier | undefined, uri: string): string {
-    if (uri === undefined) {
-        if (debugGetPath) console.warn("getPath: uri is undefined, returning uri", uri);
-        return uri;
-    }
-    if (uri.startsWith("./")) {
-        return uri;
-    }
-    if (uri.startsWith("http")) {
-        if (debugGetPath) console.warn("getPath: uri is absolute, returning uri", uri);
-        return uri;
-    }
-    if (source === undefined) {
-        if (debugGetPath) console.warn("getPath: source is undefined, returning uri", uri);
-        return uri;
-    }
-    if (uri.startsWith(relativePathPrefix)) {
-        uri = uri.substring(4);
-    }
-    const pathIndex = source.lastIndexOf("/");
-    if (pathIndex >= 0) {
-        // Take the source uri as the base path
-        const basePath = source.substring(0, pathIndex + 1);
-        // make sure we don't have double slashes
-        while (basePath.endsWith("/") && uri.startsWith("/")) uri = uri.substring(1);
-        // Append the relative uri
-        const newUri = basePath + uri;
-        // newUri = new URL(newUri, globalThis.location.href).href;
-        if (debugGetPath) console.log("source:", source, "changed uri \nfrom", uri, "\nto ", newUri, "\nbasePath: " + basePath);
-        return newUri;
-    }
-    return uri;
-}
-// export function getPath(glbLocation: SourceIdentifier | undefined, path: string) {
-//     if (path && glbLocation && !path.includes("/")) {
-//         // get directory of glb and prepend it to the audio file path
-//         const pathIndex = glbLocation.lastIndexOf("/");
-//         if (pathIndex >= 0) {
-//             const newPath = glbLocation.substring(0, pathIndex + 1) + path;
-//             return newPath;
-//         }
-//     }
-//     return path;
-// }
-
-
-export type WriteCallback = (data: any, prop: string) => void;
-
-export interface IWatch {
-    subscribeWrite(callback: WriteCallback);
-    unsubscribeWrite(callback: WriteCallback);
-    apply();
-    revoke();
-    dispose();
-}
-
-
-// TODO: make it possible to add multiple watches to the same object property
-class WatchImpl implements IWatch {
-    subscribeWrite(callback: WriteCallback) {
-        this.writeCallbacks.push(callback);
-    }
-    unsubscribeWrite(callback: WriteCallback) {
-        const i = this.writeCallbacks.indexOf(callback);
-        if (i === -1) return;
-        this.writeCallbacks.splice(i, 1);
-    }
-    private writeCallbacks: (WriteCallback)[] = [];
-
-    constructor(object: object, prop: string) {
-        this._object = object;
-        this._prop = prop;
-        this._wrapperProp = Symbol("$" + prop);
-        this.apply();
-    }
-
-    private _applied: boolean = false;
-    private _object: any;
-    private _prop: string;
-    private _wrapperProp: symbol;
-
-    apply() {
-        if (this._applied) return;
-        if (!this._object) return;
-        const object = this._object;
-        const prop = this._prop;
-        if (object[prop] === undefined) return;
-        this._applied = true;
-
-        if (object[this._wrapperProp] !== undefined) {
-            console.warn("Watcher is being applied to an object that already has a wrapper property. This is not (yet) supported");
-        }
-
-        // create a wrapper property
-        const current = object[prop];
-        object[this._wrapperProp] = current;
-        // create wrapper methods
-        const getter = () => {
-            return object[this._wrapperProp];
-        }
-        const setter = (value) => {
-            object[this._wrapperProp] = value;
-            for (const write of this.writeCallbacks) {
-                write(value, this._prop);
-            }
-        }
-        // add the wrapper to the object
-        Object.defineProperty(object, prop, {
-            get: getter,
-            set: setter
-        });
-    }
-
-    revoke() {
-        if (!this._applied) return;
-        if (!this._object) return;
-        this._applied = false;
-        const object = this._object;
-        const prop = this._prop;
-        Reflect.deleteProperty(object, prop);
-        const current = object[this._wrapperProp];
-        object[prop] = current;
-        Reflect.deleteProperty(object, this._wrapperProp);
-    }
-
-    dispose() {
-        this.revoke();
-        this.writeCallbacks.length = 0;
-        this._object = null;
-    }
-}
-
-export class Watch implements IWatch {
-
-    private readonly _watches: IWatch[] = [];
-
-    constructor(object: object, str: string[] | string) {
-        if (Array.isArray(str)) {
-            for (const s of str) {
-                this._watches.push(new Watch(object, s));
-            }
-        }
-        else {
-            this._watches.push(new WatchImpl(object, str));
-        }
-    }
-
-    subscribeWrite(callback: WriteCallback) {
-        for (const w of this._watches) {
-            w.subscribeWrite(callback);
-        }
-    }
-    unsubscribeWrite(callback: WriteCallback) {
-        for (const w of this._watches) {
-            w.unsubscribeWrite(callback);
-        }
-    }
-
-    apply() {
-        for (const w of this._watches) {
-            w.apply();
-        }
-    }
-
-    revoke() {
-        for (const w of this._watches) {
-            w.revoke();
-        }
-    }
-
-    dispose() {
-        for (const w of this._watches) {
-            w.dispose();
-        }
-        this._watches.length = 0;
-    }
-}
-
-const watchesKey = Symbol("needle:watches");
-/** Subscribe to an object being written to
- * Currently supporting Vector3
- */
-export function watchWrite(vec: Vector, cb: Function) {
-    if (!vec[watchesKey]) {
-        if (vec instanceof Vector2) {
-            vec[watchesKey] = new Watch(vec, ["x", "y"]);
-        }
-        else if (vec instanceof Vector3) {
-            vec[watchesKey] = new Watch(vec, ["x", "y", "z"]);
-        }
-        else if (vec instanceof Vector4 || vec instanceof Quaternion) {
-            vec[watchesKey] = new Watch(vec, ["x", "y", "z", "w"]);
-        }
-        else {
-            return false;
-        }
-    }
-    vec[watchesKey].subscribeWrite(cb);
-    return true;
-}
-export function unwatchWrite(vec: Vector, cb: Function) {
-    if (!vec) return;
-    const watch = vec[watchesKey];
-    if (!watch) return;
-    watch.unsubscribeWrite(cb);
-};
-
-
-declare global {
-    interface NavigatorUAData {
-        platform: string;
-    }
-    interface Navigator {
-        userAgentData?: NavigatorUAData;
-    }
-}
-
-/**
- * Utility functions to detect certain device types (mobile, desktop), browsers, or capabilities.
- */
-export namespace DeviceUtilities {
-
-    let _isDesktop: boolean | undefined;
-    /** @returns `true` for MacOS or Windows devices. `false` for Hololens and other headsets. */
-    export function isDesktop() {
-        if (_isDesktop !== undefined) return _isDesktop;
-        const ua = window.navigator.userAgent;
-        const standalone = /Windows|MacOS|Mac OS/.test(ua);
-        const isHololens = /Windows NT/.test(ua) && /Edg/.test(ua) && !/Win64/.test(ua);
-        return _isDesktop = standalone && !isHololens && !isiOS();
-    }
-
-    let _ismobile: boolean | undefined;
-    /** @returns `true` if it's a phone or tablet */
-    export function isMobileDevice() {
-        if (_ismobile !== undefined) return _ismobile;
-        // eslint-disable-next-line deprecation/deprecation
-        if ((typeof window.orientation !== "undefined") || (navigator.userAgent.indexOf('IEMobile') !== -1)) {
-            return _ismobile = true;
-        }
-        return _ismobile = /iPhone|iPad|iPod|Android|IEMobile/i.test(navigator.userAgent);
-    }
-
-    /** @deprecated use {@link isiPad} instead */
-    export function isIPad() {
-        return isiPad();
-    }
-
-    let __isiPad: boolean | undefined;
-    /** @returns `true` if we're currently on an iPad */
-    export function isiPad() {
-        if (__isiPad !== undefined) return __isiPad;
-        return __isiPad = /iPad/.test(navigator.userAgent);
-    }
-
-    let __isAndroidDevice: boolean | undefined;
-    /** @returns `true` if we're currently on an Android device */
-    export function isAndroidDevice() {
-        if (__isAndroidDevice !== undefined) return __isAndroidDevice;
-        return __isAndroidDevice = /Android/.test(navigator.userAgent);
-    }
-
-    let __isMozillaXR: boolean | undefined;
-    /** @returns `true` if we're currently using the Mozilla XR Browser (only available for iOS) */
-    export function isMozillaXR() {
-        if (__isMozillaXR !== undefined) return __isMozillaXR;
-        return __isMozillaXR = /WebXRViewer\//i.test(navigator.userAgent);
-    }
-
-    let __isMacOS: boolean | undefined;
-    // https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Navigator/userAgentData
-    /** @returns `true` for MacOS devices */
-    export function isMacOS() {
-        if (__isMacOS !== undefined) return __isMacOS;
-        if (navigator.userAgentData) {
-            // Use modern UA Client Hints API if available
-            return __isMacOS = navigator.userAgentData.platform === 'macOS';
-        } else {
-            // Fallback to user agent string parsing
-            const userAgent = navigator.userAgent.toLowerCase();
-            return __isMacOS = userAgent.includes('mac os x') || userAgent.includes('macintosh');
-        }
-    }
-
-    let __isVisionOS: boolean | undefined;
-    /** @returns `true` for VisionOS devices */
-    export function isVisionOS() {
-        if (__isVisionOS !== undefined) return __isVisionOS;
-        return __isVisionOS = (isMacOS() && "xr" in navigator);
-    }
-
-    let __isiOS: boolean | undefined;
-    const iosDevices = ['iPad Simulator', 'iPhone Simulator', 'iPod Simulator', 'iPad', 'iPhone', 'iPod'];
-
-    /** @returns `true` for iOS devices like iPad, iPhone, iPod... */
-    export function isiOS() {
-        if (__isiOS !== undefined) return __isiOS;
-        // eslint-disable-next-line deprecation/deprecation
-        return __isiOS = iosDevices.includes(navigator.platform)
-            // iPad on iOS 13 detection
-            || (navigator.userAgent.includes("Mac") && "ontouchend" in document)
-    }
-
-    let __isSafari: boolean | undefined;
-    /** @returns `true` if we're currently on safari */
-    export function isSafari() {
-        if (__isSafari !== undefined) return __isSafari;
-        __isSafari = /^((?!chrome|android).)*safari/i.test(navigator.userAgent);
-        return __isSafari;
-    }
-
-    let __isQuest: boolean | undefined;
-    /** @returns `true` for Meta Quest devices and browser. */
-    export function isQuest() {
-        if (__isQuest !== undefined) return __isQuest;
-        return __isQuest = navigator.userAgent.includes("OculusBrowser");
-    }
-
-    let __supportsQuickLookAR: boolean | undefined;
-    /** @returns `true` if the browser has `<a rel="ar">` support, which indicates USDZ QuickLook support. */
-    export function supportsQuickLookAR() {
-        if (__supportsQuickLookAR !== undefined) return __supportsQuickLookAR;
-        const a = document.createElement("a") as HTMLAnchorElement;
-        __supportsQuickLookAR = a.relList.supports("ar");
-        return __supportsQuickLookAR;
-    }
-
-    /** @returns `true` if the user allowed to use the microphone */
-    export async function microphonePermissionsGranted() {
-        try {
-            //@ts-ignore
-            const res = await navigator.permissions.query({ name: 'microphone' });
-            if (res.state === "denied") {
-                return false;
-            }
-            return true;
-        }
-        catch (err) {
-            console.error("Error querying `microphone` permissions.", err);
-            return false;
-        }
-    }
-
-    let __iOSVersion: string | null | undefined;
-    export function getiOSVersion() {
-        if (__iOSVersion !== undefined) return __iOSVersion;
-        const match = navigator.userAgent.match(/iPhone OS (\d+_\d+)/);
-        if (match) __iOSVersion = match[1].replace("_", ".");
-        if (!__iOSVersion) {
-            // Look for "(Macintosh;" or "(iPhone;" or "(iPad;" and then check Version/18.0
-            const match2 = navigator.userAgent.match(/(?:\(Macintosh;|iPhone;|iPad;).*Version\/(\d+\.\d+)/);
-            if (match2) __iOSVersion = match2[1];
-        }
-        // if we dont have any match we set it to null to avoid running the check again
-        if (!__iOSVersion) {
-            __iOSVersion = null;
-        }
-        return __iOSVersion;
-    }
-
-    let __chromeVersion: string | null | undefined;
-    export function getChromeVersion() {
-        if (__chromeVersion !== undefined) return __chromeVersion;
-        const match = navigator.userAgent.match(/(?:CriOS|Chrome)\/(\d+\.\d+\.\d+\.\d+)/);
-        if (match) {
-            const result = match[1].replace("_", ".");
-            __chromeVersion = result;
-        }
-        else __chromeVersion = null;
-        return __chromeVersion;
-    }
-}
-
-/**
- * @deprecated use {@link DeviceUtilities.isDesktop} instead
- */
-export function isDesktop() {
-    return DeviceUtilities.isDesktop();
-}
-
-/** 
- * @deprecated use {@link DeviceUtilities.isMobileDevice} instead
- */
-export function isMobileDevice() {
-    return DeviceUtilities.isMobileDevice();
-}
-
-/** @deprecated use {@link DeviceUtilities.isiPad} instead */
-export function isIPad() {
-    return DeviceUtilities.isiPad();
-}
-
-/** @deprecated use {@link DeviceUtilities.isiPad} instead */
-export function isiPad() {
-    return DeviceUtilities.isiPad();
-}
-
-/** @deprecated use {@link DeviceUtilities.isAndroidDevice} instead */
-export function isAndroidDevice() {
-    return DeviceUtilities.isAndroidDevice();
-}
-
-/** @deprecated use {@link DeviceUtilities.isMozillaXR} instead */
-export function isMozillaXR() {
-    return DeviceUtilities.isMozillaXR();
-}
-
-// https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Navigator/userAgentData
-/** @deprecated use {@link DeviceUtilities.isMacOS} instead */
-export function isMacOS() {
-    return DeviceUtilities.isMacOS();
-}
-
-/** @deprecated use {@link DeviceUtilities.isiOS} instead */
-export function isiOS() {
-    return DeviceUtilities.isiOS();
-}
-
-/** @deprecated use {@link DeviceUtilities.isSafari} instead */
-export function isSafari() {
-    return DeviceUtilities.isSafari();
-}
-
-/** @deprecated use {@link DeviceUtilities.isQuest} instead */
-export function isQuest() {
-    return DeviceUtilities.isQuest();
-}
-
-/** @deprecated use {@link DeviceUtilities.microphonePermissionsGranted} instead */
-export async function microphonePermissionsGranted() {
-    return DeviceUtilities.microphonePermissionsGranted();
-}
-
-const cloudflareIPRegex = /ip=(?<ip>.+?)\n/s;
-export async function getIpCloudflare() {
-    const data = await fetch('https://www.cloudflare.com/cdn-cgi/trace');
-    const body = await data.text();
-    // we are only interested in the ip= part:
-    const match = cloudflareIPRegex.exec(body);
-    if (match)
-        return match[1];
-    return null;
-}
-
-/** Gets the public IP address of this device. 
- * @returns IP address, or `undefined` when it can't be determined.
-*/
-export async function getIp() {
-    const res = (await fetch("https://api.db-ip.com/v2/free/self").catch(() => null));
-    if (!res) return undefined;
-    const json = await res.json() as IpAndLocation;
-    return json.ipAddress;
-}
-
-/**
- * Contains information about public IP, continent, country, state, city.  
- * This information may be affected by VPNs, proxies, or other network configurations.
- */
-export type IpAndLocation = {
-    ipAddress: string;
-    continentCode: string;
-    continentName: string;
-    countryCode: string;
-    countryName: string;
-    stateProv: string;
-    city: string;
-}
-
-/** Gets the public IP address, location, and country data of this device. 
- * @returns an object containing {@link IpAndLocation} data, or `undefined` when it can't be determined.
-*/
-export async function getIpAndLocation(): Promise<IpAndLocation | undefined> {
-    const res = (await fetch("https://api.db-ip.com/v2/free/self").catch(() => null));
-    if (!res) return undefined;
-    const json = await res.json() as IpAndLocation;
-    return json;
-}
-
-declare type AttributeChangeCallback = (value: string | null) => void;
-declare type HtmlElementExtra = {
-    observer: MutationObserver,
-    attributeChangedListeners: Map<string, Array<AttributeChangeCallback>>,
-}
-const mutationObserverMap = new WeakMap<HTMLElement, HtmlElementExtra>();
-
-/** 
- * Register a callback when an {@link HTMLElement} attribute changes.   
- * This is used, for example, by the Skybox component to watch for changes to the environment-* and skybox-* attributes.
-*/
-export function addAttributeChangeCallback(domElement: HTMLElement, name: string, callback: AttributeChangeCallback) {
-    if (!mutationObserverMap.get(domElement)) {
-        const observer = new MutationObserver((mutations) => {
-            handleMutations(domElement, mutations);
-        });
-        mutationObserverMap.set(domElement, {
-            observer,
-            attributeChangedListeners: new Map<string, Array<AttributeChangeCallback>>(),
-        });
-        observer.observe(domElement, { attributes: true });
-    }
-
-    const listeners = mutationObserverMap.get(domElement)!.attributeChangedListeners;
-    if (!listeners.has(name)) {
-        listeners.set(name, []);
-    }
-    listeners.get(name)!.push(callback);
-};
-
-/** 
- * Unregister a callback previously registered with {@link addAttributeChangeCallback}.   
-*/
-export function removeAttributeChangeCallback(domElement: HTMLElement, name: string, callback: AttributeChangeCallback) {
-    if (!mutationObserverMap.get(domElement)) return;
-    const listeners = mutationObserverMap.get(domElement)!.attributeChangedListeners;
-    if (!listeners.has(name)) return;
-    const arr = listeners.get(name);
-    const index = arr!.indexOf(callback);
-    if (index === -1) return;
-    arr!.splice(index, 1);
-    if (arr!.length <= 0) {
-        listeners.delete(name);
-        const entry = mutationObserverMap.get(domElement);
-        entry?.observer.disconnect();
-        mutationObserverMap.delete(domElement);
-    }
-}
-
-function handleMutations(domElement: HTMLElement, mutations: Array<MutationRecord>) {
-    const listeners = mutationObserverMap.get(domElement)!.attributeChangedListeners;
-    for (const mut of mutations) {
-        if (mut.type === "attributes") {
-            const name = mut.attributeName!;
-            const value = domElement.getAttribute(name);
-            if (listeners.has(name)) {
-                for (const listener of listeners.get(name)!) {
-                    listener(value);
-                }
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-}
-
-
-/** Used by `PromiseAllWithErrors` */
-export class PromiseErrorResult {
-    readonly reason: string;
-    constructor(reason: string) {
-        this.reason = reason;
-    }
-}
-
-/** Can be used to simplify Promise error handling and if errors are acceptable. 
- * Promise.all will just fail if any of the provided promises fails and not return or cancel pending promises or partial results
- * Using Promise.allSettled (or this method) instead will return a result for each promise and not automatically fail if any of the promises fails.
- * Instead it will return a promise containing information if any of the promises failed
- * and the actual results will be available as `results` array
- **/
-export async function PromiseAllWithErrors<T>(promise: Promise<T>[]): Promise<{
-    anyFailed: boolean,
-    results: Array<T | PromiseErrorResult>
-}> {
-    const results = await Promise.allSettled(promise).catch(err => {
-        return [
-            new PromiseErrorResult(err.message)
-        ];
-    })
-    let anyFailed: boolean = false;
-    const res = results.map(x => {
-        if ("value" in x) return x.value;
-        anyFailed = true;
-        return new PromiseErrorResult(x.reason);
-    });
-    return {
-        anyFailed: anyFailed,
-        results: res,
-    };
-}
-
-
-
-
-
-
-/** Generates a QR code HTML image using https://github.com/davidshimjs/qrcodejs
- * @param args.text The text to encode
- * @param args.width The width of the QR code
- * @param args.height The height of the QR code
- * @param args.colorDark The color of the dark squares
- * @param args.colorLight The color of the light squares
- * @param args.correctLevel The error correction level to use
- * @param args.domElement The dom element to append the QR code to. If not provided a new div will be created and returned
- * @returns The dom element containing the QR code
- */
-export async function generateQRCode(args: { domElement?: HTMLElement, text: string, width?: number, height?: number, colorDark?: string, colorLight?: string, correctLevel?: any }): Promise<HTMLElement> {
-
-    // ensure that the QRCode library is loaded
-    if (!globalThis["QRCode"]) {
-        const url = "https://cdn.rawgit.com/davidshimjs/qrcodejs/gh-pages/qrcode.min.js";
-        let script = document.head.querySelector(`script[src="${url}"]`) as HTMLScriptElement;
-        if (!script) {
-            script = document.createElement("script");
-            script.src = url;
-            document.head.appendChild(script);
-        }
-
-        await new Promise((resolve, _reject) => {
-            script.addEventListener("load", () => {
-                resolve(true);
-            });
-        });
-    }
-
-    const QRCODE = globalThis["QRCode"];
-    const target = args.domElement ?? document.createElement("div");
-    new QRCODE(target, {
-        width: args.width ?? 256,
-        height: args.height ?? 256,
-        colorDark: "#000000",
-        colorLight: "#ffffff",
-        correctLevel: QRCODE.CorrectLevel.M,
-        ...args,
-    });
-    return target;
+// use for typesafe interface method calls
+import { Quaternion, Vector2, Vector3, Vector4 } from "three";
+
+declare type Vector = Vector2 | Vector3 | Vector4 | Quaternion;
+
+import { type Context } from "./engine_context.js";
+import { ContextRegistry } from "./engine_context_registry.js";
+import { type SourceIdentifier } from "./engine_types.js";
+
+// https://schneidenbach.gitbooks.io/typescript-cookbook/content/nameof-operator.html
+/** @internal */
+export const nameofFactory = <T>() => (name: keyof T) => name;
+
+/** @internal */
+export function nameof<T>(name: keyof T) {
+    return nameofFactory<T>()(name);
+}
+
+type ParseNumber<T> = T extends `${infer U extends number}` ? U : never;
+export type EnumToPrimitiveUnion<T> = `${T & string}` | ParseNumber<`${T & number}`>;
+
+/** @internal */
+export function isDebugMode(): boolean {
+    return getParam("debug") ? true : false;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * The circular buffer class can be used to cache objects that don't need to be created every frame.    
+ * This structure is used for e.g. Vector3 or Quaternion objects in the engine when calling `getTempVector3` or `getTempQuaternion`.
+ * 
+ * @example Create a circular buffer that caches Vector3 objects. Max size is 10.
+ * ```typescript
+ * const buffer = new CircularBuffer(() => new Vector3(), 10);
+ * const vec = buffer.get();
+ * ```
+ * 
+ * @example Create a circular buffer that caches Quaternion objects. Max size is 1000.
+ * ```typescript
+ * const buffer = new CircularBuffer(() => new Quaternion(), 1000);
+ * const quat = buffer.get();
+ * ```
+ */
+export class CircularBuffer<T> {
+    private _factory: () => T;
+    private _cache: T[] = [];
+    private _maxSize: number;
+    private _index: number = 0;
+
+    constructor(factory: () => T, maxSize: number) {
+        this._factory = factory;
+        this._maxSize = maxSize;
+    }
+
+    get(): T {
+        const i = this._index % this._maxSize;
+        this._index++;
+        if (this._cache.length <= i) {
+            this._cache[i] = this._factory();
+        }
+        return this._cache[i];
+    }
+}
+
+let showHelp: Param<"help"> = false;
+const requestedParams: Array<string> = new Array();
+
+if (typeof window !== "undefined") {
+    setTimeout(() => {
+        // const debugHelp = getParam("debughelp");
+        if (showHelp) {
+            const params = {};
+            const url = new URL(window.location.href);
+            const exampleUrl = new URL(url);
+            exampleUrl.searchParams.append("console", "");
+            const exampleUrlStr = exampleUrl.toString().replace(/=$|=(?=&)/g, '');
+            // Filter the params we're interested in
+            for (const param of requestedParams) {
+                const url2 = new URL(url);
+                url2.searchParams.append(param, "");
+                // Save url with clean parameters (remove trailing = and empty parameters)
+                params[param] = url2.toString().replace(/=$|=(?=&)/g, '');
+            }
+            console.log(
+                "🌵 ?help: Debug Options for Needle Engine.\n" +
+                "Append any of these parameters to the URL to enable specific debug options.\n" +
+                `Example: ${exampleUrlStr} will show an onscreen console window.`);
+            const postfix = showHelp === true ? "" : ` (containing "${showHelp}")`;
+            console.group("Available URL parameters:" + postfix);
+            for (const key of Object.keys(params).sort()) {
+                // If ?help= is a string we only want to show the parameters that contain the string
+                if (typeof showHelp === "string") {
+                    if (!key.toLowerCase().includes(showHelp.toLowerCase())) continue;
+                }
+                console.groupCollapsed(key);
+                // Needs to be a separate log, otherwise Safari doesn't turn the next line into a URL:
+                console.log("Reload with this flag enabled:");
+                console.log(params[key]);
+                console.groupEnd();
+            }
+            console.groupEnd();
+        }
+    }, 100);
+}
+
+export function getUrlParams() {
+    // "window" may not exist in node.js
+    return new URLSearchParams(globalThis.location?.search);
+}
+
+// bit strange that we have to pass T in here as well but otherwise the type parameter is stripped it seems
+type Param<T extends string> = string | boolean | number | T;
+
+/** Checks if a url parameter exists.
+ * Returns true if it exists but has no value (e.g. ?help)
+ * Returns false if it does not exist
+ * Returns false if it's set to 0 e.g. ?debug=0
+ * Returns the value if it exists e.g. ?message=hello
+ */
+export function getParam<T extends string>(paramName: T): Param<T> {
+    if (showHelp && !requestedParams.includes(paramName))
+        requestedParams.push(paramName);
+    const urlParams = getUrlParams();
+    if (urlParams.has(paramName)) {
+        const val = urlParams.get(paramName);
+        if (val) {
+            const num = Number(val);
+            if (!isNaN(num)) return num;
+            return val;
+        }
+        else return true;
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+showHelp = getParam("help");
+
+export function setParam(paramName: string, paramValue: string): void {
+    const urlParams = getUrlParams();
+    if (urlParams.has(paramName)) {
+        urlParams.set(paramName, paramValue);
+    }
+    else
+        urlParams.append(paramName, paramValue);
+    document.location.search = urlParams.toString();
+}
+
+/** Sets an URL parameter without reloading the website */
+export function setParamWithoutReload(paramName: string, paramValue: string | null, appendHistory = true): void {
+    const urlParams = getUrlParams();
+    if (urlParams.has(paramName)) {
+        if (paramValue === null) urlParams.delete(paramName);
+        else urlParams.set(paramName, paramValue);
+    }
+    else if (paramValue !== null)
+        urlParams.append(paramName, paramValue);
+    if (appendHistory) pushState(paramName, urlParams);
+    else setState(paramName, urlParams);
+}
+
+/** Sets or adds an URL query parameter */
+export function setOrAddParamsToUrl(url: URLSearchParams, paramName: string, paramValue: string | number): void {
+    if (url.has(paramName)) {
+        url.set(paramName, paramValue.toString());
+    }
+    else
+        url.append(paramName, paramValue.toString());
+}
+
+/** Adds an entry to the browser history. Internally uses `window.history.pushState` */
+export function pushState(title: string, urlParams: URLSearchParams, state?: any) {
+    window.history.pushState(state, title, "?" + urlParams.toString());
+}
+
+/** Replaces the current entry in the browser history. Internally uses `window.history.replaceState` */
+export function setState(title: string, urlParams: URLSearchParams, state?: any) {
+    window.history.replaceState(state, title, "?" + urlParams.toString());
+}
+
+// for room id
+/** Generates a random id string of the given length */
+export function makeId(length): string {
+    var result = '';
+    var characters = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789';
+    var charactersLength = characters.length;
+    for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) {
+        result += characters.charAt(Math.floor(Math.random() *
+            charactersLength));
+    }
+    return result;
+}
+
+/** Generates a random number
+ * @deprecated use Mathf.random(min, max)
+ */
+export function randomNumber(min: number, max: number) {
+    return Math.floor(Math.random() * (max - min + 1)) + min;
+}
+
+const adjectives = ["smol", "tiny", "giant", "interesting", "smart", "bright", "dull", "extreme", "beautiful", "pretty", "dark", "epic", "salty", "silly", "funny", "lame", "lazy", "loud", "lucky", "mad", "mean", "mighty", "mysterious", "nasty", "odd", "old", "powerful", "quiet", "rapid", "scary", "shiny", "shy", "silly", "smooth", "sour", "spicy", "stupid", "sweet", "tasty", "terrible", "ugly", "unusual", "vast", "wet", "wild", "witty", "wrong", "zany", "zealous", "zippy", "zombie", "zorro"];
+const nouns = ["cat", "dog", "mouse", "pig", "cow", "horse", "sheep", "chicken", "duck", "goat", "panda", "tiger", "lion", "elephant", "monkey", "bird", "fish", "snake", "frog", "turtle", "hamster", "penguin", "kangaroo", "whale", "dolphin", "crocodile", "snail", "ant", "bee", "beetle", "butterfly", "dragon", "eagle", "fish", "giraffe", "lizard", "panda", "penguin", "rabbit", "snake", "spider", "tiger", "zebra"]
+/** Generates a random id string from a list of adjectives and nouns */
+export function makeIdFromRandomWords(): string {
+    const randomAdjective = adjectives[Math.floor(Math.random() * adjectives.length)];
+    const randomNoun = nouns[Math.floor(Math.random() * nouns.length)];
+    return randomAdjective + "_" + randomNoun;
+}
+
+// for url parameters
+export function sanitizeString(str): string {
+    str = str.replace(/[^a-z0-9áéíóúñü \.,_-]/gim, "");
+    return str.trim();
+}
+
+
+// TODO: taken from scene utils
+/** 
+ * @param globalObjectIdentifier The guid of the object to find
+ * @param obj The object to search in
+ * @param recursive If true the search will be recursive
+ * @param searchComponents If true the search will also search components
+ * @returns the first object that has the globalObjectIdentifier as a guid */
+export function tryFindObject(globalObjectIdentifier: string, obj, recursive: boolean = true, searchComponents: boolean = false) {
+    if (obj === undefined || obj === null) return null;
+
+    if (obj.userData && obj.userData.guid === globalObjectIdentifier) return obj;
+    else if (obj.guid == globalObjectIdentifier) return obj;
+
+    if (searchComponents) {
+        if (obj.userData?.components) {
+            for (const comp of obj.userData.components) {
+                if (comp.guid === globalObjectIdentifier) return comp;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (recursive) {
+        if (obj.scenes) {
+            for (const i in obj.scenes) {
+                const scene = obj.scenes[i];
+                const found = tryFindObject(globalObjectIdentifier, scene, recursive, searchComponents);
+                if (found) return found;
+            }
+        }
+        if (obj.children) {
+            for (const i in obj.children) {
+                const child = obj.children[i];
+                const found = tryFindObject(globalObjectIdentifier, child, recursive, searchComponents);
+                if (found) return found;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+declare type deepClonePredicate = (owner: any, propertyName: string, current: any) => boolean;
+
+/** Deep clones an object
+ * @param obj The object to clone
+ * @param predicate A function that can be used to skip certain properties from being cloned
+ * @returns The cloned object
+ * @example
+ * const clone = deepClone(obj, (owner, propertyName, current) => {
+ *    if (propertyName === "dontCloneMe") return false;
+ *   return true;
+ * });
+ * */
+export function deepClone(obj: any, predicate?: deepClonePredicate): any {
+    if (obj !== null && obj !== undefined && typeof obj === "object") {
+        let clone;
+        if (Array.isArray(obj)) clone = [];
+        else {
+            clone = Object.create(obj);
+            Object.assign(clone, obj);
+        }
+        for (const key of Object.keys(obj)) {
+            const val = obj[key];
+            if (predicate && !predicate(obj, key, val)) {
+                // console.log("SKIP", val);
+                clone[key] = val;
+            }
+            else if (val?.clone !== undefined && typeof val.clone === "function")
+                clone[key] = val.clone();
+            else
+                clone[key] = deepClone(val, predicate);
+        }
+        return clone;
+    }
+    return obj;
+}
+
+/** Wait for a specific amount of milliseconds to pass
+ * @returns a promise that resolves after a certain amount of milliseconds   
+ * @example
+ * ```typescript
+ * await delay(1000);
+ * ```
+*/
+export function delay(milliseconds: number): Promise<void> {
+    return new Promise((resolve, _reject) => {
+        setTimeout(resolve, milliseconds);
+    });
+}
+
+/** Will wait for a specific amount of frames to pass
+ * @param frameCount The amount of frames to wait for
+ * @param context The context to use, if not provided the current context will be used 
+ * @returns a promise that resolves after a certain amount of frames 
+ * @example
+ * ```typescript
+ * await delayForFrames(10);
+ * ```
+*/
+export function delayForFrames(frameCount: number, context?: Context): Promise<void> {
+
+    if (frameCount <= 0) return Promise.resolve();
+    if (!context) context = ContextRegistry.Current as Context;
+    if (!context) return Promise.reject("No context");
+
+    const endFrame = context.time.frameCount + frameCount;
+    return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+        if (!context) return reject("No context");
+        const cb = () => {
+            if (context!.time.frameCount >= endFrame) {
+                context!.pre_update_callbacks.splice(context!.pre_update_callbacks.indexOf(cb), 1);
+                resolve();
+            }
+        }
+        context!.pre_update_callbacks.push(cb);
+    });
+}
+
+// 1) if a timeline is exported via menu item the audio clip path is relative to the glb (same folder)
+// we need to detect that here and build the new audio source path relative to the new glb location
+// the same is/might be true for any file that is/will be exported via menu item
+// 2) if the needle.config assetDirectory is modified (from e.g. /assets to /needle/assets) when building a distributable our vite transform and copy plugin will move the files to dist/assets hence we cannot use project-relative paths (because the path changes). What we do instead if make all paths serialized in a glb relative to the glb. The rel: prefix is used to detect urls that need to be resolved.
+const debugGetPath = getParam("debugresolveurl");
+
+export const relativePathPrefix = "rel:";
+
+/** @deprecated use resolveUrl instead */
+export function getPath(source: SourceIdentifier | undefined, uri: string): string {
+    return resolveUrl(source, uri);
+}
+/**
+ * Use to resolve a url serialized in a glTF file
+ * @param source The uri of the loading file
+ * @param uri The uri of the file to resolve, can be absolute or relative
+ * @returns The resolved uri
+ */
+export function resolveUrl(source: SourceIdentifier | undefined, uri: string): string {
+    if (uri === undefined) {
+        if (debugGetPath) console.warn("getPath: uri is undefined, returning uri", uri);
+        return uri;
+    }
+    if (uri.startsWith("./")) {
+        return uri;
+    }
+    if (uri.startsWith("http")) {
+        if (debugGetPath) console.warn("getPath: uri is absolute, returning uri", uri);
+        return uri;
+    }
+    if (source === undefined) {
+        if (debugGetPath) console.warn("getPath: source is undefined, returning uri", uri);
+        return uri;
+    }
+    if (uri.startsWith(relativePathPrefix)) {
+        uri = uri.substring(4);
+    }
+    const pathIndex = source.lastIndexOf("/");
+    if (pathIndex >= 0) {
+        // Take the source uri as the base path
+        const basePath = source.substring(0, pathIndex + 1);
+        // make sure we don't have double slashes
+        while (basePath.endsWith("/") && uri.startsWith("/")) uri = uri.substring(1);
+        // Append the relative uri
+        const newUri = basePath + uri;
+        // newUri = new URL(newUri, globalThis.location.href).href;
+        if (debugGetPath) console.log("source:", source, "changed uri \nfrom", uri, "\nto ", newUri, "\nbasePath: " + basePath);
+        return newUri;
+    }
+    return uri;
+}
+// export function getPath(glbLocation: SourceIdentifier | undefined, path: string) {
+//     if (path && glbLocation && !path.includes("/")) {
+//         // get directory of glb and prepend it to the audio file path
+//         const pathIndex = glbLocation.lastIndexOf("/");
+//         if (pathIndex >= 0) {
+//             const newPath = glbLocation.substring(0, pathIndex + 1) + path;
+//             return newPath;
+//         }
+//     }
+//     return path;
+// }
+
+
+export type WriteCallback = (data: any, prop: string) => void;
+
+export interface IWatch {
+    subscribeWrite(callback: WriteCallback);
+    unsubscribeWrite(callback: WriteCallback);
+    apply();
+    revoke();
+    dispose();
+}
+
+
+// TODO: make it possible to add multiple watches to the same object property
+class WatchImpl implements IWatch {
+    subscribeWrite(callback: WriteCallback) {
+        this.writeCallbacks.push(callback);
+    }
+    unsubscribeWrite(callback: WriteCallback) {
+        const i = this.writeCallbacks.indexOf(callback);
+        if (i === -1) return;
+        this.writeCallbacks.splice(i, 1);
+    }
+    private writeCallbacks: (WriteCallback)[] = [];
+
+    constructor(object: object, prop: string) {
+        this._object = object;
+        this._prop = prop;
+        this._wrapperProp = Symbol("$" + prop);
+        this.apply();
+    }
+
+    private _applied: boolean = false;
+    private _object: any;
+    private _prop: string;
+    private _wrapperProp: symbol;
+
+    apply() {
+        if (this._applied) return;
+        if (!this._object) return;
+        const object = this._object;
+        const prop = this._prop;
+        if (object[prop] === undefined) return;
+        this._applied = true;
+
+        if (object[this._wrapperProp] !== undefined) {
+            console.warn("Watcher is being applied to an object that already has a wrapper property. This is not (yet) supported");
+        }
+
+        // create a wrapper property
+        const current = object[prop];
+        object[this._wrapperProp] = current;
+        // create wrapper methods
+        const getter = () => {
+            return object[this._wrapperProp];
+        }
+        const setter = (value) => {
+            object[this._wrapperProp] = value;
+            for (const write of this.writeCallbacks) {
+                write(value, this._prop);
+            }
+        }
+        // add the wrapper to the object
+        Object.defineProperty(object, prop, {
+            get: getter,
+            set: setter
+        });
+    }
+
+    revoke() {
+        if (!this._applied) return;
+        if (!this._object) return;
+        this._applied = false;
+        const object = this._object;
+        const prop = this._prop;
+        Reflect.deleteProperty(object, prop);
+        const current = object[this._wrapperProp];
+        object[prop] = current;
+        Reflect.deleteProperty(object, this._wrapperProp);
+    }
+
+    dispose() {
+        this.revoke();
+        this.writeCallbacks.length = 0;
+        this._object = null;
+    }
+}
+
+export class Watch implements IWatch {
+
+    private readonly _watches: IWatch[] = [];
+
+    constructor(object: object, str: string[] | string) {
+        if (Array.isArray(str)) {
+            for (const s of str) {
+                this._watches.push(new Watch(object, s));
+            }
+        }
+        else {
+            this._watches.push(new WatchImpl(object, str));
+        }
+    }
+
+    subscribeWrite(callback: WriteCallback) {
+        for (const w of this._watches) {
+            w.subscribeWrite(callback);
+        }
+    }
+    unsubscribeWrite(callback: WriteCallback) {
+        for (const w of this._watches) {
+            w.unsubscribeWrite(callback);
+        }
+    }
+
+    apply() {
+        for (const w of this._watches) {
+            w.apply();
+        }
+    }
+
+    revoke() {
+        for (const w of this._watches) {
+            w.revoke();
+        }
+    }
+
+    dispose() {
+        for (const w of this._watches) {
+            w.dispose();
+        }
+        this._watches.length = 0;
+    }
+}
+
+const watchesKey = Symbol("needle:watches");
+/** Subscribe to an object being written to
+ * Currently supporting Vector3
+ */
+export function watchWrite(vec: Vector, cb: Function) {
+    if (!vec[watchesKey]) {
+        if (vec instanceof Vector2) {
+            vec[watchesKey] = new Watch(vec, ["x", "y"]);
+        }
+        else if (vec instanceof Vector3) {
+            vec[watchesKey] = new Watch(vec, ["x", "y", "z"]);
+        }
+        else if (vec instanceof Vector4 || vec instanceof Quaternion) {
+            vec[watchesKey] = new Watch(vec, ["x", "y", "z", "w"]);
+        }
+        else {
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+    vec[watchesKey].subscribeWrite(cb);
+    return true;
+}
+export function unwatchWrite(vec: Vector, cb: Function) {
+    if (!vec) return;
+    const watch = vec[watchesKey];
+    if (!watch) return;
+    watch.unsubscribeWrite(cb);
+};
+
+
+declare global {
+    interface NavigatorUAData {
+        platform: string;
+    }
+    interface Navigator {
+        userAgentData?: NavigatorUAData;
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Utility functions to detect certain device types (mobile, desktop), browsers, or capabilities.
+ */
+export namespace DeviceUtilities {
+
+    let _isDesktop: boolean | undefined;
+    /** @returns `true` for MacOS or Windows devices. `false` for Hololens and other headsets. */
+    export function isDesktop() {
+        if (_isDesktop !== undefined) return _isDesktop;
+        const ua = window.navigator.userAgent;
+        const standalone = /Windows|MacOS|Mac OS/.test(ua);
+        const isHololens = /Windows NT/.test(ua) && /Edg/.test(ua) && !/Win64/.test(ua);
+        return _isDesktop = standalone && !isHololens && !isiOS();
+    }
+
+    let _ismobile: boolean | undefined;
+    /** @returns `true` if it's a phone or tablet */
+    export function isMobileDevice() {
+        if (_ismobile !== undefined) return _ismobile;
+        // eslint-disable-next-line deprecation/deprecation
+        if ((typeof window.orientation !== "undefined") || (navigator.userAgent.indexOf('IEMobile') !== -1)) {
+            return _ismobile = true;
+        }
+        return _ismobile = /iPhone|iPad|iPod|Android|IEMobile/i.test(navigator.userAgent);
+    }
+
+    /** @deprecated use {@link isiPad} instead */
+    export function isIPad() {
+        return isiPad();
+    }
+
+    let __isiPad: boolean | undefined;
+    /** @returns `true` if we're currently on an iPad */
+    export function isiPad() {
+        if (__isiPad !== undefined) return __isiPad;
+        return __isiPad = /iPad/.test(navigator.userAgent);
+    }
+
+    let __isAndroidDevice: boolean | undefined;
+    /** @returns `true` if we're currently on an Android device */
+    export function isAndroidDevice() {
+        if (__isAndroidDevice !== undefined) return __isAndroidDevice;
+        return __isAndroidDevice = /Android/.test(navigator.userAgent);
+    }
+
+    let __isMozillaXR: boolean | undefined;
+    /** @returns `true` if we're currently using the Mozilla XR Browser (only available for iOS) */
+    export function isMozillaXR() {
+        if (__isMozillaXR !== undefined) return __isMozillaXR;
+        return __isMozillaXR = /WebXRViewer\//i.test(navigator.userAgent);
+    }
+
+    let __isMacOS: boolean | undefined;
+    // https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Navigator/userAgentData
+    /** @returns `true` for MacOS devices */
+    export function isMacOS() {
+        if (__isMacOS !== undefined) return __isMacOS;
+        if (navigator.userAgentData) {
+            // Use modern UA Client Hints API if available
+            return __isMacOS = navigator.userAgentData.platform === 'macOS';
+        } else {
+            // Fallback to user agent string parsing
+            const userAgent = navigator.userAgent.toLowerCase();
+            return __isMacOS = userAgent.includes('mac os x') || userAgent.includes('macintosh');
+        }
+    }
+
+    let __isVisionOS: boolean | undefined;
+    /** @returns `true` for VisionOS devices */
+    export function isVisionOS() {
+        if (__isVisionOS !== undefined) return __isVisionOS;
+        return __isVisionOS = (isMacOS() && "xr" in navigator);
+    }
+
+    let __isiOS: boolean | undefined;
+    const iosDevices = ['iPad Simulator', 'iPhone Simulator', 'iPod Simulator', 'iPad', 'iPhone', 'iPod'];
+
+    /** @returns `true` for iOS devices like iPad, iPhone, iPod... */
+    export function isiOS() {
+        if (__isiOS !== undefined) return __isiOS;
+        // eslint-disable-next-line deprecation/deprecation
+        return __isiOS = iosDevices.includes(navigator.platform)
+            // iPad on iOS 13 detection
+            || (navigator.userAgent.includes("Mac") && "ontouchend" in document)
+    }
+
+    let __isSafari: boolean | undefined;
+    /** @returns `true` if we're currently on safari */
+    export function isSafari() {
+        if (__isSafari !== undefined) return __isSafari;
+        __isSafari = /^((?!chrome|android).)*safari/i.test(navigator.userAgent);
+        return __isSafari;
+    }
+
+    let __isQuest: boolean | undefined;
+    /** @returns `true` for Meta Quest devices and browser. */
+    export function isQuest() {
+        if (__isQuest !== undefined) return __isQuest;
+        return __isQuest = navigator.userAgent.includes("OculusBrowser");
+    }
+
+    let __supportsQuickLookAR: boolean | undefined;
+    /** @returns `true` if the browser has `<a rel="ar">` support, which indicates USDZ QuickLook support. */
+    export function supportsQuickLookAR() {
+        if (__supportsQuickLookAR !== undefined) return __supportsQuickLookAR;
+        const a = document.createElement("a") as HTMLAnchorElement;
+        __supportsQuickLookAR = a.relList.supports("ar");
+        return __supportsQuickLookAR;
+    }
+
+    /** @returns `true` if the user allowed to use the microphone */
+    export async function microphonePermissionsGranted() {
+        try {
+            //@ts-ignore
+            const res = await navigator.permissions.query({ name: 'microphone' });
+            if (res.state === "denied") {
+                return false;
+            }
+            return true;
+        }
+        catch (err) {
+            console.error("Error querying `microphone` permissions.", err);
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    let __iOSVersion: string | null | undefined;
+    export function getiOSVersion() {
+        if (__iOSVersion !== undefined) return __iOSVersion;
+        const match = navigator.userAgent.match(/iPhone OS (\d+_\d+)/);
+        if (match) __iOSVersion = match[1].replace("_", ".");
+        if (!__iOSVersion) {
+            // Look for "(Macintosh;" or "(iPhone;" or "(iPad;" and then check Version/18.0
+            const match2 = navigator.userAgent.match(/(?:\(Macintosh;|iPhone;|iPad;).*Version\/(\d+\.\d+)/);
+            if (match2) __iOSVersion = match2[1];
+        }
+        // if we dont have any match we set it to null to avoid running the check again
+        if (!__iOSVersion) {
+            __iOSVersion = null;
+        }
+        return __iOSVersion;
+    }
+
+    let __chromeVersion: string | null | undefined;
+    export function getChromeVersion() {
+        if (__chromeVersion !== undefined) return __chromeVersion;
+        const match = navigator.userAgent.match(/(?:CriOS|Chrome)\/(\d+\.\d+\.\d+\.\d+)/);
+        if (match) {
+            const result = match[1].replace("_", ".");
+            __chromeVersion = result;
+        }
+        else __chromeVersion = null;
+        return __chromeVersion;
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * @deprecated use {@link DeviceUtilities.isDesktop} instead
+ */
+export function isDesktop() {
+    return DeviceUtilities.isDesktop();
+}
+
+/** 
+ * @deprecated use {@link DeviceUtilities.isMobileDevice} instead
+ */
+export function isMobileDevice() {
+    return DeviceUtilities.isMobileDevice();
+}
+
+/** @deprecated use {@link DeviceUtilities.isiPad} instead */
+export function isIPad() {
+    return DeviceUtilities.isiPad();
+}
+
+/** @deprecated use {@link DeviceUtilities.isiPad} instead */
+export function isiPad() {
+    return DeviceUtilities.isiPad();
+}
+
+/** @deprecated use {@link DeviceUtilities.isAndroidDevice} instead */
+export function isAndroidDevice() {
+    return DeviceUtilities.isAndroidDevice();
+}
+
+/** @deprecated use {@link DeviceUtilities.isMozillaXR} instead */
+export function isMozillaXR() {
+    return DeviceUtilities.isMozillaXR();
+}
+
+// https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Navigator/userAgentData
+/** @deprecated use {@link DeviceUtilities.isMacOS} instead */
+export function isMacOS() {
+    return DeviceUtilities.isMacOS();
+}
+
+/** @deprecated use {@link DeviceUtilities.isiOS} instead */
+export function isiOS() {
+    return DeviceUtilities.isiOS();
+}
+
+/** @deprecated use {@link DeviceUtilities.isSafari} instead */
+export function isSafari() {
+    return DeviceUtilities.isSafari();
+}
+
+/** @deprecated use {@link DeviceUtilities.isQuest} instead */
+export function isQuest() {
+    return DeviceUtilities.isQuest();
+}
+
+/** @deprecated use {@link DeviceUtilities.microphonePermissionsGranted} instead */
+export async function microphonePermissionsGranted() {
+    return DeviceUtilities.microphonePermissionsGranted();
+}
+
+const cloudflareIPRegex = /ip=(?<ip>.+?)\n/s;
+export async function getIpCloudflare() {
+    const data = await fetch('https://www.cloudflare.com/cdn-cgi/trace');
+    const body = await data.text();
+    // we are only interested in the ip= part:
+    const match = cloudflareIPRegex.exec(body);
+    if (match)
+        return match[1];
+    return null;
+}
+
+/** Gets the public IP address of this device. 
+ * @returns IP address, or `undefined` when it can't be determined.
+*/
+export async function getIp() {
+    const res = (await fetch("https://api.db-ip.com/v2/free/self").catch(() => null));
+    if (!res) return undefined;
+    const json = await res.json() as IpAndLocation;
+    return json.ipAddress;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Contains information about public IP, continent, country, state, city.  
+ * This information may be affected by VPNs, proxies, or other network configurations.
+ */
+export type IpAndLocation = {
+    ipAddress: string;
+    continentCode: string;
+    continentName: string;
+    countryCode: string;
+    countryName: string;
+    stateProv: string;
+    city: string;
+}
+
+/** Gets the public IP address, location, and country data of this device. 
+ * @returns an object containing {@link IpAndLocation} data, or `undefined` when it can't be determined.
+*/
+export async function getIpAndLocation(): Promise<IpAndLocation | undefined> {
+    const res = (await fetch("https://api.db-ip.com/v2/free/self").catch(() => null));
+    if (!res) return undefined;
+    const json = await res.json() as IpAndLocation;
+    return json;
+}
+
+declare type AttributeChangeCallback = (value: string | null) => void;
+declare type HtmlElementExtra = {
+    observer: MutationObserver,
+    attributeChangedListeners: Map<string, Array<AttributeChangeCallback>>,
+}
+const mutationObserverMap = new WeakMap<HTMLElement, HtmlElementExtra>();
+
+/** 
+ * Register a callback when an {@link HTMLElement} attribute changes.   
+ * This is used, for example, by the Skybox component to watch for changes to the environment-* and skybox-* attributes.
+*/
+export function addAttributeChangeCallback(domElement: HTMLElement, name: string, callback: AttributeChangeCallback) {
+    if (!mutationObserverMap.get(domElement)) {
+        const observer = new MutationObserver((mutations) => {
+            handleMutations(domElement, mutations);
+        });
+        mutationObserverMap.set(domElement, {
+            observer,
+            attributeChangedListeners: new Map<string, Array<AttributeChangeCallback>>(),
+        });
+        observer.observe(domElement, { attributes: true });
+    }
+
+    const listeners = mutationObserverMap.get(domElement)!.attributeChangedListeners;
+    if (!listeners.has(name)) {
+        listeners.set(name, []);
+    }
+    listeners.get(name)!.push(callback);
+};
+
+/** 
+ * Unregister a callback previously registered with {@link addAttributeChangeCallback}.   
+*/
+export function removeAttributeChangeCallback(domElement: HTMLElement, name: string, callback: AttributeChangeCallback) {
+    if (!mutationObserverMap.get(domElement)) return;
+    const listeners = mutationObserverMap.get(domElement)!.attributeChangedListeners;
+    if (!listeners.has(name)) return;
+    const arr = listeners.get(name);
+    const index = arr!.indexOf(callback);
+    if (index === -1) return;
+    arr!.splice(index, 1);
+    if (arr!.length <= 0) {
+        listeners.delete(name);
+        const entry = mutationObserverMap.get(domElement);
+        entry?.observer.disconnect();
+        mutationObserverMap.delete(domElement);
+    }
+}
+
+function handleMutations(domElement: HTMLElement, mutations: Array<MutationRecord>) {
+    const listeners = mutationObserverMap.get(domElement)!.attributeChangedListeners;
+    for (const mut of mutations) {
+        if (mut.type === "attributes") {
+            const name = mut.attributeName!;
+            const value = domElement.getAttribute(name);
+            if (listeners.has(name)) {
+                for (const listener of listeners.get(name)!) {
+                    listener(value);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+}
+
+
+/** Used by `PromiseAllWithErrors` */
+export class PromiseErrorResult {
+    readonly reason: string;
+    constructor(reason: string) {
+        this.reason = reason;
+    }
+}
+
+/** Can be used to simplify Promise error handling and if errors are acceptable. 
+ * Promise.all will just fail if any of the provided promises fails and not return or cancel pending promises or partial results
+ * Using Promise.allSettled (or this method) instead will return a result for each promise and not automatically fail if any of the promises fails.
+ * Instead it will return a promise containing information if any of the promises failed
+ * and the actual results will be available as `results` array
+ **/
+export async function PromiseAllWithErrors<T>(promise: Promise<T>[]): Promise<{
+    anyFailed: boolean,
+    results: Array<T | PromiseErrorResult>
+}> {
+    const results = await Promise.allSettled(promise).catch(err => {
+        return [
+            new PromiseErrorResult(err.message)
+        ];
+    })
+    let anyFailed: boolean = false;
+    const res = results.map(x => {
+        if ("value" in x) return x.value;
+        anyFailed = true;
+        return new PromiseErrorResult(x.reason);
+    });
+    return {
+        anyFailed: anyFailed,
+        results: res,
+    };
+}
+
+
+
+
+
+
+/** Generates a QR code HTML image using https://github.com/davidshimjs/qrcodejs
+ * @param args.text The text to encode
+ * @param args.width The width of the QR code
+ * @param args.height The height of the QR code
+ * @param args.colorDark The color of the dark squares
+ * @param args.colorLight The color of the light squares
+ * @param args.correctLevel The error correction level to use
+ * @param args.domElement The dom element to append the QR code to. If not provided a new div will be created and returned
+ * @returns The dom element containing the QR code
+ */
+export async function generateQRCode(args: { domElement?: HTMLElement, text: string, width?: number, height?: number, colorDark?: string, colorLight?: string, correctLevel?: any }): Promise<HTMLElement> {
+
+    // ensure that the QRCode library is loaded
+    if (!globalThis["QRCode"]) {
+        const url = "https://cdn.rawgit.com/davidshimjs/qrcodejs/gh-pages/qrcode.min.js";
+        let script = document.head.querySelector(`script[src="${url}"]`) as HTMLScriptElement;
+        if (!script) {
+            script = document.createElement("script");
+            script.src = url;
+            document.head.appendChild(script);
+        }
+
+        await new Promise((resolve, _reject) => {
+            script.addEventListener("load", () => {
+                resolve(true);
+            });
+        });
+    }
+
+    const QRCODE = globalThis["QRCode"];
+    const target = args.domElement ?? document.createElement("div");
+    new QRCODE(target, {
+        width: args.width ?? 256,
+        height: args.height ?? 256,
+        colorDark: "#000000",
+        colorLight: "#ffffff",
+        correctLevel: QRCODE.CorrectLevel.M,
+        ...args,
+    });
+    return target;
 }